JP6490590B2 - 高い吸収性材料含量を有する吸収性物品 - Google Patents
高い吸収性材料含量を有する吸収性物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6490590B2 JP6490590B2 JP2015545922A JP2015545922A JP6490590B2 JP 6490590 B2 JP6490590 B2 JP 6490590B2 JP 2015545922 A JP2015545922 A JP 2015545922A JP 2015545922 A JP2015545922 A JP 2015545922A JP 6490590 B2 JP6490590 B2 JP 6490590B2
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Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Description
−液体透過性トップシートと、
−液体不透過性バックシートと、
−長手方向軸線の両側で、おむつの前縁部と後縁部との間に少なくとも部分的に延び、少なくともクロッチ点の長手方向位置に存在する、一対のバリアレッグカフであって、各バリアレッグカフが、トップシート及び/又はバックシートに直接的若しくは間接的に接合された近位縁部、並びに自由末端縁部によって画定される、一対のバリアレッグカフと、
−吸収性材料を封入するコアラップを備える吸収性コアであって、この吸収性材料は、吸収性材料の少なくとも80重量%の超吸収性ポリマーを含み、吸収性コアは、その物品の長手方向に少なくとも部分的に方向付けられた、少なくとも1つのチャネルを備える、吸収性コアとを備える。
本明細書で使用するとき、用語「吸収性物品」は、着用者の身体に接触又は近接して配置され、身体から排出される様々な滲出物を吸収及び収容する、小児用又は成人用おむつ、トレーニングパンツなどの、使い捨て装置を指す。典型的には、これらの物品は、トップシート、バックシート、吸収性コア、及び任意選択の(1つ又は幾つかの層を含み得る)獲得システム、並びに典型的には他の構成要素を備え、吸収性コアは、通常、バックシートと獲得システム又はトップシートとの間に配置される。
小児用おむつ20の形態の、本発明による例示的吸収性物品を、図1〜3に示す。図1は、平坦化された状態の、例示的おむつ20の平面図であり、おむつ20の構造をより明瞭に示すために、その構造体の諸部分が切り取られている本発明は、多種多様なおむつ又は他の吸収性物品を作製するために使用することができるため、このおむつ20は、説明目的のみのために示される。
トップシート24は、着用者の皮膚と直接接触する、吸収性物品の部分である。トップシート24は、バックシート25、コア28、及び/又は当該技術分野において既知の任意の他の層に接合することができる。通常、トップシート24及びバックシート25は、幾つかの箇所で(例えば、物品の周縁部上、又は周縁部の近くで)互いに直接接合され、他の箇所では、おむつ20の1つ以上の他の要素に直接それらのシートを接合することによって、間接的に一体に接合される。
バックシート25は、一般的に、吸収性コア28の衣類に面する表面に隣接して位置決めされた、物品20の部分であり、吸収性コア28内に吸収及び収容された滲出物が、ベッドシーツ及び下着などの物品を汚すことを防ぐ。バックシート25は、典型的には、液体(例えば、尿)に対して不透過性である。このバックシートは、例えば、約0.012mm〜約0.051mmの厚さを有する熱可塑性フィルムなどの、薄いプラスチックフィルムとするか、又は薄いプラスチックフィルムを含み得る。例示的なバックシートフィルムとしては、Tredegar Corporation(Richmond,VAを拠点)により製造され、商品名CPC2フィルムで販売されているものが挙げられる。他の好適なバックシート材料としては、おむつ20から蒸気が逃れることを可能にしつつ、バックシート25を滲出物が通過することを依然として防ぐ、通気性材料を挙げることができる。例示的な通気性材料としては、織布ウェブ、不織布ウェブなどの材料、フィルムコーティングされた不織布ウェブなどの複合材料、Mitsui Toatsu Co.(Japan)により商品名ESPOIR NOで製造されるもの、及びTredegar Corporation(Richmond,VA)により製造され商品名EXAIREで販売されているものなどの微多孔性フィルム、並びにClopay Corporation(Cincinnati,OH)によりHYTRELブレンドP18−3097の名称で製造されているものなどのモノリシックフィルムを挙げることができる。そのような通気性複合材料は、E.I.DuPontの名義で1995年6月22日に公開されたPCT出願国際公開第95/16746号、米国特許第5,938,648号(LaVonら)、同第4,681,793号(Linmanら)、同第5,865,823号(Curro)、及び同第5,571,096号(Dobrinら)、同第6,946,585(B2)号(London Brown)で、より詳細に説明されている。
本明細書で使用するとき、用語「吸収性コア」は、最大の吸収能力を有し、吸収性材料、及びその吸収性材料を封入するコアラップを備える、物品の個別構成要素を指す。用語「吸収性コア」は、獲得/分配システム又は層、あるいは、コアラップの一体部分でもなくコアラップ内部に配置されるものでもない物品の任意の他の構成要素を、包含するものではない。このコアは、以下で定義されるようなコアラップ、吸収性材料、及びコアラップ内部に封入される接着剤から本質的になるか、若しくはそれらからなるものとすることができる。
本明細書で使用するとき、「超吸収性ポリマー」(「SAP」)は、遠心分離保持容量(CRC)試験(EDANA法WSP 241.2−05E)を使用して測定される、その重量の少なくとも10倍の0.9%生理食塩水溶液を吸収することが可能な、架橋ポリマー材料である吸収性材料を指す。使用されるSAPは、特に、20g/g超、又は24g/g超、又は20〜50g/g、又は20〜40g/g、又は24〜30g/gのCRC値を有し得る。本発明で有用なSAPとしては、非水溶性ではあるが大量の流体を吸収することが可能な、様々な水膨潤性ポリマーが挙げられる。
コアラップは、吸収性材料の周囲で折り畳まれる単一の基材で作製することができ、又は有利には、2つ(以上)の基材を含み得るものであり、それらの基材は、もう一方の基材に取り付けられる。典型的な取り付けは、いわゆるCラップ及び/又はサンドイッチラップである。Cラップでは、図2及び図7で例示的に示されるように、基材のうちの一方の長手方向縁部及び/又は横断方向縁部が、他方の基材の上に折り畳まれて、フラップを形成する。次いで、これらのフラップは、典型的には接着によって、他方の基材の外側表面に結合される。
吸収性材料堆積区域8は、吸収性コアの上側部から見て、コアラップ内部の吸収性材料60によって形成された層の周縁部によって、画定することができる。吸収性材料堆積区域8は、様々な形状を取ることが可能であり、特に、コアの中央領域又は「クロッチ」領域に向けて、その幅に沿ったテーパリングを示す、いわゆる「ドッグボーン」形状又は「砂時計」形状を示し得る。この方式では、吸収性材料堆積区域は、図1に示すように、吸収性物品のクロッチ領域内に配置されることが意図されるコアの区域内で、比較的狭い幅を有し得る。このことは、例えば、より良好な着用快適性をもたらし得る。吸収性材料堆積区域8は、それゆえ、その最も狭い地点で、約100mm、90m、80mm、70mm、60mm未満、又は更に約50mm未満である(横断方向で測定される)幅を有し得る。この最も狭い幅は、更には、堆積区域8の前側領域及び/又は後側領域内の、その堆積区域の最も広い地点での幅よりも、例えば、少なくとも5mm、又は少なくとも10mm小さくすることができる。吸収性材料堆積区域8はまた、例えば図4〜6に示すように、概して矩形にすることもできるが、「T」又は「Y」又は「砂時計」又は「ドッグボーン」形状などの、他の堆積区域もまた使用することができる。
吸収性材料堆積区域8は、物品80の長手方向に少なくとも部分的に方向付けられた、少なくとも1つのチャネル26を含む。複数形の「チャネル」が、以下で使用される場合には、「少なくとも1つのチャネル」を意味するものとする。これらのチャネルは、物品の長さLの少なくとも10%である、物品の長手方向軸線80上に投影される長さL’を有し得る。チャネルは、様々な方式で形成することができる。例えば、チャネルは、吸収性材料、特にSAPを実質的に含み得ない、吸収性材料堆積区域内の領域によって形成することができる。更には、又は代替的には、チャネルはまた、吸収性材料堆積区域を通って、連続的又は不連続的に、コアラップの底側部にコアラップの上側部を結合することによって形成することもできる。チャネルは、有利には連続的なものとすることができるが、チャネルが断続的なものであることを排除するものではない。トップシートと吸収性コア層との間の獲得/分配システム若しくは任意の副層、又は物品の別の層もまた、チャネルを含み得るが、そのチャネルは、吸収性コアのチャネルに対応する場合もあれば、又は対応しない場合もある。
吸収性物品は、一対のバリアレッグカフ34を備える。バリアレッグカフは、1個の材料、典型的には不織布から形成することができ、この材料は、物品の残部に部分的に結合されることにより、例えば図1に示すように物品が平坦に引張された場合、その材料の一部分であるバリアレッグカフは、トップシートによって画定される平面から、部分的に隆起して離れ、立ち上がることができる。バリアレッグカフは、着用者の胴体と脚との接合部付近での、液体及び他の身体滲出物の改善された収容を提供することができる。バリアレッグカフは、長手方向軸線の両側で、おむつの前縁部と後縁部との間で少なくとも部分的に延び、少なくともクロッチ点(C)のレベルに存在する。バリアレッグカフは、物品の残部、典型的にはトップシート及び/又はバックシートに接合された、近位縁部64と、着用者の皮膚と接触して封止部を形成するように意図された、自由末端縁部66とによって画定される。バリアレッグカフは、近位縁部64で、結合部65によって物品のシャーシと接合され、この結合部65は、例えば、接着、溶融結合、又は既知の結合手段の組み合わせによって作製することができる。近位縁部64の結合部65は、連続的又は断続的とすることができる。レッグカフの隆起区間に最も近い、結合部65の側は、レッグカフの立ち上がり区間の近位縁部64を画定する。これらの結合部65の内側間の距離により、RCWR試験の目的に関する、このレベルでの物品の乾燥幅及び湿潤幅が定義される(以下を参照)。
本発明の吸収性物品は、獲得/分配層又はシステム50(本明細書では「ADS」)を備え得る。ADSの機能は、流体を迅速に獲得して、その流体を効率的な方式で吸収性コアに分配することである。ADSは、1つ、2つ、又はそれよりも多くの層を含み得るものであり、それらの層は、単一層を形成する場合もあり、又は、互いに取り付けることが可能な個別層のまま維持される場合もある。以下の実施例では、ADSは、吸収性コアとトップシートとの間に配置された、分配層54及び獲得層52の2つの層を含むが、本発明は、この実施例に制限されるものではない。
分配層は、例えば、少なくとも50重量%の架橋セルロース繊維を含み得る。この架橋セルロース繊維は、捲縮、撚り合わせ、又はカールさせることができ、あるいは捲縮、撚り合わせ、及びカールを含めた、それらの組み合わせとすることもできる。このタイプの材料は、過去に、例えば米国特許第2008/0312622(A1)号(Hundorf)で、獲得システムの一部として、使い捨ておむつ内で使用されている。この架橋セルロース繊維は、製品のパッケージングの際の圧縮、又は使用条件での、例えば乳幼児の重量下での圧縮に対して、第1の吸収性層に、高い復元力、またそれゆえ高い耐性を提供する。このことにより、より高い空隙容積、透過性、及び液体吸収作用がコアに提供され、またそれゆえ、漏出の低減、及び乾燥度の改善がコアに提供される。
−1分子当り少なくとも3つのカルボキシル基を有するC2〜C9の脂肪族及び脂環式ポリカルボン酸と、
−1分子当り2つのカルボキシル基を有し、カルボキシル基の一方又は双方に対するα位、β位の炭素−炭素二重結合を有する、C2〜C9の脂肪族及び脂環式ポリカルボン酸とからなる群から選択することができ、このC2〜C9のポリカルボン酸架橋剤中の1つのカルボキシル基は、2つ又は3つのいずれかの炭素原子によって、第2のカルボキシル基から分離される。これらの繊維は、特に、その繊維と繊維内エステル架橋結合形態で反応させた、セルロースアンヒドログルコースモル換算で約1.5モル%〜約6.0モル%の架橋剤を有し得る。この架橋剤は、クエン酸、1、2、3、4ブタンテトラカルボン酸、及び1、2、3プロパントリカルボン酸、特にクエン酸からなる群から選択することができる。
ADSは、獲得層52を含み得る。この獲得層は、分配層54とトップシート24との間に配置することができる。獲得層52は、典型的には、不織布材料、例えば、スパンボンド層、メルトブローン層、及び更なるスパンボンド層を含む、SMS材料若しくはSMMS材料、又は代替的に、カード処理された化学結合不織布とするか、あるいはそれらを含み得る。この不織布材料は、特に、ラテックス結合することができる。例示的な上部獲得層52は、米国特許第7,786,341号で開示されている。特に、使用される繊維が、中実円形又は円形中空のPETステープル繊維(6デニール繊維と9デニール繊維との50/50又は40/60混合)である場合に、カード処理された樹脂結合不織布を使用することができる。例示的な結合剤は、ブタジエン/スチレンラテックスである。不織布は、加工ラインの外部で製造して、材料のロールとして保管及び使用することができるという利点を有する。
この吸収性物品は、締結システムを含み得る。締結システムは、テープ式おむつに関して典型的であるように、着用者に接して吸収性物品を保持するための、吸収性物品の外周付近での横方向の張力を提供するために使用することができる。この締結システムは、トレーニングパンツ物品に関しては必須ではないが、これは、それらの物品の腰部領域が既に結合されているためである。締結システムは、通常、テープタブ、フック及びループ締結構成要素、タブ及びスロットなどの噛み合い式締結具、バックル、ボタン、スナップ、並びに/あるいは雌雄同体の締結構成要素などの締結具を含むが、任意の他の既知の締結手段も、全般的に容認可能である。締結具が解除可能に取り付けられるように、ランディング領域が、通常、前側腰部領域上に提供される。幾つかの例示的な表面締結システムが、Buellに発行された、米国特許第3,848,594号、同第4,662,875号、同第4,846,815号、同第4,894,060号、同第4,946,527号、同第5,151,092号、及び同第5,221,274で開示されている。例示的な噛み合い式締結システムが、米国特許第6,432,098号で開示されている。締結システムはまた、Robertsonらに発行された米国特許第4,963,140号で開示されるように、廃棄処分構成で物品を保持するための手段も、提供することができる。
この吸収性物品は、当該技術分野において既知であるように、前側耳部46及び後側耳部40を備え得る。これらの耳部は、例えば、サイドパネルとしてトップシート及び/又はバックシートから形成される、シャーシの一体部分とすることができる。あるいは、図1に示すように、それらの耳部は、接着及び/又は熱型押し若しくは加圧結合によって取り付けられる、別個の要素とすることができる。後側耳部40は、有利には、ランディング領域40上へのタブ42の取り付けを容易にし、着用者の腰部の周囲でテープ式おむつを定位置に維持するために、伸縮自在である。後側耳部40はまた、弾性又は伸張可能とすることで、より快適かつ身体の輪郭に適合したフィットを提供することもできるが、これは、その伸縮性の耳部により、吸収性物品の側方部が伸縮することが可能となるため、最初に吸収性物品を着用者に適合するようにフィットさせ、このフィットを、吸収性物品が滲出物で充填されたかなり後の着用時間を通して持続させることによるものである。
この吸収性物品はまた、改善されたフィット及び収容を提供するために役立つ、少なくとも1つの弾性腰部機構(図示せず)も備え得る。弾性腰部機構は、一般的に、弾性的に伸縮することにより、着用者の腰部に動的にフィットするように意図される。弾性腰部機構は、好ましくは、吸収性コア28の少なくとも1つの腰部縁部から、少なくとも長手方向外側に延びて、吸収性物品の端縁部の少なくとも一部分を全般的に形成する。使い捨ておむつは、一方が前側腰部領域内に位置決めされ、一方が後側腰部領域内に位置決めされた、2つの弾性腰部機構を有するように構築することができる。弾性腰部機構は、米国特許第4,515,595号、同第4,710,189号、同第5,151,092号、及び同第5,221,274号で説明されるものを含めた、多種多様な構成で構築することができる。
典型的には、隣接する層及び構成要素は、層の表面の全体又は一部上へのスロットコーティング若しくは噴霧を介した接着剤コーティング、又は熱結合、又は加圧結合、あるいはこれらの組み合わせなどの従来の結合方法を使用して、一体に接合される。この結合は、明瞭性及び可読性のために、図では示されないが(レッグカフ65の隆起要素とトップシート24との間の結合を除く)、この物品の層間の結合は、具体的に排除されない限り、存在していると見なされるべきである。種々の層の接着、例えばバックシートとコアラップとの接着を改善するために、典型的には、接着剤を使用することができる。この接着剤は、当該技術分野において既知のような、任意の標準的なホットメルト接着剤とすることができる。
本発明の吸収性物品は、当該技術分野において既知の、任意の従来方法によって作製することができる。特に、この物品は、手製のものとするか、又は工業的に高速生産することもできる。
本明細書で示される値は、特に指定がない限り、本明細書に以下で示される方法に従って測定される。全ての測定は、特に指定がない限り、21±2℃、及び50±20%のRHで実行される。全てのサンプルは、特に指示がない限り、試験を実施する前に、これらの条件に少なくとも24時間保ち、平衡化するべきである。全ての測定は、特に指示がない限り、少なくとも4つのサンプルに対して再現し、得られた平均値を示すべきである。
CRCは、過剰な液体中で、自由膨潤するために超吸収性ポリマー粒子によって吸収される液体を測定する。CRCは、EDANA法WSP 241.2−05に従って測定される。
機器:0.01mmの分解能を有するMitutoyo手動キャリパーゲージ−−又は同等の計器。
吸収性物品がパッケージで提供される場合には、パッケージの中心区域から、試験するためのサンプル物品を取り出す。パッケージが5つ以上の物品を含む場合には、そのパッケージの各側の、外側から2つまでの物品は、試験に使用しない。パッケージが、5つ以上ではあるが14個未満の物品を含む場合には、試験を完了するために、物品の2つ以上のパッケージが必要とされる。パッケージが14個以上の物品を含む場合には、試験を実行するために必要な物品のパッケージは、1つのみである。パッケージが4つ以下の物品を含む場合には、そのパッケージ内の全ての物品が測定され、測定を実行するためには複数のパッケージが必要とされる。キャリパー読み取り値は、パッケージから物品を取り出した24±1時間後に取得するべきである。製品の物理的操作は最小限とし、必須のサンプル調製のみに制限するべきである。
カウンター甲板上に、衣類に面する側を下にして、物品を平坦に配置する。クロッチ点Cのレベルで、物品の身体に面する表面を横断して横線を引く。
この試験は、湿潤飽和後のチャネルの一体性を点検するために計画されている。この試験は、吸収性物品に対して、又は別個に取得した吸収性コアに対して、直接実行することができる。
1.チャネルの全長(ミリメートル単位)を、乾燥状態で測定する(チャネルが直線状ではない場合には、チャネルの中央部を通る曲線の長さを測定する)。
2.次いで、吸収性物品又はコアを、蒸留水中に適量の塩化ナトリウムを溶解させることによって調製した、1000mL溶液当り9.00gのNaCl濃度を有する、大過剰(例えば、5リットル)の合成尿「生理食塩水」中に完全に浸漬させる。この溶液の温度は、20+/−5℃としなければならない。
3.この生理食塩水中で1分の後、吸収性物品又はコアを取り出して、一方の端部によって垂直に5秒間保持して排水し、次いで、着用者に面することが意図される着用者(トップシート)側を上向きにして、水平表面上に平坦に広げる。吸収性物品又はコアが、伸縮要素を含む場合には、収縮が観察されないように、X次元及びY次元の双方で緊張状態に引張する。収縮が起こり得ないように、吸収性物品若しくはコアの前縁部及び後縁部を、水平表面に固定する。
4.吸収性物品又はコアを、吸収性物品又はコアの全長に等しい長さ、並びに、その最も幅広の地点で吸収性構造体又はコアの最大幅と等しい幅の寸法を有する、矩形の好適な重量の剛性プレートで覆う。
5.上述の剛性プレートの区域にわたって、18.0kPaの圧力を、30秒間印加する。圧力は、剛性プレートによって包囲される総面積に基づいて算出される。圧力は、剛性プレートと追加的重りの総合重量が、剛性プレートの全面積にわたって18.0kPaの圧力を生じさせるように、剛性プレートの幾何学的中心に追加的重りを配置することによって、達成される。
6.30秒後、追加的重り及び合成プレートを除去する。
7.その直後に、完全状態のまま維持された、チャネルの諸部分の累積長さを測定する(ミリメートル単位;チャネルが直線状ではない場合には、チャネルの中央部を通る曲線の長さを測定する)。チャネルのいずれの部分も完全状態のまま維持されていない場合には、そのチャネルは恒久的ではない。
原理:この試験は、以下の試験プロトコルに従って、塩水の適用後の、クロッチ点のレベルでのおむつの幅縮小の量を判定する。クロッチ点は、物品の長さLの、前縁部から測定される5分の2(2/5)の距離に配置された、長手方向軸線上の地点である。
前述のように、バリアレッグカフ34は、トップシートによって画定された平面から離れる方向に隆起することが可能な、カフの部分である。バリアレッグカフ34は、それらの近位縁部64で、1つ以上の結合部65によって、物品の残部、典型的にはトップシートに結合される。乾燥クロッチ幅Wdは、図2、3に示すように、一方のバリアレッグカフの最も内側の結合部65から、反対側のバリアレッグカフの最も内側の結合部65までの、クロッチ線に沿った距離を、キャリパーゲージで測定することによって判定される。バリアレッグカフは、乾燥幅及び湿潤幅の測定のために、物品の外側方向に穏やかに保持することができ、それにより、長手方向軸線に最も近い結合部の側に、測定ゲージを直接保持することができる。キャリパーゲージの先端部は、クロッチ線とバリアレッグカフの近位縁部との2つの交点に接触するべきである。キャリパーゲージの先端部は、それらの交点に接触するべきではあるが、それらの交点を歪めるべきではない。キャリパーゲージは、吸収性物品の他の部分に接触するべきではない。この乾燥クロッチ幅を、Wdとして記録する。本発明の物品の乾燥クロッチ幅(Wd)は、70mm〜200mmの範囲である。
以下の式に従って、RCWRを算出する:
本発明による以下の製品を調製した。
発明実施例1:
図1の実施形態に関して示されたものと同様の、矩形の吸収性材料堆積区域、及び二対のチャネルを有するおむつを、以下の仕様で調製した。チャネルの一方の対は、相対的に長く、主に物品のクロッチ領域内に存在するものとし、他方の対は、より小さいものとして、物品の前側に向けて配置した。これらのチャネルは、吸収性材料を含まないものとし、これらのチャネルを通して、コアラップの上側部及び底側部を一体に取り付けた。チャネルの幅は、均一に8mmとし、長いチャネル及び短いチャネルの、物品の長手方向軸線上の投影長さは、それぞれ、約170mm及び40mmとした。より長いチャネルは、図1に示すように、湾曲して、物品の長手方向中心線に向けて凹状のものとした。より長いチャネル間の最小距離は、約16mmとした。より短いチャネル間の最小距離は、約14mmとした。より小さいチャネルもまた、僅かに湾曲するものとした。
第2の実施例用に作製したおむつは、発明実施例1と同様のものとした。コアは、一方がクロッチ部分内で相対的に長く、一方が物品の前側に向けて相対的により小さい、二対のチャネルを備えるものとした。チャネルは、実施例1と同様に、材料を含まないものとし、それらのチャネルを通して、コアラップを、そのコアラップ自体に取り付けた。特に指示がない限り、全ての発明実施例で同じ材料を使用した。
この実施例は、実施例1と同じ方式で作製しており、図4及び図5で例示的に示されるように、吸収性材料(SAP)分布区域が、110mmのSAP堆積幅を有する矩形であり、その吸収性物品のクロッチ領域内に、吸収性材料を含まないチャネルを一対のみ含むという相違点を有するものとした。これらのチャネルは、長手方向軸線80に関して対称であり、約227mmの長手方向軸線上への投影長さ、約8mmの幅、及び20mmの互いからの最短距離を有するものとした。実施例との別の相違点は、SAP層とダスティング層上の基材との間に補助接着剤が存在せず、ダスティング層が10gsmの不織布であることとした。分配層は、長さ298mm及び幅80mmとし、176gsmの均質な坪量を有するものとした。前述の実施例に関しては、コアカバーをダスティング層の周囲にCラッピングして、チャネルを通して双方の層を恒久的に結合した。
幾つかの市販の製品もまた試験したが、特に指示がない限り、全てサイズ4とした。
実施例4は、独国で市販のPampers(登録商標)Baby−Dryおむつとした。この製品内の吸収性コアは、セルロース綿毛とSAPとの混合物で作製されている。この製品は、発明実施例で使用されるものと同様の、2層式獲得/分配システムを備える。
上述の各製品の5つのサンプルに関して、幅縮小及び充填を、上述の試験方法で指示されたように測定することにより、それらの製品のRCWRを判定した。平均化した結果を、以下にまとめる。
理論に束縛されることを望むものではないが、以下の特徴は、単独で、又は組み合わせて、以下の特徴のうちの1つ以上が欠落した吸収性物品と比較してRCWRの増大をもたらし得ると考えられる。これらの特徴のうちのいずれも、具体的に請求されない限り、特許請求の範囲を限定するものとして解釈されるべきではない。
1)吸収性材料の上面に接触する、コアラップの上側部、及び吸収性材料の下面に接触する、コアラップの底部部分は、有利には、チャネルを通して、少なくとも部分的に互いに結合することができる。これらの結合部は、上述のように、連続的又は断続的とすることができ、接着及び/又は熱結合を介して作製することができ、有利には、流体充填の際に層間剥離に抵抗するように、十分に強固にすることができる(「恒久的チャネル」)。チャネル内でコアラップを拘束することによって、これらの結合部は、コアラップの歪みを増大させ、充填の際に、コア幅の縮小を促進することができる。
2)コアラップは、第1の層及び第2の層を含み得るものであり、双方とも典型的には不織布で作製され、第1の層は、少なくともコアの長手方向縁部に沿って、第2の層の周囲にCラップを形成する。第1の層は、コアラップの上側部を形成する層とすることができ、第2の層は、コアラップの底側部を形成する層とすることができる。典型的には、これらの層は、例えば接着によって、第1の層の包み込んだフラップに沿って、第2の層の底側部と一体に結合される。本発明者らは、特に吸収性コアの長手方向側の一部又は全体に沿ったCラップが、物品の側方に向けて吸収性材料が膨張することを、より良好に抑止し得ることにより、吸収性材料の垂直方向でのより大きい膨張をもたらし、この膨張に追随するように吸収性物品の層が収縮するため、その物品のクロッチ点での幅の収縮を増大させることをもたらすと考える。
3)比較的非弾性の材料を、コアラップ用に使用することができるが、これは、それらの材料が、比較的大きい弾性の材料よりも、強い拘束を提供し、それゆえ、吸収性コアの幅を縮小させることによって、吸収性材料の垂直(厚さ方向)の膨張に追従することになるためである。
4)コアの吸収性材料内の、より高い相対量のSAP材料は、より多量のセルロース綿毛などの非超吸収性の吸収性材料を含むコアよりも、充填の際に、相対的に多大なコアの膨張をもたらすことになる。物品のクロッチ領域内に、より高い坪量のSAPを有することもまた、有利であり得る。
5)バックシートは、コアが充填される際、コアの収縮に追従することになるため、より多大な物品の幅の縮小をもたらすように、コアをバックシートに直接又は間接的に接合することができる。
Claims (13)
- おむつ又はトレーニングパンツなどの、個人衛生用の吸収性物品(20)であって、前記吸収性物品が、前縁部(10)及び後縁部(12)を有し、長手方向軸線(80)が、前記物品の長手方向に延び、前記物品が、前記前縁部から前記後縁部まで前記長手方向軸線に沿って測定される長さLと、前記長手方向軸線上で、前記物品の前記前縁部から、Lの5分の2の距離に配置された地点として定義されるクロッチ点(C)と、を有し、
前記吸収性物品は、
液体透過性トップシート(24)と、
液体不透過性バックシート(25)と、
前記長手方向軸線の両側で、前記おむつの前記前縁部と前記後縁部との間に少なくとも部分的に延び、少なくとも前記クロッチ点(C)の前記長手方向位置に存在する、一対のバリアレッグカフ(34)であって、各バリアレッグカフが、前記トップシート及び/又は前記バックシートに直接的若しくは間接的に接合された近位縁部(64)、並びに自由末端縁部(66)によって画定される、一対のバリアレッグカフと、
前記トップシートとバックシートとの間の、吸収性材料(60)を封入するコアラップ(16、16’)を備える吸収性コア(28)であって、前記吸収性材料が、前記吸収性材料の少なくとも80重量%の超吸収性ポリマー(「SAP」)を含み、前記吸収性コアが、前記長手方向軸線に関して配置構成された少なくとも一対のチャネルであって、前記クロッチ点と少なくとも同じ長手方向レベルに存在し、前記物品の前記長手方向に少なくとも部分的に方向付けられた、少なくとも一対のチャネル(26、26’)を備える、吸収性コアと、を備え、
前記物品が、少なくとも30mm/kgの相対的クロッチ幅縮小(RCWR)を有し、前記RCWRが、以下の式に従って算出され、
前記コアラップ内部の前記吸収性材料の周縁部が、吸収性材料堆積区域(8)を画定し、
前記SAPの坪量が、前記吸収性材料堆積区域(8)内部で、前記コアの前記長手方向軸線に沿って均質に分布しておらず、前記SAPの前記坪量が、前記物品の前記クロッチ点(C)で、前記長手方向軸線上の別の地点よりも少なくとも10%高く、
前記一対のチャネルの前記チャネルが、前記長手方向軸線に関して対称的に配置される、吸収性物品。 - 前記RCWRが、32mm/kg〜150mm/kgである、請求項1に記載の吸収性物品。
- 少なくとも1つのチャネルが、前記吸収性物品の前記長さLの少なくとも10%である、前記物品の前記長手方向軸線(80)上に投影された長さを有し、及び/又は前記チャネルの幅が、少なくとも前記チャネルの一部で、少なくとも2mmである、請求項1又は2に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記コアラップが、第1の不織布(16)及び第2の不織布(16’)を含み、前記第1の不織布が、前記第2の不織布の周囲にCラップを形成する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性物品が、獲得/分配システム(50)を備え、前記獲得/分配システム(50)が、1つ又は幾つかの層(52、54)を含み得るとともに、前記吸収性コアと前記トップシートとの間に少なくとも部分的に配置される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記獲得/分配システムが、少なくとも50重量%の架橋セルロース繊維を含む少なくとも1つの層(54)を備える、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性材料堆積区域が、矩形であるか、又は、前記クロッチ点で前記吸収性材料堆積区域の最大幅よりも狭い幅を有するように成形される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性コアが、第1の吸収性層及び第2の吸収性層を備え、前記第1の吸収性層が、第1の基材(16)及び超吸収性ポリマーの第1の層(61)を含み、前記第2の吸収性層が、第2の基材(16’)及び超吸収性ポリマーの第2の層(62)を含み、繊維状熱可塑性接着剤材料(51)が、前記超吸収性ポリマーの層を、それらの対応する基材に少なくとも部分的に結合し、前記第1の基材及び前記第2の基材が、前記コアラップを形成する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性コアの前記吸収性材料(60)が、前記吸収性材料の総重量の少なくとも90重量%の超吸収性ポリマーを含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性コア。
- 前記吸収性コアの前記吸収性材料(60)が、10重量%未満、又は5重量%未満の天然繊維若しくは合成繊維を含むか、又は天然繊維若しくは合成繊維を実質的に含まない、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記コアラップが、上側部及び底側部を含み、前記上側部及び前記底側部が、前記チャネルの少なくとも一部分を通して互いに結合される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性コアが、5g〜60gのSAPを含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 平坦に配置された前記吸収性物品の前記クロッチ点(C)に、重りを載せたキャリパーゲージのコンタクトフットを下降させて解放してから所定時間経過後に測定される、前記物品のキャリパーが、4mm〜12mmである、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
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