CN1954273A - 集成环境中具有定制的流程图形显示层的加工厂用户界面系统 - Google Patents
集成环境中具有定制的流程图形显示层的加工厂用户界面系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1954273A CN1954273A CNA2005800142834A CN200580014283A CN1954273A CN 1954273 A CN1954273 A CN 1954273A CN A2005800142834 A CNA2005800142834 A CN A2005800142834A CN 200580014283 A CN200580014283 A CN 200580014283A CN 1954273 A CN1954273 A CN 1954273A
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Abstract
一种为加工厂提供用户界面的方法包括通过用户界面显示加工厂的加工厂部件的图形描绘。通过处理关于加工厂运行的数据,为加工厂部件的流程图形显示的多个内容层产生信息。通过用户界面显示的内容通过从所述产生信息中确定多个内容层中的哪个内容层被显示来确定。在一些实施例中,所述确定可以基于用户简介特征。所述产生信息因此可以通过用于多个不同类型用户的用户界面,支持加工厂的多视图,并且可以包括处理关于加工厂实际和仿真运行的数据。结果,该方法还可以包括确定是否所述加工厂当前在线,以进一步确定通过用户界面显示的那部分信息。
Description
相关申请
本申请是2004年5月4日递交的顺序号为60/567,980、题为“用于显示、监测和与流程控制系统交互的图形用户界面”的美国临时专利申请的正式递交申请并出于优先权的目的要求其所有权益,在此本申请明确地将其全部合并作为参考。本申请还与2003年7月21日递交的、题为“加工厂中图形显示元件、处理模块和控制模块的集成”、并在2004年8月5日以美国出版号2004/0153804出版的、顺序号为10/625,481的美国专利申请有关,该申请依次为2002年10月22日递交的、在2004年10月22日以美国出版号2004/0075689出版的、题为“加工厂中的智能处理模块和对象”的、顺序号为10/278,469的美国专利申请的部分继续申请,在此明确地将这两个公开全部合并作为参考。本申请还与2003年2月18日递交的、题为“加工厂配置系统中的模块类对象”、并在2004年10月7日以美国出版号2004/0199925出版的、顺序号为10/368,151的美国专利申请有关,在此明确地将其全部合并作为参考本申请还和与本申请在同一天正在作为国际(PCT)申请递交的下列专利申请有关,在此明确地将这些专利申请全部合并作为参考:“流程环境中的有关图形显示”(代理备案No.06005/41111);“用于流程控制系统的用户可配置警报和警报趋势”(代理备案No.06005/41112);“加工厂中的处理模块和专家系统的集成”(代理备案No.06005/41113);“集成环境中具有定制的流程图形显示层的加工厂用户界面系统”(代理备案No.06005/41114);“流程环境中的照原稿的图形”(代理备案No.06005/41115);“流程配置和控制环境中集成进图形”(代理备案No.06005/41116);“流程环境中具有多种可视化的图形元件”(代理备案No.06005/41117);“加工厂中配置图形显示元件和处理模块的系统”(代理备案No.06005/41118);“用于统一的流程控制系统界面的图形显示配置框架”(代理备案No.06005/41124);“加工厂用户界面中基于Markup语言的动态流程图形”(代理备案No.06005/41127);“修改流程控制数据的方法和装置”(代理备案No.06005/591622和20040/59-11622);“存取流程控制数据的方法和装置”(代理备案No.06005/591623和20040/59-11623);“用于流程控制系统的集成的图形的运行时的界面”(代理备案No.06005/591628和20040/59-11628);“面向服务的流程控制系统结构”(代理备案No.06005/591629和20040/59-11629)。
技术领域
本发明主要涉及加工厂的用户界面,更具体地,本发明涉及智能控制和仿真环境,该智能控制和仿真环境可以使用户的查看、仿真和控制集成到加工厂控制结构的系统级别。
背景技术
分布式流程控制系统,例如用于化学、石油或其它流程的分布式流程控制系统,通常包括一个或更多流程控制器,这些流程控制器通过模拟、数字或模拟/数字混合总线,通信连接到一个或更多现场设备。现场设备可以是,例如,阀、阀定位器、开关以及传感器(例如,温度、压力、电平以及流速传感器),它们设置于加工厂环境中并且执行加工中的功能,例如打开或关闭阀、测量流程参数等。智能现场设备,例如遵从公知的现场总线协议的现场设备,还可以执行控制计算、警示功能以及通常在控制器中实施的其它控制功能。通常设置于加工厂环境中的流程控制器,接收表示由现场设备产生的流程测量的信号和/或属于现场设备的其它信息,并执行控制器应用程序,应用程序。举例来说,该控制器应用程序实现不同的控制模块,这些控制模块进行流程控制决策、根据接收到的信息产生控制信号、并与正在诸如HART和Fieldbus现场设备之类的现场设备中执行的控制模块或块(block)协调工作。流程控制器中的控制模块通过通信线路或信号通路发送控制信号到现场设备,从而控制流程的运行。
来自现场设备和控制器的信息通常通过数据总线传输给一个或者多个其他的硬件设备,例如操作人员工作站、个人电脑、历史数据库、报表产生器、集中数据库等,典型地这些设备可以置于控制室或者其他远离恶劣现场环境的地方。这些硬件设备运行着程序,该程序例如可以使操作人员执行与流程相关的功能,例如改变流程控制程序的设置、改变控制器或现场设备中控制模块的运行、查看流程的当前状态、查看由现场设备或控制器产生的报警、以训练人员或测试流程控制软件为目的仿真流程的运行、保持并更新配置数据库等。
如一个例子,爱默生流程管理出售的DeltaTM控制系统,该控制系统包括多个保存在加工厂的不同地方的不同设备上的程序,并且这些程序还在这些设备上运行。保存在一个或者多个工作站中的配置程序可以使用户能创建或者改变流程控制模块,并可将这些控制模块通过数据总线下载到分布的各个控制器中。典型地,这些控制模块由互相通信连接的功能块构成,所述功能块可以是面向对象编程协议中的对象,并基于输入执行控制计划中的功能,并依控制计划向其他功能块提供输出。所述配置程序还允许设计者创建或者改变操作界面,该操作界面由显示程序用于向操作人员显示数据,并能使操作人员在流程控制程序的范围内改变设置,例如设置点。在一些情况中,每一个控制器、现场设备存储并执行着控制器程序,该控制器程序运行有被分配并下载到其中的控制模块,来实现实际流程控制功能。可以运行在一个或者多个操作人员工作站中的查看程序,通过数据总线从控制器程序中接收数据,并将这些数据显示给流程控制系统的设计者、操作人员、或使用该用户界面的用户,并且可以提供任何一些数量的不同流程控制程序视图或流程控制模块视图,例如,操作人员视图,工程师视图、技术员视图等。数据历史程序典型地保存在一个数据历史设备中,并在该设备中执行,该数据历史设备收集并保存着一些或者所有的通过数据总线提供的数据,并且同时配置数据库程序可以运行在另一个静态计算机中,来保存当前的流程控制程序配置和其相关数据,其中所述静态计算机与数据总线相连接。可选择地,配置数据库可以与配置程序位于相同的工作站中。
由于运用在流程控制环境中的控制和支持程序的数量与类型的增加,不同的图形显示程序被提供以便使用户可以有效地配置和使用这些支持程序。例如,图形显示程序被用于支持控制配置程序来使配置工程师来图形化地创建控制程序,该创建的控制程序可以被下载到加工厂中控制设备中。另外,图形显示程序用于使控制操作人员查看当前加工厂或加工厂的部分区域的运行,图形显示程序还用于使维护人员查看加工厂中硬件设备的状态,也用于对加工厂进行仿真等。但是,这些图形显示程序在过去是作为与它们相关的特定程序的一部分单独创建的,或者是独立地支持与它们相关的特定程序而单独创建的,因此这些图形显示程序在其特定处理功能的使用上一般受到限制。例如,可能会很难使用一个创建的图形程序来支持一个在包括了维护、配置、或仿真功能的环境中的控制操作人员。
如一个特殊的例子,当前的一些处理控制配置程序包括一个模板对象库,例如功能块模板对象,和在有些情况中为用于创建加工厂的控制策略的控制模块模板对象。模板对象具有默认属性、设置和与其相关的方法,使用图形配置程序的用户可以选择这些模板对象,并实质上是将这些选中的模板对象的拷贝到配置屏幕中来显示出一个控制模块。在选择和布置模板对象到配置屏幕的过程中,工程师与这些模板对象的输入和输出相互联系,并改变这些模板对象的参数、名字、标记和其他属性,为加工厂中特定的使用创建一个特定的控制模块。在加工厂的运行过程中,在创建一个或多个这样的控制模块后,工程师接着实例化控制模块并将实例化的控制模块下载到合适的控制器或控制器和现场设备中来执行。
其后,工程师可以使用不同图形显示创建程序通过在图形显示创建程序中选择和创建显示对象,为操作人员、维护人员和其他加工厂中的人员创建一个或者多个单独、独立的显示。这些创建的显示典型地运用在一个或者多个工作站中的系统宽基础上,所述的一个或者多个工作站提供了预先配置的关于控制系统的状态或加工厂内设备的状态的显示给操作人员或者维护人员。这些显示大致是以警报显示的形式,接收和显示由控制器或加工厂中的设备产生的警报,以控制显示的形式表明控制器或加工厂中的设备的运行状态,以维护显示的形式表明加工厂中的设备等的运行状态。但是,在公知的方式中,这些显示预先配置后再显示从处理控制模块或加工厂中的设备中接收的数据和信息。在一些公知的系统中,显示通过使用具有与物理或逻辑部件相关图形的对象来创建,且该对象与所述物理或逻辑部件通信联系,以接收关于所述物理或逻辑部件的数据。这些对象可以基于到的数据来改变显示屏上的图形,以显示例如箱是半满的,以显示通过流速传感器测量的流速等。但是,这些用于配置、操作人员控制、维护和仿真活动的图形显示大致是使用不同的图形编辑器相互单独地创建。
因此,尽管图形显示被提供在不同的程序中并与这些不同的程序相关,所述不同的程序为加工厂中不同的一般行为使用,这些图形显示和相关的图形显示编辑器一般被添加在它们所支持的程序的功能级别上。结果,图形编辑器,在其存在的程度上,仅能使用户创建支持特定程序所需要的特定功能的图形。以前的加工厂不会提供一个被使用的图形显示编辑器,或者不会提供一个支持在加工厂配置和支持环境中执行的行为的各种或多种图形需要的图形显示编辑器。因此,例如,一个图形显示编辑器用于支撑或允许仅使用户创建控制程序的控制配置行为,不会支持操作人员或维护层的需要或者功能。相似地,用于创建操作人员或维护视图的图形显示编辑器在加工厂运行时被提供给控制操作人员或维护技术人员,并且这些图形显示编辑器不会支持与配置行为、仿真行为等相关的功能。结果,图形显示需要在加工厂单个功能级别上需要被支持,例如在控制配置级别、维护支持级别、控制操作人员支持级别、仿真支持功能级别等,由这些不同编辑器创建的不同显示结束建模,在加工厂中以相同的组件来进行描绘,这就导致了由加工厂中的各种不同人员建立的图形显示的复制。这种复制不仅表现在需要为不同的用处创建不同的图形显示来描绘相同的流程部件,还表现在需要将在不同显示程序中使用的图形部件和与他们相关的在加工厂中的实际硬件或软件部件相联系。
因为,在实际运行起来之后,支持各种加工厂行为的图形作为实际被执行行为的一部分被提供,图形支持不会以在加工厂的各种不同功能级别上在加工厂中使用和创建通用图形的方式来集成到加工厂环境中。这种不集成图形导致了为不同功能而实际创建的图形随功能的不同而不同,或者随运用的不同而不同,这就使那些尽管熟悉一种特定图形的用户,但偶尔需要查看与加工厂中的不同运行或者功能相关的不同视图的用户产生了混乱。同样,如前所述,在各种加工厂不同功能级别中提供图形显示的支持会导致,在创建显示中和在适当地连接显示中的部件到加工厂中的硬件或软件部件中对图形支持的复制。
发明内容
本发明的一方面提供了一种为加工厂提供用户界面的方法,该方法包括:为加工厂的加工厂部件的流程图形显示的多个内容层产生信息;从所述多个内容层中确定一个内容层来显示;通过所述用户界面显示确定的内容层。
在某些情况中,所述产生信息的步骤包括:处理从加工厂接收的与加工厂部件相关的运行时数据。所述确定内容层的步骤可以包括:基于用户简介特征选择所述确定的内容层。当用户简介特征包括一个操作人员访问的指示时,所述显示确定的内容层步骤可以包括:基于所述运行时数据,描绘所述多个内容层中的一个操作人员内容层。
所述产生信息的步骤还可以包括或可选择地包括:处理与所述加工厂部件的仿真运行相关的仿真数据。当用户简介特征包括一个维护访问的指示时,所述显示确定的内容层步骤可以包括:基于所述仿真数据描绘所述多个内容层中的一个维护内容层。
在某些实施例中,所述方法进一步包括引入仿真干扰到所述加工厂部件的仿真运行中。在这种情况中,当用户简介特征包括一个训练教员访问的指示时,所述显示确定的内容层步骤包括:描绘所述多个内容层中的一个教员内容层来支持所述的引入仿真干扰的步骤。
更一般地,所述产生信息的步骤包括:实现定义在多个对象中的对象方法,其中所述对象分别对描绘在所述流程图形显示中的加工厂部件进行了建模。其中所述多个对象中的每一个对象进一步地为多个所述内容层中的每个内容层定义了加工厂部件的图形描绘。
依据本发明的另一个方面,揭示了一种用于加工厂的用户界面系统。该用户界面系统包括:电脑可读介质;显示设备;包括有存储在所述电脑可读介质中的关于加工厂部件运行信息的对象。一个用户界面系统的引擎使用在运行时环境中的对象信息,为流程图形显示的多个内容层产生内容。其中所述显示设备描绘多个内容层中的一个特定内容层。
所述对象信息可以与从加工厂接收关于加工厂部件在线运行的运行时数据相关。在用户简介特征包括一个操作人员访问的指示的情况中,所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的操作人员内容层中的运行时数据进行特定的描绘。可选择地,或另外地,所述对象信息与产生关于所述加工厂部件的仿真运行的仿真数据相关。在用户简介特征包括一个维护访问的指示的情况中,所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的维护内容层中的仿真数据进行特定的描绘。此外,所述对象还可以包括与所述加工厂部件的仿真运行的仿真干扰有关的信息。在用户简介特征包括一个训练教员访问的指示的情况中,所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的教员内容层中的仿真数据进行特定的描绘,其中所述仿真是由所述仿真干扰引起。
依据本发明的另一个方面,揭示了一种为加工厂提供用户界面的方法。该方法包括:通过处理关于加工厂在线运行和仿真运行的数据,为多个不同类型的用户界面用户产生内容;依据多个不同类型用户中的当前用户类型,确定选中的内容部分,在加工厂特定的描绘中描绘所述选中的内容部分。
在一些实施例中,所述特定的描绘是通过确定是否所述加工厂在线,并进一步确定用于特定描绘的选中的内容部分来进行描绘的。
依据本发明的另一个方面,揭示了一种为加工厂配置用户界面的方法,包括:创建流程图形显示,该流程图形显示具有多个分别地代表了加工厂中的多个加工厂单元的图形显示部件。通过定义与对应的加工厂单元的在线运行相关的参数,和通过定义支持对应加工厂单元仿真运行的仿真参数,配置多个图形显示部件。该方法还包括建立多个内容层,以通过流程图形显示的特定视图选择性地显示与加工厂部件的在线和仿真运行有关的信息。
在某些实施例中,该方法进一步包括:分别保存用于多个图形显示部件的多个对象。其中每个所述对象包括与在线运行相关的参数和仿真参数。
附图说明
图1是位于加工厂中的分布式流程控制网络的方块图,所述加工厂包括一个实现显示程序的操作人员工作站,该显示程序使用智能处理对象创建处理模块和图形显示来仿真加工厂的运行;
图2是一组程序和其他实体的逻辑方块图,该方块图包括保存在图1所示的工作站中的智能处理对象、处理模块,这些智能处理对象、处理模块可用于实现加工厂的增强功能;
图3是配置屏幕的简化描绘,所述配置屏幕由配置工程师使用,并用于使用保存在对象库中的智能流程对象来创建流程图形显示或流程模块;
图4是示例流程图形显示的详细描绘,该图包括对加工厂中的流和连接部件的描绘,并且所述描绘是通过互连一些智能流程对象的图形显示部件来创建的;
图5是使用智能处理对象的处理模块创建和在现有的流程控制网络中实现的方式的逻辑方块图;
图6是流程图形显示的示例操作人员内容层的简化描绘,所述流程图形显示具有适合于一组智能处理对象的图形显示部件;
图7是图6所示的流程图形显示的示例维护内容层的简化描绘,所述维护内容层显示了不同于图6的内容层所显示的图形显示部件;
图8是图6所示的流程图形显示的示例操纵内容层的简化描绘,所述操纵内容层显示了不同于图6的内容层所显示的图形显示部件;
图9是图6所示的流程图形显示的示例管理内容层的简化描绘,所述管理内容层显示了不同于图6的内容层所显示的图形显示部件;
图10是另外一个流程图形显示的示例训练操作人员内容层的简化描绘,该流程图形显示被用在训练的练习中;
图11是图10所示的流程图形显示的训练教员内容层的简化描绘,所述训练教员内容层显示了不同于图10的内容层所显示的图形显示部件;
图12是流程图形显示的示例训练教员内容层的另外一个简化描绘,所述示例训练教员内容层具有一个也使用在训练的练习中的干扰面板;
图13是流程图形显示的示例训练教员内容层的另一个简化描绘,所述示例训练教员内容层具有一个也使用在训练的练习中的对话框或者面板;
图14是流程图形显示的训练教员内容层的示例面板的一个描绘,所述示例面板结合通过流程图形显示显示的执行器部件来产生;和
图15是流程图形显示的训练教员内容层的另一个示例面板的描绘,所述另一个示例面板结合当前输入嵌板或其他在系统流程控制系统外的系统来产生,以使加工厂部件在所述流程图形显示代表的处理模块中进行仿真。
具体实施方式
本发明揭示了加工厂的用户界面方法和系统。这里所揭示的用户界面方案大致包括,通过用户界面的显示图案显示加工厂的加工厂部件的特定图形描绘,其中用于图形描绘的可能显示的信息是通过处理关于加工厂的在线和仿真运行的数据来产生的。图形描绘的定制本质是通过确定或指定所述产生的数据的内容层来提供的。所述内容层可以通过一个对的选择来进行确定或指定,其中所述用户简介特征为查看用户界面显示图案的当前用户的用户简介特征。
流程图形显示的多个内容层可以支持多个不同类型的用户。不同类型的用户例如包括操作人员、维护人员、训练教员、工程人员和管理人员。以这种方式,操作人员可以查看流程图形显示的定制内容层,该定制内容层展示了从与所描绘的加工厂部件连接的加工厂接收的运行时数据。仿真数据也可以结合加工厂部件的模型进行显示,以便维护人员可以查看描绘了仿真数据的定制内容层。仿真干扰也可以被可以访问流程图形显示的教员内容层的训练教员引入到加工厂部件的模型中。
流程图形显示的多个内容层的使用提供了一个访问加工厂用户界面的集成方法,该方法避免了需要配置工程师和设计者为监测加工厂在在线和离线下情况的各种人员创建单独的显示。如下所述,支持多个内容层的运行时信息和仿真信息,通过智能处理对象以集成的方式产生,其中智能处理对象指明了由执行引擎执行的程序、指令、行为或方法。在定制内容层中的图形显示部件的描绘可以包括依据由所述智能处理对象定义的方法、行为等产生的一部分信息的选择。在下文中,结合多个不同的用户简介特征,对所述产生的一部分信息是如何被包括在或排除出特定内容层的进行说明。
现在参照图1,其对实例加工厂10进行了详细图示,在该加工厂10中,智能处理对象用于形成流程图形显示以及处理模块,这两者都与控制模块集成以提供工厂环境下改善的控制和仿真性能。具体地,加工厂10采用具有一个或多个控制器12的分布式控制系统,每个控制器12通过诸如Fieldbus界面、Profibus界面、HART界面、标准4-20毫安界面的输入/输出(I/O)设备或卡18连接到一个或多个现场设备14和16。控制器12还通过诸如以太网链接的数据总线24连接到一个或多个主机或操作员工作站20和22。数据库18可以连接到数据总线24,并且可作为历史数据库(data historian)收集和存储有关加工厂10内的控制器和现场设备的参数、状态和其它数据,和/或作为配置数据库存储加工厂10内流程控制系统的当前配置,并将保存的配置下载、存储到控制器12和现场设备14和16中。同时控制器12、I/O卡18和现场设备14和16典型的是下行设置的,并且分布在整个有时恶劣的工厂环境中,操作员工作站20和22以及数据库28通常设置在控制室中或者其它不太恶劣、容易由控制器或者维修人员进入的环境中。
众所周知的,每个控制器12,例如爱默生流程管理出售的DeltaTM控制器,存储和执行一个控制器应用程序,该控制器应用程序使用许多不同的、独立执行的控制模块或方块29来实施控制策略。每个控制模块29可以由通常所称的功能块组成,其中每个功能块是总控制程序(routine)的一部分或子程序,并且与其它功能块协作实现加工厂10内的工厂控制回路。众所周知的,功能块可以是面向对象编程协议中的对象,该功能块通常执行下列功能之一:输入功能,例如有关发射器、传感器或其它流程参数测量设备的输入功能;控制功能,例如有关执行PID、模糊逻辑等控制的控制程序的控制功能;或者控制诸如阀的一些设备的操作,以执行加工厂10内的一些物理功能的输出功能。当然,混合的以及其它类型的复杂功能块存在于例如模型预测控制器(MPC)、优化器等中。虽然Fieldbus协议和DeltaV系统协议使用通过面向对象的编程协议来设计和实现的控制模块以及功能块,控制模块也可以使用包括例如,时序功能块、梯形逻辑图等的任何所需控制编程方案来设计,并且不受限于使用功能块或任何其它特定编程技术来设计和实现。
在图1所示的工厂10中,连接到控制器12上的现场设备14和16可以是标准4-20毫安设备;可以是诸如HART、Profibus、或FOUNDATION现场总线设备、可包括处理器和存储器的智能现场设备;或者可以是任何需要类型的设备。总线设备中的有些设备,例如现场总线现场设备(在图1标有参考标记16),可以存储和执行与在控制器12中实现的控制策略有关的模块或者诸如功能块的子模块。在图1中显示为设置在不同的两个现场总线现场设备16内的功能块30,可以联合控制器12内的控制模块29的执行来实现流程的控制,这一点是公知的。当然,现场设备14和16可以是诸如传感器、阀、传送器、定位器之类的任何类型的设备,I/O设备18可以是遵从诸如HART、Fieldbus、Profibus之类的任何需要通信或者控制器协议的任何类型的I/O设备。
在图1的加工厂10中,工作站20包括一组操作员界面应用程序和其它数据结构32,执行应用程序和其它数据结构可以由任何授权用户(此处有时称作配置工程师,有时称为操作员,尽管可能存在其它类型的用户,这在下面结合依用户类型定制的显示层进行了描述)所访问,并可查看连接在加工厂10内的设备、单元等,并可为连接在加工厂10内的设备、单元等提供功能。该组操作员界面应用程序32存储在工作站20的存储器34内,并且该组应用程序32的每个应用程序或者实体适于在有关工作站20的处理器36上执行。虽然整组应用程序32示为存储在工作站20内,一些执行应用程序或其它实体可以存储和执行在工厂10内或与工厂10相连接的其它工作站或计算机设备内。而且,该组应用程序提供显示输出到与工作站20相连接的显示屏幕37或包括手携式设备、膝上型电脑或其它工作站、打印机等任何其它需要的显示屏幕或显示装置上。同样地,该组应用程序32内的应用程序可以分解并且在两个或更多计算机或机器上执行,可以配置为互相联合进行操作。
一般而言,该组应用程序32提供了或者实现了三种不同类型实体的创建以及使用,这些实体的运行可以集成在一起以提供加工厂10改善的控制、仿真以及显示功能。更具体地说,该组应用程序32可以用来创建以及实现流程图形显示35(该流程图形显示通常提供操作员显示,所述操作员显示属于加工厂的一部分)、处理模块39(该处理模块39通常提供仿真,该仿真是加工厂一部分)以及流程控制模块,例如控制模块29,该流程控制模块主要是提供或执行流程的在线控制。在本领域中流程控制模块29通常是公知的,可以任何类型的控制模块,例如功能块控制模块等。在下面还将更详细的描述的流程图形显示部件35,通常由操作员、工程师或其它显示器使用,以给诸如操作员的用户提供关于加工厂和其中部件的操作、配置或设置的信息。处理模块39通常紧密连接到流程图形显示部件35,并且可以用于对加工厂的运行进行仿真,或者用于对以流程图形显示部件35中描述的方式进行连接的不同部件的运行进行仿真。流程图形显示35和处理模块39显示为存储在工作站20和22内并且由执行工作站执行,尽管流程图形显示35和处理模块39也可以下载到与加工厂10相连接的包括膝上型电脑、手持式设备等任何其它计算机内来执行。
图2示出了工作站20的一组应用程序32内的一些应用程序以及数据结构或者其它实体。具体地,该组应用程序32包括控制模块、处理模块以及图形显示器配置应用程序38,其中图形显示器配置应用程序38由配置工程师使用,以创建控制模块、处理模块(也称作处理流模块)以及有关图形显示。虽然控制模块配置应用程序38可以是任何标准的或者已知的控制模块配置应用程序,处理模块和图形显示配置应用程序可以使用一个或多个智能处理对象来创建处理模块和图形显示,这在下面还会进行更详细描述。而且,虽然处理模块和流程图形配置应用程序38显示为分开的,但一个配置应用程序也可以创建两个这种部件。
智能处理对象42的对象库40包括示例或模板智能处理对象42,这些智能处理对象可以被配置应用程序38访问、复制以及使用以创建处理模块39和图形显示35。可以理解的是,配置应用程序38可以用于创建一个或多个处理模块39,每个处理模块39由一个或多个智能处理对象42组成或建成,并可以包括一个或多个处理流或仿真算法45,其中所述处理流或仿真算法45可以存储在处理模块存储器46内的。另外,配置应用程序38可以用于创建一个或多个图形显示35,每个图形显示35由一个或多个智能处理对象42组成或建成,并且可以包括连接在一起的许多显示部件。在图2中以放大的方式示出了一个图形显示35b,该图形显示35b包括对一组流程部件的描述,这组流程部件中有通过诸如导管、管道、电缆、输送器之类的连接部件进行互连的阀、槽、传感器和流量传送器。
执行引擎(engine)48在运行时间期间运行或实现每个图形显示35和处理模块39,为操作员创建一个或多个由图形显示35限定的流程显示,并且执行有关处理模块39的仿真功能。执行引擎48可以使用准则(rule)数据库50,该数据库50限定了在从模块39上整体执行的逻辑和这些模块内的智能处理对象。这些引擎48还可以使用连接矩阵52,连接矩阵52限定了工厂10内和处理模块39内的各流程部件之间的连接,以实现处理模块39的功能。
图2更详细地显示了智能处理对象42e。虽然智能处理对象42e显示为一个模板智能处理对象,但可以理解,其它智能处理对象通常也会包括与关于智能处理对象42e所描述的相同或类似的部件、特征、参数等,这些部件、特征以及参数的规格或数值可以依据智能处理对象的种类和用途而改变,或从一个智能处理对象变化到另一个智能处理对象。而且,虽然智能处理对象42e可以是面向对象编程环境中的对象,并且包括数据存储、输入和输出以及相关的方法,但该智能处理对象可以由任何需要的编程范例或协议创建并且在这些范例或协议中实现。
可以理解,智能处理对象42e在例示之前是与图1加工厂10内的诸如物理或逻辑实体的特定类型实体有关的对象。不过,在复制或例示之后,智能处理对象42e可以连接到加工厂内的特定实体上。任何情况下,智能处理对象42e包括数据存储器53,该数据存储器53用于存储从有关智能处理对象42e的逻辑实体接收到的或者属于这些逻辑实体的数据。数据存储器53通常包括数据存储器53a,该数据存储器53a存储有关属于智能处理对象42e的实体的总体或永久信息,如制造商、版本、名称、类型等。数据存储器53b可以存储变量或变化数据,例如参数数据、状态数据、输入和输出数据、费用,或与智能处理对象42e所属的实体相关的其它数据,该数据包括与过去已经存在或现在存在于加工厂10内的实体相关的数据。当然,智能处理对象42e可以配置为或编程为,基于周期性或非周期性地通过任何需要的通信链接从该实体本身接收数据(例如费用数据),或通过以太网总线24从历史数据库28接收所述数据,或任何需要的方式来接收所述数据。数据存储器53c可以存储智能处理对象42e所属实体的图形表示,该图形表示可通过诸如有关图1的工作站20的屏幕37的操作员界面来真实显示给操作员。当然,该图形表示可以包括对有关实体的信息的位置保持器(在数据存储器53c内用下划线标出),例如存储在数据存储器53b内的关于实体的参数或其它变量数据。在该图形表示作为一个图形显示35的一部分显示在显示设备37上,并呈现给操作员时,该参数数据可以在图形位置保持器中显示。该图形表示(以及智能处理对象42e)还可以包括预定义连接点(在数据存储器53c中用“X”标出)。如该图形表示所描述的,该连接点使操作员或者配置工程师能够把上游或下游元件连接到流程部件上。当然,这些连接点还可以使智能处理对象42e能够知道与在处理模块内配置的智能对象相连接的部件,并且可以指定必须使用的诸如导管、管道之类的连接元件的类型和与这些元件相关的流量等。
智能处理对象42e还可以包括一个或多个输入54以及输出56,以实现与位于使用智能处理对象42的处理模块的内部或者外部的其它智能处理对象的通信。输入54和输出56与其它智能处理对象的连接,可以在处理模块配置期间由配置工程师通过简单地将这些输入和输出与其它智能处理对象相连接,或者通过指定将要在智能处理对象之间发生的特定通信来进行配置。有些所述输入和输出可以定义为在上述的智能处理对象的预定义连接点处连接到智能处理对象。这些输入54和输出56还可以通过准则数据库50内的一组准则,和限定了工厂10中不同设备或者实体之间连接的连接矩阵52来进行确定或者限定。一般而言,包括数据存储或者相关缓冲的输入54和输出56,会用于提供从其它智能处理对象到智能处理对象42e的数据通信,或者提供从存储在智能处理对象42e中的数据或由智能处理对象42e产生的数据到其它智能处理对象的通信。这些输入和输出还可以用于提供智能处理对象42e与流程控制系统内的诸如控制器12内的控制模块、现场设备14、16之类的其它对象之间的通信。
如图2所示的,智能处理对象42e还包括用于存储零位的方法存储器58、一个或多个方法60(图2中示作方法60a、60b和60c),这些方法60可以是在使用智能处理对象42e的处理模块的执行期间中,由智能处理对象42e实现的算法。一般地,存储在方法存储器58内的方法60会通过输入54和输出56,并使用存储在数据存储器部分53a、53b内的数据以及从其它智能处理对象获得的数据,或者来自诸如配置数据库或历史数据库28的其它来源数据,确定关于加工厂10的信息或关于工厂10内实体的信息。例如,方法60可以确定由智能处理对象42e限定的实体的较差或者较次的运行条件,和与这些实体或者加工厂10内其它实体有关的误差。方法60可以根据智能处理对象的类型或者种类来进行预配置或进行提供,并且方法60通常会在每次智能处理对象42e在运行时间期间、在执行引擎48内执行时进行执行。位于诸如智能处理对象42e的智能处理对象内的有些实例方法60可以包括检测泄漏、死区、死时、移动、可变性、条件监控、计算成本或者其它与实体有关的条件。
在材料流经流程实体时,方法60还可以用来帮助对与智能处理对象有关的所述流程实体的运行进行仿真。因此,方法60可以用来计算质量平衡、能量平衡、流量、温度、组成、气体状态以及有关工厂10内的物体的其它系统级或生产级参数,以仿真出元件的运行,从而根据提供的输入等计算期望输出。当然还存在少数可以存储在智能处理对象42e内并且由智能处理对象42e运行的方法,也存在可以使用的许多其它方法,所述的这些其它方法通常通过所表示的实体类型、实体在加工厂中连接和使用的方式和其它的因素来确定。需要注意到,智能处理对象42e可以存储和执行用于检测系统级条件、误差等的方法,这些方法还可以用于确定有关设备、诸如流程控制模块和回路的逻辑部件、以及其它非系统级实体的其它信息。如果需要的话,方法60可以程序化或以诸如C、C+、C#之类的任何需要的编程语言来提供,或者可以参照或可以定义准则数据库50内的应用程序准则,该应用程序准则在其执行期间为智能流程对象42e运行。
如果需要的话,每个智能处理对象可以包括应用程序算法或方法库,其中所述算法或方法在连接到处理模块内时,用来限定仿真智能处理对象的行为。这样的库显示在图2的智能处理对象42e的下拉菜单61中,类似的菜单是与其它每个智能处理对象有关的。在智能处理对象设置在处理模块39内时,配置工程师可以利用例如下拉菜单61、通过选择一个仿真算法(称作方法1、方法2等)库来限定该智能处理对象的仿真行为。这样,配置工程师可以根据正在使用的智能处理对象而模拟的流程的类型或种类来为智能处理对象定义不同的仿真行为。
如果需要,配置工程师可以提供所有者或其它用户供给算法以定义由智能处理模块限定的流程部件的仿真行为。在智能处理对象设置于或在处理模块39内使用时,这种用户定义算法(在下拉菜单61中示为“用户定义”项)可以提供并存储在该智能处理对象中。这种功能使得仿真行为能够由用户定制从而提供更佳的或更精确的仿真。如果需要,并如下面将更详细描述的,智能处理对象42或每个处理模块39可以包括操作员开动开关(例如电子开关或者标记),该开关可以禁止使用智能处理对象内的仿真算法,并且使得处理模块的行为将由高保真仿真包或程序,例如由HYSYS提供的一个程序来确定。这种情况下,智能处理对象或处理模块从高保真仿真获得仿真的参数,这一点与使用智能处理对象本身内的仿真算法相反。
在执行引擎48执行图形显示35或处理模块39期间,引擎48实现了与图形显示35或处理模块39内的每个智能处理对象的通信,所述通信由输入54和输出56来限定,引擎48还可以实现这些对象中的每个对象中的方法60,以执行由方法60提供的功能。如上述所提到的,方法60的功能可以在智能处理对象内的编程中设置,或者方法60的功能是依据下述方法进行的设置:根据智能处理对象的类型、种类、标识、标记名称等,在准则数据库50内定义一组准则,并由引擎48来执行,来实现由这些准则限定的功能(即所述方法60的功能)。
可以注意到,智能处理对象42e的一个示例在与智能流程对象42e有关的处理模块的上下文内具有标签或唯一名称,该标签或唯一名称可以用于提供到智能处理对象42e的通信以及来自智能处理对象42e的通信,并且在运行时间期间可以由这些引擎48作为参考。处理模块标签在控制系统配置中应该是唯一的。这种标签约定使得处理模块39内的部件能够由流程图形显示35、处理模块39以及控制模块29的其它的部件作为参考。而且,智能处理对象42e的参数可以是诸如简单数值的简单参数、结构参数或者是了解期望单元以及相关属性的智能参数。所述智能参数还可以由流程准则引擎或执行引擎48来说明或使用,以确保所有信号在相同单元中发送或者可以适当转换。智能准则还可以用来开启以及关闭智能处理对象(或者处理模块)的成组警报,为操作员创建智能警报策略和/或界面。而且,智能处理对象类与加工厂10的流程控制策略内的装置类和模块类相关,以提供智能处理对象与需要进行说明和访问的流程变量之间公知的链接。
智能处理对象在用于流程图形显示或处理模块时,还可以包括操作模式、状态以及警报行为,使得这些智能处理对象可以在运行期间以诸如关闭、启动以及正常模式的不同的方式输入,可以根据对象的当前操作状态提供有关该对象的状态,并且可以根据诸如超范围参数、受限性、高可变性之类的检测条件来提供警报。智能处理对象还可以具有类/子类继承性,使得这些对象能够按类库进行分类以在组合结等中收集到一起。而且,智能处理对象可以利用来自其它部件,例如控制模块,以及其它对象使智能处理对象能够识别出何时与其相关的实体忙碌,或何时与其相关的实体通过加工厂10的一批控制流程被获取。
智能处理对象可以是与任何需要流程实体有关的,例如泵、槽、阀等的物理设备,或诸如流程区、策略或执行装置、控制策略之类的逻辑实体。在有些情况下,智能处理对象可以与从流程内的一点处到另一点处的连接器有关,例如导管、管道、布线、传输器,或可以是使物、电、气等移动的任何其它设备或实体。与有时被称作智能链接或连接部件的连接器有关的智能处理对象还可以被加以标记(即使真实设备或连接器本身没有标记或其不能在加工厂10内通信),并且通常用来表示流程中其它部件之间的物质流量。
智能链接通常会包括用来限定流过连接器的不同物质或现象(例如电)(例如汽、电、水、污水等)的属性或参数。这些参数可以表明流过连接器的流的类型和种类(例如总速度、摩擦系数、湍流或非湍流类型、电磁场等),以及流过连接器的流的可能方法和所有方向。智能链接可以包括程序和方法,该程序和方法确保源单元与连接该智能链接的目标对象相匹配,如果不匹配,可以执行转换。智能链接的方法还可以使用模型或算法对通过链接器的流量进行建模,以估计通过真实连接器的流的速度或流量、物理连接的长度和大小、传输延迟等。智能处理对象的存储参数(例如摩擦参数)可以用于这些方法中。因此,本质上,智能链接或链接器使智能处理对象知道其它上游以及下游对象或实体。当然,智能链接可以,例如以任何需要或方便的方式来限定其它对象之间的连接、系统内的诸如液体、气体、电气之类的流体类型、其它实体位于该智能处理对象实体的上游和下游的实体的上游侧和下游侧、物质、流体、电流等的方向。根据一个实施例,矩阵52可以在执行处理流模块之前就建立,并且可以限定智能链接在工厂内不同设备之间的互相连接,并且从而限定不同智能处理对象之间的互相连接。实际上,执行引擎48可以使用矩阵52来确定上游和下游实体,从而限定智能处理对象之间的通信和与这些智能处理对象有关的方法。而且,一组或多组准则可以提供给智能处理对象使用,以互相影响并互相获取这些智能处理对象内的方法需要的数据,并且解决与输出连接相关的智能对象的影响。
如果需要,智能处理对象42e还可以包括诸如URL的链接到关键文件的敏感链接,所述关键文件适用于对象类型,或适用于特定的智能处理对象42e所属设备的例子(依据重要程度和应用场合)。所述文件可以是厂商供给的以及用户指定的。有些文件实例包括配置、启动和关闭步骤、运行和维护文件。如果需要,操作员可以单击显示在操作员显示器上的对象以提出具体示例(如果有)以及对象或相关设备的类文件。而且,操作员能够分别增加/删除/改变独立于系统软件的文件,例如维护请求、运行问题记录等。而且,这些敏感链接可以由用户进行配置或改变,以给操作员界面中的对象提供增加知识链接的能力,以及提供与对象有关的适合信息的快速导航,以及为用户、特定对象类型或对象的具体实例提供增加明确工作指令的能力。
虽然上述的处理模块和流程图形是通过不同智能处理对象互连一起创建的,它们也可以单独创建。例如,流程图形可以使用智能处理对象来创建,在流程图形创建完成后,可以根据图形显示中的图形部件和这些部件的互连来产生该图形的处理模块。可替换地,处理模块可以使用智能处理对象首先创建,在处理模块创建之后,由配置应用程序38使用在创建所述处理模块时所用的智能处理对象中的图形显示部件,自动产生所述处理模块的图形显示。而且,处理模块和图形显示可以单独创建,这两个实体内的各自部件可以互相参照地手动连接到一起(例如,使用图形显示和处理模块内的部件的标签特性)。通过这种机构,智能处理对象可以由多个显示进行参照。在任何情况下,创建之后,流程图形显示和有关处理模块可以独立或单独运行,尽管它们通常按期望或需要来回传送着参数和信息。
一般而言,一组预定义图形部件可以提供于配置应用程序中,使得用户能够建立反映加工厂图形显示。这些显示中的图形显示部件被设计用来动态显示与控制系统进行交互的在线测量和执行装置,从而这些显示可以展示出由操作员或在线操作的其它人员典型地监测和使用的信息。另外,反映流程操作的未被测量参数可以使用提供在处理模块内的在线流程仿真来计算,并可以作为有关图形显示的整体部分进行显示。在这些方法以及其它的方法中,流程图形显示可以展示出除了操作员以外的加工厂人员典型的监测和使用信息,例如操纵人员和管理人员。
另外,在用于操纵或训练仿真目的的离线环境中,由处理模块提供的流程仿真值可以替代图形部件中以及相关控制模块中的流程测量值,进行使用和/或显示。可由相关处理模块或第三方仿真软件(例如,HYSYS)进行计算的这些值,可以是基于实际的加工厂设置(例如,执行器工位或状态)和用户设定干扰设置或值,其中所述的这些设置或值可以通过流程图形显示和它们各自图形显示部件来建立和表示。到这里为止,为流程图形显示的离线查看定制的一个流程图形显示的内容层,例如训练环境,就可以产生和获得。关于所述流程图形显示的内容层的进一步详情将在下面提出。
更一般的是,流程图形显示可以被不同的人员在各种环境中使用,所述环境包括在线或控制情形、离线或仿真情形。到这里为止,每个流程图形显示可以具有多个表明了这些不同环境、情形和人员的内容层。与以前的系统不同的是,以前的系统具有单独的、独立的显示,这里所述的内容层是用来限定内容层的对象的结合,这样相同两个的对象或相同的很多对象就都具有与产生所有不同的内容层所需的相关信息。结果,单个流程图形显示的内容层不需要配置工程师或其它设计人员为每个查看产生单独的显示,就可以提供出特定的查看。
产生特定用户界面显示以实现不同功能(运行、操纵、维护、管理等)所需信息的长度,由一组灵活的可扩展的图形显示部件以及与该部件相关的仿真算法提供和支持。这些对应着一些不同类型的加工厂部件的图形显示部件包括流部件、流程连接部件、执行器部件、处理部件、测量部件和估计特性部件,所述图形显示部件可以预先确定,或者是在创建流程图形显示和其主要函数时再确定。定制部件还可以由配置工程师来创建或者产生,以涵盖特定类型的前述加工厂部件、这些部件的组合、由基本图形(例如,线、圆等)组成的完全新的部件。
流部件通常限定了许多加工厂中的物质流,标签可以显示在图形显示中以表示组成、密度、流量、温度、压力、重量,和/或许多物质流的任何其它参数。流部件可以在处理模块的输入处进行限定并且提供给处理模块内的部件,从而使得通过处理模块的物质流能够在图形显示中建模以及描述。同样地,流部件可以显示在处理模块的输出或末端,以在图形显示中示出由图形显示描述的加工厂部分的输出。流部件还可以用于限定不同图形显示(以及有关处理模块)互相连接的方式。例如,一个处理模块中的输出流可以是另一个处理模块中的输入流,并且可以提供其它处理模块的输入流所用的值。这些流可以包括下列四个部分:名称(例如pH流)、方向(例如流量输入)、测量(例如流量、压力、温度)以及组成(例如氮、氨等)。不过,如果需要,这些流还可以具有其它部分或参数。
流程连接部件限定了工厂内的物质,例如固体物质、液体和蒸汽体、以及气体从一种设备到另一种设备的传送或运送方式。为了清楚地示例通过流程的物质流,可以使用三种不同类型的流程连接,包括导管、管道以及传输器(conveyor)。当然,也可以使用其它连接部件,例如在电-化学流程中引导(address)电流的电缆。导管通常用于显示(以及仿真)工厂内的液体和高压蒸汽或气体流。管道通常用于显示(以及仿真)工厂内的低压气体流。传输器通常用于显示(以及仿真)各处理单元之间的固体物质的运动。结果,每个工厂连接部件限定了连接类型、例如导管连接、管道连接或用于在设备的输入或输出处提供物质的传输器连接。
如果需要,通过连接传输的物质的特性是由上游输入确定的。该信息和限定连接是否完成的连接状态变量可以用作图形显示上的连接部件的特性。连接部件可以在处理部件输出、执行部件输出或流部件输出处开始。以类似的方式,连接部件可以在处理部件输入、执行部件输入或流部件输入处结束。
当光标落在图形显示上时,连接部件的特性可以自动显示在图形显示上。而且,有关连接部件的特性可以通过在连接部件上设置测量或估计特性部件(在下面定义)来显示以永久显示。如果需要,可以通过在部件输出(例如流输出、处理部件输出或执行部件输出)上按下鼠标左键,以及同时按下鼠标按钮在部件输入上定位光标来创建连接部件。若要成功建立连接,上游和下游部件的输入和输出类型必须相匹配。该连接会自动呈现出上游部件的类型。
如果需要,导管部件在流程图形显示中可以显示为或描述为导管连接,管道部件(例如空气或气体)可以显示为管道,传输器可以显示为传输带。导管、管道以及传输部件的连接可以在各流程部件之间自动路由,在这些部件描述的外部可以显示箭头,以表示流量的方向。如果两个连接共用一个上游输出,那么“T”形部件可以包括在导管、管道或传输器中。同样地,“T”形部件可以用于组合多个输出。传输部件的色彩或其它图形特性可以变化以表示其状态,例如运行/停止、流动/不流到、堵塞等。一般而言,沿着传输器的物质流是由连接到传输器的电机驱动装置来确定的。因此,电机驱动执行装置(即下面会更详细描述的执行部件)可以连接到传输器。另外,测量部件(在下面描述)可以连接到导管、管道以及传输部件,从而可能显示有关导管、管道或传输部件的测量,例如传输器的速度、或导管或管道内的物质流量、以及传输器、导管或管道内或上的物质特性,例如湿度或重量。而且,显示出的特性部件可以添加到未被测量的导管、管道或传输器内或上的物质的显示特性,例如物质的组成。
如果需要,每个导管、管道或传输连接部件可以图形化并动态地反映损失(lost)连接(例如通过色彩变化),选择的一个特性(压力、温度、长度等)是外部配置的限制(例如,通过色彩变化)。而且,通过相关处理模块计算的参数可以显示在图形中。例如,由上游连接提供的特性,无论连接状态是差还是好,连接部件的一个或多个选择参数的限制等,可以显示在图形显示中,以给操作员提供关于连接部件或者由连接部件传输的流的信息。
一般而言,执行部件是可以执行有关流的一些执行功能的部件,并且可以设置在不同连接部件之间或者设置在处理部件与连接部件之间。执行部件的实例包括调节阀(具有执行器)、开关阀(具有执行器)、泵(具有发电机)、力通风机(具有发电机)、诱导通风机(具有发电机)、喷射器(具有驱动器)、进料器(具有变速发电机)以及传输电机驱动器(可以连接到传输部件上)。
阀部件的图形描述可以动态反映默认阀位置(例如通过动画)、阀故障(例如通过色彩变化)、阀全开/全闭位置(例如通过色彩变化)以及控制该阀的相关控制模块的AO、DO、DC、设置点、PV、OUT、模式等(例如通过数字串或其它指示)。有关阀部件(用于处理模块)的仿真部件可以具有仿真算法,这些算法用来计算有关阀执行装置的参数,例如排放压力、质量流量、液体温度、液体组成、入口压力,以及出口压力。如果需要,这些仿真或计算的参数可以显示在流程图形中。不过,用户或者配置工程师必须经常为与阀有关的控制模块内的AO、DO、或DC块的基准进行配置,以及配置阀类型(例如线性、快速打开、等百分比、阀尺寸等)和从打开到关闭的冲程时间。当然,在物质流通过阀时,用于仿真阀的运行的仿真算法可以是以阀的类型和尺寸信息为依据的。
泵部件的图形描述可以动态反映发电机状态(例如使用色彩变化)、相关DO或DC功能块模式和设置点(例如使用字符串)、发电机速度(如果使用变速驱动器)、AO设置点、PV、OUT模式(如果使用变速驱动器)以及其它需要的参数。同样地,对该部件的流程仿真(用于处理模块)可以确定或计算参数,例如排放压力、液体组成、液体温度和质量流量,这些参数可以显示在图形显示中。用户还需要根据泵的类型来定义泵曲线。不过,用户可以配置与发电机有关的开启/关闭DO或DC块的基准、变速驱动器(如果使用)的与AO功能块有关的基准,以及定义泵运行的泵曲线(压力对流量)。
力通风机或诱导通风机部件的图形描述可以动态反映发电机状态、DO或DC功能块模式和设置点、发电机速度(如果使用变速驱动器)、AO设置点、PV、OUT、DO或DC功能块模式(如果使用变速驱动器)以及其它需要的参数,这些都可以显示在图形显示中。对该部件的流程仿真(用于处理模块)可以确定或计算参数,例如排放压力、气体组成、气体温度和气体流量,这些参数都可以显示在图形显示中。用户可以配置与发电机有关的开启/关闭DC块的基准、变速驱动器(如果使用)的AO块的基准,以及定义通风机仿真操作的通风机曲线(压力对流量)。
在有些实例中,可以通过具体类型的连接,例如导管、管道或者传输器仅使用一种特定类型的这些装置。下表定义了典型执行部件的一些实例连接限制。
导管 | 管道 | 传输器 | |
调节阀 | × | ||
开关阀 | × | ||
泵 | × | ||
喷射器 | × | ||
力通风机 | × | ||
诱导通风机 | × | ||
阻尼驱动器 | × | ||
进料器 | × | × | |
电机驱动器 | × |
处理部件包括以某种方式加工物质或流的工厂设备。一般而言,处理部件的输入和输出可以穿过连接部件。标准处理部件包括槽(垂直以及水平)、加热器、静态混合器、反应器混合器、空气加热器以及执行某类简单或标准处理活动的任何其它部件。对于标准处理部件,用户可以设定部件的输入和输出以及诸如尺寸、体积之类的物理设备特性。可以对这些标准处理部件的仿真算法和静态表示进行设置,以便这些仿真算法和静态表示不能由用户修改但可以在配置时间进行如上所述的选择。当然,如果需要,其它的通常是更复杂的工厂设备(例如分裂蒸馏塔、蒸发器、分离器、锅炉等)可以用作自定义处理部件。这些自定义处理部件的静态表示、输入和输出的数目以及仿真算法可以修改以符合用户界面需求。在对自定义处理部件进行定义之后,可以把它保存为组合或模板,以在创建其它处理部件中再用作或用作起始点。
箱式标准处理部件(垂直或水平的)可以基于导管连接配置到箱上,箱部件可以动态反映箱中的水平(例如使用动态动画)以及100%或为空的水平(例如使用色彩变化)。对该箱的处理模块仿真可以计算并且通过图形显示来显示诸如出口温度、出口组成、液体温度以及箱的仿真水平的参数。然而,为了把箱连接到系统上,用户或配置工程师可能需要配置输入和输出连接的数目、对槽的完全连接、诸如尺寸(例如直径和高度)之类的箱特性。
加热器处理部件可以动态计算并且通过图形显示来反映热传输系数(例如使用色彩变化)、出口生产温度、入口生产温度、出口压力(假定固定的下降)等。用户或者配置工程师可能需要配置加热器的完全连接、加热器表面面积以及清洁时的热传输系数。
当然,其它处理部件,例如静态混合器、反应器、混合器、空气加热器、热交换器等,可以具有适合这些类型的设备的显示和仿真功能。非标准处理部件,例如分裂蒸馏塔、蒸发器、分离器、锅炉等,可以使用自定义处理部件来图形化表示,如果不包括在标准选择中,在该自定义处理部件中的有关容器仿真可以是用户定义的。这些部件的处理可以描述为或定义为与容器的输入到输出关联的阶跃响应模型。输入可以气体和/或液体流。可选地,用户可以定义用来描述处理部件的输入和输出之间关系的等式,这些等式可以存储在通过该模块进行仿真的处理模块内。如果需要,可以提供一些简单的静态图形表示,以有助于用户快速创建有关自定义处理部件的静态图形。如果使用这些简单的图形,那么用户可能只需要设定输入和输出连接的需要数目,以及自定义处理部件支持的连接类型。由此响应,图形单元将会显示,并且可以立即用于创建操作员图形。如果需要,在用户选择了设定仿真算法为阶跃响应时,有关处理部件的每个输入和输出的增益以及任何动态性可以被设定。如果用户选择自定义算法,可以给用户提供表示编辑器来定义仿真算法。根据所选择的方法,自定义处理部件输出的特性可以进行不同的计算。而且,用户可以参考在单独软件组件中定义的一个或多个算法。
另外,一些预定义组合或模板可以提供用来创建自定义处理部件。这些模板可以包括,例如具有自定义算法的锅炉模板,该算法可以计算排出气体O2、排出气体CO、产生的蒸汽、锅炉筒水位以及锅炉通风。这样的模板可以是以单个燃料输入为根据的。不过,通过修改该模板,对具有单个燃料的锅炉进行仿真是可能的。其它预定义模板可以包括专用容器漩流分离器模板,该模板可以结合喷雾干燥器(spay dryer)的自定义处理部件使用,并且可以包括阶跃响应模型以对分离器的操作进行建模。同样地,塔模板、喷雾干燥器以及蒸发器主体可以利用阶跃响应模型来定义期望流程响应。在蒸发器中,根据能量输入和输入流的浓度,可以计算输出流的浓度和释放蒸汽。多个蒸发器部件可以与热交换器和喷射器部件连接到一起,以创建多效用蒸发器。类似地,锅炉处理部件可以使用专用容器堆自定义模板处理部件。在这种情况下,如果需要,入口的特性可以通过没有修改的容器堆来实现,或反映为在该堆内执行的排放的减少。
其它类型部件可以用于创建图形显示、处理模块,所述其它部件包括测量部件和特性部件。测量部件包括传送器部件,其可用于图形显示,以访问与物理传送器相关的测量值;以及开关部件。通常情况下,传送器部件可以动态反映有关真实传送器(传感器)的差的或不定状态、有关控制模块内AI功能块的模式、测量值和单元等,或有关真实传送器的其它数据。在离线模式(或仿真模式)下,传送器部件可以用于访问并显示由处理模块提供的仿真值,而不是与AI或PCI块有关的值,或者传送器部件可以用于给控制模块内的有关AI块提供测量值,以作为仿真控制程序中要使用测量值。传送器部件可以添加到连接部件或处理部件上,在这样的传送器部件添加到显示器时,用户通常需要识别正在提供测量的控制器方案中的有关的AI、PCI或DI块。在在线模式中,测量值可以显示给与该测量部件的下一个部件。在离线模式(或仿真模式)中,测量的仿真值(由对应处理模块生成的)可以进行自动显示。在在线操作中,用户在测量故障事件下可以选择切换控制以及显示仿真值。
开关部件可以动态反映差的或者不定的状态、有关DI的模式(例如手动或者OS),以及开关的离散值(接通、断开等)。在离线仿真模式中,用户可以使用开关显示部件,通过选择仿真值或手动值和状态并手动地输入开关的值和状态,来访问、改变在图形显示中和控制模块中的开关参数。不过,用户通常必须通过提供控制方案内的相关DI块的基准、可触发开关的部件属性的基准、以及有关开关状态变化的极限和死区,来配置开关部件。
估计特性部件通常显示了由处理模块确定的系统的估计特性,并且可以添加到连接或处理部件,以显示该部件的任何特性。在该部件设置在连接部件上或一种设备上时,用户可以浏览以及选择将要显示的特性。因此,通过物理测量不可用的仿真行为,可以通过使用估计特性部件来显示。这样的估计特性部件可以动态反映出好/坏连接、估计特性值以及超出有关限制或变化的特性。用户通常必须配置将要显示的特性和限制的参考,以及在特性超出限制时,部件的色彩变化。
可以理解,通过把传送器部件和估计特性部件连接到处理部件、执行部件和连接部件,可以在在线操作或离线仿真期间反映有关这些流程部件的输入和色彩的特性。这些特性还可以在图形显示中是可视的。
一般而言,操作员可以运行或执行配置应用程序38,以创建一个或单个处理模块39或图形显示,并在加工厂10的运行期间实施或在仿真环境中实施。根据一个实施例,配置应用程序38可以给配置工程师呈现配置显示,例如图3所示的。从图3看出,配置显示64包括库或模板区65和配置区66。模板区65包括对成组模板智能对象67的描述,这些对象可以包括图2的智能处理对象42;并且可以是任何连接、测量、流、处理以及上述的特性部件。如果需要,也可以提供只具有图形定义的非智能部件68。本质上,模板67和68是类对象,可以拖到或下降到配置区66中,以在处理模块或图形显示(或两者)中创建智能处理对象实例。部分完成的流程图形显示35c示为包括的阀、两个槽、两个泵、流量传送器以及两个传感器,它们通过流路连接器互相连接以提供流输出,其中所述流路连接器可以是上述智能链接或连接器部件。可以注意到,图形显示35c可以由智能过程对象和非智能过程对象组成。
在创建诸如图形显示35c的图形显示时,配置工程师可以选择并把模板区65中所示的流程对象37和部件68拖到配置区66中,并且使它们下降到任何需要的位置。一般地,配置工程师会选择并把一个或多个描述了设备的单个智能处理对象67a或非智能部件68拖到配置区66上。配置工程师之后将使配置区66内的智能设备流程对象与智能连接器流程对象67b互相连接,并且可以把输入和输出流67c设置到显示中。而且,非智能部件可以添加到显示中。在使用弹出特性菜单等的流程期间,配置工程师可以变化每个智能处理对象的特性,尤其是可以改变与这些智能处理对象相关的方法、参数、标签、名称、敏感链接、模式、类、输入和输出等。在流程或配置工程师已经创建了一个处理模块时,其中所述处理模块具有每个所需的部件,该处理模块通常表示流程配置、区域等,配置工程师可以定义准则或有关该模块的功能。这些准则可以是执行准则,例如与系统级方法的性能相关的准则,例如质量平衡以及流量计算。该流程工程师或操作员还可以确定增加,在流程显示为在线时可能十分有用的趋势以及面板。在创建图形显示35c之后,配置工程师可以在存储器中保存显示,并且在此时或稍后,以执行引擎48可以提供图形显示的方式,对该显示进行示例并且下载到执行引擎48。当然,配置工程师可能以相同或相似的方式创建处理模块,尽管对于处理模块有不同的,与流程图形显示部件相反的图形描述。而且,操作员可以在具体水平在工厂运行的同时,选择使用具体水平。例如,一个具体水平可能显示一个连接处的组成。
如上所提到的,流程图形或处理模块可以提供有专用标签。例如,图形显示或处理模块内的智能处理对象部件可以提供有标签,该标签包括别名,别名可以根据其它因素,例如从流程控制系统内选择的一种设备或程序,由例如执行引擎48在运行时间进行填写或选择。别名名称的使用以及对过程控制系统的直接参考在美国专利号为6,385,496的美国专利中有详细论述,该专利转让给了本发明的受让人,并且合并于此作为参考。这些技术中的任何一个都可以用于提供和解决此处所述的智能处理对象的标签中的别名。在使用别名等的情况下,相同处理模块可以包括或用于支持各组设备等的各种视图。
配置程序38可以被用于以多层的方式设计图3所示的显示64,以便例如,标记(视图1、视图2和视图3)可以用于访问和创建处理模块或图形显示的不同视图。这些标记可以运用在配置环境中,以访问和创建不同的视图,这些标记可以,或者不可以在运行时(即当执行引擎48为用户产生流程图形显示时)在这些视图间切换时不可以使用。在任一情况中,不同的视图可以选择性地被提供,以支持与加工厂相关的不同用户。关于这些不同视图的进一步的细节,以及视图在相同流程图形显示的各个内容层中,可能包括或使用相同的智能处理对象(或不同智能处理对象的子集)的方式,将在下面进行说明。
在进一步地讨论不同类型的用户可以获取的定制内容层之前,流程图形显示的本质和配置现在将结合实施例显示一起进行大致说明。一般而言,在配置工程师创建处理模块或图形显示时,配置应用程序38把智能处理对象以及这些对象之间的连接自动存储在数据库中。该数据库可以用于创建其它处理模块以及图形显示,这些图形显示可以例如使用一个或多个相同智能处理对象来提供不同视图。这样,在创建第二视图时,配置工程师可以简单地参考已经创建并存储数据库内的智能处理对象和一起存储的任何方法等,以便把该智能处理对象设置在第二视图内。通过这种方式,随着处理模块和图形显示的创建,数据库的内容可以增加,并且可以在任何时间,通过已经存在于处理流数据库内的智能处理对象来使用该数据库,以创建并执行其它视图、模块以及图形显示。通过这样的数据库,在该数据库内的智能处理对象可以支持或使用在处理模块中,并在多个图形显示中作为参考。可以理解的是,处理模块可以通过建立这些模块的显示来构建,以及在构建之后规定用于处理模块中或与处理模块有关的流程算法。当然,各个处理模块可以分布在不同计算机中来执行,这些处理模块可以互相通信连接以彼此结合,在相同或不同计算机上进行运行。以上流程完成时,将从外部参考输入以及输出流把处理模块连接到一起。
如上所提到的,作为处理模块或图形显示创建的部分,配置工程师可以附上或提供处理模块的仿真算法。这些仿真算法可以被预先配置,以计算或确定具体流程或系统级特性,例如有关由处理模块描述或建模的流程的质量平衡计算、流量计算、效率计算、经济计算等。结果,处理模块本身可以具有能够分配给工作站的模式、状态以及警报行为,并且可以作为显示下载的部分进行下载。如果需要,仿真算法可以由执行引擎48来执行,以使用提供给处理模块的智能处理对象内的数据,来实现质量或热量平衡、流量行程、流量效率、流量优化、有关流程仿真的经济计算或其它需要计算。而且,执行仿真算法可以访问来自控制策略,即有关以及下载到控制器、现场设备等的控制模块的参数,反之,也可以给执行控制模块提供数据或信息。
可以理解的是,执行引擎48应该能使流程算法能够执行所有流程对象的合并,和在所有显示上配置过的链接。因此,仿真算法(位于处理模块内)通常会被执行,而不考虑任何相关图形显示是否加载,即直接调用并给用户显示信息。当然,仿真算法可以在整个流程10或流程10的预定义子区上被交叉检验。也可以理解,在执行任何特定处理模块期间,执行引擎48可以给操作员在操作员界面上提供显示,该操作员界面根据有关处理模块的图形显示来描述该处理模块内的互连对象或视图。显示的参数、图形等将通过处理模块内的智能对象的配置以及互连来确定。而且,在该显示或其它显示上提供的警报或其它信息,可以通过位于智能处理对象内的方法以及有关特定处理模块的仿真算法来定义并产生。如果需要,执行引擎48可以给多个操作员界面来提供处理模块的显示,或可以被配置或设置而不提供显示,即使在执行引擎48继续执行处理流模块,和相关的方法、警报行为、流程算法等。
图4示出了可以使用上面描述的部件和配置应用程序来创建的实例图形显示100。具体地说,图形显示100描述了可以从水、酸、碱中产生白矾的加工厂的部分。如图4所示的,流程图形显示100包括在输入处限定了碱进料、酸进料、水进料以及冷却水的流(stream)的四个流部件102。碱进料流102通过导管连接部件104传送到为阀106的形式的执行部件。阀106的输出通过导管连接部件104连接到混合器108的第一输入。通过相似的方式,酸进料102连接到传送器部件110并且之后连接到另一个阀112,阀112连接到混合器108。酸进料102与传送器110、传送器110与阀112以及阀112与混合器108都是通过导管连接部件114连接的。
很容易地看出,混合器108的输出通过导管以及两个传送器124和126连接到热交换器122、冷却水流102通过阀128传送到热交换器122,并且通过阀130从热交换器排出以产生回流水流部件131。同样地,热交换器122的输出传送器部件132和阀134传送以提供输出乙酸流部件136。特别地,虽然并不总是要集中的,图形显示中的部件在任何情况下都是通过导管连接部件互相连接的。
可以理解,图形显示框(box)140,其可以作为显示部件本身的特性产生,或可以是传送器以及估计特性部件或参考控制模块内的各块的部件形式的分离部件,显示在图形显示100中以表示或显示参数,例如有关不同部件的流程变量(PV)值、设置点(SP)值、OUT值等。另外,如果用户在一些部件上设置光标,显示100可以显示有关参考部件的其它数值。例如,通过在一个流部件(例如乙酸流输出136)上设置光标,可以使该图形表示流程中该点处酸流的组成、压力、温度、密度、流速等。当然,显示在图形显示100上的数值以及参数可以从流程控制系统内的真实参考传送器(例如从控制系统内的AI块),或从可以仿真该部件功能的处理模块仿真部件进行传送。在制造白矾的流程操作或实施对该流程的仿真以用来例如执行设计或操作员训练活动期间,图4的图形显示可以提供给用户。
将被理解的是,智能处理对象的函数、图形显示部件和这里所述的处理模块可以运行在操作员工作站20中,而不需要被下载并配置到加工厂10的控制器、现场设备等中,这就使得这些所述函数更容易被实现、查看、改变等。此外,这些所述函数进行系统级判决比在处理设备、控制器中进行系统级判决要更容易,这是因为属于所述设备的系统级别的信息大致都是操作员工作站20、执行引擎48可获得的,但是,不是所有的这些信息对每个加工厂10的控制器、现场设备都是可获得的。但是,这样做是有优势的,一些与处理模块有关的逻辑,例如原始,可以嵌入在加工厂10的设备、装置、控制器中。使用智能处理对象创建集成的流程控制模块和图形显示可以使执行引擎48,例如,自动地检测出泄漏,并以最少量的用户配置行动产生智能警报,进而计算、跟踪保持加工厂10中的流和质量的平衡,进而跟踪加工厂10中的损失,进而为加工厂10提供更高级别的诊断,并在工程设计和操作人员训练时仿真加工厂的运行。
图5显示了将执行引擎48和处理模块和使用的图形显示,集成到具有分布控制策略的加工厂中一种可能的方式。如图5所示,由处理模块创建的或与处理模块相关的显示类定义220,在执行引擎执行时提供显示给操作人员,并且显示类定义220被提供给控制配置数据库和工程工具222,所述控制配置数据库和工程工具222在控制策略文件中以需要的方式对这些显示类定义进行使用和组织。处理算法224可以在运行时间之前与这些显示类定义220相关联,接着显示类定义及其流算法被实例化并提供给图形显示/处理模块运行时环境226(该环境可以通过在一个或者多个工作站中的一个或者多个执行引擎的形式来实现)。图形显示/处理模块运行时环境226在运行时,使用一个下载脚本解析器228在运行时解析代码(即,执行及时的对象代码转化),并使用一个基于规则的执行引擎230执行流算法或其它规则,其中所述的其它规则基于为显示类提供的程序,或者基于与显示类约定的程序。在这个过程中,图形显示/处理模块运行时环境226可以与控制模块运行时环境232通讯,以提供数据或者信息到控制模块运行时环境232,或者访问来自提供数据或者信息到控制模块运行时环境232的数据或其它信息。当然,图形显示/处理模块运行时环境226与控制模块运行时环境232可以通过任何需要的或者是任何预先配置的通信网络来进行通信,例如图1所示的以太网总线24。更进一步地,其他的将这里描述的图形显示、处理模块、流程控制集成在一个标准控制系统或加工厂中的方法,也可以被使用。
如上所述和显示的,在图4的示例流程图形显示中,智能处理对象具有图形部件和仿真部件,并可用于对加工厂或者部分加工厂的运行进行描述与建模。在下面的描述中,结合实时例对图形部件或智能处理对象的各个方面进行了更详细的阐明。通常来说,先总结一下前面的描述,每个智能处理对象表示一个物理设备或者加工厂部件,并包括一个在对该部件进行图形描述的图形部件,以及建模或仿真部件,例如算法,在运行在加工厂时所述建模或者仿真部件对处理元件的行为进行建模或仿真。具体地,智能处理对象可以包括一个为操作人员显示的显示部件、数据存储和方法,其中数据存储用于存储属于加工厂中的相关实体并被相关实体接收的数据和信息,其中所述方法可以执行在存储和接收的数据上,并对图形描述进行描绘。多个智能处理对象可以相互地连接,以创建出一个流程图形显示,该流程图形显示描绘加工厂特定部分的运行。到那为止,来自实际加工厂(例如,在加工厂中进行测量)的数据还可以与流程图形显示相通讯,并在流程图形显示中进行描述,其中流程图形显示是使用智能处理对象创建的。通过这样的实施而产生的内容和信息可以通过流程图形显示进行显示,所述流程图形显示可以由执行引擎,一个或者多个单独的描绘引擎(例如,矢量图形描绘引擎),或者任何其他的引擎、程序、或软件,这些所述引擎、程序、或软件适合于产生描述所述内容和信息的图形。
在对智能处理对象和由智能处理对象创建的流程图形显示进行进一步的详细描述之前,应该注意的是,关于智能处理对象和流程图形显示以及它们和处理模块的使用的信息还可以在,(1)2004年10月22日递交的美国专利申请号为10/278,469、题目为“加工厂中的智能处理模块和对象”的美国专利;(2)2003年7月21日递交的美国专利申请号为10/625,481、题目为“加工厂中图形显示部件、处理模块和控制模块的集成”的美国专利;(3)2004年12月16日递交的美国专利申请号为11/014,307、题目为“使用智能连接部件的加工厂仿真”的美国专利,在此将这三个发明全部合并于此作为参考。例如,对于2004年12月16日递交的美国专利申请号为11/014,307、题目为“使用智能连接部件的加工厂仿真”的美国专利,可参照其中的图5-图8,相应于这些图的文字部分在其中的〔0075〕段到〔0107〕段,其中图5显示了嵌套的流程图形显示,图6显示了与流程图形显示相关的处理模块,图7A和图7B显示了集成的流程图形显示和处理模块与控制模块之间的通信互连,图8显示了互连流程和一个提供了高级控制与仿真能力的控制模块。
如上所述,配置程序形成了一个或者多个大致反应了部分加工厂和加工厂的某个区域的图形显示。更具体地说,每个图形显示包括了多个流程图形部件,其中所述流程图形部件与各个用于仿真部分加工厂的处理模块的处理模块部件相联系。每个流程图形部件和处理模块可以是通过例如,流程控制系统,与一个对应的加工厂部件数据连接,该加工厂部件可为,例如测量部件(例如,发送器)、执行器(例如,马达)、处理部件(例如,反应器)。一旦配置后,流程图形部件被设计为,通过与控制系统相连接以动态地描述与加工厂部件的在线运行有关的信息和内容,例如流程测量和状态显示。另外,反应在线流程运行的非测量参数可以使用流程仿真参数、算法等来计算,其中所述流程仿真参数、算法是在处理模块或处理模块中的处理模块部件来提供的,所述的非测量参数还可以作为与图形显示相关的整体部分进行显示。如前所述,由所述处理模块提供的流程仿真还可以使用在离线环境中,以达到操纵或培训仿真的目的。
每个流程图形显示除了支持前述的离线和在线功能以外,还可以被配置为包括多个定制的视图或层,其中每个视图或层可以反应特定的内容或者信息,所述特定的内容或信息是定向于(1)当前运行环境(例如,离线运行或在线仿真运行),和(2)当前用户对图形显示的查看。当加工厂是离线运行时,可能的使用包括操作人员训练,教学和任何其他的仿真环境。当加工厂是在线运行时,多种类型的操作人员和维护人员以及其他人员,可以查看流程图形显示,以与加工厂相互作用。在每种情况下,流程图形显示可以包括或不包括特定的内容或者信息,以满足用户的看法。这样,相同的流程图形显示和其中包含的整个配置信息一起运行在多种用户环境、使用、行动中是有好处的,从而可以避免为每个不同环境、使用、行动进行单独的图形创建和配置的需要。
一般而言,每个流程图形显示或流程图形部件定义为包括内容和信息的多个不同视图。这些视图一般布置为具有特定图形显示的多层内容。在所述层中的显示的数据、信息、和内容,是结合各个在图形显示中显示的智能处理对象来产生、计算和保存的。这些将在下面进行进一步的说明,通过图形显示显示的部分内容可以静态地在多层之间显示,并且其他的层可以为满足特定环境或当前的用户,而添加或删除。添加的内容可以特定为一个明确的加工厂部件(例如,一个执行器),或者添加的内容可以大致与整个处理模块、流程图形显示、被描绘的加工厂的区域、任何加工厂部件及其部分有关。添加的内容可以通过图形显示来表示任何适合于加工厂部件的信息,假设用户当前登录到显示了图形显示的工作站中,并且在该环境中处理模块在执行(例如,离线环境或在线环境)。
在一个实施例中,如果具有当前工作站用户的用户简介或者所述流程图形显示是描绘在其他的显示设备上时,通过流程图形显示显示的内容可以自动确定或指定。所述的用户简介可以指定或者表明一个或者多个特性(例如,一个标识码),其中作决定是依赖于这些特征的。到这为止,用户简介具有表明流程图形显示授权级别或优先权的域值。可选择地,用户简介可以大致指定或者表明特性或者其他细节(即,不用特定地作为部分特性显示授权流程)。可选择地,或者另外,用户简介可以确定一个安全级别或者其他间隙级别,该安全级别或者其他间隙级别确定了哪个流程图形信息或视图(或多个视图)可以由用户来访问。在用户访问多内容视图或层的情况下,一个特定的层可以通过选择图3中的标记,或者通过任何一个传统图形用户界面选择机制(例如,下拉菜单命令等)来进行访问。确定哪个内容层来进行描述,可以是由执行引擎48或者任何一个工作站的处理器或者其他可访问网络的装置来执行的,其中所述的可访问网络的装置可以包括例如,与流程图形显示将在其上进行描绘的显示设备相关的描绘引擎。以这种方式,相同的显示设备(例如,手持式电脑)可以被不同的人员所使用,不同的人员调用不同的内容层来进行显示。
图6到图15是定制图形显示层的示例描述,其中所述定制图形显示层可以依据用户简介和/或运行时环境来进行描绘,这些图中相同的部件都以相同的参考号进行标记。结合图6到图15进行显示和描述的所述用户简介和环境,包括运行、维护、操纵、管理、和培训(即,训练)。但是,应该理解的是,这些用户简介和环境仅仅是示例,在本质上一致的。对于一个给定的加工厂,需要迎合不同的用户简介或环境,从而必须对前述的列表进行增加或者减少。结合任何一个前标记种类来具有多内容层也是有用的,以便,例如两个不同的用户操纵组具有各自的图形显示视图,所述的视图为定制的且表明了各自操纵组的功能和职责。
现在参照图6,其显示了一个运行时流程图形显示300的示例运行视图或操作人员层。流程图形显示300为图简单以简化的形式仅进行了图示,其可以与传统的工具组件相结合来显示,显示为窗口、图像、导航用用户界面环境等,还可以与其他的适于特殊的流程图形显示环境的工具相结合来显示,例如,一个或者多个用于显示流程参数的嵌板,或者任何关于流程图形显示或者任何选中的图形显示部件的其他文字信息或其他信息。更具体地,流程图形显示300可以包括用于选择的面板、嵌板或其他组件所显示的内容或者信息,以通过各种菜单命令,例如,右击或者任何其他图形用户界面激发,来实现临时的、动态的或者静态的显示。
流程图形显示300的运行视图可以包括一个中间嵌板302,在该嵌板中布置有一组流程图形显示部件。每个流程显示部件可以具有静态和动态的部分,以描述相应加工厂部件的运行(或者仿真运行)。这样的动态描述可以包括三维视图、动画和对数据嵌板上的表明了特定加工厂部件的数据进行连续地或周期性的更新。如前所述,每一个流程图形显示部件可以与处理模块的处理模块部件一一对应,其中所述处理模块的处理模块部件可以依次与加工厂的部件一一对应。对于由流程图形显示300表示的示例处理模块,图形显示部件包括一个反应器304,一个泵306,其中泵306布置在携带来自反应器304输出的线中,一个控制着泵306的下游流速的阀308,和一个与反应器304中的流体相通信的水位传感器发射器310。对应着流程图形显示300的处理模块(未示出)因此包括处理模块部件,该处理模块部件显示的以与前面参考的申请中的图7A中处理模块的显示方式相同。
流程图形显示300的运行视图或者操作人员层一般包括数据嵌板,该数据嵌板表明了当前的在线参数或者与数据嵌板有关的加工厂部件的值。例如,水位传感器发射器310具有数据嵌板312,该数据嵌板具有表明当前反应器304中的液体液位的动态数据域,当前的值为2米。数据嵌板312还为测量指定了一个单元(M),该单元(M)可以是静态或者是动态的。数据嵌板312还包括一个详细的显示按钮314,当操作人员选择这个按钮时一般会产生一个面板(未示出),该面板提供了进一步的信息,该信息与水位传感器、水位传感器发射器或者任何其他的与被检测值或参数相关的加工厂装置或设备有关。
如前所描述,值、参数或更一般地通过数据嵌板312显示的内容,可以表明加工厂的实际在线运行,或者在例如测量部件出错时的仿真运行。更一般地,图6中显示的操作人员内容层在需要时,可以被配置为描述任何特定量的仿真信息,该仿真信息由智能处理对象产生。例如,与仿真运行相关的某一信息可能不适合操作人员查看,但是可能用于维护人员来确定是否一个阀(或者如何其他现场设备)运行正常。这种仿真信息不可能通过操作人员层来获得,或者可选地仅通过例如,一个表明实际值和仿真值之间的不需要偏差的警报来间接获得。
在另一个使用了操作人员层的实施例中,训练中的操作人员可能在训练联系中查看流程图形显示300。在这种情况下,流程图形显示300可能看上去与在在线运行时显示的方式相同,如果不同,因此可以为在训练中的操作人员提供一个精确的由加工厂操作人员经历的实际工作站环境的显示。但是,在训练环境和其他离线环境中,流程图形显示300可以包括一个指示信号(未示出),来指示用户流程处于离线状态,并且指示正在进行仿真运行。
如前所述,在图6中显示的图形显示描绘了流程图形显示300的一个单一示例视图,该视图由为每个图形显示部件限定的智能处理对象中方法的执行来描绘或者产生。如前所述,可以认为图6中显示的流程图形显示是作为内容和信息的一个内容层的,其中所述内容和信息是结合图形显示部件和智能处理对象产生。视图或层可以仅包含对所述产生的内容和信息的部分描述,其中所述层为所述产生的内容和信息的几个可能层或者视图中的一个。
图7显示了流程图形显示300的另一个示例内容层320。在该示例中,内容层320主要体现了一个维护环境,该维护环境可能对于用户界面的另一类用户来说有用,其中所述另一类用户包括外部服务提供商或者进行加工厂设备和装置维护的加工厂人员。在一些情况中,维护内容层可能仅在流程是在线时才可用,因为与维护环境相关的信息典型地包括了实际的装备运行。但是,在一些实施例中,维护人员可能有时候要查看与由流程图形显示300表示的加工厂部件的仿真运行相关的信息,或查看由所述加工厂部件的仿真运行衍生出来的信息,特别是以下述的间接的方式进行的参看。更一般地,维护内容层可以表示实际(即,在线)运行和仿真运行信息,来支持对实际运行的比较和其他分析以及支持加工厂部件的仿真建模。结果,在流程处于离线或者在线时,可以在运行时环境中获得维护内容层320。
维护内容层320或者视图可以提供内容或者信息,其中所述内容或者信息可以直接或者间接方式包含来自加工厂仿真运行的数据。例如,内容层320可以直接通过面板(例如,该面板可通过一个选择按钮产生)显示仿真内容。在这种情况下,仿真内容可以表示的是没测量的流程参数或者不能测量的流程参数,例如混合物组成。可选择地,或者另外,图形显示300可以包括具有通过仿真计算出来的信息或内容的图形部件。这些仿真内容可以在嵌板322中连续地显示,其中嵌板322具有一个被控制的图形,该图形表明了与诸如反应器304的流程图形部件之间的联系。另一方面,可以帮助对加工厂装置进行诊断的测量参数可以与仿真产生的值进行比较。到这为止,维护内容层320或者视图可以显示一种实际参数值和仿真参数值,或者这两种参数值均可显示。
在一个实施例中,对实际参数值和仿真参数值的比较可以通过一个健康指示或指示器显示在层320中。如图7所示,为了支持一个想检查测量、执行器或其他设备或装置的健康情况的用户,维护内容层包括一个半圆或圆顶形的图形部件健康指示324,该图形部件具有一个阴影或颜色部分以表示出通过图形显示部件描绘的设备或者装置的健康情况。在这种情况下,健康指示324全部是阴影时,表示水位传感器发射器312在正常运行,或者是健康的。另外一个健康指示器326是部分阴影的或者是填充了一部分区域的,这表明与健康指示器326相关的阀308是相对健康的。在这种情况下,与阀308相关的处理模块部件可以接收或者计算表明了阀308的实际,在线运行的数据,以及来自仿真算法的数据或来自执行在智能处理对象内部或者外部的方法的数据。另外的一个包括在智能处理对象内部的算法或方法可以比较运行和仿真数据,以达到一个大约60%的相对健康级别。因此流程图形部件308的健康指示326具有的阴影区域表示了60%的相对健康级别。
通过图形显示300来描述流程装置或设备的健康情况的方式,如果需要可以随着实施例而发生变化。事实上,提供在配置程序中的图形编辑器可以为用户提供一个机会或者能力来设计关于健康指示显示方式的图形和其他细节。例如,图形编辑器可以用于配置具有新图形部件的图形显示部件,其中所述新图形部件描绘了数字表示的显示为数据嵌板的动态域的健康指示。健康信息或者相关内容可以通过一个面板或者任何其他需要的图形部件来显示。在一些情况中,面板可以提供一个多维的健康评估,而不是一个单一的值(例如,60%)。更一般地,维护显示或层320可以通过各种被检测的装置和设备来包括或使用任何数量的不同健康指示,并且也不限于图7所示的示例类型或手段,可以任何方式来使用健康指示。
在一些实施例中,健康指示324和326可以提供一个到资产管理程序或模块的链接,例如可以从爱默生流程管理(www.rosemount.com)的Rosemount公司获取的资产管理解决方案(AMS)。例如,健康指示和其他内容可以由处理模块部件(或处理块)、非正常情况防止(ASP)块或者其他与加工厂部件或者设备相关的默认检测部件来产生,其中所示健康指示和其他内容包括一个对实际运行和/或仿真数据的比较或者计算。所述非正常情况防止块可以与处理块集成在一起,或者是作为在运行时执行的非正常情况防止环境的一部分独立地运行。由非正常情况防止块提供的功能主要包括静态分析和/或专家分析,来确定是否一个默认的情形存在。传统的多变量统计流程控制(MSPC)分析或规则组件分析(PCA)也可以或者选择性地被使用,也可以集成或配置在流程控制系统中,这些技术在同时提交的普通国际转让申请中进行了说明,其中该国际转让申请还要求了前面参考过的美国临时申请的优先权,该美国临时申请的题目为“加工厂中的处理模块和专家系统的集成”,这个发明可以通过参考完整地合并于此,并对前述的关于多变量统计流程控制(MSPC)分析、规则组件分析(PCA)或者其他专家分析或与专家相关的分析(见,例如其图13和相关的文字部分)集中地进行了说明。如果需要,到其他信息、内容、申请或解决方案的链接也可以提供来支持维护或其他当前功能。
健康指示324和326是处理图形部件的例子,或者是其某些一直包括着处理图形部件各个实例的方面,并且这些方面不在图形显示300中显示。换句话说,当处理模块、流程图形显示或图形显示部件被创建或配置时,用户可以从调色板(图形集合)中选择一个图形部件放置在画布部分或工作区域中,以描绘出被创建的处理模块。流程图形部件的选择和放置为被创建的处理模块创建了一个特殊的例子,进而复制全部的方法、算法、设置、特征或者限定了该例子的其他的方面。在放置了图形之后,部件可以进一步地进行配置,并在流程图形显示(和相关流程模块)中被连接。但是不像现有技术那样,这些流程图形部件(和流程模块和图形显示)的例子可以被运用在运行、维护和其他环境的用户界面中,以及运用在通过前面讨论的多层或多视图进行查看的多种用户所使用的用户界面中。通过这种方式,部件仅仅需要创建和配置一次,尽管存在多种使用情况和环境。当前的用户或环境决定部件如何进行显示,特殊地决定是否某些相关的内容或信息(例如,健康指示)将被显示。
健康指示324和326还是流程图形显示的示例的项或者方面,所述流程图形显示在各个视图或者内容层被确定下来进行描绘时会自动产生。在图形显示产生或者描绘出来后,维护人员或其他人员接收健康指示内容,其中维护人员或其他人员是可以获得维护内容层的。通过特定的显示层来自动产生的内容,可以由当前登录到工作站中的用户的简介来确定。但是,在一个为特定用户产生多个内容层的可选实施例中,可以在用户通过选择一个层标记或其他的命令或选择(例如,“显示健康指示”)后,进行用户判断后在图形显示中产生健康指示和其他特定内容或信息。
图8显示了另外一个图形显示300的示例内容层,具体地说,显示了为具有访问优先权的操纵人员或其他人员设计的内容层330。操纵内容层330提供了一个如何将定制内容或者信息大致添加到流程图形显示中的例子。与维护内容层320中的健康指示324和326相反,其中健康指示324和326是特定的图形显示部件相关,图形显示300的层可以添加(或者移除)与整个处理流程图形大致相关的内容或者信息。在这种情况下,操纵视图或层330包括一个与数据嵌板312和阀308的动态域相链接的静态线332。更特殊地,静态线332建立了在图形显示级别添加的内容,而不是部件级别添加的内容。对于显示在图形显示300中的每一个其他部件,静态线332的形式或者其他的表示可以由流程图形显示的配置工程师使用图形编辑器随需要进行变化。在任何的情形中,静态线332可以用于指明一个通过数据嵌板提供的值或者参数与阀308之间的控制连接或者结合。例如,一个指明了阀308的控制程序的控制模块可以依据于一个模拟量(AI)输入参数,该模拟量输入参数与显示在数据嵌板312中的值相关联,如前所述模拟量输入参数可以由一个为反应器304的水位发射器来提供。
在图8所示的示例实施例中,静态线332可能对于那些更熟悉运行在控制模块中的控制程序,而不是加工厂设备的物理结构的操纵人员来说更有用。静态线332方便地标识出了包含在所述控制程序中的设备、装置、测量和数据。
其他的显示在操纵内容层中的数据的示例类型包括或者包含仿真信息,例如估计流属性或者单元的属性,例如,计算出来的运行效率。在流程图形显示中这些内容的选择或者放置可以通过使用一个估计属性部件来完成,该估计属性部件通过一个例如以测量种类进行排列的预定义显示部件的集合来进行提供。估计属性部件例如在显示计算的泵释放压力时很有用。如前所述,所述估计属性部件的显示不限于任何一个特殊的内容层,并且可以由配置工程师来指定或者定义,以随需要对流程图形显示进行设计来使用任何一个或者多个内容层或视图。
显示在操纵内容层330中的内容或者信息可以仅可让具有操纵访问优先权,或者例如具有合适的或充足安全级别或批准的用户来使用。更一般地,用户简介所具有的特点可以用于确定是否用户可以访问一个或者多个特定视图或者内容层。到这为止,用户简介可以提供一个或者多个访问级、优先权或其他批准。
内容层的另一个例子是一个管理内容层或视图,其中在用户简介中的该内容层的访问优先权或安全批准信息可以用于确定是否内容层要被显示。图9显示了一个示例管理视图或者内容层340。在一个与所示的连接操纵内容层330相似的方式中,特定内容或者信息可以在一个显示级别上添加到管理视图340中,以对流程性能进行大致的评估。可选择地,或者另外,内容可以以部件级别进行添加。例如,趋势窗口342可以显示出与反应变换相关的内容和信息。显示在图9中的另一个例子包括一个静态描述(例如,“交换器淤塞指数”)和一个用于指示热交换器被淤塞程度的动态域。诸如这些窗口、域和其他显示部件的部件项可以包括在流程图形显示的内容层中,以便具有管理用户简介或者同等的管理级别优先权的人员来使用。
在图9中显示的管理层340还提供了一个内容或者信息可以从视图中除去的例子。在这种情况中,管理者不需要具有操作人员或者维护人员的优先权,结果是用于发起操作人员或维护人员相关面板的图形显示部件没有显示。例如,在图7中显示过的维护内容层320的详细显示按钮314就没有提供。结果,通过触发按钮314就可获得的面板对于限于示例管理内容层340的用户来说就不能获得。相似地,管理内容层340不包括维护视图的健康指示324和326。在一些情形中,内容或者信息可能因简化流程图形显示而被移除,但是其他的目的可能包含在配置决定中。当简化是唯一的隐含了要进行定制的观点时,一种选择可以提供给内容层的用户,以显示与其他视图或者层(通过例如,一个“显示所有”命令)相关的内容,当然假设当前的用户具有合适的批准或者访问优先权。
图10-15显示了多种示例流程图形显示和图形显示部件以用在训练或者教学的环境中。多内容层可以被参与训练的不同用户获得或者描绘。特别地,一个这样的内容层可以被教员和负责训练操作人员的其他人员来使用,同时其他的内容层可以为接受培训的操作人员而产生。在过去,在训练阶段使用的图形显示经常与实际操作人员显示相独立地被创建,因此与实际操作人员显示不相关。这样的不相关导致了不精确、差异产生的可能性,从而使训练流程不完整或令人误解。训练显示的单独本质还使那些如前所述的对用户界面系统进行配置的人员可以产生更多的图形显示。
不用不得不为接受培训的操作人员和教员创建单独的图形显示,图10到图15显示了这样的人员是如何通过相同的所使用的流程图形显示的定制内容层来适应在其他的环境中的。在这个例子中,接受培训的操作人员可以显示为带有一个流程图形显示视图350,该视图与显示给实际操作人员的视图类似。例如,这两个视图可以包含有相同的图形显示部件,即补给阀352、再循环箱354、再循环阀356、反应阀358、泵360以及各自的连接。训练视图350与运行内容层不同之处仅仅在于,通过与前面提及的一个图形显示部件相关的一个敏感按钮所表示的特定数据或详细信息,表明的是仿真运行而不是在线运行。当然这些都是假设在仿真环境中接受培训的操作人员是允许出事训练的教员可以依次地改变参数和流程的其他方面,而不用关闭或者改变实际的在线流程或者加工厂部件。
如图11所示,其为对应于接受培训的操作人员视图350的训练教员视图370。对于这里描述的内容层或者视图,隐含了为训练教员服务的视图内容的配置细节可以通过配置程序38添加到流程图形显示中。一般来说,教员视图或层370可以为教员提供插入额外的图形显示部件到流程图形显示的能力。这样的图形显示部件一旦被插入,就会以教员所需要的方式来影响仿真运行。例如,教员或者其他查看训练教员视图370的人员可以添加一个手动的或者手阀(或任何其他部件)来仿真当前的手阀,其中当前的手阀是存在于加工厂中(因此,可能为流程引入干扰),但是没有显示在流程控制系统中或与流程控制系统相连接。教员内容层370还可能具有仿真其他干扰的能力,例如那些被当前的嵌板控制变化或其他流程会起反应的当前输入所影响的内容。在这个方面中,教员层可以,但不需要,与其他的在运行时确定的层不同,同样地也不用展示出灵活性来改变或者添加配置环境外的图形显示部件(和相应的功能)。
如图11所示的示例教员层370包括多个手动阀372、374、376、378,其分别沿着,前面图10中进行标识的流程图形显示的非连接部件和另外显示在操作人员内容层中的非连接部件之间的连接进行布置。在一个实施例中,这样的手动阀可以自动地插入到教员层的描绘中,例如最初配置为对流经各个连接的流没有影响。内容层370的教员或者其他的用户可以接着修改一个或者多个手动阀372、374、376、378的参数或者其他的设置,以引入干扰和其他的影响并控制仿真。相似地,教员内容层370可以包括一个当前嵌板图形显示部件380,来为教员提供指定参数的能力,所述参数在在加工厂的设备中通过例如,当前嵌板来获取。可选地,为所述当前嵌板提供的图形和功能通过一个定制的图形显示部件来定义,其中所述定制的图形显示部件是使用配置程序38来创建,并被配置为在教员内容层370中进行显示。在随便任一个示例中,由被训练的操作人员所看见的流程图形显示视图不显示所述当前嵌板或者所述干扰的源,但是仍然可以反应和表明当前嵌板或所述的干扰源的影响。
仿真干扰的引入可以提供在任何图形显示部件的连接中,该图形显示部件包括如前所述的手动阀372、374、376、378中的一个。更一般地,如果教员选择(例如,点击或靠近)一个图形显示部件,例如在泵360外部的传感器或发射器382,接着一个面板384如图12所示被提供。面板384可以提供任何数量的机会来调整参数,例如噪声级别、偏差级别或者更一般的健康指示(例如,状态“差”)。这样的参数可能,但不需要,是可以被手动或者其他方式进行控制(见例如,在图12显示的噪声级别滑块)的实际参数。更典型地说,这样的参数是被设计为来模拟设备或者装置的问题的,进而影响了实际方式的仿真运行。
图13显示了一个支持教员引入的仿真干扰的可选显示部件。不用面板来表明这样的信息,而是使用对话框390来响应教员对另一个发射器392的选择,其中发射器392对应了一个流速传感器。对话框390可以为教员展示多个域来指明各种参数或者值,例如,域状态、坏的域值和噪音级别。
图14和15具体地显示了教员内容层的示例的当前嵌板控制部件。具体地说,当前嵌板部件400可以允许教员来启动或者停止或以其他方式控制马达,例如泵马达。选择按钮420或其他的组件可以被提供,以方便一个这种方案的选择,进而来仿真典型的HOA功能(即,选择控制控、不控制或自动选择)。其他的执行器加工厂部件可以展现一个具有多个用于设计、修改等的当前嵌板部件402,而不论这些参数是否实际上,在位于执行器中的实际当前嵌板中是可控制的。例如,当前嵌板部件402包括各个选择按钮,控制选择项404、速度选择406、振动级别408、“智能”选择和“停止”选择412。
如这里所使用的,加工厂部件可以指的是一个单一现场设备或其他加工厂组件或一组任何这样的组件。例如,单一组件可以是执行器(例如,阀)、处理部件(例如,反应器)、测量或使用仪器部件(例如,传感器或者发射器)、连接部件(例如,管)、流部件等。一组这样的加工厂组件可以,或者不需要,指的是任何显示在流程图形显示中的加工厂部件的子集。
在应用时,任何这里所述的软件可以保存在任何电脑可读的存储器中,例如磁盘、光盘或其他存储介质,以及电脑或处理器等的RAM或ROM中。同样地,这些软件可以被交付给用户、加工厂或者使用了任何公知或需要的传输方法的操作者工作站,该公知或需要的传输方法包括例如,通过电脑可读盘或其他便携式电脑存储机构,或者通过通信线路,例如电话线、因特网、万维网、或任何局域网或广域网等来传输(这种传输被视为与通过便携式存储介质来提供所述的软件相同或者可相互改变的)。更进一步地,这种软件可以直接被提供而不需要调制或者加密,或者可以在经通信线路传输之前,使用任何合适的调制载波和/或加密技术进行调制和/或加密。
虽然结合几个实施例对本发明进行了描述,这些实施例是描述性的,而不是对本发明进行限制的,本领域的普通技术人员应该理解的是,对所揭示的实施例进行的变化、添加或删除都将不超出本发明的精神和保护范围。
Claims (21)
1、一种为加工厂提供用户界面的方法,包括:
为加工厂的加工厂部件的流程图形显示的多个内容层产生信息;
从所述多个内容层中确定一个内容层来通过用户界面显示;
通过所述用户界面显示确定的多个内容层中的那个内容层。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述产生信息的步骤包括:
处理从加工厂接收的与加工厂部件相关的运行时数据。
3、如权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述确定内容层的步骤包括:基于用户简介特征选择所述确定的内容层,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个操作人员访问的指示;其中所述显示确定的内容层步骤包括:基于所述运行时数据,描绘所述多个内容层中的一个操作人员内容层。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述产生信息的步骤包括:
处理与所述加工厂部件的仿真运行相关的仿真数据。
5、如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述确定内容层的步骤包括:基于用户简介特征选择所述确定的内容层,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个维护访问的指示;其中所述显示确定的内容层步骤包括:基于所述仿真数据描绘所述多个内容层中的一个维护内容层。
6、如权利要求4所述的方法,进一步包括:
引入仿真干扰到所述加工厂部件的仿真运行中。
7、如权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述确定内容层的步骤包括:基于用户简介特征选择所述确定的内容层,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个训练教员访问的指示;其中所述显示确定的内容层步骤包括:描绘所述多个内容层中的一个教员内容层来支持所述的引入仿真干扰的步骤。
8、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述确定内容层的步骤包括:
根据用户简介特征,选择所述多个内容层中的内容层。
9、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述产生信息的步骤包括:
实现定义在多个对象中的对象方法,其中所述对象分别对描绘在所述流程图形显示中的加工厂部件进行了建模。
10、如权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述多个对象中的每一个对象进一步地为多个所述内容层中的每个内容层定义了加工厂部件的图形描绘。
11、一种用于具有加工厂部件的加工厂的用户界面系统,包括:
电脑可读介质;
显示设备;
包括有存储在所述电脑可读介质中的关于加工厂部件运行信息的对象;
使用在运行时环境中的对象信息,为流程图形显示的多个内容层产生内容的引擎;
其中所述显示设备描绘多个内容层中的一个特定内容层。
12、如权利要求11所述的用户界面系统,其中所述对象信息与从加工厂接收关于加工厂部件在线运行的运行时数据相关。
13、如权利要求12所述的用户界面系统,其中所述特定内容层是基于用户简介特征确定,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个操作人员访问的指示以便所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的操作人员内容层中的运行时数据进行特定的描绘。
14、如权利要求11所述的用户界面系统,其中所述对象信息与产生关于所述加工厂部件的仿真运行的仿真数据相关。
15、如权利要求14所述的用户界面系统,其中所述特定内容层是基于用户简介特征确定,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个维护访问的指示以便所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的维护内容层中的仿真数据进行特定的描绘。
16、如权利要求14所述的用户界面系统,其中所述对象包括另外的与所述加工厂部件的仿真运行的仿真干扰有关的信息。
17、如权利要求16所述的用户界面系统,其中所述特定内容层是基于用户简介特征确定,其中所述用户简介特征包括一个训练教员访问的指示以便所述特定内容层对在多个内容层中的教员内容层中的仿真数据进行特定的描绘,其中所述仿真是由所述仿真干扰引起。
18、一种为加工厂提供用户界面的方法,包括:
通过处理关于加工厂在线运行和仿真运行的数据,为多个不同类型的用户界面用户产生内容;和
依据多个不同类型用户中的当前用户类型,确定选中的内容部分,在加工厂特定的描绘中描绘所述选中的内容部分。
19、如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述描绘选中的内容部分的步骤包括:
确定是否所述加工厂是在线的,并进一步确定用于特定描绘的选中的内容部分。
20、一种为加工厂配置用户界面的方法,包括:
创建流程图形显示,该流程图形显示具有多个分别地代表了加工厂中的多个加工厂单元的图形显示部件;
通过定义与对应的加工厂单元的在线运行相关的参数,和通过定义支持对应加工厂单元仿真运行的仿真参数,来配置多个图形显示部件;
建立多个内容层,以通过流程图形显示的特定视图选择性地显示与加工厂部件的在线和仿真运行有关的信息。
21、如权利要求20所述的方法,进一步包括:
分别保存用于多个图形显示部件的多个对象,其中每个所述对象包括与在线运行相关的参数和仿真参数。
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