EP1420125B1 - Ensemble consistant en deux panneaux de construction interconnectables et un insert pour verrouiller ces panneaux - Google Patents
Ensemble consistant en deux panneaux de construction interconnectables et un insert pour verrouiller ces panneaux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1420125B1 EP1420125B1 EP03004606A EP03004606A EP1420125B1 EP 1420125 B1 EP1420125 B1 EP 1420125B1 EP 03004606 A EP03004606 A EP 03004606A EP 03004606 A EP03004606 A EP 03004606A EP 1420125 B1 EP1420125 B1 EP 1420125B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panels
- insert
- groove
- interconnected
- recesses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
- E04F15/181—Insulating layers integrally formed with the flooring or the flooring elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
- E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/026—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. being stepped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0529—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape the interlocking key acting as a dovetail-type key
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
- E04F2290/043—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a bottom layer for sound insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device consisting of two interconnected construction panels with an insert for locking the interconnected building panels, in particular floor panels, with a core of wood material, wherein the building panels at least one edge with a groove and at the opposite edge with a groove to the Corresponding spring are provided, wherein the two plates are connected to each other by a horizontal joining movement and thereby locked by the spring-groove connection in a vertical direction and wherein the spring and the groove are provided with at least one recess, wherein the recesses in the spring and in the groove are aligned in the vertical direction, wherein in interconnected plates, the recesses are substantially opposite, and the insert engages in the recesses, so that the plates are lockable in the horizontal direction.
- Such a device is for example from the DE-U-200 21 779 known.
- the spring of a plate is inserted into the groove of the other plate and then the insert causing the locking is inserted end face into the opposite recesses of spring and groove, which form a channel.
- connection The durability of the connection is high, laying but quite tedious and time consuming. If the insert is not pushed completely into the channel and protrudes, further panels on the front side can no longer be created exactly and a joint results on the surface of the laid floor, which results in an undesired appearance. In addition, there is a risk that moisture penetrates into the joint and the core of the plates swells.
- the post-published DE-A-102 30 819 which are essentially also the post-published EP-A-1 367 194 corresponds, also discloses a device in which two floor panels made of a wood material can be locked together via a front insertable insert in the horizontal direction.
- the insert is formed in cross-section x-shaped. When inserting the locking element into the opposing grooves, the legs of the insert are compressed and additionally hold the butt joint of the two panels close together and thus tight against dirt and moisture.
- the post-published DE-A-102 43 196 discloses panels which are interconnected via a connection clip.
- the connecting bracket is provided with barbs acting in a horizontal plane which engage corresponding undercuts in the panels.
- Isolation plates which can be locked to each other via a tongue and groove connection in the vertical direction.
- the locking in the horizontal direction via a protrusion provided on a projection which engages in a recess provided in an insert.
- the attachment is placed on the lower lip of one panel and introduced the insert in the other panel.
- These inserts are made of a different material than the panels.
- the locking can also be done via a clip which engages in opposing grooves of the essay or the insert.
- a generic device is characterized in that the insert has resilient lips which are arranged in an X-shape and the insert is inserted into the recess of a plate so that it by the horizontal joining movement of the plates in the opposite recess other plate is latched.
- the insert provided with x-shaped, resilient lips offers the advantage that it can first be inserted into one of the recesses and the plates can then be snapped into one another, because the resilient lips can dodge or be compressed and spring back when the corresponding Recess on the spring or the groove passes to cover. Like a barb, the resilient lips engage in the recesses and lock the plates in the horizontal direction.
- the insert can be factory set in one of the recesses and secured therein.
- the connection of the plates is just as easily possible, as in the so-called click or snap profiles, in which the locking means are integrally formed with the spring or the groove.
- the insert is preferably designed as a plastic injection-molded part, so that a cost-effective and simple production is possible. It can also be extruded. An appropriate selection of materials ensures that forces acting on the plates during normal use do not lead to deformation of the spring lip and thus to the release of the connection.
- FIG. 1 shows two interconnected floor panels 1, 2, which are locked together via the seated in the groove 4 of a panel 2 spring 3 of the other panel 1 in the vertical direction V.
- a recess 5 is provided, which corresponds to a recess 3 provided in the spring 6.
- the locking in the horizontal direction is effected by the cross-sectionally X-shaped insert 7 with 4 resilient lips 7 I , 7 II , 7 III , 7 IV .
- the insert 7 is factory inserted into the recess 6 or the recess 5 and preferably glued therein.
- the lips 7 I , 7 II , or 7 III , 7 IV spring towards each other, then bend laterally and if the corresponding recess in the upper lip 8 or the spring 3 overlaps comes with the resilient lips 7 I , 7 II , 7 III , 7 IV , they spring back again.
- the panels 1a, 2a are provided with a vertical groove 4a and a spring 3a.
- a profile design is often referred to as a laying profile, because the panels 1a, 2a are not connected to each other by horizontal displacement, but by vertical insertion.
- the panels 1a, 2a are locked in the horizontal direction H via the spring-groove connection.
- the spring 3a a rectangular cross-section groove is milled on the front side over the full length.
- a recess 5 is milled over the full length of the panel 1a opposite thereto.
- the insert 7 is provided with a rectangular cross-section core 7a, which is inserted into the groove in the spring 3 factory.
- the core is followed by a V-shaped lip, which ends in a resilient lip 7 I. If the two panels 1 a, 2 a put together, the resilient lip 1 a is applied to the core 7 a of the insert 7 and springs back in the horizontal direction H, when the spring 3 a is so far immersed in the groove 4 a, that the recess 5 for Cover with the sentence 7 arrives. In the vertical direction V, the panels 1a, 2a are then locked.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Claims (3)
- - Ensemble constitué par deux panneaux de construction (1, 2) interconnectables et un insert pour verrouiller les panneaux interconnectés (1, 2) en particulier des panneaux de plancher comportant un noyau à base de bois, dans lequel les panneaux de construction (1, 2) présentent au moins un bord comportant une rainure (4) et sur le bord opposé une languette (3) destinée à correspondre à la rainure (4), dans lequel les deux panneaux (1, 2) peuvent être connectés ensemble selon un mouvement horizontal de jointoiement et de ce fait peuvent être verrouillés dans une direction verticale (V) grâce à la liaison languette-rainure et dans lequel la languette (3) et la rainure (4) sont pourvues d'au moins un évidement (5, 6), les évidements (5, 6) prévus dans la languette (3) et dans la rainure (4) étant agencés suivant la direction verticale (V), les évidements étant sensiblement opposés lorsque les panneaux (1, 2) sont reliés l'un à l'autre et l'insert (7) est engagé dans les évidements (5, 6) de telle sorte que les panneaux (1, 2) peuvent être verrouillés dans la direction horizontale (H), caractérisé en ce que l'insert (7) présente des lèvres élastiques (7I, 7II, 7III, 7IV) qui sont associées ensemble pour former un x et l'insert (7) peut être inséré dans l'évidement (5, 6) de l'un des panneaux (1, 2) de telle sorte qu'il puisse, par le mouvement de jointoiement horizontal des panneaux, s'encliqueter dans les évidements opposés (6, 5) de l'autre panneau.
- - Ensemble selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (7) est inséré à l'usine dans l'un des évidements (5, 6) et est fixé dans celui-ci.
- - Ensemble selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'insert est une pièce moulée par injection en matière synthétique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10253236 | 2002-11-15 | ||
DE10253236.2A DE10253236B4 (de) | 2002-07-08 | 2002-11-15 | Fussbodenpaneel und Verfahren zum Verlegen eines Fussbodenpaneels |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1420125A2 EP1420125A2 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
EP1420125A3 EP1420125A3 (fr) | 2005-05-11 |
EP1420125B1 true EP1420125B1 (fr) | 2008-05-14 |
Family
ID=32115530
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03004606A Expired - Lifetime EP1420125B1 (fr) | 2002-11-15 | 2003-03-01 | Ensemble consistant en deux panneaux de construction interconnectables et un insert pour verrouiller ces panneaux |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7484337B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1420125B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE395481T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE50309830D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2307840T3 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8381477B2 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2013-02-26 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking of floor panels with a flexible tongue |
US8997430B1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2015-04-07 | Spanolux N.V.-Div. Balterio | Floor panel assembly |
DE102017110880A1 (de) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Verriegeln zweier Bodenpaneele |
WO2018211054A1 (fr) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Système pour encliqueter deux panneaux de sol |
DE102017110878A1 (de) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Verriegeln zweier Bodenpaneele |
EP3859098B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-23 | 2024-02-28 | Flooring Industries Limited, SARL | Panneau de plancher |
Families Citing this family (125)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE514645C2 (sv) | 1998-10-06 | 2001-03-26 | Perstorp Flooring Ab | Golvbeläggningsmaterial innefattande skivformiga golvelement avsedda att sammanfogas av separata sammanfogningsprofiler |
SE518184C2 (sv) | 2000-03-31 | 2002-09-03 | Perstorp Flooring Ab | Golvbeläggningsmaterial innefattande skivformiga golvelement vilka sammanfogas med hjälp av sammankopplingsorgan |
WO2003083234A1 (fr) | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Välinge Innovation AB | Systeme de blocage mecanique pour plancher flottant |
DE50309830D1 (de) | 2002-11-15 | 2008-06-26 | Flooring Technologies Ltd | Einrichtung bestehend aus zwei miteinander verbindbaren Bauplatten und einem Einsatz zum Verriegeln dieser Bauplatten |
US7162846B2 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2007-01-16 | Deere & Company | Joint structure for liquid or semi-liquid sealant |
US7886497B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2011-02-15 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Floorboard, system and method for forming a flooring, and a flooring formed thereof |
EP1555357A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-20 | Berry Finance Nv | Panneau de plancher |
DE202004015275U1 (de) * | 2004-09-17 | 2005-05-04 | Hdm Gmbh | Paneel, insbesondere Fußbodenpaneel |
US7861483B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2011-01-04 | Dirk Dammers | Floor panel with the tongue more elastic than the locking element |
US7454875B2 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2008-11-25 | Valinge Aluminium Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
US7841144B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2010-11-30 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking system for panels and method of installing same |
DE202005000887U1 (de) | 2005-01-19 | 2006-06-29 | Kronospan Technical Co. Ltd., Engomi | Verbindungselemente mit geformtem Klebstoffstrang |
US20130139478A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2013-06-06 | Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl | Methods for packaging floor panels, as well as packed set of floor panels |
BE1016938A6 (nl) | 2005-03-31 | 2007-10-02 | Flooring Ind Ltd | Werkwijzen voor het vervaardigen en verpakken van vloerpanelen, inrichtingen hierbij aangewend, alsmede vloerpaneel en verpakte set van vloerpanelen. |
US8061104B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-11-22 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
US8082717B2 (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2011-12-27 | Dirk Dammers | Panel, in particular floor panel |
US7849655B2 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2010-12-14 | Mannington Mills, Inc. | Connecting system for surface coverings |
DE102005059540A1 (de) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-06-14 | Bauer, Jörg R. | Lösbar aneinander zu befestigende, flächige Bauteile, sowie Bauteil |
DE202005014132U1 (de) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-01-25 | Tilo Gmbh | Paneel aus Holz |
KR100760334B1 (ko) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-09-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 패널 조립세트 및 이의 시공방법 |
DE102005061645B4 (de) * | 2005-12-22 | 2009-12-10 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Bodenbelag mit an beliebiger Stelle aus dem Verbund entfernbaren Paneelen |
CA2531430C (fr) * | 2005-12-23 | 2013-10-08 | Etobicoke Ironworks Limited | Plate-forme et crochet autobloquant d'echafaudage |
SE530653C2 (sv) | 2006-01-12 | 2008-07-29 | Vaelinge Innovation Ab | Fuktsäker golvskiva samt golv med ett elastiskt ytskikt omfattande ett dekorativt spår |
DE102006011887A1 (de) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-19 | Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh | Sperrelement, Paneel mit separatem Sperrelement, Verfahren zur Installation eines Paneelbelags aus Paneelen mit Sperrelementen sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vormontage eines Sperrelements an einem Paneel |
BE1017157A3 (nl) | 2006-06-02 | 2008-03-04 | Flooring Ind Ltd | Vloerbekleding, vloerelement en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van vloerelementen. |
SE533410C2 (sv) | 2006-07-11 | 2010-09-14 | Vaelinge Innovation Ab | Golvpaneler med mekaniska låssystem med en flexibel och förskjutbar tunga samt tunga därför |
CA2651702C (fr) * | 2006-08-18 | 2010-03-23 | Groupe Conseil Procd Inc. | Panneaux de fibres, leurs utilisations et leurs procedes de preparation |
US11725394B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2023-08-15 | Välinge Innovation AB | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
US8689512B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2014-04-08 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
SE531111C2 (sv) | 2006-12-08 | 2008-12-23 | Vaelinge Innovation Ab | Mekanisk låsning av golvpaneler |
CH703686B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-16 | 2012-03-15 | Pierre-Louis Zuber | Assemblage de lames de bois. |
US7712270B2 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2010-05-11 | Guevremont Clement | Building panel |
US20080301945A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-11 | Kelly Gibson | Method of forming rectangular panels for use in a panelling system |
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PL2235286T3 (pl) | 2007-11-07 | 2019-07-31 | Välinge Innovation AB | Mechaniczne blokowanie paneli podłogowych z pionową zakładką zatrzaskową i sposób montażu dla połączenia takich paneli |
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BE1018728A3 (nl) * | 2009-04-22 | 2011-07-05 | Flooring Ind Ltd Sarl | Vloerpaneel. |
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NL2003019C2 (nl) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-15 | 4Sight Innovation Bv | Vloerpaneel en vloerbedekking bestaande uit meerdere van dergelijke vloerpanelen. |
US8365499B2 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-02-05 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Resilient floor |
US11725395B2 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2023-08-15 | Välinge Innovation AB | Resilient floor |
CA3209449A1 (fr) | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Revetement de sol a conception verrouillee |
US8544230B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2013-10-01 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
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US8650826B2 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2014-02-18 | Valinge Flooring Technology Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
DE102012102339A1 (de) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh | Verbindung für elastische oder plattenförmige Bauelemente, Profilschieber und Fußbodenbelag |
US8763340B2 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2014-07-01 | Valinge Flooring Technology Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
US8769905B2 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2014-07-08 | Valinge Flooring Technology Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
US8857126B2 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2014-10-14 | Valinge Flooring Technology Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
BE1022209B1 (nl) | 2012-01-12 | 2016-03-01 | I.V.C. N.V. | Vloerpaneel |
FR2988275B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-21 | 2014-12-26 | Inovame | Caisson de meuble |
FR2988274A1 (fr) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-27 | Inovame | Caisson de meuble |
US9216541B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2015-12-22 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Method for producing a mechanical locking system for building panels |
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-
2003
- 2003-03-01 DE DE50309830T patent/DE50309830D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-01 EP EP03004606A patent/EP1420125B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-01 AT AT03004606T patent/ATE395481T1/de active
- 2003-03-01 ES ES03004606T patent/ES2307840T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-10 US US10/704,130 patent/US7484337B2/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-02-03 US US12/364,710 patent/US9169658B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8381477B2 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2013-02-26 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking of floor panels with a flexible tongue |
EP3859098B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-23 | 2024-02-28 | Flooring Industries Limited, SARL | Panneau de plancher |
US8997430B1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2015-04-07 | Spanolux N.V.-Div. Balterio | Floor panel assembly |
US9476208B2 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2016-10-25 | Spanolux N.V.—Div. Balterio | Floor panel assembly |
DE102017110880A1 (de) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Verriegeln zweier Bodenpaneele |
WO2018211054A1 (fr) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Système pour encliqueter deux panneaux de sol |
DE102017110878A1 (de) | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Falquon Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Verriegeln zweier Bodenpaneele |
DE102017110880B4 (de) | 2017-05-18 | 2022-04-21 | Falquon Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Verriegeln zweier Bodenpaneele |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50309830D1 (de) | 2008-06-26 |
ATE395481T1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1420125A2 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
ES2307840T3 (es) | 2008-12-01 |
US9169658B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
US20040128934A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
US7484337B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
US20090133358A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP1420125A3 (fr) | 2005-05-11 |
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