JPS62221897A - 電動機の制御装置 - Google Patents

電動機の制御装置

Info

Publication number
JPS62221897A
JPS62221897A JP61065371A JP6537186A JPS62221897A JP S62221897 A JPS62221897 A JP S62221897A JP 61065371 A JP61065371 A JP 61065371A JP 6537186 A JP6537186 A JP 6537186A JP S62221897 A JPS62221897 A JP S62221897A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
current
motor
converter
phase
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61065371A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenji Kawagishi
川岸 賢至
Masaharu Uko
宇高 正晴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP61065371A priority Critical patent/JPS62221897A/ja
Priority to US07/029,228 priority patent/US4788485A/en
Publication of JPS62221897A publication Critical patent/JPS62221897A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/425Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a high frequency AC output voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022Synchronous motors
    • H02P25/024Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4216Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は3相交流電源力率を改善できる電動機の制御
装置に関するものである。
〔従来の技術〕
第4図は、例えば特開昭和55−94583号公報に示
された従来の電動機の制御装置を示す回路構成図で、一
方が3相交流電源に、他方が3相交流電動機にそれぞれ
接続されている。
図において、1は3相交流電源、2はパルス幅変調方式
の第1の電力変換器、3は3相交流電動機、4はパルス
幅変調方式の第2の電力変換器、5は3相交流電源1に
一方の端子群が接続されたACリアクトルにして、この
ACリアクトル5の他方の端子群には第1の電力変換器
2の交流側端子が接続されている。6は直流平滑用コン
デンサにして、この直流平滑用コンデンサ6には第1の
電力変換器2の直流側端子が接続されている。また、上
記直流平滑用コンデンサ6には第2の電力変換器4の直
流側端子が接続され、第2の電力変換器4の交流側端子
は3相交流電動機3に接続されている。7は基準電圧の
指令値を出力する直流電圧指令器、8は上記直流平滑用
コンデンサ6の電圧を検出する直流電圧検出器、9は直
流電圧指令器7の出力と直流電圧検出器8の出力との誤
差を演算し、その誤差を増幅して出力する誤差増幅器、
10は3相交流電源1の3相相電圧を検出するための絶
縁変圧器、11tj:第1の電力変換器2の3相交流電
流を検出する電流検出器、12は演算器にして、これは
誤差増幅器9の出力、絶縁変圧器10の出力および電流
検出器11の出力を演算して、第1の電力変換器2の交
流側3相電圧指令を出力する。13は三角波発生器、1
4は演算器12の出力と三角波発生器13の出力を比較
し、第1の電力変換器2内のスイッチング要素のオン・
オフ信号を出力する比較器、15は比較器14の出力で
あるオン・オフ信号を増幅して、第1の電力変換器2内
のスイッチング要素であるサイリスタのオフOオフを制
御するゲート・アンプである。
一方、16は第2の電力変換器4の出力周波数及び電圧
を指令する周波数指令回路、17は可変周波数の3相正
弦波信号を発生する発振器、18は周波数指令回路16
と発振器17の各出力信号を掛算する乗算器、19は三
角波発生器、20は乗算器18の各々の出力と三角波発
生器19の出力を比較し、第2の電力変換器4内のスイ
ッチング要素のオン・オフ信号を出力する比較器、21
は比較器20の出力であるオン・オフ信号を増幅して、
第2の電力変換器4内のスイッチング要素のオン・オフ
を制御するゲート・アンプである。
なお、ACリアクトル5、第1の電力変換器2、直流電
圧指令器7、直流電圧検出器8、誤差増幅器9、絶縁変
圧器10、電流検出器11、演算器12、三角波発生器
13、比較器14、ゲートアンプ15を合わせたものを
、以下電力変換装置Aと呼ぶことにする。
次に動作について説明する。第1の電力変換器2はスイ
ッチング要素のオン拳オフ制御によって、その交流側電
圧と直流側電圧との大きさの関係を変化できる機能を持
つ。
先ず、この機能をどのような動作で得ようとしているか
について説明する。直流電圧指令器7の指令する電流電
圧指令vd*と直流平滑用コンデンサ6の電圧Vd と
は誤差増幅器9に入力され、それらの差が増幅されて出
力される。この出力は第1の電力変換器2の直流側電流
i(1の指令;d*となる01dの方向を第1の電力変
換器2から直流平滑用コンデンサ6に流れるとき正とす
ると、i(1申はVd” > Vd  で正、vd*〈
vdで負にそれぞれなる、ように出力される。
演算器12はid傘と絶縁変圧器10の出力と電流検出
器11の出力を入力として第1の電力変換器2の交流側
相電圧指令yu * 、 yv本および7w本を演算し
て出力する。これらのvU” + ”V” * ”W“
を演算出力する方法はいくつかあるが、つぎにその一つ
を示す。
1dIは絶縁変圧器10の出力する3相交流電源1の3
相相電圧VR+ vSr VT  に比例し7’c K
VR*KvS y KVTにそれぞれ乗ぜられる。その
結果、KvR11id*、KvsIIid本、KvT@
id本が作られる。
これは第1の電力変換器2の交流電流指令in中。
1v本1 ’W”に相当する。実際の交流電流tu l
 ’Vliwがiu” r iv申r ’W”  と一
致すれば、それらはvR* VS + VT  と同相
あるいは逆位相となり、電源力率は±1となるo  1
11” + ’V” + ’W申* tu +し、iw
は3相交流電源1から第1の電力変換器2に流れる方向
を正とする。Vu* 、 Vv* 、 7w本は(in
”  io) r (iv”  jv) +(iw” 
 jw)をそれぞれ増幅して作る。
上記yu! 、 vv* 、 vw市を三角波発生器1
3が発生する三角波と比較器14で比較する。この比較
器14の出力はゲートアンプ15で増幅処理され、第1
の電力変換器2内のスイッチング要素をオン・オフ制御
するが、この時、第1の電力変換器2の交流側相電圧v
u j vvl VWの波形はパルス状になるが、その
基本波はvu ” + Vy ” + 7w本と一致す
る。
第5図(atは第1の電力変換器2の交流側から直流側
へ、第5図fb)は逆に直流側から交流側へ電力を供給
するときのVB 、 VLI 、 ILI  のベクト
ル図を示す。ゲートアンプ21が第2の電力変換器4内
のスイッチング要素のオン・オフを制御することによっ
て、3相交流電動機3に可変電圧、可変周波数の電力が
供給されることとなる。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
従来の電動機の制御装置は以上のように構成されている
ため、3相交流電源から直流電源に電力変換を行なう際
には第1の電力変換装置(コンバータ)に電動機駆動装
置すなわち第2の電力変換装置と同等の変換装置を要し
、しかも交流電源側の電圧位相、電源電流などを検出す
る検出器も必要であシ、システム全体が大形化するなど
の問題点があった。
この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するためになされ
たもので、交流電源側の電圧位相、電源電流などを検出
する検出器を不要とすることによりコンバータ装置が大
形化することなしに電源力率全1.0近くに保つことの
できる電動機の制御装置を得ることを目的とする。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
この発明に係る電動機の制御装置は、3相交流電源を直
流に変換するダイオードコンバータと、このダイオード
コンバータの直流出力端に接続され、電動機を駆動する
パルス幅変調方式の電力変換装置、!:を有[2、直流
電源ラインよシミ動機の直流電流を検出器によシ検出し
、その直流電流より交流リップルのみを取出し、上記パ
ルス幅変調方式の電力変換装置を上記交流リップルに応
じてパルス幅変調制御することによシミ動機の直流電流
を平滑する構成としたものである。
〔作 用〕
この発明における電動機の制御装置は、パルス幅変調方
式の電力変換装置を電動機の直流電流を平滑するように
パルス幅変調制御することによシダイオードコンバータ
によって電源力率を1.0近くまでに制御しようとする
ものである。
従ってコンバータ装置が大形化することなしに電動機の
可変速制御が行える。
〔実施例〕
以下、この発明を一実施例に従って説明する。
第1図において、1は3相交流電源、30は3相のダイ
オードコンバータ、31はDCリアクトル、32は同期
電動機33を駆動するPWM変調方式のトランジスタイ
ンバータ、34は限流抵抗、35はブレーキ用トランジ
スタにして、上記限流抵抗34とブレーキ用トランジス
タ35は直列に接続されて上記ダイオードコンバータ3
0の直流出力端に接続されているスナバ−コンデンサ3
6に並列に接続されている。37は電流検出用抵抗にし
て、この抵抗37は同期電動機33に流れる直流電流を
検出するためにスナバ−コンデンサ36と同期電動機3
3との間に接続される。38は電圧検出回路にして、こ
の電圧検出回路38はスナバ−コンデンサ36の端子間
の電圧を検出し制御回路39に入力する0電流検出用抵
抗37及び電流検出回路40で検出された電流はバイパ
スフィルタ41e通過させた後、制御回路39に入力す
る。42は制御回路39に入力される周波数指令信号、
43はベースアンプにして、このベースアンプ43は制
御回路39よ多出力されるPWM変調信号、ブレーキ信
号を増幅し各々のトランジスタインバータ32及びブレ
ーキ用トランジスタ35を駆動する。
しかして、制御回路39は第2図に示すように構成され
ている。すなわち図において、44は直流電圧k A 
/ D変換するA / 1)コンバータ、45はブレー
キ基準信号46に従ってブレーキをかけるか否かを判定
するブレーキ判定回路、47は検出された電流ff1A
/1)変換するA/D変換回路、48は周波数指令信号
fcffiF/y変換するF/V変換回路、49は電圧
指令信号VCに対して同期電動機33の直流電流値との
誤差を算定する加算器、50は誤差信号e1ヲ増幅する
増幅器、51はPWMカウンター52の出力と電圧指令
の誤差信号e申 とを比較する比較器、53は周波数指
令信号fcをPWM変調信号に変換する周波数信号変換
回路、54は電圧指令PWM信号Vと周波数指令PWM
信号とを加算する加算器。
以上のように構成される電動機の制御回路の動作を第2
図、第3図を参照しながら説明する。
3相交流電源1を3相ダイオードコンバータ30で整流
すると、ダイオードコンバータ30の直流出力端の電圧
はスナバ−コンデンサー36が電源電圧リップルを平滑
する容量にはないので、第3図(a)に示すEDcのよ
うに電源周波数の6倍の周波数で脈動する電圧となる。
同期電動機33の駆動方式を6ステツプPWMとし、力
率がほぼ】、0で、かつ逆起電力によるリップルの影響
が小ないトスると、同期電動機33の直流電流は第3図
(alに示すIDCのように電源電圧と同様に電源周波
数の6倍の周波数で脈動する電流となる。同期電動機3
3に流れる直流電流の交流分をバイパスフィルタ41で
フィルタリングすると、第3図fblに示すようになる
この直流電流の交流分を制御回路39に入力し電圧指令
信号Vc との差をとり増幅器50で増幅し、PWM変
調信号とすると、この電流ループは丁度直流電流を平滑
するように働く。この時pwM変調方式のトランジスタ
インバータ32を高周波スイッチング可能なPWMイン
バータで、かつ直流側に接続されているDCリアクトル
31t−PWM変nインバータのキャリア周波数による
脈動電流を平滑させるように定数を設定すると、電流検
出抵抗37を流れる直流電流は第3図fdlのようにな
る。(第3図(dlの波形はPWMキャリア周波数によ
る電流リップルは無視しである。 )従って同期電動機
33に流れる相電流は第3図(C1に示すように電源電
圧リップルの影響のない6ステノプ状の電流が流れるこ
ととなる。又電源電流は第3図(elに示すように12
0°区間一定に流れるため、非常に電源力率が高くなる
限流抵抗34とブレーキ用トランジスタ35はスナバ−
コンデンサ36のコンデンサ容量が小さいため、同期電
動機33のエネルギーを回生じた時コンデンサ36電圧
の上昇を抑さえ、回生エネルギーを消費させるためのも
のである。
〔発明の効果〕
以上のように、この発明によれば、電動機の制御装置に
は3相交流電源を直流に変換するダイオードコンバータ
と、このダイオードコンバータの直流出力端に接続され
、電動機を駆動するパルス幅変調方式の電力変換装置と
を有し、直流電源ラインよシミ動機の直流電流を検出し
、その直流電流よシ交流リップルのみを取出し、パルス
幅変調方式の電力変換装置をこの交流リップルに応じて
パルス幅変調制御することにより電動機の直流室流を平
滑する構成としたことによシ、平滑コンデンサを用いる
ことなしに電源電圧変動、整流リップルの影響をまった
く受けないで、かつ電源力率の非常に高い小形のものが
得られる効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図はこの発明の一実施例による電動機の制御装置を
示す回路構成図、第2図は第1図の制御回路の構成を示
すブロック図、第3図は第1図の動作を説明するための
各部波形図、第4図は、従来の電動機制御装置の回路構
成図、第5図は第4図の動作状態の説明図である。 図において1は3相交流電源、30は3相ダイオードコ
ンバータ、32はPWM変調方式のトランジスタインバ
ータ、33は同期電動機、36はスナバ−コンデンサ、
39は制御回路、40は電流検出回路、41Fi、バイ
パスフィルタ、である。 なお、図中、同一符号は同一、または相当部分を示す〇 手続補正書(自発) 61.12.29 昭和  年  月  日 2、発明の名称 電動機の制御装置 3、補正をする者 代表者 志岐守哉 5、補正の対象 6、補正の内容 (1)別紙の通り特許請求の範囲を補正する。 (2)明細書をつぎのとおり訂正する。 7、添付書類の目録 補正後の特許請求の範囲を記載した書面 1道具   
上 補正後の特許請求の範囲 3相交流電源を直流に変換するダイオードコンバータと
、このダイオードコンバータの直流端側に接続され電動
機を超動するパルス幅変調方式の電力変換装置と、上記
ダイオードコンバータと電動機に流れる直流電流を検出
する検出器と、上記直流電流の交流分を通過させる高域
通過フィルタと、この高域通過フィルタの出力に応じて
上記パコンパータと電動機に流れる直流電流を所定値に
パルス幅変調制御する制御回路とを備えた電動機の制御
装置。

Claims (1)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 3相交流電源を直流に変換するダイオードコンバータと
    、このダイオードコンバータの直流端側に接続され電動
    機を駆動するパルス幅変調方式の電力変換装置と、上記
    電動機の直流電流を検出する検出器と、上記直流電流の
    交流分を通過させる高域通過フィルタと、この高域通過
    フィルタの出力に応じて上記パルス幅変調方式の電力変
    換装置が電動機の直流電流を所定値にパルス幅変調制御
    する制御回路とを備えた電動機の制御装置。
JP61065371A 1986-03-24 1986-03-24 電動機の制御装置 Pending JPS62221897A (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61065371A JPS62221897A (ja) 1986-03-24 1986-03-24 電動機の制御装置
US07/029,228 US4788485A (en) 1986-03-24 1987-03-23 Apparatus for controlling electric motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61065371A JPS62221897A (ja) 1986-03-24 1986-03-24 電動機の制御装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62221897A true JPS62221897A (ja) 1987-09-29

Family

ID=13285040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61065371A Pending JPS62221897A (ja) 1986-03-24 1986-03-24 電動機の制御装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4788485A (ja)
JP (1) JPS62221897A (ja)

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