TWI617936B - 於電子設備中嵌入鑑認系統 - Google Patents

於電子設備中嵌入鑑認系統 Download PDF

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TWI617936B
TWI617936B TW103136545A TW103136545A TWI617936B TW I617936 B TWI617936 B TW I617936B TW 103136545 A TW103136545 A TW 103136545A TW 103136545 A TW103136545 A TW 103136545A TW I617936 B TWI617936 B TW I617936B
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user
electronic device
sensor
input
finger
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TW201506664A (zh
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安東尼 法朵
安德魯 哈植
史蒂凡 史考
盧本 卡貝勒羅
傑西 李 多洛格斯克
史蒂芬 塞德斯基
艾墨瑞 珊弗德
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蘋果公司
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Abstract

本發明係針對一種具有用於限制對設備資源之存取之嵌入鑑認系統的電子設備。該鑑認系統可包含可操作以偵測使用者之生物特徵資訊的一或多個感測器。該等感測器可位於設備內，使得感測器可在使用者操作設備時偵測適當生物特徵資訊，而無需要求使用者執行用於提供生物特徵資訊的步驟(例如，在輸入機構內嵌入指紋感測器，而非在設備外殼之單獨部分內提供指紋感測器)。在一些實施例中，該鑑認系統可操作以偵測輸入之視覺或時間型樣以鑑認使用者。回應於鑑認，使用者可存取受限檔案、應用程式(例如，由該使用者購買之應用程式)或設定(例如，諸如聯絡人或所保存之遊戲設定檔的應用程式設定)。

Description

於電子設備中嵌入鑑認系統
本發明係關於具有嵌入之鑑認系統的電子設備。
電子設備尤其是攜帶型電子設備用於儲存個人資訊。舉例而言，使用者可使用蜂巢式電話、PDA、智慧電話或其它電子設備儲存聯絡人、電子郵件、日曆資訊、文件及其它由使用者使用之資訊。雖然此資訊可能未必是機密，但使用者可能希望至少一些該資訊不可由他人使用。一種防止未經授權者存取及查看使用者個人資訊的方法可為，要求電子設備使用者在啟用設備功能或存取設備資源之前提供密碼(password)或通行碼(pass code)。舉例而言，電子設備在顯示設備主畫面(例如，桌面)或選單之前可要求使用者鍵入四個數字或四個字母的PIN碼。作為另一實例，用於偵測使用者指紋或用於掃描使用者視網膜的附屬設備可耦接至設備，使得使用者必須首先出示經過授權之指紋或視網膜，然後方可收到對設備之存取權。
雖然此兩種方法皆可使用，但基於密碼或通行碼限制存取僅在其它使用者不知道密碼或通行碼時方能奏效。一旦有人知道密碼或通行碼，限制機制便可能變得無效。此外，密碼或通行碼可能會被忘掉，因此會鎖住設備令授權使用者無法使用。此外，要求使用者提供指紋或經受視網膜掃描可能對於使用者而言既費時間又麻煩，因為在 使用者可存取設備前要進行額外步驟。雖然此方法較之鍵入密碼或通行碼更安全，但其需要花費硬體(例如，必要的掃描儀、偵測器或讀取器)成本及時間。因此，需要提供一種電子設備，藉此在設備中實施生物特徵及其它鑑認機制，令設備可例如在使用者打開、解鎖或喚醒設備時便利無阻滯地鑑認使用者。
提供用於鑑認電子設備使用者之方法、電子設備及電腦可讀媒體。在一些實施例中，電子設備可便利無阻滯地鑑認使用者。該電子設備可接收來自使用者的輸入，該輸入由電子設備之輸入機構提供。該電子設備可在使用者提供該輸入時，自嵌入或鄰近於該輸入機構之一或多個感測器偵測識別資訊。該電子設備可藉由比較該偵測到之識別資訊與儲存於設備庫內的識別資訊來鑑認該使用者。舉例而言，該感測器可包含用於偵測使用者皮膚特徵或使用者皮膚下之特徵的感測器。該感測器可嵌入觸控螢幕、按鈕(例如，鍵盤或滑鼠之按鈕)、輸入機構附近之設備外殼(例如，鍵盤附近之膝上型電腦外殼)中之至少一處或任何其它合適位置。
在一些實施例中，該電子設備可判定使用者與該設備之一感測組件對準，而無需引導該使用者與該感測組件對準。舉例而言，感測組件可定位成令感測器之感測區域包含使用者在操作電子設備時的預期位置。該感測器可使用感測組件感測使用者之一或多個生物特徵屬性(例如，顏面部或眼部特徵)。舉例而言，感測器可包含位於鄰近設備顯示器的相機或光學感測器。隨後可藉由將偵測到之生物特徵屬性與電子設備儲存或可存取之生物特徵屬性庫作比較而鑑認使用者。
在一些實施例中，該電子設備可基於使用者選擇之共通選項屬性而鑑認使用者。該電子設備可顯示若干可選選項供使用者選擇，且可接收使用者對於選項子集之選擇。該電子設備隨後可識別一些或全 部選定選項共通之一或多個屬性。該等屬性可包含例如以下中之至少一者：尺寸、顏色、輪廓、填充型樣、形狀、與其它選項之對準、一選項相對於其它選項之位置、選項來源或任何其它合適的屬性。電子設備隨後可基於識別出之屬性鑑認使用者。舉例而言，若使用者選擇共用與特定使用者相關聯之屬性的全部形狀，則電子設備可鑑認使用者。
在一些實施例中，該電子設備可基於設備接收到之輸入型樣而鑑認使用者。該電子設備可包含可操作以偵測使用者提供之若干輸入的感測器。舉例而言，該感測器可包含可操作以接收使用者提供之輸入的輸入機構。作為另一實例，該感測器可包含可操作以偵測電子設備之移動或與電子設備之接觸的加速計或回轉儀。該電子設備可操作以識別偵測到之輸入的型樣，且將識別出之型樣與儲存於記憶體內之型樣作比較以鑑認使用者。該等型樣可包含時間型樣(例如，關於連續輸入之間的延遲)、視覺型樣(例如，關於使用者選擇之若干選項或使用者提供之輸入的屬性)或此等之組合。一旦鑑認使用者，電子設備便可向使用者提供對受限電子設備資源的存取。
100‧‧‧電子設備
102‧‧‧處理器
104‧‧‧儲存裝置
106‧‧‧記憶體
108‧‧‧通信電路
110‧‧‧輸入/輸出電路
112‧‧‧鑑認系統
200‧‧‧顯示畫面
210、212、214‧‧‧選項
300‧‧‧顯示畫面
310‧‧‧資訊
320‧‧‧通知
400‧‧‧顯示畫面
410‧‧‧資訊
420‧‧‧通知
500A、500B、500C‧‧‧顯示畫面
510A、510B、510C‧‧‧選項
512A‧‧‧選項
512B‧‧‧圖示欄
512C‧‧‧背景
600‧‧‧顯示器
602‧‧‧畫面
610‧‧‧方塊
612‧‧‧軌跡
620‧‧‧感測器
700‧‧‧電子設備
710、712‧‧‧輸入機構
715‧‧‧顯示器
720‧‧‧感測器
800‧‧‧電子設備
802‧‧‧外殼
804‧‧‧後表面
810‧‧‧顯示器
820‧‧‧感測器
832‧‧‧手掌
900‧‧‧電子設備
910‧‧‧輸入機構
912‧‧‧外殼
920‧‧‧感測器
1000‧‧‧電子設備
1010‧‧‧輸入機構
1012‧‧‧外殼
1020‧‧‧感測器
1100‧‧‧電子設備
1110‧‧‧顯示器
1112‧‧‧受限內容
1120‧‧‧感測器
1200‧‧‧電子設備
1210‧‧‧顯示器
1220‧‧‧感測器
1300‧‧‧顯示器
1310‧‧‧分布
1312‧‧‧形狀
1400‧‧‧顯示器
1410‧‧‧分布
1412‧‧‧形狀
1500‧‧‧處理程序
在考慮以下實施方式之後將明白本發明之以上及其它目的及特徵，實施方式是結合附圖作出，附圖中相同參考符號始終指代相同部分，且其中：圖1為用於與根據本發明一項實施例之鑑認系統一起使用之說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖2為根據本發明一項實施例之電子設備之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖；圖3為根據本發明一項實施例之引導使用者進行鑑認之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖； 圖4為根據本發明一項實施例之引導使用者在存取設備資源之前進行鑑認之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖；圖5A-C為根據本發明一項實施例回應鑑認使用者而提供之與不同使用者相關聯之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖；圖6為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者之指紋之說明性電子設備顯示的示意圖；圖7為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者之指紋之另一說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖8A及8B為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者手紋之說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖9為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者手紋之說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖10為根據本發明一項實施例具有可操作以偵測使用者皮膚下之特徵之感測器之說明性設備的示意圖；圖11為根據本發明一項實施例具有用於偵測使用者顏面部特徵之感測器之說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖12為根據本發明一項實施例具有用於偵測使用者眼部特徵之感測器之說明性電子設備的示意圖；圖13及14為根據本發明一項實施例用於提供視覺型樣之說明性顯示器的示意圖；以及圖15為根據本發明一項實施例用於鑑認使用者之說明性處理程序的流程圖。
提供一種具有用於限制對電子設備資源之存取之鑑認系統的電子設備。對任何合適電子設備資源的存取皆可受到限制，其中包含例如存取儲存於設備上或可供設備使用的檔案或資料。作為另一實例， 對特定應用程式之存取可受到限制(例如，由特定使用者購買之應用程式，或與管理任務或特權相關聯的應用程式)。作為又一實例，對個人設定(例如，顯示之選項、背景影像或用於應用程式之圖示)的存取可一直受到限制，直至使用者鑑認為止。
可實施任何合適的鑑認系統。在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可包含用於偵測使用者之生物特徵或屬性的系統。舉例而言，該電子設備可包含可操作以基於使用者皮膚之特徵或使用者皮膚下之特徵而偵測及鑑認使用者，該等特徵諸如指紋、手紋、掌紋、關節紋、血管型樣或使用者皮膚或使用者皮膚下之任何其它合適部分。作為另一實例，該電子設備可包含可操作以基於使用者之眼部或顏面部特徵或使用者眼部之移動而偵測及鑑認使用者的系統。作為又一實例，該電子設備可包含可操作以偵測使用者耳道的特徵、與使用者相關聯之氣味、使用者之DNA或任何其它與使用者相關聯之合適的生物特徵屬性或資訊的系統。
在一些實施例中，該鑑認系統可包含可操作以基於使用者提供之視覺或時間輸入型樣而識別使用者的系統。舉例而言，該電子設備可顯示若干可選選項或形成視覺型樣的形狀。使用者可選擇顯示之選項的任何合適預定子集以鑑認。舉例而言，使用者可選擇具有共通的預定屬性(例如，尺寸、顏色、形狀或輪廓)的一或多個選項。作為另一實例，使用者可選擇位於顯示器之預定區域內的一或多個選項(例如，獨立於選定選項之屬性)。使用者可同時或循序或作為此等方式之組合而選擇選項。
作為另一實例，使用者可以特定節奏或以特定型樣來提供一系列輸入。舉例而言，使用者可以特定延遲(例如，兩次選擇之間的暫停)來選擇選項。或者，使用者可遵循預定時間型樣而提供設備之感測器(例如，加速計或回轉儀)偵測到的輸入。該設備可藉由敲擊設備 或鄰近於設備之區域所引起之震動、以特定方式移動設備或任何其它用於偵測輸入的合適方法而偵測輸入。
該電子設備可提供鑑認系統之任何合適組合，其中包含例如生物特徵鑑認系統及基於型樣之鑑認系統、若干生物特徵鑑認系統或若干基於型樣的系統。在一些實施例中，不同鑑認系統可與不同資源相關聯，令使用者可在最終存取特定受限資源(例如，私人或個人資訊)之前提供用於若干系統的鑑認資訊。該電子設備可使用任何用於選擇組合哪些鑑認系統的合適方法。舉例而言，使用者可使若干鑑認系統與特定資源相關聯，或電子設備可改為自動(例如，作為預設)向特定資源分配特定鑑認系統。
圖1為用於與根據本發明一項實施例之鑑認系統一起使用之說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備100可包含處理器102、儲存裝置104、記憶體106、通信電路108、輸入/輸出電路110、鑑認系統112以及電源114。在一些實施例中，一或多個電子設備組件100可經組合或省略(例如，組合儲存裝置104與記憶體106)。在一些實施例中，電子設備100可包含未在圖1中之組件中組合或包含之其它組件(例如，顯示器、匯流排或輸入機構)，或者圖1所示之組件的若干實例。為了簡單起見，圖1中僅圖示每一組件中的一者。
處理器102可包含任何可操作以控制電子設備100之操作及效能的處理電路。舉例而言，可使用處理器100來執行作業系統應用程式、韌體應用程式、媒體播放應用程式、媒體編輯應用程式或任何其它應用程式。在一些實施例中，處理器可驅動顯示器以及自使用者介面接收之處理輸入。
儲存裝置104可包含例如一或多個儲存媒體，其中包含硬驅動器、固態驅動器、快閃記憶體、永久記憶體如ROM、任何其它合適類型的儲存組件，或其它任何組合。儲存裝置104可儲存例如媒體資 料(例如音樂及視訊檔案)、應用程式資料(例如，用於實施設備100上之功能)、韌體、使用者偏好資訊資料(例如，媒體播放偏好)、鑑認資訊(例如，與經授權使用者相關聯的資料庫)、生活方式資訊資料(例如，食物偏好)、運動資訊資料(例如，運動監測設備獲得的資訊)、業務資訊資料(例如，諸如信用卡資訊之資訊)、無線連接資訊資料(例如，可啟用電子設備100以建立無線連接的資訊)、預訂資訊資料(例如，跟蹤網路播放(podcast)或電視節目或使用者預訂之其它媒體的資訊)、聯繫資訊資料(例如，電話號碼及電子郵件地址)、日曆資訊資料以及任何其它合適資料或其任何組合。
記憶體106可包含快取記憶體、半永久記憶體如RAM及/或一或多種不同類型的用於臨時儲存資料的記憶體。在一些實施例中，記憶體106亦可用於儲存用以操作電子設備應用程式的資料或任何其它類型的可儲存於儲存裝置104內的資料。在一些實施例中，記憶體106與儲存裝置104可組合為單個儲存媒體。
通信電路108可准許設備100使用任何合適的通信協定與一或多個伺服器或其它設備通信。電子設備100可包含通信電路108的一或多項實例，用於使用不同通信網路同時執行若干通信操作，但圖1中僅展示一者以免令圖式過於複雜。舉例而言，通信電路108可支援Wi-Fi(例如，802.11協定)、乙太網、藍芽TM(其為Bluetooth Sig,Inc.所有的商標)、射頻系統、蜂巢式網路(例如，GSM,AMPS,GPRS,CDMA,EV-DO,EDGE,3GSM,DECT,IS-136/TDMA,iDen,LTE或任何其它合適的蜂巢式網路或協議)、紅外、TCP/IP(例如，每一TCP/IP層內使用之任何協定)、HTTP、BitTorrent、FTP、RTP、RTSP、SSH、IP語音(VOIP)、任何其它通信協定或其任何組合。
輸入/輸出電路110可操作以將類比信號及其它信號轉換(且必要時亦編碼/解碼)成數位信號。在一些實施例中，輸入/輸出電路亦可將 數位資料轉換成任何其它類型之信號，反之亦然。舉例而言，輸入/輸出電路110可接收及轉換實體接觸輸入(例如，來自多觸控螢幕)、實體移動(例如，來自滑鼠或感測器)、類比音訊信號(例如，來自麥克風)或任何其它輸入。該數位信號可提供至以下組件及自以下組件接收：處理器102、儲存裝置104、記憶體106或電子設備100之任何其它組件。雖然圖1中將輸入/輸出電路110說明為電子設備100的單個組件，但可在電子設備100內包含若干輸入/輸出電路的實例。
電子設備100可包含任何用於允許使用者提供對輸入/輸出電路110之輸入的合適機件或組件。舉例而言，電子設備100可包含任何合適的輸入機構，諸如例如按鈕、小鍵盤、撥號盤、棘輪或觸控螢幕。在一些實施例中，電子設備100可包含電容感測機件或多觸控電容感測機件。在共同擁有的2004年7月10日申請之標題為"Gestures for Touch Sensitive Input Device"的第10/902,964號美國專利申請案與2005年1月18日申請之標題為"Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces for Touch Sensitive Input Device"的第11/028,590號美國專利申請案中描述一些感測機件，該兩個申請案之全文皆以引用形式併入本文中。
在一些實施例中，電子設備100可包含與諸如例如一或多個音訊輸出之輸出設備相關聯的專用輸出電路。該音訊輸出可包含內建於電子設備100內的一或多個揚聲器(例如，單聲道或立體聲揚聲器)或遠程耦接至電子設備100的音訊組件(例如可用線或以無線方式耦接至通信設備的耳機、頭戴式耳機或入耳式耳機)。
在一些實施例中，I/O電路110可包含顯示電路(例如，螢幕或投影系統)，用於提供使用者可看見之顯示。舉例而言，該顯示電路可包含併入於電子設備100內的螢幕(例如，LCD螢幕)。作為另一實例，該顯示電路可包含可移動顯示器或投影系統，用於在遠離電子設備100的表面上提供內容顯示(例如，視訊投影儀)。在一些實施例 中，該顯示電路可包含編碼器/解碼器(編解碼器)，用以將數位媒體資料轉換成類比信號。舉例而言，該顯示電路(或電子設備100內之其它適當電路)可包含視訊編解碼器、音訊編解碼器或任何其它合適類型的編解碼器。
該顯示電路亦可包含顯示驅動器電路、用於驅動顯示驅動器之電路或此兩者。顯示電路可操作以在處理器102引導下顯示內容(例如，媒體播放資訊、用於在電子設備上實施之應用程式的應用程式畫面、關於正在進行之通信操作的資訊、關於傳入通信請求的資訊或設備操作畫面)。
鑑認系統112可包含任何可操作以接收或偵測識別設備100之使用者之輸入的合適的系統或感測器。舉例而言，鑑認系統112可包含皮膚型樣感測機件、用於基於使用者顏面部型樣、眼部特徵(例如，視網膜)或血管型樣來識別使用者的光學系統，或任何其它用於偵測使用者之任何其它唯一生物特徵或屬性的感測器。作為另一實例，鑑認系統112可操作以接收識別使用者的秘密或機密輸入(例如，對設備的手勢或觸摸顯示器上之特定物件型樣或顏色)。作為又一實例，鑑認系統112可操作以偵測使用者引起之設備的特定移動或震動。鑑認系統112可組合或嵌入電子設備112的任何其它元件(例如，顯示器或相機)，或使用由電子設備之各種感測器(例如，加速計或接近度感測器)偵測到的事件。在一些實施例中，可將若干類型之鑑認系統組合或實施於電子設備內。
在一些實施例中，電子設備100可包含可操作以提供用於將資料傳遞至以下組件、自以下組件傳遞資料或在以下組件之間傳遞資料的資料傳遞路徑的匯流排：處理器102、儲存裝置104、記憶體106、通信電路108、輸入/輸出電路110、鑑認系統112及電子設備內包含之任何其它組件。
為防止對儲存於記憶體或儲存裝置內之資料或資訊的未經授權之存取，電子設備可引導鑑認系統識別使用者並授權存取所請求之資源。電子設備可在提供對任何電子設備資源之存取前要求授權。在一些實施例中，電子設備可在提供對不同應用程式或與不同應用程式相關聯之不同資料或檔案之存取前要求不同位準的授權。舉例而言，電子設備可在提供對應用程式或資料(例如，除了首次或初始鑑認如用來解鎖設備的通行碼之外的二次鑑認，例如使用生物特徵)之存取之前要求使用者滿足若干鑑認系統。
圖2為根據本發明一項實施例之電子設備之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖。可回應於使用者解鎖電子設備而顯示顯示畫面200。顯示畫面200可包含用於存取各種設備功能的可選選項210。舉例而言，每一選項210可與電子設備上可用之不同應用程式相關聯。作為另一實例，每一選項可與可供使用者使用之特定資料或檔案相關聯。電子設備可要求或可不要求進行鑑認以存取顯示器200。舉例而言，顯示器200可包含可供使用者使用的基本或預設應用程式。作為另一實例，顯示器200可包含可供所有使用者使用的預設特徵。
在一些實施例中，一或多個應用程式可提供對一或多個使用者私有之資料或資源的存取或使用。舉例而言，分別與電話及郵件應用程式相關聯的選項212及214可能涉及並不與電子設備的每位使用者相關聯的個人帳戶或聯絡人。在提供對此類應用程式之存取或對經由此類應用程式可使用之個人或機密特徵或資源的存取之前，電子設備可要求使用者進行鑑認。在一些實施例中，應用程式之預設特徵可無需鑑認而可用(例如，允許所有使用者撥打電話呼叫，但不允許存取聯絡人清單)。
圖3為根據本發明一項實施例之引導使用者進行鑑認之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖。可回應於接收到來自使用者之存取受鑑認協定限制 之資源(例如，資訊或應用程式)的指令而顯示顯示畫面300。顯示畫面300可包含與選定資源相關聯之資訊310。為防止未經授權之使用者在鑑認前查看資源，可將資訊310模糊或隱藏而無法看見(例如，特定欄位內之項目可能無法獲得)。在一些實施例中，顯示畫面300可改為在鑑認使用者前不包含任何資訊。
顯示畫面300可包含指導使用者在存取所請求之資源前進行鑑認的通知320。通知320可包含彈出、覆蓋、新顯示畫面或任何其它合適類型之用於向使用者提供指令的顯示。通知320可包含任何合適之指令，包含例如使用者進行鑑認的方式(例如，指定所使用之特定鑑認系統)。舉例而言，通知320可引導使用者提供指紋或提供匹配於預定義之視覺或時間型樣的輸入。一旦使用者正確地進行鑑認，電子設備便可用使用者可辨別之方式顯示資訊310，且啟用與選定資源相關聯之可選選項或其它功能。
在一些實施例中，可能要求使用者在解鎖電子設備之前(例如，在存取設備的任何資源之前)進行鑑認。圖4為根據本發明一項實施例之引導使用者在存取設備資源之前進行鑑認之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖。顯示畫面400可包含用於解鎖顯示器的選項410。舉例而言，選項410可包含可操作以跨越一部分畫面而拖曳的滑動塊。作為另一實例，選項410可包含供使用者選擇(例如同時或循序地按壓若干鍵或觸摸顯示畫面400的若干區域)的一選項或一系列選項。
顯示畫面400可包含引導使用者在存取設備資源(例如，自其啟動資訊及應用程式的主畫面)之前進行鑑認的通知420。通知420可包含任何合適類型的通知，其中包含例如彈出、覆蓋、新顯示畫面或任何其它合適類型的用於向使用者提供指令之顯示。電子設備可在任何合適時間顯示通知420，其中包含例如當使用者打開設備(例如，且查看顯示畫面400)、回應於使用者試圖在未進行首次鑑認的情況下存取設 備資源(例如，作為錯誤訊息)、回應於使用者請求幫助、或在任何其它合適時間。通知420可包含任何合適指令，其中包含例如使用者鑑認方式、授權使用者之清單或任何其它合適資訊。
一旦使用者已正確鑑認，電子設備便可顯示與經鑑認使用者相關聯的選項(例如，用於特定使用者所購買之應用程式的選項)。在一些實施例中，電子設備可提供對原先不可用之資源或內容(例如，電話或郵件應用程式內之聯絡人清單或先前訊息)的存取。圖5A-C為根據本發明一項實施例回應鑑認使用者而提供之與不同使用者相關聯之說明性顯示畫面的示意圖。顯示畫面500A可包含若干選項510A。所顯示之選項可包含電子設備之預設或基本顯示共通的一些選項(例如，顯示畫面500A與圖2之顯示畫面200共用選項)。顯示畫面500A可包含用於僅供特定經鑑認使用者可用的額外應用程式或資源的若干選項512A。舉例而言，顯示畫面510A可包含用於遊戲、系統及媒體應用程式的額外選項512A。
顯示畫面500B可包含用於使用者可用之資源或應用程式的選項510B。在一些實施例中，選項510B可完全不同於預設畫面之選項(例如，顯示畫面500B並不與圖2之顯示畫面200共用任何選項)。顯示畫面500B可進一步經定製而不包含識別與選項510B相關聯之應用程式或資源的標籤。
顯示畫面500C可包含用於使用者可用之資源或應用程式的選項510C。在一些實施例中，用於與其它顯示畫面相同之資源的選項510C可具有不同外觀(例如，不同圖示)。舉例而言，在圖5C中，對於郵件、時鐘、照片、YouTube及計算器應用程式顯示之選項可不同於在圖5A之顯示畫面500A中顯示的選項。顯示畫面500C可另外包含定製或個人背景512C(例如，不同背景影像)。在一些實施例中，顯示畫面500C可能並不包含用於將一些選項510C維持於固定位置的圖示欄 (dock)或其它特徵(例如，不同於位於圖示欄512B內的選項510B)。
在一些實施例中，電子設備可基於經鑑認之使用者之身份而提供對不同數量之電子設備資源的存取。舉例而言，若電子設備由若干使用者(例如，同一家的父母與孩子)使用，則使用者可共用一些但非全部資源(例如，所有使用者均可存取家庭聯絡人清單，但不可存取其它家人的電子郵件)。作為另一實例，電子設備之使用者可組織成使用者群組或等級。一些資源可與使用者群組或等級相關聯，以此作為與特定使用者相關聯的替代或補充。當特定使用者被鑑認及識別為一群組的一部分時，電子設備可向使用者提供對與群組相關聯之資源(例如，共通或共用之聯絡人、共用之通信或共用之文件)及對與特定使用者(例如，個人聯絡人、電子郵件帳戶及電話呼叫清單)的存取。
電子設備可使特定資源與一或多個鑑認系統相關聯。舉例而言，使用者可識別資源並提供保護或安全指令(例如，藉由選擇適當選項)。在提供對資源之存取之前，使用者可另外選擇一或多個鑑認系統來滿足。若資源並非公用(例如，並非始終對所有使用者可用的預設應用程式或檔案)，或者若資源系由使用者創建或購買，則電子設備可使選定資源與該或該等選定鑑認系統相關聯。或者，若使用者具有足夠特權(例如，管理員)，則可使用一或多個選定鑑認系統來保護任何資源。
電子設備可能並非每次使用者解鎖或操作電子設備時均要求使用者進行鑑認。在一些實施例中，電子設備可允許使用者在特定數量之時間內進行鑑認。舉例而言，一旦經過鑑認，電子設備便可允許使用者自使用者受到鑑認時起10小時內存取受限資源。作為另一實例，電子設備可在接收到使用者之最後指令或已進入待機模式之後保持使用者之鑑認達特定數量的時間(例如，在輸入之後保持鑑認達三十分鐘)。電子設備保持鑑認資訊之時間的數量可由設備或由使用者設 定，且可基於受鑑認資訊保護之特定類型或資源(例如，對於存取特定使用者購買之遊戲所允許之鑑認時期較之使用者之個人聯絡人長)。若並非每次使用者操作設備時皆要求電子設備進行鑑認，則可節省電力消耗。
電子設備可使用任何合適類型之鑑認系統來防止對設備資源進行未經授權之存取。在一些實施例中，電子設備可包含基於使用者之唯一皮膚型樣的鑑認系統。舉例而言，電子設備可包含可操作以偵測使用者之手指、手、手掌、關節紋或任何其它使用者唯一之合適的紋路或皮膚特徵的鑑認系統。鑑認系統可包含可操作以偵測使用者之唯一皮膚型樣或特徵的感測器。
感測器可包含任何合適類型之用於偵測使用者皮膚之唯一特徵或型樣的感測器。舉例而言，感測器可包含可操作以偵測使用者皮膚之特徵的光學掃描儀。該光學感測器可包含電荷耦合器件，或任何其它可操作以記錄感測器(例如，電荷耦合器件)接收到之光的合適之感光組件(例如，二極體)陣列。舉例而言，若電荷耦合器件包含感光組件陣列，則光學感測器可操作以對於陣列之每一感光組件而記錄代表特定感光組件接收到之光的像素。於是每一像素之值反映使用者皮膚之與該像素相關聯之特定部分(例如，脊線或谷線)距感測器的距離。所記錄之像素可形成例如使用者皮膚之特定部分的影像，電子設備可將該影像與同經授權之使用者相關聯的影像庫進行比較。
作為另一實例，感測器可包含可操作以偵測使用者皮膚特徵的電容感測器。電容感測器可包含含有單元陣列之一或多個晶片，每一晶片可包含由絕緣層隔開的至少兩個傳導板。感測器可耦接至反相放大器，該放大器可操作以改變晶片中每一單元之該至少兩個傳導板之間的電壓。當使用者之手指放置於單元陣列上時，感測器可操作以自每一單元的不同電容值區分谷線(例如，指紋谷線)及脊線(例如，指紋 脊線)所放置之單元(即，谷線下之單元的電容將低於脊線下之單元的電容)。藉由使用晶片中每一單元的偵測到之電容值，感測器可產生放置於感測器上之皮膚的影像或圖形表示，該影像或圖形表示可與電子設備可用之影像或圖形表示庫進行比較。
鑑認系統可包含任何用於防止未經授權之使用者欺騙授權使用者之皮膚型樣的合適對策，該欺騙例如系藉由將影像(例如，印製之影像)或三維結構(例如，聚合物鑄件)放置於鑑認系統感測器附近。舉例而言，鑑認系統可包含光學與電容感測器、聲納或射頻感測器、用於偵測使用者脈搏的感測器、用於判定放在感測器上之物件溫度的熱量感測器(例如，用以確定溫度是否在既定人類皮膚溫度範圍內)或任何其它合適之對策的組合。
感測器可操作以使用任何合適方式來偵測使用者皮膚的特徵。在一些實施例中，感測器可操作以在使用者之皮膚於感測器上移動時偵測使用者皮膚的特徵。舉例而言，感測器可包含一維感測器或停滯感測器(stagnant sensor)(例如，一排感測組件)，其可操作以在使用者之手指在感測器上滑動或滾動時偵測使用者手指的特徵。感測器可包含使用者皮膚移動的方向，以提供使用者皮膚特徵的準確圖形表示。舉例而言，感測器可要求使用者沿著手指軸線或垂直於手指軸線移動指尖。
在一些實施例中，感測器可操作以在皮膚於感測器上保持不動時偵測使用者皮膚的特徵。舉例而言，感測器可包含二維感測器或移動感測器，其可操作以在手指於感測器上固定時偵測使用者手指的特徵。感測器可操作以用規律的節奏或速度於使用者不動的手指下方移動，或者在一時間點(例如，當使用者手指於感測器上移動時)偵測使用者之手指的瞬時或幾乎瞬時的二維圖形表示。藉由使用二維感測器，可提供使用者皮膚特徵之更準確的圖形表示，因為二維感測器並 不像一維感測器那樣依賴於使用者以規律或均勻之節奏在感測器上移動其皮膚。
可將感測器放置於電子設備內的任何合適位置。在一些實施例中，可將感測器放置成令其可操作以在使用者操作或開始操作電子設備時偵測使用者皮膚的適當部分。感測器位置可基於待偵測之使用者皮膚的部分(例如，手指、手或手掌)而變動。圖6為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者之指紋之說明性電子設備顯示器的示意圖。顯示器600可包含指導使用者解鎖電子設備的畫面602。舉例而言，畫面602可包含方塊610，其具有指導使用者例如藉由將手指放置在方塊610上並沿著軌跡612拖曳手指而沿著軌跡612滑動方塊610以解鎖電子設備的箭頭。
為了在解鎖處理程序期間鑑認使用者，顯示器600可在沿著軌跡612之顯示器內包含感測器620。舉例而言，感測器620可嵌入顯示堆疊內(例如，在可包含電容感測組件、光源及顯示器表面的顯示堆疊內)。作為另一實例，感測器620可放置於顯示堆疊下方。作為又一實例，感測器620可包含顯示堆疊的現存組件(例如，用於觸控螢幕顯示器之顯示堆疊可包含電容感測器)。在此方法內，鑑認系統可使用(例如，觸控螢幕顯示器內)顯示堆疊之具有用於區分使用者皮膚之脊線與谷線之足夠解析度之電容感測組件之偵測到的輸出。在一些實施例中，顯示堆疊之電容感測組件可包含若干類型或密度的電容感測組件，以允許使用顯示器之特定部分進行鑑認(例如，使用顯示堆疊內沿著軌跡612之至少一部分之非常精細的感測組件進行鑑認以及顯示器600之其餘區域內的較不精細的感測組件)。
在一些實施例中，感測器620可嵌入電子設備內，令其在顯示器600內不可看見。舉例而言，感測器620可直接組裝、印製或蝕刻於顯示器600上(例如，蝕刻於玻璃上)，令使用者無法看到指紋掃描儀。 若使用者難以向感測器620提供合適指紋，則顯示器600可加亮感測器620之輪廓(例如，顯示引導使用者將手指放置於感測器620上之圖示上的圖示)，以幫助使用者進行鑑認。
圖7為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者之指紋之另一說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備700可包含輸入機構710及712，使用者可致動該等輸入機構以提供對電子設備700的輸入。舉例而言，輸入機構710可包含鍵盤，且輸入機構712可包含觸控板或軌跡板。然而應瞭解，包含遠程耦接至電子設備700之輸入機構(例如，有線或無線滑鼠)的任何其它輸入機構均可與電子設備700一起使用。
為提供對資源之安全存取，電子設備700可包含至少一個可操作以偵測使用者指紋之特徵以識別使用者的感測器720。為提供便利無阻滯的使用者體驗，感測器720可嵌入輸入機構710與712中至少一者的內部或下方。在一些實施例中，可包含使用者可按壓以提供對電子設備700之輸入之若干不同鍵的輸入機構710可包含嵌入一或多個鍵內的感測器720。舉例而言，可將光學或電容感測器放置於鍵之頂面處，使得當使用者將手指放置於鍵上(例如，將其食指放置於"F"鍵或"J"鍵)時，感測器可偵測使用者指尖的特徵以鑑認使用者。可使用二維或移動感測器來進行此實施，以在使用者之手指放置於鍵上時鑑認使用者。
可將感測器720放置於電子設備內使用者可按壓之任何按鈕或其它實體輸入的內部、附近或後面。舉例而言，感測器720可放置於攜帶型媒體播放器或蜂巢式電話之本籍位置按鈕(例如，圖8B之按鈕812)後面。感測器720可放置於外部罩蓋或表面(例如，玻璃或塑膠表面)與可操作以與開關或電子電路交互之機械組件之間。舉例而言，指紋感測機件可嵌入可操作之透明表面下方，感測機件可經由該透明表面而偵測使用者指紋的脊線與谷線。在一些實施例中，可能不必要 有任何額外透明表面(例如，若感測機件包含使用者可放置手指的表面)。
在一些實施例中，輸入機構712可包含感測器720，其嵌入一部分或全部墊的下方，使得當使用者將手指放置於輸入機構712上(例如，以在顯示器715上移動指示符)時，感測器720可偵測使用者手指之特徵以鑑認使用者。所使用之感測器720可為在使用者跨越墊移動其手指時鑑認使用者的一維感測器，或可操作以在使用者手指在墊上不動時(例如，當使用者首先將其手指放置於墊上時)鑑認使用者之二維感測器。感測器720可覆蓋輸入機構712之整個表面，使得使用者無需將其手指放置於輸入機構712之特定部分上以待鑑認。電子設備700可操作以識別每一感測器720的位置，以幫助使用者提供足夠可偵測到的輸入，例如使用高亮、在顯示器上之指示或任何其它合適之方法。在一些實施例中，任何其它合適之輸入機構可包含可操作以便利無阻滯地偵測使用者之指紋特徵(例如，按鈕、輪、鍵或螢幕)的感測器720。
圖8A及圖8B為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者手紋之說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備800可包含外殼802，其可操作以保持顯示器810。外殼802可大致構成電子設備800的後表面(例如，不包含顯示器810的表面)，以保護電子設備的組件。當使用者握持電子設備800時，使用者的手830可圍住外殼802，留下顯示器810可看見，使得至少使用者手掌832放置於後表面804上，如圖8B所示。電子設備800可包含嵌入後表面804內且可操作以偵測使用者手掌或手之特徵的感測器820。藉由將感測器820放置於後表面802(或位於電子設備之與顯示器810表面相對的任何表面)上，感測器820可在使用者握持電子設備800時鑑認使用者。感測器820可包含二維感測器，因而允許電子設備800便利無阻滯地鑑認使用者，而無需要求使用者在後表面804上 移動或滑動手。
圖9為根據本發明一項實施例用於偵測使用者手紋之說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備900可包含輸入機構910，使用者可用其提供對設備之輸入。輸入機構910可定位成使得使用者之手指放置於輸入機構910上，同時使用者之手掌及手腕放置於外殼912上或延伸出外殼912。電子設備900可包含嵌入外殼912內或放置於外殼912上以鑑認設備使用者的一或多個感測器920。感測器920可定位成使得在使用者將其手放置於外殼912上以操作輸入機構910時，使用者之手、手掌或手腕與感測器920對準。感測器920可操作以例如使用二維感測器在使用者之手放置於外殼912上時偵測使用者皮膚的特徵。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可替代地或另外包含用於偵測使用者皮膚下之特徵的感測機件。舉例而言，鑑認系統可包含可操作以偵測使用者之血管、動脈、卵泡分布型樣或使用者皮膚下方之任何其它可偵測到的合適特徵。感測器可包含任何合適類型的感測器，包含例如位於電子設備表面上的光學感測器(例如，相機)。感測器可經定位以在使用電子設備時感測使用者皮膚之任何合適部分下方的特徵。舉例而言，感測器可經定位以偵測使用者之手指、手、手腕、手臂、顏面部區域或任何其它合適區域中使用者皮膚下方的特徵。
圖10為根據本發明一項實施例具有可操作以偵測使用者皮膚下之特徵之感測器之說明性設備的示意圖。電子設備1000可包含位於外殼1012一部分上或穿過外殼1012一部分而延伸的輸入機構1010。輸入機構1010可經組態，使得當使用時，使用者之手及手腕放置於外殼1012上(例如，而非在輸入機構1010上)。電子設備1000可包含可操作以偵測使用者皮膚下方之特徵的感測器1020。舉例而言，感測器1020可包含可操作以偵測使用者手腕附近之使用者血管型樣的光學感測器。感測器1020可位於電子設備1000的任何合適表面上，其中包含例 如在外殼1012上或嵌入外殼1012內，使得在使用者之手經定位以使用輸入機構1010提供輸入時，使用者之手腕可鄰近於感測器1020。此定位可藉由在使用者操作設備1000時偵測使用者皮膚下方之特徵(例如，使用者手腕旁邊的血管型樣)而允許便利無阻滯地鑑認使用者。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可替代地或另外包含可操作以偵測使用者顏面部之特徵的感測器。舉例而言，鑑認系統可包含感測器，其可操作以在使用者顏面部放置於感測器對面時偵測由使用者顏面部之一或多個相異特徵所發射或反射的輻射。感測器可操作以偵測任何合適類型的輻射。舉例而言，感測器可包含光感測器(例如，相機)、紅外線感測器、紫外線感測器、掃描雷射器、超聲波感測器(例如，聲納)或任何其它可操作以偵測所需輻射(例如，特定範圍之輻射頻率或週期)的感測器。
鑑認系統可操作以偵測使用者顏面部的任何合適要素。舉例而言，鑑認系統可藉由相對於使用者之頭部、鼻子、嘴部、耳部、顴骨、下顎之位置及尺寸或使用者顏面部之任何其它屬性進行分析來識別顏面部。作為另一實例，鑑認系統可使用三維鑑認系統來俘獲及分析使用者顏面部特徵(例如，眼窩、下巴或鼻子的輪廓)之彎曲表面或深度而識別使用者顏面部的特徵。作為又一實例，鑑認系統可(例如，使用皮膚紋理分析)偵測使用者皮膚之唯一線條、型樣或點。為增強或便於鑑認，可使用此等方法之組合。
用於偵測使用者顏面部特徵之感測器可位於電子設備上之任何合適位置。在一些實施例中，感測器可包含相機或其它與電子設備一起提供以用於不同用途的感測器(例如，用於聊天之嵌入式網路攝像頭)。圖11為根據本發明一項實施例具有用於偵測使用者顏面部特徵之感測器之說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備1100可包含感測器1120，其鄰近於顯示器1110而定位，以便當使用者面向顯示器1110以 查看或存取電子設備資源時，使用者之顏面部以及使用者之顏面部之所關注特徵可與感測器1120對準(例如，在感測器1120之視場內)。回應於偵測到使用者之顏面部在感測器1120對面，電子設備1100可引導感測器1120俘獲及分析使用者顏面部的特徵，並將所分析之特徵與同經授權之使用者相關聯之特徵庫進行比較。若偵測到經授權之使用者，則電子設備1100可在顯示器1110上顯示或提供對受限內容1112的存取。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可替代地或另外包含可操作以基於使用者眼部之屬性而鑑認使用者的感測器。舉例而言，感測器可操作以掃描使用者之視網膜、虹膜或視網膜血管以偵測使用者的唯一型樣。感測器可包含可操作以發射光(例如紅外光)以由使用者眼部反射並由透鏡或光學感測器偵測的光源。感測器可分析接收到之光以形成使用者眼部的圖形表示，可將該圖形表示與經授權使用者眼部的庫進行比較。
作為另一實例，感測器可替代地或另外可操作以偵測使用者眼部的移動，例如藉由跟蹤使用者視網膜、虹膜、血管或使用者眼部之任何其它特徵的位置及移動。在向使用者提供對電子設備資源之存取之前，電子設備可引導感測器偵測由經授權使用者設置的預定眼部移動。舉例而言，每一經授權使用者可藉由在觀看感測器時以特定方式移動其眼睛(例如，向上、向下、向左、向右、眨眼)而形成眼部移動軌跡。當設備使用者以匹配於預定眼部移動之方式移動其眼睛時，電子設備可解鎖設備或提供對受限資源之存取。
可將感測器定位於設備之任何合適位置，其中包含例如鄰近於顯示器或設備之其它將面向使用者眼部的部分(例如，類似於圖11之感測器1120之位置的位置處，感測器1120可用來根據使用者眼部特徵鑑認使用者)處。圖12為根據本發明一項實施例具有用於偵測使用者 眼部特徵之感測器之說明性電子設備的示意圖。電子設備1200可包含感測器1220，其定位成鄰近於顯示器1210，使得當使用者面向顯示器1210以觀看或存取電子設備資源時，使用者之眼部可與感測器1220對準(例如，在感測器1220之視場內)。藉由使用感測器1220，電子設備1200可偵測到使用者眼部之特徵或移動，以便鑑認使用者並提供對受限設備資源的存取。在一些實施例中，感測器1220可經實施以基於使用者之面部的特徵而鑑認使用者(例如，如同圖11之感測器1120)。
在一些實施例中，鑑認可操作以基於使用者之聲音的屬性或特質而鑑認使用者。舉例而言，鑑認系統可操作以偵測特定聲音音調或聲音簽名。鑑認系統可與文本有關(例如，使用者必須說出特定短語以進行鑑認，諸如"我的聲音是我的通行證")或與文本無關(例如，可說出任何合適詞語以鑑認使用者)。在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可要求使用者說出秘密密碼以進行鑑認，因而要求既知道使用者之密碼又知道使用者之聲音音調方可正確地進行鑑認。鑑認系統可包含任何用於鑑認使用者的合適組件，其中包含例如麥克風。在一些實施例中，麥克風可主要用於其它用途(例如，電話通信或視訊會議)。
在一些實施例中，可使用其它類型之鑑認系統。在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可操作以根據使用者之耳道的形狀而識別並鑑認使用者。舉例而言，鑑認系統可包含感測器(例如，光學、雷達或聲納)，其可操作以偵測使用者之耳道的唯一特徵(例如，形狀及長度)。感測器可例如位於設備之揚聲器附近(例如，若設備為電話)。在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可操作以基於使用者特有之氣味而識別使用者。舉例而言，鑑認系統可包含感測器，其可操作以偵測使用者之皮膚或汗腺之氣味的唯一屬性。感測器可位於設備上之任何合適位置處，其中包含例如在輸入機構之處或附近(例如，在使用者觸摸設備之位置)。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可操作以基於DNA序列來識別使用 者。舉例而言，鑑認可包含耦合至處理器之感測器，該感測器可操作以接收具有使用者之DNA的細胞(例如，來自使用者之皮膚或嘴部)，並判定是否存在特定DNA序列。可選擇DNA序列內之長度或變化以既確保提供正確鑑認，又確保鑑認處理程序足夠快速(例如，無需分析整個DNA串)。感測器可位於設備上之任何合適位置處，其中包含例如在輸入機構或使用者可觸摸之其它組件上或其鄰近處。
電子設備可使用任何合適方法來接收反映經授權使用者的生物特徵資訊。舉例而言，當使用者選擇與特定設備資源一起使用的鑑認系統時，電子設備可引導使用者提供待存儲於庫內的生物特徵資訊(例如，指紋、眼部掃描或DNA序列)。電子設備可引導使用者使用任何合適方法來提供生物特徵輸入，其中包含例如使用視覺暗示、音訊暗示及高亮或識別鑑認系統感測器的位置。當使用者試圖鑑認時可擷取儲存於庫內之接收到的生物特徵資訊，並將其與使用者提供之生物特徵資訊作比較。若所提供之生物特徵鑑認資訊匹配於儲存於庫內的資訊(例如，與所請求之資源相關聯的資訊)，則電子設備可提供對受限資源的存取。在一些實施例中，可使用類似方法來接收非生物特徵鑑認資訊。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可替代地或另外不要求生物特徵參數以向使用者提供對電子設備資源的存取。雖然在一些情況下非生物特徵鑑認系統可能較之生物特徵鑑認系統更容易欺騙，但非生物特徵鑑認系統無論如何均可非常有效且安全。在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可回應於偵測到一密鑰或令牌在電子設備之特定距離內而提供對電子設備資源的存取。舉例而言，使用者可具有蜂巢式電話及電腦。一個或兩個所述設備可包含用於偵測設備在彼此之特定範圍內(例如，5英尺，使得使用者可坐在桌子前，在蜂巢式電話處於其口袋內時使用電腦並進行鑑認)的電路。當設備判定其接近時，一個或兩個設備之資 源可變得可用。此方法對於在利用使用者可能隨身帶著攜帶型設備的事實的同時保障對靜態設備之存取而言可尤其有用。在共同擁有之2007年6月27日申請之第11/823,656號美國專利申請案(代理人案號為104677-0059-101、P4884US1)中更詳細描述了此實施例及其它實施例。
在一些實施例中，電子設備可基於使用者提供之特定輸入序列而鑑認使用者。舉例而言，電子設備可要求使用者提供對應於電子設備所提供之視覺型樣的輸入。圖13及14為根據本發明一項實施例用於提供視覺型樣之說明性顯示器的示意圖。顯示器1300可包含選項或形狀1312之分布1310。顯示器1400可包含選項或形狀1412之分布1410。每一形狀1312及1412可具有不同填充型樣(例如，不同線條方向)、顏色、形狀或輪廓、尺寸(例如，圓周或面積)、相對於其它顯示之形狀的接近度或位置、與其它形狀之對準(例如，選擇形成直線之四個黃色形狀)、來源(例如，表示特定專輯或庫內之圖片的形狀)或任何其它合適特性。分布1310及1410可包含任何合適之數目及分布的形狀，其中包含例如若干均勻分布之形狀(例如，20個均勻分布之形狀1310)或表觀上任意分布之形狀(例如，任意分布之形狀1410)。
為進行鑑認，使用者可選擇(例如，如由輸入機構或其它感測器偵測)所顯示之形狀或選項的任何合適子集。該子集可包含共用一或多個屬性之一些或全部形狀。舉例而言，使用者可選擇具有特定顏色之一些或全部形狀(例如，所有包含黃色陰影之形狀)。作為另一實例，使用者可選擇具有相同輪廓之一些或所有形狀(例如，所有正方形)。作為又一實例，使用者可選擇具有特定共通屬性之一些或全部形狀(例如，所有5邊形或所有表示與設備所儲存之特定專輯相關聯之圖片的形狀)。作為再一實例，使用者可選擇包含特定顏色分布之一些或全部形狀(例如，包含鄰近於藍色部分之紅色部分的形狀)。可使 用任何合適之準則或屬性(包含以上列出之實例的組合，諸如選擇頂部兩個藍色形狀及底部兩個正方形形狀)來選擇所顯示之形狀的特定子集。
任何合適數目之形狀或選項均可與選擇用於鑑認之子集相關聯。舉例而言，形狀之數目可與所顯示之形狀的總數有關(例如，選擇所顯示之形狀的20%)。作為另一實例，形狀之數目可為固定數目，例如少於五個(例如，使得使用者可使用一隻手同時選擇所有形狀)或十個(例如，使得使用者可使用雙手同時選擇所有形狀)。形狀數目可經選擇以最佳化安全性(例如，要求有難以簡單地猜出選擇哪些形狀的足夠形狀)。
使用者可使用任何合適方法來選擇形狀之子集。若提供多觸摸顯示器，則鑑認系統可要求使用者同時選擇所有用於鑑認之形狀。作為另一實例，鑑認系統可允許使用者循序選擇用於鑑認之形狀。可用任意或特定之順序(諸如，自頂部至底部或自左至右)來選擇形狀。作為又一實例，鑑認系統可要求使用者提供單個移動的輸入(例如，跨越顯示器拖曳手指)，從而僅選擇經授權之子集的形狀。可使用任何其它用於選擇形狀子集的合適方法。
為避免使用者始終選擇在顯示器上之相同相對位置顯示的形狀(例如，如使用所顯示之小鍵盤而鍵入數字通行碼)，電子設備可改變選擇用於鑑認之形狀的分布。為進行鑑認，使用者隨後可識別共用與鑑認協定相關聯之屬性的形狀。因為用於鑑認之形狀的位置可在每次使用者存取設備資源時改變，所以自使用者肩後看到選定形狀之總體分布的人可能無法選擇具有用以鑑認之相同分布的形狀(例如，條形形狀可能並非分布於設備之相同區域內)。
在每次嘗試選擇鑑認形狀失敗之後，電子設備可改變所顯示之形狀的分布，乃至改變形狀(例如，使用不同顏色或輪廓)，以防未經 授權之使用者猜出形狀之正確子集。電子設備可在嘗試選擇形狀之正確子集失敗特定次數之後鎖定設備資源。一旦被鎖定，使用者便可能需要使設備與主機耦合，以便重新啟用設備(例如，使行動設備耦合至固定設備)或使用另一鑑認系統(例如，生物特徵系統)來重新啟用設備。
在一些實施例中，並非選擇特定形狀，而是使用者可簡單地選擇位於畫面之預定部分內的形狀。舉例而言，使用者可將一或多個手指置放於若干形狀位置上，而不論實際顯示之形狀如何。作為另一實例，使用者可將一或多個手指置放於電子設備所顯示的特定形狀上，並以預定方式移動該或該等手指(例如，滑動一或多個手指)，而不論所顯示之形狀如何。作為又一實例，使用者可連續選擇位於顯示器上之預定位置的若干形狀(例如，選擇處於特定位置之形狀以形成預定型樣)。在一些實施例中，電子設備可提供空白或統一顯示，在該顯示上，使用者可使用一或多個手指來繪製一或多個型樣。此方法可藉由經由所顯示之形狀產生視覺上分心而令未經授權之使用者困惑或分心。
在一些實施例中，電子設備可替代地或另外基於接收到之使用者的輸入時間型樣而鑑認使用者。舉例而言，使用者可以特定速率提供特定數目之輸入以鑑認。電子設備可使用任何合適方法來偵測輸入。舉例而言，電子設備可偵測使用設備之輸入機構提供的輸入(例如，觸控螢幕接收到的輸入)。作為另一實例，電子設備可根據由設備之適當感測器(例如，加速計)偵測到之運動、接觸、振動或其它衝擊而偵測輸入。在此方法中，使用者可敲擊設備之任何部分(或與設備接觸的主體，諸如置放設備的桌子)，使得設備內之感測器偵測到敲擊，並判定其是否對應於經授權之時間型樣。作為另一實例，電子設備可使用設備內之感測器(例如，加速計或回轉儀)偵測到其已以特 定方式移動(例如，先搖動兩次再旋轉)。回應於偵測到正確之時間型樣，電子設備可提供對受限資源的存取。
在一些實施例中，鑑認系統可組合時間型樣與視覺型樣以進行鑑認。舉例而言，可要求使用者以特定速率選擇特定所顯示之形狀(例如，快速選擇前兩個形狀，隨後暫停，然後同時選擇最後兩個)。作為另一實例，可要求使用者首先選擇正確形狀，隨後提供用於時間型樣之輸入。作為再一實例，可要求使用者選擇一或多個形狀，並移動設備(例如，搖動設備)。可要求任何其它合適之輸入組合以進行鑑認。
電子設備可使用任何合適方法來設置用於經授權之使用者的視覺或時間型樣。在一些實施例中，當使用者選擇使用時間或視覺型樣來限制對特定設備資源的存取時，電子設備可引導使用者提供或選擇時間或視覺型樣。舉例而言，電子設備可提供使用者可選擇以形成型樣(例如，顏色或輪廓)的形狀屬性清單。作為另一實例，電子設備可引導使用者選擇所顯示之形狀或提供時間型樣，並自接收到之輸入而提取或識別型樣。電子設備可引導使用者提供型樣若干次，然後接受該型樣，以確保使用者意圖並記住所選擇之型樣。
電子設備可包含任何合適數目及類型之鑑認系統。舉例而言，電子設備可包含上述之鑑認系統或鑑認方法中的一者、更多者或全部。可使用一或多個鑑認系統來限制對不同資源之存取，使用者可選擇或設置該或該等鑑認系統。在一些實施例中，可在提供對特定受限資源之存取之前循序使用若干鑑認系統。
圖15為根據本發明一項實施例用於鑑認使用者之說明性處理程序的流程圖。處理程序1500可在步驟1502處開始。在步驟1504處，電子設備可識別設備之使用者。舉例而言，電子設備可接收與使用者相關聯之使用者名稱或密碼。作為另一實例，電子設備可使用鑑認系統 來接收鑑認資訊，並自接收鑑認系統識別使用者。電子設備可自動接收鑑認資訊而無需要求來自使用者之表達輸入，例如藉由以在使用者操作設備時便利無阻滯地俘獲鑑認資訊之方式置放鑑認系統之感測器。作為另一實例，感測器可操作以一旦使用者處於感測器之視場或感測區域內便偵測使用者之屬性特徵。在一些實施例中，處理程序1500可自步驟1502直接移動至步驟1506。
在步驟1506處，電子設備可判定是否接收到存取受限資源的請求。舉例而言，電子設備可判定使用者是否提供存取與特定使用者相關聯之資料的指令(例如，聯絡人清單或其它個人資訊)。作為另一實例，電子設備可判定使用者是否提供存取受限應用程式(例如，限制於諸如管理員之特定使用者等級的應用程式或由特定使用者購買的應用程式)的指令。若電子設備判定未接收到存取受限資源的指令，則處理程序1500可返回至步驟1506，並繼續監測自使用者接收到之輸入。
若在步驟1506處，電子設備改為判定是否接收到存取受限資源之指令，則處理程序1500可移動至步驟1508。在步驟1508處，電子設備可判定識別出之使用者是否經授權以存取資源。舉例而言，電子設備可判定使用者是否已提供用於存取受限資源的合適鑑認資訊。電子設備可在使用者不知道的情況下接收合適之鑑認資訊，例如藉由在設備內嵌入鑑認感測器，以便在正常使用期間接收鑑認資訊。若電子設備判定所識別之使用者未經授權，則處理程序1500可移動至步驟1510。在步驟1510處，電子設備可指示使用者進行鑑認。舉例而言，電子設備可引導使用者向鑑認系統(例如，上述任一鑑認系統)提供鑑認資訊。在一些實施例中，電子設備可偵測使用者之若干輸入，並判定輸入是否具有一型樣或共用與經授權使用者相關聯的屬性(例如，判定使用者是否已提供對應於經授權使用者之屬性或型樣的正確輸 入，或判定輸入之屬性或型樣是否匹配於與經授權使用者相關聯的屬性或型樣)。處理程序1500隨後可返回至步驟1508，以判定使用者是否已提供合適鑑認資訊。
若在步驟1508處，電子設備改為判定使用者已經授權，則處理程序1500可移動至步驟1512。在步驟1512處，電子設備可向使用者提供對所請求之受限資源的存取。舉例而言，電子設備可向使用者提供對個人資料或對使用者專用之應用程式的存取。處理程序1500隨後可在步驟1514處結束。
呈現本發明之上述實施例以用於說明而非限制用途，且本發明僅受以下申請專利範圍的限制。
100‧‧‧電子設備
102‧‧‧處理器
104‧‧‧儲存裝置
106‧‧‧記憶體
108‧‧‧通信電路
110‧‧‧輸入/輸出電路
112‧‧‧鑑認系統

Claims (17)

  1. 一種電子設備，其包括：一顯示器；一指紋感測器；一或多個處理器；記憶體；及一或多個程式，其中該一或多個程式係儲存於該記憶體中且經組態以由該一或多個處理器執行，該一或多個程式包含以下指令：在該設備之一個別功能於一鎖定狀態中時：顯示一圖形元件於該顯示器上，該圖形元件指出手指移動之一第一方向，該手指移動致能該個別功能之解鎖；當顯示該圖形元件時，偵測一輸入，該輸入包括一手指於該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器之行動；至少部分基於該指紋感測器於該輸入之期間所偵測之該手指之指紋資訊而判定該輸入是否符合解鎖標準；以及回應於偵測該輸入：根據該輸入符合該解鎖標準之一判定，來解鎖該個別功能；以及根據該輸入不符合該解鎖標準之一判定，維持該個別功能於該鎖定狀態中。
  2. 如請求項1之設備，其中該指紋感測器在該手指在該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  3. 如請求項1之設備，其中該指紋感測器在該手指以一預定速 度範圍跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  4. 如請求項1之設備，其中該指紋感測器係一一維感測器，該一維感測器被操作以在該手指沿一第一軸跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  5. 如請求項1之設備，其中該指紋感測器係嵌入於該電子設備中，使得該指紋感測器無法被該電子設備之一使用者所看見。
  6. 如請求項1之設備，其中判定該輸入是否符合解鎖標準包括比較由該指紋感測器偵測之該手指之該指紋資訊及預登記於該電子設備中之指紋資訊之一庫(library)。
  7. 如請求項1之設備，其中該指紋資訊係該手指之一部分中之一使用者之皮膚型樣，該手指係跨越該指紋感測器而移動。
  8. 如請求項1之設備，其中該輸入包括於該圖形元件上與該顯示器之一初始手指接觸，以及該手指接觸在該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器且不中斷與該設備接觸之連續行動。
  9. 如請求項1之設備，其中該圖形元件包含一文本。
  10. 一種非暫態電腦可讀取媒體，其儲存一或多個程式，該一或多個程式包括用於具有一顯示器及一指紋感測器之一電子設備之指令，當由該電子設備執行該等指令時，使該設備：在該設備之一個別功能於一鎖定狀態中時：顯示一圖形元件於該顯示器上，該圖形元件指出手指移動之一第一方向，該手指移動致能該個別功能之解鎖；當顯示該圖形元件時，偵測一輸入，該輸入包括一手指於該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器之行動；至少部分基於該指紋感測器於該輸入之期間所偵測之該 手指之指紋資訊而判定該輸入是否符合解鎖標準；以及回應於偵測該輸入：根據該輸入符合該解鎖標準之一判定，來解鎖該個別功能；以及根據該輸入不符合該解鎖標準之一判定，維持該個別功能於該鎖定狀態中。
  11. 一種方法，其包含：於具有一顯示器及一指紋感測器之一電子設備處，在該設備之一個別功能於一鎖定狀態中時：顯示一圖形元件於該顯示器上，該圖形元件指出手指移動之一第一方向，該手指移動致能該個別功能之解鎖；當顯示該圖形元件時，偵測一輸入，該輸入包括一手指於該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器之行動；至少部分基於該指紋感測器於該輸入之期間所偵測之該手指之指紋資訊而判定該輸入是否符合解鎖標準；以及回應於偵測該輸入：根據該輸入符合該解鎖標準之一判定，來解鎖該個別功能；以及根據該輸入不符合該解鎖標準之一判定，維持該個別功能於該鎖定狀態中。
  12. 如請求項11之方法，其中該指紋感測器在該手指在該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  13. 如請求項11之方法，其中該指紋感測器在該手指以一預定速度範圍跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  14. 如請求項11之方法，其中該指紋感測器係一一維感測器，該 一維感測器被操作以在該手指沿一第一軸跨越該指紋感測器而移動時偵測該指紋資訊。
  15. 如請求項11之方法，其中該指紋感測器係嵌入於該電子設備中，使得該指紋感測器無法被該電子設備之一使用者所看見。
  16. 如請求項11之方法，其中判定該輸入是否符合解鎖標準包括比較由該指紋感測器偵測之該手指之該指紋資訊及預登記於該電子設備中之指紋資訊之一庫。
  17. 如請求項11之方法，其中該輸入包括於該圖形元件上與該顯示器之一初始手指接觸，以及該手指接觸在該第一方向中跨越該指紋感測器且不中斷與該設備接觸之連續行動。
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