CN110087560B - 具有可扩展组织止挡件布置的外科端部执行器 - Google Patents
具有可扩展组织止挡件布置的外科端部执行器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，该第一钳口和第二钳口能够相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性的移动。至少一个可扩展组织止挡件位于第一钳口和第二钳口中的一者上，并且被构造成能够在第一钳口和第二钳口在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动时在第一钳口和第二钳口上的第一钳口和第二钳口表面之间延伸。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及外科器械，并且在各种布置中，涉及被设计成缝合和切割组织的外科缝合和切割器械及与其一起使用的钉仓。
附图说明
本文所述的实施方案的各种特征连同其优点可结合如下附图根据以下描述来加以理解：
图1是可操作地联接到柄部组件实施方案的可互换外科工具组件实施方案的透视图。
图2是图1的柄部组件和可互换外科工具组件的部分的分解组装视图；
图3是图1和图2的可互换外科工具组件实施方案的远侧部分的透视图，其中为清楚起见省略了其一些部分；
图4是图1的可互换外科工具组件的远侧部分的分解组装视图；
图5是图1的可互换外科工具组件的近侧部分的部分剖视透视图；
图6是图5的可互换外科工具组件的近侧部分的分解组装视图；
图7是图1的可互换外科工具组件的脊组件实施方案的一部分的局部分解组装视图；
图8是图5的可互换外科工具组件的近侧部分的局部横截面端视图，其中离合器组件以关节运动模式示出；
图9是图5的可互换外科工具组件的近侧部分的另一局部横截面端视图，其中离合器组件以击发模式示出；
图10是图1的可互换外科工具组件的近侧部分的局部侧视图，其中离合器组件以关节运动模式示出；
图11是图1的可互换外科工具组件的部分的局部侧视图，其中离合器组件以击发模式示出；
图12A是图1的可互换外科工具组件的局部侧面剖视图，其中闭合行程减少组件实施方案处于对应于关节运动模式的回缩取向；
图12B是图12A的可互换外科工具组件的局部侧面剖视图，其中闭合行程减少组件实施方案处于对应于击发模式的延伸取向；
图13是图12A的可互换外科工具组件的一部分的透视图，示出了闭合行程减少组件实施方案处于对应于关节运动模式的回缩取向；
图14是图12B的可互换外科工具组件的一部分的透视图，示出了闭合行程减少组件实施方案处于对应于击发模式的延伸取向；
图15A是外科端部执行器实施方案的一部分的侧视图，其中钳口处于完全闭合的取向；
图15B是图15A的外科端部执行器实施方案的另一侧视图，其中其钳口处于完全打开的取向；
图16是具有正向钳口开口特征部的远侧闭合构件实施方案的透视图；
图17是被构造成能够与图16的远侧闭合构件结合使用的外科端部执行器实施方案的一部分的透视图；
图18是图17的外科端部执行器的部分的侧视图，其中钳口处于完全闭合位置，并且图16的远侧闭合构件以横截面示出；
图19是图18的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件的横截面侧视图，其钳口处于完全闭合位置；
图20是图18的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件的另一个横截面侧视图，其钳口处于完全打开的位置；
图21是图18的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件的侧视图，其钳口处于完全打开的位置；
图22是另一个外科端部执行器实施方案的一部分的透视图，为清楚起见省略了砧座，该砧座采用了正向钳口打开弹簧；
图23是图22的正向钳口打开弹簧的透视图；
图24是图22的外科端部执行器的横截面侧视图，其钳口处于完全打开的位置；
图25是图22的外科端部执行器的另一个横截面侧视图，其钳口处于完全闭合的位置；
图26是另一个外科端部执行器实施方案和远侧闭合构件实施方案的一部分的侧视图，其中外科端部执行器的钳口处于完全打开的位置；
图27是图26的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件在钳口闭合序列开始时的另一侧视图；
图28是图26的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件在钳口闭合序列期间的另一侧视图；
图29是图26的外科端部执行器和远侧闭合构件的另一侧视图，其中钳口处于完全闭合的位置；
图30是击发构件实施方案的透视图；
图31是图30的击发构件的侧视图；
图32是图30的击发构件的正视图；
图33是图30的击发构件相对于滑动组件实施方案和击发构件锁定实施方案的透视图；
图33A是缝钉驱动器实施方案的顶视图；
图33B是图33A的缝钉驱动器实施方案的顶部透视图；
图33C是图33A和图33B的缝钉驱动器实施方案的底部透视图；
图34是图33的击发构件锁的底部透视图；
图35是外科端部执行器实施方案的一部分的横截面侧视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的取向，并且图33的击发构件锁定件处于解锁取向；
图36是图35的外科端部执行器的另一个横截面侧视图，其中未使用的外科钉仓被支撑在其中一个钳口中并且将击发构件锁定件保持在解锁取向；
图37是在开始击发序列之后图36的外科端部执行器的另一个横截面侧正视图；
图38是在击发构件回缩到起始位置时图36的外科端部执行器的另一横截面侧正视图；
图39是击发构件和击发构件锁定件在图38所示位置的俯视剖视图；
图40是在击发构件回缩到起始位置之后的图36的外科端部执行器的另一横截面侧正视图；
图41是击发构件和击发构件锁定件在图40所示位置的俯视剖视图；
图42是另一个外科端部执行器实施方案的一部分的横截面侧视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的取向，并且图33的另一个击发构件锁定件实施方案处于锁定取向；
图43是另一外科端部执行器实施方案和远侧闭合构件实施方案的部分的左侧透视图，其中外科端部执行器的钳口处于完全打开的位置并且在其中支撑外科钉仓，其中可扩展组织止挡件处于完全延伸的取向；
图44是图43的外科端部执行器的右侧透视图；
图45是图43和图44的钳口和外科钉仓之一的分解透视图；
图46是图43的可扩展组织止挡件之一的止挡弹簧的透视图；
图47是图42和图43的外科端部执行器的局部横截面端视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的取向，并且其可扩展组织止挡件处于其完全延伸的取向；
图48是图42和图43的外科钉仓的一部分的顶视图；
图49是图43和图44的外科端部执行器的横截面侧视图，其中钳口处于完全闭合的位置；
图50是图43和图44的外科端部执行器的另一横截面侧视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的位置；
图51是另一个外科端部执行器实施方案的局部横截面端视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的取向；
图52是图51的外科端部执行器的一部分的侧正视图，其中钳口处于完全打开的取向；和
图53是图51的外科端部执行器的一部分的另一个侧正视图，其中钳口处于完全闭合的取向；
在所述若干视图中，对应的参考符号指示对应的部件。本文所述的范例以一种形式示出了本发明的各种实施方案，且这种范例不应被解释为以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS AND REPLACEABLE TOOL ASSEMBLIESTHEREOF”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,185；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,230；
-名称为“LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL END EFFECTORS”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,221；
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS AND FIRING MEMBERS THEREOF”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,209；
-名称为“LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL END EFFECTORS ANDREPLACEABLE TOOL ASSEMBLIES”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,189；并且
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS AND ADAPTABLE FIRING MEMBERS THEREFOR”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,240。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGES AND ARRANGEMENTS OF STAPLES AND STAPLECAVITIES THEREIN”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,939；
-名称为“SURGICAL TOOL ASSEMBLIES WITH CLUTCHING ARRANGEMENTS FORSHIFTING BETWEEN CLOSURE SYSTEMS WITH CLOSURE STROKE REDUCTION FEATURES ANDARTICULATION AND FIRING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,941；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS AND STAPLE-FORMING ANVILS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,943；
-名称为“SURGICAL TOOL ASSEMBLIES WITH CLOSURE STROKE REDUCTIONFEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,950；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGES AND ARRANGEMENTS OF STAPLES AND STAPLECAVITIES THEREIN”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,945；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS AND STAPLE-FORMING ANVILS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,946；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH JAW OPENING FEATURES FOR INCREASINGA JAW OPENING DISTANCE”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,951；
-名称为“METHODS OF STAPLING TISSUE”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,953；
-名称为“FIRING MEMBERS WITH NON-PARALLEL JAW ENGAGEMENT FEATURES FORSURGICAL END EFFECTORS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,954；
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS WITH EXPANDABLE TISSUE STOPARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,955；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS AND STAPLE-FORMING ANVILS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,948；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH POSITIVE JAW OPENING FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,956；并且
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGES AND ARRANGEMENTS OF STAPLES AND STAPLECAVITIES THEREIN”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,47。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“METHOD FOR RESETTING A FUSE OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SHAFT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,896；
-名称为“STAPLE FORMING POCKET ARRANGEMENT TO ACCOMMODATE DIFFERENTTYPES OF STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,898；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING IMPROVED JAW CONTROL”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,899；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE AND STAPLE CARTRIDGE CHANNEL COMPRISINGWINDOWS DEFINED THEREIN”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,901；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A CUTTING MEMBER”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,902；
-名称为“STAPLE FIRING MEMBER COMPRISING A MISSING CARTRIDGE AND/ORSPENT CARTRIDGE LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,904；
-名称为“FIRING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,905；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM COMPRISING AN END EFFECTOR LOCKOUTAND A FIRING ASSEMBLY LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,907；
-名称为“FIRING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A FUSE”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,908；并且
-名称为“FIRING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A MULTIPLE FAILED-STATE FUSE”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,909。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“STAPLE FORMING POCKET ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,920；
-名称为“ANVIL ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL STAPLERS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,913；
-名称为“METHOD OF DEFORMING STAPLES FROM TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OFSTAPLE CARTRIDGES WITH THE SAME SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,914；
-名称为“BILATERALLY ASYMMETRIC STAPLE FORMING POCKET PAIRS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,893；
-名称为“CLOSURE MEMBERS WITH CAM SURFACE ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICALINSTRUMENTS WITH SEPARATE AND DISTINCT CLOSURE AND FIRING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,929；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLERS WITH INDEPENDENTLY ACTUATABLE CLOSING ANDFIRING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,911；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH SMART STAPLE CARTRIDGES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,927；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE COMPRISING STAPLES WITH DIFFERENT CLAMPINGBREADTHS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,917；
-名称为“STAPLE FORMING POCKET ARRANGEMENTS COMPRISING PRIMARYSIDEWALLS AND POCKET SIDEWALLS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,900；
-名称为“NO-CARTRIDGE AND SPENT CARTRIDGE LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FORSURGICAL STAPLERS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,931；
-名称为“FIRING MEMBER PIN ANGLE”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,915；
-名称为“STAPLE FORMING POCKET ARRANGEMENTS COMPRISING ZONED FORMINGSURFACE GROOVES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,897；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MULTIPLE FAILURE RESPONSE MODES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,922；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH PRIMARY AND SAFETY PROCESSORS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,924；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH JAWS THAT ARE PIVOTABLE ABOUT AFIXED AXIS AND INCLUDE SEPARATE AND DISTINCT CLOSURE AND FIRING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,912；
-名称为“ANVIL HAVING A KNIFE SLOT WIDTH”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,910；
-名称为“CLOSURE MEMBER ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,903；并且
-名称为“FIRING MEMBER PIN CONFIGURATIONS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,906。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“STEPPED STAPLE CARTRIDGE WITH ASYMMETRICAL STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,188；
-名称为“STEPPED STAPLE CARTRIDGE WITH TISSUE RETENTION AND GAPSETTING FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,192；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE WITH DEFORMABLE DRIVER RETENTION FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,206；
-名称为“DURABILITY FEATURES FOR END EFFECTORS AND FIRING ASSEMBLIESOF SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,226；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS HAVING END EFFECTORS WITHPOSITIVE OPENING FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,222；并且
-名称为“CONNECTION PORTIONS FOR DEPOSABLE LOADING UNITS FOR SURGICALSTAPLING INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/386,236。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“METHOD FOR ATTACHING A SHAFT ASSEMBLY TO A SURGICALINSTRUMENT AND,ALTERNATIVELY,TO A SURGICAL ROBOT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,887；
-名称为“SHAFT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A MANUALLY-OPERABLE RETRACTIONSYSTEM FOR USE WITH A MOTORIZED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,889；
-名称为“SHAFT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SEPARATELY ACTUATABLE ANDRETRACTABLE SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,890；
-名称为“SHAFT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A CLUTCH CONFIGURED TO ADAPT THEOUTPUT OF A ROTARY FIRING MEMBER TO TWO DIFFERENT SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,891；
-名称为“SURGICAL SYSTEM COMPRISING A FIRING MEMBER ROTATABLE INTO ANARTICULATION STATE TO ARTICULATE AN END EFFECTOR OF THE SURGICAL SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,892；
-名称为“SHAFT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,894；并且
-名称为“SHAFT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING FIRST AND SECOND ARTICULATIONLOCKOUTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,895。
本申请的申请人拥有与本申请于同一日期提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,916；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,918；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,919；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE CARTRIDGE WITH MOVABLE CAMMING MEMBERCONFIGURED TO DISENGAGE FIRING MEMBER LOCKOUT FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,921；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,923；
-名称为“JAW ACTUATED LOCK ARRANGEMENTS FOR PREVENTING ADVANCEMENT OFA FIRING MEMBER IN A SURGICAL END EFFECTOR UNLESS AN UNFIRED CARTRIDGE ISINSTALLED IN THE END EFFECTOR”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,925；
-名称为“AXIALLY MOVABLE CLOSURE SYSTEM ARRANGEMENTS FOR APPLYINGCLOSURE MOTIONS TO JAWS OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,926；
-名称为“PROTECTIVE COVER ARRANGEMENTS FOR A JOINT INTERFACE BETWEEN AMOVABLE JAW AND ACTUATOR SHAFT OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,928；
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTOR WITH TWO SEPARATE COOPERATING OPENINGFEATURES FOR OPENING AND CLOSING END EFFECTOR JAWS”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,930；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL END EFFECTOR WITH ASYMMETRIC SHAFTARRANGEMENT”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,932；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH INDEPENDENT PIVOTABLELINKAGE DISTAL OF AN ARTICULATION LOCK”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,933；
-名称为“ARTICULATION LOCK ARRANGEMENTS FOR LOCKING AN END EFFECTOR INAN ARTICULATED POSITION IN RESPONSE TO ACTUATION OF A JAW CLOSURE SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,934；
-名称为“LATERALLY ACTUATABLE ARTICULATION LOCK ARRANGEMENTS FORLOCKING AN END EFFECTOR OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT IN AN ARTICULATEDCONFIGURATION”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,935；并且
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATION STROKEAMPLIFICATION FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/385,936。
本申请的申请人拥有2016年6月24日提交并且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE COMPRISING WIRE STAPLES AND STAMPED STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号15/191,775；
-名称为“STAPLING SYSTEM FOR USE WITH WIRE STAPLES AND STAMPEDSTAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号15/191,807；
-名称为“STAMPED STAPLES AND STAPLE CARTRIDGES USING THE SAME”的美国专利申请序列号15/191,834；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE COMPRISING OVERDRIVEN STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号15/191,788；和
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE COMPRISING OFFSET LONGITUDINAL STAPLE ROWS”的美国专利申请序列号15/191,818。
本申请的申请人拥有2016年6月24日提交并且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下美国专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL FASTENER”的美国设计专利申请序列号29/569,218；
-名称为“SURGICAL FASTENER”的美国设计专利申请序列号29/569,227；
-名称为“SURGICAL FASTENER CARTRIDGE”的美国设计专利申请序列号29/569,259；和
-名称为“SURGICAL FASTENER CARTRIDGE”的美国设计专利申请序列号29/569,264。
本申请的申请人拥有于2016年4月1日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“METHOD FOR OPERATING A SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,325；
-名称为“MODULAR SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A DISPLAY”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,321；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A DISPLAY INCLUDING A RE-ORIENTABLE DISPLAY FIELD”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,326；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HANDLE ASSEMBLY WITH RECONFIGURABLE GRIPPORTION”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,263；
-名称为“ROTARY POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MANUALLY ACTUATABLEBAILOUT SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,262；
-名称为“SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING END EFFECTOR WITH ANVILCONCENTRIC DRIVE MEMBER”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,277；
-名称为“INTERCHANGEABLE SURGICALTOOLASSEMBLY WITH A SURGICAL ENDEFFECTOR THAT IS SELECTIVELY ROTATABLE ABOUT A SHAFT AXIS”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,296；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A SHIFTABLE TRANSMISSION”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,258；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM CONFIGURED TO PROVIDE SELECTIVECUTTING OF TISSUE”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,278；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A CONTOURABLE SHAFT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,284；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A TISSUE COMPRESSIONLOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,295；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING AN UNCLAMPING LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,300；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A JAW CLOSURE LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,196；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A JAW ATTACHMENT LOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,203；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A SPENT CARTRIDGELOCKOUT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,210；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A SHIFTING MECHANISM”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,324；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT COMPRISING MULTIPLE LOCKOUTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,335；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,339；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM CONFIGURED TO APPLY ANNULAR ROWS OFSTAPLES HAVING DIFFERENT HEIGHTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,253；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A GROOVED FORMING POCKET”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,304；
-名称为“ANVIL MODIFICATION MEMBERS FOR SURGICAL STAPLERS”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,331；
-名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGES WITH ATRAUMATIC FEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,336；
-名称为“CIRCULAR STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING AN INCISABLE TISSUESUPPORT”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,312；
-名称为“CIRCULAR STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING ROTARY FIRING SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,309；和
-名称为“CIRCULAR STAPLING SYSTEM COMPRISING LOAD CONTROL”的美国专利申请序列号15/089,349。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2015年12月31日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的如下标识的美国专利申请：
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR BATTERY PACK FAILURE INPOWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/984,488；
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR DRIVETRAIN FAILURE IN POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/984,525；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH SEPARABLE MOTORS AND MOTOR CONTROLCIRCUITS”的美国专利申请序列号14/984,552。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2016年2月9日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的如下标识的美国专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH ARTICULATING AND AXIALLYTRANSLATABLE END EFFECTOR”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,220；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH MULTIPLE LINK ARTICULATIONARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,228；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ARTICULATION MECHANISM WITH SLOTTEDSECONDARY CONSTRAINT”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,196；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH AN END EFFECTOR THAT IS HIGHLYARTICULATABLE RELATIVE TO AN ELONGATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,206；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH NON-SYMMETRICAL ARTICULATIONARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,215；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH SINGLE ARTICULATIONLINK ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,227；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH TENSIONING ARRANGEMENTS FOR CABLEDRIVEN ARTICULATION SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,235；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-AXIS FIRING BEAMARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,230；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CLOSURE STROKE REDUCTIONARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,245。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2016年2月12日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的如下标识的美国专利申请：
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR DRIVETRAIN FAILURE IN POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/043,254；
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR DRIVETRAIN FAILURE IN POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/043,259；
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR DRIVETRAIN FAILURE IN POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/043,275；和
-名称为“MECHANISMS FOR COMPENSATING FOR DRIVETRAIN FAILURE IN POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/043,289。
本申请的申请人拥有于2015年6月18日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS WITH POSITIVE JAW OPENINGARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,925；
-名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS WITH DUAL CAM ACTUATED JAW CLOSINGFEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,941；
-名称为“MOVABLE FIRING BEAM SUPPORT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,914；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH COMPOSITE FIRING BEAMSTRUCTURES WITH CENTER FIRING SUPPORT MEMBER FOR ARTICULATION SUPPORT”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,900；
-名称为“DUAL ARTICULATION DRIVE SYSTEM ARRANGEMENTS FOR ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,885；和
-名称为“PUSH/PULL ARTICULATION DRIVE SYSTEMS FOR ARTICULATABLESURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,876。
本申请的申请人拥有2015年3月6日提交并且全文各自以引用的方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,746，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256184；
-名称为“MULTIPLE LEVEL THRESHOLDS TO MODIFY OPERATION OF POWEREDSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,795，现为美国专利申请公布2016/02561185；
-名称为“ADAPTIVE TISSUE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES TO ADJUST CLOSURERATES FOR MULTIPLE TISSUE TYPES”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,832，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256154；
-名称为“OVERLAID MULTI SENSOR RADIO FREQUENCY(RF)ELECTRODE SYSTEM TOMEASURE TISSUE COMPRESSION”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,935，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256071；
-名称为“MONITORING SPEED CONTROL AND PRECISION INCREMENTING OF MOTORFOR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,831，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256153；
-名称为“TIME DEPENDENT EVALUATION OF SENSOR DATA TO DETERMINESTABILITY,CREEP,AND VISCOELASTIC ELEMENTS OF MEASURES”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,859，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256187；
-名称为“INTERACTIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM FOR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,817，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256186；
-名称为“CONTROL TECHNIQUES AND SUB-PROCESSOR CONTAINED WITHIN MODULARSHAFT WITH SELECT CONTROL PROCESSING FROM HANDLE”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,844，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256155；
-名称为“SMART SENSORS WITH LOCAL SIGNAL PROCESSING”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,837，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256163；
-名称为“SYSTEM FOR DETECTING THE MIS-INSERTION OF A STAPLE CARTRIDGEINTO A SURGICAL STAPLER”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,765，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256160；
-名称为“SIGNAL AND POWER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM POSITIONED ON AROTATABLE SHAFT”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,799，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256162；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A LOCKABLE BATTERY HOUSING”的美国专利申请序列号14/640,780，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0256161；
本申请的申请人拥有于2015年2月27日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM COMPRISING AN INSPECTION STATION”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,576，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249919；
-名称为“SURGICAL APPARATUS CONFIGURED TO ASSESS WHETHER A PERFORMANCEPARAMETER OF THE SURGICAL APPARATUS IS WITHIN AN ACCEPTABLE PERFORMANCE BAND”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,546，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249915；
-名称为“SURGICAL CHARGING SYSTEM THAT CHARGES AND/OR CONDITIONS ONEOR MORE BATTERIES”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,560，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249910；
-名称为“CHARGING SYSTEM THAT ENABLES EMERGENCY RESOLUTIONS FORCHARGING A BATTERY”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,566，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249918；
-名称为“SYSTEM FOR MONITORING WHETHER A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT NEEDS TOBE SERVICED”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,555，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249916；
-名称为“REINFORCED BATTERY FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,542，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249908；
-名称为“POWER ADAPTER FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,548，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249909；
-名称为“ADAPTABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HANDLE”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,526，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249945；
-名称为“MODULAR STAPLING ASSEMBLY”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,541，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249927；和
-名称为“SURGICAL APPARATUS CONFIGURED TO TRACK AN END-OF-LIFEPARAMETER”的美国专利申请序列号14/633,562，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0249917；
本申请的申请人拥有2014年12月18日提交并且全文各自以引用的方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS COMPRISING AN ARTICULATABLE ENDEFFECTOR AND MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE FIRING STROKE OF A FIRING MEMBER”的美国专利申请序列号14/574,478，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174977；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING LOCKABLE SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号14/574,483，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174969；
-名称为“DRIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,139，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174978；
-名称为“LOCKING ARRANGEMENTS FOR DETACHABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES WITHARTICULATABLE SURGICALEND EFFECTORS”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,148，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174976；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH AN ANVIL THAT IS SELECTIVELY MOVABLEABOUT A DISCRETE NON-MOVABLE AXIS RELATIVE TO A STAPLE CARTRIDGE”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,130，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174972；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH IMPROVED CLOSURE ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,143，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174983；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTORS ANDMOVABLE FIRING BEAM SUPPORT ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,117，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174975；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTORS ANDIMPROVED FIRING BEAM SUPPORT ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/575,154，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174973；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A FLEXIBLEARTICULATION SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号14/574,493，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174970；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A LOCKABLEARTICULATION SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号14/574,500，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0174971。
本申请的申请人拥有2013年3月1日提交并且全文各自以引用的方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“Articulatable Surgical Instruments With Conductive PathwaysFor Signal Communication”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,295，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0246471；
-名称为“Rotary Powered Articulation Joints For Surgical Instruments”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,323，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0246472；
-名称为“Thumbwheel Switch Arrangements For Surgical Instruments”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,338，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0249557；
-名称为“Electromechanical Surgical Device with Signal RelayArrangement”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,499，现为美国专利9,358,003；
-名称为“Multiple Processor Motor Control for Modular SurgicalInstruments”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,460，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0246478；
-名称为“Joystick Switch Assemblies For Surgical Instruments”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,358，现为美国专利9,326,767；
-名称为“Sensor Straightened End Effector During Removal ThroughTrocar”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,481，现为美国专利9,468,438；
-名称为“Control Methods for Surgical Instruments with RemovableImplement Portions”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,518，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0246475；
-名称为“Rotary Powered Surgical Instruments With Multiple Degrees ofFreedom”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,375，现为美国专利9,398,911；和
-名称为“Surgical Instrument Soft Stop”的美国专利申请序列号13/782,536，现为美国专利9,307,986。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2013年3月14日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,097，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263542；
-名称为“CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS FOR A DRIVE MEMBER OF A SURGICALINSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,193，现为美国专利9,332,987；
-名称为“INTERCHANGEABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES FOR USE WITH A SURGICALINSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,053，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263564；
-名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATIONLOCK”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,086，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263541；
-名称为“SENSOR ARRANGEMENTS FOR ABSOLUTE POSITIONING SYSTEM FORSURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,210，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263538；
-名称为“MULTI-FUNCTION MOTOR FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,148，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263554；
-名称为“DRIVE SYSTEM LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICALINSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,066，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263565；
-名称为“ARTICULATION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ARTICULATABLE SURGICALINSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,117，现为美国专利9,351,726；
-名称为“DRIVE TRAIN CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICALINSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,130，现为美国专利9,351,727；和
-名称为“METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,159，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0277017。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2014年3月7日提交且全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/200,111，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263539。
本申请的申请人还拥有于2014年3月26日提交且各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“POWER MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,106，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272582；
-名称为“STERILIZATION VERIFICATION CIRCUIT”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,099，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272581；
-名称为“VERIFICATION OF NUMBER OF BATTERY EXCHANGES/PROCEDURE COUNT”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,094，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272580；
-名称为“POWER MANAGEMENT THROUGH SLEEP OPTIONS OF SEGMENTED CIRCUITAND WAKE UP CONTROL”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,117，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272574；
-名称为“MODULAR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH DETACHABLE SHAFTASSEMBLIES”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,075，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272579；
-名称为“FEEDBACK ALGORITHMS FOR MANUAL BAILOUT SYSTEMS FOR SURGICALINSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,093，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272569；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT UTILIZING SENSOR ADAPTATION”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,116，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272571；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CONTROL CIRCUIT HAVING A SAFETYPROCESSOR”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,071，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272578；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,097，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272570；
-名称为“INTERFACE SYSTEMS FOR USE WITH SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,126，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272572；
-名称为“MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,133，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272557；
-名称为“SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING A SEGMENTED CIRCUIT”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,081，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0277471；
-名称为“POWER MANAGEMENT THROUGH SEGMENTED CIRCUIT AND VARIABLEVOLTAGE PROTECTION”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,076，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0280424；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,111，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0272583；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A ROTATABLE SHAFT”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,125，现为美国专利申请公布2015/0280384。
本申请的申请人还拥有2014年9月5日提交并且其各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“CIRCUITRY AND SENSORS FOR POWERED MEDICAL DEVICE”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,103，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066912；
-名称为“ADJUNCT WITH INTEGRATED SENSORS TO QUANTIFY TISSUECOMPRESSION”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,119，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066914；
-名称为“MONITORING DEVICE DEGRADATION BASED ON COMPONENT EVALUATION”的美国专利申请序列号14/478,908，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066910；
-名称为“MULTIPLE SENSORS WITH ONE SENSOR AFFECTING A SECOND SENSOR'SOUTPUT OR INTERPRETATION”的美国专利申请序列号14/478,895，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066909；
-名称为“POLARITY OF HALL MAGNET TO DETECT MISLOADED CARTRIDGE”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,110，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066915；
-名称为“SMART CARTRIDGE WAKE UP OPERATION AND DATA RETENTION”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,098，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066911；
-名称为“MULTIPLE MOTOR CONTROL FOR POWERED MEDICAL DEVICE”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,115，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066916；和
-名称为“LOCAL DISPLAY OF TISSUE PARAMETER STABILIZATION”的美国专利申请序列号14/479,108，现为美国专利申请公布2016/0066913。
本申请的申请人还拥有2014年4月9日提交并且其各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH LOCKABLE DUAL DRIVESHAFTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,590，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305987；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A CLOSING DRIVE AND A FIRINGDRIVE OPERATED FROM THE SAME ROTATABLE OUTPUT”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,581，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305989；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SHAFT INCLUDING SWITCHES FOR CONTROLLINGTHE OPERATION OF THE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,595，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305988；
-名称为“POWERED LINEAR SURGICAL STAPLER”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,588，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0309666；
-名称为“TRANSMISSION ARRANGEMENT FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列14/248,591，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305991；
-名称为“MODULAR MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ALIGNMENTFEATURES FOR ALIGNING ROTARY DRIVE SHAFTS WITH SURGICAL END EFFECTOR SHAFTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,584，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305994；
-名称为“POWERED SURGICAL STAPLER”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,587，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0309665；
-名称为“DRIVE SYSTEM DECOUPLING ARRANGEMENT FOR A SURGICALINSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,586，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305990；和
-名称为“MODULAR MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH STATUSINDICATION ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/248,607，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0305992。
本申请的申请人还拥有2013年4月16日提交并且其各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY ASINGLE MOTOR”的美国临时专利申请序列号61/812,365；
-名称为“LINEAR CUTTER WITH POWER”的美国临时专利申请序列号61/812,376；
-名称为“LINEAR CUTTER WITH MOTOR AND PISTOL GRIP”的美国临时专利申请序列号61/812,382；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HANDLE WITH MULTIPLE ACTUATION MOTORS ANDMOTOR CONTROL”的美国临时专利申请序列号61/812,385；和
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY ASINGLE MOTOR”的美国临时专利申请序列号61/812,372。
本申请的申请人还拥有2015年9月2日提交并且其各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE CARTRIDGE WITH IMPROVED STAPLE DRIVERCONFIGURATIONS”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,168；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE DRIVER ARRAYS”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,196；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE CARTRIDGE STAPLE DRIVERS WITH CENTRAL SUPPORTFEATURES”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,216；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE CONFIGURATIONS WITH CAMMING SURFACES LOCATEDBETWEEN PORTIONS SUPPORTING SURGICAL STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,243；和
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE CARTRIDGES WITH DRIVER ARRANGEMENTS FORESTABLISHING HERRINGBONE STAPLE PATTERNS”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,267。
本申请的申请人还拥有2014年9月26日提交并且其各自全文以引用方式并入本文的以下专利申请：
-名称为“CIRCULAR FASTENER CARTRIDGES FOR APPLYING RADIALLY EXPANDABLEFASTENER LINES”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,070；现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089146；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE AND DRIVER ARRANGEMENTS FOR STAPLECARTRIDGES”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,087。现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089147；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLE AND DRIVER ARRANGEMENTS FOR STAPLECARTRIDGES”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,105。现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089148；
-名称为“FASTENER CARTRIDGE FOR CREATING A FLEXIBLE STAPLE LINE”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,121；现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089141
-名称为“METHOD FOR CREATING A FLEXIBLE STAPLE LINE”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,145；现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089142；和
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING BUTTRESSES AND ADJUNCT MATERIALS”的美国专利申请序列号14/498,107；现为美国专利申请公布2016/0089143。
本申请的申请人还拥有2013年11月26日发布的名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGECAVITY CONFIGURATIONS”的美国专利No.8,590,762，该专利全文以引用方式并入本文。
本申请的申请人还拥有2014年5月20日发布的名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE CAVITYCONFIGURATION WITH COOPERATIVE SURGICAL STAPLE”的美国专利No.8,727,197，该专利全文以引用方式并入本文。
本文列出了许多具体细节，以提供对说明书中所述和附图中所示的实施方案的整体结构、功能、制造和用途的透彻理解。没有详细描述熟知的操作、部件和元件，以免使说明书中描述的实施方案模糊不清。读者将会理解，本文所述和所示的实施方案为非限制性示例，从而可认识到，本文所公开的特定结构和功能细节可为代表性和例示性的。在不脱离权利要求的范围的情况下，可对这些实施方案进行变型和改变。
术语“包括(comprise)”(以及“包括(comprise)”的任何形式，诸如“包括(comprises)”和“包括(comprising)”)、“具有(have)”(以及“具有(have)”的任何形式，诸如“具有(has)”和“具有(having)”)、“包含(include)”(以及“包含(include)”的任何形式，诸如“包含(includes)”和“包含(including)”)、以及“含有(contain)”(以及“含有(contain)”的任何形式，诸如“含有(contains)”和“含有(containing)”)为开放式系动词。因此，“包括”、“具有”、“包含”或“含有”一个或多个元件的外科系统、装置、或设备具有这些一个或多个元件，但不限于仅具有这些一个或多个元件。同样，“包括”、“具有”、“包含”或“含有”一个或多个特征部的系统、装置、或设备的元件具有那些一个或多个特征部，但不限于仅具有那些一个或多个特征部。
术语“近侧”和“远侧”在本文中是相对于操纵外科器械的柄部部分的临床医生来使用的。术语“近侧”是指最靠近临床医生的部分，术语“远侧”是指远离临床医生定位的部分。还应当理解，为简洁和清楚起见，本文可结合附图使用诸如“竖直”、“水平”、“上”和“下”等空间术语。然而，外科器械在许多方向和位置中使用，并且这些术语并非限制性的和/或绝对的。
提供各种示例性装置和方法以用于执行腹腔镜式和微创外科手术操作。然而，读者将容易理解，本文所公开的各种方法和装置可用于多种外科程序和应用中，包括例如与开放式外科程序结合。继续参阅本具体实施方式，读者将进一步理解，本文所公开的各种器械能够以任何方式插入体内，诸如通过自然腔道、通过成形于组织中的切口或穿刺孔等。器械的工作部分或端部执行器部分可直接插入患者体内或者可通过具有工作通道的进入装置插入，外科器械的端部执行器和细长轴可通过所述工作通道推进。
外科缝合系统可包括轴和从轴延伸的端部执行器。端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口。第一钳口包括钉仓。钉仓能够插入到第一钳口中并且能够从第一钳口移除；然而，设想到其中钉仓不能够从第一钳口移除或至少能够易于从第一钳口替换的其他实施方案。第二钳口包括被构造成能够使从钉仓射出的钉变形的砧座。第二钳口相对于第一钳口围绕闭合轴线可枢转；然而，设想到其中第一钳口相对于第二钳口可枢转的其他实施方案。外科缝合系统还包括被构造成能够允许端部执行器相对于轴旋转或进行关节运动的关节运动接头。端部执行器能够围绕延伸穿过关节运动接头的关节运动轴线旋转。设想了不包括关节运动接头的其他实施方案。
钉仓包括仓体。仓体包括近侧端部、远侧端部和在近侧端部与远侧端部之间延伸的平台。在使用中，钉仓定位在待缝合的组织的第一侧上，并且砧座定位在组织的第二侧上。砧座朝向钉仓运动以将组织压缩并夹持抵靠平台。然后，可移除地储存在仓体中的钉可被部署到组织中。仓体包括限定于其中的钉腔，其中钉可移除地储存在钉腔中。钉腔被布置成六纵向排。三排钉腔定位在纵向狭槽的第一侧上且三排钉腔定位在纵向狭槽的第二侧上。钉腔和钉的其他布置也是可能的。
钉由仓体中的钉驱动装置支撑。驱动装置能够在第一或非击发位置和第二或击发位置之间运动，以从钉仓射出钉。驱动装置通过保持器保留在仓体中，所述保持器围绕仓体的底部延伸并且包括被构造成能够抓持仓体以及将保持器保持至仓体的弹性构件。驱动装置能够通过滑动件在其非击发位置与其击发位置之间运动。滑动件能够在与近侧端部相邻的近侧位置和与远侧端部相邻的远侧位置之间运动。滑动件包括多个斜坡表面，该斜坡表面被构造成能够朝向砧座在驱动装置下方滑动以及提升驱动装置，并且钉在驱动装置上受到支撑。
除上述以外，滑动件还可通过击发构件朝远侧运动。击发构件被构造成能够接触滑动件并朝向远侧端部推动滑动件。限定于仓体中的纵向狭槽被构造成能够接收击发构件。砧座还包括被构造成能够接收击发构件的狭槽。击发构件还包括接合第一钳口的第一凸轮和接合第二钳口的第二凸轮。在击发构件朝远侧推进时，第一凸轮和第二凸轮可控制钉仓的平台和砧座之间的距离或组织间隙。击发构件还包括被构造成能够切入在钉仓和砧座中间捕集的组织的刀。希望刀定位成至少部分接近斜坡表面，使得钉先于刀被射出。
图1示出了可操作地联接到马达驱动柄部组件500的可互换外科工具组件1000的一种形式。工具组件1000还可以有效地与机器人控制或自动化外科系统的工具驱动组件一起使用。例如，本文所公开的外科工具组件可与(诸如但不限于)名称为“SURGICALSTAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利号9,072,535中公开的各种机器人系统、器械、部件和方法一起使用，该专利申请据此全文以引用方式并入本文。柄部组件500以及机器人系统的工具驱动组件在本文中也可称为“控制系统”或“控制单元”。
图2示出了可互换外科工具组件1000到柄部组件500的附接。柄部组件500可包括柄部外壳502，柄部外壳包括可由临床医生抓握和操纵的手枪式握把部504。柄部组件500还可包括操作地支撑多个驱动系统的框架506。例如，框架506可操作地支撑通常被标记为510的“第一”或闭合驱动系统，该“第一”或闭合驱动系统可用于将闭合和打开运动施加到操作地附接或联接到柄部组件500的可互换外科工具组件1000。在至少一种形式中，闭合驱动系统510可包括被框架506枢转地支撑的闭合触发器512形式的致动器。此类构造使得闭合触发器512将能够由临床医生操纵，使得当临床医生握持柄部组件500的手枪式握持部部504时，闭合触发器512可容易从启动或“未致动”位置枢转到“致动”位置并且更具体地枢转到完全压缩或完全致动位置。在各种形式中，闭合驱动系统510还包括可枢转地联接到闭合触发器512或以其他方式操作地与其连接的闭合连杆组件514。如下面将进一步详细讨论的，在例示的示例中，闭合连杆组件514包括横向附接销516，其有利于附接到外科工具组件上的对应驱动系统。在使用中，为了致动闭合驱动系统510，临床医生将闭合触发器512朝向手枪式握把部504压下。如在名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A SENSOR SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号14/226,142即现在的美国专利申请公布2015/0272575(该专利据此全文以引用方式并入本文)中进一步详细描述的，当临床医生完全压下闭合触发器512以获得“完全”闭合行程时，闭合驱动系统510被构造成能够将闭合触发器512锁定在完全压下或完全致动位置。当临床医生期望将闭合触发器512解锁以允许其被偏置到未致动位置时，临床医生只需激活闭合释放按钮组件518，这使得闭合触发器512能够返回到未致动位置。闭合释放按钮组件518还可以被构造成能够与各种传感器交互，这些传感器与柄部组件500中的微控制器520通信以用于跟踪闭合触发器512的位置。有关闭合触发器518的构造和操作的进一步细节可见于美国专利申请公布2015/0272575。
在至少一种形式中，柄部组件500和框架506可以可操作地支撑在本文中被称为击发驱动系统530的另一个驱动系统，该驱动系统被构造成能够将击发动作施加到附接到其上的可互换外科工具组件的对应部分。如在美国专利申请公布2015/0272575中详细描述的，击发驱动系统530可以采用位于柄部组件500的手枪式握把部504中的电动马达505。在各种形式中，马达505例如可以是具有约25,000RPM的最大旋转的直流有刷驱动马达。在其它布置中，马达505可包括无刷马达、无绳马达、同步马达、步进马达或任何其它合适的电动马达。马达505可由功率源522供电，在一种形式中，该功率源可包括可移除电源组。电源组可以在其中支撑多个锂离子(“LI”)或其他合适的电池。多个电池可以串联连接，并且可用作柄部组件500的功率源522。除此之外，功率源522可以是可替换的和/或可再充电的。
电动马达505被构造成能够根据马达的极性在远侧和近侧方向上轴向地驱动纵向可动驱动构件540。例如，当马达505在一个旋转方向上被驱动时，纵向可动驱动构件540将在远侧方向“DD”上轴向地驱动。当马达505在相反的旋转方向上被驱动时，纵向可动驱动构件540将在近侧方向“PD”上轴向地驱动。柄部组件500可包括开关513，该开关可被构造成能够使由功率源522施加到电动马达505的极性反转或以其他方式控制马达505。柄部组件500还可包括被构造成能够检测驱动构件540的位置和/或驱动构件540运动的方向的一个或多个传感器(未示出)。马达505的致动可由被枢转地支撑在柄部组件500上的击发触发器532控制。击发触发器532可在未致动位置和致动位置之间枢转。击发触发器532可被弹簧(未示出)或其他偏置布置偏置到未致动位置，使得当临床医生释放击发触发器532时，其可被弹簧或偏置布置枢转到或以其他方式返回未致动位置。在至少一种形式中，击发触发器532可如上所述被定位在闭合触发器512的“外侧”。如美国专利申请公布2015/0272575中所讨论的，柄部组件500可配备有击发触发器安全按钮(未示出)，以防止击发触发器532的不经意致动。当闭合触发器512处于未致动位置时，安全按钮被容纳在柄部组件500中，在此情况下，临床医生不能容易地接近安全按钮并使安全按钮在防止击发触发器532的致动的安全位置和其中可击发击发触发器532的击发位置之间移动。临床医生按压闭合触发器512时，安全按钮和击发触发器532可向下枢转，随后可被临床医生操纵。
在至少一种形式中，纵向可动驱动构件540可以具有形成在其上的齿条(未示出)，其用于与连接到马达505的对应驱动齿轮装置(未示出)啮合。有关这些特征部的更多细节可见于美国专利申请公布2015/0272575。至少一种形式还包括可手动致动的被构造成能够使得临床医生能够在马达505变得失效情况下手动地回缩可纵向运动的驱动构件540的“救助”组件。救助组件可包括杠杆或救助柄部组件，其存放在释放门550下方的柄部组件500内。杠杆被构造成能够手动枢转到与驱动构件540中的齿棘轮接合。因此，临床医生可通过使用救助柄部组件来手动地回缩驱动构件540，以在近侧方向PD上啮合驱动构件540。名称为“POWERED SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLEFIRING SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号12/249,117(现为美国专利申请公布2010/0089970，其据此全部公开内容以引用方式并入本文)公开了救助布置和也可以与工具组件1000一起使用的其它部件、布置和系统。
现在转向图4、图5和图6，可互换外科工具组件1000包括可操作地附接到细长轴组件1400的轴安装部分1300。包括细长通道1102的外科端部执行器1100可操作地附接到细长轴组件1400，其中细长通道被构造成能够将钉仓1110可操作地支撑在其中。参见图3和图4。端部执行器1100还可包括相对于细长通道1102被可枢转地支撑的砧座1130。细长通道1102钉仓组件1110和砧座1130也可以称为“钳口”。可互换外科工具组件1000还可包括关节运动接头1200和关节运动锁1210(图3和图4)，该关节运动锁可被构造成能够可释放地将端部执行器1100关于关节运动轴线B-B(横向于轴轴线SA)保持在期望的关节运动位置。有关于关节运动锁1210的构造和操作的细节可见于名称为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCOMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK”的美国专利申请序列号13/803,086，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263541，其全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。关于关节运动锁1210的其他细节也可以在2016年2月9日提交的名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ARTICULATIONMECHANISM WITH SLOTTED SECONDARY CONSTRAINT”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,196中找到，其全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。
如图5和6所示，轴安装部分1300包括近端外壳或喷嘴1301，该喷嘴由喷嘴部分1302、1304以及致动器轮部分1306组成，致动器轮部分被构造成能够通过按扣、凸耳、螺丝等联接到组装的喷嘴部分1302、1304。在例示的实施方案中，可互换外科工具组件1000还包括闭合组件1406，其可用于将砧座1130和端部执行器1100的细长通道1102闭合和/或打开，如将在下面进一步详述的那样。另外，例示的可互换外科工具组件1000包括可操作地支撑关节运动锁1210的脊组件1500。脊组件1500被构造成能够：第一，可滑动地支撑其中的击发构件组件1600；第二，可滑动地支撑围绕脊组件1500延伸或以换句话说由此运动地支撑的闭合组件1406。
在例示的布置中，外科端部执行器1100由关节运动接头1200可操作地联接到细长轴组件1400，该关节运动接头有助于外科端部执行器1100围绕横向于轴轴线SA的关节运动轴线B-B的选择性关节运动。参见图3。如图4所示，脊组件1500可滑动地支撑可操作地与关节运动锁1210连接的近侧关节运动驱动器1700。关节运动锁1210支撑在远侧框架段1560上，该远侧框架段也包括脊组件1500的一部分。如图4所示，远侧框架段1560通过端部执行器安装组件1230可枢转地联接到细长通道1102。例如，在一种布置中，远侧框架段1560的远侧端部1562具有形成在其上的关节运动销1564。关节运动销1564适于枢转地接纳在形成于端部执行器安装组件1230的枢轴基础部分1232中的关节运动枢轴孔1234内。端部执行器安装组件1230通过一对侧向延伸的钳口附接销1235可枢转地附接到细长通道1102的近侧端部1103，所述一对侧向延伸的钳口附接销可旋转地容纳在设置在细长通道1102的近侧端部1103中的钳口枢轴孔1104内。钳口附接销1235限定基本上横向于轴轴线SA的钳口枢转轴线JA。参见图3。关节运动枢轴销1564限定横向于轴轴线SA的关节运动轴线B-B。这种布置便于端部执行器1100相对于脊组件1500围绕关节运动轴线B-B枢转行进(即，关节运动)。
再次参见图4，在例示的实施方案中，关节运动驱动器1700具有远侧端部1702，该远侧端部被构造成能够可操作地接合关节运动锁1210。关节运动锁定件1210包括关节运动框架1212，该关节运动框架可枢转地联接到关节运动连接件1214，该关节运动连接件适于可操作地接合端部执行器安装组件1236的枢轴基座部分1232上的关节运动驱动销1230。如上所述，有关关节运动锁1210和关节运动框架1212的操作的更多细节可见于美国专利申请序列号13/803,086，美国专利申请公布2014/0263541。关于端部执行器安装组件和关节运动连接件1214的更多细节可见于2016年2月9日提交的名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTSWITH CLOSURE STROKE REDUCTION ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,245，该专利申请的整个公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。
在各种情况下，脊组件1500还包括近侧脊通道1510，该近侧脊通道可由压制的、弯曲的或机械加工的材料制成。如图6所示，(当从远侧端部观察时)近侧脊通道1510基本上为C形，并且被构造成能够用于在其侧壁部分1600之间可操作地支撑击发构件组件1512。如图6和图7所示，脊组件1500还包括近侧脊安装段1530，该近侧脊安装段通过脊销1514可旋转地固定到近侧脊通道1510的远侧端部1550。近侧脊安装段1530包括近端部分1532，该近端部分具有相对的凹口1535(在图7中仅可见一个)，用于接收从每个喷嘴部分1302、1304向内突出的对应安装凸耳1308(如图5所示)。通过将喷嘴1301围绕轴轴线SA旋转，这种布置有利于近侧脊安装段1530围绕轴轴线SA的旋转。在例示的布置中，近侧脊安装段1530还包括朝远侧突出的下轴段1534和与下轴段1536间隔开的朝远侧突出的上轴段1534。参见图7。轴段1534、轴段1536中的每一个具有弓形横截面形状。下轴段1534被容纳在近侧脊通道1514的近侧端部1510内。脊销1550延伸穿过近侧脊通道1510的近侧端部中的枢轴孔1516和下轴段1534中的枢轴孔1538。脊销1550包括形成两个直立侧壁部分1552的竖直沟槽1554。侧壁部分1554的上端被接纳在形成于近侧脊安装段1539中的对应凹坑1530内。
可互换外科工具组件1000包括可旋转地支撑轴组件1400的底座1800。近侧脊安装段的近端部分1532可旋转地支撑在形成于底座1800中的中心轴孔1801中。参见图6。在一种布置中，例如，近端部分1532可以是带螺纹的，用于附接到脊轴承(未示出)或以其他方式被支撑在安装在基础结构1800内的脊轴承中。这种布置有利于脊组件1500到底座1800的可旋转附接，使得脊组件1500可选择性地相对于底座1800围绕轴轴线SA旋转。
闭合组件1406包括细长中间闭合构件1410、远侧闭合构件1430和近侧闭合构件1480。在例示的布置中，近侧闭合构件1480包括可滑动地支撑在脊组件1500的一部分上的中空管状构件。因此，近侧闭合构件1480在本文中也可称为近侧闭合管。类似地，中间闭合构件1410在本文中也可以称为中间闭合管，并且远侧闭合构件1430也可以称为远侧闭合管。主要参见图6，可互换外科工具组件1000包括闭合梭动件1420，该闭合梭动件以可相对于底座1800轴向运动的方式可滑动地支撑在该底座内。在一种形式中，闭合梭动件1420包括一对向近侧突出的钩1421，它们被构造用于附接到附接销516(图2)，该附接销附接到柄部组件500的闭合连杆组件514。因此，当钩1421钩在销516上时，闭合触发器512的致动将导致闭合梭动件1420的轴向运动，并最终导致闭合组件1406在脊组件1500上的轴向运动。闭合弹簧(未示出)也可轴颈连接在闭合构件组件1406上并且用于将闭合组件1406朝近侧方向“PD”偏压，这可在工具组件1000操作地联接到柄部组件500时用于将闭合触发器512枢转到未致动位置中。在使用中，闭合构件组件1406朝远侧(方向DD)平移，以例如响应于闭合触发器512的致动来将砧座1130闭合。
闭合连杆514在本文中也可称为“闭合致动器”，而且闭合连杆514和闭合梭动件1420在本文中可统称为“闭合致动器组件”。近侧闭合构件1480的近侧端部1482联接到闭合梭动件1420，以相对于闭合梭动件旋转。例如，将U形连接器1485插入近侧闭合构件1480的近侧端部1482中的环形狭槽1484中，使其保留在闭合梭动件1420中的竖直狭槽1422内。参见图6。此类布置用于将近侧闭合构件1480附接到闭合梭动件1420，以与闭合梭动件一起轴向行进，同时使得闭合组件1406能够围绕轴轴线SA相对于闭合梭动件1420旋转。
如上所述，例示的可互换外科工具组件1000包括关节运动接头1200。如图4所示，上柄脚1415和下柄脚1416从中间闭合构件1410的远侧端部向远侧突出，以可移动地联接到远侧闭合构件1430。如图4所示，远侧闭合构件1430包括从其近侧端部向近侧突出的上柄脚1434和下柄脚1436。中间闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430由上部双枢轴连接件1220联接在一起。上部双枢轴连接件1220包括近侧销和远侧销，近侧销和远侧销分别接合近侧闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430的上柄脚1415、1434中的对应孔。中间闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430同样由下部双枢轴连接件1222联接在一起。下部双枢轴连接件1222包括近侧销和远侧销，近侧销和远侧销分别接合中间闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430的下柄脚1416和1436中的对应孔。如下面将进一步详细讨论的，闭合组件1406的远侧和近侧轴向平移将导致砧座1130和细长通道1102的闭合和打开。
如上所述，可互换外科工具组件1000还包括击发构件组件1600，该击发构件组件被支撑以便在脊组件1500内轴向行进。在例示的实施方案中，击发构件组件1600包括近侧击发轴段1602、中间击发轴部分1610和远侧切割部分或远侧击发杆1620。击发构件组件1600在本文中也可被称为“第二轴”和/或“第二轴组件”。如图6所示，近侧击发轴段1602可形成有远侧安装凸耳1604，该远侧安装凸耳被构造成能够在中间击发轴段1610的近侧端部1612中被接纳在相应的支架或沟槽1613内。近侧附接凸耳1606从近侧击发轴段1602的近侧朝近侧突出，并且被构造成能够可操作地接纳在被支撑在柄组件500中的纵向可移动驱动构件540中的击发轴附接支架542内。参见图2。
再次参见图6，中间击发轴段1610的远侧端部1616包括纵向狭槽1618，该纵向狭槽被构造成能够接收远侧击发杆1620的近侧端部上的接片(未示出)。纵向狭槽1618和远侧击发杆1620的近侧端部可被设定尺寸并被构造成能够使得其允许它们之间的相对运动并且可包括滑动接头1622。滑动接头1622可以允许近侧击发轴段1602和近侧中间击发轴部分1610的击发构件组件1600作为一个单元在关节运动动作期间移动，而不移动或至少基本上不移动远侧击发杆1620。一旦端部执行器1100已合适地取向，近侧击发轴段1602和中间击发轴段1610便可朝远侧推进，直到纵向狭槽1618的近侧端壁与远侧击发杆1620上的插片发生接触，以便推进远侧击发杆1620并击发定位在细长通道1102内的钉仓1110。如图6进一步所示，为了便于组装，近侧击发轴段1602、中间击发轴段1610和远侧击发杆1620可作为一个单元被插入近侧脊通道1510中，并且顶部脊盖1527可与近侧脊通道1510接合，以将击发构件组件1600的那些部分包封在其中。
除上述之外，可互换外科工具组件1000包括离合器组件1640，该离合器组件可被构造成能够选择性地且可释放地将关节运动驱动器1700联接到击发构件组件1600。在一种形式中，离合器组件1640包括旋转锁定组件，在至少一个实施方案中，该旋转锁定组件包括围绕击发构件组件1650定位的锁定衬圈或锁定套筒1600。锁定套筒1650被构造成能够在接合位置和脱离位置之间旋转，在接合位置，锁定套筒1650将关节运动驱动器1700联接到击发构件组件1600，在脱离位置，关节运动驱动器1700未操作地联接到击发构件组件1600。当锁定套筒1650处于其接合位置时，击发构件组件1600的远侧运动可使关节运动驱动器1700朝远侧运动，相应地，击发构件组件1600的近侧运动可使关节运动驱动器1700朝近侧运动。当锁定套筒1650处于其脱离位置时，击发构件组件1600的运动不传递到关节运动驱动器1700，因此，击发构件组件1600可独立于关节运动驱动器1700运动。在各种情况下，当关节运动驱动器1700未由击发构件组件1600朝近侧方向或远侧方向移动时，关节运动驱动器1700可由关节运动锁1210保持在适当的位置。
主要参考图8和图9，锁定套筒1650包括圆柱形或至少基本上圆柱形的主体，该主体包括限定在其中的纵向孔1652，该纵向孔被构造成能够接收击发构件组件1600的近侧击发轴段1602。锁定套筒1650还具有形成于其上的两个沿直径相对的、面向内的锁定突起部1654。在图8和图9中只能看到一个锁定突起部1654。锁定突起部1654可被构造成能够选择性地与击发构件组件1600的近侧击发轴段1602接合。更具体地，当锁定套筒1650处于其接合位置时(图8)，锁定突起部1654被定位在设置于近侧击发轴段1602中的驱动凹口1603内，使得远侧推力和/或近侧推力可从击发构件组件1600传递至锁定套筒1650。如图8和图9所示，关节运动驱动凹口1655设置在锁定套筒1650的远端部分中，以附接到近侧关节运动驱动器1704的近侧端部1700。在例示的布置中，例如，近侧端部1704包括驱动器凹口1706，该驱动器凹口被构造成能够接合锁定套筒1655中的驱动凹口1650。这种附接布置使得锁定套筒1650相对于近侧关节运动驱动器1700可旋转，同时保持附接到其上。当锁定套筒1650处于“关节运动模式”或取向时(图8)，施加到近侧击发轴段1602的远侧推动力和/或近侧拉力也被传递到锁定套筒1650和联接到其上的近侧关节运动驱动器1700。实际上，当锁定套筒1650处于关节运动模式时，击发构件组件1600、锁定套筒1650和近侧关节运动驱动器1700将一起运动。另一方面，当锁定套筒1650处于其“击发模式”时(图9)，锁定突起部1654不定位在击发构件组件1603的近侧击发轴段1602中的驱动凹口1600内。当处于该位置时，施加到近侧击发轴段1602的远侧推动力和/或近侧拉力不传输到锁定套筒1650和近侧关节运动驱动器1700。在此类情况下，击发构件组件1600可相对于锁定套筒1650和近侧关节运动驱动器1700朝近侧和/或朝远侧移动。
所示的离合器组件1640还包括与锁定套筒1650接合的切换筒1660。切换筒1660包括中空轴段，该中空轴段与支撑在其中的换档板组件1680可操作地交接。换档板组件1680包括主体部分1681，该主体部分具有从其横向突出的换档销1682。换挡销1682延伸到换挡销狭槽1662中，该换挡销狭槽穿过换挡筒1660的壁部分设置。换挡板组件1680的主体部分1681具有形成在其中的滑动狭槽1683，该滑动狭槽的尺寸和构造被设置成与从滑动锁定件1650的近侧端部突出的滑动凸台1656交接。切换筒1660还可以包括开口1664，该开口允许向内延伸的安装凸耳1308从喷嘴半块1302、1304延伸以延伸穿过其中，以便坐置成被接纳在近侧脊安装段1530中的对应凹口1535内。参见图5。通过旋转喷嘴1301，这种布置有利于轴组件1400围绕轴轴线SA的旋转。
同样在所示实施方案中，切换筒1660包括磁体支撑臂1665，该磁体支撑臂支撑关节运动磁体1708和其中的击发磁体1611。关节运动磁体1708和击发磁体1611被构造成能够与霍尔效应传感器1632可操作地交接，该霍尔效应传感器与可操作地安装到基础结构1630的滑环组件1800交接。例如，滑环组件1630被构造成能够将电力传导到可互换外科轴组件1000和/或从可互换外科轴组件传导电力和/或将信号传递到可互换外科轴组件1000和/或从可互换外科轴组件部件传送回柄部组件500中的微控制器520(图2)或机器人系统控制器。关于滑环组件1630和相关联的连接器的进一步细节可以在美国专利No.9,045,203和美国专利申请序列号15/019,196(这两个专利申请的相应全部内容各自以引用方式并入本文)以及名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号13/800,067(现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263552)中找到，其全部内容据此以引用方式并入本文。关节运动磁体1708和击发磁体1611与霍尔效应传感器1632或其他传感器装置配合以检测切换筒1660的旋转位置并将该信息传送到微控制器520，微控制器可用于以在上述并入的参考文献中讨论的各种方式向使用者提供一个或多个指示。也可采用其他传感器布置。
在各种情况下，柄部组件500可用于控制被构造成能够执行各种外科手术的各种不同的可互换外科工具组件。如上文简要提及的，可互换外科工具组件1000还可以有效地与机器人系统和自动外科系统结合使用，每个机器人系统和自动外科系统在本文中可以称为“控制系统”或“控制单元”。这种控制系统或控制单元可以可操作地支撑击发系统和闭合系统，所述击发系统和闭合系统被构造成成在致动时移动击发致动部件或“击发致动器”(在击发系统的情况下)和闭合致动部件或“闭合致动器”(在闭合系统的情况下)对应的轴向距离，以将控制运动施加到可互换工具组件内的对应部件。在一种布置中，当柄部组件(或机器人系统)中的闭合系统被完全致动时，闭合致动器可从未致动位置轴向移动至其完全致动位置。闭合部件在其未致动位置和其完全致动位置之间移动的轴向距离在本文中可称为其“闭合行程长度”或“第一闭合距离”。相似地，当柄部组件或机器人系统中的击发系统被完全致动时，击发系统部件中的一个可从其未致动位置轴向移动至其完全致动或击发位置。击发构件部件在其未致动位置和其完全击发位置之间移动的轴向距离在本文中可称为其“击发行程长度”或“第一击发距离”。对于采用可关节运动的端部执行器布置的那些外科工具组件，柄部组件或机器人系统可采用轴向移动经过“关节运动驱动行程长度”或“关节运动距离”的关节运动控制部件。在许多情况下，闭合行程长度、击发行程长度和关节运动驱动行程长度对于特定柄部组件或机器人系统是固定的。因此，被构造成能够与此类控制单元或系统结合使用的可互换外科工具组件中的每一个必须能够适应闭合、击发和/或关节运动部件/致动器穿过各自的整个行程长度的控制运动，而不会对外科工具组件施加过度的应力，过度的应力可能导致外科工具组件的损坏或重大损伤。具有用于减小致动器系统的轴向闭合行程的装置的外科工具组件的示例公开于2016年2月9日提交的名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CLOSURE STROKE REDUCTION ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号15/019,245中，该专利申请的整个公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS COMPRISING AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR ANDMEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE FIRING STROKE OF A FIRING MEMBER”的美国专利申请公开No.2016/0174977公开了用于调节击发构件的击发行程的装置。
取决于可操作地联接到柄部组件500的可互换外科工具组件的端部执行器部分的钳口结构，柄部组件510中的闭合驱动系统500在被完全致动时，可产生对于此类钳口布置而言过长的闭合行程或第一轴向闭合距离。可互换外科工具组件1000的所示实施方案采用总体标记为1720的闭合行程减少组件，以减少当闭合驱动系统510完全致动时施加到端部执行器的闭合行程的量。例如，处于柄部组件510的一种形式的闭合驱动系统500可产生轴向闭合运动，以使闭合致动器(例如，闭合连杆514-图2)或闭合致动器组件(例如，闭合连杆514和闭合梭动件1420)轴向向前和向后移动约0.240"-0.260"。此类轴向控制行程可非常适合于外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器配备有相对于它们所附接到的通道或钳口排布结构朝远侧移动的砧座或钳口结构。因为钳口围绕固定的钳口轴线JA枢转地联接在一起，所以它们可更适于较短的闭合行程。换句话讲，砧座1130不会相对于细长通道1102朝远侧移动。例如，这种布置可能更适合于约0.1"-0.150"的闭合行程范围。如下面将进一步详细讨论的，当闭合驱动系统510在柄部组件500中完全致动时，闭合梭动件1420和近侧闭合构件1480可在远侧方向DD上移动约0.260英寸(“第一闭合行程距离”)。然而，闭合行程减少组件1720减少施加到中间闭合构件1410并最终施加到远侧闭合构件1430的闭合行程的量(“闭合行程距离”)。在一些布置中，例如，闭合行程减少组件1720可将施加到中间闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430的闭合行程的大小减小至例如约0.1"。应当理解，可设想实现其他量的闭合行程减小。
现在参考图12A和图12B，在一种形式中，闭合行程减少组件1720包括附接到闭合构件安装构件或安装环1730的闭合减小连杆1740。如图6、图12A和图12B所示，中间闭合构件1410具有在近端部分1414上形成的近侧附接凸缘1412。安装环1740的尺寸被设计成可滑动地在近侧闭合构件1480内移动，并且包括用于在其中接纳附接凸缘1742的安装沟槽1414。此类布置用于将安装环1740附接到中间闭合构件1410。在例示是实施方案中，闭合减小连杆1730包括通过致动销1736可枢转地附接在一起的近侧连接件1732和远侧连接件1734。近侧连接件1732可枢转地固定到形成在近侧脊通道1518上的直立附接壁1510。远侧连接件1734可枢转地固定到安装环1740。闭合减小连杆1730通过轴向移动近侧闭合构件1480而致动。在至少一个布置中，例如，致动器销1736可滑动地轴颈安装在设置在近侧闭合构件1480中的凸轮槽1486中。致动器销1736也向内延伸以可滑动地被接纳在形成于锁定套筒1658的近端部分上的滑动轨道1650内。因此，当近侧闭合构件1480运动到其最远侧位置时，致动器销1736在凸轮狭槽1486的近侧端部中，使得闭合减少连杆1730处于其完全延伸的位置，如图12B和图14所示。当近侧闭合构件1480处于其最近侧位置时，闭合减小连杆1730处于其回缩位置(图12A和图13)。
如上所简述，换档板组件1680包括主体部分1681，该主体部分具有从其横向突出的换档销1682。换挡销1682延伸到换挡销狭槽1662中，该换挡销狭槽穿过切换筒1660的壁部分设置。换挡销1682还延伸穿过设置在近侧闭合构件1480中的凸轮开口1490。参见图10和图11。所示布置中的凸轮开口1490包括行进部分1492，该行进部分足够长以允许近侧闭合构件组件1480相对于换挡销1682和击发部分1494的预定量的轴向行进。在至少一种布置中，换挡板1680被约束为仅绕轴轴线SA旋转短距离并且被约束为不在切换筒1660内轴向移动。可参考图8至图11观察换挡板1680和换挡销1682的这种旋转行程。
图8、图10和图12A示出处于关节运动模式的离合器组件1640，并且图9、图11和图12B示出处于击发模式的离合器组件1640。离合器组件1640通过将近侧闭合构件1480移动到其最远侧位置而从关节运动模式移动到击发模式，该最远侧位置对应于端部执行器钳口(细长通道1102和砧座1130)的“完全闭合”位置。近侧闭合构件1480通过压下柄部组件512上的闭合触发器500而朝远侧移动。如上所述，当闭合触发器512被压下时，闭合梭动件1420朝远侧推进。因为近侧闭合构件1480被支撑在闭合梭动件1420中，所以近侧闭合构件1480也朝远侧移动。当离合器组件1640处于关节运动模式时，换挡销1682围绕近侧闭合构件1492中的凸轮开口1490的行进部分1480在中间(纵向)定位。因此，近侧闭合构件1480可(通过压下和至少部分地释放闭合触发器512)轴向地来回移动一小段距离，以有效地使钳口(砧座1130和细长通道1102)在打开和关闭位置之间移动，而不将离合器组件1640移动到击发模式。因此，临床医生可使用钳口来抓握和操纵组织，而不将钳口移动至完全闭合位置，并且不将离合器组件1640移动至击发模式。然而，当临床医生想要完全闭合钳口时，临床医生将闭合触发器512完全压下至完全致动位置。此动作会引起近侧闭合构件1480移动到其最远侧轴向位置。参见图9、图11和图12B。当近侧闭合构件1480移动到该位置时，凸轮开口1491的近侧凸轮壁1490接触换挡销1682并且将换挡销1682(和换挡板1680)凸轮移动至图9和图11中所示的击发取向。在例示的实施方案中，扭转变速弹簧1667被轴颈连接在切换筒1660上并且被构造成能够将切换筒1660旋转偏置到对应于关节运动模式的位置。参见图10。换挡销1682位于切换筒1660中的换挡销狭槽1662的底部，并且由此移动到图10所示的关节运动位置。为了将扭转偏置力施加到切换筒1660，扭转弹簧1668的一个端部1667附接到开关筒1660，并且另一个端部1669附接到喷嘴1301。下文提供了关于离合器组件1640和闭合行程减少组件1720的操作的更多细节。
图12A示出了当近侧闭合构件1730处于未致动位置时闭合行程减少组件1410和中间闭合构件1480的位置。该“未致动”位置可对应于钳口处于其各自的“完全打开”位置时外科端部执行器的钳口的取向。出于参考目的，近侧闭合构件1480的未致动位置由起始见证线SWLp表示，并且中间闭合构件1410的未致动位置由起始见证线SWLi表示。图12B示出当近侧闭合构件1480处于完全致动位置时闭合行程减少组件1730和中间闭合构件1410的位置，该完全致动位置可对应于钳口处于其各自的“完全闭合”位置时外科端部执行器的钳口的取向。如上所述，当近侧闭合构件1480处于完全致动位置时，击发触发器532的致动将导致击发构件组件1600朝远侧推进。出于参考目的，近侧闭合段1480的完全致动位置由结束见证线EWLp表示。中间闭合构件1410的完全致动位置由结束见证线EWLi表示。近侧闭合构件1480在未致动位置和完全致动位置之间行进的轴向距离由距离D1表示。在一个示例中，D1可为约0.260"。中间闭合构件1410(以及最终远侧闭合构件1430)在未致动位置和完全致动位置之间行进的轴向距离由距离D2表示。如图12A和12B所示，D1>D2。在上面引用的示例中，D2可为约0.1"。因此，中间闭合构件1410和远侧闭合构件1430行进的轴向距离比近侧闭合构件1480的轴向距离短。这种布置允许外科端部执行器1100的钳口布置更好地利用由柄部组件500中的闭合驱动系统510产生的闭合运动，并且避免当将全部闭合运动施加于端部执行器时可能导致的潜在损坏。
再次参见图2和图6，底座1800包括在其上形成的至少一个、优选地两个锥形附接部分1802，该锥形附接部分适于被接收在对应的燕尾形狭槽507内，所述燕尾形狭槽在柄部组件500的框架506的远端部分内形成。如可在图2中进一步所见，轴附接凸耳1606在近侧击发轴段1602的近侧端部上形成。如将在下文进一步详细地讨论，当可互换外科工具组件1000联接到柄部组件500时，轴附接凸耳1606被接收在击发轴附接支架542中，该击发轴附接支架在纵向驱动构件540的远侧端部中形成。参见图2。
可互换外科工具组件1000采用闩锁系统1810，用于将可互换外科工具组件1000可拆卸地联接到柄部组件500的框架506。如可在图5中所见，例如，在至少一种形式中，闩锁系统1810包括可动地联接到底盘1800的锁构件或锁轭1812。在例示的实施方案中，例如，锁轭1812为U形，并且包括两个向下延伸的支脚1814。支脚1814各自具有在其上形成的枢轴凸耳(未示出)，这些枢轴凸耳适于被接收在底座1800中形成的对应孔1816中。此类构造有利于将锁定轭1812枢转附接到底座1800。参见图6。锁定轭1812可包括两个朝近侧突起的锁定凸耳1818，这两个锁定凸耳被构造成能够与柄部组件500的框架506的远侧端部中的对应锁定棘爪或凹槽509可释放地接合。参见图2。在各种形式中，锁定轭1812被弹簧或偏置构件1819沿近侧方向偏置。锁定轭1812的致动可通过可滑动地安装在闩锁致动器组件1822上的闩锁按钮1820来实现，该闩锁致动器组件安装到底盘1800。闩锁按钮1820可相对于锁轭1812沿近侧方向偏置。锁定轭1812可通过沿远侧方向偏置闩锁按钮1820而运动到解锁位置，这也使锁定轭1812枢转成不再与框架506的远侧端部保持接合。当锁定轭1812与框架506的远侧端部“保持接合”时，锁定凸耳1818保持坐置在框架506的远侧端部中对应的锁定止动器或凹槽509内。
在所示的布置中，锁定轭1812包括至少一个且优选地两个锁定钩1824，这些锁定钩适于接触在闭合梭动件1420上形成的对应锁定凸耳突起1426。当闭合梭动件1420处于未致动位置时，锁定轭1812可沿远侧方向枢转以将可互换外科工具组件1000从柄部组件500解锁。当处于该位置时，锁定钩1824不接触闭合梭动件1420上的锁定凸耳部分1426。然而，当闭合梭动件1420移动到致动位置时，防止锁定轭1812枢转到解锁位置。换句话讲，如果临床医生试图将锁定轭1812枢转到解锁位置，或者例如，锁定轭1812不经意地以原本可能引起其朝远侧枢转的方式受到碰撞或发生接触，则锁定轭1812上的锁定钩1824将接触闭合梭动件1420上的锁定凸耳1426，并且防止锁定轭1812运动到解锁位置。参见图5。有关闩锁系统的更多细节可见于美国专利申请公布2014/0263541。
现在将参照图2描述可互换外科工具组件1000与柄部组件500的附接。要开始联接过程，临床医生可将可互换外科工具组件1000的底座1800定位在框架506的远侧端部上方或附近，使得底座1800上形成的锥形附接部分1802与框架506中的燕尾形狭槽507对准。然后临床医生可将外科工具组件1000沿垂直于轴轴线SA的安装轴线IA运动，以使锥形附接部分1802安置成与框架506的远侧端部中的对应燕尾形接收狭槽507“可操作地接合”。这样做时，近侧击发轴段1602上的轴附接凸耳1606也将安置在可纵向运动的驱动构件540中的支架542中，并且闭合连接件514上的销516的部分将安置在闭合梭动件1420中的对应钩1421中。如本文所用，术语“可操作地接合”在两个部件的背景下是指这两个部件彼此充分地接合，使得一旦向其施加致动运动，这些部件便可以执行其预期行动、功能和/或程序。
再次参见图4，远侧击发杆1620可包括层压梁结构，该层压梁结构包括至少两个梁层。这些梁层可包括例如不锈钢带，这些带通过例如在其近侧端部和/或沿其长度的其他位置处焊接或钉扎而互连在一起。在另选的实施方案中，这些带的远侧端部不连接在一起，以允许层压体或带在端部执行器进行关节运动时相对于彼此展开。这种布置允许远侧击发杆1620足够柔韧以适应端部执行器的关节运动。各种层压刀杆布置在美国专利申请序列号15/019,245中公开。同样如图4所示，中间支撑构件1614用于在远侧击发杆1620弯曲时为远侧击发杆提供侧向支撑，以适应外科端部执行器1100的关节运动。关于中间支撑构件和另选刀杆支撑布置的进一步细节在美国专利申请序列号15/019,245中公开。
在可互换外科工具组件1000已可操作地联接到柄部组件500(图1)之后，临床医生可如下操作外科工具组件10。如上所述，当闭合驱动系统510处于其未致动位置时(即，闭合触发器512未被致动)，扭转弹簧1667已偏置离合器组件1640，更具体地，偏置切换销1682和锁定套筒1650进入关节运动位置。参见图8、图10和图12A。如图8所示，当处于该位置时，锁定套筒1654中的锁定突起部1650被接纳在近侧击发轴段1603中的驱动凹口1602内。如图10所示，当处于该模式时，关节运动磁体1708相对于霍尔效应传感器1632处于适当位置，以便向微控制器520指示工具组件1000处于关节运动模式。当临床医生致动击发触发器512时，马达将近侧击发轴段1602向远侧驱动。然而，如上所述，滑动接头1622有利于近侧击发轴段1602和中间击发轴部分1610的移动，而不移动或至少基本上不移动远侧击发杆1620。因为锁定套筒1650与近侧击发轴段1602可操作地接合并且近侧关节运动驱动器1700与锁定套筒1650接合，近侧击发轴段1602的致动导致关节运动驱动器1700的远侧运动。关节运动驱动器1700的远侧运动使得外科端部执行器1000围绕关节运动轴线B-B进行关节运动。在此期间，临床医生还可以通过部分地按压闭合触发器来使端部执行器1100的钳口部分地闭合。近侧闭合构件1480的这种轴向运动而不自动将离合器组件1640移位到击发模式由近侧闭合构件1492中的凸轮开口1490的行进部分1480容纳。参见图10。该特征使临床医生能够在夹紧到目标组织上之前使用钳口来抓握和操纵组织。
一旦临床医生将端部执行器1100关节运动到期望位置并且钳口已经相对于目标组织定位在期望的取向，临床医生就释放击发触发器532，这将中断近侧击发轴段1602以及近侧关节运动驱动器1700的机动运动。关节运动锁1210将近侧关节运动驱动器1700锁定在该位置，以防止端部执行器1100的进一步关节运动。临床医生可以通过将闭合触发器512按压到完全按下位置来将目标组织夹在钳口之间。这种动作使近侧闭合构件1480向远侧移动。当近侧闭合构件1480与凸轮壁1491接触时，该近侧闭合构件的这种远侧运动使得切换销1682在凸轮开口1490内向下旋转。参见图11。现在参见图11，换挡销1682在凸轮开口1490内的向下移动导致换挡板1680旋转锁定套筒1650以旋转至与近侧击发轴段1602脱离的位置。当处于该位置时，锁定突起部1654已经从近侧击发轴段1602中的驱动凹口1603脱离。因此，近侧击发轴段1602可以轴向移动而不会移动锁定套筒1650和近侧关节运动驱动器1700。当近侧闭合构件1480(通过压下闭合触发器512)朝远侧运动到完全致动位置时，闭合行程减少组件1730使中间闭合构件1410朝远侧移动减小的轴向距离，如上所述。这种轴向运动被施加到远侧闭合构件1430，并且最终将钳口移动至完全闭合位置。当处于该位置时，柄部组件500中的闭合驱动系统510系统可以被锁定，并且临床医生可以释放闭合触发器512。当离合器组件1640已移动至该击发模式时，击发磁体1611与霍尔效应传感器1632连通，以指示离合器组件1640相对于微控制器520的位置。参见图11。微控制器520可以向临床医生提供远侧击发杆1620在向远侧推进穿过夹在端部执行器钳口之间的目标组织时的位置的指示。一旦远侧击发杆1620并且更具体地附接到其上的击发构件或刀构件已经前进到完全击发位置，微控制器520利用传感器布置检测击发构件组件1600的一部分的位置，然后可以使马达反转以使远侧击发杆1620回缩到其起始位置。该动作可以是自动的，或者临床医生可能必须在回缩过程中按下击发触发器532。一旦远侧击发杆1620已完全回缩到其起始位置，微控制器520可向临床医生提供远侧击发杆1620已完全回缩的指示，并且闭合扳机512可被解锁以使闭合组件1406能够返回到未致动位置，从而将钳口移动到打开位置。
在图15A和图15B所示的实施方案中，砧座组件1130包括砧座主体部分1132和砧座安装部分1134。砧座安装部分1134包括一对砧座安装壁1136，其由狭槽1138(图4)分开。砧座安装壁1136通过直立的接片部分1139互连或桥接。如上所述，端部执行器安装组件1230通过一对侧向延伸的钳口附接销1235可枢转地附接到细长通道1102的近侧端部1103，所述一对侧向延伸的钳口附接销可旋转地容纳在设置在细长通道1102的近侧端部1103中的钳口枢轴孔1104内。钳口附接销1235限定基本上横向于轴轴线SA的固定钳口枢转轴线JA。参见图4。砧座安装壁1136中的每一个具有延伸穿过其中的安装孔1140，以使砧座安装部分1134能够枢转地轴颈连接在钳口附接销1235上。因此，在这种布置中，砧座1130和细长通道1102可围绕固定钳口枢转轴线JA独立地枢转。这种布置可允许砧座1130和细长通道1102(“钳口”)打开至可比其他端部执行器装置的钳口可获得的那些打开位置更宽的位置，其中只有一个钳口相对于另一个钳口移动。
仍然参见图15A和图15B，远侧闭合构件1430包括两个向内延伸的钳口开口销1432，这两个向内延伸的钳口开口销适于延伸穿过设置在细长通道1102的近侧端部1103中的对应的通道开口凸轮狭槽1106。每个钳口开口销1432被构造成能够接合形成在每个砧座安装壁1142上的对应的砧座开口凸起表面1136。如图15A和图15B所示，砧座开口凸起表面1142与对应的通道开口凸轮狭槽1106相对或以相反的构型布置。换句话讲，通道开口凸轮狭槽1106和砧座开口凸起表面1142沿彼此相反的方向弯曲。
图15A示出砧座1130和处于完全闭合位置的细长通道1102(“钳口”)。当远侧闭合构件1430朝远侧推进时，远侧闭合构件1431的远侧端部1430向上行进至形成在砧座安装壁1137中的每一个上的闭合凸起表面1136，以及形成在细长通道1108的近侧端部1103上的闭合凸起表面1102。当远侧闭合构件1430的远侧端部1431凸轮接触闭合凸起表面1137、1108时，砧座1130以及细长通道1102都围绕钳口枢转轴线JA枢转到闭合位置，此时远侧闭合构件1430的远侧端部1431接触在砧座安装部分1134和砧座主体部分1132之间形成的凸缘部分1133以及在细长通道上的凸缘1145。参见图15A。当闭合构件组件1400被锁定就位时，远侧闭合构件1430将砧座1130和细长通道1102保持在该闭合位置。当临床医生想要将砧座1130和细长通道1102移动至打开位置时，远侧闭合构件1430在近侧方向PD上移动。当远侧闭合构件1430在近侧方向PD上移动时，钳口开口销1432接合对应的通道开口凸轮狭槽1106和砧座开口凸起表面1142，并且将砧座1130和细长通道围绕固定钳口轴线JA枢转至图15B所示的打开位置。这种使用远侧闭合构件上的特征销来实现两个钳口从完全闭合位置到完全打开位置的移动在本文中可称为“正向钳口打开”特征部。其他正向钳口打开布置在名称为“SURGICAL END EFFECTORS WITH POSITIVE JAW OPENING ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,925中公开，该申请全文以引用方式并入本文。
图16至图21示出了另选的远侧闭合构件1430'，其采用例如可移动的钳口开口凸轮1440形式的另选的正向钳口开口特征部，该可移动的钳口开口凸轮附接到远侧闭合构件1430'以代替钳口开口销。至少一个并且优选两个钳口开口凸轮1440通过对应的可拉伸联接器1430可移动地附接到远侧闭合构件1450'。在例示的实施方案中，联接器1450包括凸轮或拉伸弹簧。在例示的布置中，拉伸弹簧1454包括平坦弹簧以节省空间。每个拉伸弹簧1450的近侧端部都具有形成于其上的钩1452，所述钩延伸穿过远侧闭合构件1442'中的开口1430。每个钩1452的端部都可以被安置在形成于远侧闭合构件1444'中的对应狭槽或沟槽1430中，如图16所示。每个拉伸弹簧1455的远侧端部1454都附接到对应的钳口开口凸轮1440。细长通道1103的近侧端部1102包括一对弹簧间隙狭槽1106'和被构造成能够由钳口开口凸轮1440接合的通道开口凸起表面1107。在另选的布置中，弹簧可包括最大延伸特征部，这些最大延伸特征部仅允许预先确定的量的顺应量，然后确保与剩余闭合触发器行进成比例的钳口开口，从而确保闭合梭动件的运动。如上所述，每个砧座安装壁1136具有形成在其上的砧座开口凸起表面1142。如图19所示，砧座开口凸起表面1142与对应的通道开口凸起表面1107相对或以相反的构型布置。换句话讲，通道开口凸起表面1107和砧座开口凸起表面1142是弧形的并且沿相反方向弯曲。
图20和图21示出砧座1130和细长通道1102处于其各自的完全打开位置。如这些附图中的每一个图所示，钳口开口凸轮1440在对应的砧座开口凸起表面1142和通道开口凸起表面1107之间取向并且处于其最近侧位置。当处于完全打开位置时，钳口开口凸轮1440位于远侧闭合构件1430'的远侧端部的远侧。如图19和图20所示，钳口开口凸轮1440可为楔形的。在至少一种布置中，楔形几何形状在近侧上具有渐变的凸起表面以防止钳口之间的偏置。当处于该完全打开位置时，拉伸弹簧1454处于其起始位置，其中拉伸弹簧1454将其最小偏置力施加到钳口开口凸轮1440中的每一个。在闭合过程开始时，远侧闭合构件1430'以本文所述的各种方式朝远侧推进。当远侧闭合构件1430'朝远侧推进时，远侧端部1431接触砧座安装部分1137上的闭合凸起表面1134和在细长通道1108的近侧端部1103上形成的闭合凸起表面1102，以围绕枢转钳口轴线JA使砧座1130和细长通道1102朝彼此枢转。当砧座1130和细长通道1102朝彼此枢转时，横跨在凸起表面1440和1142上的钳口开口凸轮1104在远侧方向上被驱动。当钳口开口凸轮1440被朝远侧驱动时，拉伸弹簧1454是细长的且“负载的”。
图18和图19示出处于其完全闭合位置的砧座1130和细长通道1102。当临床医生想要将砧座1130和细长通道1102返回至其完全打开位置(图20和图21)时，远侧闭合构件1430'在近侧方向上被抽出，这允许砧座1130和细长通道1102围绕枢转钳口轴线JA彼此远离地枢转。因为拉伸弹簧1454是细长的且是负载的，所以它们在近侧方向上拉动钳口开口凸轮1440中的每一个。当钳口开口凸轮1440在凸起表面1142和1107之间沿近侧方向PD移动时，砧座1130和细长通道1102被正向移动至完全打开的位置并且通过钳口开口凸轮1440保持在其中。远侧闭合构件朝近侧移动越多，则钳口就越远离彼此。这种顺应性的正向钳口开口布置可确保直接一对一的最终拉开以在卡住时提供更大的打开力。
图22至图25示出采用钳口开口接片以及至少一个钳口开口弹簧1460的另选的远侧闭合构件1430”，以将砧座1130和细长通道1102'移动到其相应的完全打开的位置中。如图24和图25所示，远侧闭合构件1430”类似于如上所述的远侧闭合构件1430，不同的是远侧闭合构件1430”另外包括砧座打开突片1435和通道打开突片1437。如图24所示，当远侧闭合构件1430”已经移动到其对应于完全打开位置的最近侧位置时，砧座打开接片1435与砧座安装部分1134上的接片1139接触，并且通道开口接片与从细长通道1102的近端部分1103的下侧突出的通道接片1109接触。
图22、图24和图25中描绘的实施方案还采用了可包括钳口打开弹簧1460的正向钳口开口构件。如图23所示，在例示的布置中，钳口开口弹簧1460包括砧座开口腿部1462和通过桥接部分1464附接的通道开口腿部1463。如图22、图24和图25所示，弹簧1460可被轴颈连接在钳口附接销1235上，使得砧座开口腿部1462承载在砧座安装部分1134的底部表面上，并且通道开口腿部1464承载在细长通道1102'的近侧端部1103的底部表面上。因此，钳口打开弹簧1460用来向砧座1130和细长通道1102'施加偏置力，以使它们彼此远离打开位置枢转。图25示出砧座1130和处于完全闭合位置的细长通道1102。如图25所示，钳口开口弹簧1460处于其完全压缩状态。为了打开砧座和通道1102'，远侧闭合构件1430”在近侧方向PD上以本文所公开的各种方式移动。当远侧闭合构件1430”朝近侧移动时，钳口开口弹簧1460将砧座1130和细长通道1102'围绕枢转轴线JA彼此远离地正向偏置到完全打开的位置，其中砧座开口接片1435接合砧座安装部分1139上的接片1134并且通道开口接片1437接合通道接片1109。参见图24。在至少一种布置中，钳口开口弹簧安装在击发构件停放区域(即，当击发构件处于起始位置时所在的区域)的近侧。
图26至图29示出在细长通道和闭合构件中采用狭槽布置的另选的远侧闭合构件1470，该狭槽布置被构造成能够在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动砧座1130”。在所例示的布置中，除了下面讨论的差异，远侧闭合构件1470类似于如上所述的远侧闭合构件1430。然而，在这种布置中，仅砧座1130”相对于细长通道1102”运动。如图26至图29所示，砧座1130”的砧座安装部分1134包括两个向外延伸的砧座销1150，这两个向外延伸的砧座销延伸穿过设置在细长通道1102”的近侧端部1103中的对应的通道狭槽1472。每个砧座销1150还延伸到远侧闭合构件1470中的对应的闭合狭槽1474中。在所例示的布置中，每个通道狭槽1472沿垂直轴VA延伸。砧座销1150限定枢转轴线PA，砧座1130”可围绕该枢转轴线枢转。因为砧座销1150被约束为仅在垂直延伸的通道狭槽1472内移动，因此枢转轴线PA被约束为仅沿垂直轴线VA移动。每个闭合狭槽1474都具有近端部分1476和远端部分1478。近端部分1476沿第一水平轴线HA1放置，远端部分1478沿第二水平轴线HA2放置，该第二水平轴线偏离第一水平轴线HA1。参见图26。垂直轴线VA横向于第一水平轴线HA1和第二水平轴线HA2。
图26示出处于完全打开位置时砧座1130”和细长通道1102”的位置。如图26所示，当处于该位置时，砧座销1150位于通道狭槽1472的顶端(“第一垂直位置”)以及闭合狭槽1474的远端部分1478中。图27示出闭合过程已开始之后砧座1130”和细长通道1102”的位置。如图27所示，远侧闭合构件1470已开始朝远侧移动，使得砧座销1150恰好即将进入闭合狭槽的近侧部分1476，并且销已开始在通道狭槽1472中向下移动。在图28中，远侧闭合构件1470已朝远侧移动到其中砧座销1150位于通道狭槽1472的底端处的点，并且砧座销1150现已进入闭合狭槽1474的近端部分1476。因此，砧座安装部分1134已朝细长通道1102”向下运动。图29示出处于其完全闭合位置的砧座1130”和细长通道砧座1102”。如图29所示，砧座销1150被保持在通道狭槽1472的底端(“第二竖直位置”)中，并且也被接纳在闭合狭槽1474的近端部分1476内。当远侧闭合构件1470保持在该位置时，砧座1130”和细长通道1102”保持在该完全闭合位置。从图29中可以看出，这种布置有利于砧座安装部分1134相对于通道1102”的垂直移动，从而当处于完全打开位置时，增加了砧座下侧与仓平台之间的距离。这种冗余连杆结构可允许调节砧座和邻近组织止挡件的钉仓平台之间的近侧距离。另一个仓实施方案可包括靠近滑动起始位置的金属凸轮端接特征部。这种金属特征部可以支撑或保持滑动件处于“准备使用”位置，同时防止尾部塌陷。
图30至图32示出可与可互换工具组件1000一起使用的击发构件1760的一种形式。在一个示例性形式中，击发构件1760包括主体部分1762，该主体部分包括朝近侧延伸的连接器构件1763，该连接器构件被构造成能够容纳在远侧击发杆1620的远侧端部中的相应形状的连接器开口1624(图4)中。连接器1763可通过摩擦和/或焊接或合适的粘合剂等保持在连接器开口1624内。在使用中，主体部分1762突出穿过细长通道1102中的细长狭槽1160。侧向延伸的脚部接片1764从主体部分1762的每个侧面延伸。每个脚部突片1764包括具有厚度PEf的近侧端部1765和具有厚度DEf的远侧端部1767。这种构型还限定了上脚部表面1768和下脚部表面1769。在所例示的参考中，上脚部表面1768和下脚部表面1769彼此成角度远离。在图31中，上脚部表面1768平行于上轴线UA，下脚部表面1769平行于下轴线UL，其间具有角度AF。换句话讲，远侧厚度DEf>近侧厚度PEf。因此，每个脚部接片1764的厚度从它们各自的远侧端部1767到其近侧端部1765逐渐变薄，其中近侧端部更薄。
仍然主要参见图31，所例示的击发构件1760还包括一对横向延伸的顶部接片1770。每个顶部突片1770包括具有厚度PET的近侧端部1772和具有厚度DET的远侧端部1774。这种构型还限定顶部表面1776和底部表面1778。在所例示的参考中，顶部表面1776和底部表面1778彼此成角度远离。在图31中，顶表面1776平行于上部轴线TA，底表面1778平行于底部轴线BL，其间具有角度AT。换句话讲，每个顶部突片1770的远侧厚度DET大于其近侧厚度PET。因此，每个顶部接片1770的厚度从它们各自的远侧端部1774到其近侧端部1772逐渐变薄，其中近侧端部1772更薄。在所示的布置中，角度AF可以近似等于角度AT。此外，每个顶部接片1770的顶部表面1776可以分别距远侧端部1774、1765之间的每个对应的脚部接片1764的下脚部表面1769距离HF，并且在其各自的近侧端部1772、1767处也是距彼此距离HR。在所例示的布置中，HF>HR因此，每个顶部接片1770的顶部表面1776远离轴线SA成角度，并且每个脚部接片1764的每个下脚部表面1769远离轴线SA成角度。例示的击发构件1760还包括侧向突出的中央锁定凸耳1780，对此将在下文中进一步详细讨论。击发构件1760的主体部分1762还包括设置在朝远侧突出的底部部分1771和朝远侧突出的顶部鼻部部分1773之间的组织切割边缘或特征部1766。
在例示的示例中，仓体1111可操作地在其中支撑多个钉驱动器，所述钉驱动器在居中设置的狭槽1114的每侧上成排对齐。图33A至图33C示出了缝钉驱动器1170的一个示例，该缝钉驱动器可用于支撑外科钉仓的一侧上的缝钉。位于居中设置的狭槽1114的相对侧的驱动器可包括驱动器1170的镜像。也可以有效地采用其他缝钉驱动器构型。如图33A至图33C所示，缝钉驱动器1700的一种形式包括缝钉驱动器主体1172。驱动器主体1172包括被构造成能够在其上支撑缝钉(未示出)的第一或最内缝钉支撑部分1174。第二或中央缝钉支撑部分1176被构造成能够在其上支撑另一个缝钉(未示出)，以及第三支撑部分1870，该第三支撑部分被构造成能够在其上支撑第三缝钉(未示出)。第一钉支撑部分1174、第二钉支撑部分1176和第三钉支撑部分1178都通过连接器部分1180联接在一起。在至少一种布置中，连接器部分1180形成有居中设置的开口或开孔1182，该居中设置的开口或开孔被构造成能够可滑动地接纳形成在仓体中的对应的第一驱动器引导件(未示出)。连接器部分1180包括具有形成于其上的第一凸起表面或斜面1186的第一凸轮部分1184。连接器部分1180还包括具有形成于其上的第二凸起表面1190的第二凸轮部分1188。凸起表面1186、1190具有相同的斜率或角度或它们可以具有不同的斜率/角度。在至少一个实施方案中，每个缝钉驱动器1170都由例如
一体地形成或模制而成，而无填充物。然而，也可使用其它材料，例如，例如具有玻璃或矿物填充物的
或者尼龙或具有玻璃锉的尼龙。在其他布置中，钉驱动器1170的各个部分可以与其他材料分开制造并且通过粘合剂、焊料等附接在一起。关于缝钉驱动器1170以及可以有效地与本文公开的各种实施方案一起使用的其他驱动器实施方案的进一步细节可见于2015年9月2日提交的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLECONFIGURATIONS WITH CAMMING SURFACES LOCATED BETWEEN PORTIONS SUPPORTINGSURGICAL STAPLES”的美国专利申请序列号14/843,243，其全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文。
接下来转向图33、图36和图37，击发构件1760被构造成能够可操作地与滑动件或凸轮组件1120连接，滑动组件可操作地支撑在外科钉仓1110的主体1111内。滑动组件1120在外科钉仓主体1111内可滑动地从邻近仓体1111的近侧端部1112的近侧起始位置移动到邻近仓体1111的远侧端部1113的终止位置。参见图4。居中设置的狭槽1114使击发构件1760能够从中通过，并切割夹在砧座1130和钉仓1110之间的组织。驱动器1170与对应的凹坑1116相关联，凹坑穿过仓体1111的上平台表面1115。滑动件组件1120包括多个倾斜或楔形凸轮1122，其中每个凸轮1122对应于位于狭槽1114的每一侧上的对应驱动器1170上的特定凸起表面1186,1190。当击发构件1760被击发或向远侧驱动时，击发构件1760也将滑动组件1120朝远侧驱动。当击发构件1760朝远侧移动经过仓1110时，组织切割特征部1766切割被夹持在砧座组件1130和仓1110之间的组织，并且滑动组件1120在仓中向上驱动驱动器1170，该驱动器驱动对应的钉或紧固件与砧座组件1130形成接触。在例示的示例中，击发构件1762的主体部分1760被构造成能够与滑动组件1120的远侧端部接合。具体地讲，在至少一个示例中，如图33所示，主体部分1762的远侧端部被取向成仅接触滑动件1120的中心部分的近侧端部。在其他击发构件布置中，击发构件主体1762可被独特地成形或被构造成能够与容纳在对应仓组件内的滑动组件的对应端部可操作地啮合、配合或可操作地交接，使得如果使用者无意地将错误的仓装载到细长通道中并且随后尝试击发仓，则击发构件和滑动件将不会正确地交接来实现其远侧推进。
在击发构件包括组织切割表面的那些实施方案中，理想的是细长轴组件可按这样的方式进行构造：除非未用完的钉仓被正确地支撑在外科端部执行器1100的细长通道1102中，否则防止击发构件意外推进。例如，如果根本不存在钉仓并且击发构件向远侧被推进穿过端部执行器，则组织将被切断，但是没有被钉住。类似地，如果在端部执行器中存在用完的钉仓(即，其中至少一些钉已经从其中击发的钉仓)，并且击发构件被推进，则组织将被切断，但可能不完全被钉住。应当理解，这种情况外科手术过程中可能导致不希望的灾难性结果。名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING A SPENT CARTRIDGE LOCKOUT”的美国专利6,988,649，名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING A SINGLE LOCKOUTMECHANISM FOR PREVENTION OF FIRING”的美国专利7,044,352，名称为“SURGICALSTAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING A SINGLE LOCKOUT MECHANISM FOR PREVENTION OFFIRING”的美国专利7,380,695，以及名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITHLOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR PREVENTING FIRING SYSTEM ACTUATION WHEN A CARTRIDGEIS SPENT OR MISSING”的美国专利申请序列号14/742,933各自公开了各种击发构件闭锁布置。这些美国专利中的每一者均以引用方式全文并入本文中。
“未击发”、“未用过”、“新鲜”或“新”的仓1110在本文中表示仓1110使其所有紧固件处于其“准备好发射”位置。当处于该位置时，滑动组件1120位于其起始位置。新的仓1110安置于细长通道1102内并且可以由仓体上的按扣特征部保持在其中，该按扣特征部被构造成能够保持接合细长通道1102的对应部分。图36示出了外科端部执行器1100的一部分，其中新的或未击发的外科钉仓1110安置在其中。如在图36中可见，滑动组件1120处于起始位置。为了防止击发系统被激活，并且更精确地讲，为了防止击发构件1760朝远侧驱动穿过端部执行器1110，除非未击发的或新的外科钉仓已正确地安置在细长通道1102内，否则所例示的可互换外科工具组件1000采用通常命名为1790的击发构件锁定系统。
现在参见图33至图37，在一种形式中，击发构件闭锁系统1790包括可移动锁定构件1792，其被构造成能够当未用过的外科钉仓1110未正确地安置在细长通道1102内时保持接合击发构件1760。锁定构件1792包括一对侧向弹簧臂1793，这对侧向弹簧臂由中央安装突片特征部1794互连。中心安装接片特征部1794具有形成于其中的安装钩1795，该安装钩被构造成能够钩住砧座安装组件1238中的保持销1230，如图35至图37所示。当安装时，安装接片1794被构造成能够向上偏置锁定构件1792。此外，锁定构件1792包括两个侧向砧座弹簧臂1796，其向上倾斜以接合砧座安装部分1134上的对应砧座安装壁1136的底表面，以在砧座1130闭合时将锁定构件1792向下偏置。击发构件对齐突出部1797从侧向弹簧臂1793中的每一个向上延伸，以保持击发构件1760和锁定构件1792之间的对齐。如图33最特别地示出，每个横向弹簧臂1793的远侧部分包括横向延伸的前臂1798，该横向延伸的前臂终止于滑动接片1799中，该滑动接片对应于形成在滑动件1120上的最外侧楔形凸轮1122上的滑动凸台1124。侧向弹簧臂1793中的每一个包括其中的锁定凹口1850，该锁定凹口被构造成能够锁定地接合其中的中心锁定凸耳1780中的对应的一个。本领域的普通技术人员将理解，在不同钉仓布置的滑动件中可采用不同数量和布置的滑动凸台。滑动凸台的数量和布置可被构造成能够仅与旨在使用钉仓的适当器械的锁定构件的对应滑动接片相互作用。因此，滑动凸台可起到“键”的作用，以仅致动适当装置的锁定构件。因此，当错误的外科钉仓被装入细长通道时，这种布置可防止使用者致动该装置。
图35示出端部执行器1100，其中砧座1130和细长通道1102处于其完全打开的位置，而其中没有安装有外科钉仓。如图35所示，砧座弹簧臂1796与安装壁1136的下侧接触，但它们没有“装载”。这种位置使得外科钉仓1110能够被安置到细长通道1102中。如果要在处于该位置时闭合砧座1130，则砧座弹簧臂1796将向下偏置弹簧臂1793，以使中心凸耳1780锁定地接纳在弹簧臂1850中的对应锁定凹口1793内。当处于该位置时，击发构件1760无法朝远侧推进。图36示出当砧座1130处于完全闭合位置时，适当地安置在细长通道1102内的新的外科钉仓1110。如在图36中可见，滑动件1120处于其起始位置。当处于该位置时，滑动凸台1124接合滑动接片1799并将弹簧臂1793向上偏置到其中锁定凹口1850不接合中心接片1780的位置。因此，击发构件1760可以自由地向远侧推进。图37示出击发构件1760在从其起始位置朝远侧推进之后的位置。如图37所示，击发构件1760位于锁定弹簧的远侧并且与锁定弹簧脱离接合。砧座弹簧臂1796已将锁定构件向下偏置到解锁位置。
图38和图39示出击发构件1760和锁定构件1792在击发构件1760初始在近侧方向上回缩之后的位置。在例示的布置中，中心锁定凸耳1780中的每一个包括倒角近端部分1782。参见图30和图31。当击发构件1760回缩至图38和图39所示的位置时，中心锁定凸耳1782的倒角近侧端部1780接触锁定构件1798的对应向前臂1792并将弹簧臂侧向向外偏置(图39中的箭头L)。图40和图41示出击发构件1760和锁定构件1792在击发构件1760已完全回缩回其起始位置之后的位置。当处于该位置时，中心锁定凸耳1780中的每一个被锁定地接纳在对应弹簧臂1850中的锁定凹口1793内。当处于该位置时，击发构件1760无法朝远侧推进。
图42示出另选的锁定构件1792'。在该实施方案中，安装接片1794向下偏置锁定构件1792'而不使用砧座弹簧臂。因此，在砧座1780和细长钳口1793打开以及外科钉仓1130在其中负载的期间，中心锁定凸耳1102保持与弹簧臂1110的锁定接合。
如上所讨论，仓体1111具有多个砧座凹坑1116，这些砧座凹坑在中心狭槽1114的两侧串行布置。容纳在这些凹坑1116内的是钉驱动器，钉驱动器可操作地将一个或多个外科钉或紧固件支撑在其上。当目标组织被夹在砧座1130和钉仓平台表面1115之间时，必须将目标组织定位成使得被切断的组织被钉在切割线的每一侧上。为了避免目标组织定位在最近侧钉或紧固件的近侧，砧座通常包含向下延伸的壁，通常被称为“组织止挡件”，其用于阻止目标组织在砧座和钉仓之间变得过于靠近。当砧座朝仓闭合时，组织止挡件向下延伸经过仓平台表面，以防止组织被定位在砧座和仓之间过远的近侧。在本文所述的端部执行器实施方案中的至少一个中，砧座1130和细长通道1102两者均可围绕枢转钳口轴线JA运动。这种布置可允许砧座1130和细长通道1102比其他端部执行器布置进一步打开，其中砧座或细长通道中的仅一者可移动或枢转。换句话讲，当砧座1132和细长通道1115均处于其相应的完全打开位置时，砧座主体1110的下表面与安置在本文所述的端部执行器1102的细长通道1110中的钉仓1130的仓平台表面1102之间的距离通常大于砧座的下侧和安置在端部执行器的细长通道中的仓的平台表面之间的距离，其中砧座和通道中的仅一者相对于另一者移动。因此，端部执行器1100的至少一种形式被构造成能够采用具有至少一个“活动”组织止挡件或“可扩展”组织止挡件的钉仓装置。在所例示的布置中，采用通常标记为1250的两个活动组织止挡件。
现在转到图45、图47和图48，如上所述，钉仓主体1111包括位于细长狭槽1114的每侧上的多个钉仓1116，所示多个钉仓被构造成能够在击发构件1760朝远侧推进穿过钉仓时容纳该击发构件。根据钉凹坑1116的构型数目和布置，一个或多个钉驱动器构型可被可操作地支撑在其中，所述一个或多个钉驱动器构型各自支撑其上的一个或多个外科缝钉。位于仓体的近侧端部处的一些凹坑可不包含驱动器和钉。例如，在所例示的布置中，钉凹坑1116包含驱动器(未示出)和钉(未示出)。支撑驱动器和钉的最近侧凹坑被标记为1116P。虽然有附加的“未使用”凹坑(标记为1117)，但这些凹坑中没有一个包含驱动器和钉。在所例示的布置中，细长狭槽1114的两侧上与最近侧凹坑1116P相对的所有钉凹坑1116均包含驱动器和外科钉。因此，活动组织止挡件1250被构造成能够防止组织在靠近近侧钉凹坑1116P的位置处被夹持在砧座1130和钉仓1110之间，以防止组织在没有首先被缝合的情况下被切割。
在一种布置中，单独的和/或与细长通道1102组合的外科钉仓1110在本文中可以称为“第一钳口”，并且砧座1130可以称为“第二钳口”。钉仓1110的近侧端部1112可以被称为“第一近侧端部”或第一钳口的近侧端部。平台表面1115可被称为“第一钳口表面”。在所例示的布置中，砧座主体1132包括钉成形下表面1135，该钉成形下表面面向仓平台并用于在钉被驱动成与其接触时形成钉。钉成形下表面1135(图3)在本文中也可称为“第二钳口表面”。
在例示的布置中，活动组织止挡件1250可操作地附接到仓体1111。然而，可以设想其他布置，其中活动组织止挡件附接到细长通道1102的部分。
转到图45，在至少一个布置中，采用两个活动或可扩展的组织止挡件1250-在细长狭槽1114的每一侧上的一个组织止挡件。如图47所示，活动组织止挡件1250包括分叉的下部组织止挡部分1260，其包括两个凸轮壁1262，这两个凸轮壁由空间1264分开并通过连接器1265互连。上部组织止挡部分1264可移动地支撑在空间1270内。如图45所示，止挡桥接部1266设置在壁1260的远侧端部的上部之间。止挡桥接部1266与形成在上部组织止挡部分1270上的止挡接片1272配合，以防止上部组织止挡部分1270完全延伸出空间1264。安装孔1267穿过壁1260提供，以使得下部组织止挡部分1260能够枢转地轴颈连接在从仓体1118的侧面1113侧向突出的对应的止挡销1111上。如图45所示，上部止挡件1270中的每一个包括弹簧安装孔1274，该弹簧安装孔被构造成能够在其中容纳偏置构件或止动弹簧1282的腿部1280。参见图46。
上部组织阻挡部分1270可滑动地容纳在对应的下部组织阻挡部分1264的空间1260内，以产生活动的或可扩展的组织止挡件1250。上部组织止挡部分1260和下部组织止挡部分1270以及对应的偏置构件或止挡弹簧1280可枢转地轴颈连接在对应的止挡销1118上。每个活动组织止挡组件1250围绕由止挡销1118限定的组织止挡轴线TSA自由枢转。如图45所示，组织止挡轴线TSA横向于仓体1114中的细长狭槽1111。止挡弹簧1280的第二腿部1284支承在仓体1111的对应的凸缘或部分1119上，使得当轴颈连接在止挡销1118上时，止动弹簧1280用于在空间1264内向上偏压上部组织止挡部分1270，直到止挡接片1272包含止挡桥接部1266。此时，偏置构件或止挡弹簧1280用于使整个活动组织止挡组件1250围绕组织止挡轴线TSA向上偏置，直到上部组织止挡部分1270接触形成在仓体1111上的对应的止挡凸缘1121。
因此，在所例示的布置中，每个活动组织止挡组件1250附接到仓体1110的对应的侧面1113。如图45所示，细长通道1102的每个侧壁1126具有形成在其中的组织止挡凹口1128，以在钳口1130、1110处于其完全闭合位置时在其中接纳活动组织止挡组件1250。图49示出砧座1130和细长通道1110和钉仓1102处于其“完全闭合”位置。当砧座1250和细长通道1130或外科仓1102处于其完全闭合位置时，活动组织止挡组件1110的取向可被称为它们的“完全压缩”取向。在某些实施方案中，砧座组件1130还可具有形成在其上的固定组织止挡件1144，该固定组织止挡件位于活动组织止挡组件1250的近侧。参见图43和图44。图47和图50示出当砧座1250和细长通道1130处于其相应的完全打开位置时活动组织止挡组件1102的取向。当砧座1250和细长通道1130或外科仓1102处于其完全打开位置时，活动组织止挡组件1110的取向可被称为它们的“完全展开”或“完全扩展”取向。当处于其完全展开位置时，活动组织止挡件1250用于防止组织显著朝近侧推进经过最近侧钉凹坑1116P。图49示出砧座1102和细长通道1130在它们各自的完全闭合位置在它们之间夹持组织。在将组织止挡组件安装在细长通道1102内之前，组织止挡组件可通过可拆卸的钉盖保持在图49所示的折叠取向，该可拆卸的钉盖可拆卸地连接到钉仓平台上。一旦将仓安装在细长通道中，就可以从钉仓中移除钉盖。
图51至图53示出另一种组织止挡装置，其包括在砧座上的配合组织止挡件以及仓。例如，在图51至图53所示的实施方案中，一对直立的仓组织止挡件1290从仓平台表面1115向上延伸。当砧座1130和细长通道1102处于其完全闭合位置时，仓组织止挡件1292的上端1290延伸到设置在砧座主体1293中的孔或腔1132中。仓组织止动件1290的上端1292成角度，使得当砧座1130和细长通道1102完全闭合时，上端1292不突出超过砧座主体1132的外表面。参见图53。此外，砧座1130包括向下延伸的远侧组织止挡件1296，当砧座1115和细长通道1130处于其完全闭合位置时不延伸到仓平台表面1102下方，以及一对近侧组织止动件1298，当砧座1130和细长通道1102处于其完全闭合位置时，所述一对近侧组织止动件向下延伸到仓1110的平台表面1115下方。参见图53。在另选的布置中，弹性带可围绕钳口的外部放置，使得带的远侧边缘位于组织止挡件的所需位置处。当钳口打开时，带可拉伸，但用作组织止挡件。带可放置在砧座中的凹槽中以及围绕砧座/通道的细长通道中，使得端部执行器可穿过标准套管针布置。
本文所述的许多外科器械系统由电动马达促动；但是本文所述的外科器械系统可以任何合适的方式促动。在各种实例中，例如，本文所述的外科器械系统可由手动操作的触发器促动。在某些实例中，本文公开的马达可包括机器人控制系统的一部分或多个部分。此外，本文公开的任何端部执行器和/或工具组件可与机器人外科器械系统一起使用。名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/118,241(现为美国专利申请公布2012/0298719)更详细地公开了机器人外科器械系统的若干示例。
已结合钉的部署和变形描述了本文所述的外科器械系统；然而，本文所述的实施方案不限于此。例如，设想了部署除钉之外的紧固件诸如夹具或大头钉的各种实施方案。此外，还设想了利用用于密封组织的任何合适装置的各种实施方案。例如，根据各种实施方案的端部执行器可包括被构造成能够加热和密封组织的电极。另外，例如，根据某些实施方案的端部执行器可施加振动能量来密封组织。
实施例
实施例1-一种与控制系统一起使用的外科工具组件，所述控制系统包括闭合致动器，该闭合致动器被构造成能够在被致动时移动第一轴向闭合距离。该控制系统还包括击发致动器。外科工具组件包括轴组件，该轴组件被构造成能够与控制系统可释放地交接。工具组件还包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动。外科端部执行器可操作地联接到轴组件以用于相对其的选择性铰接。击发构件组件与击发致动器可操作地交接，使得击发致动器的操作朝远侧推进击发构件组件。关节运动构件与外科端部执行器交接并且能够以接合构型和脱离构型与击发构件组件选择性地接合，其中在接合构型中，击发构件组件的移动使得关节运动构件使外科端部执行器相对于轴组件进行关节运动，其中在脱离构型中，击发构件组件可移动而不移动关节运动构件。闭合组件与第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者可操作地交接，并且被构造成能够将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。离合器组件与闭合致动器和闭合组件可操作地交接，使得当闭合致动器轴向推进穿过第一轴向闭合距离时，离合器组件使击发构件组件和关节运动构件从接合位置移动到脱离位置，并且闭合组件轴向移动通过小于第一轴向闭合距离的第二轴向闭合距离，从而使闭合组件将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。
实施例2-根据实施例1所述的外科工具组件，其中所述离合器组件包括与关节运动构件、击发构件组件和闭合组件可操作地交接的旋转锁定组件。该旋转锁定组件可在接合构型和脱离构型之间旋转，使得闭合致动器穿过第一轴向闭合距离的移动使得闭合组件的一部分将旋转锁定组件从接合构型旋转至脱离构型。
实施例3-根据实施例2所述的外科工具组件，其中所述闭合组件的部分包括近侧闭合构件，该近侧闭合构件被构造成能够与闭合致动器可释放地交接，以一同轴向移动经过第一轴向闭合距离，并且其中离合器组件包括闭合行程减少组件，该闭合行程减少组件与近侧闭合构件可操作地交接，使得当近侧闭合构件移动第一轴向闭合距离时，闭合行程减少组件使闭合组件的远端部分轴向移动第二轴向闭合距离，从而将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。
实施例4-根据实施例3所述的外科工具组件，其中所述离合器组件还包括凸轮组件，该凸轮组件与近侧闭合构件和旋转锁定组件可操作地交接，使得当近侧闭合构件从对应于完全打开位置的起始位置朝远侧移动通过第一轴向闭合距离到达对应于完全闭合位置的结束位置时，凸轮组件将旋转锁定组件从接合位置旋转到脱离位置，并且当近侧闭合构件从结束位置在近侧方向移动到起始位置时，凸轮组件将旋转锁定组件旋转到接合位置。
实施例5-根据实施例1、2、3或4所述的外科工具组件，其中所述控制系统包括柄部和闭合触发器组件，所述闭合触发器组件可操作地支撑在柄部上并且可在未致动位置和完全致动位置之间选择性地移动。闭合触发器与闭合致动器可操作地交接，使得闭合触发器移动至完全致动位置使得闭合致动器将关节运动构件从接合构型移动到脱离构型。
实施例6-根据实施例5所述的外科工具组件，还包括马达，该马达与击发致动器可操作地交接，使得该马达在旋转方向上的操作使得击发致动器朝远侧移动击发构件组件，并且当该马达在旋转方向移动时，击发致动器朝近侧移动击发构件组件。击发触发器组件可操作地支撑在柄部上，并且被构造成能够在第一旋转方向和第二旋转方向上选择性地旋转马达。
实施例7-根据实施例1、2、3、4、5或6所述的外科工具组件，其中第一钳口和第二钳口相对于彼此安装，以便围绕固定的钳口轴线选择性地枢转行进。
实施例8-根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的外科工具组件，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例9-根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8所述的外科工具组件，其中所述击发构件组件包括近侧击发构件。远侧击发构件与近侧击发构件可滑动地交接。端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到远侧击发构件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓击发出来，当击发构件组件朝远侧移动预先确定的击发距离时，外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例10-一种外科器械，包括控制单元和闭合驱动系统，该控制单元包括被构造成能够产生击发和回缩运动的击发驱动系统，该闭合驱动系统被构造成能够在闭合致动器致动时使闭合致动器移动第一轴向闭合距离。外科器械还包括可互换的外科工具组件，该可互换的外科工具组件包括与控制单元可操作地交接的轴组件。外科器械还包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此连接以在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。外科端部执行器可操作地联接到轴组件以用于相对其的选择性铰接。击发构件组件与击发驱动系统可操作地交接，其中击发系统的操作朝远侧推进击发构件组件。关节运动构件与外科端部执行器交接并且能够以接合构型和脱离构型与击发构件组件选择性地接合，其中在接合构型中，击发构件组件的移动使得关节运动构件使外科端部执行器相对于轴组件进行关节运动，其中在脱离构型中，其中击发构件组件可移动而不移动关节运动构件。外科器械还包括闭合组件，该闭合组件包括与闭合致动器可操作地交接的近侧闭合组件。远侧闭合部分与近侧闭合组件可操作地交接，使得当近侧闭合组件轴向推进穿过轴向闭合距离时，远侧闭合部分被轴向推进小于第一轴向闭合距离的第二轴向闭合距离，并且将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。离合器组件与击发构件组件、关节运动构件和近侧闭合组件可操作地交接，使得当近侧闭合组件轴向推进第一轴向闭合距离时，离合器组件使击发构件组件和关节运动构件从接合位置移动到脱离位置。
实施例11—根据实施例10所述的外科器械，其中所述近侧闭合组件的第一轴向闭合距离的移动使得离合器组件将关节运动构件和击发构件可旋转地移动到脱离构型。
实施例12-根据实施例10或11所述的外科器械，其中所述离合器组件包括旋转锁定组件，该旋转锁定组件与关节运动构件和击发构件组件可操作地交接并且可在接合构型和脱离构型之间旋转。离合器组件还包括凸轮组件，该凸轮组件与近侧闭合组件和旋转锁定组件可操作地交接，使得当近侧闭合组件从对应于完全打开位置的起始位置朝远侧移动通过第一轴向闭合距离到达对应于完全闭合位置的结束位置时，凸轮组件将旋转锁定组件从接合构型旋转到脱离构型，并且当近侧闭合组件从结束位置在近侧方向移动到起始位置时，凸轮组件将旋转锁定组件旋转到接合构型。
实施例13-根据实施例10、11或12所述的外科器械，其中所述控制单元包括柄部和闭合触发器组件，所述闭合触发器组件可操作地支撑在柄部上并且可在未致动位置和完全致动位置之间选择性地移动。闭合触发器组件还与闭合致动器可操作地交接，使得闭合触发器移动至完全致动位置使得闭合致动器将关节运动构件从接合构型移动到脱离构型。
实施例14-根据实施例13所述的外科器械，其中所述击发驱动系统包括马达和击发致动器组件，该击发致动器组件与马达可操作地交接使得马达在第一旋转方向上的操作使得击发致动器组件将击发构件朝向端部执行器移动，并且当马达在第二旋转方向上运动时，击发端部执行器使击发构件远离端部执行器移动。击发驱动系统还包括击发触发器组件，该击发触发器组件被可操作地支撑在柄部上，并且可在马达未致动的第一位置和马达在第一旋转方向上操作的完全致动的位置之间选择性地移动。
实施例15-根据实施例10、11、12、13或14所述的外科器械，其中第一钳口和第二钳口相对于彼此安装，以便围绕固定的钳口轴线选择性地枢转行进。
实施例16-实施例11、12、13、14或15的外科器械，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例17-根据实施例16所述的外科器械，其中所述外科端部执行器包括可操作地联接到所述端部执行器击发构件的端部执行器击发构件。端部执行器击发构件被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓击发出来，当击发构件朝外科端部执行器移动时，外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例18-一种外科工具组件，包括轴组件和外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动。外科端部执行器可操作地联接到轴组件以用于相对其的选择性铰接。击发构件组件被构造成能够响应于施加到其上的击发运动而朝远侧运动。关节运动系统与端部执行器交接并且可以接合构型和脱离构型与击发构件组件选择性地接合，其中在接合构型中，击发构件组件的致动使得关节运动系统使端部执行器相对于轴组件进行关节运动，其中在脱离构型中，击发构件组件可致动而不致动关节运动系统。闭合系统被构造成能够接收包括第一轴向闭合行程距离的轴向闭合输入，并且由此产生第二轴向闭合输出，该第二轴向闭合输出包括小于第一轴向闭合行程距离的第二轴向闭合行程距离，并且被构造成能够将第二轴向闭合输出施加到第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者，以将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。外科工具组件还包括离合器装置，该离合器装置用于在将轴向闭合输入施加到闭合系统上时自动地将关节运动系统和击发构件组件从接合构型移动到脱离构型。
实施例19-根据实施例18所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例20-根据实施例19所述的外科工具组件，其中所述外科端部执行器包括端部执行器击发构件，该端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到击发构件组件，并且该端部执行器击发构件被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓中击发出来，当端部执行器击发构件朝远侧移动时，该外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例21-一种外科工具组件，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以在对其施加闭合和打开运动时相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动。近侧闭合构件被构造成能够在向其施加闭合输入运动时移动通过第一闭合行程距离。远侧闭合构件与外科端部执行器可操作地交接。外科工具组件还包括闭合行程减少组件，该闭合行程减少组件包括与近侧闭合构件和远侧闭合构件可操作地交接的闭合减小连杆，使得当近侧闭合构件移动经过第一闭合行程距离时，闭合减小连杆使远侧闭合构件轴向移动经过小于第一闭合行程距离的第二闭合行程距离，从而将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。
实施例22-根据实施例21所述的外科工具组件，其中所述外科端部执行器联接到轴组件，该轴组件包括轴安装部分，该轴安装部分被构造成能够与闭合输入运动的源可操作地接合。脊组件可操作地联接到外科端部执行器和轴安装部分。脊组件在其上可移动地支撑近侧闭合构件和远侧闭合构件。
实施例23-根据实施例22所述的外科工具组件，其中所述闭合减小连杆可操作地联接到脊组件的一部分和可移动地支撑以相对于近侧闭合构件轴向行进的安装构件。闭合减小连杆还与近侧闭合构件连通，使得近侧闭合构件在整个第一闭合行程距离内的移动将闭合减小连杆从塌缩构型移动到伸展构型。安装构件联接到中间闭合构件，该中间闭合构件可操作地联接到远侧闭合构件。
实施例24-根据实施例23所述的外科工具组件，其中所述近侧闭合构件包括近侧闭合管，该近端闭合管被轴向支撑在脊组件的一部分上，用于在其上选择性地轴向行进整个第一闭合行程距离。闭合减小连杆包括可移动地联接到脊组件的该部分的近侧闭合联接件。远侧闭合联接件可移动地联接到安装构件，并且通过与近侧闭合管可操作地交接的致动器构件枢转地联接到近侧闭合联接件。
实施例25-根据实施例24所述的外科工具组件，其中所述致动器构件包括被可移动地接纳在近侧闭合管中的致动器凸轮狭槽内的致动器销。
实施例26-根据实施例22、23、24或25所述的外科工具组件，其中所述外科端部执行器通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件。
实施例27-根据实施例26所述的外科工具组件，其中所述轴组件包括关节运动系统，该关节运动系统被构造成能够将关节运动动作施加到外科端部执行器和击发构件组件，该击发构件组件被构造成能够使击发构件轴向推进穿过外科端部执行器。
实施例28-根据实施例27所述的外科工具组件，其中所述关节运动系统可以接合构型和脱离构型与击发构件组件选择性地接合，其中在接合构型中，击发构件组件的移动使得关节运动系统使外科端部执行器相对于轴组件进行关节运动，其中在脱离构型中，击发构件组件可在不移动关节运动系统的情况下移动，并且其中近侧闭合构件在整个第一闭合行程距离上的移动将关节运动系统和击发构件组件移动到脱离构型。
实施例29-根据实施例21、22、23、24、25、26、27或28所述的外科工具组件，其中第一钳口和第二钳口相对于彼此安装，以便围绕固定的钳口轴线选择性地枢转行进。
实施例30-根据实施例21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28或29所述的外科工具组件，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例31-根据实施例30所述的外科工具组件，其中所述击发构件组件包括近侧击发构件和与该近侧击发构件可滑动地交接的远侧击发构件。端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到远侧击发构件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓击发出来，当击发构件组件朝远侧移动预先确定的击发距离时，外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例32-一种外科工具组件，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以在对其施加闭合和打开运动时相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动。外科工具组件还包括联接到外科端部执行器的轴组件。轴组件包括近侧闭合构件，该近侧闭合构件被构造成能够在向其施加闭合输入运动时移动通过第一闭合行程距离。远侧闭合构件与外科端部执行器可操作地交接，并且闭合行程减少组件可移动地联接到近侧闭合构件和联接到远侧闭合构件的中间闭合构件，使得当近侧闭合构件移动经过第一闭合行程距离时，该闭合行程减少组件使中间闭合构件和远侧闭合构件轴向移动小于第一闭合行程距离的第二闭合行程距离，使得远侧闭合构件将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置。
实施例33-根据实施例32所述的外科工具组件，其中所述轴组件包括轴安装部分，该轴安装部分被构造成能够与闭合输入运动的源可操作地接合。脊组件可操作地联接到外科端部执行器和轴安装部分。脊组件在其上可移动地支撑近侧闭合构件、中间闭合构件和远侧闭合构件。
实施例34-根据实施例32或33所述的外科工具组件，其中所述外科端部执行器通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件。
实施例35-根据实施例34所述的外科工具组件，其中所述轴组件包括关节运动系统，该关节运动系统被构造成能够将关节运动动作施加到外科端部执行器和击发构件组件，该击发构件组件被构造成能够使击发构件轴向推进穿过外科端部执行器。
实施例36-根据实施例35所述的外科工具组件，其中所述关节运动系统可以接合构型和脱离构型与击发构件组件选择性地接合，其中在接合构型中，击发构件组件的移动使得关节运动系统使外科端部执行器相对于轴组件进行关节运动，其中在脱离构型中，击发构件组件可在不移动关节运动系统的情况下移动，并且其中近侧闭合构件在整个第一轴向闭合行程距离上的移动将关节运动系统和击发构件组件移动到脱离构型。
实施例37-根据实施例32、33、34、35或36所述的外科工具组件，其中所述第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例38-根据实施例37所述的外科工具组件，其中所述击发构件组件包括近侧击发构件、与近侧击发构件可滑动地交接的远侧击发构件，以及可操作地联接到远侧击发构件并且被构造成能够在击发构件组件朝远侧移动预先确定的击发距离时切断组织并且将钉从可操作地支撑在细长通道中的外科钉仓中射出的端部执行器击发构件。
实施例39-一种外科工具组件，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以在对其施加闭合和打开运动时围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。轴组件联接到外科端部执行器。轴组件包括近侧闭合构件，该近侧闭合构件被构造成能够在向其施加闭合输入运动时移动通过第一轴向闭合行程距离。远侧闭合构件与外科端部执行器可操作地交接。外科工具组件还包括与近侧闭合构件可移动地交接的闭合行程减小装置，使得当近侧闭合构件移动经过第一轴向闭合行程距离时，闭合行程减小装置从未致动构型移动至致动构型，从而使远侧闭合构件轴向移动小于第一轴向闭合行程距离的第二轴向闭合行程距离，使得远侧闭合构件将第一钳口和第二钳口中的至少一者从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置。
实施例40-一种外科器械，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。轴组件可操作地与外科端部执行器接合，并且包括闭合构件，该闭合构件被构造成能够当闭合构件在第一方向移动时将第一钳口和第二钳口从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置。外科器械还包括被支撑以相对于闭合构件以及第一钳口和第二钳口移动的至少一个钳口开口凸轮。所述至少一个钳口开口凸轮中的每一者被构造成能够当闭合构件在第二方向移动时向第一钳口和第二钳口施加打开运动。
实施例41-根据实施例40所述的外科器械，其中所述至少一个钳口开口凸轮中的每一者可移动地联接到闭合构件。
实施例42-根据实施例40或41所述的外科器械，其中所述至少一个钳口开口凸轮中的每一者通过拉伸弹簧可移动地联接到闭合构件。
实施例43-根据实施例40、41或42所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括第一弧形凸起表面，该第一弧形凸起表面对应于至少一个钳口开口凸轮中的每一个，并且其中第二钳口包括第二弧形凸起表面，该第二弧形凸起表面对应于第一弧形凸起表面中的每一个并且在远离第一弧形凸起表面的方向上弯曲。
实施例44-根据实施例43所述的外科器械，其中所述至少一个钳口开口凸轮中的每一者具有楔形形状，该楔形形状被构造成能够同时接合对应的第一弧形凸起表面和第二弧形凸起表面。
实施例45-实施例40、41、42、43或44的外科器械，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例46-根据实施例40、41、42、43、44或45所述的外科器械，其中所述外科端部执行器通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件，以用于围绕横向于由轴组件限定的轴轴线的关节运动轴线进行选择性关节运动。
实施例47-根据实施例40、41、42、43、44、45或46所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括第一闭合凸起表面，并且其中所述第二钳口包括第二闭合凸起表面。第一闭合凸起表面和第二闭合凸起表面中的每一者被定位成当闭合构件在第一方向上移动而与闭合构件凸轮接触时，以将闭合运动施加到第一钳口和第二钳口。
实施例48-根据实施例45所述的外科器械，其中所述轴组件还包括击发构件组件，该击发构件组件被构造成能够在向其施加击发运动时在第一方向上轴向运动。端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到击发构件组件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓击发出来，当击发构件组件在第一方向上移动预先确定的击发距离时，外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例49-一种外科器械，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。轴组件可操作地与外科端部执行器接合，并且包括闭合构件，该闭合构件被构造成能够当闭合构件在第一方向移动时将第一钳口和第二钳口从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置。外科器械还包括第一楔形凸轮，该第一楔形凸轮通过第一可延伸联接器可移动地联接到闭合构件，以相对于该闭合构件移动。以及第二楔形凸轮，该第二楔形凸轮通过第二可延伸联接器可移动地联接到闭合构件，以相对于该闭合构件移动。第一楔形凸轮和第二楔形凸轮被构造成能够当闭合构件在第二方向上移动时向第一钳口和第二钳口施加打开运动。
实施例50-根据实施例49所述的外科缝合器械，其中第一楔形凸轮取向成在第一钳口上的第一弧形凸起表面和第二钳口上的第二弧形表面之间，并且其中第二楔形凸轮取向成在第一钳口上的另一个第一弧形凸起表面和第二钳口上的另一个第二弧形凸起表面之间。
实施例51-根据实施例49或50所述的外科器械，其中第一可延伸连接器包括第一拉伸弹簧，并且其中第二可延伸连接器包括第二拉伸弹簧。
实施例52-根据实施例49、50或51所述的外科器械，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例53-根据实施例49、50、51或52所述的外科器械，其中所述外科端部执行器通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件，以用于围绕横向于由轴组件限定的轴轴线的关节运动轴线进行选择性关节运动。
实施例54-根据实施例52所述的外科器械，其中所述轴组件还包括被构造成能够在向其施加击发运动时在第一方向上轴向移动的击发构件组件，以及端部执行器击发构件，该端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到击发构件组件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓中击发出去，当击发构件组件在第一方向上移动预先确定的击发距离时，该外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例55-根据实施例49、50、51、52、53或54所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括第一闭合凸起表面，并且其中所述第二钳口包括第二闭合凸起表面。第一闭合凸起表面和第二闭合凸起表面中的每一者被定位成当闭合构件在第一方向上移动而与闭合构件凸轮接触时，以将闭合运动施加到第一钳口和第二钳口。
实施例56-一种外科器械，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。轴组件可操作地与外科端部执行器接合，并且包括闭合构件，该闭合构件被构造成能够当闭合构件在第一方向移动时将第一钳口和第二钳口从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置。外科器械还包括支撑在第一钳口和第二钳口的对应部分之间的至少一个钳口开口凸轮以及用于将每个钳口开口凸轮移动地联接到闭合构件的装置，使得钳口开口凸轮中的每一者位于闭合构件的远侧。用于移动地联接的装置还在闭合构件在第二方向上移动时向钳口开口凸轮施加张力。
实施例57-根据实施例56所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括第一闭合凸起表面，并且其中所述第二钳口包括第二闭合凸起表面。第一闭合凸起表面和第二闭合凸起表面中的每一者被定位成当闭合构件在第一方向上移动而与闭合构件凸轮接触时，以将闭合运动施加到第一钳口和第二钳口。
实施例58-根据实施例56或57所述的外科器械，其中所述闭合构件在对应于完全打开位置的未致动位置和对应于完全闭合位置的完全致动位置之间轴向运动，并且其中当闭合构件处于未致动位置时，钳口开口凸轮中的每一者在闭合构件的远侧。
实施例59-根据实施例56、57或58所述的外科器械，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例60-一种外科器械，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和可枢转地联接到第一钳口的第二钳口，用于围绕被约束为仅沿竖直轴线移动的枢转轴线的选择性枢转行程，并且可相对于第一钳口在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性地运动。外科器械还包括闭合构件，该闭合构件被构造成能够当闭合构件在第一方向移动时将第一钳口和第二钳口从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置。
实施例61-根据实施例60所述的外科器械，其中所述闭合构件被构造成能够在闭合构件在第一方向移动时将枢转轴线从沿着与完全打开位置对应的竖直轴线的第一竖直位置移动到对应于完全闭合位置的第二竖直位置。
实施例62-根据实施例60或61所述的外科器械，其中所述闭合构件被构造成能够在闭合构件在第一方向上移动时将第二钳口围绕枢转轴线枢转至完全闭合位置。
实施例63-根据实施例60、61或62所述的外科器械，其中第二钳口包括一对枢轴销，该对枢轴销限定枢转轴线并且各自被可移动地接纳在形成于第一钳口中的对应竖直狭槽内，并且其中每个枢轴销与闭合构件可操作地接合。
实施例64-根据实施例63所述的外科器械，其中每个枢轴销也被接纳在闭合构件中的对应闭合狭槽中。
实施例65-根据实施例64所述的外科器械，其中每个闭合狭槽包括沿着第一水平轴线延伸的近侧狭槽部分和沿着与第一水平轴线偏移的第二水平轴线延伸的远侧狭槽部分。
实施例66-根据实施例65所述的外科器械，其中当第二钳口处于完全打开位置时，枢轴销位于第一钳口中的对应竖直狭槽内的第一竖直位置和闭合构件中的对应闭合狭槽的远侧狭槽部分中，并且其中当第二钳口处于完全闭合位置时，枢轴销位于第一钳口中的对应竖直狭槽和闭合构件中的近侧狭槽部分内的第二竖直位置。
实施例67-根据实施例60、61、62、63、64、65或66所述的外科器械，其中所述第一钳口包括第一闭合凸起表面，并且其中所述第二钳口包括第二闭合凸起表面。第一闭合凸起表面和第二闭合凸起表面中的每一者被定位成当闭合构件在第一方向上移动而与闭合构件凸轮接触时，以将闭合运动施加到第一钳口和第二钳口。
实施例68-实施例60、61、62、63、64、65、66、或67的外科器械，其中第一钳口包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够可移动地将外科钉仓支撑在其中，并且其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例69-根据实施例60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67或68所述的外科器械，其中关节运动系统包括轴组件的一部分，该轴组件可操作地联接到外科端部执行器。
实施例70-根据实施例60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67、68或69所述的外科器械，其中所述外科端部执行器通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件，以用于围绕横向于由轴组件限定的轴轴线的关节运动轴线进行选择性关节运动。
实施例71-根据实施例68所述的外科器械，其中所述轴组件还包括被构造成能够在向其施加击发运动时在第一方向上轴向移动的击发构件组件，以及端部执行器击发构件，该端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到击发构件组件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓中击发出去，当击发构件组件在第一方向上移动预先确定的击发距离时，该外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例72-一种外科器械，该外科器械包括被构造成能够在其中可操作地支撑外科钉仓的细长通道。外科器械还包括砧座，该砧座包括一对砧座销，该对砧座销被接纳在形成于细长通道中的对应通道狭槽内。每个通道狭槽沿着通道轴线延伸。闭合构件被构造成能够相对于细长通道和砧座在第一方向和第二方向上移动。每个砧座销延伸到闭合构件中的与通道狭槽横向的对应闭合狭槽中，使得当闭合构件在第一方向上移动时，砧座销沿着通道轴线移动，并且砧座同时朝向细长通道枢转。
实施例73-根据实施例72所述的外科器械，其中每个闭合狭槽包括近侧闭合狭槽部分，该近侧闭合狭槽部分沿着横向于对应通道轴线的第一闭合轴线延伸，并且包括远侧闭合狭槽部分，该远侧闭合狭槽部分沿着横向于通道轴线并且偏离第一闭合轴线的第二闭合轴线延伸。
实施例74-根据实施例72或73所述的外科器械，其中所述一对砧座销限定可沿着通道轴线选择性地移动的枢转轴线。
实施例75-根据实施例73或74所述的外科器械，其中每个通道轴线为竖直取向的并且每个闭合轴线为水平取向的并且彼此平行。
实施例76-根据实施例72、73、74或75所述的外科器械，其中关节运动系统包括轴组件的一部分，该轴组件可操作地联接到细长通道。
实施例77-根据实施例76所述的外科器械，其中细长通道通过关节运动接头联接到轴组件，以用于围绕横向于由轴组件限定的轴轴线的关节运动轴线进行选择性关节运动。
实施例78-根据实施例76或77所述的外科器械，其中所述轴组件还包括被构造成能够在向其施加击发运动时在第一方向上轴向移动的击发构件组件，以及端部执行器击发构件，该端部执行器击发构件可操作地联接到击发构件组件并且被构造成能够切断组织并且将钉从外科钉仓中击发出去，当击发构件组件在第一方向上移动预先确定的击发距离时，该外科钉仓可操作地支撑在细长通道中。
实施例79-一种外科器械，包括外科端部执行器，该外科端部执行器包括第一钳口和可枢转地联接到第一钳口的第二钳口，用于围绕被约束为仅沿竖直轴线移动的枢转轴线的选择性枢转行程，并且可相对于第一钳口在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性地运动。外科器械还包括闭合装置，该闭合装置用于在围绕枢转轴线枢转第二钳口时沿竖直轴线同时竖直地移动枢转轴线。
实施例80-一种外科器械，包括限定轴轴线的轴组件。外科端部执行器可操作地与轴组件接合，并且包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。击发构件被构造成能够相对于外科端部执行器在起始位置和结束位置之间移动。击发构件包括竖直延伸的击发主体，该击发主体包括两个侧面。第一钳口接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面侧向延伸。每个第一钳口接合构件沿着与轴轴线相交的第一钳口接合轴线取向，并且被布置成当击发构件在起始位置和结束位置之间移动时可滑动地接合第一钳口。第二钳口接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面侧向延伸并且与第一钳口接合构件竖直间隔开。每个第二钳口接合沿着与轴轴线和第一钳口接合轴线相交的第二钳口接合轴线取向。每个第二钳口接合构件被布置成在击发构件在起始位置和结束位置之间移动时可滑动地接合第二钳口。
实施例81-根据实施例80所述的外科器械，其中每个第一钳口接合构件包括第一近侧端部和第一远侧端部，并且其中第一近侧端部包括第一近侧厚度，并且其中第一远侧端部包括不同于第一近侧厚度的第一远侧厚度。
实施例82-根据实施例81所述的外科器械，其中第一近侧厚度小于第一远侧厚度。
实施例83-根据实施例81所述的外科器械，其中每个第二钳口接合构件包括第二近侧端部和第二远侧端部，并且其中第二近侧端部具有第二近侧厚度，并且其中第二远侧端部具有不同于第二近侧厚度的第二远侧厚度。
实施例84-根据实施例83所述的外科器械，其中第二近侧厚度小于第二远侧厚度。
实施例85-根据实施例83或84所述的外科器械，其中每个第一钳口接合构件的近侧端部被取向成与第二钳口接合构件中的对应的一个的近侧端部相距近侧竖直距离，并且其中每个第一钳口接合构件的远侧端部被取向成与第二钳口接合构件中的对应一个的远侧端部距远侧竖直距离，其中近侧竖直距离不同于远侧竖直距离。
实施例86-根据实施例85所述的外科器械，其中近侧竖直距离小于远侧竖直距离。
实施例87-根据实施例80、81、82、83、84、85或86所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括从击发主体的每个侧面延伸的中心第一钳口接合构件。
实施例88-根据实施例80、81、82、83、84、85、86或87所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括组织切割表面。
实施例89：一种外科器械，包括限定轴轴线的轴组件。外科端部执行器可操作地与轴组件接合并且包括细长通道，该细长通道被构造成能够在其中可操作地支撑外科钉仓和砧座，其中砧座和细长通道被构造成能够可相对于彼此围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此可移动地行进。击发构件被构造成能够相对于外科端部执行器在起始位置和结束位置之间移动。击发构件包括竖直延伸的击发主体，该击发主体包括两个侧面。通道接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面侧向延伸。每个通道接合构件都包括第一近侧端部和第一远侧端部，并且被布置成当击发构件在起始位置和结束位置之间移动时可滑动地接合细长通道。砧座接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面横向延伸并且与通道接合构件中的对应一个竖直间隔开。每个砧座接合构件包括第二近侧端部，该第二近侧端部与通道接合构件中的对应一个的第一近侧端部间隔开近侧竖直距离。每个砧座接合构件还包括第二远侧端部，该第二远侧端部与对应的通道接合构件的第一远侧端部间隔开与近侧竖直距离不同的远侧竖直距离。每个砧座钳口接合构件被布置成在击发构件在起始位置和结束位置之间移动时可滑动地接合砧座钳口。
实施例90-根据实施例89所述的外科器械，其中近侧竖直距离小于远侧竖直距离。
实施例91-根据实施例89或90所述的外科器械，其中所述第一近侧端部具有第一近侧厚度，并且其中第一远侧端部具有不同于第一近侧厚度的第一远侧厚度。
实施例92-根据实施例91所述的外科器械，其中第一近侧厚度小于第一远侧厚度。
实施例93-根据实施例89、90、91或92所述的外科器械，其中所述第二近侧端部具有第二近侧厚度，并且其中第二远侧端部具有不同于第二近侧厚度的第二远侧厚度。
实施例94-根据实施例93所述的外科器械，其中第二近侧厚度小于第二远侧厚度。
实施例95-根据实施例89、90、91、92、93或94所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括从击发主体的每个侧面延伸的中心通道接合构件。
实施例96-根据实施例89、90、91、92、93、94或95所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括组织切割表面。
实施例97-一种外科器械，包括限定轴轴线的轴组件。外科端部执行器可操作地与轴组件接合，并且包括第一钳口和第二钳口，所述第一钳口和第二钳口可操作地彼此交接以围绕固定钳口轴线在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间相对于彼此移动。击发构件被构造成能够相对于外科端部执行器在起始位置和结束位置之间移动。击发构件包括竖直延伸的击发主体，该击发主体包括两个侧面。第一钳口接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面侧向延伸。每个第一钳口接合构件沿着不平行于轴轴线的第一钳口接合轴线取向，并且被布置成当击发构件在起始位置和结束位置之间移动时可滑动地接合第一钳口。第二钳口接合构件从击发主体的每个侧面侧向延伸并且与第一钳口接合构件竖直间隔开。每个第二钳口接合构件沿着不平行于轴轴线和第一钳口接合轴线的第二钳口接合轴线取向。
实施例98-根据实施例97所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括从击发主体的每个侧面延伸的中心第一钳口接合构件。
实施例99-根据实施例97或98所述的外科器械，其中所述击发构件还包括组织切割表面。
实施例100-一种外科器械，该外科器械包括被构造成能够在其中可操作地支撑外科钉仓的第一钳口。第二钳口相对于第一钳口被支撑，使得第一钳口和第二钳口可相对于彼此在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地移动。击发构件被支撑以在向击发构件施加击发动作和回缩动作时，在第二钳口内的开始位置和终止位置之间轴向移动。锁定构件被支撑在外科端部执行器内，并且可在解锁构型和锁定构型之间移动，其中锁定构件防止击发构件从起始位置朝远侧推进。锁定构件与端部执行器可操作地交接，以便当第一钳口和第二钳口处于打开位置时被偏置到解锁位置。锁定构件被构造成能够在第一钳口和第二钳口移动到闭合位置时移动到锁定位置，除非包括位于未击发位置的凸轮组件的外科钉仓被支撑在第一钳口内，从而将锁定构件保持在解锁构型。
实施例101-根据实施例100所述的外科器械，其中外科钉仓包括细长狭槽，该细长狭槽被构造成能够当击发构件在起始位置和终止位置之间移动时可滑动地将击发构件接收在其中，并且其中锁定构件被构造成能够使击发构件与细长狭槽轴向对准。
实施例102-根据实施例100或101的外科器械，其中击发构件包括两个侧面，并且其中锁定构件被构造成能够当锁定构件处于锁定构型时保持接合击发构件的每个侧面。
实施例103-根据实施例102所述的外科器械，其中锁定构件包括对应于击发构件的每个侧面的弹簧臂，以及每个弹簧臂中的锁定凹口，其被构造成能够可释放地接合击发构件的每个侧面上的对应锁定凸耳。
实施例104-根据实施例103所述的外科器械，其中每个弹簧臂包括解锁接片，该解锁接片被构造成能够接合凸轮组件的对应部分，该凸轮组件被支撑在安装在第一钳口内的外科钉仓内的未击发位置中。
实施例105-根据实施例100、101、102、103或104所述的外科端部执行器还包括击发构件上的组织切割表面。
实施例106-根据实施例100、101、102、103、104或105所述的外科器械，其中第二钳口包括砧座。
实施例107-根据实施例106所述的外科器械，其中砧座包括：砧座主体；砧座主体中的轴向狭槽，其允许击发构件的一部分轴向从中通过；以及在轴向狭槽的每一侧上砧座主体内的轴向通道。
实施例108-实施例107的外科器械，其中击发构件包括脚部和砧座接合特征部，脚部被构造成能够在第一钳口内的对应通道内可滑动地通过，砧座接合特征部从击发构件主体的顶部侧向延伸并且被构造成能够通过砧座主体内的对应的一个轴向通道，并且其中第一和第二接合特征部位于脚部和砧座接合特征部之间。
实施例109-一种外科器械，包括限定轴轴线的轴组件。细长通道联接到轴组件并且被构造成能够在其中可移除地支撑外科钉仓。相对于细长通道支撑砧座，使得砧座和细长通道可相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性地移动。击发构件被支撑以在向击发构件施加击发动作和回缩动作时，在细长通道内的开始位置和终止位置之间轴向移动。锁定构件可在对应于砧座和细长通道的完全打开位置的解锁构型和锁定构型之间移动，其中锁定构件防止击发构件从起始位置朝远侧推进。当砧座和细长通道处于完全打开位置时，锁定构件被偏置到解锁位置，并且当砧座和细长通道移动到完全闭合位置时，被构造成能够通过砧座和细长通道中的一者移动到锁定位置，除非包括位于未击发位置的凸轮组件的外科钉仓被支撑在细长通道内，从而将锁定构件保持在解锁构型。
实施例110-根据实施例109所述的外科器械，其中当砧座和细长通道处于完全打开位置时，锁定构件被构造成能够沿轴轴线轴向对准击发构件。
实施例111-根据实施例110所述的外科器械，其中所述锁定构件包括对应于击发构件的每个侧面的击发构件对准接片。
实施例112-根据实施例109、110或111所述的外科器械，其中锁定构件还包括至少一个砧座弹簧，该至少一个砧座弹簧被支撑成与砧座偏置接触，以在砧座从完全打开位置移动到完全闭合位置时将锁定构件朝向锁定构型偏置。
实施例113-根据实施例109、110、111或112的外科器械，其中击发构件包括两个侧面，并且其中锁定构件被构造成能够当锁定构件处于锁定构型时保持接合击发构件的每个侧面。
实施例114-根据实施例113所述的外科器械，其中锁定构件包括对应于击发构件的每个侧面的弹簧臂，以及每个弹簧臂中的锁定凹口，其被构造成能够可释放地接合击发构件的每个侧面上的对应锁定凸耳。
实施例115-根据实施例114所述的外科器械，其中每个弹簧臂包括解锁接片，该解锁接片被构造成能够接合凸轮组件的对应部分，该凸轮组件被支撑在安装在细长通道内的外科钉仓内的未击发位置中。
实施例116-根据实施例109、110、111、112、113、114或115所述的外科端部执行器还包括击发构件上的组织切割表面。
实施例117-根据实施例109、110、111、112、113、114、115或116的外科器械，其中砧座包括：砧座主体；砧座主体中的轴向狭槽，其允许击发构件的一部分轴向从中通过；以及在轴向狭槽的每一侧上砧座主体内的轴向通道。
实施例118-根据实施例117的外科器械，其中击发构件包括脚部和砧座接合特征部，脚部被构造成能够在细长通道内的对应通道内可滑动地通过，砧座接合特征部从击发构件主体的顶部侧向延伸并且被构造成能够通过砧座主体内的对应的一个轴向通道，并且其中第一和第二接合特征部位于脚部和砧座接合特征部之间。
实施例119-一种外科器械，包括限定轴轴线的轴组件。细长通道联接到轴组件并且被构造成能够在其中可移除地支撑外科钉仓。相对于细长通道支撑砧座，使得砧座和细长通道可相对于彼此在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性地移动。击发构件被支撑以在向击发构件施加击发动作和回缩动作时，在细长通道内的开始位置和终止位置之间轴向移动。外科器械还包括用于防止击发构件从起始位置朝远侧推进的装置，除非包括位于未击发位置的凸轮组件的外科钉仓被支撑在细长通道内。用于防止的装置可在对应于砧座和细长通道的完全打开位置的解锁构型和锁定构型之间移动，其中当砧座和细长通道从完全打开位置移动至完全闭合位置时，锁定构件防止击发构件从起始位置朝远侧推进。
实施例120-一种外科端部执行器，包括第一钳口和第二钳口，第一钳口包括第一近侧钳口端部和第一钳口表面，第二钳口包括第二近侧钳口端部和第二钳口表面。第一近侧钳口端部和第二近侧钳口端部相对于彼此可移动地支撑，使得第一钳口表面和第二钳口表面可在相对于彼此的完全打开位置和相对于彼此的完全闭合位置之间移动，其中组织能够被夹持在第一钳口表面和第二钳口表面之间。至少一个可扩展组织止挡件位于第一钳口和第二钳口中的一者上，并且被构造成能够在第一钳口和第二钳口在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间移动时在第一钳口和第二钳口表面之间延伸。
实施例121-根据实施例120所述的外科端部执行器，其中每个可扩展组织阻挡件包括下部组织阻挡部分、被支撑以相对于下部组织阻挡部分移动行进的上部组织阻挡部分和偏置构件，该偏置构件用于在对应于完全闭合位置的完全压缩取向和对应于完全打开位置的完全伸展取向之间偏置上部组织止挡部分和下部组织止挡部分。
实施例122-根据实施例120所述的外科端部执行器或121，其中所述第一外科端部执行器包括细长通道和外科钉仓，该外科钉仓被可操作地支撑在细长通道中并且限定第一钳口表面。
实施例123-根据实施例122所述的外科端部执行器，其中每个可膨胀组织止挡件可操作地支撑在外科钉仓上。
实施例124-根据实施例120、121、122或123所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述至少一个可扩展组织止挡件包括两个可扩展的组织止挡件，这两个可扩展的组织止挡件邻近第一近侧钳口端部可操作地支撑。
实施例125-根据实施例120、121、122、123或124所述的外科端部执行器，还包括在对应于每个可扩展组织止挡件的钳口上的固定组织止挡件。
实施例126-根据实施例125所述的外科端部执行器，其中每个固定组织止挡件位于对应的可扩展组织止挡件的近侧。
实施例127-根据实施例122所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述外科钉仓包括仓体，该仓体被构造成能够可拆卸地支撑在细长通道中并限定第一钳口表面。细长狭槽延伸穿过仓体和第一钳口表面的一部分。至少一排离散钉凹坑位于细长狭槽的每一侧。每个离散钉凹坑可操作地支撑其中的至少一个外科钉，并且其中至少一个可扩展的组织止挡件的至少一部分位于每排离散钉凹坑中的最近侧的离散钉凹坑的远侧。
实施例128-根据实施例121所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述下部组织止挡部分枢转地联接到第一钳口，并且包括一对互连的凸轮壁，该一对互连的凸轮壁在一对互连的凸轮壁间限定空间，并且其中所述上部组织止挡部分中的对应的一个可移动地支撑在该空间内。
实施例129-根据实施例128所述的外科端部执行器，其中每个下部组织止挡部分和上部组织止挡部分枢转地支撑在第一钳口上，以围绕组织止挡轴线枢转行进。
实施例130-根据实施例129所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述第一外科端部执行器包括细长通道和外科钉仓，该外科钉仓被可操作地支撑在细长通道中并且限定第一钳口表面。
实施例131-根据实施例130所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述外科钉仓包括仓体，该仓体被构造成能够可拆卸地支撑在细长通道中并限定第一钳口表面。细长狭槽延伸穿过仓体和第一钳口表面的一部分。至少一排离散钉凹坑位于细长狭槽的每一侧。每个离散钉凹坑可操作地支撑其中的至少一个外科钉，并且其中至少一个可扩展的组织止挡件位于每排离散钉凹坑中的最近侧的离散钉凹坑的远侧，并且其中组织止挡轴线横向于细长狭槽。
实施例132-一种外科端部执行器，包括外科钉仓，该外科钉仓包括限定仓平台表面和其中的钉凹坑图案的仓体。外科端部执行器还包括砧座，该砧座包括钉成形下表面。砧座和仓体相对于彼此被支撑，使得砧座和仓体中的一者可相对于砧座和仓体中的另一者在完全打开位置和完全闭合位置之间选择性地移动。外科端部执行器还包括用于在组织被接纳在仓平台表面和钉成形下表面之间时防止组织朝近侧延伸超过钉凹坑图案的近侧部分的装置。用于预防的装置在对应于完全闭合位置的完全塌缩的取向和对应于完全打开位置的完全展开的取向之间是可扩展的。
实施例133-根据实施例132所述的外科端部执行器，其中所述仓体还包括延伸穿过仓体的一部分和仓平台表面的细长狭槽，并且其中钉凹坑的图案包括位于细长狭槽的每一侧的至少一排离散钉凹坑。每个离散钉凹坑可操作地支撑其中的至少一个外科钉，并且其中至少一个可扩展的组织止挡件位于每排离散钉凹坑中的最近侧的离散钉凹坑的远侧。
实施例134-根据实施例132或133所述的外科端部执行器，其中用于防止的装置可移动地支撑在仓体上。
实施例136-根据实施例132、133、134或135所述的外科端部执行器，其中用于防止的装置可枢转地联接到仓体的近侧端部。
实施例137-根据实施例32、133、134、135或136所述的外科端部执行器，其中当砧座和仓体在完全闭合位置和完全打开位置之间移动时，用于防止的装置在完全塌缩取向和完全伸展取向之间移动。
实施例138-一种外科端部执行器，包括第一钳口，该第一钳口包括第一钳口近侧端部和第一钳口表面。外科端部执行器还包括第二钳口，该第二钳口包括第二近侧钳口端部和第二钳口表面。第一近侧钳口端部和第二近侧钳口端部相对于彼此可移动地支撑，使得第一钳口表面和第二钳口表面可在相对于彼此的完全打开位置和相对于彼此的完全闭合位置之间移动，其中组织能够被夹持在第一钳口表面和第二钳口表面之间。至少一个第一固定钳口组织止挡件在邻近第一钳口近侧端部的第一钳口表面上方向上延伸。第二固定钳口组织止挡件对应于每个第一固定钳口组织止挡件并向下延伸超过第二钳口表面并相对于对应的第一固定钳口组织止挡件定位，使得当第一钳口和第二钳口处于完全打开位置时，第二固定钳口组织止挡件的至少一部分与对应的第一固定组织止挡件的另一部分重叠，并且当第一钳口和第二钳口处于完全闭合位置时，第二固定钳口组织止挡件的一部分在第二钳口表面下方延伸，并且对应的第一固定组织止挡件的另一部分在第一钳口表面上方延伸。
实施例139-根据实施例138所述的外科端部执行器，其中当第一钳口和第二钳口处于完全闭合位置时，对应的第一固定组织阻挡件的部分被接纳在第二钳口中的对应开口内。
实施例140-根据实施例138或139所述的外科端部执行器，其中当第一钳口和第二钳口处于完全打开位置时，第一固定组织止挡件的另一部分位于第二固定组织止挡件的另一部分的远侧。
已结合钉的部署和变形描述了本文所述的外科器械系统；然而，本文所述的实施方案不限于此。例如，设想了部署除钉之外的紧固件诸如夹具或大头钉的各种实施方案。此外，还设想了利用用于密封组织的任何合适装置的各种实施方案。例如，根据各种实施方案的端部执行器可包括被构造成能够加热和密封组织的电极。另外，例如，根据某些实施方案的端部执行器可施加振动能量来密封组织。
下述专利的全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入本文：
-公布于1995年4月4日的名称为“ELECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE”的美国专利5,403,312；
-公布于2006年2月21日的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVINGSEPARATE DISTINCT CLOSING AND FIRING SYSTEMS”的美国专利7,000,818；
-公布于2008年9月9日的名称为“MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING ANDFASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH TACTILE POSITION FEEDBACK”的美国专利7,422,139；
-公布于2008年12月16日的名称为“ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTWITH CLOSURE SYSTEM AND ANVIL ALIGNMENT COMPONENTS”的美国专利7,464,849；-公布于2010年3月2日的名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING AN ARTICULATING ENDEFFECTOR”的美国专利7,670,334；
-公布于2010年7月13日的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS”的美国专利7,753,245；
-公布于2013年3月12日的名称为“SELECTIVELY ORIENTABLE IMPLANTABLEFASTENER CARTRIDGE”的美国专利8,393,514；
-名称为“SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES”的美国专利申请序列号11/343,803；现为美国专利7,845,537；
-提交于2008年2月14日的名称为“SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENINGINSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES”的美国专利申请序列号12/031,573；
-提交于2008年2月15日的名称为“END EFFECTORS FOR A SURGICAL CUTTING ANDSTAPLING INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号12/031,873(现为美国专利7,980,443)；
-名称为“MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号12/235,782，现为美国专利8,210,411；-名称为“POWERED SURGICAL CUTTING ANDSTAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLE FIRING SYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号12/249,117，现为美国专利8,608,045；
-提交于2009年12月24日的名称为“MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTINGINSTRUMENT WITH ELECTRIC ACTUATOR DIRECTIONAL CONTROL ASSEMBLY”的美国专利申请序列号12/647,100；现为美国专利8,220,688；
-提交于2012年9月29日的名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE”的美国专利申请序列号12/893,461，现为美国专利号8,733,613；
-提交于2011年2月28日的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT”的美国专利申请序列号13/036,647，现为美国专利号8,561,870；
-名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLEDEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS”的美国专利申请序列号13/118,241，现为美国专利9,072,535；
-于2012年6月15日提交的标题为“ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTCOMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE”的美国专利申请序列号13/524,049，现为美国专利No.9,101,358；
-提交于2013年3月13日的名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSORSYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号13/800,025，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263551；
-提交于2013年3月13日的名称为“STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSORSYSTEM”的美国专利申请序列号13/800,067，现为美国专利申请公布2014/0263552；
-提交于2006年1月31日的名称为“SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENINGINSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE TRIGGER LOCKING MECHANISM”的美国专利申请公布2007/0175955；和
-提交于2010年4月22日的名称为“SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH ANARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR”的美国专利申请公布2010/0264194，现为美国专利8,308,040。
虽然本文已结合某些实施方案描述了各种装置，但也可实施对这些实施方案的许多修改和变型。在一个或多个实施方案中，具体特征、结构或特性可以任何合适的方式进行组合。因此，在无限制的情况下，结合一个实施方案示出或描述的具体特征、结构或特性可全部或部分地与一个或多个其他实施方案的特征、结构或特性组合。另外，在公开了用于某些部件的材料的情况下，也可使用其它材料。此外，根据多种实施方案，单个部件可被替换为多个部件，并且多个部件也可被替换为单个部件，以执行给定的一种或多种功能。上述具体实施方式和下述权利要求旨在涵盖所有此类修改和变型。
本文所公开的装置可被设计成在单次使用后废弃，或者其可被设计成多次使用。然而无论是哪种情况，该装置都可在至少使用一次后经过修整再行使用。修复可包括以下步骤的任意组合，这些步骤包括但不限于拆卸装置、之后进行装置具体部件的清洁或更换、以及随后重新组装装置。具体地，修复设施和/或外科团队可拆卸装置，并且在清洁和/或更换装置的特定部件之后，可重新组装装置以供后续使用。本领域的技术人员将理解，修整装置可利用多种技术来进行拆卸、清洁/替换和重新组装。此类技术的使用以及所得的修复装置均在本申请的范围内。
本文所公开的装置可在手术之前进行处理。首先，可获得新的或用过的器械，并且根据需要进行清洁。然后，可对器械进行消毒。在一种灭菌技术中，将所述器械放置在密闭且密封的容器(诸如，塑料或TYVEK袋)中。然后可将容器和器械置于可穿透容器的辐射场，诸如γ辐射、X射线和/或高能电子。辐射可杀死器械上和容器中的细菌。经消毒的器械随后可被储存在无菌容器中。密封容器可将器械保持为无菌的，直至在医疗设施中将该容器打开。还可使用本领域已知的任何其他技术对装置进行消毒，所述技术包括但不限于β辐射、γ辐射、环氧乙烷、等离子过氧化物和/或蒸汽。
尽管本发明已被描述为具有示例性设计，但可在本公开的实质和范围内进一步修改本发明。因此，本申请旨在涵盖使用本发明的一般原理的本发明的任何变型、用途或改型。
以引用方式全文或部分地并入本文的任何专利、公布或其他公开材料均仅在所并入的材料不与本发明所述的现有定义、陈述或其他公开材料相冲突的范围内并入本文。因此，并且在必要的程度下，本文明确列出的公开内容代替以引用方式并入本文的任何冲突材料。据称以引用方式并入本文但与本文列出的现有定义、陈述或其它公开材料相冲突的任何材料或其部分，将仅在所并入的材料与现有的公开材料之间不产生冲突的程度下并入。
Claims (11)
1.一种外科端部执行器，包括：
第一钳口，所述第一钳口包括第一近侧钳口端部和第一钳口表面；
第二钳口，所述第二钳口包括第二近侧钳口端部和第二钳口表面，所述第一近侧钳口端部和所述第二近侧钳口端部相对于彼此可移动地支撑，使得所述第一钳口表面和所述第二钳口表面能够在相对于彼此的完全打开位置和相对于彼此的完全闭合位置之间移动，其中组织能够被夹持在所述第一钳口表面和所述第二钳口表面之间；以及
至少一个可扩展组织止挡件，所述至少一个可扩展组织止挡件位于所述第一钳口和所述第二钳口中的一者上，并且被构造成能够在所述第一钳口和所述第二钳口在所述完全打开位置和所述完全闭合位置之间移动时在所述第一钳口表面和所述第二钳口表面之间延伸；
其中，每个所述至少一个可扩展组织止挡件包括：
下部组织止挡部分；
上部组织止挡部分，所述上部组织止挡部分被支撑以能够相对于所述下部组织止挡部分移动行进；和
偏置构件，所述偏置构件用于在对应于所述完全闭合位置的完全压缩的取向和对应于所述完全打开位置的完全展开的取向之间偏置所述上部组织止挡部分和所述下部组织止挡部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科端部执行器，其中，所述第一钳口包括：
细长通道；和
外科钉仓，所述外科钉仓可操作地支撑在所述细长通道中并限定所述第一钳口表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的外科端部执行器，其中，每个所述可扩展组织止挡件可操作地支撑在所述外科钉仓上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的外科端部执行器，其中，所述至少一个可扩展组织止挡件包括邻近所述第一近侧钳口端部可操作地支撑的两个可扩展组织止挡件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的外科端部执行器，还包括在所述第二钳口上对应于每个所述可扩展组织止挡件的固定组织止挡件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的外科端部执行器，其中，每个所述固定组织止挡件位于所述对应的可扩展组织止挡件的近侧。
7.根据权利要求2所述的外科端部执行器，其中，所述外科钉仓包括：
仓体，所述仓体被构造成能够可移除地支撑在所述细长通道中并限定所述第一钳口表面；
细长狭槽，所述细长狭槽延伸穿过所述仓体的一部分和所述第一钳口表面；以及
至少一排离散钉凹坑，所述至少一排离散钉凹坑位于所述细长狭槽的每一侧上，每个所述离散钉凹坑可操作地将至少一个外科钉支撑在所述每个所述离散钉凹坑中并且其中所述至少一个可扩展的组织止挡件的至少一部分位于每排离散钉凹坑中的最近侧的所述离散钉凹坑的远侧。
8.根据权利要求1所述的外科端部执行器，其中，每个所述下部组织止挡部分可枢转地联接到所述第一钳口，并且包括一对互连的凸轮壁，所述一对互连的凸轮壁在所述一对互连的凸轮壁之间限定空间，并且其中所述上部组织止挡部分中的对应的一个可移动地支撑在所述空间内。
9.根据权利要求8所述的外科端部执行器，其中，每个所述下部组织止挡部分和所述上部组织止挡部分可枢转地支撑在所述第一钳口上，以围绕组织止挡轴线枢转行进。
10.根据权利要求9所述的外科端部执行器，其中，所述第一钳口包括：
细长通道；和
外科钉仓，所述外科钉仓可操作地支撑在所述细长通道中并限定所述第一钳口表面。
11.根据权利要求10所述的外科端部执行器，其中，所述外科钉仓包括：
仓体，所述仓体被构造成能够可移除地支撑在所述细长通道中并限定所述第一钳口表面；
细长狭槽，所述细长狭槽延伸穿过所述仓体的一部分和所述第一钳口表面；和
至少一排离散钉凹坑，所述至少一排离散钉凹坑位于所述细长狭槽的每一侧上，每个所述离散钉凹坑可操作地将至少一个外科钉支撑在所述每个所述离散钉凹坑中并且其中所述至少一个可扩展的组织止挡件位于每排离散钉凹坑中的最近侧的所述离散钉凹坑的远侧，并且其中所述组织止挡轴线横向于所述细长狭槽。
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| US15/385,954 US10624635B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Firing members with non-parallel jaw engagement features for surgical end effectors |
| US15/385,958 US10639034B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Surgical instruments with lockout arrangements for preventing firing system actuation unless an unspent staple cartridge is present |
| US15/385,955 US10813638B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Surgical end effectors with expandable tissue stop arrangements |
| US15/385,941 US10736629B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Surgical tool assemblies with clutching arrangements for shifting between closure systems with closure stroke reduction features and articulation and firing systems |
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| PCT/US2017/060164 WO2018118239A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2017-11-06 | Surgical end effectors with expandable tissue stop arrangements |
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| BR (1) | BR112019012318B1 (zh) |
| WO (7) | WO2018116022A1 (zh) |
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