JP5751471B2 - 符号分割多元接続(cdma)モデム - Google Patents
符号分割多元接続(cdma)モデム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5751471B2 JP5751471B2 JP2011002332A JP2011002332A JP5751471B2 JP 5751471 B2 JP5751471 B2 JP 5751471B2 JP 2011002332 A JP2011002332 A JP 2011002332A JP 2011002332 A JP2011002332 A JP 2011002332A JP 5751471 B2 JP5751471 B2 JP 5751471B2
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Description
スペクトラム拡散変調は情報信号の送信に必要な帯域幅よりも実質的に大きい帯域幅の信号を生成し、受信信号を同期復調し逆拡散することによって原情報信号を再生する。同期復調器は基準信号を用いて逆拡散回路を入力スペクトラム拡散被変調信号に同期させ、搬送波および情報信号を再生する。この基準信号は、情報信号による変調を受けていない拡散符号で構成できる。
交信を可能にするようにRCSと同等に機能する「主」SUとを有する。その実施例では
、市内電話網への接続はあってもなくても差し支えない。
モデムの各々において、一つ以上のCDMA変調器は、スペクトラム拡散符号系列を発生する動作を行う。また、それらモデムは例えば擬似雑音(PN)スペクトラム拡散符号系列を発生し、直交位相偏移変調(QPSK)信号を同相(I)チャネルおよび直交位相(Q)チャネルに生ずるように複素DS変調する動作を行う。パイロット信号を発生し変調信号とともに送信する。本実施例のこれらパイロット信号はデータによる変調を受けない拡散符号である。パイロット信号は、システム同期、搬送波位相再生、および無線チャネルのインパルス応答の評価に用いられる。各SUは、単一のパイロット発生器と、少なくとも一つのCDMA変調器および復調器、すなわちCDMAモデムとを有する。各RCS104、105、110は単一のパイロット発生器と、すべてのSUが使うすべての論理チャネルに十分なCDMA変調器および復調器とを有する。
従来の「チャネル」はインタフェースの一部であり内容に関係なくそのインタフェースのそれ以外の経路と区別できる通信経路と通常見なされる。しかし、CDMAの場合は互いに別々の通信経路はその内容だけによって互いに区別される。「論理チャネル」という用語は互いに別々のデータストリームを区別するために用いられ、論理的には従来の意味でのチャネルと等価である。本発明における論理チャネルおよびサブチャネルはすべて通常の毎秒64キロシンボル(ksym/s)のQPSKストリームにマップされる。いくつかのチャネルは、システムのグローバルパイロット符号(GPC)と同様に発生しそれと同じ機能をもたらす関連のパイロット符号と同期している。しかし、システムパイロット信号は論理チャネルとはみなされない。
本発明の論理チャネルの符号化に用いるCDMA符号発生器は、この技術分野では周知のとおり、フィードバック論理付きの線形シフトレジスタ(LSR)を用いる。本発明のこの実施例の符号発生器は、64の同期固有系列を発生する。各RF通信チャネルは論理チャネルの複素拡散(同相および直交位相)のためにこれら系列の一対を用い、したがって発生器は32の複素拡散系列を生ずる。系列はシフトレジスタ回路に最初にロードされる一つのシードによって発生される。
本発明の拡散符号周期は、シンボル接続時間の整数倍として定義され、符号周期の始点はシンボルの始点でもある。本発明の実施例に選ばれた帯域幅とシンボル長との関係は次のとおりである。
128×233415=29877120 (1)
拡散符号は周期233415の線形系列と周期128の非線形系列とを合成することによって発生する。
h(x)=x36+x35+x30+x28+x26+x25+x22+x20+x19+x17
+x16+x15+x14+x12+x11+x9+x8+x4+x3+x2+1
(2)
である。
dnモジュロh(x) (3)
で与えられる。nの値を、インクリメント値d=(00,・・・00111)について付録に挙げた。付録に示したnの値と式(2)のh(x)からシードを式(3)により算定できる。
本発明のシステムで用いる長複素拡散符号は符号反復に相続く一定数のチップを有する。拡散符号系列の反復周期をエポックと呼ぶ。論理チャネルをCDMA拡散符号にマッピングするために、本発明はエポック構成およびサブエポック構成を用いる。CDMA拡散符号が論理チャネルを変調する符号周期は29877120チップ/符号周期であり、これはすべての帯域幅に対して同じチップ数である。符号周期が本発明のエポックであり、表3はサポートされたチップ速度に対するエポック持続時間を定義している。また、拡散符号エポックに対し二つのサブエポックを定義し、それらの長さはそれぞれ233415チップおよび128チップである。
符号チップc(n)は入力x(n)およびx(n−1)から論理加算器212によって形成される。図2cは、拡散符号発生器全体を示す。LFSR201からは出力信号が図示のとおり縦続接続された63個までの単一段FF203のチェーンを通過する。各FFの出力は周期128=2Tの短い偶数符号系列C*にオーバーレイされる。この短い符号系列C*は符号メモリ222内に格納され、FF203の供給する系列との合成時にエポックN=29877120を生ずるように擬似ランダム系列のスペクトラム特性を示す。この128の系列は、長さ127=27−1のm系列(PN系列)を用い、この系列に論理0など一つのビット値を付加して長さを128チップに増やすことによって決定される。
偶数符号系列C*は連続して系列を出力する巡回レジスタである偶数符号シフトレジスタ221に入力される。次に、短系列は排他的論理和演算213、214、220を用いて長系列とに合成される。
短符号は、SUがRCSにアクセスするとき初期立上りプロセスで使用される。短符号の周期はシンボル持続時間に等しく、各周期の始点はシンボルの境界と一致させてある。
SUおよびRCSはそのセルのためのグローバル符号を発生する系列発生器の最後の8個のフィードフォワード(FF)部から短符号の実部および虚部を導き出す。
拡散符号系列とCDMA論理チャネルおよびパイロット信号との間の正確な関係を表3aおよび表3bに示す。「−CH」で終わる信号名は論理チャネルに対応する。「−PT」で終わる信号名はパイロット信号に対応し、それらについてはあとで詳述する。
上述のとおり、パイロット信号は同期化、搬送波位相の再生および無線チャネルのインパルス応答の評価に用いる。RCS104は順方向リンクパイロット搬送波基準を複素パイロット符号系列として送信し、そのサービスエリア内のSU111、112、115、117および118すべてに時間基準および位相基準を提供する。グローバルパイロット(GLPT)信号の電力レベルをセルサイズで定まるRCSサービスエリア全体にわたる十分な到達範囲をもたらすように設定する。順方向リンクにパイロット信号一つだけを用いると、パイロットエネルギーによるシステム容量の低下は無視できる。
また、アクセスチャネルに関連するパイロット信号がある。これらは長アクセスチャネルパイロット(LAXPT)と呼ばれる。短アクセスチャネルパイロット(SAXPT)もアクセスチャネルに関連し、拡散符号捕捉および初期電力立上りに使用される。
高速一斉通報チャネル(FBCH)はサービスおよびアクセスチャネル(AXCH)の利用可能性に関する動的情報の一斉通報に使われるグローバル順方向リンクチャネルである。メッセージを連続的に送り、各メッセージは約1ms継続する。FBCHメッセージは16ビット長であり、連続して反復され、エポックと整合している。FBCHは表4に定義するとおりフォーマットしてある。
[拡散符号トラッキング]
マルチパスフェーディング環境で受信マルチパススペクトラム拡散信号の符号位相をトラッキングする三つのCDMA拡散符号トラッキング方法について述べる。第1の方法は出力信号最大値を有する検出器の拡散符号位相をトラッキングするだけの従来技術のトラッキング回路を用い、第2の方法はマルチパス信号群の符号位相の中間値をトラッキングするトラッキング回路を用い、この発明の第3の方法はマルチパス信号成分の最適化した最小二乗加重平均の符号位相をトラッキングする重心トラッキング回路である。受信CDMA信号の拡散符号位相をトラッキングするアルゴリズムについて次に述べる。
g(t)=PTc(t)*hR(t) (7)
である。ここで、hR(t)はチップ整合フィルタのインパルス応答であり、(*)は畳込みを表す。加算の順序は次のとおり書き直すことができる。
従来技術のトラッキング方法は、受信機がチップ波形の整合フィルタ出力の最大値の生じるタイミングを判定して信号を適切にサンプリングしようと試みる符号トラッキング回路を含む。しかし、マルチパスフェーディングチャネルでは、受信機の逆拡散符号波形はとくに移動通信環境で多くの局部的最大値をもち得る。f(t)がチャネルインパルス応答で畳み込まれた拡散符号チップの受信信号波形を表すものとすると、f(t)の形およびこの特性の最大値の生ずる点は迅速に変化し得るので、f(t)の最大値をトラッキングするのは実際的でなくなる。
本発明の一つの実施例の中央値加重トラッキング方法は、次の式で定義される絶対加重誤差を最小にする、すなわち
本発明の一つの実施例のもう一つの拡散符号トラッキング回路は二乗加重(または重心)トラッキング回路と呼ばれる。τをf(t)のある特性に基づきトラッキング回路の計算した時間概算値を表すと定義すると、重心トラッキング回路は次式で定義される二乗加重誤差を最小にする。
トラッキング方法のもう一つの実施例では、トラッキング回路がサンプリング位相をマルチパスに対して「最適」で安定するように調節する。f(t)が式(9)に示したとおりの受信信号波形を表すものとする。この特定の最適化方法は遅延ロックループにこのループ駆動用の誤差信号ε(τ)を加えて開始する。関数ε(τ)は、τ=τ0 においてただ一つの0をとらなければならない。ここでτ0は最適値である。ε(τ)に最適な形成は次式の正準形を備える。
e=yTBy (24)
を行うことによって発生する。ここで、ベクトルyは、図5bに示すとおり受信信号成分yi、i=0、1、・・・、L−1を表す。マトリックスBはL×L行列であり、各要素は等式(23)の比率Fが最大となるように値を計算することによって決定される。
前項のLの値は相関器および加算/ダンプ要素の最小数を決定する。Lはトラッキング回路の機能性を損なうことなく可能な限り小さい値になるように選ぶ。
本発明の一つの実施例はチャネルインパルス応答を概算し、受信マルチパス信号成分のコヒーレント合成のための基準値を生ずるように適応ベクトル相関器(AVC)を用いる。この実施例は、各マルチパス成分に影響を与える複素チャネル応答の概算のために相関器列を用いている。受信機はチャネル応答を補償し、受信マルチパス信号成分をコヒーレントに合成する。この手法は最大比率合成と呼ばれる。
本発明の一つの実施例は受信スペクトラム拡散メッセージ信号中のマルチパス信号成分を最適に合成するように適応整合フィルタ(AMF)を備える。AMFは、サンプリングされたメッセージ信号のシフト値を保持し、それらシフト値をチャネル応答に対する補正ののち合成するタップ付き遅延線である。チャネル応答に対する補正は、パイロットシーケンス信号で動作するAVCで計算されたチャネル応答推定値を用いて行う。AMFの出力信号は最大値を与えるように加算されるマルチパス成分の合成値である。この合成がマルチパス信号受信の歪みに対して補正を行う。種々のメッセージ逆拡散回路がAMFからのこの合成マルチパス成分信号で動作する。
本発明の無線搬送波局(RCS)は、SUと無線配信ユニット(RDU)などの遠隔処理制御回路網要素との間の電話局インタフェースとして作用する。本実施例のRDUへのインタフェースはG.704標準およびDECT V5.1の改良版によるインタフェースに準拠するが、本発明は呼制御チャネルおよびトラフィックチャネルを交換できる任意のインタフェースをサポートできる。RCSは呼制御データおよび32kb/sADPCM、64kb/s PCM、およびISDNなどのトラフィックチャネルデータ、およびシステム構成および保守データなどの情報チャネルをRDUから受ける。また、RCSはSUとのCDMA無線インタフェースベアラチャネルの終端を形成する。これらベアラチャネルは制御データおよびトラフィックチャネルデータの両方を含む。RDUまたはSUからの呼制御データに応答して、RCSはトラフィックチャネルをRF通信リンク上のベアラチャネルに割り当て、SUと電話網との間の通信接続をRDU経由で形成する。
CDMAモデムはCDMA拡散符号系列を発生し送信機と受信機との間の同期をとる。また、CDMAは特定の電力レベルでのスペクトラム拡散および送信に備えて64ksym/秒、32ksym/秒、16ksym/秒および8ksym/秒にそれぞれプログラム可能な四つの全二重チャネル(TR0、TR1、TR2およびTR3)を提供する。CDMAモデムは自動電力制御を可能にするように受信信号強度を測定し、パイロット信号の発生および送信を行い、前向き誤り補正(FEC)用の信号により符号化および復号化を行う。SUの中のモデムはFIRフィルタを用いて送信機拡散符号パルスの整形を行う。CDMAモデムは加入者ユニット(SU)で使われ、以下の説明においてSUのみで使う特徴についてはその旨を明確に指摘する。CDMAモデムの動作周波数を表7に示す。
図12を参照すると、符号発生手段1304は送信同期制御ロジック1401および拡散符号PN発生器1402を含み、送信部1301はモデム入力信号受信装置(MISR)1410と畳込み符号化装置1411、1412、1413および1414と、拡散装置1420、1421、1422、1423および1424と、合成器1430とを含む。送信部1301は、メッセージデータチャネルMESSAGEを受信し、各メッセージデータチャネルをそれぞれの畳込み符号化装置1411、1412、1413、1414において畳込み符号化し、それぞれの拡散装置1420、1421、1422、1423、1424においてランダム拡散符号系列でそれらのデータを変調し、この実施例では符号発生器からの受信パイロット符号を含むすべてのチャネルからの被変調データを合成器1430で合成し、RF送信のためのIおよびQ成分を生ずる。この実施例の送信部1301は、64kb/s、32kb/s、16kb/s、および8kb/sの四つのプログラム可能なチャネル(TR0、TR1、TR2およびTR3)をサポートする。メッセージチャネルデータはPCMインタフェース1220経由でPCMハイウェイ1201から受信された時間多重化信号であり、MISR1410に入力される。
図9および10を参照すると、本実施例のRF受信機950は、VDC940からMIU931、932、933経由でCDMAモデム1210、1211、1212、1215に送信されてきたアナログ入力IおよびQCDMAチャネルを受ける。これらのIおよびQCDMAチャネル信号をCDMAモデム受信部1302(図11に示す)でサンプリングし、図15に示すA−D変換器1730によりIおよびQデジタル受信メッセージ信号に変換する。本発明の実施例のA−D変換器のサンプリング速度は、逆拡散符号速度と等価である。次に、IおよびQデジタル受信メッセージ信号を四つのチャネル(TR0、TR1、TR2およびTR3)の逆拡散符号系列、APC情報およびパイロット符号に対応する六つの互いに異なる複素拡散符号系列を用いて相関器で逆拡散する。
捕捉およびトラッキングアルゴリズムは、受信信号のおおよその符号位相の算定、ローカルモデム受信機逆拡散装置の入来パイロット信号への同期、および受信パイロット符号系列位相のトラッキングのために受信機で用いる。図11および15を参照すると、このアルゴリズムは符号発生器1304にクロック調整信号を供給するモデムコントローラ1303が実行する。これらの調整信号により、逆拡散装置用符号発生器がパイロットレーキ1711の測定出力値および量分位数推算装置1723Bからの量分位数の値に応答してローカル生成符号系列を調整するようにする。量分位数の値はAUXベクトル相関器1712(図15に示す)の出力値からの同相チャネルおよび直交位相チャネルで測定した雑音統計値である。受信機を受信信号に同期させることは初期捕捉段階とトラッキング段階との二つの段階に分けられる。初期捕捉段階は、ローカル生成パイロット拡散符号系列を受信信号の拡散符号速度よりも高速度または低速度でクロックし、ローカル生成パイロット拡散符号系列をスライドさせ、パイロットベクトル相関器1711の出力について逐次確率比率試験(SPRT)を行うことによって達成する。トラッキング段階はローカル生成拡散符号パイロット系列を入来パイロット信号と同期した状態に維持する。
プレトラック期間は二つの部分から成る。第1の部分は符号トラッキングループの引込み時の遅延である。第2の部分は決定ずみの重みづけ係数を生ずるようにAMF重み発生器1722が行うAMFタップ重み計算に伴う遅延である。また、プレトラック期間の第2の部分において、搬送波トラッキングループがSWPLL1724によって引込み可能になり、スカラー量分位数推算が量分位数推算器1723Aで行われる。
/* find bin for Power*/
tmp = SIGMA[0];
for (k=0; k<3; k++){
if (Power
> lambda[k]) tmp = SIGMA[k+1];
}
test_statistic + =
tmp;/*update statistic*/
if (test_statistic >
ACCEPTANCE_THRESTHOLD) you've got ACQ;
else if (test_statistic <
DISMISSAL_THRESHOLD){
forget this
code phase;
} else keep trying - get more statistics;
ただし、lambda[k]は量分位数推算に関して上に定義したとおりであり、SIGMA[k]、ACCPECTANCE_THRESHOLD、DISMISSAL_THRESHOLDは、予め定めた定数である。なお、SIGMA[k]は小さいkの対応の値については負であり、kの正しい値については正であり、許可および拒否しきい値が統計上シンボル何個分のデータが累算されたかの関数ではなく定数となり得るようにしてある。
しかし関数e(τ’)は式(33)で与えられる形に表現できる。
e'(τ)=e(τ)−<e(τ)> (36)
ただし、<e(τ)>は雑音に対するe(τ)の平均である。
ε=yTBy (39)
次に、比例プラス積分のループフィルタおよびVCOの実働化のために、特定の送信チャネルおよび用途についてのシステム性能の最適化をめざしてシステムを構成することにより選択した定数αおよびβについて、以下の計算を行う。
x[n]=x[n−1]+βε
z[n]=z[n−1]+x[n]+αε
ただし、x[n]はループフィルタの積分器出力値であり、z[n]はVCO出力値である。符号位相調整はモデムコントローラが次のC−サブルーチンを実行することによって行う。
if (z>zmx){
delay phase
1/16 chip;
z- = zmax;
} else if (z < -zmax){
advance phase
1/16 chip;
z+ = zmax;
}
ε=yTAy (40)
ただし、yはパイロットAVC1711の11の複素出力レベル値を表す縦ベクトルを表し、AはコヒーレントパイロットAVC出力yで動作を最適化するための予め定めた値を有する11×11対称実数値係数マトリクスを表す。マトリクスAの例を次に示す。
102 無線分配ユニット(RDU)
103 加入者線交換機(LE)
104、105、110 無線搬送波局(RCS)
111、112、115 固定加入者局ユニット
117、118 移動加入者局ユニット
161−165 無線リンク
201 36段線形帰還シフトレジスタ(LFSR)
202 フィードフォワード(FF)回路
213−220 二進法加算器
301 整合フィルタ
302 サンプリング回路
303 チップ符号発生器
304 トラッキング回路
401、501 A−D変換機
402、403、502、503 相関バンク適応整合フィルタ
404、405、504、505 加算/ダンプバンク
406、407、506、507 計算器バンク
408、409、510、511 加算器
410、512 減算器
508、509 重みづけバンク
601 相関器
602 逆拡散器
603 補正手段
604 チャネル評価手段
605 加算器
606 捕捉判定手段
607 トラッキング回路
608 ローカルパイロット符号発生器
701、702、703、
801、802、803 相関器
704、705、706、
804、805、806 乗算器
708、709、710、808、
809、810 加算/ダンプ回路
711、712、713 低域フィルタ
714、715、716、717、718、
719、817、818、819 乗算器
720、820 主加算器
830 符号系列発生器
831 シフトレジスタ
840 加算回路
841 乗算器
842 加算/ダンプ回路
850 位相同期ループ
870 A−D変換器
872 L段遅延線
874 乗算器バンク
876 加算器
878 乗算器
920 無線アクセスコントローラ(WAC)
931、932、933 モデムインタフェースユニット(MIU)
940 ビデオ分配回路(VDC)
1210−1215 CDMAモデム
1230 MIUコントローラ
1232 送信データ合成器
1233 IおよびQマルチプレクサ
1234 受信データ入力回路(RDI)
1235 自動利得制御分配回路(AGC)
1304 符号発生手段
1410 モデム入力信号受信装置(MISR)
1411−1414 畳込み符号化装置
1420−1424 拡散装置
1430 被変調データ合成器
1601 7ビットシフトレジスタ
1602、1603 排他的論理和回路
Claims (8)
- 符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニットにおいて、
第1のデータおよび第2のデータを、2つの異なる対応する拡散符号、第1の拡散符号および第2の拡散符号にしたがって、拡散符号化するよう構成された送信回路であって、
前記送信回路は、第1のチャネル上で第1の拡散符号を使用して前記拡散された第1のデータおよび第2のチャネル上で第2の拡散符号を使用して前記拡散された第2のデータを、それぞれ出力するようさらに構成され、前記第1のチャネルは、第1のデータレートで前記第1の拡散符号を使用して前記第1のデータから導き出され、前記第2のチャネルは、第2のデータレートで前記第2の拡散符号を使用して前記第2のデータから導き出され、前記第1のレートおよび前記第2のレートは、お互いに異なっており、
前記送信回路は、前記第1のデータおよび前記第2のデータを運んでおらず、電力制御ビットおよびシグナリング情報を対応する拡散符号で拡散符号化することによって引き出される第3のチャネルを出力するようさらに構成されており、前記シグナリング情報は、基地局によって無線周波数信号を処理することを容易にし、
前記送信回路は、前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルを結合するようにさらに構成されている、送信回路と、
前記送信回路に結合され、前記結合された前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルから導き出される無線周波数信号を出力するアンテナと
を備え、
前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルは、同時に送信され、前記送信回路は、受信信号強度に基づいて、前記電力制御ビットを決定するようさらに構成されたことを特徴とする符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニット。 - 前記送信回路は、前記電力制御ビットを、前記シグナリング情報とともに前記第3のチャネル上へ時分割多重化するようさらに構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニット。
- 前記電力制御ビットは、誤り保護されていないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニット。
- 前記電力制御ビットは、フォワードエラーコレクション符号化を受けていないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニット。
- 符号分割多重アクセス(CDMA)加入者ユニットにおいて使用するための通信方法において、
第1のデータおよび第2のデータを生成するステップと、
2つの異なる対応する拡散符号、第1の拡散符号および第2の拡散符号にしたがって、前記第1のデータおよび前記第2のデータを拡散符号化するステップと、
第1のチャネル上で第1の拡散符号を使用して前記拡散符号化された第1のデータおよび第2のチャネル上で第2の拡散符号を使用して前記拡散符号化された第2のデータを出力するステップと、
電力制御ビットおよびシグナリング情報を対応する拡散符号で拡散符号化して、第3のチャネルを生成するステップであって、前記第3のチャネルは前記第1のデータおよび前記第2のデータを運んでおらず、前記シグナリング情報は、基地局によって無線周波数信号を処理することを容易にする、拡散符号化するステップと、
前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルを結合するステップと、
前記符号分割多重アクセス加入者ユニットのアンテナで、前記結合された前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルから導き出される無線周波数信号を送信するステップであって、前記第1のチャネルによって運ばれる前記第1のデータに関連付けられた第1のデータレートは、前記第2のチャネルによって運ばれる前記第2のデータに関連付けられた第2のデータレートと異なっており、前記第1のチャネル、前記第2のチャネルおよび前記第3のチャネルは同時に送信される、送信するステップと、
受信信号強度に基づいて、前記電力制御ビットを決定するステップと
を備えること特徴とする通信方法。 - 前記結合するステップは、前記電力制御ビットを、前記シグナリング情報とともに前記第3のチャネル上へ時分割多重化することを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信方法。
- 前記電力制御ビットは、誤り保護されていないことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信方法。
- 前記電力制御ビットは、フォワードエラーコレクション符号化を受けていないことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信方法。
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EP (25) | EP1213845B1 (ja) |
JP (39) | JP3478342B2 (ja) |
KR (6) | KR100625757B1 (ja) |
CN (9) | CN1909387A (ja) |
AP (2) | AP681A (ja) |
AR (11) | AR002638A1 (ja) |
AT (13) | ATE307426T1 (ja) |
AU (3) | AU6342996A (ja) |
CA (9) | CA2378873C (ja) |
DE (25) | DE986186T1 (ja) |
DK (14) | DK0984577T3 (ja) |
ES (17) | ES2225353T3 (ja) |
FI (14) | FI118500B (ja) |
HK (12) | HK1015983A1 (ja) |
ID (10) | ID25597A (ja) |
MY (4) | MY137703A (ja) |
NO (3) | NO318270B1 (ja) |
PT (4) | PT835568E (ja) |
SA (1) | SA06270486B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW318983B (ja) |
WO (3) | WO1997002714A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA965340B (ja) |
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US20080304552A1 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Chandrashekhar Thejaswi Pataguppe | Receiver for communication system |
JP2009176815A (ja) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-08-06 | Olympus Corp | 実装構造体 |
WO2009156799A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | Nokia Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for memory management in devices using software defined radios |
FR2934107B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-08-27 | Alcatel Lucent | Methode de gestion d'un reseau de telecommunication et equipements associes |
JP5227124B2 (ja) | 2008-09-22 | 2013-07-03 | 小島プレス工業株式会社 | 接点装置 |
US9619246B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2017-04-11 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Electronic computing device and reboot method thereof |
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1996
- 1996-06-24 ZA ZA965340A patent/ZA965340B/xx unknown
- 1996-06-27 AT AT01118805T patent/ATE307426T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 ES ES01113684T patent/ES2225353T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES02005246T patent/ES2366343T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP02005246A patent/EP1213845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002378873A patent/CA2378873C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0986186T patent/DE986186T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 AU AU63429/96A patent/AU6342996A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-27 AT AT96922615T patent/ATE225993T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 AT AT99122088T patent/ATE303680T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 DK DK99122091T patent/DK0984577T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 EP EP01113684A patent/EP1158702B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DK DK99122088T patent/DK0986186T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0991205T patent/DE991205T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 WO PCT/US1996/011063 patent/WO1997002714A2/en active Application Filing
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99122091T patent/ES2146568T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP09015385.9A patent/EP2164184B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69620884T patent/DE69620884T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1996-06-27 DK DK99122097T patent/DK0986187T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 EP EP02005247A patent/EP1213846B9/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES10182350T patent/ES2398375T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AT AT02005247T patent/ATE289714T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0984577T patent/DE984577T1/de active Pending
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- 1996-06-27 CN CNA2006101007677A patent/CN1909387A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-27 JP JP50523097A patent/JP3478342B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AT AT99122097T patent/ATE288152T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99122097T patent/ES2146569T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 KR KR1020057021648A patent/KR100625757B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69638368T patent/DE69638368D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1996-06-27 AU AU64015/96A patent/AU6401596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-27 CN CN200610100772.8A patent/CN1905388B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES09015385.9T patent/ES2437178T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AU AU64013/96A patent/AU6401396A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-27 AT AT96923527T patent/ATE216826T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 KR KR1020047005320A patent/KR100582482B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99122091A patent/EP0984577B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP05022142A patent/EP1615350A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-27 DE DE1213846T patent/DE1213846T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 EP EP05018803A patent/EP1603248A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99126233T patent/ES2147548T1/es active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69633351T patent/DE69633351T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99122088A patent/EP0986186B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CN CNA2006101007732A patent/CN1905389A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0986187T patent/DE986187T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 AT AT96923525T patent/ATE209834T1/de active
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- 1996-06-27 KR KR10-2001-7003286A patent/KR100383225B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 US US08/669,770 patent/US5991329A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 KR KR1020057004172A patent/KR100632845B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 AT AT02005245T patent/ATE306751T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 ES ES01118805T patent/ES2173053T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002378885A patent/CA2378885C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10182389A patent/EP2285168A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002376319A patent/CA2376319C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69634389T patent/DE69634389T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP02005244A patent/EP1213854B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 MY MYPI20024352A patent/MY137703A/en unknown
- 1996-06-27 US US08/669,776 patent/US5748687A/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10182350A patent/EP2273689B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP08102307A patent/EP1933470A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0986188T patent/DE986188T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 JP JP50523197A patent/JP3717123B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 PT PT96923525T patent/PT835568E/pt unknown
- 1996-06-27 DK DK01118805T patent/DK1156593T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 ES ES96922615T patent/ES2184878T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99126232A patent/EP0996239A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69635287T patent/DE69635287T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69634098T patent/DE69634098T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99122098T patent/ES2146570T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 JP JP50523297A patent/JP3493374B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CN CN2005101181058A patent/CN1790932B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99126232T patent/ES2147547T1/es active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DK DK02005245T patent/DK1237293T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 PT PT101823508T patent/PT2273689E/pt unknown
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0996239T patent/DE996239T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002376313A patent/CA2376313C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES02005245T patent/ES2201948T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 WO PCT/US1996/011059 patent/WO1997002675A2/en active Search and Examination
- 1996-06-27 CN CNA2006101007713A patent/CN1905387A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-27 EP EP02005245A patent/EP1237293B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 PT PT96922615T patent/PT836770E/pt unknown
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10179469.1A patent/EP2259634A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 AT AT02005244T patent/ATE289715T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 AT AT99122091T patent/ATE285640T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 EP EP96923525A patent/EP0835568B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP96922615A patent/EP0836770B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69624242T patent/DE69624242T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP01118805A patent/EP1156593B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 MY MYPI20024351A patent/MY126175A/en unknown
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0001237293T patent/DE02005245T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DE DE1213845T patent/DE1213845T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DK DK02005244T patent/DK1213854T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 DE DE0835593T patent/DE835593T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 ES ES02005247T patent/ES2234940T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 PT PT96923527T patent/PT835593E/pt unknown
- 1996-06-27 WO PCT/US1996/011060 patent/WO1997002665A2/en active Application Filing
- 1996-06-27 CN CNA2006101007751A patent/CN1905391A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69634390T patent/DE69634390T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002224706A patent/CA2224706C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CN CNB021439710A patent/CN1254933C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 MY MYPI96002641A patent/MY134704A/en unknown
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69634275T patent/DE69634275T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DK DK02005247T patent/DK1213846T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69635140T patent/DE69635140T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES02005244T patent/ES2234939T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 KR KR1020067002780A patent/KR100687596B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 CA CA2848679A patent/CA2848679A1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DK DK96922615T patent/DK0836770T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99122098A patent/EP0986188B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 US US08/669,775 patent/US5799010A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE1213854T patent/DE1213854T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DK DK99122098T patent/DK0986188T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 DK DK09015385.9T patent/DK2164184T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69634346T patent/DE69634346T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DE DE1156593T patent/DE1156593T1/de active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DK DK10182350.8T patent/DK2273689T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 EP EP96923527A patent/EP0835593B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1996-06-27 US US08/669,769 patent/US5796776A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99126233A patent/EP0991205A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10182412A patent/EP2285169A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69617429T patent/DE69617429T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 CN CNA2006101007747A patent/CN1905390A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-27 DE DE69635315T patent/DE69635315T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AT AT99122098T patent/ATE289134T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 KR KR1019970709938A patent/KR100454188B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 DK DK96923525T patent/DK0835568T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 CN CN96195906A patent/CN1095257C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 MY MYPI20024350A patent/MY127923A/en unknown
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10182419A patent/EP2285170A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-27 EP EP10179480A patent/EP2259450A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-27 DK DK02005246.0T patent/DK1213845T3/da active
- 1996-06-27 ES ES96923525T patent/ES2167584T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 ES ES96923527T patent/ES2144384T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AT AT02005246T patent/ATE508536T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 ES ES99122088T patent/ES2146567T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 AT AT01113684T patent/ATE275780T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-27 EP EP99122097A patent/EP0986187B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-27 DK DK01113684T patent/DK1158702T3/da active
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000786A patent/ID25597A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000781D patent/ID25602A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000785A patent/ID25601A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000776D patent/ID25599A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000783A patent/ID26191A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000778A patent/ID26190A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000779A patent/ID25596A/id unknown
- 1996-06-28 AR ARP960103375A patent/AR002638A1/es unknown
- 1996-06-28 ID IDP20000784D patent/ID25598A/id unknown
- 1996-07-01 AP APAP/P/1996/000832A patent/AP681A/en active
- 1996-07-01 AP APAP/P/1998/001214A patent/AP682A/en active
- 1996-12-23 TW TW085115906A patent/TW318983B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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1997
- 1997-01-12 SA SA06270486A patent/SA06270486B1/ar unknown
- 1997-03-13 ID IDP20000777D patent/ID26100A/id unknown
- 1997-10-23 US US08/956,740 patent/US6215778B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-23 US US08/956,980 patent/US6212174B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-18 FI FI974552A patent/FI118500B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-18 FI FI974554A patent/FI119163B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-18 FI FI974553A patent/FI115810B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-29 NO NO19976095A patent/NO318270B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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1998
- 1998-02-17 US US09/024,473 patent/US5991332A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-04 US US09/034,855 patent/US6272168B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1999
- 1999-03-02 HK HK99100840A patent/HK1015983A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-03 US US09/261,689 patent/US6381264B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-22 US US09/444,079 patent/US6229843B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2000
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103525A patent/AR033950A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103520A patent/AR033492A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103526A patent/AR034093A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103523A patent/AR033798A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103521A patent/AR033493A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103524A patent/AR034092A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103522A patent/AR033494A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103519A patent/AR033491A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103517A patent/AR033339A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-10 AR ARP000103518A patent/AR033949A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-06 HK HK00105623A patent/HK1026537A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-09 HK HK00105699A patent/HK1026533A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-09 HK HK00105698A patent/HK1026532A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-09 HK HK00105700A patent/HK1026534A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-13 ID IDP20000782D patent/ID26158A/id unknown
- 2000-12-22 US US09/742,019 patent/US6707805B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2001
- 2001-01-10 US US09/757,768 patent/US6985467B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-18 US US09/765,001 patent/US6983009B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-18 US US09/765,016 patent/US6721301B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-01-18 US US09/765,048 patent/US6456608B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-12 US US09/833,285 patent/US6873645B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-04-24 US US09/840,769 patent/US6633600B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-02-08 US US10/071,899 patent/US6744809B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-27 US US10/084,007 patent/US7502406B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-27 US US10/083,791 patent/US6674791B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-27 US US10/083,846 patent/US6674788B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-28 HK HK02102404.4A patent/HK1041375B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-28 HK HK02102405.3A patent/HK1041376B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-24 HK HK02106960.1A patent/HK1045771B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-24 HK HK02106958.5A patent/HK1045614B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-24 HK HK11107181.1A patent/HK1149652A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-24 HK HK02106959.4A patent/HK1045770B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010344A patent/JP3704521B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010332A patent/JP3707735B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010388A patent/JP3712709B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003010382A patent/JP3706108B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003014009A patent/JP3640952B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003013805A patent/JP4511796B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003013627A patent/JP3837116B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003014033A patent/JP2003249875A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003013976A patent/JP3707785B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-01 HK HK03101544.6A patent/HK1049414B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-08 US US10/680,943 patent/US7756190B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-15 JP JP2003355227A patent/JP2004104820A/ja not_active Abandoned
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2004
- 2004-02-26 US US10/788,209 patent/US7593453B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-03 NO NO20041820A patent/NO319231B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-07-01 FI FI20040917A patent/FI118315B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-07-02 FI FI20040925A patent/FI20040925A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
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2005
- 2005-04-29 NO NO20052097A patent/NO20052097L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-07-04 JP JP2005195251A patent/JP4309381B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-07-11 US US11/178,809 patent/US20050243897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-25 JP JP2005213936A patent/JP2006005957A/ja active Pending
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2006
- 2006-01-25 JP JP2006016696A patent/JP4308211B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2006-08-14 JP JP2006221204A patent/JP4406631B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2006-08-14 JP JP2006221206A patent/JP2006314143A/ja active Pending
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2007
- 2007-08-09 FI FI20070600A patent/FI121206B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-08-09 JP JP2007208558A patent/JP2008005529A/ja active Pending
- 2007-08-20 JP JP2007214034A patent/JP4130925B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2007-08-20 JP JP2007214035A patent/JP2008005539A/ja active Pending
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2008
- 2008-01-02 FI FI20080001A patent/FI124430B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-04-17 FI FI20080292A patent/FI122550B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-18 JP JP2008187814A patent/JP4474476B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2008-12-22 US US12/340,939 patent/US9564963B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2009
- 2009-06-30 JP JP2009156102A patent/JP4756083B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-06-30 JP JP2009156101A patent/JP4603618B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-07-09 JP JP2009162572A patent/JP5415851B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-07-29 JP JP2009176815A patent/JP4908554B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-07-29 JP JP2009176814A patent/JP4751945B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-09-11 US US12/557,787 patent/US20100002752A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
- 2010-02-05 FI FI20105117A patent/FI122549B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-08 US US12/832,778 patent/US20100272155A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-08-02 JP JP2010173809A patent/JP5118175B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2011
- 2011-01-07 JP JP2011002332A patent/JP5751471B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-03-07 US US13/041,745 patent/US8737363B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-04-18 US US13/088,958 patent/US20110194571A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-18 JP JP2011092003A patent/JP5438062B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-05-30 JP JP2011120686A patent/JP5123415B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-06-09 JP JP2011129285A patent/JP5438069B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2012
- 2012-01-25 FI FI20125077A patent/FI124382B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-01-26 FI FI20125079A patent/FI124383B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-01-30 JP JP2012016930A patent/JP5276187B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2012-11-29 JP JP2012261149A patent/JP5887623B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2013
- 2013-02-14 JP JP2013026772A patent/JP5529988B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-10-16 JP JP2013215653A patent/JP5876456B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2014
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