WO2010047553A2 - 반도체 발광 소자 - Google Patents
반도체 발광 소자 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010047553A2 WO2010047553A2 PCT/KR2009/006144 KR2009006144W WO2010047553A2 WO 2010047553 A2 WO2010047553 A2 WO 2010047553A2 KR 2009006144 W KR2009006144 W KR 2009006144W WO 2010047553 A2 WO2010047553 A2 WO 2010047553A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- light emitting
- semiconductor layer
- electrode
- conductive
- Prior art date
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- H01L33/08—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a plurality of light emitting regions, e.g. laterally discontinuous light emitting layer or photoluminescent region integrated within the semiconductor body
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/38—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor light emitting device, and more particularly, to a semiconductor light emitting device capable of high current operation and high luminous efficiency by changing an arrangement of electrodes.
- a semiconductor light emitting device is a device that emits light from a material contained in the device, for example, a device that converts energy due to electron / hole recombination into light by bonding a semiconductor using a diode such as an LED to emit light. to be.
- Such semiconductor light emitting devices are widely used as lighting, display devices, and light sources, and their development is being accelerated.
- Such a semiconductor junction light emitting device structure is generally a junction structure of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor.
- the semiconductor junction structure there may be light emission due to electron / hole recombination in the junction region of both semiconductors, but an active layer may be provided between the two semiconductors to activate the light emission more.
- the semiconductor junction light emitting device has a vertical structure and a horizontal structure according to the position of the electrode for the semiconductor layer, and there are growth-type (epi-up) and flip-chip (flip-chip) in the horizontal structure.
- FIG. 1 is a conventional horizontal semiconductor light emitting device
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical semiconductor light emitting device.
- the semiconductor layer in contact with the substrate in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an n-type semiconductor layer
- the semiconductor layer formed on the active layer is a p-type semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 1 of the horizontal semiconductor light emitting device includes a nonconductive substrate 13, an n-type semiconductor layer 12, an active layer 11, and a p-type semiconductor layer 10.
- the n-type electrode 15 is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 12, and the p-type electrode 14 is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 10, so that the n-type semiconductor layer 12 is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown) for application of a voltage. It is.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 1 When a voltage is applied to the semiconductor light emitting element 1 through the respective electrodes 14 and 15, electrons move from the n-type semiconductor layer 12, and holes move from the p-type semiconductor layer 10, resulting in electrons and holes. Luminescence occurs through recombination of.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 1 includes an active layer 11, and light emission is generated in the active layer 11. In the active layer 11, light emission of the semiconductor light emitting element 1 is activated, and light is emitted.
- the n-type electrode is positioned in the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and the p-type electrode is positioned in the p-type semiconductor layer 10 with a minimum contact resistance value.
- the position of the electrode may vary according to the type of substrate.
- the electrode of the n-type semiconductor layer 12 is a non-conductive substrate. It cannot be formed on (13), and must be formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- the n-type electrode 15 is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 12, it can be seen that the upper p-type semiconductor layer 10 and the active layer 12 are consumed due to the formation of the ohmic contact portion. . Due to the electrode formation, the light emitting area of the semiconductor light emitting device 1 is reduced, and accordingly, the light emitting efficiency is also reduced.
- the light emitting device 2 shown in FIG. 2 is a vertical semiconductor light emitting device, and the n-type electrode 25 may be formed on the substrate using the conductive substrate 23.
- the n-type electrode 25 may be formed on the substrate using the conductive substrate 23.
- an n-type electrode was formed on the conductive substrate 23, but after the growth of the semiconductor layer using the non-conductive substrate, the substrate was removed and the n-type electrode was directly formed on the n-type semiconductor layer.
- a light emitting element can also be manufactured.
- the voltage can be applied to the n-type semiconductor layer 22 through the conductive substrate 23, so that an electrode can be formed on the substrate itself.
- the n-type electrode 25 is formed on the conductive substrate 23, and the p-type electrode 24 is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 20, thereby manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device having a vertical structure. Can be.
- the light emitting area of the semiconductor light emitting device is reduced, and thus the light emitting efficiency is also reduced. There is a problem that the light loss and the luminous efficiency is reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor light emitting device having a new structure.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor light emitting device with high luminous efficiency.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a high current semiconductor light emitting device.
- an aspect of the present invention provides a semiconductor light emitting device.
- the semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor light emitting device in which a conductive substrate, a first electrode layer, an insulating layer, a second electrode layer, a second semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a first semiconductor layer are sequentially stacked, and the second electrode layer is the second electrode layer. At least one region of the surface forming an interface with the semiconductor layer is exposed, the first electrode layer penetrates the second electrode layer, the second semiconductor layer and the active layer, and penetrates to a predetermined region of the first semiconductor layer.
- the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the second semiconductor layer, and the active layer are insulated from each other, and an area where the first electrode layer and the first semiconductor layer contact each other is determined by the area of the semiconductor light emitting device. 0.615 to 15.68%.
- the contact holes may be uniformly arranged.
- the contact holes may be 1 to 48000.
- the area that the area 1000000 ⁇ m the first electrode layer and the semiconductor layer 2 of each of the semiconductor light-emitting element 6150 can contact to 156800 ⁇ m 2-ynyl.
- the distance between the center points of the contact holes adjacent to each other among the contact holes may be 5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the display device may further include an electrode pad part formed on the exposed area of the second electrode layer.
- an exposed region of the second electrode layer may be formed at an edge of the semiconductor light emitting device.
- the second electrode layer may reflect light generated from the active layer.
- the second electrode layer may include any one material selected from the group consisting of Ag, Al, Pt, Ni, Pt, Pd, Au, Ir, and a transparent conductive oxide.
- the conductive substrate may include any one material selected from the group consisting of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs.
- an area where the first electrode layer and the first semiconductor layer contact each other may be 3 to 13% of the area of the light emitting structure.
- a light emitting structure including a conductive substrate, a second semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a first semiconductor layer sequentially formed on the conductive substrate, the second semiconductor layer and the active layer penetrating through the first semiconductor layer and connected therein
- An insulating layer for electrically separating the first electrode layer and the first electrode layer from the conductive substrate, the second semiconductor layer, and the active layer, the first electrode layer having a closed contact hole and an electrical connection part extending from the contact hole and exposed to the outside of the light emitting structure.
- a contact area between the contact hole and the first semiconductor layer is 0.615 to 15.68% of the area of the light emitting structure.
- a part of the first electrode is formed on the light emitting surface, and the remaining part is disposed under the active layer, thereby ensuring the maximum light emitting area.
- the current can be stably dispersed even when a high operating current is applied.
- 1 is a conventional horizontal semiconductor light emitting device.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical semiconductor light emitting device.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating n-type ohmic contact resistance and p-type ohmic contact resistance of a semiconductor light emitting device having an area of 1000 ⁇ 1000 ⁇ m 2.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the total resistance of the first contact resistance and the second contact resistance according to the contact area between the first semiconductor layer and the first electrode layer.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing luminous efficiency according to the contact area of the first semiconductor layer and the first electrode layer.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment modified from the embodiment of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- 17 to 20 are diagrams illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- 21 to 25 illustrate a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- 26 to 36 illustrate a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- 37 to 57 are views illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 58 to 77 illustrate a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- 92 to 102 are diagrams illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- 103 to 105 are schematic views illustrating various examples of the white light emitting device package according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- 106 illustrates an emission spectrum of the white light emitting device package according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- 107A to 107D are wavelength spectrums showing light emission characteristics of green phosphors employable in the present invention.
- 108A and 108B are wavelength spectrums showing luminescence properties of red phosphors employable in the present invention.
- 109A and 109B are wavelength spectrums showing light emission characteristics of yellow phosphors employable in the present invention.
- 110 and 111 are side cross-sectional views schematically illustrating various examples of a white light source module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 112 and 113 are schematic views illustrating various examples of a light emitting device package according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 114 is a schematic diagram illustrating in detail a process of forming an external lead frame in the light emitting device package of FIG. 112.
- 115 to 117 are graphs showing light emission spectra and excitation spectra as a result of X-ray diffraction analysis of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor prepared according to Example 1.
- FIG. 115 to 117 are graphs showing light emission spectra and excitation spectra as a result of X-ray diffraction analysis of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor prepared according to Example 1.
- 118 and 119 are schematic perspective views illustrating a planar light guide device and a planar light guide plate having a planar light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 120 to 125 are views illustrating a backlight device having a flat light guide plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- first semiconductor layer 180 contact hole
- a semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention will be described in detail through various embodiments, and a light emitting device package and a backlight device using the semiconductor light emitting device will be described.
- 3 and 4 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II ′ of FIG. 3.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 100 may include a conductive substrate 110, a first electrode layer 120, an insulating layer 130, and a second electrode layer 140. ), A second semiconductor layer 150, an active layer 160, and a first semiconductor layer 170, and each of the layers is sequentially stacked.
- the conductive substrate 110 may be formed of a material through which electricity may flow.
- the conductive substrate 110 may be formed of a material including any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs, for example, an alloy form of Si and Al.
- the first electrode layer 120 is stacked on the conductive substrate 110, and the first electrode layer 120 is electrically connected to the conductive substrate 110 and the active layer 160.
- the active layer 160 are preferably made of a material which minimizes contact resistance.
- the first electrode layer 120 is not only stacked on the conductive substrate 110, but as shown in FIG. 4, a portion of the first electrode layer 120 is formed in the insulating layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140. Contacting the first semiconductor layer 170 by extending through the contact hole 180 penetrating through the second semiconductor layer 150 and the active layer 160 and penetrating a predetermined region of the first semiconductor layer 170. Thus, the conductive substrate 110 and the first semiconductor layer 170 are provided to be electrically connected.
- the first electrode layer 120 is electrically connected to the conductive substrate 110 and the first semiconductor layer 170, but by electrically connecting through the contact hole 180, the contact hole 180 In size, more precisely, the first electrode layer 120 and the first semiconductor layer 170 are electrically connected to the contact hole 180 through the contact area 190.
- an insulating layer 120 is provided on the first electrode layer 120 to electrically insulate the first electrode layer 120 from other layers except for the conductive substrate 110 and the first semiconductor layer 170. do. That is, the insulating layer 120 is not only between the first electrode layer 120 and the second electrode layer 140, but also the second electrode layer 140 and the second semiconductor layer (exposed by the contact hole 180). 150 and between side surfaces of the active layer 160 and the first electrode layer 120. In addition, the insulating layer 120 may also be insulated from a side surface of the first semiconductor layer 180 through which the contact hole 180 penetrates.
- the second electrode layer 140 is provided on the insulating layer 120. Of course, as described above, the second electrode layer 140 does not exist in predetermined regions through which the contact hole 180 penetrates.
- the second electrode layer 140 includes at least one or more exposed regions, ie, exposed regions 145, at which a part of an interface contacting the second semiconductor layer 150 is exposed.
- An electrode pad part 147 may be provided on the exposed area 145 to connect an external power source to the second electrode layer 140.
- the second semiconductor layer 150, the active layer 160, and the first semiconductor layer 170, which will be described later, are not provided on the exposed region 145.
- the exposed region 145 may be formed at an edge of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 in order to maximize the light emitting area of the semiconductor light emitting device 100.
- the second electrode layer 140 is preferably made of a material containing Ag, Al, Pt, Ni, Pt, Pd, Au, Ir, transparent conductive oxide, the second electrode layer 140 is the second Since the electrical contact with the second semiconductor layer 150 has the property of minimizing the contact resistance of the second semiconductor layer 150 and at the same time reflects the light generated in the active layer 160 to the outside to increase the luminous efficiency It is because it is preferable to be provided by the layer which has a function which can be provided.
- the second semiconductor layer 150 is provided on the second electrode layer 140, the active layer 160 is provided on the second semiconductor layer 150, and the first semiconductor layer 170 is formed on the second semiconductor layer 150. It is provided on the active layer 160.
- the first semiconductor layer 170 is an n-type nitride semiconductor
- the second semiconductor layer 150 is a p-type nitride semiconductor.
- the active layer 160 may be formed by selecting different materials according to materials forming the first semiconductor layer 170 and the second semiconductor layer 150. That is, since the active layer 160 is a layer in which electrons / electrons change and emit energy due to recombination into light, an energy band gap less than the energy band gaps of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the second semiconductor layer 150. It is preferable to form with a material having
- a passivation layer 191 is disposed on a side surface of a light emitting structure, that is, a structure including a second semiconductor layer 150, an active layer 160, and a first semiconductor layer 170. Is formed, and in that the irregularities are formed on the upper surface of the first semiconductor layer 170, there is a difference from the previous embodiment, the remaining structure is the same.
- the passivation layer 191 is to protect the light emitting structure, in particular, the active layer 160 from the outside, it may be made of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , the thickness is 0.1 About 2 micrometers are preferable.
- the active layer 160 exposed to the outside may act as a current leakage path during the operation of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 ′, and this problem may be prevented by forming the passivation layer 191 on the side of the light emitting structure. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, when irregularities are formed in the passivation layer 191, an improvement in light extraction efficiency may be expected.
- an uneven structure may be formed on the upper surface of the first semiconductor layer 170, whereby the probability that light incident in the direction of the active layer 160 is emitted to the outside may be increased.
- An etch stop layer may be further formed on the second electrode layer 140. The modification of FIG. 8 described above may also be applied to the embodiment of FIG. 9.
- the semiconductor light emitting device proposed by the present invention may be modified in the above structure so that the first electrode layer connected to the contact hole may be exposed to the outside.
- 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 200 according to the present embodiment the second semiconductor layer 250, the active layer 260, and the first semiconductor layer 260 are formed on the conductive substrate 210.
- the second electrode layer 240 may be disposed between the second semiconductor layer 250 and the conductive substrate 210. Unlike the previous embodiment, the second electrode layer 240 is not necessarily required.
- the contact hole 280 having the contact region 290 in contact with the first semiconductor layer 270 is connected to the first electrode layer 220, and the first electrode layer 220 is exposed to the outside. It has an electrical connection 245.
- the electrode pad part 247 may be formed in the electrical connection part 245.
- the first electrode layer 220 may be electrically separated from the active layer 260, the second semiconductor layer 250, the second electrode layer 240, and the conductive substrate 210 by the insulating layer 230.
- the contact hole 280 is electrically separated from the conductive substrate 210 and the first electrode layer 220 connected to the contact hole 280. ) Is exposed to the outside. Accordingly, the conductive substrate 210 is electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer 240 to have a different polarity than in the previous embodiment.
- the semiconductor light emitting device proposed by the present invention simulates the change in electrical characteristics according to the contact area of the first electrode layer and the first semiconductor layer to find the optimal state in the size and shape of the contact hole.
- the following simulation results can be applied to both the structures of FIGS. 3 and 8.
- the first and second semiconductor layers were composed of n-type and p-type semiconductor layers, respectively.
- FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating n-type ohmic contact resistance and p-type ohmic contact resistance of a semiconductor light emitting device having an area of 1000 ⁇ 1000 ⁇ m 2 .
- the n-type specific contact resistance that is, the specific contact resistance of the first electrode layer and the contact hole is 10 ⁇ 4 ohm / cm 2
- the p-type specific contact resistance that is, the second semiconductor layer
- the intrinsic contact resistance in the second electrode layer is 10 ⁇ 2 ohm / cm 2.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 100 is a rectangular chip having a size of 1000000 ⁇ m 2 , that is, a size of 1000 ⁇ m in width and 1000 ⁇ m in length.
- the resistance of the light emitting device 100 is the first electrode layer 120, the second electrode layer 140, the first semiconductor layer 170, the second semiconductor layer 150, the second semiconductor layer 150 and the second
- There may be a contact resistance of the electrode layer 140 hereinafter referred to as a second contact resistance
- a contact resistance of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 hereinafter referred to as a first contact resistance.
- the first contact resistor R1 and the second contact resistor R2 are the resistors showing the most change according to the contact area.
- the first contact resistor R1 shows the most change as the contact area increases, rather than the second contact resistor R2.
- the X axis of FIG. 5 denotes the size of the contact area where the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 contact
- the Y axis denotes the size of the contact resistance, so that the number of the X axis is the first.
- the contact area between the semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 is in contact with each other, and the contact area between the second semiconductor layer 150 and the second electrode layer 140 is in contact with the semiconductor light emitting device 100.
- the value obtained by subtracting the value of the X axis from the total area (1000000 ⁇ m 2 ) becomes the contact area between the second semiconductor layer 150 and the second electrode layer 140 corresponding to the second contact resistance R2.
- the contact area between the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 contacts the first electrode layer 120 through the contact hole 180 as described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the total area of the contact region 190 that is, the area where the first semiconductor layer 170 is in contact with each other, that is, the plurality of contact holes 180 means the sum of the areas of each of the contact regions 190.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the total resistance of the first contact resistance and the second contact resistance according to the contact area between the first semiconductor layer and the first electrode layer.
- the first contact resistor R1 and the second contact resistor R2 of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 are connected in series with each other, so that the first contact resistor
- the total resistance R3 obtained by adding the R1 and the second contact resistance R2 becomes the resistance having the most influence according to the contact area among the resistors of the semiconductor light emitting device 100.
- the n-type and p-type contact resistance is preferably about 1.6 ohm or less when the size of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 is 1000000 ⁇ m 2, so that the contact between the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120.
- the area is preferably about 30000 to 250000 ⁇ m 2 .
- the semiconductor light emitting device 100 of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 is an area where the first electrode layer 120 and the first semiconductor layer 170 contact each other through the contact hole 180. It is most preferable in terms of contact resistance that the total contact area of the contact regions 190 is about 30000 to 250000 ⁇ m 2 .
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing luminous efficiency according to the contact area of the first semiconductor layer and the first electrode layer.
- the contact area between the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 is 30000 to 250000 ⁇ m 2 , so that the total resistance is low, so that the light emitting efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 is high. This may not be considered that the actual light emitting area of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 decreases as the contact area of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 increases.
- the luminous efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 is lowered by the total resistance until the contact area between the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 becomes 70000 ⁇ m 2.
- the luminous efficiency is increased, the luminous efficiency is lowered when the contact area of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 continues to increase to 70000 ⁇ m 2 or more, which is the first semiconductor layer 170.
- An increase in the contact area between the first electrode layer 120 and the first electrode layer 120 means a decrease in the contact area between the second semiconductor layer 150 and the second electrode layer 140, thereby lowering the amount of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 100.
- the contact area of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 is appropriately determined.
- the contact area of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 is shown in FIG. 7.
- the luminous efficiency is preferably 130000 ⁇ m 2 or less to be 90% or more.
- a contact area between the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 is 30000 to 130000 ⁇ m 2 through the contact hole 180.
- the area where the first electrode layer 170 and the semiconductor layer 120 contact each other is the area of the semiconductor light emitting device 100. 3 to 13% of the case indicates the most appropriate contact area.
- the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer (1) per one contact region 190 of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 (although the contact area of 120 increases, the area of the first semiconductor layer 170 to supply current increases, thereby increasing the amount of current to be supplied from the contact area 190, thereby increasing the amount of current.
- the number of contact holes 180 may be appropriately selected according to the size of the semiconductor light emitting device 100, that is, the chip size.
- the number of the contact holes 180 is preferably 5 to 50.
- a plurality of contact holes 180 of the semiconductor light emitting device 100 are provided, and the contact holes 180 may be uniformly disposed. This is because the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 come into contact with each other through the contact holes 180 so that the contact holes 180 are uniformly disposed, that is, the first electrode layer 120 is uniformly distributed. It is preferable that the contact regions 190 of the first semiconductor layer 170 and the first electrode layer 120 are uniformly disposed.
- the separation distance between neighboring contact holes may be 100 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m. In this case, the separation distance is a value measured by connecting center points of neighboring contact holes.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 100 can achieve a uniform current distribution by the plurality of contact holes 180 are uniformly arranged as described above, so that in the case of a semiconductor light emitting device having a size of 1000000 ⁇ m 2 , conventionally Although operating at 350mA, the semiconductor light emitting device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention operates very stable even when a high current of about 2A is applied and current crowding is alleviated to improve reliability. An element is provided.
- the n-type specific contact resistance is 10 ⁇ 6 ohm / cm 2 and the p-type specific contact resistance is 10 ⁇ 2 ohm / cm 2.
- the n-type intrinsic contact resistance is affected by the doping level of the n-type semiconductor layer, the n-type electrode material, their heat treatment method, and the like. Therefore, the n-type intrinsic contact resistance is 10 -6 ohm / cm 2 by increasing the doping concentration of the n-type semiconductor layer or employing a material having a low metal energy barrier such as Al, Ti, Cr, etc. as the n-type electrode material. Can be lowered. That is, the n-type intrinsic contact resistance that is commonly used may be 10 ⁇ 4 to 10 ⁇ 6 ohm / cm 2.
- the sum of the n-type and p-type intrinsic contact resistances that is, the total contact resistance R4 can be maintained at a very low level even at a small contact area when compared with the result of FIG. 6.
- the light efficiency according to the contact area may be compared with the result of FIG. 7, whereby a high level may be maintained even at a small contact area. In this case, the light efficiency is greater than 100% in FIG. 7. Relative values for the results are shown. Referring to the simulation results of FIGS.
- the total contact resistance is 1.6 ohm or less, and the condition that the light efficiency is 90% or more is such that the first electrode layer and the semiconductor layer are in contact with each 1000000 ⁇ m 2 of the semiconductor light emitting device. It can be seen that the area is 6150 to 156800 ⁇ m 2 .
- the contents described in the previous simulation results can be applied. Specifically, in the case of a circular contact hole having a radius of about 1 to 50 ⁇ m, about 1 to 48,000 pieces are required to satisfy the area condition as described above. Furthermore, assuming that the contact holes are uniformly arranged, the distance between two adjacent contact holes needs to satisfy about 5 to 500 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 12 to 16 First, a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 16.
- the conductive substrate 340, the first conductive semiconductor layer 330, the active layer 320, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 are sequentially stacked. It is formed.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 300 according to the present embodiment includes a first electrode layer 360 formed between the conductive substrate 340 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 330; And a second electrode part including an electrode pad part 350-b, an electrode extension part 350-a, and an electrode connection part 350-c.
- the electrode pad part 350-b extends from the first electrode layer 360 to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, and has a first electrode layer 360, a first conductive semiconductor layer 330, and an active layer. And electrically isolated from 320.
- the electrode extension part 350-a extends from the first electrode layer 360 to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, and has a first electrode layer 360, a first conductive semiconductor layer 330, and an active layer ( And electrically separated from it.
- the electrode connection part 350-c is formed on the same layer as the first electrode layer but is electrically separated from the first electrode layer 360.
- the electrode pad part 350-b and the electrode extension part 350-a are separated from each other. ) Function.
- the conductive substrate 340 may be a metallic substrate or a semiconductor substrate.
- the conductive substrate 340 may be made of any one of Au, Ni, Cu, and W.
- the semiconductor substrate may be any one of Si, Ge, and GaAs.
- a plating method of forming a plating seed layer to form a substrate, or separately preparing a conductive substrate 340 and using a conductive adhesive such as Au, Au-Sn, or Pb-Sr And a substrate bonding method for bonding together may be used.
- Each of the semiconductor layers 330 and 310 may be formed of, for example, an inorganic semiconductor such as a GaN based semiconductor, a ZnO based semiconductor, a GaAs based semiconductor, a GaP based semiconductor, and a GaAsP based semiconductor.
- the formation of the semiconductor layer may be performed using, for example, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method.
- the semiconductor layers may be appropriately selected from the group consisting of a group III-V semiconductor, a group II-VI semiconductor, and Si.
- the active layer 320 is a layer that activates light emission and is formed using a material having an energy band gap less than that of the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 310.
- the active layer is formed using an InAlGaN-based compound semiconductor having an energy band gap smaller than that of GaN. 320 may be formed. That is, the active layer 320 may be In x Al y Ga (1-xy) N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1).
- the impurities are not doped due to the characteristics of the active layer 320, and the wavelength of light emitted by controlling the molar ratio of the constituent material may be adjusted. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device 300 may emit light of any one of infrared rays, visible rays, and ultraviolet rays according to the characteristics of the active layer 320.
- an energy well structure appears in the entire energy band diagram of the semiconductor light emitting device 300, and electrons and holes from each of the semiconductor layers 330 and 310 move and become trapped in the energy well structure. More efficiently.
- the first electrode layer 360 is an electrode that electrically connects the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 to an external power source (not shown).
- the first electrode layer 360 may be made of metal.
- the first electrode layer 360 may be formed of, for example, Ti as an n-type electrode and Pd or Au as a p-type electrode.
- the first electrode layer 360 preferably reflects light generated from the active layer. The reflected light is directed to the light emitting surface, and the light emitting efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device is increased.
- the first electrode layer 360 is preferably a white-based metal in the visible light region.
- the first electrode layer 360 may be any one of Ag, Al, and Pt. The first electrode layer 360 will be further described below with reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C.
- the second electrode unit 350 is an electrode that electrically connects the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 to an external power source (not shown).
- the second electrode unit 350 may be made of metal.
- the second electrode unit 350 may be formed of Ti as an n-type electrode and Pd or Au as a p-type electrode.
- the second electrode unit 350 according to the present invention includes an electrode pad unit 350-b, an electrode extension unit 350-a, and an electrode connection unit 350-c.
- an electrode pad part 350-b is formed on a surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, and the plurality of electrode extension parts 350-a, which are indicated by dotted lines, are formed of the second conductive type. It is shown that it is located inside the semiconductor layer 310.
- FIG. 13B illustrates that the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 shown in FIG. 13A is cut along A-A ', B-B', and C-C '.
- A-A ' is a cross section including only the electrode extension part 350-a
- B-B' is a cross section including the electrode pad part 350-b and the electrode extension part 350-a
- C- C ' was selected to take a cross section not including the electrode extension portion 350-a and the electrode pad portion 350-b.
- 14A to 14C are cross-sectional views taken along line A-A ', B-B', and C-C 'of the semiconductor light emitting device shown in FIG. 13B, respectively.
- FIGS. 12, 13A, 13B, and 14A to 14C will be given with reference to FIGS. 12, 13A, 13B, and 14A to 14C.
- the electrode extension part 350-a extends from the first electrode layer 360 to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode extension part 350-a extends through the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 and the active layer 320 to the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, and at least of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310. Although extended to a part, it does not need to extend to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 like the electrode pad portion 350-b. This is because the electrode extension part 350-a is for distributing a current to the second conductive semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode extension part 350-a Since the electrode extension part 350-a is to disperse current in the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, the electrode extension part 350-a should have a predetermined area. However, since it is not for electrical connection like the electrode pad part 350-b, it is preferable that a predetermined number is formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 with as small an area as possible to distribute the current uniformly. If the electrode extension portion 350-a is formed in too small number, current dispersion becomes difficult, and the electrical characteristics may deteriorate. If formed in too many numbers, the emission area may be reduced due to difficulty in forming process and reduction of active layer. Can be appropriately selected in consideration of these conditions. Therefore, the electrode extension part 350-a is implemented in a shape in which current distribution is effective while occupying as little area as possible.
- the electrode extension part 350-a is preferably plural for current dispersion.
- the electrode extension part 350-a may have a cylindrical shape, and an area thereof is preferably smaller than that of the electrode pad part 350-b.
- the electrode pad part 350-b is preferably formed to be spaced apart from the predetermined distance. Since the electrode pad part 350-c to be described later may be connected to each other on the first electrode layer 360, the current is uniformly spaced apart from the predetermined distance. This is because
- the electrode extension part 350-a is formed from the first electrode layer 360 to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode extension part 350-a may be electrically separated from other layers because it is for current distribution of the second conductive semiconductor layer. There is a need. Therefore, the first electrode layer 360, the first conductive semiconductor layer 330, and the active layer 320 may be electrically separated from each other. Electrical separation can be performed using an insulating material, such as a dielectric.
- the electrode pad part 350-b extends from the first electrode layer 360 to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode pad part 350-b starts from the first electrode layer 360, passes through the first conductive semiconductor layer 330, the active layer 320, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 to form the second conductive type. It extends to the surface of the semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode pad part 350-b is particularly for connection with an external power source (not shown) of the second electrode part 350, the second electrode part 350 may include at least one electrode pad part 350-b. It is preferable to have a.
- the electrode pad part 350-b extends from the first electrode layer 360 to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310. Since the electrode pad part 350-b is electrically connected to an external power source on the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 to supply current to the electrode extension part, the first electrode layer 360 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 and the active layer 320 are preferably electrically separated. Electrical separation may be performed by forming an insulating layer using an insulating material such as a dielectric.
- the electrode pad part 350-b performs a function of supplying current to the electrode extension part 350-a, but in addition, the electrode pad part 350-b is not electrically separated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 so as to directly disperse the current. .
- the electrode pad part 350-b has a second conductivity type in consideration of a function required to supply current to the electrode extension part 350-a and a function of distributing current to the second conductive type semiconductor layer 310.
- the semiconductor layer 310 may be properly electrically separated from the semiconductor layer 310.
- the electrode pad portion 350-b preferably has an area of a cross section in the active layer 320 smaller than an area of a cross section in the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310. This is to ensure maximum luminous efficiency.
- the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 needs to have a predetermined area for connection with an external power source (not shown).
- the electrode pad part 350-b may be positioned at the center of the semiconductor light emitting device 300.
- the electrode extension part 350-a may be evenly spaced apart from the electrode pad part 350-b as much as possible. It is preferable to be distributed.
- the electrode pad part 350-b and the electrode extension part 350-a are uniformly distributed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 to optimize current distribution.
- one electrode pad unit 350-b is provided and 12 electrode extension units 350-a are illustrated.
- each number represents an electrical connection situation (for example, the position of an external power source).
- a current distribution situation such as a thickness of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, and the like.
- both the electrode pad part 350-b and the plurality of electrode extension parts 350-a may be directly connected.
- the electrode pad part 350-2 is formed at the center of the semiconductor light emitting device 300
- the electrode extension part 350-a is positioned around the electrode pad part
- the electrode connecting part 350-c is radially formed.
- 350-b) and the electrode extension part 350-a may be directly connected.
- some of the electrode extension parts 350-a of the plurality of electrode extension parts 350-a are directly connected to the electrode pad part 350-b, and the remaining electrode extension parts 350-a are the electrode pad parts.
- the electrode extension part 350-a directly connected to the 350-b may be indirectly connected to the electrode pad part 350-b. In this case, a larger number of electrode extension portions 350-a can be formed, thereby improving the efficiency of current dispersion.
- an electrode connector 350-c is formed on the first electrode layer 360 to connect the electrode pad part 350-b and the electrode extension part 350-a. Therefore, a substantial portion of the second electrode unit 350 is located on the rear surface opposite to the light traveling direction of the active layer 320 emitting light, thereby increasing the luminous efficiency.
- the electrode connection part 350-c is positioned on the first electrode layer 360 so that the second electrode part 350 is formed of the first conductive semiconductor layer 330, the active layer 320, and the second electrode. The state is not positioned on the conductive semiconductor layer 310. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 14C, the electrode pad part 350-b and the electrode extension part 350-a do not affect the light emission, thereby increasing the luminous efficiency.
- the first electrode layer 360 may be in contact with the conductive substrate 340 to be connected to an external power source (not shown).
- the electrode connector 350-c is electrically separated from the first electrode layer 360. Since the first electrode layer 360 and the second electrode unit 350 are electrodes having opposite polarities to each other, external power is supplied to the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, respectively. Both electrodes must be electrically isolated. Electrical separation can be performed using an insulating material, such as a dielectric.
- the electrode pad part 350-b is positioned on the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 to exhibit characteristics of the vertical semiconductor light emitting device.
- the electrode connection part 350-c may be formed. Since it is located on the same plane as the first electrode layer 360, it can exhibit the characteristics of the horizontal semiconductor light emitting device. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device 300 has a structure in which a horizontal type and a vertical type are integrated.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer may be an n-type semiconductor layer, and the second electrode portion may be an n-type electrode portion.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 330 may be a p-type semiconductor layer
- the first electrode layer 360 may be a p-type electrode.
- the electrode pad part 350-b, the electrode extending part 350-a, and the electrode connecting part 350-c are second electrode parts 350 connected to each other, and the second electrode part 350 is an n-type electrode.
- the insulating part 370 may be formed using an insulating material to be electrically separated from the first electrode layer 360, which is a p-type electrode.
- FIG. 15A is a view showing light emission of a semiconductor light emitting device having a concave-convex pattern 380 formed on a surface according to a modification of the present embodiment
- FIG. 15B is a semiconductor in which a concave-convex pattern 380 is formed on a surface according to another modified embodiment of the present embodiment. It is a figure which shows current dispersion in a light emitting element.
- the outermost surface in the traveling direction of the emitted light includes the second conductive semiconductor layer 310. Therefore, it is easy to form an uneven
- the uneven pattern 380 may have a photonic crystal structure.
- Photonic crystals indicate that the media having different refractive indices are regularly arranged like crystals. Such photonic crystals can further adjust the light extraction effect by controlling light in units of lengths of multiples of the wavelength of light.
- the photonic crystal structure may be performed through a predetermined suitable process after forming the second conductive semiconductor layer 310 and fabricating up to the second electrode unit 350. For example, it may be formed by an etching process.
- the uneven pattern 380 is formed in the second conductive semiconductor layer 310, current dispersion is not affected.
- the current dispersion in the electrode extension part 350-a is not affected by the uneven pattern 380.
- Each electrode extension portion 350-a distributes current under the uneven pattern, and the uneven pattern extracts emitted light to increase luminous efficiency.
- 16 is a graph showing a relationship between the current density of the light emitting surface and the light emitting efficiency.
- the current density is about 10 A / cm 2 or more
- the light emission efficiency is high when the current density is small, and the light emission efficiency is low when the current density is large.
- the reduction of the current density in the light emitting surface has a problem that may damage the electrical characteristics of the semiconductor light emitting device.
- the problem in electrical characteristics that may occur due to the decrease in current density may be overcome by a method of forming an electrode extension part which is formed in the light emitting surface and is responsible for current dispersion. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention can obtain the desired light emitting area while obtaining the desired current dispersion degree, thereby obtaining a desirable light emitting efficiency.
- FIGS. 17 through 20 A semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 through 20.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 18A and 18B are top views of the light emitting device of FIG. 17
- FIGS. 19A to 19C are views of A of the light emitting device shown in FIG. 18B, respectively. It is sectional drawing in -A ', B-B', and C-C '.
- the light emitting device 400 includes the first and second conductive semiconductor layers 430 and 410 and the active layer 420 formed therebetween, and the first and second conductive semiconductors.
- Light emitting stacks 430, 420, 410 provided as layers 430, 410 and having opposite first and second sides; At least extending from the second surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, 410 to at least a portion of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 so that the light emitting stacks 430, 420, 410 are separated into a plurality of light emitting regions.
- the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 include first and second conductive semiconductor layers 430 and 410, and an active layer 420 formed therebetween.
- the light emitting stacks 4430, 420, and 410 have an outer surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 as a first surface, and an outer surface of the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 as a second surface.
- Each of the semiconductor layers 430 and 410 may be formed of a semiconductor such as, for example, a GaN based semiconductor, a ZnO based semiconductor, a GaAs based semiconductor, a GaP based semiconductor, or a GaAsP based semiconductor.
- the formation of the semiconductor layer may be performed using, for example, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method.
- the semiconductor layers may be appropriately selected from the group consisting of a group III-V semiconductor, a group II-VI semiconductor, and Si.
- the light emitting stack may be grown on a nonconductive substrate (not shown) such as a sapphire substrate having a relatively low lattice mismatch. The non-conductive substrate (not shown) is later removed before the conductive substrate bonding.
- the active layer 420 is a layer for activating light emission and is formed using a material having an energy band gap less than that of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 430.
- the active layer is formed using an InAlGaN-based compound semiconductor having an energy band gap smaller than that of GaN. 420 may be formed. That is, the active layer 420 may include In x Al y Ga (1-xy) N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1).
- the impurities are not doped due to the characteristics of the active layer 420, and the wavelength of light emitted by controlling the molar ratio of the constituent material may be adjusted. Therefore, the light emitting device 400 may emit light of any one of infrared rays, visible rays, and ultraviolet rays according to the characteristics of the active layer 420.
- an energy well structure appears in the overall energy band diagram of the light emitting device 400, and electrons and holes from each of the semiconductor layers 430 and 410 move, trapping the energy well structure, and emitting light more. It occurs efficiently.
- the partition portion 470 may be formed of at least a second conductive semiconductor layer 410 from the second surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 so that the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 are separated into a plurality of light emitting regions. It extends to some areas.
- the partition 470 separates the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 into a plurality of regions to form a growth substrate formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 (not shown). In the case of applying a separation means such as a laser between the), the stress due to the thermal energy applied to the interface is reduced.
- the temperature at the interface is about 1000 ° C.
- stresses that induce shrinkage and expansion in the semiconductor layer and the conductive substrate 450 to be bonded later.
- the magnitude of the stress is proportional to the area, such a stress may have a particularly adverse effect in a large area light emitting device.
- the light emitting device 400 since the light emitting device 400 according to the present exemplary embodiment includes the partition wall portion 470, the area of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 may be reduced by the area of the plurality of light emitting regions, thereby reducing stress. That is, expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of light emitting regions may be more easily performed to stabilize light emission of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410.
- the partition wall portion 470 electrically insulates the semiconductor layers 430 and 410 and the active layer 420 from which the partition wall portion may be filled with air.
- the partition 470 may form an insulating layer on the inner surface, and the inside of the insulating layer may be filled with air.
- electrical insulation may be performed by filling the entire interior with an insulating material such as a dielectric.
- the partition 470 may extend from the second surface to the top surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 in order to electrically insulate the light emitting stacks 430 and 410, but the second conductive semiconductor layer must be formed. It is not necessary to extend to the upper surface of the 410, it may extend to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410.
- the partition wall portion 470 may be configured as a single structure, but may alternatively include a plurality of partition walls separated from each other.
- the plurality of partition walls may be formed differently so as to provide the necessary electrical insulation characteristics.
- the partition walls surrounding the bonding portion 461 and the partition walls surrounding the contact hole 462 may be different from each other. It may have a height or shape.
- the second electrode structure 460 is formed to be connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 located in the plurality of light emitting regions separated by the partition 470.
- the second electrode structure 460 includes a contact hole 462, a bonding part 461, and a wiring part 463.
- a plurality of contact holes 462 may be provided, and each of the plurality of contact holes 462 may be provided in each of the plurality of light emitting regions.
- the contact hole 462 may be provided with a single contact hole in a single light emitting area or a plurality of contact holes in a single light emitting area.
- the contact hole 462 is formed to be electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and to be electrically insulated from the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 and the active layer 420. And extend from at least a portion of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to the second surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 420 and 410.
- the contact hole 462 is formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to disperse current.
- the bonding part 461 is formed to be connected to at least one of the plurality of contact holes 462 from the first surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410, and an area exposed to the first surface is provided as a bonding area. .
- the wiring part 463 is provided on the second surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 and is electrically insulated from at least the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 and connected to the bonding part 461. ) And the other contact hole 462 are electrically connected to each other.
- the wiring unit 463 may electrically connect the contact hole 462 and the other contact hole 462, and may also connect the contact hole 462 and the bonding unit 461.
- the wiring part 463 may be disposed under the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and the active layer to improve luminous efficiency.
- the first electrode structure 440 is formed on the second surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 to be electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 430. That is, the first electrode structure 440 is an electrode that electrically connects the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 to an external power source (not shown).
- the first electrode structure 440 may be made of metal.
- the first electrode structure 440 may be formed of, for example, Ti as an n-type electrode and Pd or Au as a p-type electrode.
- the first electrode structure 440 preferably reflects light generated from the active layer 420. Since the first electrode structure 440 is positioned below the active layer 420, the first electrode structure 440 is located on the opposite side to the light emitting direction of the light emitting device based on the active layer 420. Therefore, the light traveling from the active layer 420 to the first electrode structure 440 is in the opposite direction to the light emitting direction, and thus light must be reflected to increase the light emitting efficiency. Therefore, the light reflected from the first electrode structure 440 is directed toward the light emitting surface, and the light emitting efficiency of the light emitting device is increased.
- the first electrode structure 440 is preferably a white-based metal in the visible light region.
- the first electrode structure 420 may be any one of Ag, Al, and Pt.
- the first electrode structure 440 will be further described below with reference to FIGS. 19A to 19C.
- the conductive substrate 450 is formed on the second surface of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410 to be electrically connected to the first electrode structure 440.
- the conductive substrate 450 may be a metallic substrate or a semiconductor substrate.
- the conductive substrate 450 may be formed of any one of Au, Ni, Cu, and W.
- the conductive substrate 450 is a semiconductor substrate, it may be a semiconductor substrate of any one of Si, Ge, and GaAs.
- a plating method of forming a plating seed layer to form a substrate or separately preparing a conductive substrate 450 and using a conductive adhesive such as Au, Au-Sn, or Pb-Sr Substrate joining can be used.
- a bonding portion 461 is formed on a surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, and the plurality of contact holes 462, which are indicated by dotted lines, of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410. It is located inside.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 includes a plurality of light emitting regions separated from each other by the partition 470.
- 18A and 18B only one bonding unit 461 is illustrated, but a plurality of bonding units 461 may be formed in the same emission area, or a plurality of bonding areas 461 may be formed in each of the plurality of emission areas.
- one contact hole 462 is formed in each light emitting area, a plurality of contact holes 462 may be formed in a single light emitting area to further improve current dispersion.
- FIG. 18B illustrates the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 shown in FIG. 18A cut into A-A ', B-B', and C-C '.
- A-A ' is a cross section including only the contact hole 462
- B-B' is a cross section including the bonding portion 461 and the contact hole 462
- C-C ' is a contact hole 462 And not including the bonding portion 461, but to take a cross section including only the wiring portion 463.
- 19A to 19C are cross-sectional views taken along line A-A ', B-B', and C-C 'of the light emitting device shown in Fig. 18B, respectively.
- a description will be given with reference to FIGS. 17, 18A, 18B, and 19A to 19C.
- the contact hole 462 extends from the first electrode structure 440 to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410.
- the contact hole 462 extends through the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 and the active layer 420 to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, and extends to at least a portion of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410. However, it does not need to extend to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 like the bonding portion 461. However, since the contact hole 462 is for distributing current to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, the contact hole 462 should extend to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410.
- the contact hole 462 Since the contact hole 462 is for distributing the current to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, it must have a predetermined area. However, since it is not for electrical connection like the bonding portion 461, it is preferable that a predetermined number is formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 with as small an area as possible to distribute the current uniformly. If the contact holes 462 are formed in too small a number, current dispersion becomes difficult, so that the electrical characteristics may be deteriorated. If the contact holes 462 are formed in a too small number, the light emitting area may be reduced due to difficulty in forming and reduction of the active layer. It may be appropriately selected in consideration of these conditions. Accordingly, the contact hole 462 is implemented in a shape in which current distribution is effective while occupying as little area as possible.
- the contact hole 462 is preferably plural for current distribution.
- the contact hole 462 may have a cylindrical shape, and the area of the cross section may be smaller than the area of the cross section of the bonding portion 461.
- the bonding portion 461 may be formed to be spaced apart from the bonding portion 461.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer may be spaced apart from the bonding portion 461 by a wiring portion 463 to be connected to each other on the first electrode structure 440. This is because uniform current distribution must be induced within 410.
- the contact hole 462 is formed from the first electrode structure 440 to the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410.
- the contact hole 462 is for current distribution of the second conductive semiconductor layer, and thus the first conductive semiconductor layer 430 and It needs to be electrically separated from the active layer 420. Therefore, the first electrode structure 440, the first conductive semiconductor layer 430, and the active layer 420 may be electrically separated from each other. Electrical separation can be performed using an insulating material, such as a dielectric.
- the bonding portion 461 starts with the first electrode structure 440 and passes through the first conductive semiconductor layer 430, the active layer 420, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to form a second portion. It extends to the surface of the conductive semiconductor layer 410. It is formed to be connected to at least one of the plurality of contact holes 462 from the first surfaces of the light emitting stacks 430, 420, and 410, and an area exposed to the first surface is provided as a bonding region.
- the bonding part 461 is particularly for connection with an external power source (not shown) of the second electrode structure 460
- the second electrode structure 460 preferably includes at least one bonding part 461. .
- the bonding portion 461 is electrically connected to an external power source on the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to supply a current to the contact hole, the first electrode structure 440 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 are provided. , And are electrically isolated from the active layer 420. Electrical separation may be performed by forming an insulating layer using an insulating material such as a dielectric.
- the bonding unit 461 may perform a function of supplying a current to the contact hole 462, but may be configured to not be electrically separated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to directly distribute current.
- the bonding unit 461 may include the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 in consideration of a function required to supply current to the contact hole 462 and a function of distributing current to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410. It can be suitably electrically separated.
- the bonding portion 461 preferably has a cross-sectional area of the active layer 420 smaller than that of the cross-section of the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410. This is to increase the luminous efficiency.
- the bonding portion 461 preferably has a predetermined area on the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 for connection with an external power source (not shown).
- the bonding part 461 may be positioned at the center of the light emitting device 400.
- the contact hole 462 may be evenly distributed and spaced apart from the bonding part 461 as much as possible.
- the bonding portion 461 and the contact hole 462 are evenly distributed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 to optimize current distribution.
- FIG. 18A a case is illustrated in which one bonding portion 461 is one and eight contact holes 462 are shown.
- each of the numbers is an electrical connection state (for example, an external power source) and a second conductive semiconductor. It may be appropriately selected in consideration of the current distribution situation, such as the thickness of the layer 410.
- both the bonding portion 461 and the plurality of contact holes 462 may be directly connected.
- a bonding portion 461 is formed at the center of the light emitting device 400, and a contact hole 462 is disposed around the wiring portion 463, and the wiring portion 463 radially directly connects the bonding portion 461 and the contact hole 462. Can be connected.
- the bonding unit 461 may be indirectly connected. In this case, a larger number of contact holes 462 can be formed, thereby improving the efficiency of current dispersion.
- the wiring part 463 is formed on the first electrode structure 440 to connect the bonding part 461 and the contact hole 462. Therefore, a substantial portion of the first electrode structure 440 is located at the rear surface opposite to the light traveling direction of the active layer 420 emitting the light, thereby increasing the luminous efficiency.
- the wiring portion 463 is disposed on the first electrode structure 440, and the second electrode structure 460 is the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, the active layer 420, and the second conductive type. It is a state not located on the semiconductor layer 410. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 19C, the bonding portion 461 and the contact hole 462 do not affect the light emission, and thus the light emission efficiency is increased.
- the wiring portion 463 is electrically separated from the first electrode structure 440.
- the second electrode structure 460 and the first electrode structure 440 are electrodes having opposite polarities, so that external power is supplied to the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 430, respectively. Therefore, both electrodes must be electrically separated. Electrical separation may be performed by forming the insulating layer 480 using an insulating material such as a dielectric.
- the bonding portion 461 since the bonding portion 461 is positioned on the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410, the characteristics of the vertical light emitting device may be exhibited.
- the wiring portion 463 may have the first electrode structure 440. Because it is located in the same plane as can represent the characteristics of the horizontal light emitting device. Therefore, the light emitting device 400 has a structure in which a horizontal type and a vertical type are integrated.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer may be a p-type semiconductor layer, and the first electrode structure may be a p-type electrode portion.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 may be an n-type semiconductor layer
- the second electrode structure 460 may be an n-type electrode.
- the bonding part 461, the contact hole 462, and the wiring part 463 are second electrode structures 460 connected to each other.
- an insulating material is used.
- the insulating layer 480 may be formed to be electrically separated from the first electrode structure 440 which is a p-type electrode.
- the outermost surface in the traveling direction of the emitted light includes the second conductive semiconductor layer 410. Therefore, it is easy to form an uneven
- the uneven pattern 490 may have a photonic crystal structure.
- Photonic crystals indicate that the media having different refractive indices are regularly arranged like crystals. Such photonic crystals can further adjust the light extraction effect by controlling light in units of lengths of multiples of the wavelength of light.
- the photonic crystal structure may be performed through any suitable process after forming the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 and manufacturing the first electrode structure 460. For example, it may be formed by an etching process.
- the barrier rib portion 470 is preferably not formed to the surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 410 but only to the inside thereof.
- the partition 470 serves to separate the light emitting area into a plurality of parts without adversely affecting the light extraction efficiency improvement performance of the uneven pattern 490.
- FIGS. 21 through 25 A semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 through 25.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 22 is a plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 21.
- a description with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22 is as follows.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 500 may include a first conductive semiconductor layer 511, an active layer 512, a second conductive semiconductor layer 513, a second electrode layer 520, and a first insulating layer 530. ), The first electrode layer 540 and the conductive substrate 550 are sequentially stacked.
- the second electrode layer 520 includes a region where a part of the interface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 is exposed, and the first electrode layer 540 is electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the contact hole 541 is further included.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 500 Since the light emission of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 is performed in the first conductive semiconductor layer 511, the active layer 512, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 513, these are referred to as light emitting stacks 510. That is, the semiconductor light emitting device 500 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 540 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 which are electrically connected to the light emitting stack 510 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the second electrode layer 520 and the first insulating layer 530 for electrically insulating the electrode layers 520 and 540 are included.
- the substrate for growing or supporting the semiconductor light emitting device 500 includes a conductive substrate 550.
- the semiconductor layers 511 and 513 may include, for example, semiconductors such as GaN-based semiconductors, ZnO-based semiconductors, GaAs-based semiconductors, GaP-based semiconductors, and GaAsP-based semiconductors.
- the formation of the semiconductor layer may be performed using, for example, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method.
- the semiconductor layers may be appropriately selected from the group consisting of a group III-V semiconductor, a group II-VI semiconductor, and Si.
- the semiconductor layers 511 and 513 are doped with an appropriate impurity in consideration of the respective conductivity type to the semiconductor described above.
- the active layer 512 is a layer that activates light emission and is formed using a material having an energy band gap less than that of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 513.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 are GaN-based compound semiconductors
- an InAlGaN-based compound semiconductor having an energy band gap smaller than that of GaN may be used.
- the active layer 512 may be formed. That is, the active layer 512 may include In x Al y Ga (1-xy) N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1).
- the impurities are not doped due to the characteristics of the active layer 512, and the wavelength of light emitted by controlling the molar ratio of the constituent material may be adjusted. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device 500 may emit light of any one of infrared rays, visible rays, and ultraviolet rays according to the characteristics of the active layer 512.
- the electrode layers 520 and 540 are layers for applying a voltage to the same conductive semiconductor layer, respectively, and may include metal in consideration of electrical conductivity. That is, the electrode layers 520 and 540 are electrodes that electrically connect the semiconductor layers 511 and 513 to an external power source (not shown).
- the electrode layers 520 and 540 may include, for example, Ti as an n-type electrode and Pd or Au as a p-type electrode.
- the first insulating layer 540 is connected to different conductive types.
- the layers 530 are electrically separated from each other. Since the first insulating layer 530 is preferably made of a material having low electrical conductivity, the first insulating layer 530 may include an oxide such as SiO 2 .
- the second electrode layer 520 preferably reflects light generated from the active layer 512. Since the second electrode layer 520 is located under the active layer 512, the second electrode layer 520 is located on the opposite side to the light emitting direction of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 based on the active layer 512. The light emitting efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 traveling from the active layer 512 to the second electrode layer 520 is opposite to that of the semiconductor light emitting device 500, and the light traveling toward the second electrode layer 520 is reflected. Therefore, when the second electrode layer 520 exhibits light reflectivity, the reflected light is directed toward the light emitting surface, and the light emitting efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 is increased.
- the second electrode layer 520 is preferably a white-based metal in the visible light region.
- the second electrode layer 520 may be any one of Ag, Al, and Pt.
- the second electrode layer 520 includes a region where part of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 is exposed.
- the lower surface is in contact with the conductive substrate 550, and is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown) through the conductive substrate 550.
- the second electrode layer 520 needs a separate connection area to be connected to an external power source (not shown). Therefore, the second electrode layer 520 has a portion of the light emitting stack 510 exposed by etching or the like.
- FIG. 21 an embodiment of the via hole 514 formed by etching the center of the light emitting stack 510 for the exposed region of the second electrode layer 520 is illustrated.
- the electrode pad part 560 may be further formed on the exposed area of the second electrode layer 520.
- the second electrode layer 520 may be electrically connected to an external power source (not shown) through the exposed area.
- the second electrode layer 520 is connected using the electrode pad part 560. Since the connection to the external power source (not shown) may use a wire, for example, the diameter of the via hole is preferably increased in the direction of the first conductive semiconductor layer from the second electrode layer.
- the via hole 514 may be etched only through the light emitting stack 510 including the semiconductor, and the second electrode layer 520 including the metal may be selectively etched so as not to etch.
- the diameter of the via hole 514 may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in consideration of light emitting area, electrical connection efficiency, and current dispersion in the second electrode layer 520.
- the first electrode layer 540 is electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 511, is electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 and the active layer 512, and is formed of the first conductive semiconductor layer ( One or more contact holes 541 extending to at least a portion of the region 511.
- the first electrode layer 540 is a second electrode layer between the first electrode layer 540 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 to be connected to an external power source (not shown) of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the first electrode layer 540 includes only one contact hole 541.
- the first electrode layer 540 may include a plurality of contact holes 541 at predetermined positions to uniformly distribute currents transmitted to the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the conductive substrate 550 is formed in contact with the second electrode layer 520 and electrically connected thereto.
- the conductive substrate 550 may be a metallic substrate or a semiconductor substrate.
- the conductive substrate 550 may be made of any one of Au, Ni, Cu, and W.
- the conductive substrate 550 is a semiconductor substrate, it may be a semiconductor substrate of any one of Si, Ge, and GaAs.
- These conductive substrates 550 may be growth substrates, or may be a support substrate bonded after removing a non-conductive substrate after using a non-conductive substrate such as a sapphire substrate having a relatively low lattice mismatch as a growth substrate.
- the conductive substrate 550 When the conductive substrate 550 is a support substrate, it may be formed using a plating method or a substrate bonding method.
- a method of forming the conductive substrate 550 in the semiconductor light emitting device 500 may be performed by forming a plating seed layer to form a substrate, or by separately preparing the conductive substrate 550 to form Au, Au-Sn, or the like.
- Substrate bonding methods that bond using a conductive adhesive such as Pb-Sr may be used.
- a plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 is illustrated.
- the via hole 514 is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor light emitting device 500, and the electrode pad part 560 is positioned in the exposed area formed in the second electrode layer 520.
- the contact hole 541 is illustrated by a dotted line to indicate the position of the contact hole 541.
- the first insulating layer 530 may extend around the contact hole 541 to be electrically separated from the second electrode layer 520, the second conductive semiconductor layer 513, and the active layer 512. This will be described later with reference to FIGS. 23B and 23C.
- A-A ' is a cross section of the semiconductor light emitting device 500
- B-B' is a cross section including a contact hole 541 and a via hole 514
- C-C ' is a cross section including only a contact hole 541.
- the contact hole 541 or the via hole 514 does not appear. Since the contact hole 541 is not connected through a separate connection line but electrically connected through the first electrode layer 540, it is not shown in the A-A cross section of FIG. 23.
- the contact hole 541 extends from the interface of the first electrode layer 540 and the second electrode layer 520 to the inside of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the contact hole 541 extends through the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 and the active layer 512 to the first conductive semiconductor layer 511, and at least the active layer 512 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 511. ) Extends to the interface. Preferably, it extends to a part of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the contact hole 530 is for electrical connection and current distribution, the contact hole 530 does not need to extend to the outer surface of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 because the contact hole 530 serves the purpose of contact with the first conductive semiconductor layer 5111. .
- the contact hole 541 is to disperse the current in the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 and thus has a predetermined area.
- the number of contact holes 530 is preferably formed on the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 in a small number as small as possible so that current can be uniformly distributed. If the contact holes 541 are formed in too small a number, current dispersion becomes difficult, so that the electrical characteristics may deteriorate. If the contact holes 541 are formed in a too small number, the light emitting area may be reduced due to difficulty in forming and reduction of the active layer. In consideration of these conditions, the number may be appropriately selected. Therefore, the contact hole 541 is implemented in a shape in which current distribution is effective while occupying as little area as possible.
- the contact hole 541 is formed from the second electrode layer 520 to the inside of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511.
- the contact hole 541 is used for current dispersion of the first conductive semiconductor layer, and thus the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 and the active layer are formed.
- 512 needs to be electrically separated. Therefore, the second electrode layer 520, the second conductive semiconductor layer 513, and the active layer 512 may be electrically separated from each other. Therefore, the first insulating layer 530 may extend while surrounding the circumference of the contact hole 530. Electrical separation can be performed using an insulating material, such as a dielectric.
- the exposed area of the second electrode layer 520 is an area for electrical connection with an external power source (not shown) of the second electrode layer 520.
- the electrode pad part 560 may be located in the exposed area.
- a second insulating layer 570 may be formed on the inner surface of the via hole 514 to electrically separate the light emitting stack 510 and the electrode pad part 560.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 500 since the first electrode layer 540 and the second electrode layer 520 are disposed on the same plane, the semiconductor light emitting device 500 exhibits characteristics of the horizontal semiconductor light emitting device 500. Since the 560 is located on the surface of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511, the semiconductor light emitting device 500 may exhibit characteristics of the vertical semiconductor light emitting device. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device 500 has a structure in which a horizontal type and a vertical type are integrated.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 may be an n-type semiconductor layer
- the first electrode layer 540 may be an n-type electrode
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 may be a p-type semiconductor layer
- the second electrode layer 520 may be a p-type electrode.
- the second electrode layer 520, which is a p-type electrode may be electrically insulated with a first insulating layer 530 therebetween.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing light emission in a semiconductor light emitting element having a concave-convex pattern formed on its surface according to the present embodiment. Description of the same components already described will be omitted.
- the outermost surface in the traveling direction of the emitted light is composed of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511. Therefore, it is easy to form the uneven pattern 580 on the surface by using a known method such as a photolithography method. In this case, the light emitted from the active layer 512 is extracted through the uneven pattern 580 formed on the surface of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 and the light extraction efficiency is increased by the uneven pattern 580.
- the uneven pattern 580 may have a photonic crystal structure.
- Photonic crystals indicate that the media having different refractive indices are regularly arranged like crystals. Such photonic crystals can further adjust the light extraction effect by controlling light in units of lengths of multiples of the wavelength of light.
- FIG. 25 is a view illustrating a second electrode layer exposed at a corner in the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 ', the active layer 512', the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 ', the second electrode layer 520', the insulating layer 530 ' Sequentially stacking the first electrode layer 540 'and the conductive substrate 550'; Forming a region in which a portion of an interface of the second electrode layer 520 'with the second conductive semiconductor layer 513' is exposed; And the first electrode layer 540 'is electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 511' and electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 'and the active layer 512'. And forming one or more contact holes 541 'extending from one surface of the surface 540' to at least a portion of the first conductive semiconductor layer 511 '. Is provided.
- the exposed region of the second electrode layer 520 ' is formed by forming a via hole 514' in the light emitting stack 510 '(see FIG. 21), or as shown in FIG. 25, the light emitting stack 510 ') Can be formed by mesa etching.
- the same components as in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 21 will be omitted.
- one edge of the semiconductor light emitting device 500 ′ is mesa-etched. Etching is performed on the light emitting stacked structure 510 'so that the second electrode layer 520' is exposed at the interface side with the second conductive semiconductor layer 513 '. Therefore, the exposed region of the second electrode layer 520 'is formed at the corner of the semiconductor light emitting device 500'. If formed in the corner is a simpler process than the case of forming the via hole as in the above-described embodiment, the electrical connection process can also be easily performed later.
- FIGS. 26 through 36 A semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 through 36.
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 27 is a top plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 26
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the semiconductor light emitting device shown in FIG. 27.
- a description with reference to FIGS. 26 to 28 is as follows.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, the second conductive semiconductor layer 613, the second electrode layer 620, and the insulating layer are sequentially stacked. 630, a first electrode layer 640, and a conductive substrate 650.
- the first electrode layer 640 is electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer 612 so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 611.
- At least one contact hole 641 extends from one surface of the substrate to at least a portion of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611.
- the first electrode layer 640 is not an essential component in this embodiment.
- the first electrode layer may not be included, and the contact hole 641 may be formed from one surface of the conductive substrate. That is, the conductive line substrate 650 is electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 113 and the active layer 112 so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 111. One or more contact holes 641 may extend from one surface of the substrate to at least a portion of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611. In this case, the conductive substrate is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown), and a voltage is applied to the first conductive semiconductor layer through the conductive substrate.
- the second electrode layer 620 is part of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 by etching the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613. Includes an exposed region 614, and an etch stop layer 621 is formed in the exposed region 614.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 600 may include a first electrode layer 640 and a second conductive semiconductor layer electrically connected to the light emitting stack 610 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 by a contact hole 641.
- a second electrode layer 620 electrically connected to the 613, and an insulating layer 630 for electrically insulating the electrode layers 620 and 640.
- a conductive substrate 650 is included to support the semiconductor light emitting device 600.
- the first conductive type and the second conductive type semiconductor layers 611 and 613 are not limited thereto, for example, a semiconductor such as a GaN based semiconductor, a ZnO based semiconductor, a GaAs based semiconductor, a GaP based semiconductor, or a GaAsP based semiconductor. It may include a substance.
- the semiconductor layers 611 and 613 may be appropriately selected from the group consisting of group III-V semiconductors, group II-VI semiconductors, and Si.
- the semiconductor layers 611 and 613 may be doped with n-type impurities or p-type impurities in consideration of the respective conductivity types.
- the active layer 612 is a layer that activates light emission and is formed using a material having an energy band gap smaller than that of the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613.
- the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611 and the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 613 are GaN-based compound semiconductors
- an InAlGaN-based compound semiconductor having an energy band gap smaller than that of GaN is used.
- the active layer 612 may be formed. That is, the active layer 612 may include In x Al y Ga (1-xy) N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1).
- the semiconductor light emitting device 600 may emit light of any one of infrared rays, visible rays, and ultraviolet rays according to the characteristics of the active layer 612.
- the first electrode layer 640 and the second electrode layer 620 are layers for applying a voltage to a semiconductor layer of the same conductivity type, respectively.
- the semiconductor layers 611 and 613 are externally formed by the electrode layers 620 and 640. It is electrically connected to a power source (not shown).
- the insulating layer 630 is preferably made of a material having low electrical conductivity.
- the insulating layer 630 may include an oxide such as SiO 2 .
- the first electrode layer 640 is electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer 612 in order to electrically connect the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 (the first electrode layer and the second electrode).
- the insulating layer 630 positioned between the electrode layers may be formed to extend).
- One or more contact holes 641 may extend to a portion of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611.
- the contact hole 641 extends through the second electrode layer 620, the insulating layer 630, and the active layer 612 to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611 and includes an electrode material.
- the first electrode layer 640 and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 are electrically connected to each other by the contact hole 641, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 is connected to an external power source (not shown).
- the first electrode layer 640 may include one contact hole 641. However, the first electrode layer 640 may include one or more contact holes 641 at predetermined positions in order to uniformly distribute currents transmitted to the first conductive semiconductor layer 611.
- the second electrode layer 620 is disposed below the active layer 612 and is positioned on a surface opposite to the light emitting direction of the semiconductor light emitting device 600 based on the active layer 612. Therefore, the light propagating toward the second electrode layer 620 should be reflected to increase the luminous efficiency.
- the second electrode layer 620 is preferably a white series metal in the visible light region.
- a white series metal for example, Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, It may include one or more of materials such as Zn, Pt, Au.
- the second electrode layer 620 is part of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 by etching the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613. Is exposed. An etch stop layer 621 is formed in the exposed region 614.
- the first electrode layer 640 is in contact with the conductive substrate 650 disposed on the lower surface thereof so that the first electrode layer 640 can be connected to an external power source, while the second electrode layer 620 is a separate connection area for connection with an external power source (not shown). This is necessary. Accordingly, the second electrode layer 620 has an exposed region 614 at a portion of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 by etching one region of the light emitting stack 610. As a result, the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 613 is connected to an external power source (not shown) by the second electrode layer 620.
- the area of the exposed area 614 may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in consideration of light emitting area, electrical connection efficiency, and current dispersion in the second electrode layer 620.
- 27 to 29 illustrate embodiments in which the edges of the light emitting stack 610 are etched to expose the exposed areas 614 of the second electrode layer 620.
- the exposed area 614 is etched only a part of the light emitting stack 610, and the second electrode layer 620 including a metal is usually performed by selective etching so as not to etch.
- selective etching for etching one region of the light emitting stack 610 is difficult to control completely, so that some etching may be performed on the second electrode layer located on the bottom surface of the light emitting stack 610.
- a metal material constituting the second electrode layer 620 is bonded to the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 to generate a leakage current. Therefore, the etch stop layer 621 is formed in the region of the second electrode layer 620 where the light emitting stack 610 is etched (the exposed region of the second electrode layer).
- the etch stop layer 621 may prevent the metal constituting the second electrode layer 620 from being bonded to the side surface of the light emitting stack 610 to reduce the leakage current, and the etching may be easily performed.
- the etch stop layer 621 is a material for suppressing the etching of the light emitting laminate 600.
- the etch stop layer 621 is not limited thereto, such as silicon oxides such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , and silicon nitride. It may be an insulating material.
- the etch stop layer 621 does not necessarily need to be an insulating material, and even the conductive material does not affect the operation of the device. Therefore, the etch stop layer 621 may be appropriately selected from conductive materials as long as it can perform only the etch stop function.
- an electrode pad part 660 may be formed in the exposed area 614 through the etch stop layer 621.
- the electrode pad part is electrically connected to the second electrode layer through the etch stop layer 621. In this case, electrical connection between the second electrode layer 620 and an external power source (not shown) becomes easier.
- the conductive substrate 650 is positioned on the lower surface of the first electrode layer 640, and is in contact with and electrically connected to the first electrode layer 640.
- the conductive substrate 650 may be a metallic substrate or a semiconductor substrate.
- the conductive substrate 650 may be formed of a material including any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs, for example, an alloy form of Si and Al. In this case, depending on the selected material, the conductive substrate 650 may be formed by a method such as plating or bonding bonding.
- the conductive substrate 650 may be a support substrate bonded by removing a sapphire substrate after using a sapphire substrate having a relatively low lattice mismatch as a growth substrate.
- a top plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device 600 is illustrated. Although not shown on the top surface of the semiconductor light emitting device 600, the contact hole 641 is illustrated in dotted lines to indicate the position of the contact hole 641.
- the contact hole 641 may have an insulating layer 630 extending around the second electrode layer 620, the second conductive semiconductor layer 613, and the active layer 612. This will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 28.
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 27.
- A-A ' was chosen to take a cross section including contact hole 641 and exposed area 614.
- the contact hole 641 passes through the second electrode layer 620, the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 613, and the active layer 612 from the interface of the first electrode layer 640 to form the first conductivity type semiconductor. Extends into layer 611. It extends at least to the interface between the active layer 612 and the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611, preferably to a part of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611. However, since the contact hole 641 is for electrical connection and current distribution of the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 is achieved by contacting the first conductive semiconductor layer 611. It does not have to extend to the outer surface of).
- the contact hole 641 is intended to disperse current in the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611, and thus preferably has a predetermined area.
- the contact holes 641 are preferably formed in a predetermined number on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611 with a small area as small as possible for the current to be uniformly distributed. If the contact holes 641 are formed in too small a number, current dispersion becomes difficult, and thus the electrical characteristics may deteriorate. If the contact holes 641 are formed in a too small number, the light emitting area may be reduced due to difficulty in forming and reduction of the active layer. The number may be appropriately selected. Accordingly, the contact hole 641 is implemented in a shape in which current distribution is effective while occupying as little area as possible.
- the contact hole 641 is formed from the first electrode layer 640 to the inside of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611.
- the contact hole 641 is used for current distribution of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and thus the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer. It is necessary to be electrically separated from 612.
- the insulating layer 630 may extend while surrounding the circumference of the contact hole 641.
- the second electrode layer 620 includes a region 614 in which part of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 is exposed, which is an external power source (not shown) of the second electrode layer 620. This is the area for electrical connection with.
- An etch stop layer 621 is formed in the exposed region 614.
- the electrode pad part 660 may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 620 through the etch stop layer 621.
- an insulating layer 670 may be formed on an inner side surface of the exposed area 614 to electrically separate the light emitting stack 610 and the electrode pad part 660.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 600 since the first electrode layer 640 and the second electrode layer 620 are located on the same plane, the semiconductor light emitting device 600 exhibits characteristics of a horizontal semiconductor light emitting device, and the electrode pad part 660 is formed of the first conductive layer. Since the semiconductor light emitting device 600 is positioned on the surface of the semiconductor device 611, the semiconductor light emitting device 600 may exhibit characteristics of the vertical semiconductor light emitting device. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device 600 has a structure in which a horizontal type and a vertical type are integrated.
- FIG. 29 to 31 show a semiconductor light emitting device according to another embodiment
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view of the semiconductor light emitting device
- FIG. 30 is a top plan view
- FIG. 31 is A-A of the semiconductor light emitting device shown in FIG. 'It's a cross section from the line.
- 29 to 31 show that the center of the light emitting stack 710 is etched so that a part of the exposed region 714 of the interface of the second electrode layer 720 with the second conductive semiconductor layer is located at the center. Description of the same components already described will be omitted.
- a portion of the etch stop layer 721 formed in the exposed region may be removed to be electrically connected to an external power source (not shown), and may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 720 through the etch stop layer 721.
- the electrode pad part 760 may be included. Since the connection to an external power source (not shown) may use a wire, the exposure area 714 is preferably formed to increase in the direction of the first conductive semiconductor layer from the second electrode layer for convenience of connection.
- FIG. 32 and 33 show a modification of the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 32 is a perspective view of the semiconductor light emitting device
- FIG. 33 is a side cross-sectional view of the semiconductor light emitting device.
- the top plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device is similar to that of FIG. 27, and
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 'similarly to FIG. 28. Description of the same components already described will be omitted.
- the second electrode layer is exposed to the etching of the light emitting stack 610 ′, and the etch stop layer 621 ′ formed in the exposed region is the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 ′. And to the side of the active layer 612 '. In this case, not only the metal material of the second electrode layer is prevented from being bonded to the semiconductor side during the etching of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611 'as described above, but also the active layer 612' is protected. You can get the effect.
- FIGS. 26 to 28 are cross-sectional views illustrating a method of manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment, and more specifically, illustrates a method of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device shown in FIGS. 26 to 28.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, the second conductive semiconductor layer 613, and the second electrode layer 620 are sequentially disposed on the non-conductive substrate 680. Laminated by.
- the lamination of the semiconductor layer and the active layer may use a known process.
- an organometallic vapor deposition method MOCVD
- MBE molecular beam growth method
- HVPE hybrid vapor deposition method
- the non-conductive substrate 680 may use a sapphire substrate that is easy to grow a nitride semiconductor layer.
- an etch stop layer 621 is exposed to an area to be exposed by etching the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613. It is laminated while forming.
- a first electrode layer 640 may be formed between the insulating layer 630 and the conductive substrate 650.
- the conductive substrate 650 is electrically insulated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer 612 so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 611. And at least one contact hole 641 extending from one surface of the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 to a partial region of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611.
- the contact hole 641 is formed from one surface of the first electrode layer 640. do. That is, the first electrode layer 640 is electrically insulated from the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer 612 so as to be electrically connected to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611.
- One or more contact holes 641 extending from one surface of the electrode layer 640 to a portion of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611 are formed.
- the contact hole 641 is for current distribution of the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the contact hole 641 needs to be electrically separated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 and the active layer 612.
- the insulating layer 630 may extend while surrounding the circumference of the contact hole 641.
- the non-conductive substrate 680 is removed, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611, the active layer 612, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 are removed.
- the exposed region 614 is formed at a part of the interface between the second electrode layer 620 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 by etching one region of the substrate.
- the exposed region 614 may be etched only a part of the light emitting stack 610, and the second electrode layer 620 including the metal may be selectively etched so as not to be etched.
- the selective etching for etching one region of the light emitting stack 610 is difficult to control completely, so that some etching may be performed on the second electrode layer 620 located on the bottom surface of the light emitting stack 610.
- the etching may be easily performed by forming the etching lower layer 621 in the region where the etching is performed.
- the metal of the second electrode layer 620 may be prevented from being bonded to the side surface of the light emitting stack 610, thereby reducing the leakage current.
- one region of the etch stop layer 621 may be removed to connect the second electrode layer 620 to an external power source.
- the electrode pad part 660 may be formed in the region where the etch stop layer 621 is removed.
- the insulating layer 670 may be formed on the inner surface of the light emitting stack where the etching is performed to electrically separate the light emitting stack 610 and the electrode pad part 660.
- FIG. 34 illustrates an example in which an exposed area 614 of the second electrode layer 620 is formed at an edge by etching one edge of the light emitting stack 610.
- a semiconductor light emitting device having a shape as shown in FIG. 29 may be manufactured.
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method of manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device according to a modification of the present embodiment, and more specifically, illustrates a method of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device shown in FIGS. 32 and 33.
- the same components as those of the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 34 will be omitted.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 ′, the active layer 612 ′, the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 ′, and the second electrode layer (not shown) on the non-conductive substrate 680 ′. 620 ') are sequentially stacked.
- the second electrode layer 620 ' is an etch stop layer 621 in a region to be exposed by etching the first conductive semiconductor layer 611', the active layer 612 ', and the second conductive semiconductor layer 613'. Are stacked while forming ').
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 621 ′, the active layer 612 ′, and the first conductive semiconductor are formed.
- One region of the layer 613 ' is first etched first.
- An etch stop layer 621 ′ is formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 ′, the active layer 612 ′, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 ′ which are exposed by being primarily etched.
- an insulating layer 630 ′, a first electrode layer 640 ′, and a conductive substrate 650 ′ are formed on the second electrode layer 620 ′.
- the first electrode layer 640 ' is electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 613' and the active layer 612 'so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 611'.
- at least one contact hole 641 ' extending from one surface of the first electrode layer 640' to a partial region of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611 '.
- the contact hole 641 ′ is for current distribution of the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 ′, and thus, the contact hole 641 ′ needs to be electrically separated from the second conductive semiconductor layer 613 ′ and the active layer 612 ′. have. Therefore, the insulating layer 630 ′ may extend while surrounding the circumference of the contact hole 641 ′.
- an exposed region 614 ′ is formed on the second electrode layer 610 ′ so that a part of an interface with the second conductive semiconductor layer is exposed.
- the nonconductive substrate 680 ' is removed, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 611' is etched.
- the exposed region 614 ′ may be formed only by etching the first conductive semiconductor layer.
- an etch stop layer 621 ′ is formed in the exposed region 614 ′ of the second electrode layer 620 ′ when the light emitting stack 610 ′ is etched, so that etching may proceed easily.
- only the etching of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 611 ′ is performed due to the primary etching performed in FIG. 35A, thereby protecting the active layer.
- one region of the etch stop layer 621 ′ formed on the exposed region 614 ′ may be removed to connect the second electrode layer 620 ′ to the external power source.
- the electrode pad part 660 ′ may be formed in the region where the etch stop layer 621 ′ is removed to be electrically connected to the second electrode layer.
- an insulation layer for electrically separating the electrode pad portion 660 ′ is not required.
- the conductive substrates 650, 650 ′, 750 are electrically connected to the first lead frame, and the electrode pad parts 660, 660 ′ are mounted.
- 760 is electrically connected to the second lead frame through a wire or the like.
- the die bonding type and the wire bonding type can be used in combination, so that the luminous efficiency can be guaranteed to the maximum, and the process can be performed at a relatively low cost.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 600 ′′ according to the present modification includes the first conductive semiconductor layer 611 ′′, the active layer 612 ′′, and the second stacked sequentially as in the previous embodiment.
- a passivation layer 670 ′′ having an uneven structure is added, and the elements described in the same terms are described in the previous embodiment, so only the passivation layer 670 ′′ will be described.
- the passivation layer 670 ′′ is defined as a light emitting structure, a structure including a first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611 ′′, an active layer 612 ′′ and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer 613 ′′, It is formed to cover the side of the light emitting structure, thereby, in particular, serves to protect the active layer 612 ''.
- the passivation layer 670 ′′ may be formed on the upper surface of the light emitting structure besides the side surface of the light emitting structure, and may also be formed on the etch stop layer 620 ′′.
- the passivation layer 670 ′′ may be formed of silicon oxide or silicon nitride such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y, etc. to perform a protective function of the light emitting structure, and the thickness thereof may be about 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m. desirable. Accordingly, the passivation layer 670 ′′ has a refractive index of about 1.4 to 2.0, and it is difficult for the light emitted from the active layer 670 ′′ to escape to the outside due to the difference in refractive index between the mold structure of the air or the package. Can be. In the present embodiment, an uneven structure is formed in the passivation layer 670 ′′ to improve external light extraction efficiency. In particular, as shown in FIG.
- the active layer 612 ′′ is emitted toward the side of the active layer 612 ′′.
- the amount of light emitted to the side surface of the semiconductor light emitting device 600 ′′ may increase.
- about 5% or more of light extraction is performed. The efficiency improvement effect was shown.
- the uneven structure of the passivation layer 670 ′′ is also formed in a region corresponding to the top surface of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 611 ′′ to improve the vertical light extraction efficiency. In addition, it may be formed on the side of the passivation layer 670 ′′.
- a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 37 to 57.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view schematically showing a semiconductor light emitting element according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 38 is a schematic plan view of the semiconductor light emitting device viewed from above based on FIG. 37
- FIG. 39 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 37 taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 38. 37 to 39
- a first conductive contact layer 804 is formed on a conductive substrate 807
- a first conductive contact layer 804 is formed on the conductive substrate 807.
- a light emitting structure that is, a structure including a first conductive semiconductor layer 803, an active layer 802, and a second conductive semiconductor layer 801 is formed.
- the high resistance portion 808 is formed on the side surface of the light emitting structure, and as will be described later, the high resistance portion 808 may be obtained by implanting ions into the side surface of the light emitting structure.
- the first conductive contact layer 804 is electrically separated from the conductive substrate 807, and an insulator 806 is interposed between the first conductive contact layer 804 and the conductive substrate 807.
- the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 803 and 801 may be p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, respectively, and may be formed of a nitride semiconductor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited thereto, but in the present embodiment, the first and second conductivity types may be understood to mean p-type and n-type, respectively.
- the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 803 and 801 are Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N composition formulas, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, and 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1. ), For example, GaN, AlGaN, InGaN, and the like may correspond to this.
- the active layer 802 formed between the first and second conductivity type semiconductor layers 803 and 801 emits light having a predetermined energy by recombination of electrons and holes, and the quantum well layer and the quantum barrier layer alternate with each other. It may be made of a multi-quantum well (MQW) structure stacked. In the case of a multi-quantum well structure, for example, an InGaN / GaN structure may be used.
- MQW multi-quantum well
- the first conductive contact layer 804 may reflect the light emitted from the active layer 802 toward the upper portion of the semiconductor light emitting device 800, that is, the second conductive semiconductor layer 801. Furthermore, it is preferable to form an ohmic contact with the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 803.
- the first conductivity type contact layer 804 may include a material such as Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, Zn, Pt, Au, and the like. In this case, although not shown in detail, the first conductivity type contact layer 804 may be adopted in two or more layers to improve reflection efficiency.
- a portion of the first conductivity type contact layer 104 may be exposed to the outside, and as shown, the exposed area may be a region where the light emitting structure is not formed.
- the exposed region of the first conductivity type contact layer 804 corresponds to an electrical connection portion for applying an electrical signal, and an electrode pad 805 may be formed thereon.
- the conductive substrate 807 serves as a support for supporting the light emitting structure in a process such as laser lift-off, and performs any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs. It may be made of a material comprising, for example, an alloy in the form of Si and Al. In this case, depending on the material selected, the conductive substrate 807 may be formed by a method such as plating or bonding bonding. In the present embodiment, the conductive substrate 807 is electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801, and thus an electrical signal is applied to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 through the conductive substrate 807. Can be applied. For this purpose, as illustrated in FIGS. 39 and 40, the conductive via v extending from the conductive substrate 807 and connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 needs to be provided.
- the conductive vias v are connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 and therein, and the number, shape, pitch, and contact area of the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 are appropriately adjusted so that the contact resistance is lowered. Can be.
- the conductive via v needs to be electrically separated from the active layer 802, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 803, and the first conductivity type contact layer 804.
- An insulator 806 is formed therebetween.
- the insulator 806 may be any object having electrical insulation, but it is preferable to absorb light to a minimum, so that silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be used.
- silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be used.
- silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be used
- the conductive substrate 807 is connected to the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 801 by a conductive via (v), and the electrode is separately formed on the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 801.
- the amount of light emitted to the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 801 may be increased.
- conductive vias (v) are formed in a portion of the active layer 802 to reduce the light emitting area, the light extraction efficiency improvement effect obtained by eliminating the electrode on the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 is further improved. It can be said to be large.
- the overall electrode arrangement may be considered to be similar to the horizontal electrode structure rather than the vertical electrode structure.
- the current dispersion effect may be sufficiently ensured by the conductive vias v formed in the second conductive semiconductor layer 801.
- the high resistance portion 808 is formed on the side surface of the light emitting structure, and serves to protect the light emitting structure, in particular, the active layer 802 from the outside, thereby improving the electrical reliability of the device. Since the active layer 802 exposed to the outside may act as a current leakage path during the operation of the semiconductor light emitting device 800, current leakage may be prevented by forming a high resistance portion 808 having a relatively high electrical resistance on the side of the light emitting structure. It can prevent. In this case, the high resistance portion 808 may be formed by ion implantation. Specifically, when ions accelerated by a particle accelerator or the like are injected into the light emitting structure, the semiconductor layer constituting the light emitting structure suffers crystal damage and thus uses a principle of increasing resistance.
- the implanted ions can be recovered by heat treatment, it is preferable to use ions having a relatively large particle size so as not to be recovered at a general heat treatment temperature of the semiconductor layer.
- ions of atoms such as Ar, C, N, Kr, Xe, Cr, O, Fe, Ti may be used as ions implanted into the light emitting structure.
- FIG. 40 and 41 are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment modified from the embodiment of FIG. 37.
- the side surface of the light emitting structure is formed to be inclined toward the first conductive type contact layer 804.
- This inclined shape of the light emitting structure may be naturally formed by a process of etching the light emitting structure to expose the first conductivity type contact layer 804, as will be described later.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 800-2 of FIG. 41 has a structure in which the unevenness is formed on the upper surface of the light emitting structure, specifically, on the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 in the embodiment of FIG.
- a first conductive type contact layer 904 is formed on the conductive substrate 907 and the first conductive type contact layer is formed as in the previous embodiment.
- a light emitting structure that is, a structure including a first conductivity type semiconductor layer 903, an active layer 902, and a first conductivity type semiconductor layer 901 is formed.
- the high resistance portion 908 is formed on the side surface of the light emitting structure by ion implantation.
- the conductive substrate 907 is electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 903 instead of the second conductive semiconductor layer 901. Therefore, the first conductivity type contact layer 904 is not necessarily required. In this case, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 903 and the conductive substrate 907 may be in direct contact with each other.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 901 and the conductive vias v connected therein pass through the active layer 902, the first conductive semiconductor layer 903, and the first conductive contact layer 904 to form a second layer. It is connected to the conductive electrode 909.
- the second conductivity type electrode 909 extends from the conductive via v in the lateral direction of the light emitting structure and has an electrical connection exposed to the outside, and an electrode pad 905 may be formed in the electrical connection.
- the second conductive electrode 909 and the conductive via v are electrically connected to the active layer 902, the first conductive semiconductor layer 903, the first conductive contact layer 904, and the conductive substrate 907.
- An insulator 906 is formed to be separated.
- FIG. 43 is a plan view schematically illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment
- FIG. 44 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 43.
- the first conductive contact layer 804 ′ is formed on the conductive substrate 807 ′
- the first conductive contact is formed in the semiconductor light emitting device 800 ′ according to the present embodiment.
- a light emitting structure that is, a structure including a first conductive semiconductor layer 803', an active layer 802 ', and a first conductive semiconductor layer 801' is formed.
- a high resistance portion 808 ' is formed by ion implantation.
- the first conductive contact layer 804 ' is electrically separated from the conductive substrate 807', and an insulator 806 is formed between the first conductive contact layer 804 'and the conductive substrate 807'. ') Is intervened.
- the light emitting structure is divided into a plurality of pieces on the conductive substrate 807 '.
- the light scattering effect may be increased by the structure in which the light emitting structure is divided, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.
- the light emitting structure may be implemented in a hexagonal shape when viewed from the top, as shown in FIG. 43, in order to secure a sufficient external area.
- the divided light emitting structures are preferably arranged in close contact with each other.
- the etching process is performed to divide the light emitting structure, it is necessary to protect the side surface of the light emitting structure, so that the high resistance portion 808 'is formed on each side of the divided light emitting structure by ion implantation. It is preferable.
- 45 to 53 are cross-sectional views for each process for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the method corresponds to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device having the structure described with reference to FIGS. 37 to 39.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 801, the active layer 802, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 803 are disposed on the semiconductor growth substrate B such as MOCVD, MBE, HVPE, or the like.
- a light emitting structure is formed by sequentially growing using a semiconductor layer growth process.
- the semiconductor growth substrate B a substrate made of a material such as sapphire, SiC, MgAl 2 O 4 , MgO, LiAlO 2 , LiGaO 2 , GaN, or the like may be used.
- the sapphire is a Hexa-Rhombo R3c symmetric crystal and the lattice constants of c-axis and a-direction are 13.001 13.
- C (0001) plane, A (1120) plane, R 1102 surface and the like are mainly used as a nitride growth substrate because the C surface is relatively easy to grow and stable at high temperatures.
- a first conductivity type contact layer 804 is formed on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 803.
- the first conductive contact layer 804 is formed of Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, Zn, Pt, in consideration of the light reflection function and the ohmic contact function with the first conductive semiconductor layer 803. It may be formed to include a material such as Au, and may be suitably used a process such as sputtering or vapor deposition known in the art.
- grooves are formed in the first conductivity type contact layer 804 and the light emitting structure.
- the groove is for forming a conductive via connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 by filling a conductive material in a subsequent process.
- the first conductive contact layer 804 and the first conductive semiconductor layer The second conductive semiconductor layer 801 penetrates through 803 and the active layer 802 and is exposed to the bottom surface. 47 may also be performed using an etching process known in the art, for example, ICP-RIE.
- an insulator such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y
- an insulator such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y
- the insulator 806 is preferably formed in a range not covering the entire bottom of the groove.
- a conductive material is formed on the inside of the groove and the insulator 806 to form a conductive via v and a conductive substrate 807.
- the conductive substrate 807 has a structure connected to the conductive via v connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 801.
- the conductive substrate 807 may be made of a material including any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs, and may be appropriately formed by a process such as plating, sputtering, and deposition.
- the conductive via v and the conductive substrate 807 may be formed of the same material.
- the conductive via v may be formed of a different material from the conductive substrate 807 and may be formed in separate processes. It may be. For example, after the conductive via v is formed by a deposition process, the conductive substrate 807 may be previously formed and bonded to the light emitting structure.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the semiconductor growth substrate B is removed and rotated 180 ° as compared with FIG. 49.
- the light emitting structure that is, the first conductive semiconductor layer 803, the active layer 802, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 801 may be partially removed to remove the first conductive type contact.
- Expose layer 804. This is for applying an electrical signal through the exposed first conductive contact layer 804.
- the process of removing the light emitting structure may also be used to divide the light emitting structure into a plurality as described above.
- a process of forming an electrode pad on an exposed area of the first conductive contact layer 804 may be added.
- the light emitting structure may be etched by ICP-RIE.
- the etch stop layer 809 in the light emitting structure may be formed in advance.
- a high resistance portion 808 having electrical insulation is formed on the side surface of the light emitting structure.
- the high resistance portion 808 corresponds to a region where the crystal is damaged by ions implanted into the side surface of the semiconductor layer constituting the light emitting structure.
- the implanted ions can be recovered by heat treatment, it is preferable to use ions having a relatively large particle size so as not to be recovered at a general heat treatment temperature of the semiconductor layer.
- ions of atoms such as Ar, C, N, Kr, Xe, Cr, O, Fe, Ti may be used as ions implanted into the light emitting structure.
- FIGS. 45 to 47 are cross-sectional views for each step for describing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device according to still another embodiment. Specifically, this corresponds to the method of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device having the structure described with reference to FIG. 42. In this case, the process described with reference to FIGS. 45 to 47 can be adopted as it is in this embodiment. Hereinafter, a subsequent process of forming a groove in the first conductive contact layer 904 and the light emitting structure will be described.
- an insulator 906 is formed to deposit a material such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , and so on to cover the top of the first conductivity-type contact layer 904 and the sidewall of the groove. ).
- the insulator 906 may be referred to as a first insulator to distinguish it from an insulator formed to cover the second conductivity type electrode 909 in a subsequent process.
- the insulator 906 is not formed on the entire upper surface of the first conductivity type contact layer 904 because the conductive substrate 907 and the first conductivity type contact layer 904 must be connected. to be.
- the insulator 906 is formed in advance on a portion of the upper surface of the first conductive type contact layer 904, specifically, a region in which the second conductive type electrode 909 connected to the second conductive type semiconductor layer 901 is to be formed. It may be formed in consideration.
- the conductive material is formed on the inside of the groove and the insulator 906 to form the second conductive electrode 909.
- the second conductivity type electrode 909 may include conductive vias v connected to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 901.
- the insulator 906 is formed in advance to correspond to the region where the second conductivity type electrode 909 is to be formed, and thus the second conductivity type electrode 909 may be formed, and in particular, exposed to the outside. And extend in the horizontal direction from the conductive via v to serve as an electrical connection.
- the insulator 906 is formed to cover the second conductivity type electrode 909 and the conductive substrate 907 is electrically connected to the first conductivity type contact layer 904 thereon.
- the insulator 906 formed in this process may be referred to as a second insulator, and may form one insulation structure together with the insulator previously formed.
- the second conductivity type electrode 909 may be electrically separated from the first conductivity type contact 9204, the conductive substrate 907, and the like.
- the semiconductor growth substrate B is removed to expose the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 901.
- the process of exposing the second conductive electrode 909 by partially removing the light emitting structure and forming the high resistance portion 908 by ion implantation on the side of the light emitting structure may be performed by the process described above. Will be available.
- a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 58 to 77.
- FIG. 58 is a perspective view schematically showing a semiconductor light emitting element according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 59 is a schematic plan view of the second conductive semiconductor layer of the semiconductor light emitting device as viewed from above, and
- FIG. 60 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 58 taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 59. to be.
- a first conductive contact layer 1004 is formed on a conductive substrate 1007, and a light emitting structure, that is, a first conductive layer, is formed on the first conductive contact layer 1004.
- a structure including the type semiconductor layer 1003, the active layer 1002, and the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1001 is formed.
- An undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is formed on the first conductive semiconductor layer 1001, and the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is provided with irregularities on its upper surface to improve the external extraction efficiency of light emitted from the active layer 1002. You can.
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 is electrically separated from the conductive substrate 1007, and an insulator 1006 is interposed between the first conductive contact layer 1004 and the conductive substrate 1007.
- the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 1003 and 1001 may be p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, respectively, and may be formed of a nitride semiconductor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited thereto, but in the present embodiment, the first and second conductivity types may be understood to mean p-type and n-type, respectively.
- the first and second conductivity type semiconductor layers 1003 and 1001 are Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N composition formulas, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, and 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1. ), For example, GaN, AlGaN, InGaN, and the like may correspond to this.
- the active layer 1002 formed between the first and second conductive semiconductor layers 1003 and 1001 emits light having a predetermined energy by recombination of electrons and holes, and the quantum well layer and the quantum barrier layer alternate with each other. It may be made of a multi-quantum well (MQW) structure stacked. In the case of a multi-quantum well structure, for example, an InGaN / GaN structure may be used.
- MQW multi-quantum well
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 may reflect the light emitted from the active layer 1002 toward the upper portion of the semiconductor light emitting device 1000, that is, the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001. Furthermore, it is preferable to form an ohmic contact with the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1003.
- the first conductivity-type contact layer 1004 may include materials such as Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, Zn, Pt, Au, and the like.
- the first conductivity type contact layer 1004 may have a structure of two or more layers to improve reflection efficiency. Specific examples thereof include Ni / Ag, Zn / Ag, Ni / Al, and Zn.
- a portion of the first conductivity type contact layer 1004 may be exposed to the outside, and as shown, the exposed area may be a region where the light emitting structure is not formed.
- the exposed area of the first conductivity type contact layer 1004 corresponds to an electrical connection part for applying an electrical signal, and an electrode pad 1005 may be formed thereon.
- the conductive substrate 1007 serves as a support for supporting the light emitting structure in a process such as laser lift-off, and performs any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs. It may be made of a material comprising, for example, an alloy in the form of Si and Al. In this case, depending on the selected material, the conductive substrate 1007 may be formed by a method such as plating or bonding bonding. In the present embodiment, the conductive substrate 1007 is electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001, so that an electrical signal is transmitted to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 through the conductive substrate 1007. Can be applied. For this purpose, as illustrated in FIGS. 59 and 60, a conductive via v extending from the conductive substrate 1007 and connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 needs to be provided.
- the conductive via v is connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 and therein, and the number, shape, pitch, and contact area with the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 are appropriately adjusted so that the contact resistance is lowered. Can be.
- the conductive via v needs to be electrically separated from the active layer 1002, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1003, and the first conductive contact layer 1004.
- An insulator 1006 is formed therebetween.
- the insulator 1006 may be any object having electrical insulation, but it is preferable to absorb light to a minimum, and thus, for example, silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be used.
- silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be used.
- silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride may be
- the conductive substrate 1007 is connected to the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001 by a conductive via (v), and the electrodes are separately formed on the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001.
- the amount of light emitted to the top surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001 may be increased.
- conductive vias (v) are formed in a part of the active layer (1002), the light emitting area is reduced, but the light extraction efficiency improvement effect obtained by eliminating the electrode on the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 is further improved. It can be said to be large.
- the overall arrangement of the electrodes may be similar to that of the horizontal electrode structure rather than the vertical electrode structure.
- the current dispersion effect may be sufficiently secured by the conductive vias v formed in the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001.
- Undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is formed on an upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001, and as will be described later, the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is employed as a buffer layer before growth of the semiconductor layer forming the light emitting structure.
- undoped means that the semiconductor layer is not subjected to an impurity doping process separately, and is used as a dopant when growing an impurity concentration of the level originally present in the semiconductor layer, for example, gallium nitride semiconductor using MOCVD.
- Si may be included at a level of about 10 16 to 10 18 / cm 3, although not intended.
- the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 since the electrode is not required to be formed on the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001, the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is not removed. As a result, the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 has the second conductivity. It may be formed to cover the entire upper surface of the type semiconductor layer 1001. Furthermore, by forming the uneven structure in the undoped semiconductor layer 1008, the probability that light incident in the direction of the active layer 1002 can be emitted to the outside is increased. However, in the present embodiment, the structure in which the unevenness is formed only in the undoped semiconductor 1008 has been described. However, the unevenness may occur in some regions of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001 depending on the etching conditions.
- the undoped semiconductor layer 1008 is removed to form the uneven structure of the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 1001, a part of the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 1001 may be lost. If the process is not precisely controlled, the thickness of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001 may not be kept constant depending on the product. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, if the electrode connection structure of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 is formed below through the inside of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001, the undoped semiconductor layer (not removed) This problem can be solved by forming irregularities in 1008).
- 61 and 62 are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment modified from the embodiment of FIG. 58.
- the side surface of the light emitting structure is formed to be inclined toward the first conductive contact layer 1004, specifically, to be inclined toward the upper portion of the light emitting structure.
- This inclined shape of the light emitting structure may be naturally formed by a process of etching the light emitting structure to expose the first conductivity type contact layer 1004, as will be described later.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 1000-2 of FIG. 62 is a structure in which the passivation layer 1009 is formed to cover the side surface of the light emitting structure in the embodiment of FIG. 61.
- the passivation layer 1009 protects the light emitting structure, in particular, the active layer 1002 from the outside.
- the passivation layer 1009 may be formed of silicon oxide such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , or silicon nitride, and has a thickness of 0.1. About 2 micrometers are preferable.
- the active layer 1002 exposed to the outside may act as a current leakage path during operation of the semiconductor light emitting device 1000, and this problem may be prevented by forming the passivation layer 1009 on the side of the light emitting structure.
- the passivation layer 1009 may be formed to extend on the exposed top surface of the first conductivity type contact layer 1004. Meanwhile, the modifications of FIGS. 61 and 62 described above may be applied to other embodiments of FIGS. 63 and 64.
- the first conductive contact layer 1104 is formed on the conductive substrate 1107 as in the previous embodiment, and the first conductive contact layer is formed.
- a light emitting structure that is, a structure including a first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1103, an active layer 1102, and a first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1101 is formed on 1104.
- An undoped semiconductor layer 1108 is formed on the first conductive semiconductor layer 1101, and the undoped semiconductor layer 1108 is provided with irregularities on an upper surface thereof.
- the first conductive contact layer 1104 is electrically separated from the conductive substrate 1107, and an insulator 1106 is interposed between the first conductive contact layer 1104 and the conductive substrate 1107. .
- the first conductive contact layer corresponds to the edge of the light emitting structure when the electrical connection of the first conductive contact layer 1004 is viewed from the top of the light emitting structure.
- An electrical connection of 1104 is formed in the region corresponding to the center of the light emitting structure when viewed from above the light emitting structure. As described above, in the present invention, the position of the region where the first conductivity type contact layer 1104 is exposed may be changed.
- An electrode pad 1105 may be formed at the electrical connection portion of the first conductive contact layer 1104.
- a first conductive contact layer 1204 is formed on a conductive substrate 1207, and a light emitting structure is formed on the first conductive contact layer 1204. That is, a structure including the first conductive semiconductor layer 1203, the active layer 1202, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 1201 is formed.
- An undoped semiconductor layer 1208 is formed on the light emitting structure, that is, on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1201, and the undoped semiconductor layer 1208 has an uneven structure formed on an upper surface thereof.
- the structural difference from the above embodiment is that the conductive substrate 1207 is electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 1203 instead of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1201. Therefore, the first conductivity type contact layer 1204 is not necessarily required. In this case, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1203 and the conductive substrate 1207 may directly contact each other.
- the second conductivity type electrode 1209 extends from the conductive via v in the lateral direction of the light emitting structure and has an electrical connection exposed to the outside, and an electrode pad 1205 may be formed on the electrical connection.
- the second conductivity type electrode 1209 and the conductive via v are electrically connected to the active layer 1202, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1203, the first conductivity type contact layer 1204, and the conductive substrate 1207.
- An insulator 1206 is formed for separation.
- 65 to 73 are cross-sectional views for each process for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the method corresponds to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device having the structure described with reference to FIGS. 58 to 60.
- the MOCVD, the buffer layer 1008, the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1001, the active layer 1002, and the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1003 are disposed on the substrate B for semiconductor growth.
- the light emitting structure is formed by sequentially growing using a semiconductor layer growth process such as MBE and HVPE.
- the light emitting structure is defined as a structure including the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001, the active layer 1002, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 1003.
- the buffer layer 1008 may also be regarded as an element constituting the light emitting structure. Accordingly, the light emitting structure will be defined as a structure including a buffer layer 1008, a second conductive semiconductor layer 1001, an active layer 1002, and a first conductive semiconductor layer 1003.
- the semiconductor growth substrate B a substrate made of a material such as sapphire, SiC, MgAl 2 O 4 , MgO, LiAlO 2 , LiGaO 2 , GaN, or the like may be used.
- the sapphire is a Hexa-Rhombo R3c symmetric crystal and the lattice constants of c-axis and a-direction are 13.001 13. and 4.758 ⁇ , respectively, C (0001) plane, A (1120) plane, R 1102 surface and the like.
- the C plane is mainly used as a nitride growth substrate because the C surface is relatively easy to grow and stable at high temperatures.
- the buffer layer 1008 may be employed as an undoped semiconductor layer made of nitride or the like, and may mitigate lattice defects of the light emitting structure grown thereon.
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 is formed on the first conductive semiconductor layer 1003.
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 is formed of Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, Zn, Pt, in consideration of the light reflection function and the ohmic contact function with the first conductive semiconductor layer 1003. It may be formed to include a material such as Au, and may be suitably used a process such as sputtering or vapor deposition known in the art.
- grooves are formed in the first conductive contact layer 1004 and the light emitting structure.
- the groove is for forming a conductive via connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 by filling a conductive material in a subsequent process.
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 and the first conductive semiconductor layer are formed. It penetrates through the 1003 and the active layer 1002, and has a shape in which the first conductive semiconductor layer 1001 is exposed to the bottom surface. 67 may also be performed using an etching process known in the art, such as ICP-RIE.
- an insulator such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y
- SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y may be deposited to cover the top of the first conductivity-type contact layer 1004 and the sidewall of the groove. 1006).
- the insulator 1006 is preferably formed in a range not covering the entire bottom of the groove.
- a conductive material is formed on the inside of the groove and the insulator 1006 to form a conductive via v and a conductive substrate 1007.
- the conductive substrate 1007 has a structure connected to the conductive via v connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001.
- the conductive substrate 1007 may be made of a material including any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs, and may be appropriately formed by a process such as plating, sputtering, and deposition.
- the conductive via v and the conductive substrate 1007 may be formed of the same material, but in some cases, the conductive via v may be formed of a different material from the conductive substrate 1007 and may be formed in separate processes. It may be. For example, after the conductive via v is formed by a deposition process, the conductive substrate 1007 may be previously formed and bonded to the light emitting structure.
- FIG. 70 is a view illustrating a state in which the semiconductor growth substrate B is removed and rotated 180 ° as compared with FIG. 69.
- the light emitting structure that is, the buffer layer 1008, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1003, the active layer 1002, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 1001 are partially removed.
- the first conductive contact layer 1004 is exposed. This is for applying an electrical signal through the exposed first conductive contact layer 1004.
- a process of forming an electrode pad on an exposed area of the first conductivity type contact layer 1004 may be added.
- the light emitting structure may be etched by a method such as ICP-RIE. In this case, in order to prevent the material constituting the first conductivity-type contact layer 1004 from moving toward the side of the light emitting structure in the etching process, as shown in FIG.
- the etch stop layer 1010 is previously formed in the light emitting structure. It may be formed. Further, as a more reliable insulating structure, after the light emitting structure is etched, the passivation layer 1009 of FIG. 62 can be formed on the side of the light emitting structure.
- an uneven structure is formed in the buffer layer 1008.
- the region where the unevenness is mainly formed is an upper surface of the buffer layer 1008 exposed by removing the semiconductor growth substrate B, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved by the uneven structure formed as described above.
- the formation of the uneven structure may be performed by using a dry or wet etching process, etc., but it is desirable to form the uneven structure having irregular sizes, shapes, cycles, etc. by using wet etching.
- FIGS. 65 to 67 are cross-sectional views for each process for describing a method of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to yet another embodiment. Specifically, this corresponds to the method of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device having the structure described with reference to FIG. 64. In this case, the process described with reference to FIGS. 65 to 67 can be employed as it is in this embodiment.
- a subsequent process of forming a groove in the first conductive contact layer 1204 and the light emitting structure will be described.
- an insulator 1206 is deposited to cover a top surface of the first conductivity-type contact layer 1204 and sidewalls of the groove by depositing a material such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y, and the like. ).
- the insulator 1206 may be referred to as a first insulator to distinguish it from an insulator formed to cover the second conductivity type electrode 1209 in a subsequent process.
- the insulator 1206 is not formed on the entire upper surface of the first conductivity type contact layer 1204, since the conductive substrate 1207 and the first conductivity type contact layer 1204 must be connected. to be.
- the insulator 1206 may previously form a portion of the upper surface of the first conductivity type contact layer 1204, specifically, a region in which the second conductivity type electrode 1209 connected to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 1201 is to be formed. It may be formed in consideration.
- the conductive material is formed on the inside of the groove and the insulator 1206 to form the second conductive electrode 1209.
- the second conductivity type electrode 1209 may include conductive vias v connected to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 1201.
- the insulator 1206 is formed in advance to correspond to the region where the second conductivity type electrode 1209 is to be formed, and accordingly, the second conductivity type electrode 1209 may be formed, and particularly, exposed to the outside. And extend in the horizontal direction from the conductive via v to serve as an electrical connection.
- the insulator 1206 is formed to cover the second conductivity type electrode 1209 and is electrically connected to the first conductivity type contact layer 1204 thereon.
- the insulator 1206 formed in this process may be referred to as a second insulator, and may form one insulation structure together with the insulator previously formed.
- the second conductivity type electrode 1209 may be electrically separated from the first conductivity type contact layer 1204, the conductive substrate 1207, and the like.
- the semiconductor growth substrate B is removed to expose the buffer layer 1208. Subsequently, although not shown separately, the process of exposing the second conductive electrode 1209 by removing a part of the light emitting structure and forming the uneven structure on the buffer layer 1208 may use the above-described process.
- a semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 78 to 91.
- FIG. 78 is a sectional views schematically showing a semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 79 is a circuit diagram corresponding to the semiconductor light emitting device of FIG. 78.
- a plurality of light emitting structures C1 and C2 are disposed on a substrate 1306, and the light emitting structures C1 and C2 are electrically connected to each other.
- two light emitting structures will be referred to as first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2, respectively.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 have a structure in which the first conductive semiconductor layer 1303, the active layer 1302, and the first conductive semiconductor layer 1301 are sequentially stacked, and electrically connected to each other. It has first and second electrical connections 1304 and 1307 for connection.
- the first electrical connector 1304 is formed under the first conductive semiconductor layer 1303, and can perform ohmic contact and light reflection functions in addition to the electrical connection function.
- the second electrical connector 1307 is electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301, and the conductive via penetrates through the first electrical connector 1304, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1303, and the active layer 1302. (v) to be connected to the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1301.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may include a second electrical connection of the first light emitting structure C1, that is, a conductive via v and a first electrical connection 1304 of the second light emitting structure C2. It is electrically connected to each other through the substrate 1306.
- the substrate 1306 is formed of a material having electrical conductivity. With such an electrical connection structure, the semiconductor light emitting device 1300 can be operated even when AC power is applied from the outside.
- the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 1303 and 1301 may be p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, respectively, and may be formed of a nitride semiconductor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited thereto, but in the present embodiment, the first and second conductivity types may be understood to mean p-type and n-type, respectively.
- the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 1303 and 1301 are Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N composition formulas, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, and 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1. ), For example, GaN, AlGaN, InGaN, and the like may correspond to this.
- the active layer 1302 formed between the first and second conductivity type semiconductor layers 1303 and 1301 emits light having a predetermined energy by recombination of electrons and holes, and the quantum well layer and the quantum barrier layer alternate with each other. It may be made of a multi-quantum well (MQW) structure stacked. In the case of a multi-quantum well structure, for example, an InGaN / GaN structure may be used.
- MQW multi-quantum well
- the first electrical connector 1304 reflects the light emitted from the active layer 102 toward the upper portion of the semiconductor light emitting device 1300, that is, the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301. In addition, it is preferable to make an ohmic contact with the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1303.
- the first electrical connector 1304 may include a material such as Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ru, Mg, Zn, Pt, Au, or the like.
- the first electrical connection part 104 may have a structure of two or more layers to improve reflection efficiency. Specific examples thereof include Ni / Ag, Zn / Ag, Ni / Al, and Zn / Al. , Pd / Ag, Pd / Al, Ir / Ag. Ir / Au, Pt / Ag, Pt / Al, Ni / Ag / Pt, etc. are mentioned.
- the substrate 1306 serves as a support for supporting the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 in a process such as laser lift-off.
- a conductive substrate may be employed to electrically connect the second light emitting structures C1 and C2.
- the substrate 1306 may be formed using a material including any one of Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se, and GaAs, for example, an alloy form of Si and Al. . In this case, depending on the material selected, the substrate 1306 may be formed by a method such as plating or bonding bonding.
- the conductive vias v provided in the second electrical connectors 1307 are connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301 therein, and have a number, a shape, a pitch, and a second conductive semiconductor layer (ie, low contact resistance).
- the contact area with 1301 can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the conductive via v needs to be electrically separated from the active layer 1302, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 1303, and the first electrical connection portion 1304, so that the conductive via v and the insulator are interposed therebetween. 1305 is formed.
- the insulator 1305 may be any object having electrical insulation, but it is preferable to absorb light to a minimum, so that silicon oxides such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , and silicon nitride may be used.
- silicon oxides such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y , and silicon nitride may be used.
- the second electrical connection unit 1307 when the second electrical connection unit 1307 is formed below the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301, it is necessary to separately form an electrode on the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301. none. Accordingly, the amount of light emitted to the top surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1301 may be increased. In this case, although conductive vias (v) are formed in a portion of the active layer 1302, the light emitting area is reduced, but the light extraction efficiency improvement effect obtained by eliminating the electrode on the upper surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301 is further improved. It can be said to be large.
- the overall electrode arrangement may be considered to be similar to the horizontal electrode structure rather than the vertical electrode structure.
- the current dispersion effect may be sufficiently secured by the conductive vias v formed in the second conductive semiconductor layer 1301.
- an uneven structure may be formed on an upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1301, and light incident from the direction of the active layer 1302 is emitted to the outside by the uneven structure. Chances of becoming increased can be increased.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 1300 may be driven by an AC power source.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 form an n-p junction.
- This np junction for example, connects the second electrical connector v of the first light emitting structure C1 and the first electrical connector 1304 of the second light emitting structure C2, and the first light emitting structure C1 is formed of the first light emitting structure C1. It may be implemented by applying an external power source to the first electrical connector 1304 and the second electrical connector 1307 of the second light emitting structure C1. Specifically, in FIG.
- the A and B terminals correspond to the first electrical connection 1304 of the first light emitting structure C1 and the second electrical connection 1307 of the second light emitting structure C1, respectively, and the C terminal. Corresponds to the substrate 1306.
- the AC light emitting device may be implemented.
- first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are disposed on a substrate 1406, where the first light emitting structure C1 is the first light emitting device of FIG. 78. It has the same structure as the structure. In the present embodiment, unlike the previous embodiment, some of the light emitting structures may be employed as vertical electrode structures.
- the second light emitting structure C2 corresponds to a vertical electrode structure, and specifically, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1403 and the active layer 1402 on the first electrical connection 1404 connected to the substrate 1406. ) And the second conductive semiconductor layer 1401 are sequentially formed, and the second electrical connector 1407 is formed on the second conductive semiconductor 1401.
- the embodiment of Figs. 81 and 82 shows a structure in which the substrate is formed of an electrically insulating material in Figs. 78 and 79, respectively.
- first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are disposed on an electrically insulating substrate 1506.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are formed of the first conductive semiconductor layer 1503, the active layer 1502, and the second conductive layer 1504.
- the conductive semiconductor layer 1501 is stacked, and the second electrical connectors 1507a and 1507b have conductive vias v connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1501.
- an insulator 1505 is formed to electrically separate the second electrical connectors 1507a and 1507b from the first electrical connectors 1504, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1503, and the active layer 1502.
- the second electrical connection 1507a of the first light emitting structure C1 is secondly emitted by a portion extending from the conductive via v in a direction parallel to the substrate 1506. It is connected to the first electrical connection 1504 of the structure (C2).
- the second light emitting structure C2 may include the first conductive semiconductor layer 1603 and the active layer on the first electrical connection 1604.
- the 1602 and the second conductive semiconductor layer 1601 are sequentially formed, and the second electrical connector 1607 is formed on the second conductive semiconductor 1601.
- the second electrical connection portion 1607a of the first light emitting structure C1 is connected to the substrate 1606 from the conductive via v connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1601.
- the second light emitting structure C2 extends in a parallel direction. Accordingly, the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may share the second electrical connection 1607a with each other.
- the AC driving light emitting device is implemented using two light emitting structures
- the number and connection structure of the light emitting structures that is, the light emitting diodes may be variously modified.
- 83 shows a circuit diagram corresponding to the semiconductor light emitting element according to the present embodiment.
- one diode is a light emitting diode and corresponds to a light emitting structure.
- the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 83 corresponds to a so-called ladder network circuit, and has a structure including a total of 14 light emitting structures. In this case, nine light emitting structures are operated when a forward voltage is applied, and nine light emitting structures can be operated even when a reverse voltage is applied.
- 84 and 85 are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of an n-p junction.
- 84 and 85 first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 that form n-p junctions with each other are disposed on the substrates 1706 and 1706 '.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are sequentially stacked with a first conductive semiconductor layer 1703, an active layer 1702, and a second conductive semiconductor layer 1701 on the first electrical connection 1704.
- the conductive via (v) connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1701 from the first electrical connection 1704 the first conductive semiconductor layer 1703, and the active layer 1702. Insulator 1705 is formed.
- the second electrical connector 1707 of the first light emitting structure C1 is connected to the first electrical connector 1704 of the second light emitting structure C2.
- the shape of the second electrical connection 1707 is slightly different, respectively, FIGS. 78 and FIG. It is similar to the structure described in 81.
- the second electrical connection part provided in the second light emitting structure C2 that is, the conductive via v is It can be understood as a state of being electrically connected to another light emitting structure other than a structure for applying an external electric signal.
- 86 to 88 are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating examples of n-n junctions.
- first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 that form n-n junctions with each other are disposed on substrates 1806 and 1806 '.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are sequentially stacked with a first conductive semiconductor layer 1803, an active layer 1802, and a second conductive semiconductor layer 1801 on the first electrical connection 1804.
- the conductive via (v) connected inside the second conductive semiconductor layer 1801 is electrically separated from the first electrical connection 1804, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1803, and the active layer 1802.
- An insulator 1805 is formed for this purpose.
- the second electrical connectors 1807 of the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 need to be connected to each other.
- the conductive vias v provided in the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may be connected through the conductive substrate 1806.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 may be formed by the second electrical connection portion 1807 extending in a direction parallel to the substrate 1806 ′.
- C2 may be connected to conductive vias v provided respectively.
- the connection method through the electrical connection unit as shown in FIG.
- the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 1801 ′ may be used.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may share the second conductive semiconductor layer 1801 ′, and in this case, the nn junction may be formed even if the conductive vias v provided in the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are not connected to each other. Can be implemented.
- FIGS. 89 to 91 are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of the p-p junction.
- first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 forming p-p junctions are disposed on the substrates 1906 and 1906 '.
- the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 are sequentially stacked with a first conductive semiconductor layer 1903, an active layer 1902, and a second conductive semiconductor layer 1901 on the first electrical connection 1904.
- the conductive via v connected therein to the second conductive semiconductor layer 1901 is electrically separated from the first electrical connection 1904, the first conductive semiconductor layer 1901, and the active layer 1902.
- An insulator 1905 is formed for this purpose.
- the first electrical connectors 1904 of the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 need to be connected to each other.
- the conductive via v may be connected to another light emitting structure (not shown) constituting the entire AC light emitting device together.
- the first electrical connectors 1904 provided in the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may be connected through the conductive substrate 1906.
- the structure in which the first electrical connection unit 1904 is commonly used for the first and second light emitting structures C1 and C2 may be employed without using the connection metal layer.
- FIGS. 92 through 102 A semiconductor light emitting device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 92 through 102.
- FIG. 92 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vertical structure semiconductor light emitting device according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 93 and 94 show a vertical structure semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment modified from the embodiment of FIG. 92.
- the vertical semiconductor light emitting device 2000 includes n-type and p-type semiconductor layers 2001 and 2003 and an active layer 2002 formed therebetween to form a light emitting structure.
- the reflective metal layer 2004 and the conductive substrate 2005 are formed under the light emitting structure.
- an n-type electrode 2006 is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 2001, and a passivation layer 2007 having an uneven structure is formed to cover the side surface of the light emitting structure.
- the n-type semiconductor layer 2001 and the p-type semiconductor layer 2003 may be typically formed of a nitride semiconductor.
- the n-type semiconductor layer 2001 and the p-type semiconductor layer 2003 is Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N composition formula (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x + n-type impurities and p-type impurities having y ⁇ 1), and may be formed of a semiconductor material doped, and typically, GaN, AlGaN, InGaN.
- Si, Ge, Se, Te and the like may be used as the n-type impurity
- the p-type impurity is Mg, Zn, Be and the like. Meanwhile, an uneven structure may be formed on an upper surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 101 in order to improve the efficiency of light emitted in the vertical direction.
- the active layer 2002 formed between the n-type and p-type nitride semiconductor layers 2001 and 2003 emits light having a predetermined energy by recombination of electrons and holes, and the quantum well layer and the quantum barrier layer alternate with each other. It may be made of a stacked multi quantum well (MQW) structure. In the case of a multi-quantum well structure, generally, an InGaN / GaN structure may be used.
- the reflective metal layer 2004 may function to reflect light emitted from the active layer 2002 in the direction of the n-type nitride semiconductor layer 2001, and may include Ag, Ni, Al, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Ru. , Mg, Zn, Pt, Au and the like.
- the reflective metal layer 2004 may have a structure of two or more layers to improve reflection efficiency.
- Ni / Ag, Zn / Ag, Ni / Al, Zn / Al, Pd / Ag, Pd / Al, Ir / Ag. Ir / Au, Pt / Ag, Pt / Al, Ni / Ag / Pt, etc. are mentioned.
- the reflective metal layer 2004 is not an essential element, and in some cases, the reflective metal layer 2004 may be omitted.
- the conductive substrate 2005 may serve as a p-type electrode and may include a light emitting structure, that is, an n-type semiconductor layer 2001, an active layer 2002, and a p-type semiconductor layer 2003 in a laser lift-off process to be described later. Play a role.
- the conductive substrate 2005 may be made of a material such as Si, Cu, Ni, Au, W, Ti, or the like, and may be formed by plating or bonding bonding, depending on the selected material.
- the passivation layer 2007 is an insulating layer for protecting the light emitting structure, in particular, the active layer 2002, and is formed in a region where the light emitting structure is partially removed. Specifically, the passivation layer 2007 is illustrated in FIG. 92 in addition to the side surface of the light emitting structure. As described above, a portion of the top surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 2001 and the top surface of the reflective metal layer 2004 may be formed. In this case, when the reflective metal layer 2004 is not employed, the passivation layer 2007 is formed on the upper surface of the conductive substrate 2005. In the case where the light emitting structure is partially removed and exposed, as shown in FIG. 92, the light emitting structure may be inclined upward, and the light emitting area may be improved by the structure, and thus, the passivation layer 2007 may be formed. This may be easier.
- the passivation layer 2007 may be made of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, such as SiO 2 , SiO x N y , Si x N y, etc., in order to perform a protective function, and the thickness thereof is preferably about 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m. Accordingly, the passivation layer 2007 has a refractive index of about 1.4 to 2.0, and it is difficult for the light emitted from the active layer 2002 to escape to the outside due to a difference in refractive index between the mold structure of the air or the package.
- the thickness of the p-type semiconductor layer 2003 is relatively thin so that light emitted in the lateral direction of the active layer 2002 passes through the passivation layer 2007.
- the light emitted laterally from the active layer 2002 toward the passivation layer 2007 is very small and the incident angle with respect to the outer surface of the passivation layer 2007 is very small. Becomes difficult.
- an uneven structure is formed in the passivation layer 2007 to improve external light extraction efficiency.
- light emitted in the lateral direction of the active layer 2002 is When the concave-convex structure is formed in the passing region, the amount of light emitted to the side surface of the vertical semiconductor light emitting device 2000 may increase.
- the region through which the light emitted in the lateral direction of the active layer 2002 passes may be regarded as the region where the light emitting structure is not formed on the upper surface of the reflective metal layer 2004.
- the light extraction efficiency of the structure employing the concave-convex structure to the passivation layer (2007) the structure of which all other components are the same but without the concave-convex structure
- the uneven structure of the passivation layer 2007 is also formed in the region corresponding to the upper surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 2001 can improve the vertical light extraction efficiency. .
- the uneven structure forming region of the passivation layer may be variously changed to maximize the external light extraction efficiency.
- the uneven structure may be formed on the side surface of the passivation layer 2007 ′.
- the concave-convex structure is preferably formed on the lower surface of the passivation layer 2007 '', that is, the surface facing the reflective metal layer 2004. In this case, the pattern having the shape corresponding to the reflective metal layer 2004 is formed. ) May be formed.
- 95 to 98 are cross-sectional views of processes for describing a method of manufacturing the vertical semiconductor light emitting device having the structure described with reference to FIG. 92.
- the n-type semiconductor layer 2001, the active layer 2002, and the p-type semiconductor layer 2003 are subjected to a process such as MOCVD, MBE, HVPE, etc. on the semiconductor single crystal growth substrate 2008. Thereby sequentially growing to form a light emitting structure.
- a substrate made of a material such as sapphire, SiC, MgAl 2 O 4 , MgO, LiAlO 2 , LiGaO 2 , GaN, or the like may be used.
- the sapphire is a Hexa-Rhombo R3c symmetric crystal and the lattice constants of c-axis and a-direction are 13.001 13.
- C (0001) plane, A (1120) plane, R 1102 surface and the like are mainly used as a nitride growth substrate because the C surface is relatively easy to grow and stable at high temperatures.
- the reflective metal layer 2004 and the conductive substrate 2005 are formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 2003 by plating or submount bonding. Subsequently, although not specifically illustrated, the semiconductor single crystal growth substrate 2008 is removed by an appropriate lift-off process such as laser lift-off or chemical lift-off.
- a portion of the light emitting structure is removed to form a dicing and passivation layer of a device unit.
- the exposed side may be inclined upward.
- an uneven structure may be formed on the upper surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 2001, that is, the surface where the semiconductor single crystal growth substrate is removed and exposed by wet etching.
- a passivation layer 2007 for protecting the light emitting structure is formed.
- silicon oxide or silicon nitride may be appropriately deposited, and an uneven structure may be formed on the light emitting surface of the passivation layer 2007 to improve lateral light emission efficiency.
- the formation of the uneven structure can be carried out using a dry or wet etching process known in the art as appropriate.
- the concave-convex structure may be formed on another light emitting surface of the passivation layer 2007.
- an n-type electrode may be formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 2001 to obtain a completed structure shown in FIG. 92.
- the present invention provides a semiconductor light emitting device having a structure modified from the above-described vertical structure so that the electrical and optical properties can be further improved.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 2100 may include a conductive substrate 2105, a first conductive semiconductor layer 2103, an active layer 2102, and a second layer sequentially formed on the conductive substrate 2105.
- the active layer 2102 is shown in a relatively upper position compared to the structure shown in FIG. 92 and the like, but the position of the active layer 2102 may be changed in various ways, for example, the passivation 2107 may be formed. It may be formed at a height similar to that of the lower part.
- the n-type electrode is formed on the exposed surface of the n-type semiconductor layer from which the sapphire substrate is removed, but in this embodiment, the conductive via is used to pass through the n-type semiconductor layer downward direction.
- the second conductive type electrode 2106 penetrates through the first conductive type semiconductor layer 2104 and the active layer 2102 and is connected to the second conductive type semiconductor layer 2101 and the inside thereof, and It extends therefrom and has an electrical connection P exposed to the outside of the light emitting structure.
- the insulator 2108 is of the second conductive type. It is appropriately formed around the electrode 2106.
- the insulator 2108 may be any material as long as it has a low electrical conductivity. However, the insulator 2108 is preferably low in light absorbing power.
- the insulator 2108 may be formed of the same material as the passivation layer 2107.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 2101 may be formed of a metal material capable of making ohmic contact.
- the electrical connection part P may be made of a different material from other parts in consideration of the fact that the electrical connection part P may be used as a bonding pad part. Will be able to form.
- the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, but considering the manufacturing process described above, the first and second conductivity-type semiconductor layers 2101 and 2103 may be p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, respectively.
- FIG. 1 As an additional element, as shown in FIG.
- a first contact layer 2104 may be formed between the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer 2103 and the conductive substrate 2105, and the reflectivity such as Ag, Al, or the like may be used. High metals can be employed. In this case, the first contact layer 2104 and the second conductivity type electrode 2106 are electrically separated from each other by the insulator 2108.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 2101 may be applied with an electrical signal from the inside instead of the top thereof.
- the electrode since the electrode is not formed on the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 2101, the emission area may be increased, and the current dispersion effect may be improved by the conductive vias v formed therein.
- the desired electrical characteristics may be obtained by appropriately adjusting the number, area, shape, and the like of the conductive vias v.
- the main steps such as forming the conductive substrate and removing the sapphire substrate use the manufacturing process of the vertical structure semiconductor light emitting device, but the shape of the device obtained by the process can be considered to be closer to the horizontal structure. In this respect, it may be referred to as a mixed structure of vertical structure and horizontal structure.
- the passivation layer 2107 is formed on the side surface of the light emitting structure and the like, and an uneven structure is formed on the path of the light emitted from the active layer 2102, thereby forming the passivation layer 2107 from the active layer 2102. Can be used to improve the extraction efficiency of the light emitted laterally.
- an uneven structure may be formed on the upper surface of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer 2101, and although not separately illustrated, the uneven surface may be formed on the inclined side surface of the passivation layer 2107. There will be.
- FIG. 100 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device having a modified structure in FIG. 99.
- the etch stop layer 2109 is added to the structure described with reference to FIG. 99, and only the etch stop layer 2109 will be described below.
- the etch stop layer 2109 is formed on at least a region of the top surface of the conductive substrate 2105 where the light emitting structure is not formed, and has a different etching characteristic from a semiconductor material forming a light emitting structure for a specific etching method, for example, a nitride semiconductor. (Oxides such as SiO 2 ).
- the etch depth may be controlled by the etch stop layer 2109.
- the etch stop layer 2109 and the insulator 2108 may be formed of the same material for ease of processing.
- a material forming the conductive substrate 2105 or the first contact layer 2104 is deposited on the side of the light emitting structure to leak the leakage current. Since the etch stop layer 2109 may be formed below the light emitting structure to be removed by etching, this problem may be minimized.
- FIG. 101 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a semiconductor light emitting device according to yet another embodiment
- FIG. 102 illustrates a structure in which an etch stop layer is added to the structure of FIG. 101.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 2200 may include a conductive substrate 2205, a first conductive semiconductor layer 2203, an active layer 2202, and a second layer sequentially formed on the conductive substrate 2205.
- a light emitting structure having a conductive semiconductor layer 2201, a second contact layer 2204 for applying an electrical signal to the first conductive semiconductor layer 2203, and a second conductive semiconductor layer from the conductive substrate 2205 ( And a passivation layer 2207 having a concave-convex structure formed on a side surface of the light emitting structure.
- the conductive substrate 2205 is electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer 2201 and is connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer 2203.
- the first contact layer 2204 has an electrical connection P and is exposed to the outside.
- the conductive substrate 2205 may be electrically separated from the first contact layer 2204, the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 2203, and the active layer 2202 by the insulator 2208. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 99, the second conductivity type electrode 2106 connected to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 2101 is exposed to the outside to provide an electrical connection part P.
- the first conductivity type semiconductor is provided.
- the first contact layer 2204 connected to the layer 2203 is exposed to the outside to provide an electrical connection P.
- other structures and effects obtained therefrom are the same as those described with reference to FIG. 99, and an etch stop layer 2209 may also be employed as illustrated in FIG. 102.
- the embodiment of FIG. 101 that is, the structure in which the first contact layer 2204 is exposed to the outside has a somewhat easier process of forming the insulator 2208 as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 99.
- the light emitting device package according to the present invention includes the semiconductor light emitting device described above.
- 103 is a schematic view showing a white light emitting device package according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the white light emitting device package 3010 includes a blue light emitting device 3015 and a resin packaging part 3019 having a lens shape convex upwardly.
- the resin packaging portion 3019 employed in the present embodiment is exemplified in a form having a hemispherical lens shape so as to secure a wide orientation.
- the blue light emitting device 3015 may be directly mounted on a separate circuit board.
- the resin packaging part 3019 may be made of the silicone resin, the epoxy resin, or a combination thereof.
- the green phosphor 3012 and the red phosphor 3014 are dispersed in the resin packaging part 3019.
- M 2 SiO 4 Eu
- Re is a silicate-based phosphor
- MA 2 D 4 Eu
- ⁇ -SiAlON Eu
- M It may be at least one phosphor selected from the group consisting of oxide phosphors of 'A' 2 O 4 : Ce, Re '.
- M is at least two elements selected from Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg
- A is at least one selected from Ga, Al, and In
- D is at least one selected from S, Se, and Te
- Mg is at least one selected from, A 'is at least one selected from Sc, Y, Gd, La, Lu, Al and In
- Re is Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, At least one selected from Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, F, Cl, Br, and I
- the red phosphor 3014 employable in the present embodiment is at least one selected from a nitride phosphor of M'AlSiN x : Eu, Re (1 ⁇ x ⁇ 5) and a sulfide phosphor of M'D: Eu, Re. .
- M ' is at least one selected from Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, D is at least one selected from S, Se and Te
- A' is at least selected from Sc, Y, Gd, La, Lu, Al
- In Re is at least one selected from Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, F, Cl, Br and I, and the amount of Re is 1 ppm To 50000 ppm.
- white light having a high color rendering index of 70 or more can be provided by combining a specific green phosphor and a specific red phosphor in consideration of half width, peak wavelength, and / or conversion efficiency.
- color reproducibility can be improved.
- the main wavelength of the blue light emitting device may range from 430 nm to 455 nm.
- the emission wavelength peak of the green phosphor 3012 is in the range of 500 to 550 nm
- the emission wavelength peak of the red phosphor 3014 is in order to secure a broad spectrum in the visible light band and improve a larger color rendering index. It may range from 610 to 660 nm.
- the blue light emitting device may have a half width of 10 to 30 nm
- the green phosphor may have a half width of 30 to 100 nm
- the red phosphor may have a half width of 50 to 150 nm.
- red phosphor 3012 and green phosphor 3014 in addition to the above-described red phosphor 3012 and green phosphor 3014, it may further include a yellow or yellow orange phosphor. In this case, a more improved color rendering index can be obtained. This embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 104.
- the white light emitting device package 3020 includes a package main body 3021 having a reflective cup at the center, a blue light emitting device 3025 mounted at a bottom of the reflective cup, and a reflective cup.
- the inside includes a transparent resin packaging part 3029 encapsulating the blue light emitting element 3025.
- the resin packaging part 3029 may be formed using, for example, a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, or a combination thereof.
- the resin packaging portion 3029 further includes a yellow phosphor or an orange orange phosphor 3026 together with the green phosphor 3012 and the red phosphor 3014 described in FIG.
- the green phosphor 3022 is a silicate phosphor of M 2 SiO 4 : Eu, Re, a sulfide phosphor of MA 2 D 4 : Eu, Re, a phosphor of ⁇ -SiAlON: Eu, Re, and M'A ' 2.
- At least one phosphor selected from the group consisting of an oxide phosphor of O 4 : Ce, Re ', and the red phosphor 3024 is a nitride phosphor of M'AlSiN x : Eu, Re (1 ⁇ x ⁇ 5).
- the present embodiment further includes a third phosphor 3026.
- the third phosphor may be a yellow or yellow orange phosphor capable of emitting light in a wavelength band positioned between the green and red wavelength bands.
- the yellow phosphor may be a silicate-based phosphor, and the yellow orange phosphor may be a phosphor having ⁇ -SiAlON: Eu, Re.
- the two or three phosphors may be provided in different layer structures.
- the green phosphor, the red phosphor, and the yellow or yellow orange phosphor may be provided as a multilayered phosphor film by dispersing the phosphor powder at high pressure.
- the phosphor-containing resin layer structure may be implemented.
- the white light emitting device package 3030 includes a package body 3031 having a reflection cup formed at the center and a blue light emitting device mounted at the bottom of the reflection cup, similar to the previous embodiment. 3035 and a transparent resin packaging part 3039 encapsulating the blue light emitting element 3035 in the reflection cup.
- the wavelength conversion portion is formed into the first resin layer 3032 containing the green phosphor, the second resin layer 3034 containing the red phosphor, and the third resin layer 3036 containing the yellow or yellow orange phosphor. Can be configured.
- the same or similar phosphor as the phosphor shown and described in FIG. 104 may be adopted and used.
- White light obtained through the combination of the phosphors proposed in the present invention can obtain a high color rendering index. More specifically, this will be described with reference to FIG. 106.
- yellow light converted with the blue wavelength light may be obtained. Since there is little wavelength light in the green and red bands in the entire visible light spectrum, it is difficult to secure a color rendering index close to natural light. In particular, since the converted yellow light has a narrow half width to obtain high conversion efficiency, the color rendering index will be further lowered in this case. In addition, in the existing example, since the characteristics of the white light expressed according to a single yellow conversion degree are easily changed, it is difficult to ensure excellent color reproducibility.
- the color rendering index may be further improved by further including a yellow or yellowish orange phosphor capable of providing an intermediate wavelength band between the green and red bands.
- 107 to 109 show results of light generated from a blue light emitting device (about 440 nm) as a wavelength spectrum of the phosphor proposed in the present invention.
- 107A to 107D show spectra for the green phosphor employed in the present invention.
- a silicate-based phosphor having M 2 SiO 4 : Eu, Re (wherein M is at least two elements selected from Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg, and Re is Y, La, Ce, Nd). , Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, F, Cl, Br and I, and Re ranges from 1 ppm to 50000 ppm.
- the converted green light has a peak wavelength of about 530 nm and a half width of about 65 nm.
- the converted green light has a peak wavelength of about 515 nm and a half width of about 100 nm.
- a sulfide-based phosphor of MA 2 D 4 Eu, Re (wherein M is at least two elements selected from Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg, and A is at least one selected from Ga, Al, and In) D is at least one selected from S, Se, and Te, and Re is Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, F, Cl, Br And at least one selected from I, and Re ranges from 1 ppm to 50000 ppm.
- the converted green light has a peak wavelength of about 535 nm and a half width of about 60 nm.
- phosphors ⁇ -SiAlON Eu, Re (where Re is Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, F, At least one selected from Cl, Br and I, and Re ranges from 1 ppm to 50000 ppm).
- the converted green light has a peak wavelength of about 540 nm and a half width of about 45 nm.
- 108A and 108B show spectra for the red phosphor employed in the present invention.
- the converted red light has a peak wavelength of about 640 nm and a half width of about 85 nm.
- the converted red light has a peak wavelength of about 655 nm and a half width of about 55 nm.
- 109A and 109B show spectra for yellow or yellowish orange phosphors that may optionally be employed in the present invention.
- the converted yellow light has a peak wavelength of about 555 nm and a half width of about 90 nm.
- the converted yellow light has a peak wavelength of about 580 nm and a half width of about 35 nm.
- a combination of a specific green phosphor and a specific red phosphor or a yellow or yellow orange phosphor in the combination forms a high color rendering index of 70 or more.
- White light having may be provided.
- the emission wavelength peak of the green phosphor may be in the range of 500 to 550 nm, and the emission wavelength peak of the red phosphor may be in the range of 610 to 660 nm.
- the emission wavelength peak of the yellow or yellow orange phosphor may range from 550 nm to 600 nm.
- the green phosphor may have a half width of 30 to 100 nm
- the red phosphor may have a half width of 50 to 150 nm
- the yellow or yellowish orange phosphor may have a half width of 20 to 100 nm.
- each phosphor having such a condition in the present invention, it is possible to secure a broad spectrum in the visible light band and provide excellent white light having a larger color rendering index.
- Such a light emitting device package may provide a white light source module that can be advantageously used as a light source of the LCD backlight unit. That is, the white light source module according to the present invention may be combined with various optical members (diffusion plate, light guide plate, reflector plate, prism sheet, etc.) as a light source of the LCD backlight unit to form a backlight assembly. 110 and 111 illustrate this white light source module.
- the light source module 3100 for an LCD backlight includes a circuit board 3101 and an array of a plurality of white light emitting device packages 3010 mounted thereon.
- a conductive pattern (not shown) connected to the LED device 3010 may be formed on the upper surface of the circuit board 3101.
- Each white light emitting device package 3010 may be understood as the white light emitting device package illustrated and described with reference to FIG. 103. That is, the blue light emitting device 3015 is directly mounted on the circuit board 3101 by a chip on board (COB) method. Each white light emitting device package 3010 has a hemispherical resin package 3019 having a lens function without a separate reflective wall, so that each white light emitting device package 3100 has a wide orientation angle. Can be represented. The wide direct angle of each white light source can contribute to reducing the size (thickness or width) of the LCD display.
- COB chip on board
- the light source module 3200 for an LCD backlight includes a circuit board 3201 and an array of a plurality of white light emitting device packages 3020 mounted thereon.
- the white light emitting device package 3020 includes a blue light emitting device 3025 mounted in a reflection cup of a package body 3021 and a resin packing part 3029 encapsulating the same.
- yellow or yellowish orange phosphors 3026 are dispersed and included together with the green and red phosphors 3022 and 3024.
- 112 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device package according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the light emitting device package 4000 includes a light emitting device 4011, an electrode structure 4012 and 4013, a package body 4015, a transparent transparent resin 4016, and A recess 4018 on which the light emitting device 4011 is mounted is provided.
- the light emitting element 4011 is bonded to each end of a pair of (metal) wires 4014a and 4014b, and the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 are connected to each of the pair of wires 4014a and 4014b. Each other end is bonded and connected.
- the light emitting device 4011 may be a light emitting device according to various embodiments of the present invention described above.
- the package body 4015 is a molding structure which is injection molded with a resin material to seal the bottom surface and to form an open cavity 4017 at the top.
- the cavity 4017 has an upper inclined surface that is inclined at a predetermined angle, and the upper inclined surface has a high reflectance such as Al, Ag, Ni, etc. to reflect light generated by the light emitting device 4011. It may be provided with a reflective member 4017a.
- the package body 4015 has the pair of electrode structures 4012 and 4013 integrally formed and fixed thereto, and a portion of the upper end surface of the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 is formed through the bottom surface of the cavity 4017. It is exposed to the outside.
- the other ends of the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 are exposed to the outer surface of the package body 4015 so as to be connected to an external power source.
- the depression 4018 is formed by recessing the upper surface of the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 exposed to the bottom surface of the cavity 4017 to a predetermined depth.
- the depression 4018 may be formed in an electrode structure 4012 on which the light emitting device 4011 is mounted among the pair of electrode structures 4012 and 4013.
- the depression 4018 is provided as a bent portion that is bent downward at one end of the electrode structure 4012 on which at least one light emitting element 4011 is mounted, and the bent portion is a flat mounting surface on which the light emitting element 4011 is mounted. And a pair of left and right lower inclined surfaces 4012a and 4013a extending inclined upward at a predetermined angle from the mounting surface to left and right sides and facing the outer surface of the light emitting device 4011.
- the lower inclined surfaces 4012a and 4013a may be provided with reflecting members to reflect light generated when the light emitting device 4011 emits light.
- the depth H of the depression 4018 may be about 50 ⁇ m to about 400 ⁇ m in consideration of the height h of the light emitting device 4011 mounted thereon. By doing so, the height (H) of the cavity of the package body can be lowered to 150 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the brightness can be improved by reducing the filling amount of the transparent transparent resin filled in the cavity 4017. On the other hand, the product can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 113 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device package according to a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 112.
- the light emitting device package according to the present modification has the package body 4015 between the ends of the pair of electrode structures 4012 and 4013 facing each other, unlike the recess 4018 of the previous embodiment.
- the groove 4018a is formed to be recessed to a predetermined depth from the bottom surface of the cavity 4017 during molding.
- the transparent transparent resin 4016 covers the light emitting device 4011 and the wires 4014a and 4014b to cover the light emitting elements 4011 and 4014b to be protected from the external environment, such as epoxy, silicon, and resin filled in the cavity 4017. It is made of the same transparent resin material.
- the transparent transparent resin 4016 is a fluorescence which is a wavelength conversion means of any one of the YAG-based, TAG-based, Silicate-based, Sulfide-based or Nitride-based to convert the light generated from the light emitting device 4011 to white light Substances may be included.
- YAG and TAG fluorescent materials can be selected from (Y, Tb, Lu, Sc, La, Gd, Sm) 3 (Al, Ga, In, Si, Fe) 5 (O, S) 12: Ce, Silicate fluorescent material may be selected from (Sr, Ba, Ca, Mg) 2 SiO 4: (Eu, F, Cl).
- the sulfide-based fluorescent material may be selected from (Ca, Sr) S: Eu, (Sr, Ca, Ba) (Al, Ga) 2S4: Eu
- the Nitride-based phosphor may be selected from (Sr, Ca, Si, Al, O) N: Eu (e.g., CaAlSiN4: Eu ⁇ -SiAlON: Eu) or Ca- ⁇ SiAlON: Eu based (Cax, My) (Si, Al) 12 (O, N) 16, wherein M is Eu, Tb, At least one of Yb or Er is 0.05 ⁇ (x + y) ⁇ 0.3, 0.02 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.27 and 0.03 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3, and may be selected from phosphor components.
- the white light may include yellow (Y) phosphor or green (G) and red (R) phosphor or yellow (Y), green (G), and red (R) in the blue (B) light emitting device.
- Yellow, green, and red phosphors are excited by a blue light emitting device to emit yellow light, green light, and red light, respectively, and the yellow light, green light, and red light are mixed with some blue light emitted from the blue light emitting device to output white light.
- a reflecting member is provided to reflect light generated when the light emitting device 4011 emits light. It is preferable to have lower inclined surfaces 4012b and 4013b, respectively.
- the LED package (4000, 4000 ') having the above configuration is mounted on the mounting surface of the recessed portion in which the light emitting element 4011 disposed in the center of the cavity 4017 is bent downward in the electrode structure 4012 or By being mounted in the recesses 4018a which are recessed between the opposite ends of the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 facing each other, wire bonding is performed via the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 and the wires 4014a and 4014b.
- the upper surface of the light emitting element 4011 may be disposed to be approximately equal to the height of the upper surfaces of the electrode structures 4012 and 4013.
- the maximum height of the wires 4014a and 4014b wire-bonded with the light emitting device 4011 may be lowered as the mounting height of the light emitting device 4011 is lowered.
- the filling amount of the transparent transparent resin 4016 filled in the cavity 4017 may be reduced so as to protect the light emitting device 4011 and the wires 4014a and 4014b, and the filling height H of the transparent resin.
- the mounting height of the light emitting device 4011 may be lowered, the light luminance of light generated when the light emitting device 4011 is emitted may be relatively increased as compared with the related art.
- the top height of the body of the package body 4015 is also lowered as the filling height is lowered, thereby miniaturizing the overall size of the package. You can do it.
- 114A to 114C are schematic views illustrating a process of forming an external lead frame in the light emitting device package according to the present embodiment in detail.
- the negative and positive electrode structures 4012 and 4013 are integrally fixed to the package body 4015 through which most of the body is injection molded of resin material, but the end of the package body 4015 may be connected to an external power source. Exposed to the outer surface of the package body 4015
- the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 exposed downward to the outside of the package body 4015 are bent through side and / or bottom surfaces of the package to be bent in a direction opposite to the light emitting surface on which the cavity 4017 is formed. .
- the electrode structures 4012 and 4013 are formed by bending the electrode structures to the side and / or the rear side (rear or bottom) of the mounting surface (bottom surface) 4019 of the package.
- Forming process is first bend the end of the electrode structure (4012) exposed to the package bottom surface as shown in Figure 114b first to fit the side shape of the package 4000, then package bottom surface as shown in Figure 114c Bending backward 404019 completes the shape of the entire electrode structure 4012.
- the method for producing ⁇ -sialon phosphor according to the present invention has a chemical formula represented by Si (6-x) Al x O y N (6-y) : Ln z , wherein Ln is a rare earth element, and 0 ⁇
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor is prepared by mixing raw materials and heating in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere gas.
- raw materials containing silicon, aluminum, and rare earth metals, which are active materials are used.
- silicon As a raw material of silicon, silicon may be used as a raw material including silicon, and silicon may be used by using only metal silicon or by further mixing a silicon compound containing silicon in addition to metal silicon.
- silicon compound silicon nitride or silicon oxide may be used.
- the metal silicon is preferably a high purity metal silicon which is powdery and has a low content of impurities such as Fe.
- the particle diameter and distribution do not directly affect the particle system of the phosphor.
- the particle diameter and distribution of the silicon powder affect the particle size characteristics such as particle size and shape of the phosphor, and also affect the light emission characteristics of the phosphor, depending on the firing conditions or the raw materials to be combined. ⁇ ⁇ or less is preferable.
- the particle diameter of the metal silicon does not necessarily have to be small because the raw material to be blended and the firing speed are not necessarily reduced, and the shape of the metal silicon is not limited to powder.
- any one of aluminum compounds including metal aluminum and aluminum may be used. Or metal aluminum and an aluminum compound can be used together.
- an aluminum compound containing aluminum, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, or aluminum hydroxide can be used, for example.
- metal silicon is used as the silicon raw material, it is not necessary to use metal aluminum as the aluminum raw material, and only aluminum compounds can be used.
- the particle diameter of the metal aluminum is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the metal aluminum does not necessarily have to be small, and the shape thereof is not limited to the powder form because it is also affected by the raw materials to be blended and the firing speed.
- any one rare earth metal selected from the group consisting of Eu, Ce, Sm, Yb, Dy, Pr, and Tb may be used. Specific examples thereof include oxides such as Eu 2 O 3 , Sm 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 , CeO, Pr 7 O 11 , and Tb 3 O 4 , Eu (NO 3 ) 3 , EuCl 3 , and the like. have.
- the activator raw material may be Eu or Ce.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor prepared according to the present invention may be a phosphor having the following formula (1).
- Ln is a rare earth element, preferably 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 4.2, and 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1.0.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor may be a green light emitting phosphor, and its peak wavelength may be 500 nm to 570 nm.
- a silicon raw material including metal silicon and an aluminum raw material including at least one of metal aluminum and aluminum compound
- Each of the active raw materials is weighed, mixed, filled into a crucible of boron nitride, and the raw material mixture is calcined at high temperature in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere to prepare a ⁇ -sialon phosphor.
- the raw material mixture is made into a phosphor by firing in a high temperature nitrogen atmosphere.
- the N 2 concentration in the nitrogen gas atmosphere containing 90% or more.
- the nitrogen-containing atmosphere gas pressure may be 0.1 Mpa to 20 Mpa.
- the heating is preferably a high temperature of 1850 °C to 2150 °C. Although it may vary depending on the composition of the raw material, firing at a high temperature of 1900 ° C. to 2100 ° C. at a gas pressure of 0.8 Mpa or more is preferable to prepare a phosphor having high brightness. Then, after heating, the heated raw material mixture may be ground or classified to adjust the particle size characteristics. The ground or classified raw material compound may be refired at high temperature.
- each raw material is weighed by a predetermined amount of a silicon raw material, an aluminum raw material, and an active raw material, which are parent raw materials, and mixed with a ball mill or a mixer to prepare a mixture.
- the raw material mixture is placed in a high temperature heat resistant container such as a BN crucible and placed in an electric furnace where pressurized and vacuum fired. This was heated to a temperature rise rate of 20 ° C./min or less under a pressure of 2 Mpa at a gas pressure of 0.2 Mpa in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere and heated to 1800 ° C. or more to prepare a ⁇ -sialon phosphor.
- the phosphors of Comparative Example 3 in Comparative Example 1 prepared by using the silicon raw material, the aluminum raw material and the compounding ratio thereof in Example 1 to Example 9 and the silicon raw material not containing metal silicon were all activated by Eu.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor which is a green luminescent phosphor having a peak wavelength of 520 to 560 nm.
- Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) and metal silicon (Si) are used as the silicon raw material, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) is used as the aluminum raw material, and europium oxide (Eu 2 O 3 ) is used as the active material. It was. 4.047 g of Si 3 N 4 , 5.671 g of Si, 0.589 g of Al 2 O 3 , and 0.141 g of Eu 2 O 3 were weighed, mixed with a mixer and a sieve, and then charged into a BN crucible, followed by a pressure resistant electric furnace. Set in. Firing was heated to 500 ° C. under vacuum and N 2 gas was introduced at 500 ° C. The temperature was raised to 5 ° C every minute from 500 ° C to 1950 ° C under N 2 gas atmosphere, and calcined at 1950 ° C for 5 hours while the gas pressure was 0.8 Mpa or more.
- the mixture was cooled, the crucible was taken out of the electric furnace, and the resulting phosphor was fired at a high temperature to pulverize, and a phosphor of 100 mesh was used to obtain a phosphor.
- the prepared phosphor was washed with hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid and dispersed, and then sufficiently dried, and the phosphor was classified using a 50 mesh sieve to obtain the phosphor of Example 1.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.349 g of Si 3 N 4 and 7.291 g of Si were used.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6.744 g of Si 3 N 4 and 4.051 g of Si were used.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 9.442 g of Si 3 N 4 and 2.430 g of Si were used.
- Si 3 N 4 As a silicon source material, it was prepared by only 8.101 g except that is uses the same method as in Example 1, a sialon phosphor between ⁇ - Si.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Si 3 N 4 was used only and 13.488 g of Si 3 N 4 was used as the silicon raw material.
- Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) and metal silicon (Si) were used as the silicon raw material, aluminum nitride (AlN) was used as the aluminum raw material, and europium oxide (Eu 2 O 3 ) was used as the active material.
- Si 3 N 4 , 3.241 g of Si, 0.379 g of AlN, and 0.137 g of Eu 2 O 3 were weighed, mixed with a mixer and a sieve, charged into a BN crucible, and placed in a pressure resistant electric furnace. It was. Firing was heated at 1450 ° C. for 5 hours or more under a nitrogen atmosphere, and after cooling, the fired product was pulverized.
- the pulverized fired product was again charged into a BN crucible and placed in a pressure resistant electric furnace. Heat to 500 ° C. under vacuum and introduce N 2 gas at 500 ° C. The temperature was raised from 500 ° C to 2000 ° C every minute at 5 ° C under N 2 gas atmosphere, and calcined at 2000 ° C for 5 hours while the gas pressure was 0.8 Mpa or more.
- the mixture was cooled, the crucible was taken out of the electric furnace, and the resulting phosphor was fired at a high temperature to pulverize, and a phosphor of 100 mesh was used to obtain a phosphor.
- the prepared phosphor was washed with hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid and dispersed, and then sufficiently dried, and the phosphor was classified using a 50 mesh sieve to obtain the phosphor of Example 6.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that 7.554 g of Si 3 N 4 and 1.944 g of Si were used.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that Si 3 N 4 alone was used 10.791 g instead of Si as a silicon raw material.
- ⁇ -sialon phosphor was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 9 except that Si 3 N 4 was used only and 13.488 g of Si 3 and 0.473 g of Al were used as the silicon raw materials.
- Table 2 shows the compounding ratios of the raw materials used in the above-described examples and comparative examples.
- Phosphor prepared according to Example 1 was subjected to classification by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), the results are shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 115 and using JCPDS data, it was confirmed that the prepared phosphor was ⁇ -sialon phosphor.
- the emission characteristics were measured by irradiation of excitation light at 460 nm, and the emission spectrum results of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Example 1 and the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Comparative Example 1 are shown in FIG. 116.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Example 1 has a light emission peak at 541 nm and a half width at 54.7 nm for green light emission phosphor.
- the brightness is 27% higher than that of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Comparative Example 1.
- the excitation spectrum of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Example 1 was measured as luminescence color of 541 nm as detection light. The result is shown in FIG. It can be seen that there is an excitation zone up to the ultraviolet and visible region around 500 nm.
- Example 1 7 parts by weight of the ⁇ -sialon phosphors of Comparative Example 3 in Example 9 and Comparative Example 1, 3 parts by weight of the red CaAlSiN 3 : Eu phosphor, and 10 parts by weight of the silicone resin were mixed well, and the slurry was The slurry was poured into a cup on a mount lid equipped with a blue light emitting LED light emitting element, and cured at 130 ° C. for 1 hour after injection to prepare a white LED using the present phosphor. The luminance of the manufactured white LED was measured.
- Example 1 to Example 9 and Comparative Example 1 the peak emission wavelength of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of Comparative Example 3 and the brightness of the white LED manufactured using the same are shown in Table 3 below. (Parts by weight)
- Example 1 to Example 9 and Comparative Example 1 in Comparative Example 3 the emission peak wavelength is about 540nm it can be seen that the green phosphor.
- the white LED using the phosphor of Example 3 in Example 1 exhibited relatively high luminance, with luminance of 124 to 127.
- Example 4 in which the ratio of the metal silicon was smaller than the ratio of the silicon nitride, the luminance was lower than that of Example 3 in Examples 1 in which the ratio of the metal silicon was larger than the ratio of the silicon nitride.
- Example 5 and Example 8 using only Si as the silicon raw material Example 4 showed lower luminance than that of Examples 3 and 6, but the proportion of metal silicon was less than that of silicon nitride.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor of a higher brightness can be produced by using a metal silicon showing a higher luminance than Example 7, the ratio of the metal silicon is smaller than Example 6.
- Comparative Example 3 has a luminance of 100, respectively, and as compared with the case where the metal raw material is not used as the parent raw material, the luminance is lower.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor described above can be advantageously applied to light emitting devices and modules that provide white light through different phosphor combinations.
- the backlight device according to the present invention includes the above-described light emitting device package.
- the light emitting device package mounting the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention may be applied to a light source of various other devices such as a lighting device and a vehicle headlight, in addition to a surface light source device such as a backlight device.
- 118 is a schematic view illustrating a surface light source device having a flat light guide plate, that is, a backlight device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the backlight device 5000 having the flat light guide plate according to the present invention is a tandem surface light source device, and includes n LED light source modules 5010 and n flat light guide plates 5020.
- a plurality of light emitting device packages 5012 are arranged in a line on the substrate 5011, and n LED light source modules 5010 configured as described above are arranged in parallel with each other.
- a flat light guide plate 5020 arranged on one side of each of the n LED light source modules 5010 is provided.
- the backlight device having the flat light guide plate 5020 is disposed under the LED light source module 5010 and the bottom of the flat light guide plate 5020 to reflect the light emitted from the LED light source module 5010 (not shown). May be provided).
- the upper portion of the flat light guide plate 5020 is reflected by a reflecting member, and the light passing through the diffusion sheet or the diffusion sheet for diffusing the light refracted by the flat light guide plate to the liquid crystal panel side in various directions is collected into the front viewing angle. It may be provided with an optical sheet (not shown) such as a prism sheet to serve.
- the LED light source module 5010 may be formed of a plurality of light emitting device packages 5012 mounted in a top view.
- the flat light guide plate 5020 is a plate-type, and is disposed in a direction in which light is emitted from the LED light source and is made of a transparent material to allow light to pass therethrough.
- the flat light guide plate has a simpler shape compared to the wedge light guide plate and is easy to mass-produce, and it is also easy to align the light guide plate on the LED light source.
- the flat light guide plate 5020 is formed in a light incident part 5021 to which light from the LED light source 5010 is incident, and is formed in a flat plate shape having a uniform thickness, and emits light incident from the LED light source to the liquid crystal panel side with illumination light.
- a light guide plate 5024 having a light emitting surface having an exit surface, and a front end portion 5022 formed protruding from the light incident portion 5021 on the basis of the light exit portion, and having a thickness smaller than the thickness of the light incident portion;
- a tip portion 5022 of 5020 is disposed to cover the top of the LED light source 5010. That is, the n + 1 th LED light source 5010 is positioned under the tip portion 5022 of the n th flat light guide plate 5020.
- the tip portion 5022 of the flat light guide plate 5020 has a prism shape 5023 on its lower surface.
- the light emitted from the LED package 5012 is not emitted directly to the light guide plate 5020, but is scattered by the prism shape 5023 provided on the bottom surface of the tip portion 5022 of the flat light guide plate 5020. Is dispersed. As a result, hot spots generated in the light guide plate on the LED light source 5010 can be removed.
- FIG. 119 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the flat light guide plate 5020 illustrated in FIG. 118.
- the flat light guide plate 5020 is formed as a light incident part 5021 to which light from an LED light source 5010 made of a plurality of LED packages 5012 is incident, and has a flat plate shape having a uniform thickness.
- a light exit part 5024 having an exit surface for emitting light incident on the light incident part 5021 to the liquid crystal panel (not shown) as illumination light, and a light exit part 5021 opposite to the light exit part 5024.
- a tip portion 5022 having a cross section of a thickness narrower than that of the light incident portion 5021.
- Tip portion 5022 has a prism shape 5023 to disperse a portion of the light from the LED package 5012 arranged below it.
- the prism shape 5023 may be at least one of a triangular prism, a conical prism, and a hemispherical prism capable of dispersing and scattering incident light.
- the prism shape of the tip portion 5022 may be formed on the entirety of the tip portion 5022, or may be partially formed only on the LED package 5012. Such a prism shape may eliminate hot spots generated in the light guide plate 5020 on the LED package 5012.
- the light guide plate 5020 on the LED package 5012 is formed by a part of the light emitted from the LED package 5012 by processing the prism shape 5023 on the lower surface of the tip portion 5022.
- a process of processing a separate diffusion sheet and a prism sheet between the LED package and the light guide plate is unnecessary.
- FIGS. 120 to 125 a backlight device having a flat light guide plate according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 120 to 125.
- FIG. 120 is an exploded perspective view of a backlight device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 121 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II ′ of the backlight device illustrated in FIG. 120.
- the backlight device may include a plurality of light guide plates, but two light guide plates are illustrated for convenience of description.
- the backlight device 6000 includes a lower cover 6010, a light guide plate 6020, a light source device 6030, and a fixing unit 6040.
- the lower cover 6010 has a storage space.
- the storage space may be formed by a plate forming a bottom surface of the lower cover 6010 and a sidewall bent at an edge of the plate.
- the lower cover 6010 may include a fastener or a fastening part 6011 to which the fixing means 6040 to be described later is fastened.
- the fastener or fastening part 6011 may be a through-hole part through which the fixing means 6040 to be described later, or a groove part into which the fixing means is inserted.
- the light guide plate 6020 is divided into a plurality of parts.
- the plurality of light guide plates 6020 are arranged in parallel in the storage space of the lower cover 6010.
- Each of the light guide plates 6020 has a through hole 6061 penetrating the body.
- the through hole 6061 is disposed at an edge of the light guide plate 6020.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the position and the number of the through holes 6061.
- the through hole 6061 is disposed to correspond to the fastening part 6011.
- the shape of the light guide plate 6020 is illustrated as a quadrangular shape, the light guide plate 6020 may have various shapes such as a triangle and a hexagon.
- a plurality of light source devices 6030 for providing light to the light guide plate 6020 is disposed at one side of each of the light guide plates 6020.
- Each light source device 6030 may include a light source for forming light, that is, a light emitting device package 6031 and a substrate 6062 having a plurality of circuit patterns for applying a driving voltage of the light emitting device package 6031. Can be.
- the light emitting device package 6031 may include a sub light emitting device for implementing blue, green, and red colors, respectively.
- the blue, green, and red lights emitted from the sub-light emitting devices implementing the blue, green, and red colors may be mixed with each other to implement white light.
- the light emitting device may include a blue light emitting device and a phosphor for converting a part of the blue light emitted from the blue light emitting device into yellow. In this case, the blue and the yellow may be mixed to implement white light.
- the light formed by the light source device 6030 is incident on the side surface of the light guide plate 6020 and is emitted upward by total internal reflection of the light guide plate 6020.
- the fixing means 6040 serves to fix the light guide plate 6020 to the lower cover 6010 to prevent the light guide plate 6020 from flowing.
- the fixing means 6040 is inserted into the through hole 6061 of the light guide plate 6020 to fix the light guide plate 6020 on the lower cover 6010.
- the fixing means 6040 may pass through the fastening part 6011 of the light guide plate 6020, for example, the through hole part or be inserted into the insertion groove via the through hole 6061 of the light guide plate 120. have.
- the fixing means 6040 includes a body portion 6062 and a head portion 6061 extending from the body portion 6062.
- the body portion 6062 may pass through the through hole of the light guide plate 6020 and may be fastened to the fastening portion 6011. That is, the body part 6062 couples the light guide plate 6020 and the lower cover 6010 to each other to fix the light guide plate 6020 on the lower cover 6010.
- the head portion 6061 has a wider width than the body portion 6062, thereby preventing the fixing means 6040 from completely exiting through the through hole 6061 of the light guide plate 6020.
- the head 6061 may have a cross-sectional shape of any one of various shapes, for example, semicircular, semi-elliptic, square, and triangle.
- the head portion 6061 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, the contact between the fixing means 6040 and the optical member 6060 to be described later can be minimized, and black spots due to the fixing means 6040 are generated. You can minimize it.
- the light emitted from the light guide plate 6020 may be uniformly provided on the optical member 6060.
- the head part 6061 supports the optical member 6060, thereby maintaining a gap between the light guide plate 6020 and the optical member 6060 to be described later.
- the gap between the light guide plate 6020 and the optical member 6060 may be adjusted by adjusting the height of the head 6061.
- the fixing member 6040 may be made of a material transmitting light, for example, transparent plastic, in order to minimize the influence on the image quality.
- a reflective member 6050 may be disposed under each of the light guide plates 6020.
- the reflective member 6050 reflects the light emitted to the lower portion of the light guide plate 6020 and re-injects the light into the light guide plate 6020, thereby improving light efficiency of the backlight device.
- the reflective member 6050 may include a through hole 6061 and a through part 6061 corresponding to the fastening part 6011.
- the fixing means 6040 may be fastened to the fastening part 6011 via the through hole 6061 and the through part 6061.
- the reflective member 6050 may be fixed on the lower cover 6010 by the fixing means 6040.
- the backlight device may further include an optical member 6060 disposed on the light guide plate 6020.
- the optical member 6060 may include a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, and a protective sheet disposed on the light guide plate 6040.
- the backlight device includes a plurality of light guide plates, the local dimming effect by partial driving may be further improved.
- the light guide plates divided into a plurality of parts may be fixed on the lower cover by using fixing means, thereby preventing defects due to the flow of the light guide plates.
- the gap between the light guide plate and the optical member may be maintained by the fixing means, thereby providing uniform light to the liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 122 is a plan view showing an LED backlight device according to still another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 123 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region A shown in FIG. 122 before the substrate is fastened
- FIG. Sectional perspective view. 125 is a sectional view seen along the cutting line II-II 'of FIG. 124.
- the LED backlight device includes a lower cover 6110 having a fastener or a fastening portion formed of a first through hole 6110a or a groove, and the lower cover 6110.
- a plurality of light guide plates 6120 disposed on the bottom of the lower cover 6110 on one side of each of the light guide plates 6120, and wires to which a voltage is applied from the outside.
- a plurality of LED packages 6132 providing a plurality of light guide plates, and a light guide plate 6120 adjacent to and coupled to a second through hole 6131a of the substrate 6131 and / or a first through hole 6110a of the lower cover 6110.
- the lower cover having a first through hole (6110a) (or (concave) groove formed concave on the plate) to form a storage space penetrating the plate forming the bottom surface to form a circular, rectangular or oval shape ( 6110 is made of iron (Fe) or electro-galvanized steel sheet (EGI) and the like to form a lower frame, and furthermore, the lower cover 6110 is formed to extend vertically upward from the edge region of the plate forming the bottom surface It may have side walls, ie side frames.
- the bottom surface of the lower frame may be divided into a plurality of areas formed in a row for the configuration of the split type backlight device, and the plurality of areas may be bounded by, for example, concave grooves formed in one region. have.
- the concave grooves that distinguish the plurality of regions here correspond to the accommodating grooves of the substrate 6131 described later.
- first through hole 6110a on the lower cover 6110 may have various shapes in addition to a circular, oval or rectangular shape, but a through hole having a long width, more precisely, two long sides and two long sides that are parallel to each other. It can take the form of a through hole having two short sides formed to be connected to each other with a predetermined curvature at both ends, wherein the long axis direction (Y axis) of the first through hole (6110a) is in the same direction as the light traveling direction It is more preferably formed on the lower cover 6110 to achieve.
- the (fastening) grooves also have the same structural characteristics as above.
- a reflecting plate (not shown) is attached to the bottom surface except for the recessed groove.
- a reflective plate is usually used a white polyester film or a film coated with a metal (Ag, Al), etc., the light reflectance of the visible light in the reflecting plate is about 90 ⁇ 97%, the thicker the coated film, the higher the reflectance.
- the plurality of reflecting plates provided on the bottom surface of the lower cover 6110 may be positioned between the LED package 6132 provided with light and the light guide plate 6120 located adjacent to the back surface of the LED package 6132. It may be extended.
- an optical member (not shown) provided on one side of the light guide plate 6120 is provided on the upper side after being reflected back by the reflecting plate without being interfered by the LED package 6132 disposed on the other side of the light guide plate 6120. It can be provided in the direction of) can be increased the reflection efficiency of the light.
- the LED light source 6130 is provided at one side of the concave accommodation groove or the light guide plate 6120 of the lower cover 6110. At this time, the LED light source 6130 is provided in the concave receiving groove, for example, is provided horizontally on the bottom surface of the lower cover 6110, the wiring is formed so that voltage can be applied from the outside and the first of the lower cover 6110
- a substrate 6131 has a second through hole 6131a corresponding to the through hole 6110a, that is, a PCB and an LED package 6132 mounted on the substrate 6131.
- the substrate 6131 has a second through hole 6131a formed between the LED package 6132 and the LED package 6132, and thus, the substrate 6131 having the second through hole 6131a has a lower cover.
- the second through hole 6131a formed on the bottom surface of the lower cover 6110 so as to correspond to (or face) the first through hole 6110a of 6110 is formed on the substrate 6131.
- first through hole 6110a of the lower cover 6110 may be circular or elliptical, but in the present invention, a through hole having a width in a long direction, that is, two long sides parallel to each other, and both ends of the two long sides It has the shape of a through hole having two short sides formed to be connected to each other with a predetermined curvature, the long axis direction (X axis) of the second through hole (6131a) is formed to be perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light, and eventually the substrate (6131)
- the second through hole 6131 a of the second axis has a long axis direction (X axis) of the first through hole 6110 a of the lower cover 6110. It is formed to intersect with the major axis direction (Y axis).
- the size of the second through hole (6131a) formed on the substrate (6131), more specifically, the distance (or distance) between the two long sides may be related to the diameter of the body of the fixing means (6140) formed with a thread, This is because the size of the second through hole 6131a may affect the distance between the LED package 6132 providing the light and the light guide plate 6120 to which the light provided from the LED package 6132 is incident. We will see more about this later.
- the LED package 6132 is fixed on the substrate 6131 again to form an outer frame, and the light emitting is mounted in the receiving body of the package main body 6133 and the receiving groove of the package main body 6133 to provide light And a pair of first and second electrode structures (not shown) formed so as to be exposed to the element 6133 and the accommodating groove, and to which the light emitting element 6133 is mounted and electrically connected to the wiring on the substrate 6131.
- the LED package 6132 may further include a resin packing part 6136 formed in the receiving groove to provide white light when the light emitting device 6133 is a blue light emitting device, wherein the resin packing part 6136 is yellow. It may include a phosphor.
- the resin packaging part 6136 may inject a gel-type epoxy resin containing a YAG-based yellow phosphor or a gel-type silicone resin containing a YAG-based yellow phosphor into a storage groove of the package body 6133. It can be formed through UV (ultraviolet) curing or thermosetting.
- the present invention is not intended to be limited to the LED package 6132, which is composed of a blue light emitting element and a yellow phosphor, and for example, a resin package in which red, green, and blue phosphors are provided on the near ultraviolet chip and the near ultraviolet chip. It may be made of a resin packaging portion formed by sequentially stacking negative or red, green, and blue phosphors, respectively.
- a plurality of light guide plates 6120 are provided on the bottom surface of the lower cover 6110 divided into a plurality of regions.
- the side surface of the light guide plate 6120 is provided to be in close contact with the package body 6133 so that light provided from the light emitting element 6133 mounted in the receiving groove of the package body 6133 can be introduced into the light guide plate 6120 without loss. It may be desirable.
- the light guide plate 6120 is made of PMMA, and the light absorbing plate 6120 is the least absorbing light in the visible light region of the polymer material, so that the transparency and gloss are very high. It does not break or deform due to its high mechanical strength, and is light and chemically resistant. In addition, the transmittance of visible light is as high as 90-91%, the internal loss is very low, and it is also strong in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, elongation strength, chemical properties, and resistance.
- the fixing means 6140 is fastened to the substrate 6131 between the light guide plate 6120 and the light guide plate 6120.
- the fixing means 6140 is a screw-like shape made of a transparent material, and the light guide plate is provided on both sides of the LED package 6132, that is, the front surface from which light is emitted and the rear surface opposite to the front surface.
- the lower cover 6110 corresponding to the second through hole 6131a and the second through hole 6131a of the substrate 6131 so as to simultaneously fix the adjacent light guide plate 6120 while keeping the interval of the 6120 constant. Is penetrated through the first through hole 6110a.
- the fixing means 6140 of the present invention is made of a transparent material so that the light guided in the light guide plate 6120 can be provided to the optical member disposed on the upper side without interference, made of the same material as the light guide plate 6120. Seems desirable.
- the fixing means 6140 of the present invention consists of a head having a variety of shapes, such as substantially circular or square, and a body portion of a cylindrical or cylindrical shape formed extending to the head, the fixing means (6140) It may be fixed to the second through hole (6131a) of the substrate (6131) and / or the first through hole (6110a) of the lower cover (6110) through the thread formed on the outer surface of the body portion of the.
- the body portion of the fixing means 6140 may also form a square pillar.
- the size of the head part is designed to cover a part of the gap between the light guide plate 6120 and the light guide plate 6120 and one side edge area of the light guide plate 6120, so that the size of the head part is slightly changed according to the distance between the light guide plate 6120 and the light guide plate 6120.
- the diameter of the body portion is formed to be equal to the distance or distance between the two long sides parallel to each other in the second through hole (6131a) of the substrate (6131) and / or the first through hole (6110a) of the lower cover (6110). It would be desirable to be.
- the fixing means 6140 may change the size of the head portion or the length of the diameter of the body portion slightly, even with respect to the size of the second through hole 6131 a of the substrate 6131, as described above.
- the smaller size of the second through hole 6131a of 6131 is that the diameter of the body portion of the fixing means 6140 becomes smaller, which in turn can narrow the gap between the LED package 6132 and the light guide plate 6120. Can mean.
- the fixing means 6140 may be formed of a light guide plate 6120 which is disposed adjacent to the substrate 6131 to which the LED package 6132 is fixed when screwed to the substrate 6131 and / or the lower cover 6110. By pressing the upper corner region to the head portion, even if an external impact occurs, the light guide plate 6120 may be prevented from flowing.
- the fixing means 6140 may be additionally tightened with the nut through the first through hole 6110a of the lower cover 6110 so that the strength of the force may be reinforced.
- the fixing means 6140 fastened on the substrate 6131 may serve as a spacer between the LED package 6132 and the light guide plate 6120, and thus, a gap between the LED package 6132 and the light guide plate 6120. It is possible to cope with the contraction and / or expansion of the light guide plate (6120) by maintaining a constant.
- the fixing means 6140 is not necessarily to form a screw thread.
- the first through hole of the second through hole 6131 a of the substrate 6131 and the lower cover 6110 through the hook portion formed at the end portion corresponding to the head of the screw. After being fastened through the 6210a, it may be fixed by the lower cover 6110.
- optical member (not shown) is provided on the upper side of the plurality of light guide plates 6120 to compensate for the optical characteristics of the light provided through the light guide plate 6120.
- the optical member may include, for example, a diffuser plate having a diffusion pattern for alleviating non-uniformity of light transmitted through the light guide plate 6120, a prism sheet having a condensation pattern for increasing the front luminance of the light, and the like.
- the present invention maintains a constant distance by the fixing means 6140 provided between the light guide plate 6120 and the light guide plate 6120 to fix the light guide plate 6120 by external impact or the like. Can be prevented, and the light guide plate 6120 can be contracted in a direction (X axis) perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light.
- the fixing means 6140 fastened to the first through hole 6110a of the lower cover 6110 having a long axis direction (Y-axis) formed along the light traveling direction and the first through hole 6110a.
- the light guide plate 6120, the fixing means 6140, and / or the substrate 6131 are provided along the long axis direction (Y axis) of the first through hole 6110a of the lower cover 6110. ) Can be moved together, so that a certain distance between the light guide plate 6120 and the LED package 6132 can be maintained as it is, so that the bright spot and bright phenomenon can be improved.
- the liquid crystal display according to the present invention may include the LED backlight device according to the above embodiments, and may further include a liquid crystal panel (not shown) provided on the optical member.
- the liquid crystal display may further include a mold structure called a main support in order to prevent distortion of the display device from an external impact or the like.
- a backlight device is provided under the main support and a liquid crystal panel is provided on the upper side. Is loaded.
- the liquid crystal panel includes a thin film transistor array substrate and a color filter substrate bonded to each other, and includes a liquid crystal layer injected between the two substrates.
- the signal lines such as the gate line and the data line cross each other on the thin film transistor array substrate, and the thin film transistor TFT is formed at the intersection of the data line and the gate line.
- These TFTs switch the video signals to be transmitted from the data line to the liquid crystal cell of the liquid crystal layer, that is, the data signals of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) in response to the scan signal provided through the gate line.
- a pixel electrode is formed in the pixel region between the data line and the gate line.
- a black matrix formed corresponding to the gate and data lines of the thin film transistor array substrate and a region partitioned by the black matrix are provided to provide colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
- a common electrode provided on the black matrix and the color filter.
- a data pad extending from the data line and a gate pad extending from the gate line are formed.
- the pads are connected to the data pad and the gate pad, respectively.
- a gate driver and a data driver for applying a signal are provided.
- an upper cover may be provided on the liquid crystal panel to cover the four edge regions of the liquid crystal panel and to be fixed to the lower cover 210 or the sidewall of the main support.
- the upper cover is also made of the same material as the lower cover 210.
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Abstract
Description
발광면적(cm2) | 전류밀도(A/cm2) | 발광효율(lm/W) | 향상율(%) |
0.0056 | 62.5 | 46.9 | 100 |
0.0070 | 50.0 | 51.5 | 110 |
0.0075 | 46.7 | 52.9 | 113 |
0.0080 | 43.8 | 54.1 | 115 |
실시예번호 | Si3N4(g) | Si(g) | Al2O3(g) | AlN(g) | Al(g) | Eu2O3(g) |
실시예 1 | 4.047 | 5.671 | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
실시예 2 | 1.349 | 7.291 | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
실시예 3 | 6.744 | 4.051 | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
실시예 4 | 9.442 | 2.430 | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
실시예 5 | - | 8.101 | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
비교예 1 | 13.488 | - | 0.589 | - | - | 0.141 |
실시예 6 | 5.395 | 3.241 | - | 0.379 | - | 0.137 |
실시예 7 | 7.554 | 1.944 | - | 0.379 | - | 0.137 |
실시예 8 | - | 6.481 | - | 0.379 | - | 0.137 |
비교예 2 | 10.791 | - | - | 0.379 | - | 0.137 |
실시예 9 | 6.744 | 4.051 | - | - | 0.312 | 0.172 |
비교예 3 | 13.488 | - | - | - | 0.473 | 0.172 |
실시예번호 | 규소원료물질 | 알루미늄원료물질 | 발광 피크 파장(nm) | 휘도(sb) | |
종류 | Si/Si3N4(중량부) | 종류 | |||
실시예 1 | Si/Si3N4 | 70/30 | Al2O3 | 541 | 127 |
실시예 2 | Si/Si3N4 | 90/10 | Al2O3 | 541 | 124 |
실시예 3 | Si/Si3N4 | 50/50 | Al2O3 | 541 | 124 |
실시예 4 | Si/Si3N4 | 30/70 | Al2O3 | 541 | 107 |
실시예 5 | Si | - | Al2O3 | 541 | 118 |
비교예 1 | Si3N4 | - | Al2O3 | 541 | 100 |
실시예 6 | Si/Si3N4 | 50/50 | AlN | 540 | 113 |
실시예 7 | Si/Si3N4 | 30/70 | AlN | 538 | 115 |
실시예 8 | Si | - | AlN | 540 | 106 |
비교예 2 | Si3N4 | - | AlN | 540 | 100 |
실시예 9 | Si/Si3N4 | 50/50 | Al | 540 | 119 |
비교예 3 | Si3N4 | - | AlN | 536 | 100 |
Claims (19)
- 도전성 기판, 제1전극층, 절연층, 제2전극층, 제2반도체층, 활성층 및 제1반도체층이 순차적으로 적층된 발광구조물을 포함하되,상기 제2전극층은 상기 제2반도체층과의 계면을 이루는 표면 중 일부가 노출된 영역을 하나 이상 구비하고,상기 제1전극층은 상기 제2전극층, 제2반도체층 및 활성층을 관통하고, 상기 제1반도체층의 일정 영역까지 관통한 복수개의 콘택홀을 통해 상기 제1반도체층의 일정 영역까지 연장되어 상기 제1반도체층과 전기적으로 연결되도록 구비하고,상기 절연층은 상기 제1전극층과 제2전극층 사이 및 상기 콘택홀들의 측면에 구비되어 상기 제1전극층과 제2전극층, 제2반도체층 및 활성층이 절연되도록 구비하고,상기 제1전극층과 제1반도체층이 접촉하는 면적이 상기 발광구조물 면적의 0.615 내지 15.68%인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들은 균일하게 배치되어 있는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들은 1 내지 48000개인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 반도체 발광 소자의 면적 1000000㎛2당 상기 제1전극층과 반도체층이 접촉하는 면적이 6150 내지 156800㎛2인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들 중 서로 이웃한 콘택홀의 중심점들간의 거리는 5 내지 500㎛인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제2전극층의 노출된 영역 상에 형성된 전극패드부를 더 포함하는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 6 항에 있어서,상기 제2전극층의 노출된 영역은 상기 반도체 발광 소자의 모서리에 형성되는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제2전극층은 상기 활성층으로부터 발생한 빛을 반사시키는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제2전극층은 Ag, Al, Pt, Ni, Pt, Pd, Au, Ir 및 투명전도성 산화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 물질을 포함하는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 도전성 기판은 Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se 및 GaAs로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 물질을 포함하는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제1전극층과 제1반도체층이 접촉하는 면적이 상기 발광구조물 면적의 3 내지 13%인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 도전성 기판;상기 도전성 기판 상에 순차적으로 형성된 제2반도체층, 활성층 및 제1반도체층을 구비하는 발광구조물;상기 제2반도체층 및 활성층을 관통하여 상기 제1반도체층과 그 내부에서 접속된 콘택홀 및 상기 콘택홀로부터 연장되어 상기 발광구조물의 외부로 노출된 전기 연결부를 구비하는 제1전극층; 및상기 제1전극층을 상기 도전성 기판, 제2반도체층 및 활성층과 전기적으로 분리시키기 위한 절연층;을 포함하며,상기 콘택홀과 상기 제1반도체층이 접촉하는 면적은 상기 발광구조물 면적의 0.615 내지 15.68%인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들은 균일하게 배치되어 있는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들은 1 내지 48000개인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 반도체 발광 소자의 면적 1000000㎛2당 상기 제1전극층과 반도체층이 접촉하는 면적이 6150 내지 156800㎛2인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 13 항에 있어서,상기 콘택홀들 중 서로 이웃한 콘택홀의 중심점들간의 거리는 5 내지 500㎛인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 제1전극층과 제1반도체층이 접촉하는 면적이 상기 발광구조물 면적의 3 내지 13%인 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 제2전극층은 Ag, Al, Pt, Ni, Pt, Pd, Au, Ir 및 투명전도성 산화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 물질을 포함하는 반도체 발광 소자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 도전성 기판은 Au, Ni, Al, Cu, W, Si, Se 및 GaAs로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 물질을 포함하는 반도체 발광 소자.
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- 2009-10-22 EP EP09822229.2A patent/EP2357680B1/en active Active
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CN102332512A (zh) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-25 | Lg伊诺特有限公司 | 发光器件 |
CN102332512B (zh) * | 2010-07-12 | 2016-05-04 | Lg伊诺特有限公司 | 发光器件 |
JP2013546200A (ja) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-12-26 | マイクロン テクノロジー, インク. | 接近可能な電極を具備する固体照明装置および製造方法 |
US20120168712A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-05 | Lextar Electronics Corporation | High bright light emitting diode |
US20120299047A1 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | Tae Jin Kim | Light emitting device, light emitting device package, and light unit |
US20140219304A1 (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2014-08-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor light emitting device |
US9300111B2 (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2016-03-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor light emitting device |
CN110854251A (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2020-02-28 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | 发光二极管 |
CN110854251B (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2023-03-07 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | 发光二极管 |
CN110246948A (zh) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 三星电子株式会社 | 发光二极管封装件及其制造方法 |
CN113421953A (zh) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-21 | 马鞍山杰生半导体有限公司 | 深紫外发光二极管及其制作方法 |
CN113421953B (zh) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-13 | 马鞍山杰生半导体有限公司 | 深紫外发光二极管及其制作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101601626B1 (ko) | 2016-03-17 |
TWI488339B (zh) | 2015-06-11 |
EP2357680B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
DE102009030243A1 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
US20150147835A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
US8975653B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
US20140070263A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
EP2357680A2 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
US9997663B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 |
US20100096652A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
US9680050B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
US20120032218A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
CN102217105A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
US20170323999A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
CN102217105B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
US20180351033A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
US10333023B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
DE202009018090U1 (de) | 2011-02-10 |
TW201034246A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
WO2010047553A3 (ko) | 2010-07-29 |
JP5256101B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
US8686454B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
US8008683B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
EP2357680A4 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
KR20100044726A (ko) | 2010-04-30 |
JP2010103469A (ja) | 2010-05-06 |
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