CN113183701B - 多用途车辆 - Google Patents
多用途车辆 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113183701B CN113183701B CN202110495317.7A CN202110495317A CN113183701B CN 113183701 B CN113183701 B CN 113183701B CN 202110495317 A CN202110495317 A CN 202110495317A CN 113183701 B CN113183701 B CN 113183701B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- assembly
- frame
- door
- operator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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Classifications
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- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
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- B60G15/062—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
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- B60G2202/312—The spring being a wound spring
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- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/02—Hinges with pins with one pin
- E05D2003/025—Hinges with pins with one pin having three knuckles
- E05D2003/027—Hinges with pins with one pin having three knuckles the end knuckles being mutually connected
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
- E05D5/02—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps
- E05D5/0207—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps for attachment to vehicles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/531—Doors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
一种多用途车辆(2),其包括多个地面接合构件(4)、框架(10)、动力传动系组件、前悬架组件和后悬架组件。货物基部可以由框架支承在车辆的后部。车辆还包括定位在操作者区域内的操作者座椅(38)和至少一个乘客座椅。在一个实施方式中,车辆包括门(200)以围封操作者区域。
Description
本申请是申请日为2016年5月12日、中国国家申请号为201680028024.5(国际申请号为PCT/US2016/031992)且发明名称为“多用途车辆”的申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及多用途车辆,并且更具体地涉及全地形多用途车辆。
背景技术
通常,全地形车辆(“ATV”)和多用途车辆(“UV”)用于运载一个或更多个乘客以及少量货物越过各种地形。在ATV、专用ATV和UV——比如用于越野、竞赛和/或货运的车辆——的市场中对娱乐兴趣日益增长。然而,一些UV和/或ATV构造成用于多用途需求和货运需求,并且因此可以不构造成快速或者不构造成用于竞赛。替代性地,一些UV和/或ATV构造成用于体育运动和竞赛,并且因此构造成更快的速度但仅可以构造成用于有限的货运。
发明内容
根据本公开的说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由所述多个地面接合构件支承;以及操作者座椅,操作者座椅由框架支承并且具有座椅底部。多用途车辆还包括发动机和无级变速器(“CVT”),其中,发动机由框架支承并且定位在操作者座椅的最前边缘的后方,无级变速器(“CVT”)由框架支承并且定位在操作者座椅的最前边缘的后方。CVT将发动机以可操作的方式联接至所述多个地面接合构件中的至少一个地面接合构件。此外,多用途车辆包括第一进气系统,第一进气系统具有面向第一方向的第一空气入口。第一进气系统向发动机提供空气,并且第一空气入口定位在操作者座椅的前方。多用途车辆还包括第二进气系统,第二进气系统具有面向第二方向的第二空气入口。第二进气系统向CVT的内部提供空气,并且第二空气入口定位在操作者座椅的前方。第二方向离开第一方向一定角度。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由地面接构件支承;以及操作者区域,操作者区域至少包括由框架支承的操作者座椅。操作者座椅包括座椅底部。多用途车辆还包括无级变速器(“CVT”)和进气组件,其中,无级变速器(“CVT”)由框架支承,进气组件流体地联接至发动机和CVT。进气组件包括一体式本体,一体式本体具有:第一入口;第一出口;在第一入口与第一出口之间延伸的第一流动路径;第二入口;第二出口;在第二入口与第二出口之间延伸的第二流动路径;以及定位在第一流动路径与第二流动路径之间的分隔构件。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架组件,框架组件由地面接合构件支承并且包括下框架部分和上框架部分,上框架部分联接至下框架部分以限定操作者区域;以及操作者座椅,操作者座椅定位在操作者区域内并且由框架组件支承。操作者座椅包括座椅底部、座椅靠背以及定位在座椅靠背上方的头枕。多用途车辆还包括第一开口,第一开口沿着车辆的第一侧部限定以进入及离开操作者区域,并且第一开口具有从第一开口的前端部延伸至后端部的第一纵向长度。此外,多用途车辆包括第一门,第一门定位在第一开口内并且具有与第一开口的纵向长度大致相等的纵向长度。第一门具有上部部分,该上部部分沿着上框架部分的一部分延伸并且邻近于座椅靠背的一部分。
根据本公开的又一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括多个地面接合构件以及框架组件,框架组件由地面接合构件支承在地面上方。框架组件包括下框架部分和上框架部分,上框架部分联接至下框架部分以限定操作者区域。下框架部分包括框架构件。多用途车辆还包括操作者座椅,操作者座椅定位在操作者区域内并且操作者座椅由框架组件支承在邻近于框架构件的位置处。操作者座椅包括座椅底部和座椅靠背。此外,多用途车辆包括第一门,第一门具有前向部分、中间部分和后向部分,其中,前向部分邻近于操作者区域的位于座椅底部的前方的部分并且前向部分相对于框架构件具有第一高度,中间部分邻近于座椅底部并且中间部分相对于框架构件具有第二高度,后向部分邻近于座椅靠背并且后向部分相对于框架构件具有第三高度,并且相对于框架构件而言,第二高度小于第一高度和第三高度。
根据本公开的又一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括多个地面接合构件以及框架组件,框架组件由地面接合构件支承在地面上方。框架组件包括下框架部分和上框架部分,上框架部分联接至下框架部分以限定操作者区域。下框架部分包括竖立的框架构件。此外,多用途车辆包括操作者座椅,操作者座椅定位在操作者区域内并且操作者座椅由框架组件支承在邻近于框架构件的位置处。操作者座椅包括座椅底部和座椅靠背。多用途车辆还包括第一门和铰链组件,其中,第一门从竖立的框架构件向后延伸并且具有背对操作者区域的外表面和面向操作者区域的内表面,铰链组件以可操作的方式联接至竖立构件和第一门。铰链组件定位成邻近于门的内表面并且面向操作者区域。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由地面接合构件支承在地面上方;操作者区域,操作者区域至少包括由框架支承的操作者座椅;动力传动系组件,动力传动系组件由框架支承并且包括发动机和以可操作的方式联接至发动机的无级变速器;以及排气组件,排气组件流体地联接至发动机并且包括消音器和流体地联接至消音器的排气导管。多用途车辆还包括货物区域,货物区域具有货物表面,并且货物区域在定位于消音器上方的枢转位置处以可枢转的方式联接至框架。货物表面能够在货物表面大致平行于地面时的第一位置与货物表面相对于地面成角度时的第二位置之间枢转。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括多个地面接合构件以及框架,框架由地面接合构件支承在地面上方。框架包括前部部分、联接至前部部分的中间部分以及联接至中间部分的后部部分,并且后部部分包括至少一个框架构件。多用途车辆还包括操作者区域和动力传动系组件,其中,操作者区域至少包括由框架支承的操作者座椅,动力传动系组件由框架支承并且包括发动机和以可操作的方式联接至发动机的无级变速器。此外,多用途车辆包括货物区域,货物区域具有货物表面并且能够在货物表面大致平行于地面时的第一位置与货物表面相对于地面成角度时的第二位置之间枢转。货物区域包括支承构件,支承构件定位在货物表面下方并且构造成相对于框架枢转。支承构件和所述至少一个框架构件构造成协作以在货物表面处于第二位置时为货物表面提供止挡。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括多个地面接合构件以及框架,框架由地面接合构件支承在地面上方。框架包括前部部分、联接至前部部分的中间部分以及联接至中间部分的后部部分,并且后部部分包括至少一个框架构件。此外,多用途车辆包括操作者区域和动力传动系组件,其中,操作者区域至少包括由框架支承的操作者座椅,动力传动系组件由框架支承并且包括发动机和以可操作的方式联接至发动机的无级变速器。多用途车辆还包括货物区域,货物区域具有货物箱,货物箱构造成在货物箱的底表面大致平行于地面时的第一位置与底表面相对于地面成角度时的第二位置之间枢转。此外,多用途车辆包括止挡构件,止挡构件定位在下述间隙内:该间隙限定在货物基部的底表面与车辆的包括框架的后部部分的封闭件之间,并且该间隙是在货物箱处于第一位置时限定的。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由所述多个地面接合构件支承;动力传动系组件,动力传动系组件包括由框架支承的发动机和无级变速器;以及操作者区域,操作者区域由框架支承并且至少具有操作者座椅,操作者座椅包括构造成支承操作者的座椅底部和座椅靠背。此外,多用途车辆包括至少一个视觉显示器和转向组件,其中,所述至少一个视觉显示器定位在操作者区域内并且向操作者指示动态车辆参数,转向组件以可操作的方式联接至所述多个地面接合构件并且转向组件包括转向柱和延伸到操作者区域中的方向盘。方向盘能够至少在第一位置与第二位置之间至少竖向地移动,并且所述至少一个视觉显示器构造成与方向盘一起移动。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由所述多个地面接合构件支承;动力传动系组件,动力传动系组件包括由框架支承的发动机和无级变速器;以及操作者区域,操作者区域由框架支承并且至少具有操作者座椅,操作者座椅包括构造成支承操作者的座椅底部和座椅靠背。此外,多用途车辆包括:仪表板组件,仪表板组件定位在操作者区域内并且定位在操作者的座椅底部的前方;由仪表板组件支承的至少一个视觉显示器;以及转向组件,转向组件以可操作的方式联接至所述多个地面接合构件并且转向组件包括转向柱和延伸到操作者区域中的方向盘。方向盘能够至少在第一位置与第二位置之间至少竖向地移动,并且所述至少一个视觉显示器在方向盘处于该第一位置时处于第一位置并且所述至少一个视觉显示器在方向盘处于该第二位置时处于第二位置。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由所述多个地面接合构件支承;动力传动系组件,动力传动系组件包括由框架支承的发动机和无级变速器;以及操作者区域,操作者区域由框架支承并且至少具有操作者座椅,操作者座椅包括构造成支承操作者的座椅底部和座椅靠背。此外,多用途车辆包括仪表板组件,仪表板组件定位在操作者区域内并且定位在操作者的座椅底部的前方。仪表板包括固定部分和可移动部分,并且可移动部分构造成至少在第一位置与第二位置之间移动。此外,多用途车辆包括:第一视觉显示器,第一视觉显示器由仪表板组件的固定部分支承并且具有针对车辆参数的第一指示器;第二视觉显示器,第二视觉显示器由仪表板组件的可移动部分支承并且具有针对车辆参数的第二指示器;以及转向组件,转向组件以可操作的方式联接至所述多个地面接合构件并且转向组件包括转向柱和延伸到操作者区域中的方向盘。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施方式,一种多用途车辆包括:多个地面接合构件;框架,框架由所述多个地面接合构件支承;操作者区域,操作者区域具有至少一个座椅,所述至少一个座椅包括座椅底部和座椅靠背;以及动力传动系组件,动力传动系组件由框架支承并且包括发动机和以可操作的方式联接至发动机的无级变速器。此外,多用途车辆包括悬架组件,悬架组件以可操作的方式联接至所述多个地面接合构件中的至少一个地面接合构件。悬架组件包括控制臂,控制臂具有以可操作的方式联接至框架的框架安装件,并且框架安装件包括:外构件;定位在外构件内的内构件;定位在内构件与外构件之间的至少一个轴承构件;以及端盖,端盖以密封的方式定位在外构件内并且邻近于内构件。
附图说明
通过参照结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行的以下描述,本发明的上述及其他特征以及获得这些特征的方式将变得更加明显,并且本发明本身将被更佳地理解,在附图中:
图1是本公开的多用途车辆的左前立体图;
图2是图1的车辆的右后立体图;
图3是图1的车辆的左侧视图;
图4是图1的车辆的右侧视图;
图5是图1的车辆的俯视图;
图6是图1的车辆的正视图;
图7是图1的车辆的后视图;
图8是图1的车辆的下框架组件的仰视图;
图9是图8的下框架组件的左前立体图;
图10是图8的下框架组件的左后立体图;
图11是图8的下框架组件的中间部分的沿着图8的线11-11截取的正视图;
图12是图1的车辆的动力传动系组件的示意图;
图13A是图1的车辆的前悬架组件的一部分的左前立体图;
图13B是图13A的前悬架组件的悬架安装件的分解图;
图13C是图13A的悬架安装件的沿着图13A的线13C-13C截取的截面图;
图14是图1的车辆的处于延伸位置的减振器的正视图;
图15是图14的处于压缩位置的减振器的正视图;
图16是图1的车辆的操作者区域的一部分的前视图,其示出了转向组件的一部分以及仪表板组件;
图17A是图16的仪表板组件和转向组件的示意性侧视图,其中,仪表板组件的可移动部分处于升高位置;
图17B是图16的仪表板组件和转向组件的示意性侧视图,其中,仪表板组件的可移动部分处于降低位置;
图17C是图16的处于升高位置的转向组件的一部分以及仪表板组件的仪表的侧视图;
图17D是图16的处于降低位置的转向组件的一部分以及仪表的侧视图;
图18是图1的车辆的操作者区域的一部分的俯视图,其示出了多个覆盖的贮存区域的位置;
图19是用于图18的贮存区域的覆盖件的立体图;
图20A是图1的车辆的操作者区域的一部分的左前立体图,其示出了操作者座椅和乘客座椅;
图20B是图1的车辆的操作者区域的一部分的后俯视图,其中,转向组件被移除;
图20C是图20B的操作者区域的一部分的左侧视图;
图21是图1的车辆的门组件的右立体图;
图22是图21的门组件的分解图;
图23是图21的包括闩锁组件和铰链组件的门组件的分解图;
图24是图21的门组件的抓握把手的右前立体图;
图25是图23的铰链组件的沿着图21的线25-25截取的截面图,其中,门组件处于打开位置;
图26A是图23的铰链组件的截面图,其中,门组件处于部分关闭位置;
图26B是图23的铰链组件的截面图,其中,门组件处于关闭位置;
图27是图1的车辆的进气组件的左前立体图;
图28是图27的进气组件的右后立体图;
图29是图28的进气组件的一部分和图1的车辆的动力传动系组件的一部分的左后立体图;
图30是图29的进气组件和动力传动系组件的右后立体图;
图31是用于图30的动力传动系组件的无级变速器的过滤器、进气端口和辅助导管的分解图;
图32是图27的下框架组件和进气组件的俯视图;
图33是图1的车辆的示意性俯视图,其示出了图32的进气组件的替代性构型;
图34是图32的进气组件的空气入口的后立体图;
图35是图34的空气入口的截面图;
图36是图1的车辆的前端部的沿着图34的线36-36截取的截面图,其示出了定位在车辆的发动机罩下方的空气入口中的一个空气入口;
图37是图27的进气组件的一体式壳体构件的沿着图27的线37-37截取的截面图;
图38是图1的车辆的排气组件的左后立体图;
图39是图38的排气组件的分解图;
图40是图1的车辆的后框架部分的右侧视图,其中,后货物区域处于升高位置;
图41是图40的后框架部分和后货物区域的左前立体图;
图42是图40的后框架部分和后货物区域的分解图;
图43A是图40的处于降低位置的后框架部分和后货物区域的示意性侧视图,其中,止挡构件定位在介于车辆框架的一部分与后货物区域的一部分之间的间隙内;
图43B是图40的后框架部分和后货物区域的截面图;
图44是图40的后货物区域的后挡板的左前立体图;
图45是图44的后挡板的左后立体图;
图46是图44的后挡板的分解图;
图47是图40的后货物区域的侧贮存区域的分解图;
图48是图40的处于降低位置的后货物区域的替代性实施方式的左后立体图;
图49是图48的处于升高位置的替代性实施方式后货物区域的左后立体图;以及
图50是图48的替代性实施方式后货物区域的左后立体图,其中,横向贮存区域被移除并且后货物区域的侧壁被枢转至降低位置。
贯穿若干视图,对应的附图标记指示对应的部件。尽管附图代表本发明的实施方式,但是附图不一定按比例绘制并且某些特征可能被放大以更佳地示出并说明本发明。
具体实施方式
下面公开的实施方式并非意在是详尽的或将本发明限于在以下详细描述中公开的确切形式。相反,实施方式被选择并描述以使得本领域的其他技术人员可以利用其教示。尽管本公开内容主要涉及多用途车辆,但应当理解的是,本文中公开的特征可以应用于其他类型的车辆,比如其他的全地形车辆、摩托车、雪地车和高尔夫球车。
参照图1至图7,示出了多用途车辆2的说明性实施方式。车辆2构造成用于越野条件。车辆2包括说明性地为前轮6和后轮8的多个地面接合构件4。在一个实施方式中,地面接合构件4中的一个或更多个地面接合构件可以用诸如购自位于MN 55340的Medina(麦地那市)的55号公路的2100号处的Polaris Industries Inc.(北极星工业有限公司)的Prospector II型履带之类的履带替代,或者用诸如美国专利No.8,176,957(代理案号为PLR-09-25371.01P)和No.8,104,524(代理案号为PLR-09-25369.01P)中示出的非充气轮胎之类的非充气轮胎替代,这两项美国专利的全部公开内容通过参引明确地并入本文中。
车辆2还包括由地面接合构件4支承在地面G上方的框架组件10。地面G可以是大致平坦且水平的泥土表面、草地表面、混凝土表面、陶瓷表面、聚合物表面或其他表面。框架组件10沿着车辆2的纵向中心线CL延伸(图5)。框架组件10包括下框架组件12,下框架组件12限定有前框架部分14、后框架部分16以及在前框架部分14与后框架部分16之间延伸的中间框架部分18。下框架组件12支承后货物区域30和车身32,车身32包括多个车身面板。
此外,如图1至图3中所示,框架组件10包括上框架组件20,上框架组件20在下框架组件12上方竖向地延伸并且更具体地在下框架组件12的至少中间框架部分18上方竖向地延伸。在一个实施方式中,由上框架组件20和下框架组件12定界的区域被称为车辆2的露天操作者区域34。上框架组件20包括前竖立构件22、后竖立构件24、纵向延伸构件26、前横向构件27、后横向构件28和至少一个支柱29。
如图1至图6中所示,操作者区域34包括用于操作者和一个或更多个乘客的坐置件36。说明性地,坐置件36包括操作者座椅38和乘客座椅40,然而,坐置件36还可以包括用于额外乘客的后座椅。
参照图8至图11,示出了下框架组件12。下框架组件12包括前框架部分14、中间框架部分18和后框架部分16。在一个实施方式中,车辆2的轮距长度从前框架部分14延伸至后框架部分16,并且可以为约81英寸。前框架部分14包括纵向构件48(图10)、横向构件50、后竖立构件52、前竖立构件54和交叉支柱56。此外,前框架部分14包括前板58以用于支承车辆的诸如前差速器297(图12)之类的部件。
中间框架部分18联接至前框架部分14,并且中间框架部分18包括:纵向构件60;联接至纵向构件60的横向构件62;联接至纵向构件60的第一竖立构件64;联接至纵向构件60的第二竖立构件;联接至纵向构件60的第三竖立构件68;以及联接至竖立构件64、66和68的对角构件74。中间框架部分18还包括联接至第三竖立构件68的多个对角支柱70、71。此外,中间框架部分18包括板或基部构件72,该板或基部构件72限定有防护板并且定位在至少操作者区域34下方。如图8和图11中所示,中间框架部分18的板72沿着车辆2的整个横向宽度横向地延伸。板72的中央部分72a相对于板72的左侧部分72b和右侧部分72b凹进。因此,中央部分72a比左侧部分72b和右侧部分72b更靠近地面G。通过将板72构造成具有相对于左侧部分72b和右侧部分72b凹进的中央部分72a,车辆2沿着车辆2的侧部具有增大的间隙。
后框架部分16联接至中间框架部分18,并且后框架部分16包括下纵向构件76、竖立构件78、横向构件82和上纵向构件80。后框架部分16还包括板84,板84可以与板72成一体或者与板72分开。板84支承车辆2的动力传动系组件292的一部分。框架组件10的额外细节可以在于2014年9月4日提交的、名称为“SIDE-BY-SIDE VEHICLE(并排式车辆)”、序列号为14/477,589的美国专利申请(代理案号为PLR-15-26062.03P)中公开,该美国专利申请的全部公开内容通过参引明确地并入本文中。
参照图12,动力传动系组件292至少包括发动机294(图29)、无级变速器(“CVT”)296(图27)、可换挡变速器298(图2)、前差速器297、后差速器299和驱动轴295。CVT 296以可操作的方式联接至发动机294和可换挡变速器298,以分别通过前差速器297和后差速器299驱动前轮6和/或后轮8。如图32中所示,后框架部分16的板84定位在座椅框架197的后方,并且因此定位在座椅底部42的最前边缘43a的后方(图20)。因此,发动机294和CVT 296定位在座椅底部42的最前边缘43a的后方。
参照图13A至图13C,车辆2包括前悬架组件90。前悬架组件90包括上控制臂92、下控制臂94以及说明性地为减振器96(图6)的线性力元件。上控制臂92包括:内安装构件98a、98b,内安装构件98a、98b用于联接至下框架组件12的前框架部分14;以及外安装构件102,外安装构件102用于联接至轮毂组件106的转向节104。下控制臂94包括内安装构件108a、108b,内安装构件108a、108b用于联接至下框架组件12的前框架部分14;以及外安装构件110,外安装构件110也用于联接至轮毂组件106的转向节104。
如图13B和图13C中所示,上控制臂92的安装构件98a可以包括外构件112、内构件114、轴承构件116、端盖118和密封件120。在一个实施方式中,内构件114可以在内构件114的形成期间硬化,使得内构件114由硬化的金属材料构成。说明性地,内构件114被接纳在外构件112内并且内构件114的长度小于外构件的长度。此外,内构件114的长度和轴承构件116的长度限定安装构件98a的公差。每个轴承构件116均定位在外构件112的内表面与内构件114的外表面中间,并且每个轴承构件116均定位成邻近于内构件114的各自的端部。更具体地,在一个实施方式中,外构件112的内表面包括凹部122,并且每个凹部122各自接纳轴承构件116中的一个轴承构件的一部分。轴承构件116被接纳在凹部122内并且接触外构件112的内表面的肩部113。肩部113可以机械加工到外构件112中,由此使外构件112制造简单。轴承构件116允许外构件112相对于内构件114运动,而不需要任何油脂或额外的润滑。因此,安装构件98a可以是无油脂的,同时仍允许外构件112相对于轴承构件116运动。例如,轴承构件116可以由包含具有玻璃纤维的尼龙6/6、PTFE和硅树脂的材料构成,该材料在没有油脂的情况下实现了润滑。具有玻璃纤维的尼龙6/6、PTFE和硅树脂可以以任何量存在于构成轴承构件116的材料内。在一个实施方式中,轴承构件116由于PTFE的添加而提供了自润滑表面以使外构件112相对于内构件114运动。
为了将外构件112的内容积部密封以阻止水、碎屑、灰尘和其他液体或颗粒物质——水、碎屑、灰尘和其他液体或颗粒物质可能会增大轴承构件116与外构件112之间的摩擦,端盖118可以以密封的方式接纳在外构件112的端部部分内。说明性地,端盖118可以定位成邻近于内构件114的端部部分。端盖118各自包括用于接纳密封件120的凹部126,密封件120说明性地为O形环。以此方式,端盖118和密封件120将外构件112的内容积部密封以防止灰尘、碎屑、水或其他物质——灰尘、碎屑、水或其他物质在车辆2的操作期间可能会影响外构件112相对于内构件114的运动——进入外构件112的内容积部。此外,如图13C中所示,密封件120完全地定位在外构件112内并且定位在端盖118的外端部的内侧,使得污染物质(例如,灰尘、液体)不接触密封件120。以此方式,密封件120不会暴露于可能在外构件112内部以其自身的方式工作且可能会增大轴承构件116与外构件112之间的摩擦的任何液体、灰尘或其他物质。密封件120还可以嵌置有蜡材料以增大耐磨性。
此外,密封件120轴向地邻近于安装构件98a的推力表面117。更具体地,在车辆2的操作期间可以沿方向L(图13C)在安装构件98a上施加轴向载荷,使得轴承构件116与端盖118之间的接合部限定安装构件98a的推力表面117。如图13C中所示,密封件120与推力表面117由端盖118的唇缘119轴向地间隔开,然而,密封件120与推力表面117轴向对准并且密封件120没有定位在推力表面117的径向内侧或径向外侧。通过使密封件120与推力表面117轴向对准,水和碎屑沿安装构件98a的轴向方向接触轴承构件116的可能性降低。此外,内构件114和外构件116将轴承构件116的径向表面密封以阻止水和碎屑。
端盖118各自包括与内构件114的内通道124对准的孔或通道128。此外,通道128的直径与内通道124的直径大致相同。穿过内通道124和通道128接纳有紧固件(未示出)以用于将上控制臂92联接至下框架组件12。
车辆2还包括后悬架组件130,如图7中所示。后悬架组件130可以包括摇杆132、上悬架构件134、下悬架构件136以及说明性地为减振器138的线性力元件。上悬架构件134和下悬架构件136可以利用与前悬架组件90的安装构件98a类似的安装构件(未示出)安装至下框架组件12的后框架部分16。
此外,前减振器96和后减振器138两者可以是具有单个弹簧或线圈的液压减振器或气动减振器。替代性地,减振器96、138可以是具有渐进螺旋式柔和弹簧的液压减振器或气动减振器,如图14和图15中所示。当减振器96、138包括渐进螺旋式柔和弹簧时,悬架行程可以具有辅助的弹簧刚度以防止主弹簧在处于全悬架延伸状态时变得松弛。此外,渐进螺旋式柔和弹簧可以在悬架调整中使用,以在某些驾乘事件中保持较弱的弹簧刚度,同时允许在其他驾乘事件期间转换至较硬的主弹簧。
说明性地,减振器96、138包括液压缸或气动缸140、主弹簧或主要弹簧142以及说明性地示出为渐进螺旋式柔和弹簧144的辅助或次弹簧。弹簧142、144通常围绕缸140并且柔和弹簧144与主弹簧142串联地定位。当柔和弹簧144和主弹簧142两者处于图14中所示的延伸位置时,柔和弹簧144的长度也可以小于主弹簧142的长度。柔和弹簧144可以借助于第一联接件141a和第二联接件141b联接至缸140。此外,主弹簧142可以借助于第二联接件141b和第三联接件141c联接至缸140。联接件141a、141b、141c可以是能够沿着缸140的长度进行调节的,使得联接件141a、141b、141c可以用于调节弹簧142、144的长度。
说明性的柔和弹簧144具有第一线圈144a、第二线圈144b、第三线圈144c和第四线圈144d,然而,柔和弹簧144可以具有任何数目的线圈。柔和弹簧144是渐进卷绕式弹簧,使得柔和弹簧144的第一线圈144a、第二线圈144b、第三线圈144c和第四线圈144d的节距在柔和弹簧144的整个长度上是不同的。此外,相邻线圈144a、144b、144c、144d之间的距离变化,使得第一线圈144a与第二线圈144b之间的距离d1小于第二线圈144b与第三线圈144c之间的距离d2。第三线圈144c与第四线圈144d之间的距离d3大于距离d2。以此方式,当柔和弹簧144被朝向图15的位置压缩时,每个单独的线圈144a、144b、144c、144d以一次一个的方式铺设于位于下面的线圈的顶部上。通过改变线圈144a、144b、144c、144d中的各个线圈之间的距离,在柔和弹簧144向图15的压缩位置收缩时的噪音被最小化或消除,原因在于柔和弹簧144是逐渐收缩而不是所有的线圈144a、144b、144c、144d同时收缩,这种同时收缩可能会导致弹簧“颤动”或“拍击”噪音。在一个实施方式中,图14的延伸位置与图15的压缩位置之间的悬架行程可以为约12英寸。然而,在替代性实施方式中,悬架行程可以大于12英寸或小于12英寸。前悬架组件90和/或后悬架组件130的额外细节可以在于2014年9月4日提交的、名称为“SIDE-BY-SIDE VEHICLE(并排式车辆)”、序列号为14/477,589的美国专利申请(代理案号为PLR-15-26062.03P)中公开,该美国专利申请的全部公开内容通过参引明确地并入本文中。
参照图16至图20C,车身32的多个车身面板可以延伸到操作者区域34中。例如,车身32可以包括内面板450、位于内面板450之间的中央控制台452、地板454、外面板462和仪表板组件150。内面板450、外面板462和中央控制台452可以沿着座椅48、40横向地定位,地板454可以定位在座椅38、40下方,并且仪表板组件150定位在座椅38、40的前方。地板组件可以包括用于操作者在车辆2的操作期间将他/她的左脚搁置在其上的固定踏板456。油门踏板458和制动踏板460两者均从固定踏板456靠近中心线CL定位,使得油门踏板458和制动踏板460定位在固定踏板456与内面板450中间。
如图16中所示,仪表板组件150包括多个贮存区域152、154。此外,仪表板组件150可以包括多个显示器——比如大致定位在仪表板组件150的中间处的显示器156——以及定位在操作者座椅38的前方的仪表158。替代性地,显示器156可以从仪表板组件150移除,以使用于货物的额外贮存区域在操作者区域34内露出。如图16中所示,显示器156或被显示器156隐藏的贮存区域定位在仪表板组件150的上表面151下方。显示器156可以配置成用于GPS、娱乐、关于车辆参数的信息、地形数据以及与车辆2有关的任何其他特征和信息。
仪表158配置成向操作者显示各种动态车辆参数,比如速度、燃料液位(level)、发动机温度、rpm和其他数据。说明性地,仪表158定位在仪表板组件150的上表面151下方。此外,仪表158位于转向组件160的一部分的前方,该转向组件160至少包括方向盘162、转向柱163、转向轴164、拉杆166(图6)和倾斜组件168。倾斜组件168包括:液压减振器或气动减振器170;活塞172,活塞172构造成在减振器170内往复运动;以及杆174,杆174致动活塞172在减振器170内的运动。在一个实施方式中,转向组件160可以是这样的子组件:该子组件构造成作为完全组装的单元与车辆2联接,而不是要求转向组件160的每个单独的部件以一次一个的方式联接至车辆2。
参照17A和图17B,仪表板组件150包括固定部分157以及说明性地为槽框件159的可移动部分。固定部分157在上端部处由仪表板组件150的上表面151限定。更具体地,仪表158的上表面和槽框件159的上表面定位在仪表板组件150的上表面151下方。由槽框件159限定的可移动部分支承仪表158,并且该可移动部分构造成在升高位置与降低位置之间移动。因此,由于仪表158的至少顶部部分和底部部分由槽框件159支承,因此仪表158与槽框件159一起在升高位置与降低位置之间移动。此外,槽框件159和仪表158在仪表板组件150内移动并且在升高位置和降低位置两者处都定位在仪表板组件150的上表面151下方。
更具体地,参照图17D和图17C,仪表158构造成在倾斜组件168被致动以调节操作者用的方向盘162的位置时与方向盘162一起移动。更具体地,仪表158被支承在仪表板组件150的槽框件159内,槽框件159借助于支架组件175联接至转向柱163。例如,如图17C和图17D中所示,仪表158借助于支架组件175的支架176联接至转向柱163,并且利用紧固件177固定至转向柱163。此外,支架176以可枢转的方式联接至支柱178,支柱178由框架组件10支承并且支柱178借助于支承构件180、182联接至倾斜组件168。说明性地,支承构件180的下端部以可枢转的方式联接至倾斜组件168的减振器170,并且支承构件180的上端部联接至支承构件182。以此方式,仪表158的位置和取向相对于方向盘162是固定的,使得当倾斜组件168允许方向盘162在升高位置(图17C)与降低位置(图17D)之间移动时,仪表158也与方向盘162一起移动以保持仪表158相对于方向盘162的位置和取向。因此,操作者的仪表158视野不被方向盘162的位置阻碍或阻挡。此外,操作者的离开车辆2的前方的视线由于仪表158和方向盘162两者均定位在仪表板组件150的上表面151下方而不会被仪表158或方向盘162阻挡。
参照图18和图19,车辆的车身32还包括位于操作者区域34内的额外的贮存区域184、186。更具体地,贮存区域184可以定位在座椅38、40的后方并且贮存区域184包括抵靠车辆2的车身32密封的面板或门190。贮存区域184可以容纳发动机控制单元(“ECU”)(未示出)或者容纳用于操作者或乘客的货物或个人物品的敞开容积部。邻近于面板190的一侧设有凹部194,以用于在进入贮存区域184时打开面板190。
此外,贮存区域186也定位在操作者区域34内并且定位在中央控制台185的两侧并且定位在操作者座椅38和乘客座椅40下方。贮存区域186可以容纳用于车辆2的电池(未示出)、车辆2的燃料箱(未示出)、或者用于操作者和/或乘客的货物或个人物品的敞开容积部。类似于面板190,贮存区域186包括也邻接凹部194的面板或门188。在一个实施方式中,面板190与面板188大致相同。当打开或关闭面板190时,凹部194辅助操作者或乘客。与面板190一样,面板188也可以在处于关闭位置时抵靠车身32密封。在一个实施方式中,面板190设置用于贮存区域184、186两者。替代性地,面板190设置用于座椅38、40的后方的贮存区域184并且还设置用于定位在乘客座椅40下方的贮存区域186,而面板188设置用于操作者座椅38下方的贮存区域186。
参照图20A,操作者座椅38和乘客座椅40可以在操作者区域34内呈并排式构型并且由下框架组件12的座椅框架197支承。替代性地,座椅38、40可以呈前后式构型,使得乘客座椅40定位在操作者座椅38的后方。座椅38、40各自包括用于至少操作者和乘客的座椅底部42、定位在座椅底部42上方的座椅靠背44以及定位在座椅底部42和座椅靠背44上方的头枕46。座椅底部42可以与座椅靠背44分开,然而,头枕46可以与座椅靠背44一体地形成。替代性地,头枕46可以与座椅靠背44分开。在另一实施方式中,座椅底部42、座椅靠背44和头枕46全部可以联接在一起或一体地形成在一起。
座椅底部42包括全部被支承在座椅框架197上方的最前边缘43a、最后边缘43b和坐置表面45。座椅底部42可以联接至座椅滑动件组件196,使得至少座椅底部42相对于座椅框架197沿前后方向滑动。在一个实施方式中,座椅靠背44联接至座椅底部42,使得座椅靠背44在座椅滑动件组件196被致动时与座椅底部42一起移动。此外,每个座椅38、40可以包括座椅安全带组件198,座椅安全带组件198可以包括肩带198a和搭接限制件198b,用以在车辆2操作时将操作者和乘客固定在操作者区域34内。
参照图20B和图20C,座椅38、40的位置允许为操作者和/或乘客提供额外的腿部空间、臀部空间和肘部空间。例如,在一个实施方式中,横向距离D1限定座椅底部42的臀部宽度,并且可以为约18英寸至25英寸并且说明性地为约21.7英寸。此外,纵向中心线CL与门200之间的横向距离D2限定用于操作者和/或乘客的肘部空间,并且可以为约25英寸至30英寸并且说明性地为约28英寸。仍参照图20B,内面板450与外面板462之间的横向距离D3限定操作者的腿部空间,并且可以为约16英寸至30英寸并且说明性地可以为约20英寸。内面板450与固定踏板456的下内角部之间的横向距离D4限定操作者的踏板输入腿部空间,并且可以为约10英寸至20英寸并且说明性地可以为约16英寸。参照图20C,操作者座椅38的纵向位置和竖向位置也影响操作者的腿部空间,使得在包括油门踏板458的前边缘的竖向平面P1与座椅底部42的前边缘43a之间延伸的纵向距离D5可以为约20英寸至30英寸并且说明性地可以为约25英寸。另外,距离D6限定用于操作者的竖向腿部空间并且在座椅底部42的前边缘43a与地板454之间延伸。距离D6可以为约20英寸至30英寸并且说明性地可以为约16.6英寸。
图20C中还示出了位于车身32中并且更具体地位于内面板450中的开口470,内面板450在操作者区域34的操作者侧与乘客侧之间延伸。开口470定位在座椅38、40的前方和内侧并且定位在踏板458、460的后方。此外,开口470位于中央控制台452的前方和下方并且位于地板454的上方。开口470由车身面板——比如地板472、后面板474、与后面板474大致相对的前面板(未示出)以及与地板472大致相对的上面板(未示出)——定界。地板472、后面板474、前面板和/或上面板中的任一者可以包括可移除的入口覆盖件(未示出),该入口覆盖件可以被移除以使车辆2的额外部件露出。通过移除入口覆盖件,可以对车辆2的其他部件(例如,驱动轴295)进行维修。此外,网状件或覆盖构件可以以可移动的方式联接至内面板450以将货物保持在开口470内。除了货物以外,开口470构造成接纳用于车辆2的诸如亚低音扩音器、扬声器、音频部件之类的附件、或者任何其他车辆附件。此外,在开口470的地板472、后面板474、前面板和/或上面板内可以包括有通气口、挡板或其他气流构件,并且/或者通气口、挡板或其他气流构件可以定位成邻近于开口470以引导空气流穿过操作者区域34的下部部分。
如图21至图26中所示,车辆2还可以包括用于部分地封闭操作者区域34的门200。门200由下框架组件12的中间框架部分18支承并且门200以可枢转的方式联接至中间框架部分18。更具体地,门200借助于多个铰链202以可枢转的方式联接至下框架组件12的中间框架部分18的竖立构件66。以此方式,门200在于关闭位置与打开位置之间移动时绕竖立构件66枢转以允许进入及离开操作者区域34。
如图22中所示,门200包括外面板204、内面板206以及定位在外面板204与内面板206之间的门框架组件208。外面板204和内面板206可以由聚合材料构成,而门框架组件208可以由金属材料(例如,钢、铝)构成。门框架组件208可以在门框架组件208的形成期间压铸而成而不是冲压而成。内面板206可以包括用于由驾驶员和/或乘客带入车辆2中的地图、路线信息或其他物品的袋状部或贮存室(未示出)。门200还可以具有从车辆2向外弯曲或延伸的轮廓部,用以增加操作者区域34内的操作者空间。与门200的轮廓部有关的额外细节可以在于2015年4月9日提交的、名称为“SIDE-BY-SIDE VEHICLE(并排式车辆)”、序列号为14/434,685的美国专利申请(代理案号为PLR-15-25448.05P)中发现,该美国专利申请的全部公开内容通过参引明确地并入本文中。
外面板204的内表面包括多个支架,以用于支承门200的各种部件。更具体地,外面板204上的支架210与铰链202上的孔212和门框架组件208上的孔214对准,以将铰链202联接至门框架组件208和外面板204。此外,外面板204上的支架216与内面板206的外表面上的孔218对准,以将内面板206联接至外面板204。外面板204还借助于外面板204的内表面上的支架220联接至门框架组件208和内面板206。更具体地,如图22中所示,支架220与门框架组件208上的孔222和内面板206上的孔224对准,以将外面板204、内面板206和门框架组件208联接在一起。类似地,外面板204的内表面上的支架226与门框架组件208上的孔228和孔230对准并且与内面板206上的孔232对准,也以将外面板204、内面板206和门框架组件208联接在一起。
门200还包括外把手或闩锁234,该外把手或闩锁234利用紧固件236以可操作的方式联接至外面板204。当进入车辆2时,操作者或乘客可以拉动外把手234以释放门200的闩锁机构从而打开门200。门框架组件208和内面板206也可以联接有闩锁组件240,以便在操作者和/或乘客离开车辆2时打开门。闩锁组件240包括内把手或闩锁242、闩锁构件244、以可操作的方式联接至内把手242和闩锁构件244的张紧组件或弹簧组件248、以及用于支承弹簧组件248的支架246。为了将闩锁组件240支承在门200上,外面板204的内表面上的支架250与门框架组件208上的孔252和内把手242上的孔254对准,并且紧固件穿过孔252和孔254而被接纳。闩锁构件244借助于穿过闩锁构件244上的孔256和门框架组件208上的孔258被接纳的紧固件而被支承在门框架组件208上。在一个实施方式中,如图24中所示,抓握杆270联接至门200的至少内面板206并且可以联接至内把手242和闩锁构件244或者邻近于内把手242和闩锁构件244。弹簧组件248借助于穿过支架246上的孔260——孔260与门框架组件208上的孔262对准——被接纳的紧固件联接至门框架组件208。因此,弹簧组件248完全隐藏在门框架组件208与内面板206之间,使得弹簧组件248对于操作者、乘客或车辆2外部的任何人是不可见的。
弹簧组件248以可移动的方式联接至内把手242和闩锁构件244,使得当操作者或乘客拉动内把手242时,弹簧组件248释放并且门200能够打开。如图21至图23中所示,弹簧组件248还包括捕获构件264,该捕获构件264构造成接纳并释放借助于支架268联接至第三竖立构件68的闩锁266。更具体地,捕获构件264可以是这样的棘爪构件:该棘爪构件构造成在车辆2的操作期间接纳闩锁266以将门200固定在关闭位置。然而,当操作者或乘客打开门200时,操作者或乘客拉动内把手242,这使得捕获构件264释放闩锁266,由此允许门200枢转至打开位置。类似地,当操作者或乘客用外把手234打开门200时,捕获构件264释放闩锁266以允许进入操作者区域34中。
此外,当打开及关闭门200时,外面板204、内面板206和门框架组件208相对于彼此固定并且借助于铰链202绕竖立构件66一起枢转。如图21中所示,铰链202由于铰链202沿着外面板204的内表面定位而被隐藏,使得铰链202从车辆2的外部是不可见的。更具体地,如图25至图26B中所示,铰链202在门200处于打开位置(图25)、部分关闭位置(图26A)和完全关闭位置(图26B)时被隐藏。铰链202以可枢转的方式联接至竖立构件66上的臂部274。在一个实施方式中,铰链202利用紧固件272以可移除的方式联接至臂部274。说明性地,紧固件272穿过铰链202的竖向定向的孔273和臂部274的竖向定向的通道275而被竖向地接纳。臂部274可以以可移除的方式联接至竖立构件66或者永久地联接至竖立构件66。臂部274包括接合表面276,以用于在门200处于打开位置(图25)时接合铰链202上的止挡表面278。因此,当门200打开时,接合表面276与止挡表面278接触以防止门200过度旋转。相反地,当关闭门200时,接合表面276与止挡表面278间隔开并且不与止挡表面278接触。因此,门200自由地枢转至关闭位置(图26B)。密封件286(图22)可以联接至门200的一部分,使得门200抵靠车辆2的车身32密封。
此外,如图1至图4中所示,门200的纵向宽度WD大致等于在前竖立构件22与后竖立构件24之间的开口的纵向宽度WO。因此,在一个实施方式中,门200基本上完全延伸跨过操作者区域34的纵向开口。如图1至图4以及图22中所示,外面板204的上部部分280、内面板206的上部部分282以及门框架组件208的上部部分284各自从外把手234和闩锁组件240向上延伸,使得门200接触后竖立构件24的一部分。说明性地,上部部分280、282、284定位在头枕46下方并且邻近于座椅靠背44,但是上部部分280、282、284延伸到上框架组件20中并且定位在后货物区域30的上表面上方。因此,门200定位在下框架组件12的邻近于座椅靠背44的承梁区域内,使得在该区域中不需要额外的框架构件。更具体地,如图3中所示,门200的上部部分280定位在操作者和乘客的大致肩部高度处,以沿着操作者和/或乘客的头部下方的整个身体延伸。此外,当处于图3中所示的位置时,相对于纵向构件60和地面G而言,门200的由外面板204的前向部分288和内面板206的前向部分290限定的前向部分的高度与上部部分280、282、284的高度大致相同。例如,在一个实施方式中,从纵向构件60的底表面至门200的上部部分280的高度H1可以为约32英寸至38英寸并且说明性地可以为约35英寸。相反地,当处于图3中所示的位置时,相对于纵向构件60和地面G而言,门的位于前部部分288、290与上部部分280、282、284中间的一部分的高度可以小于前部部分288、290和上部部分280、282、284的高度,由此增加操作者在门200上方的视线。
门框架组件208的上部部分284可以构造为附件安装件。例如,尽管说明性的门200被示出为半门,但门200的上部部分可以联接至门框架组件208的上部部分284以限定车辆2的全门。更具体地,门框架组件208的上部部分284包括多个槽或孔263,所述多个槽或孔263构造成接纳用于将附件——比如,硬塑性上门、帆布上门、织造侧网状件或构造成用于附接至门的任何其他附件——联接至门200的紧固件。替代性地,上门或任何其他附件可以联接至外面板204的上部部分280和内面板206的上部部分282,而不是联接至门框架组件208。
参照图27至图37,车辆2还包括进气组件300。进气组件300包括第一导管302和第二导管304。第一导管302和第二导管304流体地联接至车辆2的至少一个施用装置——例如车辆2的动力传动系组件292。更具体地,在一个实施方式中,第一导管302限定流体地联接至发动机294的第一流动路径,并且第二导管304限定流体地联接至CVT 296的第二流动路径。第一导管302和第二导管304各自分别包括空气入口306、308。空气入口306、308各自分别具有空气开口或进气口310、312,空气开口或进气口310、312可以相对于彼此成角度或者可以彼此平行。例如,在一个实施方式中,进气口310、312相对于彼此成角度,使得进气口312可以大致面向车辆2的操作者侧或左侧L并且进气口310可以大致面向车辆2的乘客侧或右侧R(图33)。说明性地,进气口310可以以与中心线CL成约45°的角度朝向右侧R成角度,并且进气口312可以以与中心线CL成约45°的角度朝向左侧L成角度。然而,在另一实施方式中,进气口312可以相对于进气口310以任何角度定向。替代性地,进气口310、312可以彼此平行,使得每个进气口310、312从相同的方向并从车辆的相同侧接纳空气。例如,两个进气口310、312可以面向车辆2的右侧R、左侧L、前侧F或后侧RS以将空气吸入到第一导管302和第二导管304中。
参照图27和图28,第一导管302和第二导管304各自可以包括在空气入口306、308与所述至少一个施用装置(例如动力传动系组件292)之间延伸的单个构件或一体式构件。替代性地,如图27和图28中所示,第一导管302和第二导管304可以包括多个构件,所述多个构件流体地联接在一起并且在空气入口306、308与施用装置之间延伸。例如,说明性的第一导管302包括第一构件314a、第二构件316a、第三构件318a和第四构件320a,并且说明性的第二导管304包括第一构件314b、第二构件316b、第三构件318b、和第四构件320b。第四构件320a、320b分别限定有第一空气导管302的出口和第二空气导管304的出口,并且出口位于座椅框架197的后方。此外,由第四构件320a、320b限定的出口中的至少一个出口定位在座椅底部42的最后边缘43b的后方。如至少图32中所示,由第四构件320a限定的出口定位在大致竖向方向上并且可以相对于第一进气口310和第二进气口312的方向成角度,并且由第四构件320b限定的出口定位在大致向后的方向上并且可以相对于第一进气口310和第二进气口312的方向成角度。
说明性地,第一构件314a、314b和第三构件318a、318b可以是由刚性聚合物或金属材料构成的刚性壳体构件,而第二构件316a、316b和第四构件320a、320b可以是由柔性聚合物材料构成的柔性壳体构件。在一个实施方式中,第一构件314a、314b和第三构件318a、318b通过吹塑模制工艺而形成,第二构件316a、316b和第四构件320a、320b通过注塑模制工艺而形成。
如图27和图28中所示,第一空气导管302流体地联接至车辆2的空气箱组件322,空气箱组件322包括腔室324、壳体326和导管328。腔室324构造为调整腔室以对来自流动穿过第一空气导管302并进入壳体326的空气的噪音进行调节。腔室324流体地联接至壳体326,壳体326中包括过滤器以用于对来自从第一空气导管302流出并穿过导管328流动到发动机294中的空气的碎屑、污染物、颗粒和其他物质进行过滤。更具体地,导管328流体地联接至发动机294的进气歧管332,如图29中所示,以用于将经过滤的空气传送到发动机294中从而在发动机294中进行燃烧。
参照图27至图31,第二空气导管304流体地联接至CVT 296,并且更具体地,第二空气导管304联接至CVT 296的进气端口330。CVT 296还可以接纳来自辅助导管334的次空气源。辅助导管334流体地联接至CVT 296的离合器中的一个离合器并且向CVT 296提供冷却空气。来自第二空气导管304和辅助导管334的空气通过排气端口336和排气导管338排放,排气导管338面向车辆2的右侧R或左侧L。替代性地,排气导管338可以面向车辆2的后侧RS以排出来自CVT 296的空气。
如图29至图31中所示,辅助导管334可以接纳来自车辆2的右侧R或左侧L的环境空气。更具体地,辅助导管在CVT 296与由车辆2的车身32支承的进气端口342之间延伸。滤网或过滤器340可以定位在进气端口342外侧并且由车身32支承。滤网340防止碎屑、污染物和其他物质(例如,石块)进入CVT 296。在一个实施方式中,滤网340与车身32齐平并且滤网340利用紧固件联接至车身32。以此方式,CVT 296接纳来自各自定位在车辆2内的不同位置处的两个不同的空气源——第二空气导管304和辅助导管334——的冷却空气。说明性地,CVT 296接纳来自位于操作者区域34的前方的空气入口312的第一空气流和来自位于空气入口312的后方的位置的第二空气流。具体地,空气入口312定位在座椅底部42的最前边缘43a的前方,并且进气端口342定位在最前边缘43a的后方。因此,如果这些空气源中的任何一个空气源变得堵塞或者具有减小的空气流量,则另一个导管继续向CVT 296提供冷却空气。CVT 296的额外细节可以在于2014年9月2日提交的、名称为“CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLETRANSMISSION(无级变速器)”、序列号为14/475,385的美国专利申请(代理案号为PLR-15-26520.01P)中公开,该美国专利申请的全部公开内容通过参引明确地并入本文中。
参照图32至图37,在一个实施方式中,动力传动系组件292被支承在板72和/或板84上方并且定位在操作者区域34中的座椅38、40的大致后方。然而,进气组件300的一部分可以由前框架部分14支承使得第一空气导管302和第二空气导管304从前框架部分13延伸穿过中间框架部分18并且延伸到后框架部分16中。例如,如图32中所示,空气入口306、308、第一构件314a、314b、以及第二构件316a、316b的至少一部分可以定位在前框架部分14内。此外,第二构件316a、316b的一部分、第三构件318a、318b的一部分和第四构件320a、320b的一部分延伸穿过中间框架部分18。空气箱组件322的腔室324也可以定位在中间框架部分18内。第四构件320b可以延伸到后框架部分16中以与CVT 296的进气端口330联接,进气端口330位于中间框架部分18的后方。为了限制与操作者区域34内的部件的干涉,第一空气导管302和第二空气导管304在邻近于板72且在座椅框架197下方的位置处延伸穿过中间框架部分18。
替代性地,进气组件300可以仅由后框架部分16或中间框架部分18支承。此外,如图33的说明性实施方式中所示,第一空气入口306可以由前框架部分14支承,而第二空气入口308可以由后框架部分16支承。因此,第一空气导管302从前框架部分14延伸至后框架部分16,而第二空气导管304仅定位在后框架部分16处。此外,尽管图33的说明性实施方式公开了沿着车辆2的纵向中心线CL定位的第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308两者,但是第一空气入口306和/或第二空气入口308也可以沿着车辆2的右侧R和/或左侧L定位或者沿着车辆2的在前框架部分14与后框架部分16之间以及在右侧R与左侧L之间的任何部分定位。例如,如图33中所示,车辆2的构型可以限定在从上方观察时的封闭件,该封闭件包括右侧R、左侧L、前侧F和后侧RS,并且第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308可以面向右侧R、左侧L、前侧F和/或后侧RS。
参照图32以及图34至图37,当进气组件300如图32中所示那样构造成使得第一空气导管302和第二空气导管304从前框架部分14延伸至后框架部分16时,第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308可以被支承在车身32的发动机罩344下方(图36)。通过将第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308联接至本体构件346,第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308定位在座椅底部42的最前边缘43a的前方并且也竖向地定位在座椅底部42的座椅表面45上方。在一个实施方式中,第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308可以延伸穿过本体构件346中的开口并且从开口向上延伸,该本体构件346说明性地为发动机罩内衬并且定位在发动机罩344下方。此外,第一构件314a、314b的上端部也可以向上延伸穿过本体构件346中的开口以与第一空气入口306的下端部和第二空气入口308的下端部联接。套环348可以围绕第一构件314a、314b的上端部设置以将第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308的下端部联接至第一构件314a、314b的上端部。以此方式,第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308被支承在本体构件346上方,但不直接联接至本体构件346,这可以减少位于发动机罩344下方的用于将第一空气入口306、第二空气入口308支承在前框架部分14上所需的部件的数目。此外,套环348可以将第一构件314a、314b联接至第二构件316a、316b,将第二构件316a、316b联接至第三构件318a,318b以及/或者将第三构件318a、318b联接至第四构件320a、320b。
此外,如图34中所示,进气口310、312可以离开彼此一定角度,使得第一进气口310朝向车辆2的右侧R成角度并且第二进气口312朝向车辆2的左侧L成角度。在一个实施方式中,第一空气入口310从纵向中心线CL朝向右侧R成约45°的角度,而第二空气入口312从纵向中心线CL朝向左侧L成约45°的角度。替代性地,如本文所公开的,第一进气口310和第二进气口312可以彼此平行或者可以在车辆2的左侧L与右侧L之间的任何取向上相对于彼此成角度。通过使第一空气入口310和第二空气入口312成角度,水、灰尘或碎屑的进入可以被最小化。
参照图36,在车辆2的操作期间,环境空气流动到进气组件300中,以向发动机294提供燃烧空气并以向CVT 296提供冷却空气。更具体地,环境空气A在车辆2的前侧F(图33)处被接纳并且首先流动穿过由车身32支承的格栅件350。在环境空气A穿过格栅件350之后,空气流被分成两个单独的空气路径,其中,一个空气路径B流向空气入口306、308并且另一个空气路径C流向散热器352。空气路径C可以是用于发动机294的冷却空气,该冷却空气在到达发动机294之前流动穿过散热器352。
由于本体构件346(图36)在与栅格件350的一部分竖向重叠的部分354处具有凹部,因此空气路径B能够在本体构件346上向上并朝向空气入口306、308流动。此外,发动机罩344中的其他开口(未示出)也可以接纳本体构件346上方的空气,该空气与空气路径B结合并且朝向入口306、308流动。空气路径B流动到第一空气入口306和第二空气入口308中并且朝向施用装置(例如,动力传动系组件292)流动穿过第一空气导管302和第二空气导管304。此外,由于说明性的进气口310、312相对于彼此成角度,因此进气口310、312不会彼此扫气,使得在每个进气口310、312中接纳大致相同的空气量。替代性地,进气口310、312的尺寸可以设定成接纳不同的空气量。
当空气路径B的一部分流动穿过第一空气入口306时,在流动到空气箱组件322的腔室324中并且流动穿过壳体326内的过滤器(未示出)并且最后穿过导管328流动到发动机294的歧管332中之前,空气流动穿过第一构件314a、流动穿过第二构件316a、流动穿过第三构件318a并且流动穿过第四构件320a。空气路径B的一部分同时在流动到CVT 296的进气端口330中之前流动穿过第二空气入口308、流动到第一构件314b中、流动穿过第二构件316b、流动到第三构件318b中并且流动穿过第四构件320b。
如图37中所示,第三构件318a、318b可以一体地形成在单个壳体构件或一体式壳体构件356内。壳体构件356定位在座椅框架197下方并且因此定位在座椅底部42下方(图32)。此外,壳体构件356可以沿着中心线CL大致纵向地延伸。在一个实施方式中,壳体构件356可以是限定第一空气导管302的一部分和第二空气导管304的一部分的吹塑模制部件。说明性地,壳体构件356包括定位在第一构件318a与第二构件318b中间的壁或分隔构件357,该壁或分隔构件357保持第一空气导管302与第二空气导管304之间的分隔,使得流动穿过第一空气导管302的空气不与流动穿过第二空气导管304的空气混合或扫气。因此,通过包括挡板357,第一空气导管302和第二空气导管304不会缺乏空气,并且来自第一导管302和第二导管304中的一者的空气不再循环穿过第一导管302和第二导管304中的另一者。类似地,在一个实施方式中,第一构件314a、314b也可以容纳在单个壳体构件或一体式壳体构件内并且由挡板隔开。
此外,挡板357以及/或者壳体构件356的其他部分可以限定有槽形托架(routingtray)358以用于支承从前框架部分14至中间框架部分18和/或后框架部分16的多个管、导管或线材。在一个实施方式中,壳体构件356包括用于利用紧固件359将壳体构件356联接至车身32的过道构件或地板构件360的一体式联接构件,该一体式联接构件说明性地为突出件355。过道构件360可以延伸穿过操作者区域34的一部分并且通常隐藏车辆2的进气组件300、驱动轴295(图12)或其他部件的部分。替代性地,紧固件359可以将壳体356联接至下框架组件12的一部分。
入口306、308、第一构件314a、314b、第二构件316a、316b、第三构件318a、318b和/或第四构件320a、320b中的任一者可以包括过滤器构件(未示出)以用于过滤来自进入进气组件300的环境空气A的碎屑、污染物、颗粒或其他物质。此外,入口306、308、第一构件314a、314b、第二构件316a、316b、第三构件318a、318b和/或第四构件320a、320b中的任一者可以包括排水管路(未示出)以用于将水或其他流体从进气组件300排出。此外,可以调节或调整第一构件314a、314b、第二构件316a、316b、第三构件318a、318b和/或第四构件320a、320b中的任一者的尺寸、取向或位置以适应各种性能和/或噪音要求。
现在参照图38和图39,车辆2还包括排气组件362。排气组件362包括第一隔热罩364、排气歧管366、排气管道368、消音器或消声器370、第二隔热罩372、排气管或尾管374、说明性地为氧传感器的传感器376、第三隔热罩378和第四隔热罩380。在一个实施方式中,第一隔热罩364定位在排气歧管366的前方并且具有大致凹形或半圆形构型。排气歧管366由第三隔热罩378大致包围,第三隔热罩378由借助于套环382联接在一起的构件378a、378b、378c、378d、378e限定。第三隔热罩378还包围排气管道368的至少一部分。例如,至少构件378c、378d大致包围排气管道368的一部分。第四隔热罩380还包围排气管道368的一部分并且可以利用套环382联接至排气管道368和/或第三隔热罩378。
第二隔热罩372大致包围消音器370的至少一部分并且包括第一构件372a和第二构件372b。说明性地,第二构件372b定位在第一构件372a的前方,使得第二构件372b位于消音器370的外表面与第一构件372a的内表面中间。在一个实施方式中,第二隔热罩372的第一构件372a和/或第二构件372b可以由位于其中的多个不同的层构成。例如,第二隔热罩372的第一构件372a和/或第二构件372b可以由六层隔离材料构成。通过设置第一隔热罩364、第二隔热罩372、第三隔热罩378和第四隔热罩380,由排气组件362散发的热不会影响车辆2的其他部件。
参照图40至图49,车辆2的后货物区域30被支承在后框架部分16上,并且更具体地被支承在上纵向构件80上。后货物区域30包括货物箱384、货物箱框架386和倾斜组件388,该倾斜组件388包括具有气动缸或液压缸392和活塞394的减振器390。此外,倾斜组件388包括安装构件396、销398、紧固件400和衬套399。如图3中所示,后货物区域30定位在排气组件362上方,并且货物箱框架386可以在货物箱384处于降低位置时大致平行于后框架部分16的上纵向构件80。
如图40至图43B中所示,货物箱384构造成在降低位置(图3)与升高位置或倾斜位置(图40)之间枢转,其中,在降低位置,货物箱384的货物表面422大致平行于地面,在升高位置或倾斜位置,货物表面422相对于地面成角度。更具体地,货物箱384利用倾斜组件388的安装构件396以枢转的方式联接至上纵向构件80。安装构件396联接至货物箱框架386并且安装构件396构造成穿过其中的孔而接纳销398。销398接纳穿过被支承在上纵向构件80的后端部上的衬套399,并且销398利用紧固件400紧固至衬套399和安装构件396。因此,货物箱384构造成绕销398在降低位置与升高位置之间枢转。如图40和图43中所示,货物箱384构造成在排气组件362上方枢转并且更具体地在消音器370上方枢转。特别地,货物箱384的由销398和衬套399限定的枢转点定位在消音器370的中线ML(图43B)的前方。通过将货物箱384的枢转点定位在消音器370上方并且定位在中线ML的前方而不是在消音器370的中线ML的后方,下框架组件12的长度保持相同并且不需要被延长来适应货物箱384的枢转运动。此外,如图40中所示,第二隔热罩372定位成紧邻消音器370使得第二隔热罩372靠近消音器370的外表面。以此方式,提供额外的间隙以使货物箱384倾斜,而不会使货物箱接触第二隔热罩372。
倾斜组件388可以防止货物箱384在处于升高位置时与消音器370或者排气组件362的另一部件相接触。更具体地,减振器390可以用于帮助使货物箱384在升高位置与降低位置之间枢转。说明性地,减振器390的上端部借助于销402以可枢转的方式联接至货物箱框架386,并且减振器390的下端部借助于销404以可枢转的方式联接至后框架部分16的支架406。以此方式,减振器390构造成在升高及降低货物箱384时相对于后框架部分16和货物箱框架386枢转。在一个实施方式中,减振器390构造成将货物箱384升高至预定高度和角度,以避免使货物箱384过度枢转至货物箱384与车辆2的其他部件例如排气组件362相接触的位置。此外,如图47中所示,后货物区域30可以包括杆424以在升高及降低货物箱384时致动减振器390。
替代性地,在没有设置减振器390的情况下,货物箱384仍被防止过度枢转至货物箱384与排气组件362的一部分相接触的位置。例如,货物箱框架386包括止挡构件408,该止挡构件408定位在间隙387内,该间隙387限定在货物箱384的底表面385与车辆的包括后框架部分16的封闭件389之间(图43A)。止挡构件408构造成在货物箱384处于升高位置时与后框架部分16的上纵向构件80的接合表面410相接触。因此,止挡构件408与接合表面410之间的协作在使货物箱384倾斜时提供硬止挡,使得货物箱384不过度枢转并且不与排气组件362的任何部件相接触。因此,在具有减振器390和不具有减振器390的这两种情况下,货物箱384在处于升高位置及降低位置时保持与排气组件362间隔开。替代性地,上纵向构件80可以包括止挡构件408,使得止挡构件408可以构造成与货物箱框架386上的接合表面相接触。
参照图44至图46,后货物区域30可以包括以可旋转的方式联接至货物箱384的后挡板412。说明性的后挡板412包括外构件414、内构件416以及定位在外构件414与内构件416之间的中间构件418。内构件416和外构件414可以由聚合物材料构成,并且中间构件418可以由聚合物和/或金属材料构成。外构件414、内构件416和中间构件418利用多个紧固件419a联接在一起。替代性地,内构件416和中间构件418可以利用紧固件419a联接在一起,并且外构件414可以构造成借助于多个摩擦配合紧固件419b卡扣到中间构件418上。外构件414、内构件416和中间构件418构造成在升高位置与降低位置之间一起旋转,以将货物添加至货物箱384或者将货物从货物箱384移除。条带420联接至内构件416和货物箱384以在旋转至降低位置时将后挡板412保持处于预定位置。因此,条带420允许后挡板412在处于降低位置时保持处于水平构型以变成为货物箱384的货物表面422(图47)的延伸部,而不是旋转至货物箱384的货物表面422下方的位置。
闩锁构件436以可操作的方式联接至内构件416并且延伸穿过中间构件418中的开口438和外构件414中的开口440。闩锁构件436锁定及释放后挡板412以允许后挡板412在升高位置与降低位置之间枢转。
参照图47,货物箱384还包括货物箱384的侧壁426和前壁427,侧壁426定位成大致垂直于后挡板412。在一个实施方式中,侧壁426包括至少一个贮存区域428。贮存区域428可以一体地形成在侧壁426内并且可以用于容纳各种物体,比如跨接线缆、拖绳、工具、操作者和/或乘客的个人物品以及可以定位在贮存区域428内的其他物品。为了容纳定位在贮存区域428内的货物,覆盖件430可以以可旋转的方式联接至侧壁426。更具体地,覆盖件430可以包括闩锁构件432,闩锁构件432在覆盖件430处于升高位置并且货物被容纳在贮存区域428内时接纳在侧壁426上的凹部433内。此外,铰链构件434与覆盖件430上的铰链构件(未示出)联接以允许覆盖件430在升高位置与降低位置之间旋转,在降低位置,贮存区域428被露出。说明性地,由于贮存区域428一体地形成在货物箱384的侧壁426内,因此贮存区域428构造成与货物箱384一起枢转。
通过在货物箱384的侧壁426中包括有贮存区域428,可以不减小货物箱384的尺寸来适应额外的贮存。例如,货物箱384可以在纵向方向上延伸约20英寸至35英寸,在横向方向上于侧壁426的内表面之间延伸约40英寸至50英寸,在横向方向上于侧壁426的外表面之间延伸约55英寸至65英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约5英寸至15英寸。说明性地,货物箱384在纵向方向上延伸约27英寸,在横向方向上于侧壁426的内表面之间延伸约45英寸,在横向方向上于侧壁426的外表面之间延伸约60英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约12英寸。
后货物区域30的替代性实施方式在图48至图50中被示出为后货物区域30’。后货物区域30’包括具有前壁427’、侧壁426’和货物表面422’的货物箱384’。货物构造成定位在货物表面422’上并且容纳在侧壁426’与前壁427’之间。此外,后货物区域30’包括贮存区域428’,贮存区域428’定位在货物箱384’的一个横向侧或两个横向侧以用于容纳后货物区域30’中的额外货物。贮存区域428’可以以可移除的方式联接至后框架部分16。贮存区域428’包括覆盖件430’,覆盖件430’能够绕铰链构件434’在贮存区域428’被露出的升高位置与货物被容纳在贮存区域428’内的降低位置之间旋转。覆盖件430’抵靠贮存区域428’进行密封,使得贮存区域428’限定后货物区域30’的干燥贮存。
货物箱384’的货物表面422’构造成在升高位置与降低位置之间倾斜。然而,贮存区域428’相对于货物表面422’和下框架组件12保持静止,并且贮存区域428’没有构造成与货物箱384’一起枢转。因此,贮存区域428’内的货物保持静止,而货物箱384’内的货物与货物箱384’一起枢转。以此方式,货物箱384’包括第一贮存区域和第二货物区域,其中,第一贮存区域由货物表面422’限定并且第一贮存区域构造成相对于下框架组件12枢转,第二货物区域由贮存区域428’限定并且第二贮存区域固定至下框架组件。
此外,如图50中所示,由于贮存区域428’以可移除的方式联接至后框架部分16,因此货物箱384’的侧壁426’可以构造成横向地枢转以限定全尺寸的平板式货物箱。更具体地,侧壁426’包括延伸部分442,延伸部分442在贮存区域428’被包括在车辆2上时被接纳在前壁427’的横向端部内。然而,当贮存区域428’被从车辆2移除时,侧壁426’从前壁427’横向向外地枢转以露出延伸部分442,使得延伸部分442限定前壁427’的延伸部并且侧壁426’限定货物表面422’的延伸部。当处于图50中示出的延伸位置时,侧壁426’和延伸部分442构造成与货物表面422’一起在升高位置与降低位置之间倾斜。
在一个实施方式中,每个贮存区域428’均在纵向方向上延伸约20英寸至35英寸,在横向方向上延伸约5英寸至12英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约5英寸至15英寸。说明性地,每个贮存区域428’均在纵向方向上延伸约28英寸,在横向方向上延伸约8.5英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约10英寸。此外,当贮存区域428’被包括在车辆2上时,货物箱384’在纵向方向上延伸约20英寸至35英寸,在横向方向上延伸约30英寸至40英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约5英寸至15英寸。说明性地,货物箱384’在纵向方向上延伸约28英寸,在横向方向上延伸约36英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约10英寸。然而,当贮存区域428’被移除并且侧壁426’被枢转至降低位置使得延伸部分442被露出时,货物箱384’可以在纵向方向上延伸约28英寸,在横向方向上延伸约56英寸,并且在竖向方向上延伸约10英寸。
尽管本发明已经被描述为具有示例性设计,但是本发明还可以在本公开的精神和范围内进行进一步修改。因此,本申请意在涵盖本发明的利用了其一般原理的任何变型、用途或改型。此外,本申请意在涵盖脱离本公开范围但处于本发明所属领域中已知的或惯用的实践的范围内的内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种车辆,包括:多个地面接合构件;框架组件,所述框架组件由所述地面接合构件支承并且包括下框架部分和上框架部分,所述上框架部分联接至所述下框架部分以限定操作者区域,所述上框架部分包括限定所述操作者区域的前向范围的至少一个前竖立构件以及限定所述操作者区域的后向范围的至少一个后竖立构件;座椅,所述座椅定位在所述操作者区域内并且由所述框架组件支承,所述座椅包括座椅底部、座椅靠背以及定位在所述座椅靠背上方的头枕;第一开口,所述第一开口沿着所述车辆的第一侧部限定在所述上框架部分的所述前竖立构件与所述后竖立构件之间以进入及离开所述操作者区域,并且所述第一开口具有从所述第一开口的前端部延伸至后端部的第一纵向长度;以及第一门,所述第一门定位在所述第一开口内并且所述第一门具有与所述第一开口的纵向长度大致相等的纵向长度,所述第一门具有上部部分,所述上部部分沿着所述上框架部分的一部分延伸并且所述上部部分邻近于所述座椅靠背的一部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆,还包括:第二开口,所述第二开口沿着所述车辆的第二侧部限定以进入及离开所述操作者区域,并且所述第二开口具有从所述第二开口的前端部延伸至后端部的第二纵向长度;以及第二门,所述第二门定位在所述第二开口内并且具有与所述第二开口的纵向长度大致相等的纵向长度,所述第二门具有上部部分,该上部部分沿着所述上框架部分的一部分延伸并且该上部部分邻近于所述座椅靠背的一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆,其中,所述第一门的上部部分和所述第二门的上部部分两者均定位在所述头枕下方。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车辆,其中,所述第一门和所述第二门中的每一者均包括外面板、内面板和框架构件,所述框架构件定位在所述外面板与所述内面板中间,并且所述框架构件是压铸而成的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆,其中,所述第一门的框架构件包括部分地限定所述第一门的上部部分的上端部,并且所述框架构件的上端部包括安装表面以用于联接至所述第一门的附件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆,其中,所述附件构造成定位在所述第一门上方。
7.根据权利要求4所述的车辆,其中,所述下框架部分包括支架,并且其中,所述第一门和所述第二门中的每一者均包括联接至所述框架构件的至少一个铰链构件,所述至少一个铰链构件包括竖向对准孔,所述竖向对准孔构造成与所述框架组件的所述支架上的竖向对准孔相对应。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆,还包括紧固件,所述紧固件构造成穿过所述至少一个铰链构件的竖向对准孔和所述框架组件的所述支架上的竖向对准孔而被竖向地接纳。
9.根据权利要求4所述的车辆,其中,所述第一门和所述第二门中的每一者的框架构件包括上端部,该上端部与所述上框架部分的限定所述第一门和所述第二门中的该一者的上端部的部分对准。
10.根据权利要求4所述的车辆,还包括多个紧固件,并且所述多个紧固件中的每个紧固件均在所述内面板、所述框架构件以及所述外面板之间延伸。
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