JP3587855B2 - フローリングパネル及びその使用方法 - Google Patents

フローリングパネル及びその使用方法 Download PDF

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JP3587855B2
JP3587855B2 JP52679496A JP52679496A JP3587855B2 JP 3587855 B2 JP3587855 B2 JP 3587855B2 JP 52679496 A JP52679496 A JP 52679496A JP 52679496 A JP52679496 A JP 52679496A JP 3587855 B2 JP3587855 B2 JP 3587855B2
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モルテンソン,ゲーラン
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ペルストルプ フローリング アーベー
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6125Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on the one frontal surface co-operating with recesses in the other frontal surface
    • E04B1/6129Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on the one frontal surface co-operating with recesses in the other frontal surface the connection made by expansion
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E04F13/0878Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the basic insulating layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/12Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
    • E04F15/14Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0123Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels parallel to the abutting edges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/023Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/044Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory
    • E04F2201/049Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory wherein the elements are made of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/07Joining sheets or plates or panels with connections using a special adhesive material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/30Dovetail-like connections
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7045Interdigitated ends

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Description

この発明は、フローリングパネル及び、水気のある室内におけるそれらの使用に関する。
近年、積層床材が人気を博し、また更にその人気が高まっており、多くの市場では、これらが寄木張りの床材や敷きつめカーペットに取って代わるようになってきている。積層床材の生産においては、先ず、熱硬化性の化粧ラミネートが作られる。このラミネートは、通常、フェノール−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を含浸させた紙シートからなる基層と、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を含浸させた化粧紙シートからなる化粧表面層とから構成される。このラミネートは、異なる層を高圧、昇温下でプレスすることによって作られる。
次いで、得られたラミネートを、例えばパーティクルボードからなる支持体に接着するか、又は、支持体無しでそれだけで使用する。これはコンパクトラミネートと呼ばれる。次いで、このようにして作られた積層パネルを鋸で切断して長辺と短辺に溝とさねが設けられた多数の床板材とする。多くの場合、できた床板材は、厚さ約7mm、長さ120cm、幅約20cmである。従って、これらは、通常、改装修理時に既存のフローリング材の上に配置することができる。別の例では、上記のようにせず、1以上の上記化粧シートを、例えばパーティクルボードからなるベースシートに直接積層させることができる。
このようなフローリングの組立てでは、通常、床板材を組み合わせる際に接着剤を溝に付着する。そのため、損傷した板材を交換したり、フローリング全体を除去してそれを例えば別の部屋に設置したりすることが困難となってしまう。
上記の問題を回避するために、接着剤を使用せずに組み合わせることが出来る床板材を得るための努力がなされてきた。そのような構造の1つが、米国特許第5,295,341号に開示されている。これによれば、溝とさねは通常の態様で板材に設けられているが、さねはぎ接合部(groove−tongue joint)にスナップ止め構成(snap−together system)が設けられている。
このような床板材は、接着剤なしで組み合わせることが出来るが、板材同士の接合部がフレキシブルで固定されないという欠点がある。このことは、床板材の下になる面が完全に平坦でない場合(大抵の場合はこれにあてはまるのであるが)、板材間に隙間ができるということを意味する。このような隙間があると、そこに埃や水が入り込むことがある。
この発明によれば、後に述べた問題も解決することができ、好ましくは熱硬化性のラミネートからなる2組の平行な側縁を有するフローリングパネルが生成された。上記側縁のうち2つに溝の形をなす固定手段を設け、他の2つにこの溝と嵌合するさねを設けて、パネルを組み合わせるためのさねはぎ接合部が形成されるようにされている。溝とさねは、水を通さない材料で作られており、また、これらには、1以上のスナップ・ウェブ(snapping web)又はこれと類似のスナップ要素と、それと協働する対応するスナップ溝とを含むスナップ止め結合部が設けられている。溝は、スナップ止め結合部の前方に入口開口部を有し、スナップ止め結合部の奥部において安定溝に続いている。さねには、上記入口開口部に嵌合するようにされた後方ネック部と、スナップ止め結合部の前方に位置し、かつ、安定溝に緊密に嵌合するようにされた、前方に突出した安定部とが形成されている。これにより、接合パネルが、スナップ止め結合部と安定溝に入った安定部とによって組み合わされた際に、互いに固定されて不測の分離が防止されると同時に、水密性の接合部を有しかつパネル間の不用な隙間がない、強固な床用カバリングが得られる。
ある推奨実施例によれば、パネル中の隣接する2つの側縁に溝が設けられ、他の2つの側縁にさねが設けられる。この実施例では、パネルは通常矩形であるが、正方形であってもよい。
正方形パネルでは、1組の平行な側縁に溝を設け、他の組にさねを設けることが出来る。しかし、この形状では、パネルの表面層のパターンの選択が制限される。
溝とさねとは、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性ラミネート、アルミニウム、又は、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させたチップボード又はパーティクルボードから作られることが好ましい。無論、他の水を通さない材料を使用することもできる。
ある実施例では、さね及び溝が、パネルの側縁に固定された突起(レッジ)として形成される。その場合、レッジ状に形成された溝とさねは、それぞれ、例えば接着剤で、側縁に沿って設けられた凹所に適切に固定される。
スナップ・ウェブは、さねの上側及び/又は下側に形成可能であり、これに嵌合するスナップ溝は溝に形成される。
ある推奨実施例では、1つのスナップ・ウェブがさねの上側に形成され、1つが下側に形成される。また、溝には、それらに嵌合する2つのスナップ溝の1つが上部に、もう1つが下部に設けられる。
必要であれば、1組のスナップ・ウェブをさねの上側に形成し、もう1組をさねの下側に形成することが出来る。無論、その場合には、スナップ・ウェブに嵌合するスナップ溝が溝の上部と下部に2つずつ必要となる。この構造とすると、特に強力な接合が得られる。
当然ながら、上記のようにせずに、スナップ・ウェブを溝に設け、スナップ溝をさねに設けることもできる。
ある推奨実施例では、安定部の幅は2〜10mm、好ましくは、4〜10mmである。通常、安定溝と安定部の嵌合部分が幅広いと、パネルを組み合わせたものがより強固となる。
また、安定部は、パネルを適正に組合せるための助けにもなる。従って、安定部を安定溝にはめ込む際、パネルの正確な位置(レベル)がわかり、パネル間に隙間ができないような適正な場所にパネルを簡単に押し込むことが出来る。パネル間に実質的な隙間が無ければ、当然、組み合わせて得られたフローリングや壁用カバリングに水や埃が入り込むことはない。
水が入り込まないようにするための防御策として、例えば安定溝の奥部にシーリングを適切に施してもよい。
溝とさねは、パネルの側縁の全長にわたって伸びていることが好ましい。
パネルは、さねと溝の下面がパネルの下面と同じレベルに位置するように構成することが出来る。
パネルは、普通の乾燥した室内の床をカバーするのに使用することができる。しかし、接合部が強固で水密性とされているので、水気のある部屋にもこのパネルを使用することができる。このように使用する場合には、パネル全体を、いわゆるコンパクトラミネート型の、熱硬化性ラミネートで作ることが好ましい。このようなラミネートは、水を吸収しない。
別の代替物として、水密性表面を有する非吸水性ベースがある。この表面は、例えば、ペイント、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン又はポリ塩化ビニル等の熱可塑性樹脂ホイル、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた紙シート、または、熱硬化性ラミネートで構成することができる。
非吸水性ベースの適切なものの1つとして、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた木製パーティクルや木製チップをプレスして生成した板材がある。
この発明を、さらに、添付の図を参照して説明する。図1は、上記から認識される本発明によるパネル1を概略的に示すものである。ここには矩形状パネルが示されているが、正方形であってもよい。図2及び図3は、パネルの2つの実施例について、2枚のパネルを組み合わせようとするときの2つの隣接側縁に沿う断面を示している。図2の構成が好ましい。
パネル1は、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた木製パーティクルのベースからなり、上面に表面層17等の熱硬化性化粧ラミネートが接着されている。
パネル1は、2組の平行な側縁2、3及び4、5のそれぞれを有している(図1)。これらの側縁の2つに溝6の形をなす固定手段が設けられ、別の2つに溝6に嵌合するさね7が設けられている。これにより、パネルを組み合わせるためのさねはぎ接合部が形成される。
溝6及びさね7は、水を通さない材料から作られ、また、これらにはスナップ止め結合部が形成される。図2に示す実施例では、スナップ止め結合部は、2つのスナップ・ウェブ9からなり、このウェブのうちの1つが、さね7の上側に設けられ、もう1つがさねの下側に設けられている。これらウェブ9は、嵌合する2つのスナップ溝10と協働する。
溝6は、スナップ止め結合部の前方に、即ち、スナップ・ウェブ9とスナップ溝10の前方に、入口開口部8を有する。スナップ止め結合部の奥部において、溝6が安定溝13に続いている。
さね7には、溝6の入り口開口部8に嵌合するようにされた後方ネック部11が形成される。さね7は、スナップ止め結合部の前方に、安定溝13に緊密に嵌合するようにされた、前方に突出している安定部12を有している。
また、スナップ止め結合部に含まれる部分9及び10は、互いに緊密に嵌合し、強力な接合が得られるようにされている。この効果をさらに増大させるために、スナップ溝10にアンダーカット端部18を設けている。このアンダーカット端部18は、同じアンダーカットを有するスナップ・ウェブ9の裏側と協働する。
溝6及びさね7は、熱硬化性ラミネートで作られ、また、パネルの側縁に沿って設けられた凹部に接着剤で固定されるレッジとして形成される。溝6の下面14は、パネルの下面15と同じレベルに位置し、また、さね7の下面16も、パネル1の下面15と同じレベルに位置する。
接合パネルがスナップ止め結合部及び安定溝13に挿入された安定部12により組み合わされたとき、パネルは互いに固定され、不測の分離が防止される。水密性接合部を有し、かつ、パネル間の不用な隙間のない、強固な床用カバリングが得られる。安定部12が安定溝13に入ることにより、通常起こるスナップ溝10中でのスナップ・ウェブ9の回転が防止される。従って、これらの部分は、パネル間の強固な接合を可能にするために不可欠である。
図3に示す実施例の変形は、図2によるものに非常に類似している。相違点は、さね7の下側だけにスナップ・ウェブ9が設けられていることである。上側にはスナップ・ウェブが設けられていない。従って、溝6の下部には、スナップ溝10が1つだけ設けられている。
この発明は、発明の範囲内において種々の態様で改変ができるため、図示の実施例に制限されるものではない。

Claims (16)

  1. 2組の平行な側縁(それぞれ、2、3及び4、5)を有する、好ましくは熱硬化性ラミネートからなり、上記側縁の2つに溝(6)の形をなす固定手段が設けられ、他の2つに上記溝(6)に嵌合するさね(7)が設けられており、それによってパネルを組み合わせるためのさねはぎ接合部が形成されたフローリングパネルであって、上記溝(6)及びさね(7)には、該さね(7)の上側及び下側に形成された1以上のスナップ・ウェブ(9)と、これと協働する、上記溝(6)に形成された対応する嵌合スナップ溝(10)とが形成されており、
    上記溝(6)及びさね(7)は水密性接合部を形成しており、上記溝(6)は、スナップ止め接合部に関して隣接する側部のパネルに向けて配置された、上記スナップ止め接合部内の安定溝(13)に続く入口開口部(8)を有し、上記さね(7)には、上記入口開口部(8)に嵌合するようにされた後方ネック部(11)と、上記安定溝(13)中に緊密に嵌合するようにされた前方に突出する安定部(12)とが形成されており、それによって接合パネル(1)が、上記スナップ止め接合部と上記安定溝(13)内に入った上記安定部(12)とによって組み合わされたときに互いに固定され、不測の分離が防止されると同時に、パネル相互間の意図しない隙間のない強固な床用カバリングが得られる、ことを特徴とする、上記フローリングパネル。
  2. 2つの隣接する側縁(2、4)に溝(6)が設けられ、他の2つの側縁(3、5)にさね(7)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のフローリングパネル。
  3. 水密性の表面層を有する非吸水性ベースを含む、請求項1または2に記載のフローリングパネル。
  4. 表面層は、ペイント、及びポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン又はポリ塩化ビニルのような熱可塑性樹脂ホイル、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた紙シート、又は熱硬化性ラミネートで構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のフローリングパネル。
  5. ベースは熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた木製パーティクル又は木製チップをプレスして生成されたボードからなることを特徴とする、請求項3または4に記載のフローリングパネル。
  6. 溝(6)とさね(7)は、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性ラミネート、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させたチップボード又はパーティクルボード、アルミニウム等の水密性材料で作られていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  7. 溝(6)とさね(7)が、パネルの側縁に固定されたレッジとして形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  8. レッジ状に形成された溝(6)及びさね(7)のそれぞれが、上記側縁に沿って設けられた凹所に固定されていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  9. 上記スナップ・ウェブ(9)の1つが上記さね(7)の上側に形成され、他の1つがその下側に形成され、上記溝(6)は、それらに嵌合する2つのスナップ溝(10)を有し、その1つは上部に、他の1つは下部に設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  10. 上記安定部(12)の幅が、2〜10mm、好ましくは4〜10mmであることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  11. 上記溝(6)の下面(14)が、上記パネル(1)の下面(15)と同じレベルに位置していることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  12. 上記さね(7)の下面(16)が、上記パネル(1)の下面(15)と同じレベルに位置していることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  13. 上記安定溝(13)の奥部にシーリングを施して水密性を向上させたことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネル。
  14. 請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載のフローリングパネルを、水気のある部屋の床をカバーするために使用する方法。
  15. 上記パネルが、いわゆるコンパクトラミネート型の熱硬化性ラミネートで、又は、ペイント、及び熱可塑性樹脂ホイル、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた紙シート、又は熱硬化性ラミネートからなる表面層(17)を有する非吸水性ベースで作られていることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の使用方法。
  16. 表面層の下のベースが、熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた木製パーティクル又は木製チップをプレスすることによって生成されたボードからなることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の使用方法。
JP52679496A 1995-03-07 1996-02-29 フローリングパネル及びその使用方法 Expired - Fee Related JP3587855B2 (ja)

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SE9500810A SE9500810D0 (sv) 1995-03-07 1995-03-07 Golvplatta
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US8661762B2 (en) 2014-03-04
US6397547B1 (en) 2002-06-04
US20020152707A1 (en) 2002-10-24
SE9500810D0 (sv) 1995-03-07
NO319291B1 (no) 2005-07-11
US8276342B2 (en) 2012-10-02
US6418683B1 (en) 2002-07-16
BR9607272A (pt) 1998-06-23
EP0813641A1 (en) 1997-12-29
DK0813641T3 (da) 2001-09-24
DK200100168U3 (da) 2003-12-29
NO974110D0 (no) 1997-09-05
KR19980702750A (ko) 1998-08-05
CN1177390A (zh) 1998-03-25
HK1005251A1 (en) 1998-12-31
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US7497058B2 (en) 2009-03-03
AU4960096A (en) 1996-09-23
US20110185663A1 (en) 2011-08-04
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GR3036737T3 (en) 2001-12-31
EP0813641B1 (en) 2001-07-04
US20130067840A1 (en) 2013-03-21
US8875465B2 (en) 2014-11-04
NO974110L (no) 1997-11-06
US7856784B2 (en) 2010-12-28
DE69613682D1 (de) 2001-08-09
CA2213757A1 (en) 1996-09-12
JPH11501377A (ja) 1999-02-02
DE69613682T2 (de) 2002-05-08
US20130042555A1 (en) 2013-02-21
PT813641E (pt) 2001-12-28
CN1088492C (zh) 2002-07-31
DK200100168U1 (da) 2001-06-29
ATE202826T1 (de) 2001-07-15
US20090038253A1 (en) 2009-02-12
US6101778A (en) 2000-08-15

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