WO2002047167A1 - Dispositif a semi-conducteur - Google Patents
Dispositif a semi-conducteur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002047167A1 WO2002047167A1 PCT/JP2001/010692 JP0110692W WO0247167A1 WO 2002047167 A1 WO2002047167 A1 WO 2002047167A1 JP 0110692 W JP0110692 W JP 0110692W WO 0247167 A1 WO0247167 A1 WO 0247167A1
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- Prior art keywords
- effect transistor
- channel
- channel field
- stress
- field
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7842—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate means for exerting mechanical stress on the crystal lattice of the channel region, e.g. using a flexible substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823807—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the channel structures, e.g. channel implants, halo or pocket implants, or channel materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823814—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the source or drain structures, e.g. specific source or drain implants or silicided source or drain structures or raised source or drain structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823828—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the gate conductors, e.g. particular materials, shapes
- H01L21/823842—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the gate conductors, e.g. particular materials, shapes gate conductors with different gate conductor materials or different gate conductor implants, e.g. dual gate structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/088—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L27/092—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate complementary MIS field-effect transistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7833—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with lightly doped drain or source extension, e.g. LDD MOSFET's; DDD MOSFET's
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7842—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate means for exerting mechanical stress on the crystal lattice of the channel region, e.g. using a flexible substrate
- H01L29/7843—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate means for exerting mechanical stress on the crystal lattice of the channel region, e.g. using a flexible substrate the means being an applied insulating layer
Definitions
- the results shown in Fig. 2 are obtained by conducting a stress load experiment on a transistor formed on the Si (001) plane so that the drain current flows parallel to the ⁇ 110> axis. .
- the gate length of the evaluated field-effect transistor is 0.2 m.
- the direction of the stress is the uniaxial stress in the channel plane parallel to the drain current flowing through the channel of the field-effect transistor (stress parallel to the channel), and the uniaxial stress in the channel plane perpendicular to the drain current (stress in the channel).
- the sign of the stress is plus sign for tensile stress and minus sign for compressive stress.
- the stress distribution in the depth direction of the substrate formed at the channel portion of the Si substrate of the field effect transistor has a stress concentration field near the gate electrode.
- the diffusion layer formation region of the 0.1 / m-generation transistor having a small gate length is formed in a shallower region closer to the substrate surface than a conventional transistor having a large gate length. As a result, in the 0.1 ⁇ generation transistor, it is considered that the element operation region is easily affected by stress.
- the semiconductor device may have a structure in which a channel portion of the n-channel field-effect transistor flows in a direction along a direction along which a drain current flows.
- the residual stress is larger on the tensile stress side than the residual stress in the direction along the direction in which the drain current flows in the channel portion of the p-channel field effect transistor.
- the drain current characteristics of both the n-channel type and the p-channel type can be improved, so that a semiconductor device excellent in overall performance can be realized.
- the current characteristics of the semiconductor device including the n-channel field-effect transistor and the p-channel field-effect transistor can be improved as a whole. Furthermore, according to the above configuration, the current characteristics are not affected even by the adjustment change of the insulating film, so that the above effect can be effectively achieved.
- a gate of the n-channel field-effect transistor has a greater compressive film stress than the gate electrode of the p-channel field effect transistor.
- the impurity concentration of the gate electrode of an n-channel field-effect transistor has a concentration gradient in the direction perpendicular to the main plane of the silicon substrate, and the impurity concentration distribution of the gate electrode of the p-channel field-effect transistor is It is uniform in the direction perpendicular to the main plane.
- the crystal lattice spacing when observing the channel portion of the ⁇ -channel field-effect transistor with ⁇ is wider than the crystal lattice spacing when observing the channel portion of the ⁇ -channel field-effect transistor with ⁇ .
- the insulating film contains silicon nitride as a main component, and the etching rate of the insulating film of the ⁇ channel type field effect transistor and the etching rate of the ⁇ channel type field effect transistor It is different from the etching rate of the insulating film.
- an insulating layer adjacent to a longitudinal side surface of a gate electrode of the n-channel field-effect transistor is different from the film quality of the insulating film adjacent to the longitudinal side surface of the gut electrode of the p-channel field effect transistor.
- the active region in which the first p-channel field-effect transistor is disposed and the active region in which the corresponding first n-channel field-effect transistor is disposed are also provided.
- the stress control film can be formed. Further, the stress control film can be disposed on the n-channel type field effect transistor.
- the n-channel electric field An insulating film having a compressive stress is formed on the channel-type field effect transistor and the p-channel type field-effect transistor, and the first p-channel A region located between a first n-channel field-effect transistor corresponding to the field-effect transistor and a second n-channel field-effect transistor corresponding to the second channel-type field-effect transistor,
- the insulating film which is thinner than the insulating film formed in a region located between one p-channel field-effect transistor and a second p-channel field-effect transistor adjacent to the first p-channel field-effect transistor; The force for forming the film or the insulating film is not provided.
- the first p-channel field-effect transistor is formed in the field region that is a region that intersects (eg, is orthogonal to) the longitudinal direction of the gate electrode of the first p-channel field-effect transistor.
- the force for forming the insulating film thinner than the insulating film formed in the field region adjacent to the active region, or the insulating film is not provided.
- the insulating film is mainly made of silicon nitride.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the result of analyzing the influence of the intrinsic stress of the SiN film enclosing the gate electrode from the upper surface on the stress in the channel portion.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a semiconductor device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a semiconductor device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of an example in which a contact plug, a wiring, and the like are formed in the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a semiconductor device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a semiconductor device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view (a partially enlarged view of FIG. 37) of a semiconductor device according to a eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a semiconductor device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a view showing the stress dependence of the drain current of an n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistor
- FIG. Fig. 8 shows the results of a stress analysis of the effect of the intrinsic stress of the SiN film that is included on the channel partial stress (stress in the channel plane parallel to the drain current).
- Fig. 8 shows the etching rate of the SiN film stress.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing dependency
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example in which wiring and the like are formed in the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- the n-channel field-effect transistor includes an n-type source drain (12, 13) formed in a p-type well 11, a gate insulating film 14, and a gate electrode 15; Silicides 17 and 18 are formed on the upper surfaces of the gate and source / drain (12, 13).
- the n-type source / drain means a source region or a drain region indicated by reference numerals 12 and 13 with the gate electrode 14 interposed therebetween.
- the difference between the source and the drain is the difference in which direction the current flows from, and there is no fundamental difference in structure. Therefore, in this specification, the source and the drain are denoted as (1 2 and 1 3) .
- the source and the drain are denoted as (1 2 and 1 3) . The same applies to the p-channel field-effect transistor described below, and so on.
- the p-channel field-effect transistor includes a p-type source / drain (32, 33) formed in an n-type well 31, a gate insulating film 34, and a gate electrode 35, an upper surface of the gate electrode 35, Silicides 37 and 38 are formed on the upper surfaces of the source and drain (32 and 33).
- These transistors silicon Sani ⁇ (S i 0 2) and consists of silicon nitride (S i N), the shallow trench isolation 2 are insulated from each other and other transistors.
- Gate Sani ⁇ 14, 34 for example, a silicon oxide film (S i 0 2), a silicon nitride film (S i N), titanium oxide (T I_ ⁇ 2), zirconium oxide (Z R_ ⁇ 2), acid I spoon hafnium (H f ⁇ 2), tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 ⁇ 5) dielectric films, such as, some Or a laminated structure of these.
- the gate electrodes 15 and 35 are made of, for example, a polycrystalline silicon film, a metal film of tungsten (W), platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru) or the like, or a laminated structure thereof.
- Stress control films 19 and 39 are formed on the upper surface of the n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors, and the upper surfaces of the stress control films 19 and 39 are, for example, BPSG (Boron-doped Phospho Silicate Glass) Beria ⁇ , SOG (Spin On Glass) B ⁇ , or TE ⁇ S (Tetra-Ethyl-Ortho- Silicate) film, or silicon formed by chemical vapor deposition or sputtering It is covered with an interlayer insulating film 3 serving as an acid film.
- BPSG Bion-doped Phospho Silicate Glass
- SOG Spin On Glass
- TE ⁇ S Tetra-Ethyl-Ortho- Silicate
- the improvement of the drain current (increase in drain current) of field effect transistors has been progressing year by year.
- the present inventors have clarified that the drain current changes due to stress, and have found that in a P-channel field-effect transistor and a complementary field-effect transistor having an n-channel field-effect transistor, an n-channel, p-channel Drain current of both transistors And found a way to improve it effectively.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stress dependence of the drain current of the field effect transistor. From FIG. 2, it is clear that the drain current increases due to the tensile stress in the n-channel type field effect transistor, and conversely, the drain current increases due to the compressive stress in the p-channel type field effect transistor.
- the film covering the gate electrode of the n-channel field-effect transistor has a film with a film stress on the tensile stress side.
- the film that covers the gate electrode of the P- channel field-effect transistor has a film stress that is smaller than that of the n-channel type by using a film on the compressive stress side, so that both the n-channel and p-channel types are used.
- An improvement in drain current can be expected. For this reason, the characteristics as a whole can be improved.
- the present inventors have also revealed that the etching rate of the silicon nitride (SiN) film has stress dependency.
- the contact plug 7 and the wiring 21 and the like after the formation of the contact hole are, for example, as shown in FIG. A plurality of wiring layers are formed.
- the contact plug 7 and the wiring 21 are made of, for example, tungsten, aluminum, copper, titanium, titanium nitride, or a laminated structure of these. Further, as shown in FIG. 31, the contact plug 7 and the wiring 21 may be formed together with the barrier metals 8 and 22 made of a laminated film such as titanium nitride / titanium.
- the stress control film 19 and the stress control film 39 can be obtained by changing the film forming conditions using the same film forming apparatus, there is an effect that it is possible to cope without introducing a new apparatus. can get.
- the first embodiment and the state of the first embodiment are different from each other in that the thicknesses of the stress control films 192 and 392 are different from each other between the n-channel field effect transistor and the p-channel field effect transistor.
- the stress control film has a tensile stress, as shown in FIG. 9, the structure is different from that of the n-channel type stress control film 1992.
- the p-channel type stress control film 392 is thinned.
- the stress control film has a compressive stress
- the n-channel type stress control film 1992 be thinner than the stress control film 392 (not shown).
- These stress control films 1992 and 3992 are formed on the entire upper surface of the n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors by silicon nitride (SiN) by chemical vapor deposition or sputtering. ) After the film is formed, it is obtained by, for example, etching back to a desired film thickness.
- the p-channel type when the stress control film has a tensile stress, the p-channel type is thinner as shown in FIG. Current can be improved.
- the stress control film has a compressive stress
- the n-channel type thinner, the drain current of the n-channel type field effect transistor is improved.
- both the n-channel field effect transistor and the p-channel field effect transistor extend in the direction in which the gate electrodes 15 and 35 extend. On the other hand, increase the area (Fig. 15).
- the stress control film 1993 and the stress control film 393 are made of silicon nitride (SiN).
- SiN silicon nitride
- the stress control films 191, 3 are used as means for controlling the stress in the n-channel type and p-channel type field-effect transistor. This is an example using 91, and other structures and materials may be used for other parts.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view of a semiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the stress in the channel portion of the field-effect transistor (the stress in the channel plane parallel to the drain current) and the silicide film.
- 9 is a graph showing an analysis result of thickness dependency.
- the third embodiment describes the use of silicides 18 1 and 38 1 as means for controlling the stress in the channel portion of the n-channel and P-channel field effect transistors.
- the other portions may have structures and materials other than those of the third embodiment.
- the stress in the channel portion of the n-channel field-effect transistor becomes more stress on the tensile side than the stress in the channel portion of the p-channel type, and the drain current of both the n-channel type and the p-channel type can be improved. The effect is obtained.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a semiconductor device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 19 to 21 illustrate a part of a manufacturing process of the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross section schematic diagram showing.
- the difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the crystal grains constituting the gate electrodes 15 2 a and 15 2 b of the n-channel field-effect transistor 10 have a plurality of layers in the vertical direction of the substrate 1. , But the crystal grains constituting the p-channel type gate electrode 352 do not form a layer, or the n channel type gate electrodes 152a and 152b The average crystal grain size is smaller than the average crystal grain size of the p-channel gate electrode 352.
- the stress control films 19 and 39 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 may be omitted.
- the fifth embodiment described that the gate electrodes 15a, 15b, and 352 were used as means for controlling the stress in the channel portion of the n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors. Things.
- the other parts may have structures and materials other than those of the fifth embodiment.
- the manufacturing process of the gate electrodes 15a, 152b, and 352 of the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment is as follows, for example.
- the gate electrode is processed to form the gate electrodes 152 a and 152 b of the n-channel field-effect transistor and the gate electrode 352 of the p-channel field-effect transistor, and the sidewalls 16 and 36 and the source 'Form drain electrodes 12, 13, 32, 33, silicides 17, 18, 37, 38 and interlayer insulating film 3 (Fig. 18).
- the stress in the channel portion becomes a compressive stress.
- the gate electrodes 152a and 152b of the n-channel type field effect transistor are formed twice, the grain size of the crystal grains of the gate electrodes 152a and 152b is reduced, and the generated stress is reduced. As a result, the stress in the channel portion is reduced. As a result, in both the p-channel field-effect transistor and the n-channel field-effect transistor, an effect that the drain current can be improved can be obtained.
- the gate electrode of the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment does not necessarily need to be formed in two steps, but may be formed in two or more times.
- an n-channel type or a channel-type gate electrode is formed in a separate process by changing the film forming conditions and the like so that the crystal grain is small for the n-channel type and the crystal grain is large for the p-channel type. Is also good.
- the gut electrode structure in the field-effect transistor structure is used as a means for controlling the stress in the channel portion, a new material is used. There is no need to introduce The effect that it can respond by mouth is obtained.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a cross section (cross section taken along line a--a in FIG. 23) of a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram viewed from the top showing that the distance between the STI) and the gate electrode is different between the ⁇ -channel field-effect transistor and the p-channel field-effect transistor.
- FIG. 23 shows only the shallow trench isolation 2, the gate electrodes 15 and 35, the wiring 6 connected to the source / drain, and the active region 5 (transistor formation region).
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing an analysis result of the STI oxidation-induced stress dependence of the stress in the channel portion (the stress in the channel plane parallel to the drain current).
- the difference between the sixth embodiment and the first embodiment is that the distance from the gate electrode 15 of the n-channel field effect transistor 10 to the shallow trench isolation 2 (the distance in the direction parallel to the channel) is P It is larger than the distance from the gate electrode 35 of the channel type field effect transistor 30 to the shallow groove element separation 2 (the distance in the direction parallel to the channel).
- the stress control films 19 and 39 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 may be omitted.
- the distance between the gate electrode 15 and the shallow trench isolation 2 and the distance between the gate electrode 35 and the gate electrode 35 are used as means for controlling the stress in the channel portion of the II-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors. It is stated that the distance to shallow trench isolation 2 is used.
- the other parts may have structures and materials other than the sixth embodiment.
- the channel portion of the n-channel field effect transistor is formed at a distance from the STI, and conversely, the channel portion of the p-channel field effect transistor is formed near the STI.
- the compressive stress due to this STI is
- the semiconductor device of the sixth embodiment is characterized in that the distance from the STI to the channel is different between the n-channel type and the p-channel type. The same effect can be obtained by making the STI trench width wider on the n-channel field-effect transistor side and narrower on the p-channel field-effect transistor side.
- the groove width of the STI in the direction perpendicular to the channel is wider for both field effect transistors.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a semiconductor device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- 27 is a graph showing an analysis result of the dependency of the stress of the channel portion of the field-effect transistor on the sidewall film stress.
- the difference between the seventh embodiment and the first embodiment is that the film quality of the side wall 16 on the n-channel type field effect transistor side is different from the film quality of the side wall 36 on the p channel type field effect transistor side.
- the main component of these sidewalls 16 and 36 is preferably silicon nitride, but may be other than that.
- the average Young's modulus of the sidewalls 16 is larger than the average Young's modulus of the sidewalls 36,
- the sidewalls 16 are mainly made of silicon nitride, and the sidewalls 36 are mainly made of silicon oxide.
- the sidewalls 16 and 36 may have a laminated structure made of a plurality of materials.
- a phenomenon that a large amount of stress covering the gate electrode and the sidewall from the upper surface is transmitted to the channel portion or not due to the Young's modulus (hardness) of the sidewall is used. is there.
- a film that covers the gate electrode and the sidewall is important, and the stress control film 9 may be omitted.
- the side wall 1 The Young's modulus of the sidewalls 6 is made larger than the Young's modulus of the sidewalls 36, and when the stress of the interlayer insulating film 3 is a compressive stress, the Young's modulus of the sidewalls 16 is made smaller than the Young's modulus of the sidewalls 36.
- Figure 29 is a graph showing the analysis results of the dependence of the stress in the channel on the sidewall material.
- the result shown in FIG. 29 is a result obtained by assuming that silicon oxide is used for the material having a low Young's modulus and silicon nitride is used for the material having a high Young's modulus as the sidewall material.
- the Young's modulus of the film can also be measured by a small indentation test or the like.
- the sidewalls 16 and 36 are films mainly composed of silicon nitride, but they may be a laminated structure with silicon oxide or the like, or may be other materials.
- the stress control films 19 and 39 and the side walls 16 and 36 are used as means for controlling the stress of the channel portion of the n-channel and p-channel field effect transistors. This is an example of use. For this reason, the other portions may have structures and materials other than the ninth embodiment.
- the stress control layer 1 9 tensile stress, since the stress control film 3 9 is a compressive stress, n-channel type, channel type field Both drain currents of the effect transistor can be improved.
- FIG. 32 is an electric circuit diagram showing a 2-NAND circuit to which the present invention is applied. Is a schematic view of a planar layout of the semiconductor device of the present invention (FIG. 33 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of FIG. 34 (near the frame indicated by X)), and FIG. 35 is a plan view of A to D of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of FIG.
- the electric circuit to which the present invention is applied is a 2NAND circuit including two p-channel field effect transistors P1 and P2 and two n-channel field effect transistors N1 and N2. These transistors N1, N2, Pl, and P2 correspond to the transistors Nl, N2, Pl, and P2 shown in FIG. 33, respectively.
- one 2NAND circuit consists of a p-channel field-effect transistor P1 and an n-channel field-effect transistor N2 that share the gate electrode FG, and similarly, P2 and N1. It consists of a contact plug CONT and wiring ML for electrical connection.
- the p-channel field effect transistors P1 and P2 are formed on one active ACT1
- the n-channel field effect transistors N1 and N2 are formed on one active ACT2. .
- the stress control film described in the second embodiment has a tensile stress of S, which is a part of the formation of the n-channel and channel-type field effect transistors. Are formed in the plane pattern shown in FIG. In other words, of the stress control films that cover the entire surface of the circuit Stress control film in the direction in which the drain current flows
- the stress control film 209 is a portion other than on the field sandwiched between the actives of the p-channel field-effect transistor, the longitudinal direction of the gate electrode of the transistor, and the n-channel field-effect transistor.
- the stress control film is formed continuously on other elements in the continuous direction of the data.
- many p-channel field-effect transistors are formed as shown in Figure 34. In the region PM, slits (portions where the film is discontinuous) are formed in the stress control film 209.
- FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram showing cross-sectional structures A to D in the plan layout diagram of FIG.
- the semiconductor device of the present embodiment includes an n-channel type field effect transistor 210, a p-channel thin field effect transistor 230 formed on the main surface of a silicon substrate 201, and And a stress control film 209 formed on the upper surface of these transistors.
- An n-channel field-effect transistor is composed of a II-type source / drain (2,2,2,13) formed in a p-type well, a gate insulating film, and a gate electrode.
- Silicides 217 and 218 are formed on the upper surface of the gate electrode 215 and the upper surfaces of the source / drain (2122, 213).
- the P-channel field-effect transistor is composed of a p-type source / drain (232, 233) formed in an n-type well 231, a gate insulating film 34, and a gate electrode 35.
- Silicides 237 and 238 are formed on the upper surface of the gate electrode 235 and the upper surfaces of the source and drain (232, 233).
- the side walls of the gate insulating films 2 14 and 23 4 and the gate electrodes 2 15 and 2 35 and the silicides 2 17 and 2 18 2 3 6 is formed. These transistors are insulated from other transistors by the shallow trench isolation 202.
- a stress control film 209 is formed on the upper surface of the n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors, and furthermore, a wiring 223 electrically connected by a contact plug 207 is formed on the upper surface.
- An interlayer insulating film 203 is formed.
- the stress control film 209 is made of the material described in the first embodiment, in which the film stress becomes a tensile stress.
- A-B cross section in Fig. 34, Fig. 35 (a) a discontinuous formation is formed in the shallow trench isolation.
- the stress control film becomes discontinuous between transistors adjacent to each other across the shallow trench element isolation, for example, 202 a.
- the stress control film is continuous between adjacent transistors. That is, the stress control film is continuous on the shallow trench isolation, for example, on 202 d and 202 e.
- a stress control film 209 is also formed on c, and is continuous with the stress control film on the star in the longitudinal direction of the gate electrode or on another element.
- the 2NAND circuit shown in the present embodiment is one of the examples in which the present invention is applied to an actual electric circuit unit.
- the planar layout may be other than that of the present embodiment, and the applied electric circuit may be, for example, an AND circuit, a NOR circuit, an OR circuit, or an input / output buffer circuit. Further, structural materials and manufacturing methods other than the stress control film may be other than the present embodiment.
- FIG. 14 of the second embodiment mainly shows that the stress in the direction parallel to the channel is optimized by the n-channel and p-channel field effect transistors.
- the n-channel field effect transistor As for the n-channel field effect transistor, an improvement in the characteristics can be expected because the tensile stress increases the drain current both in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the channel.
- the tensile stress in the direction parallel to the channel reduces the drain current, so it is necessary to reduce the tensile stress.
- the drain current can be increased in the direction perpendicular to the channel, and we want to make effective use of this.
- the p-channel type is removed by removing the stress control film in the direction parallel to the channel of the p-channel type field effect transistor out of the stress control film covering the entire circuit.
- the tensile stress in the direction parallel to the channel of the field effect transistor can be reduced.
- a direction parallel to the channel of the n-channel field-effect transistor and a direction perpendicular to the channel of the n-channel or p-channel field-effect transistor a tensile stress can be applied.
- the stress is controlled in the biaxial direction in the channel plane, so that the drain current can be increased in both the ⁇ -channel type and the ⁇ -channel type. .
- the stress control film As a material of the stress control film, silicon nitride is mentioned as one example in the first embodiment.
- the stress control film can be used also as a film for a self-aligned contact for making a contact hole in an interlayer insulating film mainly composed of silicon oxide.
- the stress control film is removed only on the field region sandwiched between the active regions of the p-channel field effect transistor. That is, since the stress control film is formed in the portion where the contact plug is connected to the source / drain of the ⁇ -channel field effect transistor, the effect can be obtained that this can be used as a film for the self-aligned contact.
- the processing of the stress control film described in the present embodiment involves forming a self-aligned contact hole.
- the mask can be shared with self-aligned contacts, since it can be done in the same step. That is, after the stress control film 209 is uniformly formed, the self-aligned contact hole forming process and the stress control film processing process (the stress on the shallow trench element separation 202 c and 202 b) are performed simultaneously. Control film). Subsequent processing may continue with the conventional process of performing self-aligned contacts. As described above, according to the present embodiment, the conventional process can be used only by changing the mask layout, so that a semiconductor device excellent in manufacturing cost can be obtained.
- the tensile stress applied in the direction parallel to the channel of the p-channel field effect transistor be as small as possible. Therefore, it is desirable that the stress control film on the p-channel field effect transistor side is formed only in the contact hole formation region, that is, only in the portion used as a self-aligned contact.
- the slit portion of the stress control film does not necessarily need to be completely free of the film.
- a slightly thin film may be formed.
- a region located between a first p-channel field-effect transistor and a second p-channel field-effect transistor adjacent to the first p-channel field-effect transistor for example, And a region located between the first p-channel field-effect transistor and a first n-channel field-effect transistor corresponding to the first p-channel field-effect transistor (eg, a field region).
- a force for forming the stress control film thinner than the thickness of the stress control film formed on the first P-channel field-effect semiconductor, or not providing the stress control film. can also.
- a region located between a first p-channel field-effect transistor and a second p-channel field-effect transistor adjacent to the first p-channel field-effect transistor;
- a first n-channel field-effect transistor corresponding to a first p-channel field-effect transistor and a second n-channel field-effect transistor adjacent to the first n-channel field-effect transistor and corresponding to the second ⁇ -channel field-effect transistor In a region (for example, a field region) between the two ⁇ -channel field-effect transistors, the stress having a thickness smaller than that of the stress relaxation layer formed on the first ⁇ -channel field-effect transistor is provided.
- a relaxation layer is formed It is also conceivable that the force or the stress relaxation layer is not provided.
- a region (for example, a field region) located between the first p-channel field-effect transistor and a first n-channel field-effect transistor corresponding to the first p-channel field-effect transistor;
- the force for forming the stress control film thinner than the thickness of the stress control film formed on the p-channel type field effect semiconductor described above, or the stress control film can be omitted.
- the thickness may be smaller than the thickness of the stress control film or may not be provided.
- FIG. 2 shows the experimental results of the stress dependence of the drain current of the n-channel and p-channel field-effect transistors.
- Figs. 36 and 37 are schematic diagrams of the plane layout of the semiconductor device of the present invention (Fig. 3). 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of Fig. 37 (near the frame indicated by X)), and Figs. 38A, 38B and 38C are cross-sections from A to D in the planar layout of Fig. 36 It is the schematic diagram which showed the structure.
- the difference between this embodiment and the tenth embodiment is that the film stress of the stress control film 209 is a compressive stress and that the region where the stress control film 209 is formed is different. That is, the semiconductor device of the present embodiment has a circuit layout as shown in the schematic plan views of FIGS. 36 and 37 and the schematic cross-sectional structures of FIGS. 38A, 38B and 38C.
- the stress control film covering the entire surface on the field region (shallow trench isolation) perpendicular to the drain current, adjacent to the active of the p-channel field-effect transistor, and the active region of the n-channel field-effect transistor It is characterized in that no film is formed on the field region surrounding.
- the stress control film 209 is formed continuously on adjacent elements in the repetition direction (parallel to the channel) of the p-channel field-effect transistor, and the stress control film is formed on the n-channel field-effect transistor side. It is characterized that the formation of is only on the active.)
- the arrangement of the transistors other than the stress control film, the wiring ML, and the contact plugs C ⁇ NT are the same as those described in the tenth embodiment.
- the stress control film when the stress control film has a compressive stress, a compressive stress is generated in the channel portion in a direction perpendicular to and parallel to the channel.
- the stress control film 200 in the direction parallel to the channel, is discontinuous on the ⁇ -channel type field effect transistor side and continuously on the ⁇ -channel type field effect transistor side. May be formed.
- the stress control film 209 can also be used as a film for a self-aligned contact for forming the contact plugs CNT and 207.
- the stress control film 209 is formed on the shallow trench isolation, for example, in the direction parallel to the channel of the p-channel field-effect transistor, as shown in FIG. 38A.
- the stress control film 209 is not formed on the shallow trench element isolation 202 h, and the stress control film 209 acting in the direction perpendicular to the channel is not formed.
- the area is kept to a minimum. Therefore, a compressive stress is applied to the channel portion of the p-channel field-effect transistor in the direction parallel to the channel, and the compressive stress is suppressed in the direction perpendicular to the channel. The effect that the current can be increased is obtained.
- the stress control film 209 does not need to be formed since the stress control film for compressive stress acts in a direction to reduce the drain current.
- the stress control film 209 is also formed on the n-channel type field effect transistor side as in this embodiment.
- the formation region of the stress control film only needs to be formed in a portion necessary for forming the contact plug CONT, 207, and as shown in FIG. 38C, the shallow groove element is formed. It is desirable not to form them on the element separation, for example, on 202 i and 202 j.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment is one of the embodiments in which the method of controlling the stress in the direction perpendicular to the channel is also described using an actual 2NAND circuit.
- the circuit to be applied is not limited to this embodiment.
- a field effect transistor 230, silicide 218, 217, etc. are formed on a silicon substrate 201, and a stress control film 209 is formed on the entire upper surface. (Fig. 39)
- a mask 204 for processing the stress control film 209 is formed on the upper surface of the stress control film 209.
- the mask pattern is used for both the processing for controlling the stress and the processing for forming the contact plug 207.
- the stress control film 209 is processed by etching. (Fig. 41)
- FIG. 35A An upper wiring layer 222, an interlayer insulating film 220 and the like are formed.
- the manufacturing method shown in the present embodiment is merely an example of a method of manufacturing the tenth embodiment.
- the manufacturing method of the tenth embodiment and the eleventh embodiment may be other than this embodiment.
Description
Claims
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KR1020037007569A KR100562441B1 (ko) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-06 | 반도체장치 |
CNB018202047A CN100382315C (zh) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-06 | 半导体器件 |
US10/433,786 US6982465B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-06 | Semiconductor device with CMOS-field-effect transistors having improved drain current characteristics |
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JP2001-342667 | 2001-11-08 | ||
JP2001342667A JP2003086708A (ja) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-11-08 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100382315C (zh) | 2008-04-16 |
CN1505839A (zh) | 2004-06-16 |
TW518749B (en) | 2003-01-21 |
KR20030082934A (ko) | 2003-10-23 |
US20040075148A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
MY144640A (en) | 2011-10-31 |
JP2003086708A (ja) | 2003-03-20 |
KR100562441B1 (ko) | 2006-03-17 |
US6982465B2 (en) | 2006-01-03 |
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