CN109475266B - 内窥镜装置 - Google Patents
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- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00006—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of control signals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
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- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
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- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0676—Endoscope light sources at distal tip of an endoscope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
- A61B1/128—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements provided with means for regulating temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
- G02B23/2438—Zoom objectives
Abstract
本发明提供一种内窥镜装置。内窥镜装置(1)包括内窥镜(2)和与内窥镜(2)连接的影像处理器(3),内窥镜(2)包括具有可动透镜的观察光学系统,内窥镜装置(1)包括:设置在内窥镜(2)中的、对可动透镜进行驱动的音圈电机(32);设置在内窥镜(2)中的、检测可动透镜的位置的位置检测部(33);用于判断位置检测部(33)是否处于发热状态的发热判断部(45);和在发热判断部(45)判断为位置检测部(33)处于发热状态的情况下,使位置检测部(33)的动作停止的故障处理部(46)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在插入部的前端部设置有致动器的内窥镜装置。
背景技术
内窥镜在医疗领域和工业领域被广泛使用。并且人们还提出了一种具有变焦功能——能够利用致动器(actuator)使透镜移动来改变观察图像的倍率——的内窥镜。
例如,日本专利第4339823号公报提出了一种内窥镜装置,其在具有由致动器驱动的变焦透镜的内窥镜中,为了防止因致动器发热导致的致动器的特性劣化或者致动器的寿命降低,对致动器中流动的电流进行检测,来判断致动器的短路、断路和发热状态等状态。
然而,若要通过反馈控制来高精度地驱动内窥镜装置中使用的致动器,需要将检测变焦透镜位置的位置检测部设置在内窥镜的插入部的前端部。不过,插入部的前端部的尺寸较小,而位置检测部所占的体积较大,所以会因位置检测部发生故障时的耗电的微小上升而导致位置检测部发生特性劣化等。
在上述提出的防止因致动器发热导致的致动器的特性劣化等的内窥镜装置中,致动器是通过前馈控制来驱动的,所以并未考虑反馈控制时所需的位置检测部的发热问题。
本发明的目的在于提供一种内窥镜装置,其能够抑制因位置检测部发热导致的位置检测部的特性劣化等。
发明内容
解决问题的技术手段
本发明一个方面的内窥镜装置包括内窥镜和与所述内窥镜连接的处理器,所述内窥镜包括具有可动透镜的观察光学系统,所述内窥镜装置包括:致动器,其被设置在所述内窥镜中,对所述可动透镜进行驱动;位置检测部,其被设置在所述内窥镜中,检测所述可动透镜的位置;第一发热判断部,其用于判断所述位置检测部是否处于发热状态;和动作停止部,其在所述第一发热判断部判断为所述位置检测部处于发热状态的情况下,使所述位置检测部的动作停止。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明实施方式的内窥镜装置之结构的结构图。
图2是表示本发明实施方式的内窥镜装置1之结构的框图。
图3是表示本发明实施方式的音圈电机驱动器41之结构的电路图。
图4是表示本发明实施方式的位置检测电路43之结构的电路图。
图5是表示本发明实施方式的致动器用的发热判断部44的判断处理的流程之示例的流程图。
图6是表示本发明实施方式的位置检测部用的发热判断部45的判断处理的流程之示例的流程图。
图7是本发明实施方式的变形例1中的根据致动器的电阻值来判断发热状态的情况下的音圈电机驱动器41的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面使用附图说明本发明的实施方式。
(整体结构)
图1是表示本实施方式的内窥镜装置之结构的结构图。如图1所示,本实施方式的内窥镜装置1包括内窥镜2和与该内窥镜2连接的影像处理器3。影像处理器3与监视器4连接。
内窥镜2是电子内窥镜,其包括细长的插入部11、连接在该插入部11的根端的操作部12和从该操作部12延伸的通用线缆13。
在内窥镜2的插入部11中,在其前端具有硬质的前端部21,与该前端部21相邻地设置有可弯曲的弯曲部22,在该弯曲部22的根端侧设置有长形的挠性管部23。
前端部21内置有摄像元件34和摄像光学系统35(图2)。在前端部21设置有观察窗(未图示),来自被摄体的光通过观察窗和摄像光学系统35入射到摄像元件34的受光面上。摄像光学系统35是具有变焦机构的观察光学系统。摄像元件34中获得的摄像信号经插通在插入部11、操作部12、通用线缆13内的信号线被供给到影像处理器3。
此处,摄像光学系统35是具有可改变摄像倍率的变焦机构的观察光学系统,但也可以是具有变焦机构以外的对透镜进行驱动的机构的观察光学系统。即,摄像光学系统35只要具有透镜驱动机构即可。
此外,在通用线缆13内还插通有各种信号线,用于传递后述的致动器和位置检测部的驱动信号、检测信号等。
前端部21还设置有照明窗(未图示)。照明窗用于出射照明光。
内窥镜装置1的用户能够通过操作设置在操作部12上的弯曲捏手24来使弯曲部22弯曲。
在操作部12上,与释放按钮等各种操作器一起,还设置有用于驱动后述的变焦透镜的变焦操作器25。
变焦操作器25包括用于使变焦机构向望远侧变焦的按钮25a和用于使变焦机构向广角侧变焦的按钮25b。当用户按压按钮25a时,在按压的期间,变焦透镜35a(图2)以向望远侧变焦的方式移动,当不再按压按钮25a时,变焦透镜35a在此时的变焦位置处停止。同样地,当用户按压按钮25b时,在按压的期间,变焦透镜35a以向广角侧变焦的方式移动,当不再按压按钮25b时,变焦透镜35a在此时的变焦位置处停止。因此,用户通过进行按钮25a和25b的按压操作,能够在所希望的变焦位置处或者以所希望的变焦量观察被摄体。
此处,变焦操作器25是设置在内窥镜2的操作部12上的2个按钮25a、25b,但也可以是与影像处理器3连接的脚踏开关等其他操作器。
在从操作部12延伸的通用线缆13的前端设置有连接器13a。连接器13a能够可拆装地安装在影像处理器3上。
影像处理器3包括光源装置,该光源装置包括生成照明光的灯等光源,照明光入射到插通在插入部11、操作部12和通用线缆13内的光纤(未图示)的根端面上,从插入部11前端的照明窗出射。
照明光也可以是内置在前端部21内的LED(发光二极管)等发光元件的光。
影像处理器3内置有用于控制整个内窥镜装置1的控制部40(图2)。控制部40包括中央处理装置(CPU)、ROM、RAM、各种接口等,用户能够利用操作部12的各种按钮、影像处理器3的操作面板3a等进行各种操作。影像处理器3执行与用户的操作对应的各种功能的相应程序。
影像处理器3是以来自内窥镜2的摄像信号为输入而生成受检体图像即内窥镜图像的处理器。内窥镜图像的图像信号被输入到监视器4,在监视器4上显示内窥镜图像。
内窥镜2具有变焦功能,用户能够通过操作变焦操作器25来在监视器4上显示用户所希望的视角的内窥镜图像。影像处理器3根据用户对变焦操作器25的操作,而对内窥镜2的致动器进行驱动。
如上所述,内窥镜装置1由内窥镜2和与内窥镜2连接的处理器即影像处理器3构成,其中,内窥镜2包括具有透镜驱动机构的观察光学系统。
图2是表示内窥镜装置1之结构的框图。
内窥镜2包括摄像部31、音圈电机32和位置检测部33,其中音圈电机32是致动器。摄像部31、音圈电机(VCM)32和位置检测部33被设置在插入部11的前端部21内。
摄像部31包括CCD图像传感器等摄像元件34和摄像光学系统35。摄像光学系统35是变焦光学系统,包括作为可动透镜的变焦透镜35a。摄像元件34通过摄像光学系统35在受光面上接收被摄体像,对其进行光电转换而输出摄像信号。
音圈电机32是设置在内窥镜2中的、对透镜进行驱动的致动器。此处,音圈电机32使变焦透镜35a在摄像光学系统35的光轴方向上移动。音圈电机32由线圈和磁铁构成,是由驱动电流DI驱动的电动致动器。
变焦透镜35a与音圈电机32的可动部连接,通过使可动部相对于音圈电机32内的固定部发生相对移动,能够利用音圈电机32使变焦透镜35a在摄像光学系统35的光轴方向上移动。
如上所述,设置在前端部21的致动器是具有1个或多个磁铁以及1个或多个线圈,能够使可动部相对于固定部发生相对移动的音圈电机。
当用户按压上述的按钮25a或25b时,从变焦操作器25输出变焦指示信号ZC。后述的驱动控制部42基于变焦指示信号ZC输出用于驱动音圈电机32的驱动指示信号DS,使变焦透镜35a移动。由于变焦透镜35a移动,摄像光学系统35的变焦位置发生变化,其结果,显示在监视器4上的被摄体像的大小发生变化。
位置检测部33是设置在内窥镜2中的、对变焦透镜的位置进行检测的传感器。具体而言,位置检测部33包括磁铁36、霍尔元件37和差动放大器38。磁铁36被连接并固定于变焦透镜35a,磁铁36能够与变焦透镜35a一起移动。
霍尔元件37是由来自后述的恒流电路43c的驱动电流即输入电流IC驱动的、用于检测磁铁36的磁场的传感器。霍尔元件37输出与检测出的磁场的大小相应的模拟信号。位置检测用的传感器也可以使用磁阻元件来代替霍尔元件。
如上所述,位置检测部33具有检测随变焦透镜35a的移动而发生的磁场的变化的霍尔元件或磁阻元件,霍尔元件或磁阻元件从恒流电路43c接受恒定电流的供给。
差动放大器38使来自霍尔元件37的模拟信号放大,输出与模拟信号对应的电压信号作为位置检测信号PD。即,位置检测部33检测由音圈电机32驱动的变焦透镜35a的位置,输出位置检测信号PD。
此处使用了音圈电机32作为致动器,并使用了检测磁铁36的磁场的霍尔元件37作为位置检测用的传感器,但致动器也可以是音圈电机以外的装置,位置检测用的传感器也可以是霍尔元件以外的传感器,也可以检测磁场以外的物理量来检测位置。
内窥镜2的通用线缆13的连接器13a内置有非易失性的存储器39。存储器39中存储有用于进行后述的发热判断的各种阈值信息。为了应对致动器(此处是音圈电机)和位置检测部33的特性和结构随内窥镜不同而不同的情况,各种阈值信息是保持在内窥镜2中的。
如上所述,内窥镜2包括保存有判断信息的存储器39,该判断信息供后述的发热判断部44、45判断致动器和位置检测部是否处于发热状态。
在多个可与影像处理器3连接的内窥镜能够使用通用的阈值信息的情况下,各种阈值信息也可以存储在影像处理器3的ROM等存储装置中。
在内窥镜2被连接到影像处理器3之后,影像处理器3读取记录在存储器39中的各种阈值信息。
影像处理器3包括控制部40、音圈电机(VCM)驱动器41、驱动控制部42和位置检测电路43。
控制部40除了进行与内窥镜装置1整体的动作、各种图像生成和各种功能对应的各种处理之外,还进行音圈电机32的驱动控制。控制部40包括未图示的中央处理装置(CPU)、ROM、RAM等,后述的发热判断等处理是通过执行存储在ROM中的程序而进行的。图2仅表示了与音圈电机32的驱动控制相关的多个模块。
控制部40包括致动器用的发热判断部44、位置检测部用的发热判断部45和故障处理部46。发热判断部44是判断致动器即音圈电机32是否处于发热状态的处理部。发热判断部45是判断位置检测部33是否处于发热状态的处理部。
音圈电机驱动器41是这样的电路,其生成音圈电机32的驱动电流DI,将该驱动电流DI输出到音圈电机32,并对发热判断部44供给电流信号IS,其中电流信号IS表示对音圈电机32供给的电流的电流值。
驱动控制部42是这样的电路,其根据来自变焦操作器25的变焦指示信号ZC和来自位置检测电路43的变焦位置信息PI,生成并输出对音圈电机驱动器41的驱动指示信号DS。具体而言,驱动控制部42以使得变焦透镜35a到达由变焦指示信号ZC指示的变焦位置的方式,基于来自位置检测电路43的变焦位置信息PI进行变焦位置的反馈控制,作为控制信号生成驱动指示信号DS输出到音圈电机驱动器41。
位置检测电路43包括电源43a、模拟数字转换器(下文简称为ADC)43b和恒流电路43c。
电源43a是这样的电路,其经信号线对差动放大器38供给作为电源电压的输入电压VC,并对位置检测部用的发热判断部45供给电流信号ID,其中电流信号ID表示用于供给输入电压VC的信号线中流动的电流的电流值。
ADC43b将差动放大器38的模拟输出即位置检测信号PD转换为作为数字信号的变焦位置信息PI。
恒流电路43c是这样的电路,其经信号线对霍尔元件37供给输入电流IC,并对位置检测部用的发热判断部45供给电压信号VD,其中电压信号VD表示施加在霍尔元件37上的电压的电压值。
如上所述,用户能够通过按压按钮25a或25b来指定所希望的变焦位置。当用户停止按压按钮25a或25b时,变焦位置即变焦量就确定了。驱动控制部42以使得与位置检测部33检测出的位置检测信号PD对应的变焦量与用户指定的作为目标值的变焦位置一致的方式,生成并输出对音圈电机驱动器41的驱动指示信号DS。音圈电机驱动器41对音圈电机32输出与驱动指示信号DS对应的驱动电流DI。
致动器用的发热判断部44根据电流信号IS监视音圈电机驱动器41输出的驱动电流DI的电流值,使用从存储器39读取的判断信息即阈值信息,判断音圈电机32是否处于发热状态。
位置检测部用的发热判断部45根据电压检测电路63(图4)输出的电压信号VD监视供给到霍尔元件37的输入电流IC,并根据电流检测电路61(图4)输出的电流信号ID监视供给到差动放大器38的输入电压VC,使用从存储器39读取的判断信息即阈值信息,判断位置检测部33是否成为发热状态。
发热判断部44的判断结果信息J1和发热判断部45的判断结果信息J2被供给到故障处理部46。
故障处理部46基于2个判断结果信息J1、J2,生成用于进行必要的停止处理的停止信号SS1、SS2,将它们分别输出到音圈电机驱动器41和位置检测电路43。
图3是表示音圈电机驱动器41之结构的电路图。
音圈电机驱动器41包括H桥电路51和电流检测部52。H桥电路51包括并联连接的2个由P沟道型MOSFET和N沟道型MOSFET串联连接的串联电路,该H桥电路51上施加了电源电压VCC。在一方的P沟道型MOSFET与N沟道型MOSFET的连接点和另一方的P沟道型MOSFET与N沟道型MOSFET的连接点之间,电连接音圈电机32。对各MOSFET的栅极供给来自驱动控制部42的驱动指示信号DS。
在通过PWM控制来驱动音圈电机32的情况下,驱动指示信号DS是用于使电源电压VCC按指示占空比进行ON/OFF的信号,在通过线性控制来驱动音圈电机32的情况下,驱动指示信号DS是用于使电源电压VCC成为指示电压的信号。
电流检测部52设置在电源电压VCC与H桥电路51之间,检测从电源电压VCC流向H桥电路51的电流SI。电流检测部52输出表示电流SI的电流值的电流信号IS,电流信号IS被供给到发热判断部44。
此处,供给到音圈电机32的驱动电流DI存在因在狭窄的前端部21内与金属制的护套部件发生短路而导致其电流路径在途中改变的情况,所以不将电流检测部52设置在音圈电机32中流动的驱动电流DI的路径中,而是设置在音圈电机驱动器41的电源电压VCC与H桥电路51之间。
图4是表示位置检测电路43之结构的电路图。
位置检测电路43的电源43a对差动放大器38供给输入电压VC,并且包括电流检测电路61。位置检测电路43的恒流电路43c包括恒流源62和电压检测电路63。
电流检测电路61检测被供给了差动放大器38的电源电压VC的信号线中流动的电流信号。电流检测电路61将表示信号线中流动的电流信号的电流值的电流信号ID输出到发热判断部45。
电压检测电路63与供流动对霍尔元件37供给的输入电流IC的信号线连接,检测对霍尔元件37施加的电压。电压检测电路63将表示检测出的电压的电压值的电压信号VD输出到发热判断部45。
(动作)
(发热的判断)
图5是表示致动器用的发热判断部44的判断处理的流程之示例的流程图。图5所示的发热判断部44的判断处理由控制部40的CPU执行。
致动器用的发热判断部44监视H桥电路51中流动的电流SI(步骤(下文简称为S)1)。具体而言,发热判断部44监视电流检测部52输出的电流信号IS的电流值。
发热判断部44判断H桥电路51中流动的电流SI的电流值是否为规定阈值TH1以上(S2)。阈值TH1是从存储器39读取的判断信息,而下文说明的各种规定阈值和各种规定时间也均是从存储器39读取的判断信息。
在电流SI的电流值为规定阈值TH1以上时(S2:“是”),发热判断部44启动对规定时间T1进行计时的计时器(S3)。该计时器例如是软件计时器。在S3中若计时器已经启动,则不使其重新启动。规定时间T1例如是数百msec(毫秒)至数秒范围的时间。
如果电流SI的电流值不为规定阈值TH1以上(S2:“否”),则处理返回S1。在S2为“否”时,若计时器已经启动,则将计时器清零。
在计时器启动后,发热判断部44判断计时器是否已到时间(S4)。
如果时间未到(S4:“否”),则处理返回S2。从而,在电流SI的电流值为规定阈值TH1以上的状态持续了规定时间T1之前,S4的判断结果都是“否”。
如果时间已到(S4:“是”),则发热判断部44判断为致动器即音圈电机32处于发热状态(S5)。即,因为有规定值以上的电流SI在H桥电路51中流动,故推测或判断为音圈电机32正在发热。在S5中计时器被清零。
此处,之所以使用计时器判断电流SI的电流值是否持续规定时间T1以上,是为了防止在因电刀等医疗器械的电磁波引起的噪声导致电流SI瞬间增大时,作出发热的误判断。
如上所述,发热判断部44监视供给到音圈电机32的供给电流,在供给电流的值为阈值TH1以上、且阈值TH1以上的状态持续了规定时间T1的情况下,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态。
图6是表示位置检测部用的发热判断部45的判断处理的流程之示例的流程图。图6所示的发热判断部45的判断处理也由控制部40的CPU执行。
位置检测部用的发热判断部45监视输入到位置检测部33的输入电流IC和输入电压VC(S11)。具体而言,发热判断部45监视从电压检测电路63输出的电压信号VD,和从电流检测电路61输出的电流信号ID。
发热判断部45判断输入电流IC是否为规定阈值TH2以上,或者输入电压VC是否为规定阈值TH3以上(S12)。具体而言,发热判断部45判断电压检测电路63输出的电压信号VD是否为规定阈值Th2以上,或者电流检测电路61输出的电流信号ID是否为规定阈值Th3以上。
在输入电流IC为规定阈值TH2以上或输入电压VC为规定阈值TH3以上时(S12:“是”),发热判断部45启动对规定时间T2进行计时的计时器(S13)。该计时器例如是软件计时器。在S13中若计时器已经启动,则不使其重新启动。规定时间T2是数百msec(毫秒)至数秒范围的时间。
若输入电流IC的电流值或输入电压VC的电压值各自不为规定阈值TH2或TH3以上(S12:“否”),则处理返回S11。在S12中为“否”时,若计时器已经启动,则将计时器清零。
在计时器启动后,发热判断部45判断是否已到时间(S14)。
如果时间未到(S14:“否”),则处理返回S12。从而,在所监视的电流为规定阈值TH2以上的状态或所监视的电压为规定阈值TH3以上的状态持续规定时间T2之前,S14的判断结果都是“否”。
如果时间已到(S14:“是”),则发热判断部45判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态(S15)。即,发热判断部45监视输入到位置检测部33的输入电流IC或输入电压VC,在输入电流IC的值为阈值TH2以上、且输入电流IC为阈值TH2以上的状态持续了规定时间T2的情况下,或者输入电压VC的值为阈值TH3以上、输入电压VC的值为阈值TH3以上的状态持续了规定时间T2的情况下,推测或判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态。在S15中计时器被清零。
此处,之所以使用计时器判断输入电流IC的电流值或输入电压VC的电压值是否持续规定时间T2以上,是为了防止因电刀等医疗器械的电磁波引起的噪声导致发热判断部45作出位置检测部33发热的误判断。
由此,当输入电流IC为规定阈值TH2以上或输入电压VC为规定阈值TH3以上的状态持续规定时间T2以上时,发热判断部45判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态。
(故障处理)
发热判断部44在通过图5的处理判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态时,对故障处理部46输出判断结果信息J1。发热判断部45在通过图6的处理判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态时,对故障处理部46输出判断结果信息J2。
故障处理部46构成动作停止部,其基于发热判断部44和45的判断结果,停止音圈电机32和位置检测部33的动作。
(1)仅音圈电机发热的情况
故障处理部46在基于判断结果信息J1和J2,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态、位置检测部33不处于发热状态时,对音圈电机驱动器41输出使音圈电机32的动作停止的停止信号SS1。但也可以是,停止信号SS1如图2中点划线所示的那样,对驱动控制部42输出。
音圈电机32的动作的停止是通过这样的方式进行的,即,使音圈电机32的驱动电流DI成为0(零)以使得音圈电机32不发热,或者使音圈电机32的驱动电流DI成为规定电流值以下的电流以使得音圈电机32的发热变得非常小。
其结果,不再输出音圈电机32的驱动电流DI。
此时,与使音圈电机32的动作停止的停止信号SS1一同地,故障处理部46对位置检测电路43输出使位置检测部33的动作停止的停止信号SS2。这是为了进一步使插入部11的前端部21减少发热,其原因是,在音圈电机32的动作停止的情况下,位置检测部33的动作也就不再需要了。
位置检测部33的动作的停止是通过这样的方式进行的,即,使供给到位置检测部33的输入电流IC和电源电压VC分别成为0(零)以使得位置检测部33不发热,或者使供给到位置检测部33的输入电流IC和电源电压VC分别成为规定电流值以下的电流和规定电压值以下的电压以使得位置检测部33的发热变得非常小。
如上所述,在发热判断部44判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态的情况下,故障处理部46使音圈电机32的动作停止,并且也使位置检测部33的动作停止。
也可以是,在判断为仅音圈电机32处于发热状态的情况下,仅停止音圈电机32的动作,不停止位置检测部33的动作。
(2)仅位置检测部发热的情况
故障处理部46在基于判断结果信息J1和J2,判断为音圈电机32不处于发热状态、位置检测部33处于发热状态时,对音圈电机驱动器41输出使音圈电机32的动作停止的停止信号SS1,还对位置检测电路43输出使位置检测部33的动作停止的停止信号SS2。
即,作为动作停止部的故障处理部46在发热判断部45判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态的情况下,使位置检测部33的动作停止。具体而言,故障处理部46使差动放大器38的电源电压VC成为0(零)或规定电压值以下,并且使霍尔元件37的输入电流IC成为0(零)或规定电流值以下。
而且,故障处理部46在发热判断部45判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态的情况下,使位置检测部33的动作停止并且使音圈电机32的动作停止。音圈电机32的动作的停止是由控制音圈电机32的驱动的驱动控制部42进行的。这是因为,在位置检测部33的动作停止的情况下,音圈电机32的反馈控制将不再能正常进行。
其结果,不再对位置检测部33进行电流供给和电压供给,并且不再对音圈电机32供给驱动电流DI。
该情况下,因为音圈电机32是正常的,所以也可以是,为了使术者能够在观看内窥镜图像的同时容易地将内窥镜从体内拔出,而使音圈电机32的驱动电流DI的输出为规定的值,来驱动变焦透镜35a使变焦位置成为广角位置。故障处理部46如图2中点划线所示那样对驱动控制部42输出控制信号,以通过前馈控制来将变焦位置控制为广角的位置的方式,使音圈电机驱动器41输出使变焦透镜35a移动的驱动电流DI。
即,在发热判断部45判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态、并且发热判断部44没有判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态的情况下,故障处理部46可以驱动音圈电机32使变焦机构的透镜位置处于可确保内窥镜图像更宽广的视角的一侧。
(3)音圈电机和位置检测部双方发热的情况
故障处理部46在基于判断结果信息J1和J2,判断为音圈电机32和位置检测部33双方处于发热状态时,对音圈电机驱动器41输出使音圈电机32的动作停止的停止信号SS1,还对位置检测电路43输出使位置检测部33的动作停止的停止信号SS2。
其结果,不再对位置检测部33进行电流供给和电压供给,并且不再对音圈电机32供给驱动电流DI。
如上所述,采用上述实施方式,能够提供一种能抑制因位置检测部发热导致的位置检测部的特性劣化等的内窥镜装置。
接着说明上述实施方式的变形例。
(变形例1)
在上述实施方式中,致动器是否处于发热状态是根据供给到致动器即音圈电机32的电流的值的大小来判断的,但也可以根据致动器的负载电阻值的大小来判断。
图7是变形例1中的根据致动器的电阻值来判断发热状态的情况下的音圈电机驱动器41的电路图。本变形例1的音圈电机驱动器41包括电流检测部52。
电流检测部52设置在音圈电机32中流动的驱动电流DI的路径上。将驱动控制部42对音圈电机32施加的电源电压VCC的电压值信号AV,和来自电流检测部52的驱动电流DI的电流值信号dI,输入到致动器用的发热判断部44。
发热判断部44基于电阻值r判断音圈电机32的发热状态,其中,该电阻值r是根据驱动控制部42对音圈电机32施加的电压的电压值信号AV和电流检测部52检测出的电流值信号dI计算的。
例如,在驱动电流DI的一部分因与前端部21内的护套部件短路而泄漏时,存在电流值信号dI所示的电流值减小,但实际上音圈电机32中流动的电流较大、成为发热状态的情况。此外,在音圈电机32因故障而无法动作时,驱动电流DI会在反馈控制下增大。在发生这样的状态时,音圈电机32可能成为发热状态。
针对这样的状态,发热判断部44根据电阻值r和电流值信号dI进行判断。例如,在电阻值r为规定阈值rth1以上时,或者电流值信号dI为规定阈值dIth1以上的状态持续了规定时间T3以上时,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态。即,根据电流检测部52检测出的电流值信号dI和施加在音圈电机32上的施加电压计算电阻值r,发热判断部44在电阻值r为规定阈值rth1以上且电阻值r为规定阈值rth1以上的状态持续了规定时间T3的情况下,或者电流值信号dI为规定阈值dIth1以上且电流值信号dI为规定阈值dIth1以上的状态持续了规定时间T3的情况下,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态,其中,电流检测部52设置在音圈电机32的驱动电流DI的路径内。
因此,采用该变形例1也能够进行致动器的发热的判断。
(变形例2)
上述实施方式中,致动器是否处于发热状态是根据供给到致动器即音圈电机32的电流的值的大小来判断的,但也可以是,在驱动控制部42中,在控制目标值与检测值的差为规定阈值以上的状态持续了规定时间以上的情况下,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态。
如上所述,驱动控制部42以使得变焦透镜35a到达由变焦指示信号ZC指示的变焦位置的方式,基于来自位置检测电路43的变焦位置信息PI进行变焦位置的反馈控制,作为控制信号生成驱动指示信号DS输出到音圈电机驱动器41。
在该变形例2中,在变焦位置信息PI所示的变焦透镜35a的透镜位置与由变焦指示信号ZC指示的控制目标值之差为规定阈值THD以上,并且透镜位置与控制目标值之差为规定阈值THD以上的状态持续了规定时间T4以上时,发热判断部44推测或判断为音圈电机32发生了故障而处于发热状态。
驱动控制部42如图2中双点划线所示的那样,对发热判断部44供给变焦指示信号ZC的控制目标值信息和变焦位置信息PI。
发热判断部44在控制目标值与检测值之差为规定阈值THD以上的状态持续了规定时间T4以上的情况下,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态。
因此,采用该变形例2也能够进行致动器的发热的判断。
(变形例3)
在上述实施方式中,发热判断部44和45基于音圈电机32的供给电流和位置检测部33的供给电流与电源电压来判断致动器的发热和位置检测部的发热,但也可以利用温度传感器判断致动器的发热和位置检测部的发热。
在图2中,如虚线所示,在音圈电机32的附近配置有温度传感器71。
发热判断部44基于温度传感器71的输出信号计算音圈电机32的温度,在计算出的温度为规定阈值TH4以上的状态持续了规定时间T5以上时,判断为音圈电机32处于发热状态。
即,发热判断部44基于设置在音圈电机32上的温度传感器71的输出信号,判断音圈电机32是否处于发热状态。
同样地,在图2中,如虚线所示地,在位置检测部33的附近配置有温度传感器72。
发热判断部45基于温度传感器72的输出信号计算位置检测部33的温度,在计算出的温度为规定阈值TH5以上的状态持续了规定时间T6以上时,判断为位置检测部33处于发热状态。
即,发热判断部45基于设置在位置检测部33上的温度传感器72的输出信号,判断位置检测部33是否处于发热状态。
因此,采用该变形例3也能够进行致动器或位置检测部的发热的判断。
(变形例4)
上述实施方式中,控制部40的2个发热判断部44、45和故障处理部46设置在影像处理器3内,但也可以设置在连接器13a内。
如上所述,采用上述实施方式和各变形例,能够提供一种能抑制因位置检测部发热导致的位置检测部的特性劣化等的内窥镜装置。
本发明不限于上述实施方式,能够在不改变本发明的技术思想的范围中进行各种变更、改变等。
Claims (13)
1.一种包括内窥镜和与所述内窥镜连接的处理器的内窥镜装置,所述内窥镜包括具有可动透镜的观察光学系统,所述内窥镜装置的特征在于,包括:
致动器,其被设置在所述内窥镜中,对所述可动透镜进行驱动;
位置检测部,其被设置在所述内窥镜中,检测所述可动透镜的位置;
第一发热判断部,其用于判断所述位置检测部是否处于发热状态;和
动作停止部,其在所述第一发热判断部判断为所述位置检测部处于发热状态的情况下,使所述位置检测部的动作停止,
所述第一发热判断部监视所述位置检测部的输入电流或输入电压,在所述输入电流或所述输入电压的值为第一阈值以上,并且所述输入电流或所述输入电压的值为所述第一阈值以上的状态持续了第一时间的情况下,判断为所述位置检测部处于发热状态。
2.如权利要求1所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
在所述第一发热判断部判断为所述位置检测部处于发热状态的情况下,所述动作停止部使所述位置检测部的动作停止,并且使所述致动器的动作停止。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述第一发热判断部基于设置在所述位置检测部上的第一温度传感器的输出信号,判断所述位置检测部是否处于发热状态。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
包括第二发热判断部,其用于判断所述致动器是否处于发热状态,
在所述第二发热判断部判断为所述致动器处于发热状态的情况下,所述动作停止部使所述致动器的动作停止。
5.如权利要求4所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
在所述第二发热判断部判断为所述致动器处于发热状态的情况下,所述动作停止部使所述致动器的动作停止,并且使所述位置检测部的动作停止。
6.如权利要求4所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
在所述第一发热判断部判断为所述位置检测部处于发热状态、并且所述第二发热判断部没有判断为所述致动器处于发热状态的情况下,所述动作停止部驱动所述致动器,使所述可动透镜的透镜位置处于能够确保内窥镜图像的更宽广的视角的一侧。
7.如权利要求4所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述第二发热判断部监视供给到所述致动器的供给电流,在所述供给电流的值为第二阈值以上,并且所述供给电流的值为所述第二阈值以上的状态持续了第二时间的情况下,判断为所述致动器处于发热状态。
8.如权利要求7所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述第二发热判断部在根据供给到所述致动器的供给电流和施加在所述致动器上的施加电压计算出的电阻值为第三阈值以上,并且所述电阻值为所述第三阈值以上的状态持续了第三时间的情况下,判断为所述致动器处于发热状态。
9.如权利要求4所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
包括驱动控制部,其基于所述位置检测部检测出的所述可动透镜的位置,通过反馈控制来驱动所述致动器,
所述第二发热判断部在所述位置检测部检测出的所述可动透镜的位置与所述可动透镜的位置的控制指示值之差为第四阈值以上,并且所述差为所述第四阈值以上的状态持续了第四时间的情况下,判断为所述致动器处于发热状态。
10.如权利要求4所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述第二发热判断部基于设置在所述致动器上的第二温度传感器的输出信号,判断所述致动器是否处于发热状态。
11.如权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述内窥镜包括保存有判断信息的存储器,所述判断信息供所述第一发热判断部判断所述位置检测部是否处于发热状态,
所述第一发热判断部使用从所述存储器读取的所述判断信息,进行所述位置检测部是否处于发热状态的判断。
12.如权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述致动器是音圈电机,其包括1个或多个磁铁以及1个或多个线圈,该音圈电机能够使其可动部相对于固定部发生相对移动。
13.如权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜装置,其特征在于:
所述位置检测部包括用于检测随所述可动透镜的移动而发生的磁场的变化的霍尔元件或磁阻元件,
所述霍尔元件或所述磁阻元件从恒流电路接受恒定电流的供给。
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JP2015232493A (ja) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-24 | オリンパス株式会社 | 光ファイバスキャナ、照明装置および観察装置 |
WO2016059983A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-21 | オリンパス株式会社 | 撮像システム |
WO2016104368A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | オリンパス株式会社 | 内視鏡システム及び画像処理方法 |
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US11109743B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
JPWO2018011857A1 (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
JP6602979B2 (ja) | 2019-11-06 |
US20190133422A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
CN109475266A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
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