JP6680793B2 - 導波路回折格子デバイス - Google Patents
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- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
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- G02B27/4261—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive element with major polarization dependent properties
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- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1814—Diffraction gratings structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1819—Plural gratings positioned on the same surface, e.g. array of gratings
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- G02B5/1819—Plural gratings positioned on the same surface, e.g. array of gratings
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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Description
以下の特許出願は、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。「COMPACT EDGE ILLUMINATED DETRACTIVE DISPLAY」と題された米国特許出願第13/506,389号明細書、「OPTICAL DISPLAYS」と題された米国特許第8,233,204号明細書、「METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING A TRANSPARENT DISPLAY」と題されたPCT出願第US2006/043938号明細書、「WEARABLE DATA DISPLAY」と題されたPCT出願第GB2012/000677号明細書、「COMPACT EDGE ILLUMINATED EYEGLASS DISPLAY」と題された米国特許出願第13/317,468号明細書、「HOLOGRAPHIC WIDE ANGLE DISPLAY」と題された米国特許出願第13/869,866号明細書、「TRANSPARENT WAVEGUIDE DISPLAY」と題された米国特許出願第13/844,456号明細書、「LASER ILLUMINATION DEVICE」と題された米国特許第8,224,133号明細書、「LASER ILLUMINATION DEVICE」と題された米国特許第8,565,560号明細書、「HOLOGRAPHIC ILLUMINATION SYSTEM」と題された米国特許第6,115,152号明細書、「CONTACT IMAGE SENSOR USING SWITCHABLE BRAGG GRATINGS」と題されたPCT出願第PCT/GB2013/000005号明細書、「IMPROVEMENTS TO HOLOGRAPHIC POLYMER DISPERSED LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIALS AND DEVICES」と題されたPCT出願第PCT/GB2012/000680号明細書、「HOLOGRAPHIC WAVEGUIDE EYE TRACKER」と題されたPCT出願第PCT/GB2014/000197号明細書、「HOLOGRAPHIC WAVEGUIDE FOR TRACKING AN OBJECT IN 3D SPACE」と題された米国仮特許出願第62/071,534号明細書、「APPARATUS FOR EYE TRACKING」と題された第PCT/GB2013/000210号明細書、「APPARATUS FOR EYE TRACKING」と題されたPCT出願第GB2013/000210号明細書。
Claims (30)
- 入力光を第1の伝搬方向に沿って結合するように構成された導波路入力カプラであって、前記入力光が第1の角度範囲をカバーする第1の光線束および第2の角度範囲をカバーする第2の光線束を含む導波路入力カプラ;
少なくとも2つのTIR面;および
前記第1の光線束および前記第2の光線束を回折するように構成された回折格子
を備える光導波路であって、
前記第1の光線束からの上向き光線および前記第2の光線束からの下向き光線が回折され、前記入力光からの各光線及びその対応する回折された光線は、前記回折格子の回折円錐上にあり、各回折は第2の伝搬方向に沿って固有のTIR角度範囲を提供することを特徴とする光導波路。 - 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記入力光からの各光線及びその対応する回折された光線は、回折効率がピーク回折効率の所定の何分の1かになる角度よりも小さな角度だけ、前記回折格子のkベクトルからオフセットされていることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記固有のTIR角度範囲の各々は、固有の回折効率対角度特性を提供することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項3に記載の光導波路において、前記回折効率対角度特性同士は重ならないことを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項3に記載の光導波路において、前記回折効率対角度特性同士は重なることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記2つの回折で生成された回折光線ベクトルの角度分離は、回折円錐角度に等しいことを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、複数の回折をもたらす漏れ易い回折格子であり、2つの回折のみが、前記回折円錐上の入射光線ベクトル及び回折光線ベクトルの固有の対によって特徴付けられることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、ブラッグ回折格子又はSBGであり、HPDLC回折格子、均一変調回折格子、又は逆モードHPDLC回折格子のうちの1つに記録されることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折された光は、前記回折格子の平均比誘電率テンソルを整列させることにより生成される偏光状態を有し、前記偏光状態は、直線的に、楕円形に、又はランダムに偏光された状態のうちの1つであることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、非回折光は、前記回折格子の平均比誘電率テンソルを整列させることにより生成される偏光状態を有し、前記偏光状態は、直線的に、楕円形に、又はランダムに偏光された状態のうちの1つであることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、回折格子の多重化された集合のうちの1つであることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、空間的に変化する厚さを有することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、空間的に変化する回折効率を有することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、空間的に変化するkベクトル方向を有することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は、選択的に切り替え可能な要素のアレイを含むことを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記回折された光は前記導波路のTIR面を透過することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記導波路の一面を通して前記回折された光を出力するための導波路出力カプラを更に備え、前記入力カプラ及び前記出力カプラの各々は、回折格子又はプリズムのうちの1つであることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項17に記載の光導波路において、前記導波路入力カプラ及び前記導波路出力カプラのうちの少なくとも1つは、回折格子相互関係が前記導波路内で満足されるように構成された回折格子であることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記入力光は、時間変化する角度的に分布された情報コンテンツで変調されることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、前記導波路は第1及び第2の平行なTIR面を有し、前記回折格子は、前記第1の伝搬方向からの光を第2の伝搬方向に回折し、また、前記回折格子は、前記第1のTIR面から反射された光の一部が、第1のTIR角度範囲内の前記第2の伝搬方向に沿ってTIRに回折され、前記第2のTIR面から反射された光の一部が、第2のTIR角度範囲内の前記第2の伝搬方向に沿ってTIRに回折されることにより特徴付けられることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項20に記載の光導波路において、前記第1及び前記第2の伝搬方向は、前記導波路の平面内に直交して配置されることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項20に記載の光導波路において、前記第1の回折格子に重なる第2の回折格子を更に備え、前記第2の回折格子は、前記第1の伝搬方向における光を前記導波路内部の第2の伝搬方向に偏向させ、前記第2の回折格子は、前記第1のTIR面から反射された光の一部が、第3のTIR角度範囲内の第2の伝搬方向に沿ってTIRに回折され、前記第2のTIR面から反射された光の一部が、第4のTIR角度範囲内の前記第2の伝搬方向に沿ってTIRに回折されることにより特徴付けられる光導波路。
- 請求項22に記載の光導波路において、第1及び第2の回折格子は多重化されていることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項22に記載の光導波路において、前記第3及び前記第4のTIR角度範囲の各々は、固有の回折効率対角度特性に対応することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項1に記載の光導波路において、第3の伝搬方向に角度範囲を有する入力TIR光は、前記回折格子の前記回折円錐上の固有のベクトルに沿った少なくとも1つの回折を経験することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項25に記載の光導波路において、前記第1及び前記第3の伝搬方向は反対方向であることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項25に記載の光導波路において、前記第3の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光の前記TIR角度範囲は、前記第2の伝搬方向にある光の回折効率対角度特性と重複しないことを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項25に記載の光導波路において、前記第1の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光及び第3の第2の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光は、異なる波長を有することを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項25に記載の光導波路において、第2の回折格子を更に備え、前記第3の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光が前記第2の回折格子によって回折されることを特徴とする光導波路。
- 請求項25に記載の光導波路において、前記回折格子は第1及び第2の回折格子を多重化し、前記第1の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光は前記第1の多重化された回折格子によって回折され、前記第3の伝搬方向にある前記入力TIR光は前記第2の多重化された回折格子によって回折されることを特徴とする光導波路。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/620,969 | 2015-02-12 | ||
US14/620,969 US9632226B2 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | Waveguide grating device |
PCT/US2016/017091 WO2016130509A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2016-02-09 | Waveguide grating device |
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JP2018508037A JP2018508037A (ja) | 2018-03-22 |
JP6680793B2 true JP6680793B2 (ja) | 2020-04-15 |
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US (7) | US9632226B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP3256888B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6680793B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107466372B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016130509A1 (ja) |
Cited By (18)
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US10859768B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2020-12-08 | Digilens Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing a polarization selective holographic waveguide device |
US10890707B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2021-01-12 | Digilens Inc. | Holographic waveguide apparatus for structured light projection |
US11175512B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2021-11-16 | Digilens Inc. | Diffractive projection apparatus |
US11194162B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2021-12-07 | Digilens Inc. | Wearable heads up displays |
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JP2018508037A (ja) | 2018-03-22 |
US10527797B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
US20220163728A1 (en) | 2022-05-26 |
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US10156681B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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