JP6153917B2 - ディスプレイ装置を制御するための回路 - Google Patents
ディスプレイ装置を制御するための回路 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6153917B2 JP6153917B2 JP2014241435A JP2014241435A JP6153917B2 JP 6153917 B2 JP6153917 B2 JP 6153917B2 JP 2014241435 A JP2014241435 A JP 2014241435A JP 2014241435 A JP2014241435 A JP 2014241435A JP 6153917 B2 JP6153917 B2 JP 6153917B2
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
- G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/3473—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on light coupled out of a light guide, e.g. due to scattering, by contracting the light guide with external means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2010年2月2日に出願され、「Display Methods and Apparatus」という名称を有し、参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれている米国仮出願第61/300735号明細書および利益を主張するものである。
一実施形態では、ローディング段階、更新段階、および照明段階の各々はすべて、互いに時間が少なくとも部分的に重畳する。一実施形態では、ローディング段階、更新段階、および照明段階の少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つの他の段階と時間が部分的に重畳する。一態様では、ディスプレイは、透明基板上に組み立てられる。一態様では、ディスプレイは、MEMS光変調器のアレイを含む。一態様では、ディスプレイは、シャッタ方式光変調器のアレイを含む。
人間の脳は、たとえば20Hzを超える周波数で急激に変化する画像を見たことに応答して、対応する期間内に表示される画像の組合せである画像を知覚するように画像同士を平均化する。この現象を利用すれば、当技術分野においてフィールド色順次と呼ばれる技術を使用して、ディスプレイの画素ごとに単一の光変調器のみを使用しつつ、カラー画像を表示することができる。ディスプレイにフィールド色順次技術を使用すると、カラーフィルタおよび画素当たりに複数の光変調器が不要になる。フィールド色順次が可能なディスプレイでは、表示すべき画像フレームが、各々が元の画像フレームの特定の色成分(たとえば、赤色、緑色、または青色)に対応するいくつかのサブフレーム画像に分割される。ディスプレイの光変調器は、サブフレーム画像ごとに、色成分の画像への寄与度に対応する状態に設定される。次いで、光変調器は、対応する色のランプによって照明される。サブ画像は、脳が一連のサブフレーム画像を単一の画像として知覚するのに十分な周波数(たとえば、60Hzを超える周波数)で順次表示される。サブフレームを生成するのに使用されるデータは、様々なメモリ構成要素に分割されることが多い。たとえば、ディスプレイによっては、ディスプレイの所与の行用のデータが、その行専用のシフトレジスタに維持される。画像データは、固定クロックサイクルに応じて、各シフトレジスタに入り、そのシフトレジスタから出てディスプレイのその行における対応する列の光変調器に移る。
図2Aは、本発明の例示的な実施形態による図1AのMEMS方式ディスプレイ装置100に組み込むのに適した例示的なシャッタ方式光変調器200の斜視図である。シャッタ方式光変調器200(シャッタ組立体200とも呼ばれる)は、アクチュエータ204に結合されたシャッタ202を含む。アクチュエータ204は、2007年9月18日に出願された米国特許第7271945号明細書に記載された2つの別個の適合電極ビームアクチュエータ205(「アクチュエータ205」)から形成されている。シャッタ202は一方の側においてアクチュエータ205に結合されている。アクチュエータ205は、シャッタ202を、表面203の上方において、表面203に実質的に平行な運動面内を横方向に移動させる。シャッタ202の反対側は、アクチュエータ204によって加えられる力に対抗する復元力を加えるばね207に結合されている。
ステップ2486の結果として、制御マトリックス2440内のすべてのシャッタ組立体2444のすべてのシャッタ閉アクチュエータに同時に電圧Vatが印加される。次に、ステップ2487において、共通駆動配線2462上の電位が接地される。この第1の制御論理(シャッタ共通電位2455がグランドに近い値に保持される)では、共通駆動配線2462が接地されたことによって、すべてのシャッタ組立体2444のすべてのシャッタ開アクチュエータにわたる電圧降下が維持電圧Vmよりも実質的に小さい値に低減される。制御マトリックス2440は次いで、すべてのアクチュエータが作動する(ステップ2488)のに十分な期間にわたってこれらの作動電圧を(ステップ2486およびステップ2487から)引き続き維持する。方法2470において示される実施例では、ステップ2488はすべてのアクチュエータを初期状態にリセットし閉じる働きをする。しかし、リセットステップ2488がすべてのシャッタを開く働きをする方法2470の代替方法が考えられる。この場合、共通駆動配線2462はすべてのシャッタ組立体2444のシャッタ閉アクチュエータに電気的に接続される。
あるアルゴリズムを使用して、ある画素アドレス指定段階、回路駆動段階、およびランプ照明段階を重畳させることによってディスプレイデバイスの効率を向上させてもよい。表示輝度および電力効率のような点が向上するだけでなく、このような重畳アルゴリズムではディスプレイを時間に対してより効率的にアドレス指定し作動させることができるので、三次元画像の表示に使用される両目用の画像を作成する追加的な時間が得られる。このようなアルゴリズムについて以下に、参照により本明細書に組み込まれている米国特許出願第11/811842号明細書、米国特許出願第12/652477号明細書、米国特許出願第11/643042号明細書、および米国特許出願第11/326900号明細書に開示されているような上述の回路に関して説明する。以下のアルゴリズムの利益を被るこのような回路の2つの実施例が上記に、S−ラッチドライブと呼ばれる図5Aの制御マトリックス500およびハイブリッドドライブと呼ばれる図6の制御マトリックス2440として記載されている。当業者には、参照された特許出願に開示された回路だけでなく他の回路に後述のアルゴリズムを適用してもよいことが理解されよう。また、当業者には、本明細書において説明するアルゴリズムをMEMSシャッタだけでなく他の光変調器を駆動するのに使用してもよいことが理解されよう。たとえば、エレクトロウェッティング光変調器、光タップ光変調器、およびLCD光変調器のような他の光変調器を本明細書において説明するアルゴリズムと組み合わせて使用してもよい。
102a〜102d 光変調器
103 アレイ
104 画像
105 ランプ
106 画素
108 シャッタ
109 開口
110、112、114 配線
150 ブロック図
152 スキャンドライバ
153 共通ドライバ
154 データドライバ
156 デジタルコントローラ回路
157 受信画像信号
158 受信処理モジュール
159 フレームバッファ
160 タイミング制御モジュール
162 赤色ランプ
164 緑色ランプ
166 青色ランプ
167 白色ランプ
168 ランプドライバ
180 プログラミングリンク
182 電力供給入力
200 シャッタ方式光変調器
202 シャッタ
203 表面
204 アクチュエータ
205 電極ビームアクチュエータ
206 適合ロードビーム
207 ばね
208 ロードアンカー
211 開口
216 適合駆動ビーム
218 駆動ビームアンカー
220 ローリングアクチュエータシャッタ方式光変調器
222 可動電極
224 絶縁層
226 平面電極
228 基板
230 固定端部
232 可動端部
250 光タップ変調器
252 光
254 光導波路
256 タップ部材
258 ビーム
260 電極
270 エレクトロウェッティング方式光変調器アレイ
272a〜272d エレクトロウェッティング方式光変調器セル
274 光学キャビティ
276 カラーフィルタ
278 水の層
280 光吸収オイルの層
282 透明電極
284 絶縁層
286 開口層
288 光導波路
290 前向き反射層
291 光リダイレクタ
292 光源
294 光
300 制御マトリックス
301 画素
302 シャッタ組立体
303 アクチュエータ
304 基板
306 スキャンライン配線
308 データ配線
309 データ電圧源
310 トランジスタ
312 キャパシタ
320 アレイ
322 開口層
324 開口
400 シャッタ方式光変調器
402、404 アクチュエータ
406 シャッタ
407 開口層
408 アンカー
409 開口
412 シャッタ開口
416 オーバーラップ
450 MEMS光変調器
452 カバーシート
454 光導波路
456 タップ部材
460、462、464 電極
470 第1のアクチュエータ
472 第2のアクチュエータ
500 制御マトリックス
502 シャッタ方式光変調器
503 シャッタ
504 画素
505 アンカー
506 作動ライン配線
508 表面開口
512 2段アクチュエータシャッタ組立体
514 光輝度強化膜
516 光導波路/バックライト
517 光リダイレクタ/プリズム
518 共通ライン配線
519 反射器
520 シャッタライン配線
521 光線
522 更新ライン配線
524 行ライン
526、528 トランジスタ
527 機械的支持体/スペーサ
530、532 トランジスタ
534 データローディングトランジスタ
536 更新トランジスタ
538 データ記憶キャパシタ
540、542 アクチュエータノード
800 段階図
802 データロード段階
804 グローバル更新段階
806 ランプ照明段階
820 タイミング図
822 ディスプレイ出力
824 シャッタ遷移
826 シャッタ位置
828 ランプ出力
830 グローバル更新
832 データロード段階
834 データロード信号
836 第1の信号段階
838 第2の信号段階
840 赤色ビット
842 緑色ビット
844 データロード信号
846 第1の信号段階
848 第2の信号段階
850 青色ビット
852 遅延時間
854 シャッタ切替え期間
856 ランプ消去時間
900 段階図
902 ランプ照明段階
904 データロード段階
906 グローバル更新段階
908 ランプ照明段階
910 データロード段階
920 タイミング図
934、944、952 データ信号
940、942、950 ランプ出力
1000 段階図
1002 ランプ照明段階
1004 データロード段階
1006 グローバル更新段階
1008 ランプ照明段階
1020 タイミング図
1034、1044、1052 データロード信号
1036、1046、1054 グローバル更新信号
1040、1042、1050 ランプ出力
1100 段階図
1102 ランプ照明段階
1104 データロード段階
1106 グローバル更新段階
1108 データロード段階
1110 ランプ照明段階
1120 タイミング図
1138、1144、1152 データロード信号
1136、1148、1154 グローバル更新信号
1200 段階図
1202 ランプ照明段階
1204 データロード段階
1206 グローバル更新段階
1208 ランプ照明段階
1220 タイミング図
1236、1238、1246、1248、1254、1256 グローバル更新信号
1240、1242、1250 ランプ信号
1300 段階図
1302 ランプ照明段階
1304 データロード段階
1306 グローバル更新段階
1308 データロード段階
1310 ランプ照明段階
1320 タイミング図
1340、1342、1350 ランプ出力
2440 制御マトリックス
2442 画素
2444 2段アクチュエータシャッタ組立体
2446 スキャンライン配線
2448 データ配線
2450 充電配線
2454 グローバル作動配線
2455 シャッタ共通配線
2458 トランジスタ
2459 キャパシタ
2462 共通駆動配線
2470 方法
2472、2474、2476、2478、2479、2480、2481、2482、2484、2485、2486、2487、2488、2490、2492、2493、2494 ステップ
2700 開口プレート
2702 基板
2704 金属反射鏡
2706 光吸収層
2708 スペーサポスト
2709 開口
2710 Si3N4の薄膜
2712 SiO2の薄膜
2714 アルミニウムの薄膜
2800 ディスプレイ組立体
2802 変調器基板
2804 開口プレート
2806 シャッタ組立体
2808 反射開口層
2810 開口
2812 スペーサ
2814 スペーサ
3100 ディスプレイ組立体
3300 位置合わせ装置
3302 固定チャック
3304 モータ
3305 ビジョンシステム
3306 UV露光ランプ
3308 変調器基板
3310 開口プレート
3312、3313 撮像レンズ
3314、3315 顕微鏡/カメラ
3318 接着剤
3402 光変調器基板
3404 開口プレート
3406 変調器アレイ
3408、3412 位置合わせマーク
3410 開口アレイ
3414 エポキシ接着剤ライン
3416 スペーサポスト
3418 フィルホール
3500 パネル組立体
3502 ダイシングライン
3504 軸
3606 制御マトリックスの製造ステップ
3608 MEMS変調器の製造ステップ
3610 開口層の製造ステップ
3612 スペーサの塗布ステップ
3614 シール材料の塗布ステップ
3700 流体充填装置
3702 真空チャンバ
3704 作動流体
3706 ワンド
3708、3710 ポート
4100 MEMSディスプレイセル
4102、4104 基板
4104 開口プレート
4106 エッジシール
4108、4110 スペーサ
4300 ディスプレイ組立体
4306 エッジシール
4308、4310 スペーサ
Claims (11)
- ディスプレイであって、
画素のアレイであって、前記画素のそれぞれが対応する遮光部材を有する、画素のアレイと、
前記ディスプレイ上に画像を形成するように、前記画素の方へ光を送るための1つまたは複数の光源と、
コントローラであって、
ランプ照明段階の間に前記光源のうちの1つまたは複数を照明することと、
更新段階の間に前記遮光部材を作動させることであって、第1の画像データの前記ランプ照明段階は、第2の画像データの前記更新段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第2の画像データは前記第1の画像データに後続し、前記更新段階は、
第1の状態への前記画素の第1の遷移であって、前記第1の状態はリセット状態である、第1の遷移と、
前記第1の状態から第2の状態への前記画素の第2の遷移であって、前記第2の遷移は前記第1の遷移の後に発生し、前記第2の状態は、前記第2の画像データの画素値に対応するように前記遮光部材が作動後の状態であり、前記第2の遷移は、前記ランプ照明段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、第2の遷移と
のみからなる、作動させることと、
データローディング段階の間に前記画素のアレイに画像データをロードすることと
を行うように、データを供給することが可能なコントローラと
を備える、ディスプレイ。 - 前記リセット状態への前記画素の前記第1の遷移は、前記画素の前記遮光部材をリセット位置に位置させることを含む、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ。
- 第3の画像データの前記データローディング段階が、前記第2の画像データの前記ランプ照明段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第3の画像データは前記第2の画像データに後続する、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記第3の画像データの前記更新段階は、前記第3の画像データの前記データローディング段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、請求項3に記載のディスプレイ。
- ディスプレイを動作させる方法であって、
コントローラによって、ランプ照明段階の間に前記ディスプレイ上に画像を形成するように画素の方へ光を送るために、前記ディスプレイの1つまたは複数の光源を照明するステップと、
前記コントローラによって、更新段階の間に前記画素の遮光部材を作動させるステップであって、前記画素のそれぞれが、対応する前記遮光部材を有し、第1の画像データの前記ランプ照明段階は、第2の画像データの前記更新段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第2の画像データは前記第1の画像データに後続し、前記更新段階は、
第1の状態への前記画素の第1の遷移であって、前記第1の状態はリセット状態である、第1の遷移と、
前記第1の状態から第2の状態への前記画素の第2の遷移であって、前記第2の遷移は前記第1の遷移の後に発生し、前記第2の状態は、前記第2の画像データの画素値に対応するように前記遮光部材が作動後の状態であり、前記第2の遷移は、前記ランプ照明段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、第2の遷移と
のみからなる、ステップと、
前記コントローラによって、データローディング段階の間に前記画素のアレイに画像データをロードするステップと
を備える、方法。 - 前記リセット状態への前記画素の前記第1の遷移は、前記画素の前記遮光部材をリセット位置に位置させることを備える、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 第3の画像データの前記データローディング段階が、前記第2の画像データの前記ランプ照明段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第3の画像データは前記第2の画像データに後続する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の画像データの前記更新段階は、前記第3の画像データの前記データローディング段階と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、作動させるステップをさらに備える、請求項7に記載の方法。
- ランプ照明動作の間にディスプレイの1つまたは複数の光源を照明することと、
更新動作の間に画素に対応する遮光部材を作動させることであって、第1の画像データの前記ランプ照明動作は、第2の画像データの前記更新動作と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第2の画像データは前記第1の画像データに後続し、前記更新動作は、
第1の状態への前記画素の第1の遷移であって、前記第1の状態はリセット状態である、第1の遷移と、
前記第1の状態から第2の状態への前記画素の第2の遷移であって、前記第2の遷移は前記第1の遷移の後に発生し、前記第2の状態は、前記第2の画像データの画素値に対応するように前記遮光部材が作動後の状態であり、前記第2の遷移は、前記ランプ照明動作と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、第2の遷移と
のみからなる、作動させることと、
データローディング動作の間に前記ディスプレイの前記画素のアレイに画像データをロードすることと
が可能な、回路。 - 第3の画像データの前記データローディング動作は、前記第2の画像データの前記ランプ照明動作と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳し、前記第3の画像データは前記第2の画像データに後続する、請求項9に記載の回路。
- 前記第3の画像データの前記更新動作は、前記第3の画像データの前記データローディング動作と少なくとも一部が時間的に重畳する、請求項10に記載の回路。
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WO2011097258A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
CN104916258A (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
CN104916258B (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
JP2015045884A (ja) | 2015-03-12 |
KR20150121260A (ko) | 2015-10-28 |
US9530344B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
EP2531997A1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
JP2013050731A (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
JP2013519122A (ja) | 2013-05-23 |
KR20120139854A (ko) | 2012-12-27 |
CN102834859A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
JP5662406B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
BR112012019383A2 (pt) | 2017-09-12 |
KR101659642B1 (ko) | 2016-09-26 |
CN103000141A (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
US20150294613A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
US20110148948A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
CN102834859B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
CN103000141B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
KR20120139702A (ko) | 2012-12-27 |
KR101798312B1 (ko) | 2017-11-15 |
US9087486B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
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