JP2009519457A - X線断層撮影検査システム - Google Patents
X線断層撮影検査システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009519457A JP2009519457A JP2008545089A JP2008545089A JP2009519457A JP 2009519457 A JP2009519457 A JP 2009519457A JP 2008545089 A JP2008545089 A JP 2008545089A JP 2008545089 A JP2008545089 A JP 2008545089A JP 2009519457 A JP2009519457 A JP 2009519457A
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Abstract
【解決手段】物品を検査するX線画像化検査システムは、撮像容積(16)の周りに延在し、放射されるX線が撮像容積を通過できるように配向された複数の点状放射源(14)を構成するX線放射源(10)を有する。X線検出器アレー(12)は同様に走査容積の周りに延在し、点状放射源からの撮像容積(16)を通過したX線を検出し、この検出されたX線に基づく出力信号を生成するように構成されている。コンベヤ(20)は撮像容積(16)を通過して物品が運ばれるように構成されている。
【選択図】図1
Description
nλ=2dsinθ
ここで、
nは整数、
λはX線の波長、
dは対象物内の原子間距離である。
8 走査部
10 多焦点X線放射源
11 放射源ユニット
12 X線検出器アレー
13 導電性金属製サプレッサ
14 点状放射源
15 エミッタ素子
16 走査領域
17 グリッドワイヤ
18 制御部
19 収束ワイヤ
20 コンベヤベルト
21 支持レール
22 X線散乱遮へい部
23 接続部材
24 鉛ゴム製のれん
25 電気的接続部材
26 物品
27 アノード
29 電気的接続部材
30 処理システム
32 電源
34 冷却ラック
40 仕分け装置
42 コンベヤ経路
44 コンベヤ経路
45 回線
46 制御線
47 画面
48 ワークステーション
49 使用者入力部
50 X線検出器
52 多重化ブロック
53 選択ブロック
54 逆投影加重処理エレメント
55 フォーマット処理ブロック
60 危険性検出プロセッサ
62 断層撮影画像データ
63 低レベルパラメータ抽出部
64 決定木
65 データベース検索部
70 RTT走査システム
72 RTT走査システム
74 コンベヤベルト
81b RTT走査装置
81c 中央ループ部
82 RTT走査システム
82b RTT走査装置
82c 各仕分け装置
83b RTT走査装置
83c 各仕分け装置
84 RTT走査システム
84b 仕分け装置
84c 各仕分け装置
85b 仕分け装置
85c RTT走査装置
86 第1の主搬入コンベヤ
86b 仕分け装置
86c RTT走査装置
87b 共通不合格経路コンベヤ
87c RTT走査装置
88 第1の仕分け装置
88b 共通合格経路コンベヤ
88c 共通搬出コンベヤ
89b 予備RTT走査装置
89c 仕分け装置
90 コンベヤ
90b 仕分け装置
92 コンベヤ
94 仕分け装置
96 仕分け装置
98 共通コンベヤ
100 コンベヤ
108 走査システム
109 リアルタイムディスクアレー
110 冗長ビデオ切換部
112 冗長イーサネット(登録商標)切換部
148 操作者用ワークステーション
160 コンベヤベルト
162 主散乱遮へい部
164 走査装置
208 走査ユニット
218 制御ラック
230 処理ラック
232 電源ラック
234 冷却ラック
300 X線ビーム
302 対象物
410 多焦点X線放射源
410a X線点状放射源
412 円状検出器アレー
420 コンベヤ
422 円筒状検出器アレー
422a 検出器
426 対象物
428 コリメータ
500 マルチチャンネルアナライザ
502 多重化処理部
504 参照テーブル
506 画像メモリ
508 メモリ領域
510 投影像シーケンス制御部
512 主RTTデータ取得システム
512a 検出器
512b 検出器
513 金属製フィルタ
602 ターゲット領域
604 ターゲット領域
606 母材
612 電極
614 電極
616 電子ビーム
710 検出器アレー
712 高解像度検出器アレー
714 線状アレー
716 線状アレー
718 検出器
750 積分器
750a 積分器
750b 積分器
752 増幅器
754 コンデンサ
756 入力スイッチ
758 リセットスイッチ
759 リセットスイッチ
760 マルチプレクシングスイッチ
760a 出力スイッチ
760b 出力スイッチ
812 高解像度アレー
818 検出器
Claims (67)
- X線走査システムと、ワークステーションと、前記X線走査システムを前記ワークステーションに接続するように構成された接続手段とを有するネットワーク検査システムであって、前記X線走査システムは、走査容積の周りに延在し、放射されるX線が前記走査容積を通過できるように配向された複数の点状放射源を構成するX線放射源と、同様に前記走査容積の周りに延在し、前記点状放射源からの前記走査容積を通過したX線を検出し、前記検出されたX線に基づく出力信号を生成するように構成されたX線検出器アレーと、前記走査容積を通過して物品が運ばれるように構成されたコンベヤとを備えることを特徴とするネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記X線放射源は電子ビームを複数の各電子源位置から発生させるように構成された電子源を備え、前記電子ビームはそれぞれX線をアノード上の各X線放射源位置から発生させるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記電子源位置は前記走査容積の周りに配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記走査容積の複数の部分におけるX線の減衰レベルを示す減衰データを前記検出器出力信号から生成するように構成された処理手段を更に有する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記走査装置はコンベヤに沿って移動するような各物品の複数の領域を走査するように構成され、前記減衰データは各前記領域の部分の減衰レベルを示すことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記減衰データは走査された物品の画像を生成するのに適した画像データ形式であることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記画像データは3次元断層撮影画像を生成するのに適していることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記画像データから得られる画像を表示するように構成された表示手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記減衰データを解析し、前記減衰データのパラメータに基づく出力信号を生成するように構成された解析手段を有することを特徴とする請求項4から8のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記解析手段は各前記物品を複数の区分の1つに割り当てるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 少なくとも部分的には前記解析手段からの前記出力信号に基づき前記物品を仕分けするように構成された仕分け手段を更に有する請求項10に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記解析手段は使用者入力部から生成される使用者入力信号を受信し、少なくとも部分的には前記使用者入力信号に基づき前記物品を割り当てるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 1セットの走査データを生成するように構成された走査システムと、複数のワークステーションと、前記走査システムを各前記ワークステーションに接続するように構成された接続手段と、どの前記ワークステーションが前記走査システムからの前記走査データを受信するかを選択するように構成された切換手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 走査データのセットを生成するようにそれぞれ構成された複数の走査システムと、ワークステーションと、各前記走査システムを前記ワークステーションに接続するように構成された接続手段と、どの前記走査データのセットを前記ワークステーションに送るかを選択するように構成された切換手段とを有する請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 走査データのセットを生成するようにそれぞれ構成された複数の走査システムと、複数のワークステーションと、各前記走査システムを各前記ワークステーションに接続するように構成された接続手段と、どの前記ワークステーションが各前記走査システムからの各データのセットを受信するかを選択するように構成された切換手段とを有する請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 各走査システムは複数の物品それぞれに対する画像データのセットと、前記物品が割り当てられた区分に対応する割り当てデータのセットを生成するように構成され、前記切換手段は各物品に対する前記画像データを同じ物品に対する前記割り当てデータと同じ前記ワークステーションに送られるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項15に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 前記X線検出器アレーは前記X線放射源に関して、軸方向にずれていることを特徴とする請求項1から16のいずれか1項に記載のネットワーク検査システム。
- 物品を仕分けする仕分けシステムであって、各物品の複数の走査領域を走査することによって走査装置出力を生成するように構成された断層撮影走査装置と、前記走査装置出力を解析して各物品を複数の区分の1つに少なくとも部分的には前記走査装置出力に基づき割り当てるように構成された解析手段と、物品を少なくとも部分的には前記物品が割り当てられた区分に基づき仕分けするように構成された仕分け手段とを有する仕分けシステム。
- 前記仕分け手段は前記物品を搬入箇所で受け入れ、各前記区分の1つにそれぞれ対応する複数の搬出箇所の1つに各前記物品を転送するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記物品を前記搬入箇所と、更なる走査装置に運ぶように構成された搬入コンベヤを更に有し、各前記走査装置は物品を前記走査装置に通して運ぶように構成された走査コンベヤと、物品を前記搬入コンベヤから各前記走査コンベヤ上に仕分けするように構成された仕分け手段を有することを特徴とする請求項19に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記搬入コンベヤは前記走査コンベヤよりも速く移動するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記物品を前記走査装置の搬出箇所と、更なる走査装置から運ぶように構成された搬出コンベヤを更に備え、各前記走査装置は物品を前記走査装置に通して運ぶように構成された走査コンベヤと、物品を各前記走査コンベヤから前記搬入コンベヤ上に仕分けするように構成された仕分け手段を有することを特徴とする請求項19に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記搬出コンベヤは前記走査コンベヤよりも速く移動するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項22に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 画像を前記走査装置出力から生成するように構成された画像化手段と、使用者が使用者入力信号を発生させることができるように構成された使用者入力部を更に有し、前記解析手段は前記物品を少なくとも部分的には前記使用者入力信号に基づき割り当てるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項18から23のいずれか1項に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記解析手段は前記走査装置出力に基づく各物品の仮割り当てと、前記走査装置出力と前記使用者入力とに基づく各物品の最終割り当てとを生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 各物品を前記走査装置から前記仕分け手段に運び、前記使用者が前記使用者入力信号を発生させることができる間、各物品の前記走査と仕分けの間に遅延時間を設けるように構成された搬送手段を更に有する請求項25に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 各前記区分は、これに対応するコンベヤを有し、前記仕分けシステムは更に前記コンベヤの1つの上で物品を走査するように構成された予備走査装置と、前記予備走査装置が前記物品を適切な前記区分に割り当てるべきと判断した場合、物品を前記コンベヤの1つから他の前記コンベヤへ転送するように構成された更なる仕分け手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項18から26のいずれか1項に記載の仕分けシステム。
- 前記解析手段は複数の走査装置を備え、前記仕分けシステムは更に、物品を複数の搬入コンベヤから受け入れるように構成された環状コンベヤと、物品を前記環状コンベヤから取り込み、前記物品を各前記走査装置の1つに転送するように構成された複数の仕分け装置とを備えることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の仕分けシステム。
- X線を走査領域の周りにある複数のX線放射源位置から発生させるように構成されたX線放射源と、前記走査領域を透過したX線を検出するように構成された第1の検出器セットと、前記走査領域内の散乱X線を検出するように構成された第2の検出器セットと、前記第1の検出器セットからの出力を処理して前記走査領域の画像を構成する画像データを生成し、前記画像データを解析して前記画像内の対象物を識別し、前記第2の検出器セットからの出力を処理して散乱データを生成し、前記散乱データの各部分を前記対象物に対応させるように構成された処理手段とを有するX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は前記散乱データに基づき前記走査領域内の異なる位置からの散乱レベル量を測定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項29に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記散乱は可干渉性の散乱であることを特徴とする請求項30に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は、散乱X線を検出した前記検出器の位置と、前記走査領域に向けられた前記X線の方向から、前記X線が散乱した位置を測定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項31に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記散乱は非干渉性の散乱であることを特徴とする請求項29または30に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は前記画像データから前記散乱X線が散乱した可能性のある位置を示す尺度を測定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項29から31のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は前記画像内の複数の画素を形成し、前記対象物に対応するものとして少なくとも1つの前記画素を識別し、前記散乱データの各部分を各画素に対応させるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項29から34のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記2セットの検出器は前記X線放射源に対向する側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項29から35のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記第1の検出器セットは前記X線走査システムの軸を規定する円弧上に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項29から36のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記第2の検出器セットは前記X線走査システムの軸の周りにある複数の円弧上に配置され、前記円弧は前記軸に沿って間隔を置いていることを特徴とする請求項37に記載のX線走査システム。
- X線走査装置からのデータを収集するデータ収集システムであって、画像の各領域にそれぞれ対応する複数の領域を有するメモリと、複数のX線検出器からの入力データを所定の順序で受信するように構成されたデータ入力手段と、前記入力データから前記画像の各前記領域に対応するX線透過データとX線散乱データを生成し、前記X線透過データと前記X線散乱データを適切な前記メモリ領域に保存するように構成された処理手段とを有するデータ収集システム。
- 前記処理手段は、どの領域に前記データの任意の部分が対応するかを、少なくとも部分的には、どの検出器から前記データが受信されたかに基づき判定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項39に記載のデータ収集システム。
- 前記処理手段は、どの領域に前記データの任意の部分が対応するかを、少なくとも部分的には、前記X線が発生した位置に基づき判定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項39または40に記載のデータ収集システム。
- 参照テーブルに保存された記載項目を有する前記参照テーブルを更に有し、前記参照テーブルは各前記検出器を前記画像の各領域に対応させることを特徴とする請求項39から41のいずれか1項に記載のデータ収集システム。
- 前記処理手段は、対象物の複数の各断層撮影走査に対する画像データを、前記対象物が画像化領域を通過する際に前記メモリに保存し、前記画像データを前記メモリから各前記走査の後に取り出して以降の走査についての画像データを前記メモリに保存できるようにすることを特徴とする請求項39から42のいずれか1項に記載のデータ収集システムを有するX線画像化システム。
- 前記処理手段は前記断層撮影走査による前記画像データを合成して前記対象物の3次元画像を生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項43に記載のX線画像化システム。
- 対象物を走査して前記対象物の断層撮影X線画像を構成する走査データを生成するように構成された走査装置と、前記走査データを解析して前記画像データの少なくとも1つのパラメータを抽出して前記対象物を少なくとも1つの前記パラメータに基づいて複数の区分の1つに割り当てるように構成された処理手段とを有するX線走査システム。
- 対象物を搬入部で受け入れ、前記対象物が割り当てられた前記区分に基づき複数の搬出部の1つに前記対象物を転送するように構成された仕分け手段を更に有する請求項45に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記走査データは散乱データを含むように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項45または46に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記走査データは投影画像を形成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項45から47のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は前記画像の領域を識別し、前記領域の1つを解析することによって前記パラメータを識別するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項45から48のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記処理手段は、前記画像の画素が領域に属するかどうかを、前記画素に対応する値を相当する前記領域に対応する値と比較することにより判定し、所定の関係が前記2つの値の間に成り立つ場合、前記領域の前記画素を含めるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項49に記載のX線走査システム。
- デジタル画像の領域を識別する手段であって、
a)前記領域の初期領域を定めるステップと、
b)前記初期領域の外部の画素を識別するステップと、
c)前記画素の対応する値を判定するステップと、
d)前記初期領域の対応する値を判定するステップと、
e)前記値を比較し、所定の関係が前記2つの値の間に成り立つ場合、前記領域の前記画素を含めるステップとを有する手段。 - 前記画素は前記初期領域に隣接することを特徴とする請求項51に記載の手段。
- 前記領域に隣接する全ての画素が調べられ、前記領域に加える画素がなくなるまで、ステップb)からe)を繰り返すステップを更に有する請求項51または52に記載の手段。
- 前記値は明度値であることを特徴とする請求項51から53のいずれか1項に記載の手段。
- 前記所定の関係は前記初期領域における平均明度の所定の範囲内にある前記画素の明度から成ることを特徴とする請求項54に記載の手段。
- デジタル画像の領域を識別するシステムであって、請求項51から55のいずれか1項に記載のステップを実行するように構成された処理手段を有するシステム。
- 前記処理手段は前記走査データから複数のパラメータを抽出するように構成され、前記走査データから各パラメータを抽出する操作を並行して行うように構成された複数のパラメータ抽出モジュールを有することを特徴とする請求項45から50のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 前記パラメータから情報を得るように構成された決定木を更に有する請求項45から50または57のいずれか1項に記載のX線走査システム。
- 走査装置と処理手段を有するX線走査システムであって、前記走査装置は2つの異なるエネルギーのX線を発生させるように構成されたX線放射源と各周波数における前記X線を検出して2つの各走査装置出力を生成するように構成された検出器とを有し、前記走査装置は対象物の複数の領域を走査するように構成され、前記処理手段は前記検出器からの信号を処理して、複数の断層撮影画像データのセットを生成し、前記データのセットを合成して前記対象物の3次元画像を生成するように構成され、前記処理手段は前記2つの走査装置出力を合成して前記画像データのセットを生成するように構成されていることを特徴とするX線走査システム。
- 走査装置と処理手段を有し、前記走査装置は複数の点状放射源からX線を発生させるように構成されたX線放射源と前記X線を検出するように構成された第1と第2の検出器アレーとを有し、前記処理手段は前記第1の検出器アレーからの信号を処理して走査された対象物の断層撮影画像データを生成し、前記第2の検出器アレーからの信号を処理して、走査された前記対象物の投影画像データを生成するように構成され、前記処理手段は走査された前記対象物の前記断層撮影画像データと前記投影画像データを処理して走査された前記対象物を複数の区分の1つに割り当てるように構成されていることを特徴とするX線走査仕分けシステム。
- 各前記第2の検出器アレーはデータ収集手段に接続され、前記データ収集手段は前記第2の検出器アレーの各センサーから同時にデータを収集して前記投影画像データを生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項60に記載のX線走査仕分けシステム。
- 前記データ収集手段は、2つの各点状放射源が動作している時、前記第2の検出器アレーの前記センサーからデータを収集して、2セットの投影画像データを生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項61に記載のX線走査仕分けシステム。
- 前記処理手段は前記2セットの投影画像データを合成して3次元画像を生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項62に記載のX線走査仕分けシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の添付図面のいずれかを参照して明細書において説明したものと実質的に同様なX線走査システム。
- 1つまたは複数の添付図面のいずれかを参照して明細書において説明したものと実質的に同様な手荷物仕分けシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の添付図面のいずれかを参照して明細書において説明したものと実質的に同様なデータ収集システム。
- 1つまたは複数の添付図面のいずれかを参照して明細書において説明したものと実質的に同様なデジタル画像の領域を識別する手段。
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