US752694A - Jens gabeiel feedeik lund - Google Patents

Jens gabeiel feedeik lund Download PDF

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Publication number
US752694A
US752694A US752694DA US752694A US 752694 A US752694 A US 752694A US 752694D A US752694D A US 752694DA US 752694 A US752694 A US 752694A
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tongues
grooves
row
lund
stones
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in the construction of arches for walls, vaults, and other arched buildings.
  • the stones 8 are parallelepipedons; but on the two sides which run parallel with the plane of the section they are provided with a wedge-shaped feather or tongue 2 and a corresponding groove or mortise 3.
  • the two other sides form fiat next row, and,'as illustrated in Fig. 4, the said feather 2 of the one block fits directly into the groove 3 of the next block Without interposd mortar or cement, whereby a close and firm connection is obtained.
  • the space 5 may be filled up with any kind of material which is not required to have binding or supporting e fi'ect.
  • each block is held up, first, by the tongue 2 i of two of the adjacent blocks lying in bond one with another, and, second, by means of the projecting edges 4 of the groove of the blocks abutting thereupon.
  • a block consequently can only fall down if it be broken along the line a b or be cut off along the line 0 d in Fig.
  • the most important feature of my invention is the firm and close connection of the blocks.
  • the tongues 2 and grooves 3 are wedge-shaped, as above mentioned.
  • Fig. 5 shows a form of construction of the blocks.
  • the construction shown in this figure is based upon the fact that the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues corresponds accurately to the inclination of the lateral faces of the grooves; further, that the distance it is greater than the distance 72, and that the length Z is greater than Z
  • the blocks may also be formed with a double tongue and corresponding double groove, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • a stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves, breaking joints with the lines of division between each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directly a groove in the adjoining row, the tongues being wedgeshaped and the grooves correspondingly formed in such a manner, that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues and grooves corresponding whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm without interposed mortar, metal or other material.
  • a stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves,
  • breaking joints with the lines of division be- 4 tween each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directly a groove in the adjoining row, the adjoining surfaces Zof the blocks being sloped, the tongues of each block being wedge-shaped and the grooves correspondingly formed in such a manner, that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues and grooves corresponding whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm Without interposed mortar, metal or other material.
  • a stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves, breaking joints with the lines of division between each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directlya groove in the adjoining row, the tongues being formed as a double wedge and the grooves correspondingly formed, so that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm without interposed mortar, metal or other material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Description

' PATENTED FEB, 23, 1904.
J. G. P. LUND. WALL 0R VAULT. APPLICATION FILED 00'r.13. 1903.
no MODEL;
z+ Inveninr:
Wicne as E s:
J. E- E L iEL- n Ar: :1 Em l gsf m: uonms PETERS w. FHOTALITHQ, wnsmu UNITED STATES Patented February 23, 1904.
PATENT OFFICE.
WALL OR VAULT.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,694, dated February 23, 1904. Application filed October 13, 1903. Serial No. 176,910. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, J ENs GABRIEL FREDRIK LUND, engineer, a citizen of the Kingdom of Norway, and a resident of Drammen, Norway,
. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Walls or Vaults, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of arches for walls, vaults, and other arched buildings.
In the construction and erection of vaults or arches with separate artificial stones, (tiles, pressed stones, bricks, &c.,) as hitherto employed, it was necessary either to abstain from the utilization of the strength of the stone against the simultaneous tension, pressure, and cutting effect, or else the-builder was obliged to take refuge in the use of mortar or the cramping together by means of metal order to obtain between the stones a close and firm connection, whereby both the pressure resistance, tension resistance, and cutting resistance of the stones are alike utilized. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates an arch in side elevation; Fig. 2, a portion thereof in plan. Fig. 3 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 1, showing a modification. Fig. A is a cross-section of the vault. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate how the practical execution of the close and firm connection of the stones is obtained.
As will be seen from the drawings, the stones 8 are parallelepipedons; but on the two sides which run parallel with the plane of the section they are provided with a wedge-shaped feather or tongue 2 and a corresponding groove or mortise 3. The two other sides form fiat next row, and,'as illustrated in Fig. 4, the said feather 2 of the one block fits directly into the groove 3 of the next block Without interposd mortar or cement, whereby a close and firm connection is obtained. The space 5 may be filled up with any kind of material which is not required to have binding or supporting e fi'ect. It results from this construction that each block is held up, first, by the tongue 2 i of two of the adjacent blocks lying in bond one with another, and, second, by means of the projecting edges 4 of the groove of the blocks abutting thereupon. A block consequently can only fall down if it be broken along the line a b or be cut off along the line 0 d in Fig.
2, or the feathers 2 or the projections 4 must be either cut off or broken by bending. The
' vaulting therefore operates as an elastic arch,
the strength of which depends entirely upon the natural strength of the blocks and the absolute rigid binding, which binding is formed by the engaging tongues and grooves, which firmly engage with each other.
As will be understood, the most important feature of my invention is the firm and close connection of the blocks. In order to obtain this in a secure manner, the tongues 2 and grooves 3 are wedge-shaped, as above mentioned.
Fig. 5 shows a form of construction of the blocks. The construction shown in this figure is based upon the fact that the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues corresponds accurately to the inclination of the lateral faces of the grooves; further, that the distance it is greater than the distance 72, and that the length Z is greater than Z Hereby the inclined faces must engage each other on all 3 secured. The blocks may also be formed with a double tongue and corresponding double groove, as shown in Fig. 6.
Besides the above-named constructional requirements the following ones must be added:
- Z is greater than Z and k is greater than it.
structed for experimental purposes in this manner are very strong and satisfy every practical requirement.
Havingnow described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. A stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves, breaking joints with the lines of division between each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directly a groove in the adjoining row, the tongues being wedgeshaped and the grooves correspondingly formed in such a manner, that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues and grooves corresponding whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm without interposed mortar, metal or other material.
2, A stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves,
breaking joints with the lines of division be- 4 tween each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directly a groove in the adjoining row, the adjoining surfaces Zof the blocks being sloped, the tongues of each block being wedge-shaped and the grooves correspondingly formed in such a manner, that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, the inclination of the lateral faces of the tongues and grooves corresponding whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm Without interposed mortar, metal or other material. v
3. A stone arch composed of a plurality of stones arranged in rows, the stones of each row having interlocking tongues and grooves, breaking joints with the lines of division between each adjoining row, and each row having a tongue extending throughout the length of the row and engaging directlya groove in the adjoining row, the tongues being formed as a double wedge and the grooves correspondingly formed, so that the side surfaces cannot come together and that the top of the tongues cannot reach the bottom of the grooves, whereby the connection between grooves and tongues is secured close and firm without interposed mortar, metal or other material.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature, this 17th day of August, 1903, in the presence of two witnesses.
JENS GABRIEL FREDRIK LUND.
Witnesses A. LIEBERKNEoH'r, TH. EDEL.
US752694D Jens gabeiel feedeik lund Expired - Lifetime US752694A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2645115A (en) * 1943-02-25 1953-07-14 Abeles Paul William Composite structural member and in the manufacture thereof
US3529394A (en) * 1968-09-30 1970-09-22 Comstruct Inc Modular wall corner connector
US5024035A (en) * 1979-10-18 1991-06-18 Insulock Corporation Building block and structures formed therefrom
WO1999040273A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-12 Perstorp Flooring Ab Guiding means at a joint
US6497079B1 (en) 2000-03-07 2002-12-24 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Mechanical panel connection
US6526719B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2003-03-04 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Mechanical panel connection
US6647689B2 (en) 2002-02-18 2003-11-18 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Panel, particularly a flooring panel
US6681820B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2004-01-27 Pergo (Europe) Ab Process for the manufacturing of joining profiles
US20040244196A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-12-09 Satoru Kaimura Metal plate for producing flat tube, flat tube and process for producing the flat tube
US20080271403A1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2008-11-06 Jorgen Palsson Process for sealing of a joint
US20090126307A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Martin Grohman Planking system and method
US20110173914A1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Nils-Erik Engstrom Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US7992358B2 (en) 1998-02-04 2011-08-09 Pergo AG Guiding means at a joint
US8627631B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2014-01-14 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US8661762B2 (en) 1995-03-07 2014-03-04 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring panel or wall panel and use thereof
US8978334B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2015-03-17 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels
US9032685B2 (en) 1995-03-07 2015-05-19 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring panel or wall panel and use thereof
US9464443B2 (en) 1998-10-06 2016-10-11 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring material comprising flooring elements which are assembled by means of separate flooring elements

Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2645115A (en) * 1943-02-25 1953-07-14 Abeles Paul William Composite structural member and in the manufacture thereof
US3529394A (en) * 1968-09-30 1970-09-22 Comstruct Inc Modular wall corner connector
US5024035A (en) * 1979-10-18 1991-06-18 Insulock Corporation Building block and structures formed therefrom
US9032685B2 (en) 1995-03-07 2015-05-19 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring panel or wall panel and use thereof
US8661762B2 (en) 1995-03-07 2014-03-04 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring panel or wall panel and use thereof
US8875465B2 (en) 1995-03-07 2014-11-04 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring panel or wall panel and use thereof
US6682254B1 (en) 1998-02-04 2004-01-27 Pergo (Europe) Ab Guiding means at a joint
US9322162B2 (en) 1998-02-04 2016-04-26 Pergo (Europe) Ab Guiding means at a joint
US7992358B2 (en) 1998-02-04 2011-08-09 Pergo AG Guiding means at a joint
US20040057777A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 2004-03-25 Ola Olofsson Guiding means at a joint
US20040141804A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 2004-07-22 Ola Olofsson Guiding means at a joint
US7380383B2 (en) 1998-02-04 2008-06-03 Pergo (Europe) Ab Guiding means at a joint
WO1999040273A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-12 Perstorp Flooring Ab Guiding means at a joint
US9464443B2 (en) 1998-10-06 2016-10-11 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring material comprising flooring elements which are assembled by means of separate flooring elements
US6526719B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2003-03-04 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Mechanical panel connection
US6497079B1 (en) 2000-03-07 2002-12-24 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Mechanical panel connection
US20080271403A1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2008-11-06 Jorgen Palsson Process for sealing of a joint
US9255414B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2016-02-09 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US10626619B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2020-04-21 Unilin Nordic Ab Flooring material
US10233653B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2019-03-19 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring material
US10156078B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2018-12-18 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US8544233B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2013-10-01 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US8578675B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2013-11-12 Pergo (Europe) Ab Process for sealing of a joint
US9677285B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2017-06-13 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US9611656B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2017-04-04 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US9534397B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2017-01-03 Pergo (Europe) Ab Flooring material
US9316006B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2016-04-19 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US9260869B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2016-02-16 Pergo (Europe) Ab Building panels
US9482013B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-11-01 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9388586B1 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-07-12 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US8904729B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2014-12-09 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US10407920B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2019-09-10 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US10125498B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2018-11-13 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9068356B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2015-06-30 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9856657B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2018-01-02 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9234356B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-01-12 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US8793958B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2014-08-05 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9624676B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2017-04-18 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US8627631B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2014-01-14 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US8631625B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2014-01-21 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9334657B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-05-10 Flooring Industries Limted, Sarl Floor covering
US9376823B1 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-06-28 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9388585B1 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-07-12 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US9394699B1 (en) 2000-06-20 2016-07-19 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor covering
US6681820B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2004-01-27 Pergo (Europe) Ab Process for the manufacturing of joining profiles
US8312686B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2012-11-20 Pergo (Europe) Ab Process for the manufacturing of joining profiles
US20040244196A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-12-09 Satoru Kaimura Metal plate for producing flat tube, flat tube and process for producing the flat tube
US7749609B2 (en) 2001-06-08 2010-07-06 Showa Denko K.K. Metal plate for producing flat tube, flat tube and process for producing the flat tube
US7341099B2 (en) * 2001-06-08 2008-03-11 Showa Denko K.K. Metal plate for producing flat tube, flat tube and process for producing the flat tube
US6647689B2 (en) 2002-02-18 2003-11-18 E.F.P. Floor Products Gmbh Panel, particularly a flooring panel
US7644556B2 (en) * 2007-11-15 2010-01-12 Correct Building Products, L.L.C. Planking system and method
US20090126307A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Martin Grohman Planking system and method
US8631623B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2014-01-21 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US9115500B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2015-08-25 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US8615952B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2013-12-31 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US9464444B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2016-10-11 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US20110173914A1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Nils-Erik Engstrom Set of panels comprising retaining profiles with a separate clip and method for inserting the clip
US9593491B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2017-03-14 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels
US8978334B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2015-03-17 Pergo (Europe) Ab Set of panels

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