KR20190024245A - 기판 처리 장치 - Google Patents
기판 처리 장치 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
반응기 상부, 보다 구체적으로는 기체 공급 수단(예를 들어, 샤워헤드)의 온도를 제어할 수 있는 냉각 수단을 개시한다. 냉각 수단은 기체 공급 수단을 골고루 그리고 효율적으로 냉각시키도록 구성된 분리기를 포함한다.
Description
본 발명은 기판 처리 장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 기체 공급 수단의 온도를 조절할 수 있는 냉각 수단에 관한 것이다.
기판 처리 장치, 가령 반도체 기판 처리 장치의 경우 반응 기체 간의 화학반응을 촉진하기 위해 기판 처리 장치를 공정 온도에 맞게 가열한다. 예를 들어, 기판을 둘러싸고 있는 주변부, 가령 반응기 벽이나 반응기 덮개(예를 들어, 탑리드)를 일정 온도로 가열한다. 이와 같이 반응기 전체를 가열하고 가열된 온도를 유지함으로써 공정을 원활히 진행할 수 있다.
그러나 고온 공정에서 반응기의 특정 부분의 온도가 제어되지 않는 경우가 있고, 그러한 경우 반응기 전체의 온도 균형이 파괴되어 공정 재현성(process repeatability)이 저하될 수 있다. 가령 기판 지지대의 온도가 500도 이상인 경우 기판 지지대와 마주보는 기체 공급 수단(예를 들어, 샤워헤드)의 실제온도는 설정온도인 200도보다 높은 250도 이상이 될 수 있다.
또한 온도 제어가 되지 않을 경우 고온으로 인해 작업자가 화상을 입을 수 있는 안전성 문제, 그리고 밸브, 게이지 등 주요 부분품의 열충격(thermal shock)으로 인한 오작동, 오-링 등의 실링 부재의 경화 등으로 인해 챔버 리크(leak)가 발생되고 외부 대기가 반응 공간으로 유입되어 증착 박막의 품질이 저하되는 문제 등의 이차 피해가 발생할 수 있다.
본 발명은 위에서 언급한 문제를 해결하기 위한 수단을 제공한다. 특히 반응기 상부, 보다 구체적으로는 기체 공급 수단(예를 들어, 샤워헤드)의 온도 제어를 위한 수단을 제공한다. 또한 본 발명은 냉각 효율이 향상된 냉각 수단을 제공한다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 따른 실시예들의 일 측면에 따르면, 냉각 수단은 : 제1 격벽; 제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽; 제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽; 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 분리기는 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역을 연결하도록 구성될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 분리기는 몸체, 제1 채널 및 제2 채널을 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 분리기의 제1 채널을 통해 연결되고, 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역은 상기 분리기의 제2 채널을 통해 연결되며, 상기 제1 채널과 상기 제2 채널은 서로 만나지 않을 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 채널은 상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되며, 상기 제2 채널은 상기 분리기의 하부에 형성될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 다른 예에 따르면, 상기 냉각 수단은 : 상기 분리기는 : 몸체; 상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되고 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제1 부재; 상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되고 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제2 부재; 상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되고 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제3 부재; 상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되고 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제4 부재; 상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재에 의해 형성된 제1 채널; 및 상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재에 의해 형성된 제2 채널을 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 제1 채널을 통해 연결되고, 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역은 상기 제2 채널을 통해 연결되며, 상기 제1 채널과 상기 제2 채널은 서로 만나지 않을 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재, 상기 제2 부재, 상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재 각각의 일면은 상기 제2 격벽과 접촉할 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제3 부재는 상기 제3 격벽과 접촉하며, 상기 제2 부재 및 상기 제4 부재는 상기 제1 격벽과 접촉할 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재, 상기 제2 부재, 상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재의 높이는 동일하며,상기 제1 채널 및 상기 제2 채널은 일정한 폭을 갖고, 상기 제1 채널의 폭은 상기 제2 채널의 폭과 동일할 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 냉각 수단은 : 냉매를 유입하는 유입구를 더 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 유입구가 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한다면 : 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며; 그리고 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며, 상기 유입구가 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한다면 : 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며; 그리고 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 다른 예에 따르면, 상기 냉각 수단은 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이 또는 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 배치되는 하나 이상의 그루브(groove)를 더 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 따른 실시예들의 다른 측면에 따르면, 냉각 수단은 : 냉매가 유입되는 유입구; 상기 유입구를 통해 유입되는 냉매가 순환하는 유체 채널; 상기 유체 채널을 제1 영역 및 제2 영역으로 분리하는 격벽; 및 상기 격벽을 관통하고 제1 영역과 제2 영역에서 연장하는 분리기를 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 유입구는 상기 제1 영역으로 냉매를 유입하며, 상기 제1 영역 내에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 형성되며, 상기 제1 영역 내에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 서로 간의 충돌이나 섞임 없이 상기 제2 영역으로 유입될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 영역 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 영역 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며, 상기 제1 영역 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 영역 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 될 수 있다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 따른 실시예들의 다른 측면에 따르면, 냉각 수단은 : 제1 격벽; 제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽; 제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽; 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 분리기는 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하도록 구성될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 분리기는 몸체 및 채널을 포함하며, 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 분리기의 채널을 통해 연결될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 다른 예에 따르면, 상기 분리기는 : 몸체; 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제1 부재; 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제2 부재; 및 상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재에 의해 형성된 채널을 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 채널을 통해 연결될 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재 각각의 일면은 상기 제2 격벽과 접촉할 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재는 상기 제3 격벽과 접촉할 수 있으며, 상기 제2 부재는 상기 제1 격벽과 접촉할 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재의 높이는 동일하며, 상기 채널은 일정한 폭을 가질 수 있다.
상기 냉각 수단의 추가적인 예에 따르면, 상기 제1 영역에서의 냉매 흐름 방향이 시계 방향이라면 : 상기 제1 영역에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기의 채널에 의해 상기 제3 영역에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며, 상기 제1 영역에서의 냉매 흐름 방향이 반시계 방향이라면 : 상기 제1 영역에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기의 채널에 의해 상기 제3 영역에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 될 수 있다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 따른 실시예들의 다른 측면에 따르면, 상기 냉각 수단을 포함하는 기체 공급 수단이 제공될 수 있다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 따른 실시예들의 또 다른 측면에 따르면, 기판 처리 장치는 : 탑리드와외벽으로 둘러싸인 내부 공간을 포함하는 챔버;상기 탑리드에 배치되며 기체 공급 수단을 포함하는 적어도 하나의 반응기; 창기 챔버의 벽 내에서 상기 반응기에 대향하여 배치된 적어도 하나의 기판 지지대; 상기 반응기와 상기 기판 지지대 사이에 형성된 반응 공간; 및 상기 반응기 상부 또는 상기 기체 공급 수단 상부에 설치되는 냉각 수단을 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단은 고온 공정에서 반응기 상부의 온도를 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있으며, 유지 보수의 안정성 및 공정의 재현성을 향상시킬 수 있고, 그리고 고온에서 반응기 부품의 오작동을 방지할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 냉매 유도 플레이트, 격벽, 분리기 등의 개수 및 배치 형태 등을 다양화하여 냉각 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있다.
도 1은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 2는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 3은 도 1의 냉각 수단의 변형예를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 4a는 도 1 및 도 3의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도이며, 도 4b는 유체 채널에 분리기가 설치된 모습을 나타낸다.
도 5a 내지 도 5d는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기를 서로 다른 방향에서 바라본 모습의 사시도이다.
도 6a 및 도 6b는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도로, 몸체, 제1 채널, 제2 채널 및 격벽의 상호 배치 관계를 보여주는 도면이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도이다.
도 8은 도 7의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도이다.
도 9a 및 도 9b는 각각 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 외관 및 투시도이며, 도 9c는 이러한 냉각 수단에서의 냉매 흐름 경로를 도시한다.
도 10a 및 도 10b는 도 9의 냉각 수단의 덮개를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 11은 도 9의 냉각 수단의 횡단면도이다.
도 12은 덮개가 덮여지기 전의 도 10의 냉각 수단의 사시도이다.
도 13a 및 도 13b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단에 흐르는 냉매의 다양한 흐름 방향을 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 14a 및 도 14b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 15a 및 도 15b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 16은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단이 설치된 기판 처리 장치의 단면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 2는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 3은 도 1의 냉각 수단의 변형예를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 4a는 도 1 및 도 3의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도이며, 도 4b는 유체 채널에 분리기가 설치된 모습을 나타낸다.
도 5a 내지 도 5d는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기를 서로 다른 방향에서 바라본 모습의 사시도이다.
도 6a 및 도 6b는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도로, 몸체, 제1 채널, 제2 채널 및 격벽의 상호 배치 관계를 보여주는 도면이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도이다.
도 8은 도 7의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기의 사시도이다.
도 9a 및 도 9b는 각각 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 외관 및 투시도이며, 도 9c는 이러한 냉각 수단에서의 냉매 흐름 경로를 도시한다.
도 10a 및 도 10b는 도 9의 냉각 수단의 덮개를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 11은 도 9의 냉각 수단의 횡단면도이다.
도 12은 덮개가 덮여지기 전의 도 10의 냉각 수단의 사시도이다.
도 13a 및 도 13b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단에 흐르는 냉매의 다양한 흐름 방향을 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 14a 및 도 14b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 15a 및 도 15b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 16은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단이 설치된 기판 처리 장치의 단면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 실시예들을 상세히 설명하기로 한다.
본 발명의 실시예들은 당해 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 더욱 완전하게 설명하기 위하여 제공되는 것이며, 아래의 실시예들은 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 아래의 실시예들로 한정되는 것은 아니다. 오히려, 이들 실시예는 본 개시를 더욱 충실하고 완전하게 하며 당업자에게 본 발명의 사상을 완전하게 전달하기 위하여 제공되는 것이다.
본 명세서에서 사용된 용어는 특정 실시예를 설명하기 위하여 사용되며, 본 발명을 제한하기 위한 것이 아니다. 본 명세서에서 사용된 바와 같이 단수 형태는 문맥상 다른 경우를 분명히 지적하는 것이 아니라면, 복수의 형태를 포함할 수 있다. 또한, 본 명세서에서 사용되는 경우 "포함한다(comprise)" 및/또는 "포함하는(comprising)"은 언급한 형상들, 숫자, 단계, 동작, 부재, 요소 및/또는 이들 그룹의 존재를 특정하는 것이며, 하나 이상의 다른 형상, 숫자, 동작, 부재, 요소 및/또는 그룹들의 존재 또는 부가를 배제하는 것이 아니다. 본 명세서에서 사용된 바와 같이, 용어 "및/또는"은 해당 열거된 항목 중 어느 하나 및 하나 이상의 모든 조합을 포함한다.
본 명세서에서 제1, 제2 등의 용어가 다양한 부재, 영역 및/또는 부위들을 설명하기 위하여 사용되지만, 이들 부재, 부품, 영역, 층들 및/또는 부위들은 이들 용어에 의해 한정되어서는 안됨은 자명하다. 이들 용어는 특정 순서나 상하, 또는 우열의 의미하지 않으며, 하나의 부재, 영역 또는 부위를 다른 부재, 영역 또는 부위와 구별하기 위하여만 사용된다. 따라서, 이하 상술할 제1 부재, 영역 또는 부위는 본 발명의 가르침으로부터 벗어나지 않고서도 제2 부재, 영역 또는 부위를 지칭할 수 있다.
이하, 본 발명의 실시예들은 본 발명의 이상적인 실시예들을 개략적으로 도시하는 도면들을 참조하여 설명한다. 도면들에 있어서, 예를 들면, 제조 기술 및/또는 공차에 따라, 도시된 형상의 변형들이 예상될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명의 실시예는 본 명세서에 도시된 영역의 특정 형상에 제한된 것으로 해석되어서는 아니 되며, 예를 들면 제조상 초래되는 형상의 변화를 포함하여야 한다.
도 1은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 1을 참조하면, 냉각 수단은 제1 격벽(100), 상기 제1 격벽(100)을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽(200), 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽(300), 분리기(400a), 유입구(500) 및 유출구(600)를 포함할 수 있다.
제1 격벽(100) 및 제3 격벽(300)에 의해 유체 채널이 형성될 수 있다. 제2 격벽(200)은 제1 격벽(100) 및 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 설치되어 상기 유체 채널을 두 개의 영역(18, 19)으로 분리할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 상기 제1 격벽(100) 및 상기 제2 격벽(200)에 의해 내부 영역(18)이 형성되며, 상기 제2 격벽(200) 및 상기 제3 격벽(300)에 의해 외부 영역(19)이 형성될 수 있다.
유입구(500)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 배치될 수 있다. 상기 유입구(500)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이(즉, 외부 영역(19))에 냉매를 유입하며, 상기 외부 영역(19) 내에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름을 정의할 수 있다. 증착 공정은 일반적으로 온도에 민감하기 때문에 기체 공급 수단의 온도 불균일성은 증착 공정에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이에 따라, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 유입구(500)가 외부 영역(19) 내에서 상이한 방향(이 예에서, 시계 방향, 반시계 방향)으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름을 정의하는 것이 바람직하다. 이로써, 기체 공급 수단의 좌측과 우측 냉각의 불균형을 방지할 수 있고, 온도 균일성이 보장될 수 있기 때문이다.
유체 채널의 일면에는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이의 공간(즉, 외부 영역)을 제1 영역(A)과 제2 영역(B)으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이의 공간을 제3 영역(C)과 제4 영역(D)으로 분리하는 분리기(400a)가 배치될 수 있다. 이 때, 분리기에 의해 외부 영역을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리한다는 것은 외부 영역을 서로 독립된 두 영역으로 완전히 분리한다는 것을 의미하는 것이 아니며, 외부 영역의 일부를 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리함을 의미한다. 다시 말해, 외부 영역의 제2 영역은 냉각기의 일부에서는 제1 영역과 분리되지만, 외부 영역의 다른 부분에서는 제1 영역과 연결될 수 있다. 예를 들어 도 1을 참조하면, 냉각기의 일부(도면의 상단 부분)에서 외부 영역은 분리기(400a)에 의해 제1 영역(A)과 제2 영역(B)으로 분리되지만, 냉각기의 다른 부분(도면의 하단 부분)에서 상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제2 영역(B)은 서로 연결될 수 있다. 이와 같이, 본 명세서 전반에 걸쳐 "두 영역으로 분리함"이란 문구는 서로 완전히 독립된 두 영역으로 분리한다는 것을 의미하지 않는다는 것에 유의한다.
예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(400a)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이에서 연장하도록 구성된다. 따라서 분리기(400a)는 상기 외부 영역(19)을 제1 영역(A)과 제2 영역(B)으로 분리하고, 상기 내부 영역(18)을 제3 영역(C)과 제4 영역(D)으로 분리할 수 있다.
분리기(400a)는 상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제3 영역(C)을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역(B)과 상기 제4 영역(D)을 연결하도록 구성될 수 있다. 이에 따라, 분리기(400a)는 유체 채널의 외부 영역(19)에서 흐르는 냉매를 내부 영역(18)으로 유도하거나, 유체 채널의 내부 영역(18)에서 흐르는 냉매를 외부 영역(19)으로 유도할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(400a)는 제1 영역(A)과 제3 영역(C)을 연결하도록 구성되어, 제1 영역(A)에서 흐르는 냉매를 제3 영역(C)으로 유도할 수 있다.
분리기(400a)는 유체 채널을 따라 흐르는 냉매의 흐름 방향을 바꿀 수 있다. 예를 들어 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 외부 영역(19) 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 분리기(400a)에 의해 내부 영역(18) 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며, 외부 영역(19) 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 분리기(400a)에 의해 내부 영역(18) 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 된다.
이와 같이, 상기 분리기(400a)는 상기 외부 영역(19)의 두 냉매 흐름이 내부 영역(18)에서도 서로 다른 방향으로 흐르도록 유도할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 외부 영역(19) 내에서 상이한 방향(시계 방향, 반시계 방향)으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 내부 영역(18)에서도 서로 다른 방향(반시계 방향, 시계 방향)으로 흐를 수 있다.
외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400a)에 의해 서로 간의 충돌이나 섞임 없이 내부 영역(18)으로 유입될 수 있다. 즉, 상기 분리기(400a)는 외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 충돌하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 제1 영역(A)에서 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400a)에 의해 제3 영역(C)으로 유입되며, 제2영역(B)이나 제4 영역(D)으로 유입되지 않을 수 있다.
예를 들어 분리기(400a)는 격벽 구조일 수 있지만, 대안적으로 도 4에 도시된 바와 같은 구조를 가질 수 있다.
선택적이거나 추가적인 예에서, 상기 제1 격벽(100)과 상기 제2 격벽(200) 사이 및/또는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 하나 이상의 그루브들(미도시)이 배치될 수 있다. 상기 그루브들은 냉매의 흐름 방향을 정의할 수 있다. 또한 그루브들은 냉매와 냉각 수단 간의 접촉 면적을 증가시켜 냉각 효율을 증가시킬 수 있다.
내부 영역(18)으로 유입된 냉매는 제1 격벽(100)과 제2 격벽(200) 사이에 배치된 유출구(600)를 통해 배출될 수 있다.
도 2는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다. 이 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단은 전술한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 변형일 수 있다. 이하 실시예들간 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
도 2를 참조하면, 냉각 수단은 제1 격벽(100), 상기 제1 격벽(100)을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽(200), 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽(300), 분리기(400b), 유입구(500) 및 유출구(600)를 포함할 수 있다.
상기 분리기(400b)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이의 공간을 제1 영역(A)과 제2 영역(B)으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이의 공간을 제3 영역(C)과 제4 영역(D)으로 분리할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(400b)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이에서 연장하도록 구성된다.
분리기(400b)는 상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제3 영역(C)을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역(B)과 상기 제4 영역(D)을 연결할 수 있다.
상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제3 영역(C)이 분리기에 대해 서로 동일 측에 있는 도 1에서와 달리, 도 2에서 상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제3 영역(C)은 분리기에 대해 서로 다른 측에 있으며, 상기 제2 영역(B)과 상기 제4 영역(D)은 분리기에 대해 서로 또 다른 측에 있다.
이와 같은 구성으로 인해, 도 2의 분리기(400b)는, 도 1의 분리기(400a)와 달리, 유체 채널을 따라 흐르는 냉매의 흐름 방향을 바꾸지 않을 수 있다. 예를 들어, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 외부 영역(19) 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400b)에 의해 상기 내부 영역(18) 내에서도 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며, 상기 외부 영역(19) 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400b)에 의해 상기 내부 영역(18) 내에서도 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 된다.
도 1의 냉각기의 경우, 외부 영역(19)에서 흐르는 냉매는 분리기(400a)에 부딪히게 되며, 또한 분리기(400a)에 의해 내부 영역(18)에서 냉매 흐름 방향이 바뀌게 된다. 예를 들어 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 외부 영역(19) 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 분리기(400a)에 의해 내부 영역(18) 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 된다. 이와 같이 냉매가 분리기(400a)에 충돌하고 흐름 방향이 바뀌게 되면 냉매의 흐름 속도가 저하되며 냉매 효율이 떨어지게 된다. 또한, 냉매 순환 속도를 효과적으로 제어할 수 없다. 따라서 냉각 수단의 분리기를 도 2의 분리기(400b)와 같이 구성하여 냉매의 흐름 방향을 유지하는 것이 바람직하다.
도 2의 분리기(400b)의 구조는 도 5를 참조하여 구체적으로 설명될 것이다.
도 3은 도 1의 냉각 수단의 변형예를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 1과 달리, 도 3의 냉각 수단의 유입구(500)는 제1 격벽(100)과 상기 제2 격벽(200) 사이에 배치되고, 유출구(600)는 제2 격벽(200)과 제3 격벽(300)에 배치된다.
도 1과 마찬가지로, 분리기(400a)는 상기 제1 영역(A)과 상기 제3 영역(C)을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역(B)과 상기 제4 영역(D)을 연결할 수 있다.
냉매는 유입구(500)를 통해 유체 채널의 내부 영역(18)에 유입될 수 있다. 유입된 냉매는 제1 격벽(100)과 제2 격벽(200)을 따라 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름으로 나누어진다. 상기 두 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400a)에 의해 서로 간의 충돌이나 섞임 없이 외부 영역(19)으로 유입될 수 있다. 구체적으로, 제3 영역(C)에서 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400a)에 의해 제1 영역(A)으로 유입되며, 제4영역(D)에서 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400a)에 의해 제2영역(B)으로 유입된다. 외부 영역(19)으로 유입된 냉매는 유출구(600)를 통해 배출될 수 있다.
도 4a는 도 1 및 도 3의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기(400a)의 일례이며, 도 4b는 도 4a의 분리기(400a)가 유체 채널에 설치된 모습을 나타낸다.
분리기(400a)는 몸체(401a), 제1 채널(402a) 및 제2 채널(403a)을 포함할 수 있다.
제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)은 몸체(401a)의 대향 측면(좌측면, 우측면)에 위치하며, 몸체(401a)에 오목부를 형성할 수 있다. 한편 제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)의 구조는 도 4에 도시된 것에 한정되지 않는다. 예를 들어, 제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)은 평평한 표면을 갖는 오목부로 도시되어 있지만, 대안적으로 둥근 표면을 갖는 오목부일 수 있다.
도 4b를 참조하면, 제1 영역(A)과 제3 영역(C)은 분리기(400a)의 제1 채널(402a)을 통해 연결될 수 있으며, 제2 영역(B)과 제4 영역(D)은 분리기(400a)의 제2 채널(403a)을 통해 연결될 수 있다.
제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)은 서로 만나지 않을 수 있다. 이로써, 상기 분리기(400a)는 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 서로 충돌하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 도 1및 도 4b에서, 외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 각각 제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)을 통해 충돌이나 섞임 없이 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되어 서로 다른 방향으로 흐르며, 유출구(600)를 통해 배출될 수 있다.
도 4b는 냉매가 상기 제1 채널(402a)과 제2 채널(403a)을 통해 외부 영역(19)에서 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되는 모습을 나타낸다.
분리기(400a)는 외부 영역(19)과 내부 영역(18)에 걸쳐 배치될 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(400a)는 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)에서 상기 제1 격벽(100)까지 연장한다. 상기 몸체(401a)는 제2 격벽(200)과 함께 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 서로 섞이는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
도 5a 내지 도 5d는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기를 서로 다른 방향에서 바라본 모습을 도시한다. 도 5a 는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기(400b)를 우측 위에서 바라본 사시도이며, 도 5b는 분리기(400b)를 좌측 위에서 바라본 사시도이며, 도 5c는 분리기(400b)를 아래에서 바라본 사시도이다.
분리기(400b)는 몸체(401b), 제1 부재(111), 제2 부재(222), 제3 부재(333), 제4 부재(444), 제1 채널(402b) 및 제2 채널(403b)을 포함할 수 있다.
상기 제1 부재(111) 내지 상기 제4 부재(444)는 별도로 제작되어 몸체(401b)에 부착되거나, 또는 몸체(401b)와 일체형으로 구성될 수 있다.
상기 제1 채널(402b)은 상기 제1 부재(111) 및 상기 제2 부재(222)에 의해 형성될 수 있다. 상기 제2 채널(403b)은 상기 제3 부재(333) 및 상기 제4 부재(444)에 의해 형성될 수 있다.
제1 채널(402b)은 제1 영역과 제3 영역을 연결하도록 구성되며, 제2 채널(403b)은 제2 영역과 제 4 영역을 연결하도록 구성된다. 즉, 분리기(400b)의 제1 채널(402b)을 통해 제1 영역과 제3 영역이 연결될 수 있으며, 분리기(400b)의 제2 채널(403b)을 통해 제2 영역과 제 4 영역이 연결될 수 있다.
제1 채널(402b)과 제2 채널(403b)은 서로 만나지 않을 수 있다. 예를 들어, 제1 채널(402b)과 제2 채널(403b)은 몸체(401b)의 대향 측면(상부면, 하부면)에 위치할 수 있다.
구체적으로, 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 제1 부재(111) 및 상기 제2 부재(222)는 상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되며, 이에 따라, 제1 채널(402b)은 분리기(400b)의 상부에 형성될 수 있다. 상기 제3 부재(333) 및 상기 제4 부재(444)는 상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되며, 이에 따라, 제2 채널(403b)은 분리기(400b)의 하부에 형성될 수 있다. 이로써, 상기 분리기(400b)는 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 서로 충돌하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 한편 제1 채널(402b)과 제2 채널(403b)의 구조는 도 5에 도시된 것에 한정되지 않는다. 예를 들어, 제1 채널(402b)과 제2 채널(403b)은 경사진 구조를 가질 수 있다.
도 2 및 도 5를 참조하면, 외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름 중 하나는 분리기(400b)의 상부에 있는 제1 채널(402b)을 통해 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되며, 나머지 하나는 분리기(400b)의 하부에 있는 제2 채널(403b)을 통해 내부 영역(18)으로 유입될 수 있다. 즉, 외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 각각 분리기(400b)의 상부 및 하부를 통해 충돌이나 섞임 없이 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되어 서로 다른 방향으로 흐르며, 유출구(600)를 통해 배출될 수 있다. 도 5d는 냉매가 상기 제1 채널(402b)과 제2 채널(403b)을 통해 외부 영역(19)에서 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되는 모습을 나타낸다.
도 6a 및 도 6b는 도 2의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기(400b)의 사시도로, 분리기(400b)의 몸체, 제1 부재(111), 제2 부재(222), 제3 부재(333), 제4 부재(444), 제1 채널, 제2 채널 및 격벽들의 상호 배치 관계를 보여주는 도면이다.
도 2 및 도 6을 참조하면, 몸체는 외부 영역(19)과 내부 영역(18)에 걸쳐 배치될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 몸체는 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)에서 상기 제1 격벽(100)까지 연장할 수 있다.
상기 분리기(400b)의 상부에 형성된 제1 부재(111)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 위치할 수 있다. 상기 분리기(400b)의 상부에 형성된 제2 부재(222)는 상기 제1 격벽(100)과 상기 제2 격벽(200) 사이에 위치할 수 있다. 상기 분리기(400b)의 하부에 형성된 제3 부재(333)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 위치할 수 있다. 상기 분리기(400b)의 하부에 형성된 제4 부재(444)는 상기 제1 격벽(100)과 상기 제2 격벽(200) 사이에 위치할 수 있다.
제1 영역(A)의 냉매가 제2 채널(403b)을 통해 흐르는 냉매와 섞이는 것을 방지하기 위해, 그리고 제2 영역(B)의 냉매가 제1 채널(402b)을 통해 흐르는 냉매와 섞이는 것을 방지하기 위해, 제2 부재(222)와 제3 부재(333) 사이의 영역(도 5a에서 참조번호 X로 표시됨)과 제1 부재(111)와 제4 부재(444) 사이의 영역(도 5b에서 참조번호 Y로 표시됨)은 차단되어야 한다. 이를 위해, 상기 제2 격벽(200)은 X 영역과 Y 영역을 덮도록 배치될 수 있다. X 영역과 Y 영역을 완전히 차단하기 위해, X 영역의 폭(x)과 Y 영역의 폭(y)은 제2 격벽(200)의 두께(w3) 보다 작거나 같을 수 있다. 이 경우, 상기 제1 부재(111), 상기 제2 부재(222), 상기 제3 부재(333) 및 상기 제4 부재(444) 각각의 일면은 제2 격벽(200)과 접촉할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 상기 제2 격벽(200)은 제1 영역(A)에서는 제3 부재(333)의 일면과 접촉하며, 제2 영역(B)에서는 제1 부재(111)의 일면과 접촉하고, 제3 영역(C)에서는 제4 부재(444)와 접촉하고, 제4 영역(D)에서는 제2 부재(222)와 접촉할 수 있다. 이로써, 상기 분리기(400b)는 제2 격벽(200)과 함께 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 섞이는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
분리기(400b)의 길이(l)는 제1 격벽(100)과 제3 격벽(300) 사이의 거리보다 작거나 같을 수 있다. 선택적인 실시예에서, 도 6a에 도시된 바와 같이, 분리기(400b)의 길이(l)는 제1 격벽(100)과 제3 격벽(300) 사이의 거리와 동일할 수 있다. 이 경우, 제1 부재(111) 및 제3 부재(333)는 상기 제3 격벽(300)과 접촉할 수 있으며, 제2 부재(222) 및 제4 부재(444)는 상기 제1 격벽(100)과 접촉할 수 있다. 이를 통해, 분리기(400b)는 제1 격벽(100)과 제3 격벽(300)과 함께 내부 영역과 외부 영역 각각에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 섞이는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 제1 영역(A)에서 흐르는 냉매가 분리기(400b)의 측면을 통해 제2 영역(B)으로 흐르는 것을 방지할 수 있으며, 제3 영역(C)에서 흐르는 냉매가 제4 영역(D)으로 흐르는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
제1 부재(111) 및/또는 제2 부재(222)는 냉각 수단의 덮개(미도시)와 접촉할 수 있다. 이를 통해, 분리기(400b)는 냉각 수단의 덮개(미도시)와 함께 내부 영역(18)과 외부 영역(19) 각각에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 섞이는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 제1 영역(A)에서 흐르는 냉매가 분리기(400b)의 상부를 통해 제2 영역(B)으로 흐르는 것을 방지할 수 있으며, 제3 영역(C)에서 흐르는 냉매가 제4 영역(D)으로 흐르는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
유체의 연속 방정식은 하기 수학식 1과 같은 식이며, 질량보존의 법칙으로부터 유도될 수 있다. 연속 방정식으로부터 단면적이 커지면 유속이 느려지고 단면적이 작아지면 유속이 빨라진다는 것을 알 수 있다.
[수학식 1]
Q = A1 x V1 = A2 x V2
여기서 Q는 유량, A1은 제1 지점에서의 단면적, V1은 제1 지점에서의 유속, A2는 제2 지점에서의 단면적, V2는 제2 지점에서의 유속이다.
도 6a의 선택적인 실시예에서, 제3 격벽(300)과 제2 격벽(200) 간의 거리(w1)와 제2 격벽(200)과 제1 격벽(100) 간의 거리(w2)는 동일할 수 있다. 제1 격벽(100), 제2 격벽(200), 제3 격벽(300)의 높이는 h로 같을 수 있다. 이 경우, 외부 영역의 단면적(w1 x h)과 내부 영역의 단면적(w2 x h)이 동일하므로, 연속 방정식에 의해, 외부 영역에서의 유체 속도(vo)와 내부 영역에서의 유체 속도(vi)가 동일할 수 있다(∵vo/vi = (w2 x h)/ (w1 x h) = 1). 이는 반응기 상부를 보다 균일하게 냉각시킬 수 있게 한다.
도 6b의 선택적인 실시예에서, 상기 제1 부재(111)의 높이(h1), 상기 제2 부재(222)의 높이(h2), 상기 제3 부재(333)의 높이(h3), 상기 제4 부재(444)의 높이(h4)는 동일할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 제1 채널은 일정한 폭(즉, w4 = w4')을 가질 수 있다. 제2 채널은 일정한 폭(즉, w5 = w5')을 가질 수 있다. 상기 제1 채널의 폭(w4)과 상기 제2 채널의 폭(w5)은 동일할 수 있다. 이 경우, 유체의 연속 방정식에 의해, 분리기(400b)를 통과하기 전의(즉, 제1 영역(A) 및 제2 영역(B)에서의) 냉매의 흐름 속도(v1)와 분리기(400b)를 통과한 후의(즉, 제3 영역(C) 및 제4 영역(D)에서의) 냉매의 흐름 속도(v2)가 동일할 수 있다(∵v1/v2 = (h2 * w4')/ (h1 * w4) = (h3 * w5) / (h4 * w5') = 1). 이는 냉매 순환 속도를 보다 쉽게 제어할 수 있게 한다.
도 7은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다. 이 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단은 전술한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 변형일 수 있다. 이하 실시예들간 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
도7a를 참조하면, 냉각 수단은 제1 격벽(100), 상기 제1 격벽(100)을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽(200), 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽(300), 분리기(400c), 유입구(500) 및 유출구(600)를 포함할 수 있다.
상기 분리기(400c)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이의 공간을 제1 영역(A)과 제2 영역(B)으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이의 공간을 제3 영역(C)과 제4 영역(D)으로 분리할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(400c)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)과 상기 제1 격벽(100) 사이에서 연장하도록 구성된다.
도 2의 분리기(400b)와 달리, 분리기(400c)는 상기 제1영역(A)과 상기 제3영역(C)을 연결할 수 있다.
이와 같은 구성으로 인해, 도 7a의 분리기(400c)는 유체 채널을 따라 흐르는 냉매의 방향을 바꾸지 않을 수 있다. 예를 들어, 도 7a에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 외부 영역(19) 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기(400c)에 의해 제1영역(A)에서 제3 영역(C)으로 유입되고 상기 내부 영역(18) 내에서도 시계 방향으로 흐르게 된다. 냉매의 흐름 방향을 유지함으로써 냉매 순환 속도를 유지할 수 있다.
도 7a의 분리기(400c)의 구조는 도 8을 참조하여 구체적으로 설명될 것이다.
도 7b는 도 7a의 냉각 수단의 변형예를 개략적으로 나타낸다.
도 7a와 달리, 도 7b의 냉각 수단은 두 개의 유입구(500a, 500b)와 두 개의 유출구(600a, 600b), 그리고 두 개의 분리기(400c, 400c')를 포함할 수 있다. 도 7b에 도시된 바와 같이, 두 개의 유입구들(500a, 500b)을 통해 유입된 두 냉매 흐름은 각각 분리기(400c, 400c')에 의해 충돌이나 섞임 없이 내부 영역(18)으로 유입되어 유출구들(600a, 600b)을 통해 배출될 수 있다.
도 8a는 도 7의 냉각 수단에 사용된 분리기(400c)의 사시도이다. 도 8b는 유체 채널에 도 7의 분리기(400c)가 설치된 모습을 나타낸다. 이 실시예들에 따른 분리기는 전술한 실시예들에 따른 분리기의 변형일 수 있다. 이하 실시예들간 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
분리기(400c)는 몸체(401c), 제1 부재(405c) 및 제2 부재(406c)를 포함할 수 있다. 제1 부재(405c) 및 제2 부재(406c)는 채널(402c)을 형성할 수 있다.
상기 제1 부재(405c) 및 상기 제2 부재(406c)는 별도로 제작되어 몸체(401c)에 부착되거나, 또는 몸체(401c)와 일체형으로 구성될 수 있다.
도 8b를 참조하면, 제1 영역(A)과 제3 영역(C)은 분리기(400c)의 채널(402c)을 통해 연결될 수 있다.
몸체(401c)는 외부 영역과 내부 영역에 걸쳐 배치될 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 몸체(401c)는 제2 격벽(200)을 관통하여 상기 제3 격벽(300)에서 상기 제1 격벽(100)까지 연장할 수 있다.
상기 제1 부재(405c)는 상기 제2 격벽(200)과 상기 제3 격벽(300) 사이에 위치할 수 있다. 상기 제2 부재(406c)는 상기 제1 격벽(100)과 상기 제2 격벽(200) 사이에 위치할 수 있다.
상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 섞이는 것을 방지하기 위해, 예를 들어 제1 영역(A)의 냉매가 제4 영역(D)의 냉매와 섞이는 것을 방지하기 위해, 제1영역(A)의 냉매가 제2 영역(B)의 냉매와 섞이는 것을 방지하기 위해, 상기 제1 부재(405c) 및 상기 제2 부재(406c) 각각의 일면은 제2 격벽(200)과 접촉할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 도 8b에 도시된 바와 같이, 제2 격벽(200)은 제4 영역(D)에서 제2 부재(406c)의 일면과 접촉하며, 제2 영역(B)에서 제1 부재(405c)의 일면과 접촉할 수 있다. 이로써, 상기 분리기(400c)는 제2 격벽(200)과 함께 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 냉매가 섞이는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
선택적인 실시예에서, 상기 제1 부재(405c)의 높이(h11) 및 상기 제2 부재(406c)의 높이(h22)는 동일할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 채널(402c)은 일정한 폭(Wc)을 가질 수 있다. 이 경우, 연속 방정식에 의해, 분리기(400c)를 통과하기 전의 냉매의 흐름 속도(v1)와 분리기(400c)를 통과한 후 냉매의 흐름 속도(v2)가 동일할 수 있다(∵v1/v2 = (h22 * Wc )/ (h11 * Wc)). 이는 냉매 순환 속도를 보다 쉽게 제어할 수 있게 한다.
도 9a 및 도 9b는 각각 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 외관 및 투시도이며, 도 9c는 이러한 냉각 수단에서의 냉매 흐름 경로를 도시한다.
도 9a를 참조하면, 냉각 수단(2)은 냉매가 흐르는 유체 채널(9)과 유체 채널(9)을 덮는 덮개(10)를 포함할 수 있다. 냉매는 유체일 수 있으며, 특히 기체일 수 있다. 반응 기체 유입구(3)는 상기 냉각 수단(2)을 관통할 수 있다.
유체 채널(9)에는 하나 이상의 환형의 그루브들(groove, 11)이 일정 간격으로 배치될 수 있다. 상기 그루브들은 냉매의 흐름 방향을 정의할 수 있다. 또한 하나 이상의 그루브들(11)은 냉매와 유체 채널(9) 간의 접촉 면적을 증가시켜 반응기(4) 상부, 특히 기체 공급 수단(5)을 보다 효과적으로 냉각시킬 수 있다(도 16 참조).
상기 덮개(10)는 유체 채널(9)로 냉매(예를 들어, 공기)를 공급하는 유입구(12)를 포함할 수 있다. 유입구(12)는 냉매 유입 장치(14)와 연결될 수 있다. 사용되는 냉매가 기체인 경우, 상기 냉매 유입 장치(14)는 팬(fan) 또는 그에 상응하는 장치일 수 있다. 다른 실시예에서, 액체 냉매를 사용하는 경우, 상기 냉매 유입 장치(14)는 액체 공급 장치(liquid supplier)일 수 있다.
또한 상기 덮개(10)는 냉매를 배출하도록 구성된 유출구(13)를 포함할 수 있다. 이 경우, 냉매는 유체 채널(9)의 그루브(11)를 따라 반응기를 냉각한 후 유출구(13)를 통해 배출될 수 있다. 유출구(13)는 냉매 유출 장치(미도시)와 연결될 수 있다. 상기 냉매 유출 장치는 팬 또는 그에 상응하는 장치일 수 있다.
선택적이거나 추가적인 예에서, 유입구(12)에 연결된 팬과 유출구(13)에 연결된 팬은 서로 반대 방향으로 회전하면서 냉각 수단(2) 내의 냉매의 흐름을 더욱 촉진할 수 있고, 냉매 효율을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있다. 예를 들어 유입구(12)에 연결된 팬과 유출구(13)에 연결된 팬은 서로 반대 방향으로 회전하면서 냉각 수단(2) 내의 냉매 흐름을 층류(laminar flow)화 할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 반응기 상부의 냉각 효율을 보다 효과적으로 제어할 수 있다.
선택적이거나 추가적인 예에서, 유입구(12)에 연결된 팬과 유출구(13)에 연결된 팬은 동일한 회전 속도를 가져서 냉각 수단(2) 내의 냉매의 흐름을 더욱 촉진할 수 있다. 또는 유출구(13)에 연결된 팬의 회전속도를 유입구(12)에 연결된 팬의 회전속도 보다 빠르게 함으로써 유체채널에 공급된 냉매의 유출속도를 가속화할 수 있고, 반응기 상부의 냉각 효율을 더욱 효과적으로 제어할 수 있다. 혹은 반대로 유출구(13)에 연결된 팬의 회전 속도를 유입구(12)에 연결된 팬의 회전속도 보다 느리게 함으로써 유체 채널내에서 냉매가 머무는 시간을 늘릴 수 있고, 따라서 반응기 상부의 온도가 일정하게 유지되도록 냉각 효율을 제어할 수도 있다.
상기 냉매 유입 장치(14) 및 냉매 유출 장치(미도시)는 각각 유입구(12) 및 유출구(13)와 직접 연결될 수 있다. 다른 실시예에서, 상기 냉매 유입 장치(14) 및 냉매 유출 장치(미도시)는 각각 유입구(12) 및 유출구(13)와 이격되어 있고 냉매 이송관(coolant delivery line)으로 연결될 수 있다.
상기 유체 채널(9)의 상부에는 절연체(9-1)가 더 배치되어 고온 공정에서 상기 유체 채널(9)로부터 작업자에게 열이 전달되는 위험을 방지할 수 있다.
유체 채널(9)의 일면에는 전술된 바와 같은 또는 후술되는 바와 같은 분리기(20)가 배치될 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기는 도 5에 도시된 분리기(400b)일 수 있다.
도 9b는 도7a의 냉각 수단(2)의 투시도(perspective view)이며 냉각 수단의 내부 모습을 보여준다. 도 9b에 따르면, 냉각 수단의 덮개(10)는 그 일면에 적어도 하나의 냉매 유도 플레이트(coolant guide plate, 15), 제1 격벽(16) 및 제2 격벽(17)을 포함할 수 있다.
상기 냉매 유도 플레이트(15)는 유입구(12)를 통해 유입되는 냉매를 유체 채널(9)의 그루브(11)로 유도하며 유체 채널 내에서 냉매가 흐르는 방향을 정의하도록 구성될 수 있다. 도 9c을 참조하면, 냉매 유도 플레이트(15)에 의해 냉매가 서로 다른 방향으로 유체 채널(9)로 공급됨을 알 수 있다. 전술한 바와 같이, 서로 다른 방향으로 흐르는 이러한 냉매 흐름은 기체 공급 수단이 불균형하게 냉각되는 것을 방지할 것이다.
상기 제1 격벽(16)은 두 방향으로 유입되는 냉매가 혼합되는 것을 방지하도록 구성될 수 있다. 도시된 실시예에서, 상기 제1 격벽(16)은 두 개의 유입구들(12) 사이에 배치되어, 두 개의 유입구들(12)을 통해 두 방향으로 유입되는 냉매가 혼합되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
상기 제2 격벽(17)은 유체 채널(9)을 두 개의 영역, 즉 내부 영역(18)과 외부 영역(19)으로 분리할 수 있다.
유체 채널(9)의 일면에는 분리기(20)가 배치될 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 분리기(20)는 도 5에 도시된 분리기(400b)일 수 있다. 이 경우, 유체 채널(9)의 외부 영역(19)에서 그루브(11)를 따라 흐르는 냉매는 상기 분리기(20)에 의해 내부 영역(18)으로 유도될 수 있다. 특히, 상기 분리기(20)는 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이 상/하 두 개의 층으로 되어 있어, 외부 영역(19)에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 충돌하지 않고 내부 영역(18)으로 유입될 수 있게 한다.
상기 내부 영역(18)에서 그루브(11)를 따라 흐르는 냉매는 상기 유출구(13)를 통해 외부로 배출될 수 있다.
도 10a 및 도 10b는 도 9의 냉각 수단(2)의 덮개(10)를 개략적으로 나타낸다. 도 10a는 덮개(10)의 전면도이며, 도 10b는 덮개(10)의 후면도이다.
도 10a 및 도 10b를 참조하면, 덮개(10)는 유입구(12), 유출구(13), 냉매 유도 플레이트(15), 제1 격벽(16) 및 제2 격벽(17)을 포함할 수 있다.
도 10에서는 2개의 유입구(12)와 1개의 유출구(13)가 배치되어 있으나, 본 발명은 이에 제한되지 않음에 유의한다. 예를 들어, 1개의 유입구(12)와 2 개의 유출구(13)가 배치될 수 있다.
상기 냉매 유도 플레이트(15)는 유입구(12) 부근에 배치되어 유입구(12)를 통해 유입되는 냉매를 유체 채널로 유도하며, 유체 채널 내에서 냉매가 흐르는 방향을 정의하도록 구성될 수 있다.
전술한 바와 같이, 상기 제1 격벽(16)은 두 개의 유입구들(12) 사이에 배치되어, 두 개의 유입구들(12)을 통해 두 방향으로 유입되는 냉매가 혼합되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.
도 10b에 도시된 바와 같이, 제2 격벽(17)은 분리기(20)가 내부 영역(18)과 외부 영역(19)에 걸쳐 연장할 수 있도록 빈 공간(Z)을 형성할 수 있다.
도 11은 도 9의 냉각 수단(2)을 포함하는 기체 공급 수단(5)의 횡단면도이다. 도 11을 참조하면, 냉각 수단(2)의 덮개(10)의 제2 격벽(17)에 의해 유체 채널(9)이 내부 영역(18)과 외부 영역(19)으로 나누어지는 것을 볼 수 있다.
냉각 수단(2)은 기체 공급 수단(5)의 상부에 설치될 수 있다. 도 11의 냉각 수단(2)의 각 부분에 대한 구체적인 설명은 도 9 및 도 10과 관련하여 상술되었으므로 생략하기로 한다.
도 12는 덮개가 덮여지기 전의 도 11의 냉각 수단의 사시도이다. 도 12a는 분리기가 설치되기 전의 모습을 나타내며, 도 12b는 유체 채널에 분리기(20)가 설치된 모습을 나타낸다.
도 12를 참조하면, 유체 채널에는 하나 이상의 환형의 그루브들이 일정 간격으로 배치되어 있다. 도 12의 냉각 수단의 각 부분에 대한 구체적인 설명은 도 9 및 도 10과 관련하여 상술되었으므로 생략하기로 한다.
본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따르면, 냉각 효율, 온도 분포가 균일하지 않은 점 등을 고려하여, 냉매 유도 플레이트, 격벽, 분리기, 유입구, 유출구 등의 개수 및 배치 형태 등을 다양화할 수 있으며, 이로써 냉각 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이와 관련하여, 도 13 내지 도 15를 참조하여 더 자세히 설명할 것이다.
도 13a 및 도 13b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단에 흐르는 냉매의 다양한 흐름 방향을 개략적으로 나타낸다. 도 13에 따르면, 냉매 유도 플레이트(15), 제1 격벽(16), 분리기(20), 유입구(12) 및 유출구(13)의 개수 및/또는 배치 형태를 변경함으로써 다양한 냉매의 흐름을 구현할 수 있다.
첫 번째 예로서, 냉각 수단은 도 13a에 도시된 바와 같이 도 5의 분리기(400b)를 포함할 수 있다. 이 예에서, 냉매는 두 개의 유입구(12)를 통해 유체 채널의 내부 영역(18)에 먼저 유입된다. 냉매는 냉매 유도 플레이트(15) 및/또는 제1 격벽(16)에 의해 내부 영역의 그루브(미도시)를 따라 서로 다른 방향으로 흐른다. 내부 영역(18)에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 분리기(400b; 도 5a 참조)의 제2 채널(403b)을 거쳐 외부 영역(19)에서 시계 방향으로 흐른다. 내부 영역(18)에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 분리기(400b)의 제1 채널(402b)을 거쳐 외부 영역(19)에서 반시계 방향으로 흐른다. 외부 영역(19)에서 서로 다른 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 유출구(13)를 통해 배출된다. 이 예에 의하면, 기체 공급 수단의 좌측과 우측 냉각의 불균형을 방지할 수 있고, 온도 균일성이 보장될 수 있다. 또한, 상술한 바와 같이, 분리기(400b; 도 5a 참조)에 의해 냉매의 흐름 방향이 변경되지 않기 때문에 냉매의 속도가 저하되지 않으며, 이로써, 냉매 순환을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있다.
두 번째 예로서, 냉각 수단은 도 13b에 도시된 바와 같이 도 4의 분리기(400a) 또는 격벽 구조의 분리기를 포함할 수 있다. 이 예에서, 냉매는 두 개의 유입구(12)를 통해 유체 채널의 외부 영역(19)에 먼저 유입된다. 냉매는 냉매 유도 플레이트(15) 및/또는 제1 격벽(16)에 의해 외부 영역의 그루브(미도시)를 따라 서로 다른 방향으로 흐른다. 외부 영역(19)에서 흐르는 냉매는 분리기(400a; 도 4 참조)에 의해 내부 영역(18)의 그루브를 따라 흐른 후 유출구(13)를 통해 배출된다.
도 14a 및 도 14b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다. 이 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단은 전술한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 변형일 수 있다. 이하 실시예들간 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
도 14a및 도 14b에 따르면, 냉각 수단은 제1 격벽(16), 제2 격벽(17), 제3 격벽(25), 제1 분리기(20) 및 제2 분리기(24)를 포함할 수 있다. 상기 제3 격벽(25)은 상기 제2 격벽(17)과 반응 기체 유입구(3) 사이에 배치되어 유체 채널을 제1 내부 영역(18)과 제2 내부 영역(26)으로 분리할 수 있다.
냉매는 유입구(12)를 통해 유체 채널의 외부 영역(19)에 먼저 유입된다. 냉매는 냉매 유도 플레이트(15) 및/또는 제1 격벽(16)에 의해 외부 영역의 그루브(미도시)를 따라 서로 다른 방향으로 흐른다. 외부 영역(19)에서 서로 반대 방향으로 흐르는 냉매는 제1 분리기(20)에 의해 서로간의 충돌 없이 제1 내부 영역(18)으로 유도된다. 제1 내부 영역(18)으로 유도되어 서로 반대방향으로 흐르는 냉매는 제2 분리기(24)에 의해 서로 충돌 없이 제2 내부 영역(26)으로 유도되며, 이후 냉매는 유출구(13)를 통해 배출된다.
도 14의 냉각 수단은 전술한 냉각 수단들에 비해 제3 격벽(25)과 제2 분리기(24)를 더 포함함으로써 유체 채널(9) 내부에서 냉매를 한 번 더 순환시킬 수 있으며, 반응기 상부를 보다 균일하게 냉각시킬 수 있다.
도 14를 통해 알 수 있듯이, 분리기(20), 격벽의 개수 및/또는 배치 형태를 변경함으로써 다양한 냉매의 흐름을 구현할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 고온 공정에서의 반응기 상부의 냉각 효율을 보다 향상시킬 수 있다.
도 15a 및 도 15b는 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 또 다른 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 상면도를 개략적으로 나타낸다. 이 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단은 전술한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 변형일 수 있다. 이하 실시예들간 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
도 15의 냉각 수단은 유출구(13)와 유출구(13)에 연결된 냉매 유출 장치(미도시) 없이 유입구와 냉매 유입 장치(14, 14') 만으로 냉매를 순환시킬 수 있다. 구체적으로, 유출구(13)가 없는 대신 두 개의 냉매 유입 장치(14, 14'), 가령 팬의 회전 방향을 서로 반대로 함으로써 냉매를 외부 영역(19)과 내부 영역(18)에서 순환시킬 수 있다. 즉, 두 개의 팬들 중 하나의 팬을 통해 냉매를 유입하고 나머지 하나의 팬을 통해 유출하면서 반응기 상부를 냉각시킬 수 있다. 선택적이거나 추가적인 예에서, 두 개의 팬들의 회전 방향을 주기적으로 서로 변경하면서 반응기 상부를 냉각시킬 수 있다(cycling cooling). 본 실시예는 전술한 냉각 수단들에 동일하게 적용될 수 있다.
도 16은 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단이 설치된 기판 처리 장치의 개략적인 단면도이다. 본 명세서에서 설명된 기판 처리 장치의 예로서 반도체 또는 디스플레이 기판의 증착 장치를 들 수 있으나, 본 발명은 이에 제한되지 않음에 유의한다. 기판 처리 장치는 박막 형성을 위한 물질의 퇴적을 수행하는데 필요한 여하의 장치일 수도 있고, 물질의 식각 내지 연마를 위한 원료가 균일하게 공급되는 장치를 지칭할 수도 있다. 이하에서는 편의상 기판 처리 장치가 반도체 증착 장치임을 전제로 설명하기로 한다.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 기판 처리 장치는 챔버(1), 다수의 반응기(4), 기체 공급 수단(5), 기판 지지대(6), 반응 기체 유입구(3), 냉각 수단(2) 및 배기 수단(8)을 포함할 수 있다. 도 16에서 챔버(1)는 챔버(1) 상부에 배치된 탑리드, 챔버의 옆면 및 하부면을 이루는 외벽, 그리고 그 사이의 내부 공간(I)으로 이루어져 있다.
도 16을 참조하면, 챔버(1) 상부면에 복수개의 반응기(4)가 설치되어 있다. 상기 반응기(4)는 ALD(Atomic Layer Deposition) 또는 CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition) 공정이 진행되는 반응기일 수 있다.
기판 지지대(6)는 기체 공급 수단(5)과 대응하여 배치되며, 기체 공급 수단(5)과 함께 반응 공간(R)을 형성하도록 구성될 수 있다. 기판 지지대(6)와 기체 공급 수단(5)이 서로 접하지 않고 개방형 반응 공간(R)을 형성하는 경우, 반응 기체는 내부 공간(I)에 연결된 배기 수단(8)을 통해 배기될 수 있다. 내부 공간(I)은 배기 수단(8)을 통해 항상 외부 대기보다 낮은 압력 상태를 유지한다. 상기 배기 수단(8)은 예를 들어 배기 펌프일 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 상기 기판 처리 장치는 하단 배기 구조를 가지지만, 이에 제한되는 것은 아니다.
도 16은 기판 지지대(6)와 기체 공급수단(5)이 분리된 개방형 반응기(4)를 도시하고 있으나, 다른 실시예에서, 기판 지지대(6) 또는 반응기 벽이 승강 또는 하강하여 기판 지지대(6)의 주변부와 반응기 벽이 면접촉(face contact) 및 면실링(face sealing)하여 반응 공간(R)을 형성할 수도 있다. 이와 같이 반응기 벽과 반응기 벽이 서로 접하여 폐쇄형 반응 공간을 형성하는 경우, 반응기 자체, 가령 반응기 상부에 별도의 배기수단(미도시)이 구비될 수 있다. 한국 등록특허 KR 624030에 한 실시예가 공개되어 있다.
상기 챔버(1)의 탑리드에는 각각의 반응기의 반응 공간(R)에 기판 지지대(6)를 대면하여 기체 공급 수단(5)이 배치될 수 있다. 기체 공급 수단(5)은 예를 들어 측방향 유동 방식(lateral flow type, 한국 등록특허 KR 624030 참고)의 어셈블리 구조 또는 샤워헤드 방식의 어셈블리 구조로 구현될 수 있다. 각각의 반응기(4)의 상부 또는 기체 공급 수단(5)의 상부에는 냉각 수단(2)이 설치될 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 냉각 수단(2)은 전술한 냉각 수단들 중 하나일 수 있다. 냉각 수단(2)은 별도로 제작되어 반응기(4) 상부 또는 기체 공급 수단(5)의 상부에 배치되거나, 또는 냉각 수단(2)은 반응기(4) 상부 또는 기체 공급 수단(5)과 일체형으로 구성될 수 있다.
반응기(4)의 상부에는 반응 기체 유입구(3)가 배치될 수 있다. 예를 들어 반응 기체 유입구(3)는 반응기의 기체 공급 수단(5)과 연결되어 반응 공간(R)으로 반응 기체를 유입할 수 있다. 예시된 실시예에서, 반응 기체 유입구(3)는 냉각 수단(2)을 관통하여 기체 공급 수단(5)과 연결된다.
반응기 상부에 고주파 플라즈마 생성/공급 장치(미도시)가 추가로 배치되어 반응 공간(R)에서 플라즈마가 생성되거나 반응 공간(R)으로 라디칼이 공급되어 반응 공간(R)에서 플라즈마 공정이 수행될 수 있다.
이상의 구성들 중 일부를 요약하면, 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의한 실시예들에 따른 기판 처리 장치는 다음과 같이 설명될 수 있다.
- 기판 처리 장치는 반응기 상부, 보다 구체적으로는 기체 공급 수단(예를 들어, 샤워헤드)의 온도를 제어할 수 있는 냉각 수단을 포함할 수 있다.
- 상기 냉각 수단은 기체 공급 수단을 균일하게 그리고 효율적으로 냉각시키도록 구성된 분리기를 포함할 수 있다.
- 상기 분리기는 두 냉매 흐름이 서로 간의 충돌이나 섞임 없이 유체 채널을 순환할 수 있게 한다. 냉매 흐름이 서로 섞이지 않음으로써 냉매 순환 속도가 유지될 수 있으며, 냉매 효율이 증가한다.
- 도 5 및 도 8의 분리기는 서로 다른 냉매 흐름이 서로 섞이지 않게 함과 동시에 냉매가 흐름 방향을 유지하면서 유체 채널을 순환할 수 있게 한다. 이로써, 유체 채널 내에서 냉매 순환 속도가 유지될 수 있으며, 냉매 유입 장치를 이용하여 냉매 순환 속도를 보다 쉽게 제어할 수 있다.
- 본 발명의 실시예들에 따른 냉각 수단의 냉매 유도 플레이트, 격벽, 분리기 등의 개수 및 배치 형태 등을 다양화하여 냉각 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있다.
- 본 발명에 따르면, 기체 공급 수단의 온도를 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있다. 이로써 유지보수 작업시 안정성을 강화할 수 있으며 공정의 재현성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한, 고온에서 반응기 부품의 오작동을 방지할 수 있다.
전술한 개시는 냉각 수단을 포함하는 기판 처리 장치의 다수의 예시적인 실시예와 다수의 대표적인 이점을 제공한다. 간결성을 위해, 관련된 특징들의 제한된 개수의 조합들만 설명하였다. 그러나, 임의의 예의 특징이 임의의 다른 예의 특징과 조합될 수 있다는 것이 이해된다. 더욱이, 이들 이점이 비제한적이고 특별한 이점이 임의의 특별한 실시예의 특징이 되지 않거나, 또는 요구되지 않는다는 점이 이해된다.
본 발명을 명확하게 이해시키기 위해 첨부한 도면의 각 부위의 형상은 예시적인 것으로 이해하여야 한다. 도시된 형상 외의 다양한 형상으로 변형될 수 있음에 주의하여야 할 것이다.
이상에서 설명한 본 발명이 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 한정되지 않으며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하다는 것은, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다.
Claims (20)
- 제1 격벽;
제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽;
제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽;
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함하며,
상기 분리기는 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역을 연결하도록 구성되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 분리기는 몸체, 제1 채널 및 제2 채널을 포함하며,
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 분리기의 제1 채널을 통해 연결되고,
상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역은 상기 분리기의 제2 채널을 통해 연결되며,
상기 제1 채널과 상기 제2 채널은 서로 만나지 않는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 제1 채널은 상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되며,
상기 제2 채널은 상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 분리기는 :
몸체;
상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되고 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제1 부재;
상기 분리기의 상부에 형성되고 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제2 부재;
상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되고 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제3 부재;
상기 분리기의 하부에 형성되고 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제4 부재;
상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재에 의해 형성된 제1 채널; 및
상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재에 의해 형성된 제2 채널을 포함하며,
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 제1 채널을 통해 연결되고,
상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역은 상기 제2 채널을 통해 연결되며,
상기 제1 채널과 상기 제2 채널은 서로 만나지 않는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 4에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재, 상기 제2 부재, 상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재 각각의 일면은 상기 제2 격벽과 접촉하는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 4에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제3 부재는 상기 제3 격벽과 접촉하며,
상기 제2 부재 및 상기 제4 부재는 상기 제1 격벽과 접촉하는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 4에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재, 상기 제2 부재, 상기 제3 부재 및 상기 제4 부재의 높이는 동일하며,
상기 제1 채널 및 상기 제2 채널은 일정한 폭을 갖고,
상기 제1 채널의 폭은 상기 제2 채널의 폭과 동일한, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 1 내지 청구항 7 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 냉각 수단은 :
냉매를 유입하는 유입구를 더 포함하며,
상기 유입구가 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한다면 :
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며; 그리고
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며,
상기 유입구가 상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한다면 :
상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며; 그리고
상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이 또는 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 배치되는 하나 이상의 그루브(groove)를 더 포함하는, 냉각 수단. - 적어도 하나의 유입구를 통해 유입되는 냉매가 순환하는 유체 채널;
상기 유체 채널을 제1 영역 및 제2 영역으로 분리하는 격벽; 및
상기 격벽을 관통하고 제1 영역과 제2 영역에서 연장하는 분리기를 포함하며,
상기 적어도 하나의 유입구는 상기 제1 영역으로 냉매를 유입하며,
상기 제1 영역 내에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름이 형성되며,
상기 제1 영역 내에서 상이한 방향으로 흐르는 두 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 서로 간의 충돌이나 섞임 없이 상기 제2 영역으로 유입되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 10에 있어서,
상기 제1 영역 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 영역 내에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며,
상기 제1 영역 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 제2 영역 내에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되는, 냉각 수단. - 제1 격벽;
제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽;
제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽;
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함하며,
상기 분리기는 상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하도록 구성되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 분리기는 몸체 및 채널을 포함하며,
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 분리기의 채널을 통해 연결되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 12에 있어서,
상기 분리기는 :
몸체;
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이에 위치한 제1 부재;
상기 제1 격벽과 상기 제2 격벽 사이에 위치한 제2 부재; 및
상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재에 의해 형성된 채널을 포함하며,
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역은 상기 채널을 통해 연결되는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 14에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재 각각의 일면은 상기 제2 격벽과 접촉하는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 14에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재는 상기 제3 격벽과 접촉하며,
상기 제2 부재는 상기 제1 격벽과 접촉하는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 14에 있어서,
상기 제1 부재 및 상기 제2 부재의 높이는 동일하며,
상기 채널은 일정한 폭을 갖는, 냉각 수단. - 청구항 12 내지 청구항 17 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 영역에서의 냉매 흐름 방향이 시계 방향이라면 :
상기 제1 영역에서 시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기의 채널에 의해 상기 제3 영역에서 시계 방향으로 흐르게 되며,
상기 제1 영역에서의 냉매 흐름 방향이 반시계 방향이라면 :
상기 제1 영역에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르는 냉매 흐름은 상기 분리기의 채널에 의해 상기 제3 영역에서 반시계 방향으로 흐르게 되는, 냉각 수단. - 냉각 수단을 포함하는 기체 공급 수단으로서,
상기 냉각 수단은 :
제1 격벽;
제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽;
제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽;
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함하며,
상기 분리기는 :
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하도록 구성되거나; 또는
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역을 연결하도록 구성되는, 기체 공급 수단. - 탑리드와 외벽으로 둘러싸인 내부 공간을 포함하는 챔버;
상기 탑리드에 배치되며 기체 공급 수단을 포함하는 적어도 하나의 반응기;
상기 챔버의 벽 내에서 상기 반응기에 대향하여 배치된 적어도 하나의 기판 지지대;
상기 반응기와 상기 기판 지지대 사이에 형성된 반응 공간; 및
상기 반응기 상부 또는 상기 기체 공급 수단 상부에 설치되는 냉각 수단을 포함하며,
상기 냉각 수단은 :
제1 격벽;
제1 격벽을 둘러싸는 제2 격벽;
제2 격벽을 둘러싸는 제3 격벽;
상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제3 격벽 사이의 공간을 제1 영역과 제2 영역으로 분리하고, 상기 제2 격벽과 상기 제1 격벽 사이의 공간을 제3 영역과 제4 영역으로 분리하는 분리기를 포함하며,
상기 분리기는 :
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하도록 구성되거나; 또는
상기 제1 영역과 상기 제3 영역을 연결하고 상기 제2 영역과 상기 제4 영역을 연결하도록 구성되는, 기판 처리 장치.
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