TWI385974B - 無線通信設備、機器可讀媒體、無線通信系統及促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法 - Google Patents

無線通信設備、機器可讀媒體、無線通信系統及促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法 Download PDF

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TWI385974B
TWI385974B TW096101116A TW96101116A TWI385974B TW I385974 B TWI385974 B TW I385974B TW 096101116 A TW096101116 A TW 096101116A TW 96101116 A TW96101116 A TW 96101116A TW I385974 B TWI385974 B TW I385974B
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TW200814625A (en
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Rajiv Laroia
Junyi Li
Xinzhou Wu
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Qualcomm Inc
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Description

無線通信設備、機器可讀媒體、無線通信系統及促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法
本發明概言之係關於無線通信，且更具體而言係關於識別用於藉由區域對等式網路進行通信之參數。
無線通信系統廣泛部署用於提供各種類型之通信，例如，可藉由此等無線通信系統提供語音及/或資料。典型之無線通信系統或網路可為多個使用者提供對一個或多個共用資源之存取。例如，一系統可使用眾多種多重存取技術，例如分頻多工(FDM)、分時多工(TDM)、分碼多工(CDM)、正交分頻多工(OFDM)等等。
常見之無線通信系統採用一個或多個提供一覆蓋區域之基地台。一典型之基地台可為廣播、多播及/或單播服務傳輸多個資料流，其中資料流可係一無線終端機可有興趣獨立接收之資料流。此種基地台之覆蓋區域內之行動終端機可用於接收由複合流所載送之一個或多於一個或全部資料流。同樣，一無線終端機可向該基地台或另一無線終端機傳輸資料。
根據另一實例，無線通信系統常常採用對等式或專門(ad hoc)架構，藉以使一無線終端機可將信號直接傳送至另一無線終端機。因此，信號不需要穿越基地台；而是，處於彼此範圍內之各無線終端機可直接發現對方及/或與對方進行通信。況且，對等式網路可利用無線頻譜之各個部分來傳輸資料。然而，無線頻譜係一種昂貴且寶貴之資源。此外，傳統對等式網路通常以一種會造成與無線頻譜相關之浪費之低效方式進行通信。
下文提供對一個或多個實施例之簡要概述，以達成對此等實施例之基本瞭解。該概述並非係對所有所涵蓋實施例之廣泛概述，且既不打算表示所有實施例之關鍵或緊要元件、亦不打算界定任何或所有實施例之範疇。其唯一目的係以簡要形式提供一個或多個實施例之某些概念來作為下文所提供之更詳細說明之前序。
根據一個或多個實施例及其對應揭示內容，在促進選取要在區域對等式網路中利用之參數方面闡述各種態樣。該等參數可與頻調間距、循環首碼、符號時間等等相關。進一步，該等參數可根據與區域對等式網路相關聯之狀態(例如對等裝置發現狀態、控制相關訊務狀態、與數據相關之訊務狀態、...)。此外，區域對等式網路可與廣域網路共用頻譜；由此，可根據廣域網路之類型(例如空中介面技術)及/或與廣域網路相關之參數來選擇對等式網路之參數。
根據相關態樣，在本文中闡述一種促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法。該方法可包括對對等式網路中之第一狀態利用第一組參數。進一步，該方法可包括對對等式網路中之第二狀態利用第二組參數。
另一態樣係關於一種無線通信設備。該無線通信設備可包括一記憶體，其保持與如下作業相關之指令：識別與對等式通信相關聯之狀態，並根據所識別狀態來確定一組要用於對等式通信之參數。此外，該無線通信設備可包括一耦接至該記憶體之處理器，其經組態以執行保持於該記憶體中之該等指令。
再一態樣係關於一種能夠於一區域對等式網路上進行通信之無線通信設備。該無線通信設備包括：識別構件，其用於識別與對等式通信相關聯之狀態；及存取構件，其用於根據該狀態來存取一組要用於對等式通信之參數。
又一態樣係關於一種機器可讀媒體，其上面儲存有用於如下作業之機器可執行指令：確定一對等式網路之狀態，確定與該對等式網路共用一共同頻寬之廣域網路之類型，及根據該狀態及該廣域網路之類型來獲得要與該對等式網路一起使用之參數。
根據另一態樣，一種於一無線通信系統中之設備可包括一處理器，其中該處理器可經組態以確定與藉由一對等式網路進行之通信相關聯之狀態、及根據該狀態來獲得一組要用於藉由該對等式網路進行通信之參數。
為達成上述及相關目的，該一個或多個實施例包含多個在下文中將全面說明並在申請專利範圍中特別指出之特徵。下文說明及附圖詳細描述了該一個或多個實施例之某些例示性態樣。然而，該等態樣僅表示各種可利用各實施例原理之方式中的幾種且該等所述實施例旨在包括所有此等態樣及其等效物。
現在參照該等圖式來說明各個實施例，在所有圖式中使用相同之參考編號來指代相同之元件。在下文說明中，為便於解釋，闡述了諸多具體細節以便達成對一個或多個實施例之透徹瞭解。然而，顯而易見，可在沒有此等具體細節之情形下實施此等實施例。在其他實例中，以方塊圖形式顯示眾所周知之結構和裝置，以便利於說明一個或多個實施例。
本申請案中所用術語「組件」、「模組」、「系統」及類似術語旨在指一與電腦相關之實體，其既可係硬體、韌體、硬體與軟體之組合、軟體、亦可係執行中之軟體。舉例而言，一組件可係(但不限於)一於一處理器上執行之方法、一處理器、一物件、一可執行檔、一執行線程、一程式、及/或一電腦。舉例而言，一執行於一計算裝置上之應用程式及該裝置自身二者皆可係一組件。一個或多個組件可駐存於一方法及/或一執行線內，且一組件可侷限於一個電腦上及/或分散於兩個或更多個電腦之間。此外，該等組件可自各種上面儲存有各種資料結構之電腦可讀媒體上執行。該等組件可藉由本端及/或遠端過程來進行通信，例如根據一具有一個或多個資料封包之信號來進行通信(例如，來自一個與一本端系統、分散式系統中之另一組件互動、及/或藉由信號跨越一網路(例如網際網路)與其他系統互動之組件之資料)。
此外，在本文中結合無線終端機來說明各實施例。無線終端機亦可稱作一系統、用戶單元、用戶台、行動台、行動器件、行動裝置、遠端站臺、遠端終端機、存取終端機、使用者終端機、終端機、無線通信裝置、使用者代理、使用者裝置或使用者設備(UE)。無線終端機可係一蜂巢式電話、無繩電話、對話啟動協定(SIP)電話、無線局部迴路(WLL)台、個人數位助理(PDA)、具有無線連接能力之手持式裝置、計算裝置、或者其他連接至一無線數據機之處理裝置。此外，在本文中結合基地台來說明各種實施例。基地台可用於與無線終端機進行通信並亦可稱作一存取點、節點B、或某種其他術語。
此外，可使用標準之程式化及/或工程設計技術將本文所述之各種態樣或特徵構建為一種方法、設備或製品。本文所用術語「製品」意欲囊括可自任一電腦可讀裝置、載體或媒體存取之電腦程式。舉例而言，電腦可讀媒體可包括(但不限於)磁性儲存裝置(例如硬磁碟、軟磁碟、磁條等等)、光碟(例如光碟(CD)、數位多功能光碟(DVD)等等)、智慧卡、及快閃記憶體裝置(例如EPROM、卡、棒、口袋式保密磁碟等等)。或者，本文所述之各種儲存媒體可代表一個或多個用於儲存資訊之裝置及/或其他機器可讀媒體。術語「機器可讀媒體」可包括但不限於無線頻道及能夠儲存、包含及/或載送指令及/或資料之各種其他媒體。
現在參照圖1，圖中圖解闡釋一根據本文所提供各實施例之無線通信系統100。系統100可包括一個或多個無線終端機102。儘管圖中繪示兩個無線終端機102，然而應瞭解，系統100可實質上包括任意數量之無線終端機102。無線終端機102可係(例如)蜂巢式電話、智慧型電話、膝上型電腦、手持式通信裝置、手持式計算裝置、衛星無線電、全球定位系統、PDA、及/或任何其他適於藉由無線通信系統100進行通信之裝置。無線終端機102可藉由一區域對等式(P2P)網路(例如專用網路)直接進行相互通信。可藉由直接在各無線終端機102之間傳送信號來實施對等式通信；因此，信號不需要穿過一基地台(例如基地台104)。
此外，系統100可支援一廣域網路(WAN)。系統100可包括一基地台104(例如存取點)及/或位於一個或多個扇區中之任意數量之不同基地台(未顯示)，該等基地台相互之間及/或向一個或多個無線終端機102進行無線通信信號接收、傳輸、中繼等等。基地台104可包括一發射機鏈及一接收機鏈，熟習此項技術者將瞭解，其中每一者皆可又包括複數個與信號傳輸及接收相關聯之組件(例如處理器、調變器、多工器、解調器、解多工器、天線、...)。無線終端機102可在藉由系統100所支援之廣域基礎結構網路進行通信時向基地台104發射信號及/或自基地台104接收信號。
各無線終端機102之間的對等式通信可同步；且因此，各無線終端機102可具有對時間之共同理解。舉例而言，無線終端機102可自基地台104(及/或一提供較少功能之發射機(未顯示))獲得定時信號，以用於使各無線終端機102之運作同步化。此外，預期每一對等式網路皆可設定其自身之時間。根據一實例，無線終端機102可在第一時間週期期間實施對等裝置發現並在第二時間週期期間發送及/或接收訊務。
無線終端機102可在一與對等式通信相關聯之時間週期期間識別一狀態，其中該狀態與無線終端機102之間之通信類型(例如對等裝置發現、訊務、傳呼、...)相關。進一步，無線終端機102可辨識要與所識別狀態結合使用之各組參數。舉例而言，對於基於OFDM之空中介面技術而言，參數可與頻調間距、符號時間、循環首碼等等相關，而對於基於CDMA之空中介面技術而言，參數可與CDMA碼片速率相關。另外，可唯一地定製各組參數，以使系統100在不同狀態期間之效能最佳化，藉以提高與系統100相關聯之效率。舉例而言，可選擇能管控/減輕干擾、提高頻譜再使用效率、減小附加項等等之各組參數。
區域對等式網路及廣域網路可共用一共同無線頻譜來實施通信；因此，可共用頻寬來藉由不同類型之網路傳送資料。進一步，與區域對等式網路結合使用之參數可根據對廣域網路所用參數；相應地，即使各網路可在同一頻譜中運作，每一網路類型之參數亦可有所不同。此外，在對等式網路中所用之空中介面技術可不同於在廣域網路中所用之空中介面技術。舉例而言，廣域網路可使用基於OFDM之空中介面技術(例如3GPP LTE、WiMax、快閃－OFDM、...)、基於CDMA之空中介面技術(例如CDMA－2000、EV－DO、UMTS寬頻CDMA、HSPA、...)或基於TDMA之空中介面技術(例如GSM、GPRS、EDGE、...)，而區域對等式網路可採樣基於OFDM之空中介面技術。
現在參見圖2，其顯示一根據與對等式通信相關之狀態來選擇參數之系統200。系統200包括無線終端機202，其可藉由對等式網路與不同無線終端機(例如對等裝置)(未顯示)進行通信。無線終端機202可包含一通信器204，其能夠在對等式環境內達成與對等裝置的此種直接信號傳送。舉例而言，通信器204可藉由半雙工模式在對等式架構中達成數據之直接傳送，在該半雙工模式中，無線裝置202無法與對等裝置同時進行數據接收及發射。通信器204(及/或一不同之組件)可進一步能夠使無線終端機202藉由廣域網路向基地台(未顯示)發射資料及/或自基地台接收資料。而且，通信器204能夠使區域對等式網路與廣域網路共用頻寬。
無線終端機202可進一步包括一狀態識別器206及一參數選擇器208。狀態識別器206可確定當前與區域對等式網路相關聯之狀態。對等式網路可為同步的；因此，無線終端機202及不同之無線終端機可在一組時間週期期間實施對等裝置發現、在一組不同之時間週期期間發射控制相關訊務、在另一組不同之時間週期中發射資料相關訊務、等等。根據一實例，狀態識別器206可自某個源獲得、感測、導出、產生等等與定時相關之資訊(例如當前時間)，且狀態識別器206可根據定時資訊來譯解在特定時間(例如當前時間)之狀態。狀態識別器206可使無線終端機202與不同之無線終端機同步化(例如根據所獲得之定時資訊)；例如，狀態識別器206可自一可與無線終端機202之運作同步之源(例如基地台、發射機、...)接收信號。在某個實施例中，該源是為區域對等式網路中之所有無線終端機共同，從而使自該共同源導出之定時資訊對於所有無線終端機而言皆同步。在區域對等式網路中，在既定時刻之狀態以預定方式與時間相關。因此，在第一時間間隔中，該狀態係對等裝置發現，而在第二時間間隔中，該狀態係訊務。在第二時間間隔內，第一部分係用於訊務控制，而第二部分係用於實際訊務段。由於所有終端機之定時資訊皆同步，因而狀態亦同步。因此，在第一時間間隔中，區域對等式網路中之所有終端機皆處於對等裝置發現狀態，而在第二時間間隔中，所有終端機皆處於訊務狀態。終端機藉由將其定時同步化並使狀態以預定方式與定時相關聯來達成狀態同步化。因此，終端機不必為達成狀態同步化而在其中間明確地交換控制傳訊。因此，藉由區域對等式網路進行通信之無線終端機可對時間具有共同之理解。作為另一實例，狀態識別器206可辨識對等裝置發現狀態、控制相關訊務狀態、資料相關訊務狀態、傳呼狀態、等等。可預先確定對應於不同時間之對等式網路狀態。舉例而言，此種資訊可保持於一儲存於記憶體(例如可由狀態識別器206存取)中之查詢表中、由狀態識別器206導出(例如根據一預定公式)、及/或由狀態識別器206以任意方式獲得。
參數選擇器208可存取一組與由狀態識別器206所確定之狀態相關聯之參數。舉例而言，對於基於OFDM之空中介面技術而言，該等參數可與頻調間距、符號時間、循環首碼等等相關，或者對於基於CDMA之空中介面技術而言，該等參數可與CDMA碼片速率相關。由參數選擇器208所選之該組參數可唯一地對應於與所識別狀態相關聯之條件。根據一實例，在對等裝置發現(及/或控制相關訊務)期間，參數選擇器208可識別一組能減小無線裝置202與不同無線裝置之間與交疊之傳輸(例如由於藉由半雙工模式進行之對等式通信)相關聯之干擾之參數。每一無線裝置可在對等裝置發現(及/或控制相關訊務)期間隨機地選擇一傳輸時間。無線裝置可按半雙工模式運作，因而其不能同時進行發射及收聽。因此，無線裝置可能會在其正在進行發射時遺失自其他裝置發送之信號。為減小遺失來自其他裝置之信號之機率，可能需要減少傳輸持續時間；舉例而言，可藉由在一較大之時間百分比中接收資料、而在一較小之時間百分比中發射資料(例如由於無線終端機202不能同時進行接收與發射)來減少傳輸持續時間。因此，該組參數可提供縮短之符號時間(例如與廣域網路所利用之符號時間相比)。作為另一實例，在資料相關訊務狀態期間，參數選擇器208可考量到半雙工模式而選擇一組會減小附加項(例如藉由相對於循環首碼來增大符號時間)而不會抵消參數最佳化之參數，此乃因無線終端機202在相關聯之時間週期期間或者發射或者接收而不在發射與接收之間切換。
參見圖3，其顯示一與藉由區域對等式網路進行之通信相關聯之實例性狀態圖300。根據一實例，圖2中之通信器204可實施與藉由對等式網路進行通信之以下每一狀態相關聯之作業。如圖所示，橫軸302代表時間。圖300中所包含之狀態可與相應各組參數相關聯，以使藉由對等式網路進行之通信最佳化，其中該等參數可基於在每一狀態期間可能出現之傳訊類型。舉例而言，對等裝置發現狀態304可由對等裝置(例如無線終端機)用於確定處於一支援對等式通信之範圍內之不同對等裝置；因此，可在對等裝置發現304中實施相互偵測及識別。在對等裝置發現304期間，每一對等裝置可在相關聯時間週期期間的某些隨機選擇之符號處發射資料。進一步，由於對等式網路利用半雙工，因而為識別處於範圍內之對等裝置，可使每一對等裝置之接收時間量最大化(例如，以減輕半雙工運作之影響)。此外，訊務306可包含一控制部分308(例如控制相關訊務狀態)及一資料部分310(例如資料相關訊務狀態)。舉例而言，控制部分308可用於感測對等式環境中之干擾。相應地，控制部分308可與類似於對等裝置發現304之情形相關聯，乃因對等裝置可在該狀態期間在隨機選擇之符號處進行發射(例如，同時利用一大的時間百分比來接收資料，以監測該環境中之干擾)。因此，可對控制部分308使用一組類似於對對等裝置發現304所用之參數。進一步，在資料部分310期間，各對等裝置可發射或接收資訊而不來回切換。因而，當為資料部分310選取最佳參數時，不需要考量與半雙工模式相關聯之約束條件。另外，儘管圖中未顯示，然而應瞭解，不同之狀態(例如傳呼、...)亦可與對等式通信相關聯。此外，可預先確定用於實施每一狀態之時間週期。
參見圖4，其顯示一根據各個態樣之實例性頻譜400。如圖所示，橫軸402代表頻率。可將一特定載波頻率404之可用頻寬之總量劃分成K個相等間距之頻調(例如頻調間距為△)，其中K可為任一整數。該等頻調之標記可自0至K－1。舉例而言，圖中顯示頻調0 406、頻調1 408、頻調2 410及頻調K－1 412；然而，所請求之標的物並不僅限於此。
頻調間距△可為一對應於區域對等式網路狀態之唯一參數。舉例而言，可對對等裝置發現狀態及控制相關訊務狀態利用類似之頻調間距，並對資料相關訊務狀態採樣不同之頻調間距。作為另一實例，廣域網路可利用與至少一個和區域對等式網路相關聯之頻調間距不同之頻調間距。而且，廣域網路之每一特定類型皆可與一對應頻調間距相關聯(例如，快閃OFDM可利用11.25 kHz之頻調間距，3GPP2可利用9.6 kHz、...之頻調間距)。另外，與區域對等式網路之不同狀態相關聯之頻調間距可根據共用一共同頻寬之特定類型廣域網路之頻調間距(例如，可在由廣域網路所覆蓋地理區域之至少一部分內實施區域對等式網路)。因此，根據一實例，若區域對等式網路與3GPP2共同存在於一既定頻譜中，則與對等式通信相關聯之每一狀態之參數(例如包括頻調間距)可根據3GPP2之參數(例如頻調間距)。
頻調間距可相依於行動性。舉例而言，行動性可造成Doppler效應，此會形成頻率偏移。相應地，頻調0 406可藉由一對應頻率發射；然而，當在接收機處獲得時，頻調0 406可能已偏移至一不同之頻率。可選擇一遠大於預期Doppler偏移之頻調間距。根據一實例，頻調間距可較預期Doppler偏移高約100倍。因而，若預期Doppler偏移為100 Hz(例如對於WAN而言)，則頻調間距可處於10 kHz數量級。然而，應瞭解，所請求之標的物並不僅限於上述實例。而且，對於區域對等式環境而言，與廣域網路相比，行動性可較低，且因此，Doppler可較小。相應地，可對區域對等式網路採用較小之頻調間距(例如，對於資料相關訊務狀態，乃因頻調間距及/或符號時間不需要基於減小干擾之考量因素)。
參見圖5，其顯示一可根據本文所述之各個態樣加以傳送之實例性符號500。如圖所示，橫軸502代表時間。符號500可為正弦波形(例如在OFDM環境中)。符號500 TSYM 包含一循環首碼504及可載送資料之部分506(亦稱作IFFT窗口)。部分506之長度通常等於，其中△係頻調間距。循環首碼504之持續時間TCP 可大於預期之延遲擴展。進一步，TCP 及TSYM 可係為對等式網路(例如對於不同之狀態具有不同之值)及廣域網路所選之參數。
多路徑傳播可造成延遲擴展。舉例而言，單個所發射信號可藉由兩個或更多個路徑到達接收機。根據該實例，可在與不同路徑相關聯之不同時刻獲得信號之副本。延遲擴展可與信號在特定網路內傳播之區域之大小相關。根據一例示，在廣域網路(例如，其可與一大的地理區域相關聯)中，延遲擴展可約為2－3 μs左右；因此，循環首碼(例如TCP )可約為10 μs左右。進一步，對於區域對等式網路而言，延遲擴展可更小(例如，因與較小之地理區域相關聯)；舉例而言，延遲擴展可處於奈秒數量級。相應地，與區域對等式網路相關聯之循環首碼(例如TCP )亦可處於1 μs數量級。而且，舉例而言，對於與區域對等式網路相關之不同狀態，循環首碼可類似(例如，對於對等裝置發現、控制相關訊務、資料相關訊務、...而言，循環首碼可類似)。
循環首碼504係符號500內之附加項。舉例而言，在廣域網路中，符號500中之10%可係附加項(例如TCP 可係10 μs且TSYM 可係100 μs)。此外，對於區域網路而言，頻調間距(△)可小於廣域網路之頻調間距(例如對於資料相關訊務狀態)，且因此，FFT窗口(例如TSYM )可增大，由此會減小附加項。
附加項之減小(例如藉由增大符號時間及減小頻調間距)可與區域對等式網路中下文所述之另一設計約束條件相抵消(例如，在對等裝置發現及控制相關訊務期間)。在對等式網路中，對等裝置可能不具有同時進行接收與發射之能力。舉例而言，可實施對等裝置發現，以使對等裝置在隨機時間位置處發射簽名信號。相應地，當對等裝置發射其簽名信號時，其可能不具有接收由不同對等裝置所發射簽名信號之能力。因此，當符號時間TSYM 增大時，不同對等裝置將同時發射符號之機率增大，從而使得一個對等裝置更有可能遺失由另一對等裝置所發送之信號；因而，在對等裝置發現及控制相關訊務期間所利用之對等式網路符號時間可短於對廣域網路及/或對與對等式通信相關聯之資料相關訊務所利用之符號時間，以減小來自不同對等裝置之傳輸相交疊之機率。
參見圖6，其顯示可在區域對等式環境中在不同狀態期間採用之參數範圍之實例性圖式600。根據一實例，在對等式環境中所使用之參數可根據與一當前正使用可供用於對等式通信之頻譜頻寬之廣域網路相關聯之參數。圖式600描繪相對於廣域網路頻調間距之頻調間距範圍。對等式頻調間距可根據廣域網路頻調間距，因而△ P2P ＝f (△ WAN )，其中△ P2P 係對等式網路之頻調間距，且△ WAN 係廣域網路之頻調間距。舉例而言，△ P 2 P ＝N △ WAN ，其中N 係實數。相應地，在範圍1中，N 1(例如N ＝2,4,8,10,12,16,...)。範圍1中之頻調間距可用於對等裝置發現、控制相關訊務等等。在範圍1中，頻調空間較大且符號時間較短。進一步，範圍2可與對資料相關訊務狀態所採用之頻調間距相關聯，其中範圍2可包含使N1(例如N ＝1/2,1/4,1/8,1/10,1/12,1/16,...)之頻調間距。在範圍2中，頻調空間較小且符號時間較長。根據另一實例，與對等裝置發現及控制相關訊務相關聯之頻調間距可較對資料相關訊務所使用之頻調間距大差不多5倍。根據另一實例，對等裝置發現及控制相關訊務可採用8△ WAN 之頻調間距(例如處於範圍1內)，而對資料相關訊務則可使用△ WAN 或之頻調間距；因此，這些頻調間距之間之比率可例如為8或16。然而，應瞭解，所請求之標的物並不僅限於上述各實例。
現在參見圖7，其顯示一利用一共用頻譜來達成在廣域網路及對等式網路上之通信之系統700。系統700包括無線終端機202，無線終端機202可進一步包括通信器204、狀態識別器206、及參數選擇器208。通信器204(及/或不同之組件(未顯示))可藉由廣域網路(例如與基地台(未顯示)進行通信)達成資料發送及/或接收。此外，通信器204可藉由區域對等式網路達成通信。無線終端機202可藉由任意類型之廣域網路(例如3GPP LTE，3GPP2 EV－DO，CDMA－2000，UMTS W－CDMA，GSM，EDGE，WiMax，快閃－OFDM，...)進行通信。舉例而言，無線終端機202可利用正交分頻多工－分時雙工(OFDM－TDD)模式藉由廣域網路來獲得及/或發射資料(例如一組時刻處之上行鏈路訊務、一組不同時刻處之下行鏈路訊務、...)。而且，通信器204使無線終端機202能夠與不同之對等裝置(例如不同之無線終端機(未顯示))進行通信；然而，無線終端機202例如在以半雙工方式藉由對等式環境進行通信時不能同時發射及接收信號。
此外，狀態識別器206可確定與對等式通信(例如在特定時刻)相關聯之狀態。狀態識別器206可自某一系統源得到定時資訊。實例性源包括發送廣播信號(信標、PN、...)之廣域網路基地台、區域對等式網路中之存取點、內部時鐘、及衛星(例如GPS)。狀態識別器206可隨後根據定時資訊及時間與狀態之間之預定映射來確定與特定時間相關聯之狀態。此外，參數選擇器208可根據預定狀態來識別一組要用於對等式通信之參數。舉例而言，參數選擇器208可選取一組參數(例如縮短之符號時間、增大之頻調間距、...)，以使在狀態識別器206辨識出狀態與對等裝置發現或控制相關訊務相關時，與無線終端機202相比，不同無線終端機202大致同時地實施發射之機率最小化；因此，無線終端機202在採用此組參數時將有可能不會遺失自不同對等裝置傳送之此種資料。
無線終端機202可進一步包括一WAN識別器702，其可判定一頻譜頻寬是否可供無線終端機202用於對等式通信。此外，WAN識別器702可偵測當前使用該頻譜頻寬之廣域網路之類型，例如利用該WAN之具體空中介面技術。根據該實例，WAN識別器702可確定廣域網路為LTE、3GPP、3GPP2、UMTS、WiMax、快閃－OFDM等類型廣域網路之一。作為另一實例，WAN識別器702可進一步偵測與可用廣域網路相關之系統參數。此外，參數選擇器208可根據所識別出之由廣域網路所使用之空中介面技術(例如由WAN識別器702所確定之可用廣域網路之類型)及/或相關聯之系統參數來存取在所識別之狀態期間要用於對等式網路之參數資料。此後，可在該狀態之相關聯時間段期間採用對等式網路之該組參數來發射及/或接收資料。
此外，無線終端機202可包括記憶體704及處理器706。記憶體704可保持查詢表，該(該等)查詢表規定對應於與對等式網路相關聯之各種狀態之參數組(例如參數組1、參數組K、...)。此外，記憶體704可包括對應於各種類型廣域網路之廣域網路參數。另外，記憶體704可保持與如下作業相關之指令：確定廣域網路之身份，偵測與該廣域網路相關聯之參數，識別與對等式網路相關聯之狀態，識別及/或導出要用於對等式網路之參數，等等。此外，處理器706可執行本文所述之指令及/或功能。
根據一實例，無線終端機202可進入廣域網路中。WAN識別器702可確定廣域網路之身份。另外或另一選擇為，WAN識別器702可感測關於廣域網路之資訊(例如廣域網路之參數)。狀態識別器206可確定與一區域對等式網路相關聯之狀態。此外，參數選擇器208可利用一保持於記憶體704中之查詢表來選取對等式參數(例如頻調間距、符號時間、循環首碼、...)，以用於藉由區域對等式網路進行通信。舉例而言，儲存於記憶體704中之查詢表可規定與所識別類型之廣域網路及/或狀態相關之一個或多個對等式參數之值。因此，根據廣域網路之身份及所辨識之狀態，參數選擇器208可採用查詢表或預定公式來確定所要採用之參數。
作為又一例示，參數選擇器208可根據所識別狀態來計算要用於區域對等式網路之參數。WAN識別器702可確定在與對等式網路相同之頻譜中用於廣域網路之WAN參數。舉例而言，WAN識別器702可找到信標、PN(偽隨機)序列信號、導頻信號或其他廣播信號(例如由基地台(未顯示)發射)，此可係與廣域網路相關聯之簽名信號。此外，WAN識別器702可分析該廣播信號，以估計與廣域網路相關聯之WAN參數。根據另一實例，WAN識別器702可識別廣域網路之類型(例如，所使用之空中介面技術)並根據保持於記憶體704中之查詢表來確定與其相關聯之WAN參數。然而，應瞭解，所請求之標的物並不僅限於上述各實例。此後，參數選擇器208可根據WAN參數及由狀態識別器206所確定之當前狀態來導出用於對等式網路之參數。因此，參數選擇器208可根據在相同頻譜中用於廣域網路之WAN參數之知識以及對應於當前對等式相關狀態之情形來最佳地選擇對等式參數。
若對等式網路與廣域網路共同存在於一既定頻譜中，則P2P參數可根據WAN參數及P2P狀態。根據一實例，參數選擇器208可根據此種功能來產生P2P參數。根據另一實例，可在保持於記憶體704中之查詢表中包含用於描述與WAN參數及/或狀態相關之P2P參數之資訊。根據一例示，假定WAN與P2P網路二者皆使用基於OFDM之空中介面技術。可將P2P參數選擇成使△ P 2 P ＝f (△ WAN )，其中△ P 2 P 係對等式網路之頻調間距，且△ WAN 係廣域網路之頻調間距。舉例而言，△ P 2 P ＝N △ WAN ，其中N係實數。當狀態識別器206確定出對等式環境與一對等裝置發現狀態或一控制相關訊務狀態相關聯時，N 1(例如N ＝2，4，8，10，12，16，...)。在另一實例中，狀態識別器206可辨識出一與對等式環境相關聯之資料相關訊務狀態；因此，N 1(例如N ＝1/2，1/4，1/8，1/10，1/12，1/16，...)。此外，將循環首碼之長度選擇成T CP _ P2P ＝g (T CP _ WAN )(例如，其中K＝2，4，8，10，12，16，...)。儘管N因不同之狀態而異，然而在一個或多個實施例中，所有狀態中之K皆相同。舉例而言，對於對等裝置發現狀態或者控制相關訊務狀態，N ＝8，而對於資料相關訊務狀態，N ＝1/2。然而，對於該三種狀態言，皆為K＝8。因此，在不同之實施例中，用於對等式網路之頻調間距可較用於廣域網路之頻調間距大N倍，且用於對等式網路之符號時間可較用於廣域網路之符號時間短N倍。應注意，函數f或g可相依於WAN所使用之特定空中介面。舉例而言，若WAN使用3GPP LTE空中介面技術或者若WAN使用WiMax空中介面技術，則即使該兩種技術可能皆基於OFDM，函數f或g亦可能有所不同。此外，根據一例示，假定P2P網路使用基於OFDM之空中介面技術，但WAN網路使用基於CDMA之空中介面技術，例如UMTS W－CDMA。可將P2P參數選擇成△ P 2 P ＝h (FC WAN )，其中FC WAN 可代表在UMTS W－CDMA中所使用之系統參數(例如CDMA碼片速率)。
參見圖8－10 ，其顯示與根據所識別狀態來選擇對等式環境中之通信參數之方法。儘管為簡化說明起見，將該等方法顯示及描述為一系列動作，然而應瞭解及知曉，該等方法並不受限於動作次序，此乃因根據一個或多個實施例，某些動作可按不同於本文所示及所述之次序進行及/或與其他動作同時進行。舉例而言，熟習此項技術者將瞭解及知曉，一種方法亦可表示為一系列(例如，一狀態圖中之)相互關聯之狀態或事件。此外，在根據一個或多個實施例構建一種方法時可能並不需要所有所示作業。
參見圖8，其顯示一種促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法800。在802中，可對對等式網路中之第一狀態使用第一組參數。舉例而言，該等參數可與頻調間距、符號時間、循環首碼等等相關。第一組參數可用於在一與第一狀態相關聯之時間週期期間藉由對等式網路實施發射及/或接收。在804中，可對對等式網路中之第二狀態使用第二組參數。第二組參數可用於在一對應於第二狀態之時間週期中藉由對等式網路發送及/或獲得資料。可使各種狀態與藉由對等式網路進行之通信相關聯。舉例而言，對等式通信可利用一對等裝置發現狀態、一控制相關訊務狀態、一資料相關訊務狀態、一傳呼狀態等等。此外，不同之狀態可採用不同之參數組。舉例而言，可將對等裝置發現及控制相關訊務最佳化，以減小及/或管控不同對等裝置之傳輸之間之干擾；因此，此等狀態可利用一組包含變短之符號時間及變大之頻調間距之參數。根據又一實例，資料相關訊務可利用能減小附加項(例如與循環首碼相關聯之附加項)之參數，乃因在與此種狀態相關聯之時間訊框期間，各對等裝置發射或接收資料而不實施切換。因而，用於資料相關訊務狀態之參數組可包括變長之符號時間及變小之頻調間距，此可減小總符號時間中與循環首碼相關聯之百分比，以減小附加項。
現在參見圖9 ，其顯示一種促進識別要用於藉由區域對等式網路進行通信之參數之方法900。在902中，可識別與對等式通信相關聯之狀態。用於對等式通信之狀態可出現於預定時刻(例如根據一預定公式加以確定)。此外，可將對等式網路內之對等裝置同步化(例如根據所接收信號)，且因此，每一對等裝置可辨識與對等裝置發現、資料相關訊務、控制相關訊務、傳呼等等相關聯之時間週期。根據一例示，可識別當前時間並可確定對應於當前時間之狀態。因此，舉例而言，該狀態可根據公式加以計算、自保持於記憶體中之查詢表擷取、經感測得到、等等。在904中，可根據該狀態來存取一組要用於對等式通信之參數。根據一實例，可自保持於記憶體中之查詢表獲得一個或多個參數。根據另一實例，可至少部分地根據該狀態來計算一個或多個參數。此外，對等式網路可與廣域網路共用頻譜。相應地，該組參數可根據該狀態以及與廣域網路相關聯之不同參數。可採用該組用於對等式通信之參數藉由對等式網路來發射及/或接收資料。舉例而言，用於對等裝置發現狀態或控制相關訊務狀態之該組參數可減小半雙工對等裝置可能會在該第一對等裝置自身正在實施發射之同時遺失由第二對等裝置所發射信號之機率。根據另一實例，用於資料相關訊務狀態之該組參數組可藉由包含變長之符號時間及/或變小之頻調間距來減小附加項。
參見圖10 ，其顯示一種促進根據狀態及廣域網路類型(例如空中介面技術)來識別對等式參數之方法1000。在1002中，可識別對等式網路之狀態。舉例而言，可根據時間值來辨識與對等裝置發現、控制相關訊務、資料相關訊務等等相關之狀態。在1004中，可識別與對等式網路共用頻寬之廣域網路之類型。舉例而言，廣域網路可使用基於OFDM之空中介面技術(例如3GPP LTE、WiMax、快閃－OFDM、...)、基於CDMA之空中介面技術(例如CDMA－2000、EV－DO、UMTS寬頻CDMA、HSPA、...)或基於TDMA之空中介面技術(例如GSM、GPRS、EDGE、...)。另外，可確定WAN參數，其中對於基於OFDM之空中介面技術而言，WAN參數可與頻調間距、符號時間、循環首碼等等相關，或者對於基於CDMA之空中介面技術而言，可與CDMA碼片速率相關聯。在1006中，可根據對等式網路之狀態及廣域網路之類型來獲得對等式網路之參數。舉例而言，可根據該狀態及該等WAN參數來導出對等式網路之參數。此外，可根據該狀態及在廣域網路中所採用空中介面技術之類型，自保持於記憶體中之查詢表中擷取對等式參數。
應瞭解，根據本文所述之一個或多個態樣，可做出關於根據對等式網路之狀態來確定要用於對等式通信之參數之推斷。本文中所用措詞「推斷(infer或inference)」大體係指根據藉由事件及/或資料所獲取之一組觀測值來推出或推斷系統、環境及/或使用者之狀態之過程。舉例而言，推斷可被用來識別一特定上下文或動作，或者可產生狀態之概率分散。該推斷可具有概率性，亦即，基於對資料及事件之考量來計算所關心狀態之概率分散。推斷亦可係指用於自一組事件及/或資料構成更高階事件之技術。此種推斷可使得自一組所觀測事件及/或所儲存事件資料構造出新的事件或動作，無論該等事件是否以時間上緊鄰之形式相關，且無論該等事件及資料是來自一個還是來自數個事件及資料源。
根據一實例，上文所述之一種或多種方法可包括做出關於確定與藉由對等式網路進行通信結合使用之參數之推斷。根據另一實例，可作出關於下述之推斷：根據一與對等式網路利用共用頻譜之廣域網路之狀態及/或類型來選擇最佳化參數。應瞭解，以上實例係例示性且並不旨在限制可做出之推斷數量或結合本文所述各個實施例及/或方法做出該等推斷之方式。
圖11 繪示一根據各種態樣構建而成之實例性通信系統1100，其包括多個小區：小區I 1102，小區M 1104。應注意，各相鄰小區1102、1104略微交疊，如小區邊界區域1168所示，從而造成在由相鄰小區中基地台所發射之信號之間存在信號干擾之可能。系統1100中之每一小區1102、1104皆包含三個扇區。根據本發明之各種態樣，亦可存在尚未細分成多個扇區(N＝1)之小區、具有兩個扇區(N＝2)之小區、及具有多於3個扇區(N>3)之小區。小區1102包含一第一扇區－扇區I 1110、一第二扇區－扇區II 1112、及一第三扇區－扇區III 1114。每一扇區1110、1112、1114皆具有兩個扇區邊界區域；每一邊界區域皆由兩個相鄰扇區共用。
扇區邊界區域造成使在由相鄰扇區中基地台所發射信號之間存在信號干擾之可能。線1116代表扇區I 1110與扇區II 1112之間之扇區邊界區域；線1118代表扇區II 1112與扇區III 1114之間之扇區邊界區域；線1120代表扇區III 1114與扇區I 1110之間之扇區邊界區域。類似地，小區M 1104包含一第一扇區－扇區I 1122、一第二扇區－扇區II 1124、及一第三扇區－扇區III 1126。線1128代表扇區I 1122與扇區II 1124之間之扇區邊界區域；線1130代表扇區II 1124與扇區III 1126之間之扇區邊界區域；線1132代表扇區III 1126與扇區I 1122之間之邊界區域。小區I 1102包含一基地台(BS)－基地台I 1106、及位於每一扇區1110、1112、1114中之複數個端節點(EN；end node)(例如無線終端機)。扇區I 1110包含分別藉由無線鏈路1140、1142耦接至BS 1106之EN(1)1136及EN(X)1138；扇區II 1112包含分別藉由無線鏈路1148、1150耦接至BS 1106之EN(1')1144及EN(X')1146；扇區III 1114分別包含藉由無線鏈路1156、1158耦接至BS 1106之EN(1")1152及EN(X")1154。同樣地，小區M 1104包含基地台M 1108、及位於每一扇區1122、1124、1126中之複數個端節點(EN)。扇區I 1122包含分別藉由無線鏈路1140'、1142'耦接至BS M 1108之EN(1)1136'及EN(X)1138'；扇區II 1124包含分別藉由無線鏈路1148'、1150'耦接至BS M 1108之EN(1')1144'及EN(X')1146'；扇區3 1126分別包含藉由無線鏈路1156'、1158'耦接至BS 1108之EN(1")1152'及EN(X")1154'。
系統1100亦包含一網路節點1160，其分別藉由網路鏈路1162、1164耦接至BS I 1106及BS M 1108。網路節點1160亦藉由網路鏈路1166耦接至其他網路節點，例如其他基地台、AAA伺服器節點、中間節點、選路器、等等、以及網際網路。網路鏈路1162、1164、1166可例如為光纜。各端節點(例如EN(1)1136)可為一包含發射機以及接收機之無線終端機。各無線終端機(例如EN(1)1136)可在系統1100中移動並可藉由無線鏈路與該EN當前所處之小區中之基地台進行通信。無線終端機(WT)，例如EN(1)1136，可經由基地台(例如BS 1106)及/或網路節點1160與對等節點(例如系統1100中或系統1100以外之其他WT)進行通信。WT(例如EN(1)1136)可係行動通信裝置，例如行動電話、帶有無線數據機之個人資料助理等等。各自之基地台對條紋符號週期使用一種方法來執行頻調子集分配，此種方法不同於用於分配頻調及確定其餘符號週期(例如非條紋符號週期)中之頻調跳躍之方法。無線終端機使用頻調子集分配方法以及自基地台接收之資訊(例如基地台斜度ID、扇區ID資訊)來確定其可用於在特定條紋符號週期處接收資料及資訊之頻調。根據各種態樣，該頻調子集分配序列經構造以使扇區間及小區間干擾分散於各個頻調中。
通信系統1100亦可支援區域對等式通信。舉例而言，可對區域對等式通信以及藉由廣域網路(例如蜂巢式基礎結構網路)之通信二者利用一共同頻譜。無線終端機可藉由一區域對等式網路(例如對等式網路1170、1172及1174)與其他對等裝置進行通信。儘管圖中繪示三個對等式網路1170－1174，然而應瞭解，亦可支援任意數量、大小、形狀等等之對等式網路。舉例而言，每一對等式網路1170－1174可支援在各無線終端機之間直接傳送信號。此外，每一對等式網路1170－1174可包含位於一類似地理區域(例如位於彼此之範圍內)之無線終端機。舉例而言，EN(1)1136可藉由區域對等式網路1170與EN(X)1138進行通信。然而，應瞭解，各無線終端機無需與將包含於一共同對等式網路中之同一扇區及/或小區相關聯。進一步，各對等式網路可相交疊(例如EN(X')1146可利用對等式網路1172及1174)。另外，一對等式網路可不支援無線終端機。在廣域網路與對等式網路相交疊時，無線終端機可採用廣域網路及/或對等式網路(例如同時採用或串列地採用)。此外，無線終端機可無縫地切換或同時利用此等網路。相應地，無線終端機(無論係發射終端機及/或接收終端機)可選擇性地採用該等網路中之一個或多個來使通信最佳化。
圖12 圖解說明一根據各種態樣之實例性基地台1200。基地台1200執行頻調子集分配序列，其中為小區中各個不同之扇區類型產生不同之頻調子集分配序列。基地台1200可用作圖11所示基地台1106、1108中之任一者。基地台1200包括一接收機1202、一發射機1204、一處理器1206(例如CPU)、一輸入/輸出介面1208及記憶體1210，該等元件藉由一匯流排1209耦接於一起，各元件1202、1204、1206、1208及1210可藉由匯流排1209交換資料及資訊。
耦接至接收機1202之扇區化天線1203用於自來自基地台之小區內每一扇區之無線終端機傳輸接收資料及其他信號，例如頻道報告。耦接至發射機1204之扇區化天線1205用於將資料及其他信號(例如控制信號、導頻信號、信標信號等等)發射至基地台之小區之每一扇區內之無線終端機1300(參見圖13)。在各態樣中，基地台1200可採用多個接收機1202及多個發射機1204，例如對每一扇區採用一單獨之接收機1202及對每一扇區採用一單獨之發射機1204。處理器1206可例如為一通用中央處理單元(CPU)。處理器1206在儲存於記憶體1210中之一個或多個常式1218之管控下控制基地台1200之運作並執行該等方法。I/O介面1208提供一接至其他網路節點之連接，從而將BS 1200耦接至其他基地台、存取選路器、AAA伺服器節點等等、其他網路、及網際網路。記憶體1210包括常式1218及資料/資訊1220。
資料/資訊1220包括：資料1236；頻調子集分配序列資訊1238，其包含下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊1240及下行鏈路頻調資訊1242；及無線終端機(WT)資料/資訊1244，其包含複數組WT資訊：WT 1資訊1246及WT N資訊1260。每一組WT資訊(例如WT 1資訊1246)皆包含資料1248、終端機ID 1250、扇區ID 1252、上行鏈路頻道資訊1254、下行鏈路頻道資訊1256、及模式資訊1258。
常式1218包括通信常式1222及基地台控制常式1224。基地台控制常式1224包括一排程器模組1226及若干傳訊常式1228，包括一用於條紋符號週期之頻調子集分配常式1230、用於其餘符號週期(例如非條紋符號週期)之下行鏈路頻調分配跳躍常式1232、及一信標常式1234。
資料1236包含：欲發射資料，其將在傳輸至WT之前發送至發射機1204之編碼器1214以便進行編碼；及自WT接收之資料，其在接收到之後已經過接收機1202之解碼器1212處理。下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊1240包含：訊框同步化結構資訊，例如超級時槽、信標時槽、及超時槽結構資訊；及對如下加以規定之資訊：一既定符號週期是否係一條紋符號週期，及若係一條紋符號週期，該條紋符號週期之索引，及該條紋符號是否係一截斷基地台所用頻調子集分配序列之重設點。下行鏈路頻調資訊1242包含：包含指配給基地台1200之載波頻率之資訊，頻調之數量及頻率，及分配給條紋符號週期之頻調子集之集合，及其他小區及扇區特定值，例如斜度、斜度索引及扇區類型。
資料1248可包含：WT1 1300已自一對等節點接收之資料，WT1 1300想要發射至一對等節點之資料，及下行鏈路頻道品質報告回饋資訊。終端機ID 1250係一由基地台1200所指配之用於識別WT 1 1300之ID。扇區ID 1252包含用於識別WT1 1300正在其中運作之扇區之資訊。舉例而言，扇區ID 1252可用於確定扇區類型。上行鏈路頻道資訊1254包含用於識別已由排程器1226分配給WT1 1300使用之頻道段(例如用於資料之上行鏈路訊務頻道段、用於請求、功率控制、定時控制等等之專用上行鏈路控制段)之資訊。指配給WT1 1300之每一上行鏈路頻道皆包括一個或多個邏輯頻調，其中每一邏輯頻調皆跟隨於一上行鏈路跳躍序列之後。下行鏈路頻道資訊1256包含用於識別已由排程器1226分配用於向WT1 1300載送資料及/或資訊之頻道段(例如用於使用者資料之下行鏈路訊務頻道段)之資訊。指配給WT1 1300之每一下行鏈路頻道皆包含一個或多個邏輯頻調，其中每一邏輯頻調皆跟隨於一下行鏈路跳躍序列之後。模式資訊1258包含用於識別WT1 1300之運作狀態(例如睡眠、保持、接通)之資訊。
通信常式1222控制基地台1200實施各種通信作業並執行各種通信協定。基地台控制常式1224用於控制基地台1200實施基本之基地台功能任務，例如信號產生及接收、排程、及執行某些態樣之方法之步驟，包括在條紋符號週期期間使用頻調子集分配序列向無線終端機發射信號。
傳訊常式1228控制接收機1202(帶有其解碼器1212)及發射機1204(帶有其編碼器1214)之運作。傳訊常式1228負責控制產生所發射資料1236及控制資訊。頻調子集分配常式1230使用該態樣之方法及使用包含下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊1240和扇區ID 1252之資料/資訊1220來構造要在一條紋符號週期中使用之頻調子集。下行鏈路頻調子集分配序列對於小區中每一扇區類型而言皆有所不同且對於毗鄰扇區亦有所不同。WT 1300根據下行鏈路頻調子集分配序列在條紋符號週期中接收信號；基地台1200使用相同之下行鏈路頻調子集分配序列來產生所發射信號。其他下行鏈路頻調分配跳躍常式1232對不同於條紋符號週期之符號週期使用包含下行鏈路頻調資訊1242、及下行鏈路頻道資訊1256之資訊來構造下行鏈路頻調跳躍序列。在一小區之各扇區中將下行鏈路資料頻調跳躍序列同步化。信標常式1234控制一信標信號之傳輸，例如一具有集中於一個或幾個頻調上之相對高功率之信號，其可用於同步化目的，例如用於將下行鏈路信號之訊框定時結構並因此將頻調子集分配序列相對於一超時槽邊界同步化。
圖13 圖解說明一實例性無線終端機(例如端節點、行動裝置、...)1300，其可用作圖11所示系統1100中之任一無線終端機(例如端節點、行動裝置、...)，例如EN(1)1136。無線終端機1300執行頻調子集分配序列。無線終端機1300包括一包含解碼器1312之接收機1302、一包含編碼器1314之發射機1304、一處理器1306、及記憶體1308，該等元件1302、1304、1306、1308藉由一匯流排1310耦接於一起以使該等元件可在匯流排1310上交換資料及資訊。一用於自一基地台1200(及/或一不同之無線終端機)接收信號之天線1303耦接至接收機1302。一用於例如向基地台1200(及/或一不同之無線終端機)發射信號之天線1305耦接至發射機1304。
處理器1306(例如一CPU)控制無線終端機1300之運作並藉由執行常式1320及使用記憶體1308中之資料/資訊1322來實施各種方法。
資料/資訊1322包含使用者資料1334、使用者資訊1336、頻調子集分配序列資訊1350、及一查詢表1356。使用者資料1334可包含：指定用於一對等裝置節點之資料，此將在由發射機1304發射至基地台1200之前投送至編碼器1314來進行編碼；及自基地台1200接收之資料，其已在接收機1302中經過解碼器1312處理。使用者資訊1336包含上行鏈路頻道資訊1338、下行鏈路頻道資訊1340、終端機ID資訊1342、基地台ID資訊1344、扇區ID資訊1346、及模式資訊1348。上行鏈路頻道資訊1338包含用於識別上行鏈路頻道段之資訊，該等上行鏈路頻道段已由基地台1200指配，以供無線終端機1300在向基地台1200實施發射時使用。上行鏈路頻道可包含上行鏈路訊務頻道、專用上行鏈路控制頻道(例如請求頻道)、功率控制頻道及定時控制頻道。每一上行鏈路頻道皆包含一個或多個邏輯頻調，每一邏輯頻調皆跟隨於一上行鏈路頻調跳躍序列之後。一小區中每一扇區類型之間及各毗鄰小區之間之上行鏈路跳躍序列皆有所不同。下行鏈路頻道資訊1340包含用於識別下行鏈路頻道段之資訊，該等下行鏈路頻道段已由基地台1200指配給WT 1300，以供在BS 1200向WT 1300發射資料/資訊時使用。下行鏈路頻道可包含下行鏈路訊務頻道及指配頻道，每一下行鏈路頻道皆包含一個或多個邏輯頻調，每一邏輯頻調皆跟隨於一下行鏈路跳躍序列之後，下行鏈路跳躍序列在小區中每一扇區之間同步化。
使用者資訊1336亦包含：終端機ID資訊1342，其係一由基地台1200指配之識別資訊；基地台ID資訊1344，其識別WT已與之建立通信之特定基地台1200；及扇區ID資訊1346，其識別小區中WT 1300當前位於其中之特定扇區。基地台ID 1344提供一小區斜度值，且扇區ID資訊1346提供一扇區索引類型；小區斜度值及扇區索引類型可用於導出頻調跳躍序列。亦包含於使用者資訊1348中之模式資訊1336識別WT 1300係處於睡眠模式、保持模式還是接通模式中。
頻調子集分配序列資訊1350包含下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊1352及下行鏈路頻調資訊1354。下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊1352包含：訊框同步化結構資訊，例如超級時槽、信標時槽、及超時槽結構資訊；及對如下加以規定之資訊：一既定符號週期是否係一條紋符號週期，及若係一條紋符號週期，該條紋符號週期之索引，及該條紋符號是否係一截斷基地台所用頻調子集分配序列之重設點。下行鏈路頻調資訊1354包含：包含指配給基地台1200之載波頻率之資訊，頻調之數量及頻率，及分配給條紋符號週期之頻調子集之集合，及其他小區及扇區特定值，例如斜度、斜度索引及扇區類型。
常式1320包含通信常式1324、無線終端機控制常式1326、狀態識別常式1328、WAN類型確定常式1330、及參數選擇常式1332。通信常式1324控制由WT 1300所用之各種通信協定。舉例而言，通信常式1324能夠藉由一廣域網路(例如與基地台1200)進行通信及/或藉由一區域對等式網路(例如直接與不同之無線終端機)進行通信。無線終端機控制常式1326控制基本之無線終端機1300功能度，包括對接收機1302及發射機1304之控制。狀態識別常式1328控制對與對等式網路相關聯之狀態之確定。舉例而言，狀態識別常式1328可達成無線終端機與和一共同對等式網路相關聯之不同無線終端機之同步化。此外，狀態識別常式1328可將查用表1356與狀態識別結合使用。WAN類型確定常式1330控制對一與對等式網路共用頻寬之廣域網路之類型之識別(例如辨識空中介面技術)。此外，WAN類型確定常式1330可採用查詢表1356。參數選擇常式1332控制用於對等式通信之各組參數。舉例而言，可識別例如頻調間距、循環首碼、符號時間等等參數。此外，參數選擇常式1332可利用查詢表1356。
現在參見圖14 ，其圖解說明一藉由對等式網路實施通信之系統1400。舉例而言，系統1400可至少部分地駐存於一無線終端機內。應瞭解，將系統1400表示成包括若干功能塊，該等功能塊可為代表由一處理器、軟體、或其組合(例如韌體)所執行之功能之功能塊。系統1400包括一由可一同發揮作用之電組件構成之邏輯群組1402。例如，邏輯群組1402可包括一用於識別與對等式通信相關聯之狀態之電組件1404。舉例而言，各狀態(例如對等裝置發現、控制相關訊務、資料相關訊務、傳呼、...)可在預定時刻與對等式網路相關聯。進一步，各對等裝置可同步化，以具有對時間之共同理解。因此，可根據時間來確定狀態。此外，邏輯群組1402可包含一根據狀態來存取一組要用於對等式通信之參數之電組件1406。對等式網路可利用與廣域網路共用之頻寬。根據一實例，可導出要用於對等式通信之參數(例如根據廣域網路之狀態、類型、及/或對應於廣域網路之參數)。根據又一實例，可自一查詢表中識別對等式網路參數。另外，系統1400可包括一記憶體1408，其保持用於執行與電組件1404及1406相關聯之功能之指令。儘管圖中顯示處於記憶體1408外部，然而應瞭解，電組件1404及1406中之一個或多個亦可存在於記憶體1408內。
應瞭解，本文所述之實施例可實施於硬體、軟體、韌體、中間體、微碼、或其任一組合中。對於硬體實施方案而言，各處理單元可實施於一個或多個應用專用積體電路(ASIC)、數位信號處理器(DSP)、數位信號處理裝置(DSPD)、可程式化邏輯裝置(PLD)、現場可程式化閘陣列(FPGA)、處理器、控制器、微控制器、微處理器、其他設計用於執行本文所述功能之電子單元、或其一組合中。
當該等實施例實施於軟體、韌體、中間體或微碼、程式碼或碼段中時，其可儲存於例如儲存組件等機器可讀媒體中。碼段可代表程序、功能、次程式、程式、常式、次常式、模組、軟體包、類別、或任何由指令、資料結構或程式語句構成之組合。碼段可藉由傳遞及/或接收資訊、資料、自變數、參數或記憶體內容而耦合至另一碼段或硬體電路。資訊、自變數、參數、資料等可使用包括記憶體共用、訊息傳遞、記號傳遞、網路傳輸等在內之任何合適途徑來傳遞、轉接或傳輸。
對於軟體實施方案而言，可使用執行本文所述功能之模組(例如，程序、功能等等)來構建本文所述技術。該等軟體碼可儲存於記憶體單元中並由處理器執行。該記憶體單元既可構建於處理器內亦可構建於處理器外，於後一情況下，該記憶體單元可藉由此項技術中所習知之各種途徑以通信方式耦合至該處理器。
上文所述內容包括一個或多個實施例之實例。當然，不可能出於說明前述實施例之目的而說明各組件或方法之每一種可構想組合，但熟習此項技術者可知，各個實施例亦可存在諸多進一步之組合及排列。相應地，所述實施例旨在囊括歸屬於隨附申請專利範圍之精神及範疇內之所有該等改變、修改及變化型式。此外，就本詳細說明或申請專利範圍中所用措詞「包括(includes)」而言，該措詞之包括方式擬與措詞「包括(comprising)」在一請求項中用作一轉折詞時所解釋之方式相同。
100．．．系統
102．．．無線終端機
104．．．基地台
200．．．系統
202．．．無線終端機
204．．．通信器
206．．．狀態識別器
208．．．參數選擇器
302．．．橫軸
304．．．對等裝置發現狀態
306．．．訊務
308．．．控制部分
310．．．資料部分
400．．．實例性頻譜
402．．．橫軸
404．．．載波頻率
406．．．頻調0
408．．．頻調1
410．．．頻調2
412．．．頻調K－1
500．．．實例性符號
502．．．橫軸
504．．．循環首碼
506．．．可載送資料之部分
700．．．系統
702．．．WAN識別器
704．．．記憶體
706．．．處理器
1100．．．通信系統
1102．．．小區
1104．．．小區
1106．．．基地台
1108．．．基地台M
1110．．．扇區I
1112．．．扇區II
1114．．．扇區III
1116．．．線
1118．．．線
1120．．．線
1122．．．扇區I
1124．．．扇區II
1126．．．扇區III
1128．．．線
1130．．．線
1132．．．線
1136．．．EN(1)
1138．．．EN(X)
1138'．．．EN(X)
1140．．．無線鏈路
1140'．．．無線鏈路
1142．．．無線鏈路
1142'．．．無線鏈路
1144．．．EN(1')
1144'．．．EN(1')
1146．．．EN(X')
1146'．．．EN(X')
1148．．．無線鏈路
1148'．．．無線鏈路
1150．．．無線鏈路
1150'．．．無線鏈路
1152．．．EN(1")
1152'．．．EN(1")
1154．．．EN(X")
1154'．．．EN(X")
1156．．．無線鏈路
1156'．．．無線鏈路
1158．．．無線鏈路
1158'．．．無線鏈路
1160．．．網路節點
1162．．．網路鏈路
1164．．．網路鏈路
1166．．．網路鏈路
1168．．．小區邊界區域
1170．．．對等式網路
1172．．．對等式網路
1174．．．對等式網路
1200．．．實例性基地台
1202．．．接收機
1203．．．扇區化天線
1204．．．發射機
1205．．．扇區化天線
1206．．．處理器
1208．．．輸入/輸出介面
1209．．．匯流排
1210．．．記憶體
1212．．．解碼器
1214．．．編碼器
1218．．．常式
1220．．．資料/資訊
1222．．．通信常式
1224．．．基地台控制常式
1226．．．排程器模組
1228．．．傳訊常式
1230．．．頻調子集分配常式
1232．．．下行鏈路頻調分配跳躍常式
1234．．．信標常式
1236．．．資料
1238．．．頻調子集分配序列資訊
1240．．．下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊
1242．．．下行鏈路頻調資訊
1244．．．無線終端機(WT)資料/資訊
1246．．．WT 1資訊
1248．．．資料
1250．．．終端機ID
1252．．．扇區ID
1254．．．上行鏈路頻道資訊
1256．．．下行鏈路頻道資訊
1258．．．模式資訊
1260．．．WT N資訊
1300．．．無線終端機
1302．．．接收機
1303．．．天線
1304．．．發射機
1305．．．天線
1306．．．處理器
1308．．．記憶體
1310．．．匯流排
1312．．．解碼器
1314．．．編碼器
1320．．．常式
1322．．．資料/資訊
1324．．．通信常式
1326．．．無線終端機控制常式
1328．．．狀態識別常式
1330．．．WAN類型確定常式
1332．．．參數選擇常式
1334．．．使用者資料
1336．．．使用者資訊
1338．．．上行鏈路頻道資訊
1340．．．下行鏈路頻道資訊
1342．．．終端機ID資訊
1344．．．基地台ID資訊
1346．．．扇區ID資訊
1348．．．模式資訊
1350．．．頻調子集分配序列資訊
1352．．．下行鏈路條紋符號時間資訊
1354．．．下行鏈路頻調資訊
1356．．．查詢表
1400．．．系統
1402．．．邏輯群組
1404．．．用於識別與對等式通信相關聯之狀態之電組件
1406．．．根據狀態來存取一組要用於對等式通信之參數之電組件
1408．．．記憶體
圖1係一根據本文所述各種態樣之無線通信系統之圖解；圖2係一根據與對等式通信相關聯之狀態來選擇參數之實例性系統之圖解；圖3係一與藉由區域對等式網路進行之通信相關聯之實例性狀態圖之圖解；圖4係一根據各種態樣之實例性頻譜之圖解；圖5係一可根據本文所述各種態樣加以傳送之實例性符號之圖解；圖6係一可在區域對等式環境中在不同狀態期間採用之實例性參數範圍圖之圖解；圖7係一利用共用頻譜來達成藉由廣域網路及對等式網路進行之通信之實例性系統之圖解；圖8係一種促進在區域對等式網路中選擇參數之實例性方法之圖解；圖9係一種促進識別要用於藉由區域對等式網路進行通信之參數之實例性方法之圖解；圖10係一種促進根據狀態及廣域網路之類型(例如空中介面技術)來識別對等式參數之實例性方法之圖解；圖11係一根據各種態樣構建而成的包含多個小區之實例性通信系統之圖解；圖12係一根據各種態樣之實例性基地台之圖解；圖13係一根據本文所述之各種態樣構建而成之實例性無線終端機(例如行動裝置、端節點、...)之圖解；圖14係一能夠藉由一區域對等式網路進行通信之實例性系統之圖解。
200．．．系統
202．．．無線終端機
204．．．通信器
206．．．狀態識別器
208．．．參數選擇器

Claims (50)

  1. 一種在一對等式網路中運作一通訊裝置之方法，該方法包括：在對等式運作之一第一狀態期間利用一第一符號時間，該第一狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態或者一控制相關訊務狀態之其中一者，該第一符號時間經指定於一第一組參數中；及在對等式運作之一第二狀態期間利用較該第一符號時間長之一第二符號時間，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態，該第二符號時間經指定於一第二組參數中。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其中在對等式運作之該第一狀態期間利用該第一符號時間包括在一第一時間間隔期間利用該第一符號時間，該第一時間間隔係一對等裝置發現時間間隔及一訊務控制時間間隔之一者；及其中在對等式運作之該資料相關訊務狀態期間利用該第二符號時間包括在一第二時間間隔使用該第二符號時間，該第二時間間隔跟隨於該第一時間間隔之後，該第二時間間隔係一資料訊務時間間隔。
  3. 如請求項2之方法，其中對等式運作之該第一狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態且該第一時間間隔係一對等裝置時間間隔；其中該對等裝置發現狀態係對等式運作之一半雙工模式狀態，且該訊務狀態並非對等式運作之一半雙工模式 狀態；及其中該方法進一步包含：在該訊務控制時間間隔期間利用該第一符號時間，該訊務控制時間間隔發生於該對等裝置發現時間期間及該資料訊務時間期間之間。
  4. 如請求項1之方法，其中在對等式運作之一第一狀態期間利用一第一符號時間包括在一第一時間間隔期間使用該第一符號時間，該第一時間間隔係一訊務控制時間間隔；其中在對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態期間利用一第二符號時間包括在一資料訊務時間間隔期間使用該第二符號時間，該資料訊務時間間隔跟隨於該訊務控制時間間隔之後且係一訊務間隔之部分，該訊務控制間隔亦對應於該訊務間隔；及其中該第一組參數與該第二組參數相較包括一較大之頻調間距。
  5. 如請求項2之方法，其中在對等式運作之該第一狀態期間利用該第一符號時間包括在該第一時間間隔期間發射及接收之兩者；其中利用該第二符號時間包括在該第二時間間隔期間進行發射及接收之單一者。
  6. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包括識別該第一狀態還是該第二狀態係與一當前時間相關聯。
  7. 如請求項6之方法，其進一步包括自一系統源導出該當 前時間並使用該狀態與該當前時間之間的一預定映射來確定與該當前時間相關聯之該狀態。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，其中該系統源係如下中之一者：一來自一廣域網路中一基地台或來自一存取點之廣播信號，一來自一GPS衛星之衛星信號，及一來自一內部時鐘之時鐘信號。
  9. 如請求項6之方法，其進一步包括根據該所識別狀態來存取參數。
  10. 如請求項9之方法，存取該等參數進一步包括自一保持於記憶體中之查詢表中擷取對應於該所識別狀態之該等參數。
  11. 如請求項9之方法，存取該等參數進一步包括：至少部分地根據該所識別狀態來計算該等參數。
  12. 如請求項1之方法，其中該對等式網路與一廣域網路共用頻寬。
  13. 一種促進在一區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法，其包含：將一第一組參數利用於一對等式網路之一第一狀態，該第一狀態係對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態，該第一組參數指定一第一符號時間；及將一第二組參數利用於該對等式網路之一第二狀態，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一訊務狀態，該第二組參數指定一第二符號時間，該第二符號時間較該第一符號時間長； 其中該區域對等式網路使用一基於OFDM之空中介面技術，且該組參數係關於頻調間距、符號時間、及循環首碼中之一者或全部；及其中該第一組參數及該第二組參數包括對應於類似之循環首碼之參數。
  14. 如請求項13之方法，其中該等類似之循環首碼具有相同之長度。
  15. 一種促進在一區域對等式網路中選擇參數之方法，其包含：將一第一組參數利用於一對等式網路之一第一狀態，該第一狀態係對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態，該第一組參數指定一第一符號時間；及將一第二組參數利用於該對等式網路之一第二狀態，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一訊務狀態，該第二組參數指定一第二符號時間，該第二符號時間較該第一符號時間長；其中該第一組參數及該第二組參數係與和該對等式網路共用頻寬之一廣域網路相關之參數之一函數，該廣域網路使用較該第一符號時間及該第二符號時間長之一符號時間。
  16. 一種用於一對等式網路中之無線通信設備，其包含：一記憶體，其包括多個指令，該等指令在執行時控制該通信設備以：在對等式運作之一第一狀態期間利用一第一符號時 間，該第一狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態或者一控制相關訊務狀態之其中一者，該第一符號時間經指定於一第一組參數中；及在對等式運作之一第二狀態期間利用較該第一符號時間長之一第二符號時間，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態，該第二符號時間經指定於一第二組參數中；及一耦接至該記憶體之處理器，其經組態以執行保持於該記憶體中之該等指令。
  17. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中控制該通信設備以在對等式運作之該第一狀態期間利用該第一符號時間包括在一第一時間間隔期間控制該通信設備以使用該第一符號時間，該第一時間間隔係一對等裝置發現時間間隔或者一訊務控制時間間隔之其中一者；及控制該通信設備以在對等式運作之該資料相關訊務狀態期間利用該第二符號時間包括控制該通信設備以在一第二時間間隔期間使用該第二符號時間，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態，該第二時間間隔跟隨於該第一時間間隔之後，該第二時間間隔係一資料訊務時間間隔。
  18. 如請求項17之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步包括在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：根據該狀態與時間週期之間的一預定映射來辨識與對等裝置發現、資料相關訊務及控制相關訊務相關聯 之時間週期。
  19. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行使該狀態與一處於通信範圍內之對等裝置同步化之指令。
  20. 如請求項19之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：自一系統源導出定時資訊，並使用該狀態與該定時資訊之間的一預定映射來確定與該定時資訊相關聯之該狀態。
  21. 如請求項20之無線通信設備，其中該系統源係如下中之一者：一來自一廣域網路中一基地台或來自一存取點之廣播信號，一來自一GPS衛星之衛星信號，及一來自一內部時鐘之時鐘信號。
  22. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：根據一預定公式來確定該狀態。
  23. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持一查詢表，該查詢表包含對應於該第一狀態及該第二狀態之該對等式網路之參數資料。
  24. 如請求項23之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：根據該所識別狀態自該查詢表中擷取參數資料。
  25. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之 指令：根據該所識別狀態導出該第一組參數中之至少一參數。
  26. 如請求項16之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：識別一廣域網路之一空中介面技術，該廣域網路與該對等式通信所穿越之一對等式網路共用頻寬。
  27. 如請求項26之無線通信設備，其中該記憶體進一步保持在由該處理器執行時控制該通信設備以進行如下作業之指令：根據該廣域網路之該所識別空中介面技術來選擇該第一組參數中之至少一參數。
  28. 一種用於一區域對等式網路中之無線通信設備，其包括：識別構件，其用於識別與對等式通信相關聯之一狀態；及利用構件，其用於在對等式運作之一第一狀態期間利用一第一符號時間，該第一狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態或者一控制相關訊務狀態之其中一者，該第一符號時間經指定於一第一組參數中，且用於在對等式運作之一第二狀態期間利用較該第一符號時間長之一第二符號時間，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態，該第二符號時間經指定於一第二組參數中。
  29. 如請求項28之無線通信設備，其中用於在對等式運作之該第一狀態期間利用該第一符號時間且用於在對等式運作之該第二狀態期間利用該第二符號時間之利用構件在 一第一時間間隔期間使用該第一符號時間且在一第二時間間隔期間使用該第二符號時間，該第一時間間隔係一對等式裝置發現時間間隔及一訊務控制時間間隔之一者，該第二符號時間跟隨於該第一符號時間之後，該第二符號時間係一資料訊務時間間隔。
  30. 如請求項29之無線通信設備，其進一步包括選擇構件，該選擇構件用於當所識別之該狀態係該第一狀態時，與當所識別之該狀態係該第二狀態時相比，選擇一較短之符號時間及一較大之頻調間距。
  31. 如請求項28之無線通信設備，其進一步包括用於識別該第一狀態或該第二狀態是否與一當前時間相關聯之構件。
  32. 如請求項31之無線通信設備，其進一步包括：同步化構件，其用於根據一系統源將該當前時間同步化；及確定構件，其用於利用該狀態與該當前時間之間的一預定映射來確定與該當前時間相關聯之該狀態。
  33. 如請求項32之無線通信設備，其中該系統源係如下中之一者：一來自一廣域網路中一基地台或來自一存取點之廣播信號，一來自一GPS衛星之衛星信號，及一來自一內部時鐘之時鐘信號。
  34. 如請求項28之無線通信設備，其進一步包括用於識別與一廣域網路相關聯之空中介面技術之類型之構件，該廣域網路與該區域對等式網路共用頻譜。
  35. 如請求項34之無線通信設備，其進一步包括用於根據該狀態及該空中介面技術以自不同之該複數組參數選擇一組參數之構件。
  36. 如請求項28之無線通信設備，其進一步包括用於根據該所識別狀態來計算該第一組參數中之至少一個參數之構件。
  37. 如請求項28之無線通信設備，其進一步包括用於根據該所識別狀態自一保持於記憶體中之查詢表中擷取該第一組參數中之至少一個參數之構件。
  38. 一種能夠在一區域對等式網路上進行通信之無線通信設備，其包括：識別構件，其用於識別與對等式通信相關聯之一狀態；存取構件，其用於根據時間中之一已知點處之狀態存取待用於該對等式通信之不同之複數組參數，該不同之複數組參數包含指定待用於對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態中之一第一符號時間以及指定待用於對等式運作之一訊務狀態中之一第二符號時間，該第二符號時間較該第一符號時間長；及選擇構件，其用於當該所識別狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態、一控制相關訊務狀態、或一資料相關訊務狀態時，選擇一類似之循環首碼；其中該對等式通信利用一基於OFDM之空中介面技術，且不同之該等組參數係關於頻調間距、符號時間、 及循環首碼中之一者或全部。
  39. 一種上面儲存有機器可執行指令之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行指令用於控制一無線通信設備以：確定一對等式網路之一狀態；確定與該對等式網路共用一共同頻寬之一廣域網路之類型；及根據該狀態及該廣域網路之類型來獲得用於與該對等式網路一起使用之參數資料，該參數資料包含指定待用於對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態中的一第一符號時間之一第一組參數以及指定待用於對等式運作之一訊務狀態中的一第二符號時間之一第二組參數，該第二符號時間較第一符號時間長。
  40. 如請求項39之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行指令進一步包括根據一預定公式及一同步化時間來導出該狀態。
  41. 如請求項40之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行指令進一步包括根據自一系統源獲得之資訊來同步化該同步化時間，並使用該狀態與該同步化時間之間的一預定映射來確定與該同步化時間相關聯之該狀態。
  42. 如請求項41之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，其中該系統源係如下中之一者：一來自一廣域網路中一基地台或來自一存取點之廣播信號，一來自一GPS衛星之衛星信號，及一來自一內部時鐘之時鐘信號。
  43. 如請求項39之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行 指令進一步包括獲得與該廣域網路相關之參數，並根據該等廣域網路相關參數來獲得參數資料。
  44. 如請求項39之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，其中該對等式網路使用一基於OFDM之空中介面技術，且該參數資料係關於頻調間距、符號時間、及循環首碼中之一者或全部。
  45. 如請求項44之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行指令進一步包括：當該所識別狀態與對等裝置發現或控制相關訊務相關時，與當該所識別狀態與資料相關訊務相關時相比，獲得包括一較短符號時間及一較大頻調間距之參數資料。
  46. 如請求項44之非暫時性機器可讀媒體，該等機器可執行指令進一步包括：當該所識別狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態、一控制相關訊務狀態、或一資料相關訊務狀態時，獲得包括一類似循環首碼之參數資料。
  47. 一種於一無線通信系統中之設備，其包括：一處理器，其經組態以：在對等式運作之一第一狀態期間利用一第一符號時間，該第一狀態係一對等裝置發現狀態或者一控制相關訊務狀態之其中一者，該第一符號時間經指定於一第一組參數中；及在對等式運作之一第二狀態期間利用較該第一符號時間長之一第二符號時間，該第二狀態係對等式運作之一資料相關訊務狀態，該第二符號時間經指定於一第二 組參數中。
  48. 一種運作一無線通信裝置之方法，其包含：確定一對等式網路之一狀態；確定與該對等式網路共用一共同頻寬之一廣域網路之類型；及根據該狀態及該廣域網路之類型來獲得用於與該對等式網路一起使用之參數資料，該參數資料包含指定待用於對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態中的一第一符號時間之一第一組參數以及指定待用於對等式運作之一訊務狀態中的一第二符號時間之一第二組參數，該第二符號時間較第一符號時間長。
  49. 一種無線通信設備，其包含：用於確定一對等式網路之一狀態之構件；用於確定與該對等式網路共用一共同頻寬之一廣域網路之類型之構件；及用於根據該狀態及該廣域網路之類型來獲得用於與該對等式網路一起使用之參數資料之構件，該參數資料包含指定待用於對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態中的一第一符號時間之一第一組參數以及指定待用於對等式運作之一訊務狀態中的一第二符號時間之一第二組參數，該第二符號時間較第一符號時間長。
  50. 一種無線通信設備，其包含：至少一處理器，其經組態以：確定一對等式網路之一狀態； 確定與該對等式網路共用一共同頻寬之一廣域網路之類型；及根據該狀態及該廣域網路之類型來獲得用於與該對等式網路一起使用之參數資料，該參數資料包含指定待用於對等式運作之一對等裝置發現狀態中的一第一符號時間之一第一組參數以及指定待用於對等式運作之一訊務狀態中的一第二符號時間之一第二組參數，該第二符號時間較第一符號時間長；以及一記憶體，其耦接至該至少一處理器。
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