US1112757A

US1112757A - Hollow-tile wall.

Info

Publication number: US1112757A
Application number: US63447211A
Authority: US
Inventors: Philip H Bevier
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-06-21
Filing date: 1911-06-21
Publication date: 1914-10-06
Anticipated expiration: 1931-10-06

Description

P. H. BEVIER.

HOLLOW TILE WALL. APPLICATION IILED JUNE 21, 1911.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

WITNESSES ATTOR/VE Y8 UNITED STATES PATENT vOFFICE.

PHILIP H. BEVIEB, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HOLLOW-TILE WALL.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PHILIP I-I. BEVIER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Hollow-Tile Nall, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a hollow .tile wall of that type embodying either a thick flush or raked out joints between the tiles.

Heretofore in constructin walls with raked out joints it has been a di cult problem to retain sui'iicient cement or mortar between the hollow tiles to secure a proper binding effect. Moreover, in the employment of hollow tiles, considerable of the cement or mortar found its way into the chambers of the tiles where it was of no utility.

The present invention overcomes the defects mentioned, among others, and it consists of a hollow tile wall with tile slabs positioned intermediate the individual tiles, for the purpose of precluding the entrance of cement and mortar into the chambers of the tiles, as well as to provide additional binding or cementing surfaces. Moreover, the cement or motor may be raked out between the joints to a suflicient extent to produce the desired finish and yet cover the outer edges of the slabs.

Features of the invention other than those specified will be apparent from the following detailed description.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated different practical embodiments of the invention, but the constructions shown therein are to be understood as illustrative only, and not as defining the limits of the invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hollow tile wall embodying the invention, a portion of said wall being broken and in section, to illustrate one of the imperforate slabs positioned between two of the tiles. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of a wall constructed as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of another embodiment of the invention wherein the hollow tiles are laid on their sides and provided with open ends, a part of said Fig. 3 being broken away to illustrate two of the hollow tiles in section and with interposed imperforate slabs between said tiles. Fig. 4: is an end view of the wall constructed as in Fig. 3.

The hollow tile wall in one embodiment Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 21, 1911.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

Serial No. 634,472.

of the invention is constructed as disclosed in F lgs. 1 and 2. The wall is composed of tiles A and imperforate tile slabs B, each tile and each slab being composed, preferably, of clay material, which is burned or baked in a kiln to secure the required hardness and durability. As shown in Fig. 1, tiles A are assembledin courses, with the tiles of one course breaking joints with the tiles of adjacent courses. Each tile A is open at the top and bottom, and said tile A is positioned on end. The imperforate slabs B occupy horizontal positions between the courses of tiles, each slab B closing the top portion of a subjacent tile and the open bottom portion of a superimposed tile. The width of imperforate slab B is lessthan the width ofthe tiles between which it is interposed, and said slab B is positioned between the tiles of two courses so that the front or outer edge of slab B is rearwardly of the front exposed faces of tiles A. The slab B is united to the edges of the tiles between which it is interposed by mortar or cement as at c c in Fig. 2, for the purpose of uniting the slabs; firmly to the tiles. The mortar or cement unites the tiles in two courses together as at 0 but in this connection it is to be observed that the bonding material may be left flush with the outer faces of the tiles as at 0? in Fig. 2, or it may be raked out as at 0 between the courses of tiles, said bonding material covering the outer edges of the imperforate slabs. The surface of the bonding material may be flush with, or rearwardly of, the front surface of tiles A, for the purpose of securing the desired finished effect in the exposed surfaces of the wall. In raking out the bonding material between the courses of tiles, the material at 0 may be parallel to the surfaces of the tiles, as shown at the lower part of Figs. 1 and 2, or it may be concave, as shown at o in Figs. land 2, or it may be flush at 0 or any other desired effect may be given to the bonding material.

In laying the wall, the first course of tiles A are positioned on end and properly spaced. Before laying the second course of tiles, the workman applies cement or mortar to the top edges of the first course, and then positions imperforate slabs B upon the tiles of the first course. Mortar or cement is thus applied at 0, to slabs B, and the tiles of the second course, are assembled upon the slabs in a manner for the tiles of the second course ot the solid slabs.

to break joints with tiles of the first course. The two courses of tiles are bonded together and to the interposed slabs by the cement or mortar at 0, c, and thereafter the joint between the first and second courses of tiles is raked to cure thestraight ellect or the curved enect c, or the flush effect 0, shown in Fins. l and 2. In raking out the mortar or cement, su'l'hcient bonding material is removed between the course of tiles to expose the ed es of the tiles at the top and bottom there 0 but enough of this bonding; material leit in the spaces between the tiles of the first and second courses to coyer the outer edges or" the slabs and to unite the tiles of the courses firmly together.

It is noted that slabs B are of such dimensions as to completely close the chambers in the tiles at the open ends thereof, said slabs forming integral parts of the wall by reason of the interposition of the slabs between. the adjacent open sides of the hollow tiles and by uniting s, slabs to the tiles through the agency of the bonding materizl, Accordingly, it is to be understood that slabs l3 are not positioned within the chambers of the tiles; but to secure the important eiliect of a raked out joint between the adjacent edges of the tiles, as well as to close the chambers of said tiles against the admission or the bonding material, it is deemed essential that slab 1} shall occupy a peculiar relation to the tiles. To secure the two results specified, each slab corresponds sulustantially to the cross sectional shape of the tiles, and the external dimensions o't said slab exceeds the internal dimensions of the chambers in the tiles, altl'iough said slab is of less dimensions than the external dimensions of the tiles at the adjacent open sides thereof. By employing a slab the external dimensions of. which eX- ceeds the 3' iterual dii'nensions of the chambers in the hollow tiles between the open sides of which the slab is to be used, I am enabled to position each slab between the tiles in such manner as to close the open sides or ends of? the chambers against the admission of the bonding material, whereby the slabs are united by the bonding material to the adjacent walls or faces of the tiles so as to secure a strong substantial joint between the tiles and slabs, and the thickness of the slabs is utilized in the dimensions ot the wall, a. tie slabs form. an integral. part of the wall and the strength and solidity thereof increased by the use At the same time, the edge of the slab at the exposed face of the wall is positioned well to the rear of said exposed face, for the reason that the slab is of less width than the external dimensions of the tiles between which it is interposed. It follows that the slab, lying in a plane between. the faces of the tiles at the meeting 7 sides or end hereof, and with one edge of the slab positioned in the rear of the exposed iace of the wall, presents an abuti'ncnt for the loognnent of the bonding material at the exposed face 01": the wall, as a result of which some ot the mortar or bonding material can be raked out of the joint between the tiles at the face of the wall without in any way in'ipairing the strength of the wall tor the reason that the weight of the superimposed tilcs is borne or arried by the interposed slabs. Thus, some of the bonding material between the courses of tiles may be removed to secure the effect of the raked out joints at the surface of the wall, with out impairing the solidity ind strength of fsaid wall, but, preferably, .ioug'h of the .mortar is left to conceal the edges of the slabs, the latter presenting aoutment for the loc gamut of the mortar and precluding the mortar, when pressed inwardly by the ,operation of the raking, out tool, from flowdog into the chambers of the hollow tiles.

, In a preferred embodiment of the invenltion wherein tiles are positioned on end the wall is ccanposed of outer rows o'l tiles 1%., ,with interposed slabs El, and inner rows of superimposed tiles (l, C, shown more particularly in The tiles C, are composed of clay, burned to the required hardness in a kiln and pro-vied with internal iwebs d, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l'lhe individual tiles C of the inner row are higher than the individual tiles A of the outer row, or in other words, the vertical. 'dlmei'isions of tile (l exceeds the vertical (liiuensions of tile A. As shown, one tile U is equal in height to two suporim nised tiles fl. and the intermediate slabs l Tiles C of the inner row are not as high as tiles C of said inner row, but tiles C are wider horizontally considered than tiles Q. As shown, tiles C are equal in he ,iht to tiles A, and in laying the all tiles (1 are positioned upon tiles (1 so as to overlap tiles A and slabs l3, narrower tiles Q being employed in the same horizontal plane as the tiles A of the outer rows.

In constructing the wall, as shown in Fig. 2, the workman is called upon to lay tyo rows of different tiles. The tiles C, at the bottom of the inner row, are first placed in position and then two courses of tiles A, and two courses of slabs B, are assembled. so that the tiles A and the slabs will be united by bonding material at e to the tiles C, the braiding, material being applied to tiles A. and slabs B in the manner heretofore described. The assemblage of tiles A, slabs B and tiles C brings the second course of slabs B substantially flush with the ends of tiles C. The operator now places tiles C, C in position, tiles C being cemented to tiles 0 at e and said tiles C overlapping the second course of slabs l3 and tiles A. 'lliles C are now placed in position so as to finish the front surface of the wall, said tiles 0 being united by cement to tiles C and to the slabs of the second course. By overlapping the tiles C of the inner row with tiles A of the outer row, the tiles A of less depth are bonded into the tiles C of greater depth, thus securing great strength and solidity, with increased weight carrying capacity in the wall. Obviously, other tiles C, C, 0 together with tiles A and slabs B are assembled in the manner described until the wall reaches the desired height.

Tiles C of the inner row may be imposed upon, and united to, the wider tiles C of said inner row, as shown at the lower part f Fig. 2, but if desired, I may, and preferably do, employ slabs B between the courses of tiles C, C of the inner row, as shown at the upper part of Fig. 2. After tiles C of the inner row, and tiles A and slabs B of the outer row are placed in position, other slabs B and slabs B are positioned over the tiles A of the outer row and tiles C of the inner row, respectively, so that slabs B and B will be united to the tiles A and C, respectively, by mortar or cement as heretofore described. The tiles C C are thus united by mortar or cement to the slabs B and B, respectively, as shown in 2, so as to secure the desired bonding effect.

As heretofore described, tiles A are utilized in the construction of a wall in such manner that the open top and bottom of said tiles will be closed by horizontal slabs B, but the invention may be modified by employing tiles D which are positioned on their sides, in which event vertically positioned slabs E are employed, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Each tile D is closed at its top, bottom and sides, but the ends of said tiles D are open. Tiles D are laid on their sides in horizontal courses, with the tiles of one course breaking joints with the tiles of adjacent courses. The tiles are united by bonding material f which is raked out so that the surfaces of the bonding material will be rearwardly of the front exposed surfaces of the tiles, the edges of said tiles being exposed to view.

Slabs E are positioned at the open ends of tiles D in a manner to close the chambers in said tiles and to preclude the admission of mortar or cement thereto. Each slab E is positioned between two adjacent open ended tiles, said slab being united to one tile by cement at g and to the other tile by cement at g. As shown in 4, the width of slab E is less than the width of the end of the tiles between which it is interposed, so that the front edge of slab E is rearwardly of the front face of tiles D. The front edges of slabs E are covered by the cement or mortar at f in Fig. 4:, the mortar being left flush or being raked out to a sufficient extent to bring the surface of the mortar rearwardly of the surface of tiles D and yet cover the front edges of slabs E, thus retaining one of the salient features of the invention.

The horizontally placed tiles D, and vertically positioned slabs E, are utilized in the construction of a double wall substantially as shown in Fig. 4t, and in a manner similar to the double wall construction of Fig. 2. Vertically positioned tiles F, F (similar to tiles C, C) are employed in the construction of the wall of Fig. a in conjunction with horizontally placed tiles D and slabs E. Tiles F are laid or installed at the bottom of the inner row, and tiles D and slabs E are then placed in position so that the tiles D and slabs E will be cemented to tiles l3 thus bringing the two courses of tiles and slabs in the outer row substantially flush with the tops of tiles F in the inner row. Tiles 1 are now placed in position upon the tiles F so as to overlap the second course of tiles D and slabs E in order to secure the desired bonding efiect between the tiles of the inner and outer rows, and thereafter other tiles F, and tiles D, and slabs E are assembled until the wall reaches the desired. height.

It is to be observed that the wall constructed in Figs. 3 and 4t embodies the salient features of the invention of a wall constructed as in Figs. 1 and 2.

While I have shown and described the wall as composed of fire clay or pottery tiles it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the blocks may be composed of mate rial other than fire clay, as for instance, cement or concrete material may be used in the manufacture of the blocks. Furthen more, the slabs may be composed either of fire clay, cement, concrete or other material suitable for the purpose.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A hollow tile wall embodying hollow tiles the chambers of which are open through surfaces of said tiles, and slabs positioned between said tiles, with the edges of said slabs in the rear of the surface of the wall, the dimensions of each slab exceeding the dimensions of the opening of the tile chamber and said slab arranged to close said opening for precluding the admission of bonding material into the tile chamber.

2. A hollow tile wall embodying hollow tiles the chambers of which open. through the surfaces of said tiles, imperforate slabs the dimensions of which exceed that of the open ings of the tile chambers, each slab closing the opening in one tile chamber and precluding the entrance of bonding material into the tile chamber, and bonding material for uniting the slabs to the adjacent tiles, one

edge of each slab being positioned in the rear of the surface of the wall and said edge of the slab being covered by the bonding material between the tiles.

A wall embodying chambered open ended blocks, imperforate slabs closing the open ends of the blocks, the forward edge of each slab being in the rear of the exposed surface of the wall, and bonding material uniting the blocks and slabs into a solid structure, the forward edges of said slabs forming an abutment to preclude the entry into the open ended blocks of the bonding material in raking out the latter between the joints of said blocks.

4:. A wall embodying hollow blocks open at their ends and imperforate tile slabs positioned intermediate the opposing end faces of said blocks and united by bonding material to the blocks, the external dimensions of each tile slab being less than the end dimensions of said blocks and each slab being exterior to the chambers in two adjacent hollow blocks between which said slab is interposed.

A wall embodying hollow tile bloc-ks provided with open ends, imperforate tile slabs positioned intermediate the opposing end faces of said hollow blocks and closing said open ends thereof, the length of each tile slab being less than the width of the hollow block and each slab being exterior throughout the surfaces and edge portions thereof to the chambers in two hollow blocks between which said slab is interposed, and bonding material uniting the face portions of the slabs to the end faces of said hollow blocks, the front edge portion of each slab being forwardly of the chambers in the hollow blocks.

6. A wall embodying hollow tile blocks open at their ends, and tile slabs positioned intermediate the opposing end portions of the hollow blocks and exteriorly to the chambers in said blocks, said tile slabs being united. at their face portions to the end faces of said blocks by bonding material and the forward edges of said slabs being rearwardly of the front exposed surface of the wall, said forward edges of the slabs forming abutments for the .lodgment of the bonding material in raking out the oints between the hollow blocks.

7. A hollow tile wall embodying hollow open ended tiles positioned on end and as sembled for the tiles of one course to break joints with the tiles of adjacent courses, imperforate slabs positioned between the ad jacent courses of tiles and closing the open ends of the chambers in said tiles, the width of each slab exceeding the width of the chambers in the tiles, and bonding material uniting the slabs to the tiles, the front edges of said slabs being covered by the bonding material.

8. A wall embodying hollow tile blocks open at their ends, tile slabs positioned intermediate the open ends of said hollow blocks and closing said open ends thereof, the surface dimensions of each slab exceeding the cross sectional area of the chambers in said hollow blocks, and bonding material uniting the face portions of said slabs to the end faces of the hollow blocks the forward edge of each slab being in the rear of the exposed surface of the wall and the bonding material at the joint between the hollow blocks being raked out, said forward edges f the interposed tile slabs forming abutments for the bonding material in raking out said joints.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIP H. BEVIER.

Witnesses H. BERNHARD, J. 1*. Mo'rrInRsHEAn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the fiommissioner of latents,

Washington, D. C.