TWI358959B - Communications methods and apparatus related to be - Google Patents

Communications methods and apparatus related to be Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI358959B
TWI358959B TW096101130A TW96101130A TWI358959B TW I358959 B TWI358959 B TW I358959B TW 096101130 A TW096101130 A TW 096101130A TW 96101130 A TW96101130 A TW 96101130A TW I358959 B TWI358959 B TW I358959B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
beacon
priority
communication device
wireless communication
beacon signal
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TW096101130A
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English (en)
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TW200814802A (en
Inventor
Rajiv Laroia
Frank Lane
Junyi Li
Thomas Richardson
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/244Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602Signal structure
    • H04L27/261Details of reference signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0016Time-frequency-code
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0032Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation
    • H04L5/0035Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20Selecting an access point
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0229Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/02Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00Network data management
    • H04W8/005Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08Access point devices
    • H04W88/10Access point devices adapted for operation in multiple networks, e.g. multi-mode access points
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0602Systems characterised by the synchronising information used
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/04Error control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/10Connection setup
    • H04W76/14Direct-mode setup
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/18Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Noise Elimination (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Description

九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係針對用於無線通信中之信號傳輸之方法及設 備且更明確地說,係針對用於使用信標信號偵測一無線 電網路(例如,一認知無線電網路)中之頻譜可用性之方法 及設備。 【先前技術】 無線頻譜為一昂貴且有價值的資源,但頻譜之顯著部份 常常處於不用。認知無線電之概念允許無線裝置發現及使 用局部可用及有用頻譜以用於通信。無線裝置應能夠感測 二%境(包括其位置)’且接著能夠改變其通信參數(包括功 率及載波頻率)以便動態地再使用可用頻譜。認知無線電 之一關鍵技術挑戰在於以-健壯及功率有效方式摘測頻譜 之可用性。舉例而言,當一終端機剛好開機或移動至一新 區域時,該終端機可能不瞭解當前可用於地理區域附近之 通仏參數或甚至技術。偵測方法必須(例如)相對於包括缺 乏時序及頻率同步之多種不確定性健壯。功率效率對終端 機之電池壽命有巨大影響且因此為無線系統中之另一重要 問題。 鑒於以上論述’應瞭解’存在—對用於㈣—無線電網 路中之頻譜可用性之新的及改良方法的需要。 【發明内容】 根據多種實施例’在一無線终端機開始使用_頻譜帶之 前,無線終端機將掃描-頻谱帶以確定該頻谱帶是否可用 117859.doc 1358959 於使用。該掃描之步驟包括搜尋該頻譜帶中之—信標信 號。 在一例不性實施例中,一信標信號包括一頻譜帶中之一 信標信號叢發序列,每一信標叢發包括一或多個信標符 號。一信標符號係使用一信標符號傳輸單元加以傳輸。一 信標信號叢發包括一'或多個信標符號,信標符號之數目佔 據信標符號叢發之信標符號傳輸單元之一小部份(例如,
go%)。在一些例示性正交分頻多工(〇FDM)系統中,每
信標符號為一 OFDM符號週期上之一單一頻調。在一些例 示性正交分頻多工(0FDM)系統中,每一信標符號為少量 (例如,一個、兩個、三個或四個)〇FDM符號週期上之一 單一頻調。一信標信號叢發在一些實施例中包括用於在少 量傳輸符號時間週期(例如,一或兩個符號傳輸時間週期) 上輸送信標符號之一或多個頻_ (例如,一單一頻調或諸 如兩個、三個或四個頻調之少㈣調)。㉟等信標信號叢 發係以一間歇(亦即,不連續)方式加以傳輸以致在一第一 信標信號叢發與-第二信標信號叢發之間存在許多符號週 期。相繼信標信號叢發可(且有時確實)根據—預定或傷隨 機頻調跳頻序列為該等信標符號使用不同頻調。 很媒多種實施例 …ww、科咬7里貝机〇在 -例示性〇画系統中,可將資訊包含於一給定叢發中之 信標符號的該(等)頻調之頻率、相繼叢發之間的時間間隔 及’或頻調跳頻序列中。由信標信號載運之資訊在多種實 施例中包括以下關於傳輸器之至少一者:識別符、類型、 117859.doc 1358959 優先權等級、當前傳輸功率值及最大功率資訊(例如,傳 輸器能夠傳輸之最大功率)。 右無線終端機在該搜尋一信標信號之步驟中未偵測到任 何4標信號’則’在一些實施例中,頻譜帶可用來由該終 端機使用。否則’在一些實施例中,不允許無線終端機使 用頻譜帶。 右無線終端機確定一候選頻譜帶可用於使用,則無線终 端機可開始使用該頻譜(例如)傳輸/接收資料或控制信號或 >、建立另一無線終端機之點對點遂信會期。在一實施例 中’無線終端機之傳輸功率係根據無線終端機之類型或優 先權等級。 根據多種實施例之一態樣’當無線終端機正在使用頻譜 η 士 、’無線終端機在頻譜帶中傳輸其本身之使用者信標信 戒。由不同無線終端機所傳輸之使用者信標信號可(且有 夺)與藉由信標信號所載運之資訊彼此不同。在一實施例 中’無線終端機具有不同服務優先權等級且對應於不同使 用者信標信號。 根據多種實施例之另一態樣’當無線終端機正在使用頻 0曰時,無線終端機收聽頻譜且試圖偵測一可由另一無線終 端機發送之信標信號。無線終端機可連續地在收聽模式 (亦即’接通時間)中歷時幾個符號週期之時間間隔。該接 日寺間之後為一斷開時間,在該斷開時間期間,終端機係 省電模式中且不接收任何信號,例如切斷接收模組。 或者,當無線終端機正在使用頻譜時,無線終端機可連續 1358959 地在收聽模式中。 在一實施例中,當一第一無線終端機偵測一來自一第二 無線終端機之使用者信標信號之存在時,不管該第一無線 終端機當前是否正在使用頻譜帶,無線終端機均需要比較 優先權等級。若該第二無線終端機之優先權等級較高,則 第一無線終端機考慮該頻譜帶不可用於使用。此外,若第 7無線終端機當前正使用該頻譜帶,則第-無線终端機將 φ #止使用該頻譜帶,以使得較高優先權使用者或服務可在 沒有來自第一無線終端機之干擾下使用該頻譜帶。若該第 二無線終端機之優先權等級較低,則第—無線終端機考慮 該頻譜帶可用於使用。若第一無線終端機一直未使用該頻 曰則第無線終知機可開始傳輸其本身之使用者信標信 號。在—些實施例中,第-無線終端機自所伯測之信標信 號導出第二無線終端機之時序及/或頻率,且接著使用彼 貝訊確定用於傳輸其本身之使用者信標信號之時序及/或 馨頻率。饭疋第一無線終端機亦正在收聽以偵測一使用者信 標信號,上述同步有利地幫助使第_無線終端機之使用者 信標信號由第二無線終端機來接收,以致第二無線終端機 將停止使用該頻譜。 根據多種實㈣之另_態樣,無、線終端機估計無線終端 機與所偵測之信標信號之對應傳輸器之間的路徑損耗。該 估計可(且有時)係基於信標信號之接收功率。若該路徑損 耗足夠大(例如,比-預定位準大),則無線終端機可使用 該頻譜帶。 117859.doc 根據多種實施例,在一地理 (例如“ 地理£域中,若任何通信節點 如由 隹頻譜帶中之一資料會 ’,則需要該節點在該頻譜帶中值 在該資料會期t’節…:::卽點信標信號。 m , ", b正傳輸或接收控制或資料信 用;該區域十,不同節點可共存’在每一無線終端機使 2由不同技術支援之多種服務(諸如蜂巢式電話、無線 區域迴路、數位電視等)之至少一者。 種根據多種實施例之操作一無線通信裝置之例示性方 :’其包括:接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至少一信標 之信標信號之至少一部份;及基於藉由該所接收之信 U號部份所傳遞之優先„訊作出—信號傳輸決策。一 種根據多種實施例之無線通信裝置,其包括:—接收器, :::接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至少一信標符號之 L 號之至少-部份;及一傳輸決策模組,其用於基於 藉由所接收之信標信號部份所傳遞之優先權資訊作出—信 號傳輸決策。 雖‘、、;、已在上述概述中論述多種實施例,但應瞭解,不必 所有實施例-均包括相同特徵,且上述一些特徵並非必要的 但在-些實施例中可係所要的。在隨後的實施方式中論述 許多額外特徵、實施例及益處。 【實施方式】 圖1說明一根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性認知無線 電通信網路100。兩個無線終端機(即,一第一無線終端機 102及一第二無線終端機104)存在於一地理區域106中。在 117859.doc 1358959 二些實施财包括—系統终端㈣5(例如,包括—系統信 標傳輸器卜出於通信(例如,點對點通信)之目的,一些頻 譜帶可用於由該兩個终端機使用。 在邊知無,線電網路中,通常不存在任何網路基礎架 • #。多種所描述之新穎方法、設傭及特徵可用於多種無線 電網路中,但特別地非常適合用於基礎架構有限或缺乏之 ,網路中,例如’用於-認知無線電網路中,在該認知無線 • 心㈣巾’一無線終端機可需要發現關於該網路之資訊。 無線終端機不可具有一共同時序或頻率參考。事實上,在 此種網路中,無線終端機需要弄清一給定頻譜帶是否可用 於由無線終端機在當前地理區域中使用β認知無線電之一 關鍵思想為使一無線終端機感測其環境且發現可用頻譜。 頻譜可用性係根據環境。 圖2說明一在一根據多種實施例加以實施之認知無線電 網路中使用信標信號控制頻譜帶之使用之例示性方法的梯 形圖2 0 0。 垂直軸201表示時間。在此例示性認知無線電網路中存 在三個例示性終端機:無線終端機Α 2〇2、無線終端機Β 204及無線終端機C 206。假定最初無線終端機(2〇4、 206、208)中沒有一者被開機。 首先,使無線終端機A 202開機。在無線終端機A 2〇2可 使用頻譜帶之前’無線終端機A 2〇2首先掃描該頻帶以搜 哥使用者说(208)。因為無線終端機a 202為該區域 中之唯一作用中終端機’所以其不會偵測到任何使用者信 117859.doc 1358959 標信號。因此,無線終端機A 202確定頻譜帶可用於使用 (210)。無線終端機A 202開始使用頻譜(212^無線终端機 A 202廣播其使用者信標信號以展示其之存在(214)。 在一稍後時間,使無線終端機B 204開機。在無線終端 機B 204可使用頻譜帶之前’無線終端機b 2〇4首先掃描該 頻帶以搜寻使用者信標信號(216)。無線終端機b 204偵測 到由終端機A發送之使用者信標信號(218)。此外,無線終 端機B 204(例如)自所偵測之信標信號或無線終端機a之另 一廣播頻道獲悉無線終端機A可用於點對點通信(22〇)。因 此’無線終端機B 204確定使用頻譜(222)。無線終端機a 與無線終端機B(202、204)建立一點對點會期(224)。因為 兩個無線終端機(202、204)均為作用中的,所以其分別廣 播使用者標信號(228及226)。在一些實施例中,任一無 線終端機廣播其本身之使用者信標信號。在其他實施例 中,該兩個終端機(202、204)確定其之會期之優先權等級 且使用彼優先權等級確定待發送之使用者信標信號。舉例 而言’會期優先權等級為任一終端機之最大優先權等級。 在一稍後時間,使無線終端機C 206開機。在無線終端 機C 206可使用頻譜帶之前,無線終端機c 206首先掃描該 頻帶以搜尋使用者信標信號(230)。無線終端機C 206彳貞測 到由無線終端機A 202及/或由無線終端機B 204發送之使用 者信標信號(232)。此外,無線終端機C 206(例如)自所偵 測之信標信號或無線終端機A或B之另一廣播頻道獲悉存 在一正在進行之會期(234)。無線終端機C 206亦獲悉所债 U7859.doc -12- 1358959 測之信標信號之優先權等級且將所偵測之信標信號之優先 權等級與其本身之優先權等級相比較(236)。若無線终端機 C 206之優先權等級較低,則無線終端機c 206確定頻譜帶 不可用(238);否則,無線終端機c 206可開始傳輪其本身 之使用者信標信號。在此種狀況下,兩個無線終端機八與 B(202、204)將偵測到來自無線終端機c 2〇6之使用者信標 信號’且必須停止/暫時中止其會期並停止使用頻譜。 號 根據多種實施例,一信標信號包括一頻譜帶中之—信標 信號叢發序列,每一信標叢發包括一或多個信標符號。一 信標符號係使用一信標符號傳輸單元加以傳輸。—信標信 號叢發包括少量信標符號,信標符號之數目佔據信標信號 叢發之信標符號傳輪單元之一小部份。在一些例示性 OFDM系統t ’ -信標符號K)FDM符號週期上之一頻 調。在—些例示性0FDM系,统中,—信標符號為少量(例 如,一個、兩個、三個或四個)相繼〇1?〇]^符號週期上之一 頻調°在—些實施例中,—信標信號叢發包括用於在少量 傳輸符號週期(例如,—或兩個符號週期)上輸送信標符號 之-或多個頻調(例如,一單一頻調或諸如兩個、三個或 四個頻調之少量頻調)。無線傳輸器以-間歇(亦即,不連 續)方式傳輸信標信號叢發以致在一第一信標信號叢發與 信號叢發之間存在許多符號週期。圖3在圖式 中說明一例示性_系統中之例示性信標信 在圖式3〇0中,水平轴搬表示時間且垂直㈣4表示頻 117859.doc •13· 率。一垂直行表示一給定符號週期中之頻調之每一者。每 上小:: 306表示一頻調符號,其為一單一傳輸符號週期 單頻調。在圖式350中,水平軸352表示時間且垂 軸3〇4表不頻率。一垂直行表示一給定符號週期中之頻 調之每一n 4=
每一小方框356表示一頻調符號,其為—單 傳,符號週期上之一單一頻調。〇fdm符號中之—最小 Ί單元為頻調符號8在此例示性實施例中,一信標符 — OFDM頻調符號。 仏=彳°號包括在時間上經循序傳輸之一信標信號叢發序 每Μ票符號叢發包括一或多個信標符號。一信標信 儿叢發在多種實施例中包括在少量傳輸符號週期(例如, 或兩個符號週期)上輸送信標符號之少量頻調(例如,一 單頻調)。圖3之圖式3〇〇展示四個小黑方框(3〇8、31〇、 4)每一小黑方框表示一信標符號。在此狀況
下,一彳s標符號使 例示性實施例中, 用一頻調符號之空中鏈結資源。在另一 一 k標符號使用一在兩個連續符號週期 上加以傳輸之頻調且使用兩個〇FDM頻調符號之空中鍵結 資源。 信標信號之該或該等信標符號頻調可在一叢發與另一叢 發,間改變(跳躍)。根據多種實施例,信標信號之包括用 於β或該等信標符號之頻調及叢發之間間隔之頻調跳頻型 樣在些實施例中係根據傳輸器(例如,一終端機),且可 輸器之識別或傳輸器所屬之類型之一識別,或用 於指示終_之傳輸功率或功率能力。 117859.doc -14. 1358959 一不同使用者信標信號在—些實施财在以下方面之至少 者中彼此不同.信標信號叢發之週期性、用於 =發中之,號之該或該等頻調,及用於相繼二 /叢發令之k標付號頻調之跳頻型樣。 舉例而5,圖3展示兩個例示性信標信號(324 。考 慮第一信標信號324為一由一第一無線終端機發送之第— 使用者信標信號且分別包括信標信號叢發(316、318、 320、322)及信標符號(308、310、312、314)。由一第二無 線終端機發送之第二信標信號374分別包括信標信號叢發 (366、368、370、372)及信標符號(358、36〇、362、 3 64)。上部部份3〇〇展示由一無線終端機發送之一使用者 號324且下部部份350展示由另一無線終端機發送 ,另-使用者信標信號374。在該實例中,該兩個信標信 號具有相同週期性,但具有不同頻調跳頻序列。具體言 之例示丨生第一無線終端機信標信號324之頻調遵循一第 一斜率,且例示性第二無線終端機使用者信標信號374之 頻調遵循-第二斜率,其中該第—斜率大於該第二斜率。 在一些實施例中,例示性系統信標信號(例如,來自基 地台及/或固定位置信標傳輸器之信標信號)遵循一第—斜 率或第一組斜率且例示性使用者信標信號遵循一第二斜率 或第二組斜率,該第一斜率不同於該第二斜率及/或該第 一組斜率與該第二組斜率非重疊。 在一例不性實施例中,假定一高優先權服務(例如,法 律實施或消防部門服務)與一低優先權服務(例如,一般資 117859.doc -15 1358959 料服務)共用頻譜帶。時常’該高優先權服務不具有任何 活動性’在此期間’頻譜帶可完全由低優先權服務使用。 然而’當高優先權服務需要使用頻譜時,需要低優先權服 務停止。與低優先權服務相關之會期將被终止。為達成此 目標’根據多種實施例’與不同服務位準相關之終端機使 用不同使用者k標彳§號以用(例如)信號傳輸不同優先權等 級。
考慮一例示性實施例。當無線終端機在掃描用於可用性 之頻譜帶時,或當無線終端機已經在一使用頻譜帶之通信 會期中時,無線終端機將繼續搜尋使用者信標信號。若無 線終端機偵測到比其本身之優先權等級高之一使用者信標 信號之存在,則無線終端機考慮對應頻譜帶為不可用^ 用。無線終端機將終止通信會期(若有的話),且可繼續掃 描另-候選頻譜帶。此導致乾淨頻譜帶將由高優先權終端 機或服務使用。
圖4之圖式400說明根據多種實施例加以實施之監視信桿 k號叢發之-實施例。無線終端機收聽頻譜帶且試圖偵測 -可由-不同無線終端機發送之使用者信標㈣。级 端機可連續地在收聽模式中歷時-幾個符號週期之時間間 1W其被稱為接通時間)。接通時間(4〇2)之後 :,在斷開時間陶期間,無線終端 J 式…接收任何信號。在斷開時間中,無:二莫 全切斷接收模組。當斷開時間梅結束時 機= 復至接通時間404且—測信標信號:、!述::; U7859.doc •16- 1358959 複進行 門些實施例中,—接通時間間隔之長度比-斷開時門 ^長度短。在-實施例中,—接通時間間隔小 斷開時間間隔之1/5。在一實施例中’該等接通^ 間隔之每一者之長度相同, ,4 之長度亦相同。 專斷開時間間隔之每-者 一在-些實施例中,若第二無線終端機實際上存在 無線终端機附近,則一斷開時間間隔之長度取決 一無線終端機偵測另一(第二)無線 弟 φ ^ 冰、^機之存在所需的潛 時需求。確定-接通時間間隔之長度以使 機具有在該接通時間間隔中偵測至少 铩彳5唬叢發之一 機率。在""實施例中’接通時間間隔之長度係根據- ㈣信號叢發之傳輸持續時間及相繼信標信號叢發之間的 持續時間之至少一者。舉例而言,接通時間間隔之長度至 少為-信標信號叢發之傳輸持續時間與相繼信標信號叢發 之間的持續時間的總和。 圖5說明根據多種實施例加以實施之由一例示性第一無 線終端機使用的-操作—無線終端機之例示性方法之流程 圖500。例示性方法之操作以步驟5qi(其中,第—無線終 端機被開機及初始化)開始,且繼續至步驟Μ〗。 在步驟5G2中’例不性第—無線終端機可藉由掃描頻譜 帶以搜哥使用者信標信號開始。接著,在步驟遍中,第 -無線終端機檢查是否已伯測到—來自一第二無線終端機 之使用者信標信號。若回答為··否",則操作自步驟504繼 117859.doc • 17· 1358959 續至步驟川,在步驟516中,第—無線終 用於使用。否則,第一無線終端機已發現,可 作自步驟504繼續至步驟5〇6,在步驟5〇6中;=號且操 端機將所偵測之使用者信標信號之優先權等級與終 優先權等級相比較。在步驟5〇8中一 〆、之 所偵、,則之俨_ a π日 > 弟…、線终端機檢查 所侦狀W疋否具有比第_無線終端機本身之優 級回之優先權等級。若回答為否,則操作自 至步驟516,在步驟516中,第—無線終端機確定頻碰= 於使用。否則,操作自步驟508繼續至步驟510。在步驟 510中,第一無線終端機確定自第一無線级 ’ 線終端機之路徑損耗^ …冑i第二無 輸:率例中’信標信號載運關於第二無線終端機之傳 麻 胃訊。第一無線終端機接著可自由第—益線炊端 機所量測之傳輸功率及接收功㈣定路徑損耗。 :::兄:其中’肖等信標信號之每一者係在相同功率位準下 下’信標信號本身不必載運關於第二無線終端 預定^ = 可自已知的(例如) 收功:: 一無線終端機所量測之傳輸功率及接 ;;確定路徑損耗。操作自步驟51G繼續至步驟512。 =步驟512中’第一無線終端機(例如)相對於一預定的所 之路徑損耗位準確定路徑損耗是否足夠高。若回答為 疋則操作自步驟512繼續至步驟516。在步驟516中, —無線終端機確定頻譜可用於使用。否則,操作自步驟 繼續至步驟514,在步驟514中,第-無線終端機確定 Π 7859.doc -18· 頻譜不可用於使用β 一第—無線終端機在步驟516中確定頻譜可用於使 ^則第—無線終端機可使㈣譜建立通信鏈如, :對^通信)。操作自步請繼續至步驟518,在步謂 無線終端機開始使用頻譜(包括傳輪其本身之使 者仏標信號)。其間,第一益線終端 睹 ^…深、、粕機將週期地在接通 :=中(例如,關於接收器操作),且如藉由步輝5〇2所 '不的掃描頻譜帶以搜尋使用者信標信號。 一 ^知無線電網路巾之終端機通f不具有料終端機之每 -可自其導出同步資訊之共同源。根據多種例示性實施 :之-特徵,無線終端機使用自一由一特殊傳輸器所傳輸 值、由一包括一信標傳輸器之固定位置系統終端機所 :之糸統信標信號所導出之時序及,或頻率資訊。該固 疋位置系統終端機可㈣至或不純至其他網路節點,且 :包括或不包括除傳輸信標信號之外之額外無線功能。在 些實施例t ’固定位置系統終端機之唯_功能為傳輸— 將被無線終端機用作—參考Μ統信標信號。該等終端機 現在有利地具有一共同時序及/或頻率參考,藉此使彼此 同步。為詳細闡述,圖6之圖式_說明利用㈣多種㈣ 例加以實施之時序同步資訊之一實例。 水平軸6Q1表示時間。—第二無線終端機傳輸其使用者 信標信號608,使用老<士換p。备Λ & & 考t標彳s,唬608包括一信標信號叢發序 列602、6〇4、606等。 敢斤 現在假疋第一無線終端機被開 機且制彼等信標叢發1定第—無線終端機具有比第二 117859.doc •19· 1358959 終端機之優先權等級高之優先權等級,且第-無線終端機 意欲使用頻譜。 瑪 第一無線終端機預測第二無線终端機之接收器之接通時 間間隔’在此期間,第二無線終端機監視其他使用者信標 信號。該預測係根據所偵測之信標叢發6〇2、6〇4及㈣之
估計時序。舉例而言,在圖6中,-终端機之接通時間間 隔自-時間實例開始,該時間實例具有距由同一無線終端 機所發送之—信標信號叢發之開始的已知_㈣I 因此’ -旦第-無線終端機已確定第二無線終端機傳輪器 之標叢發之時序,則就可能白 則跣了此自已知關係確定第二無線終 端機接收器之時序。 在圖6中所展示之例示性情況中,不是在一隨機選擇之 時間實例下發送第-無線終端機之使用者信標信號,而是 第-無線終端機選擇在第二無線終端機正在收聽(61〇)之時 間下傳輸⑹4)。第二無線終端機摘測由第一無線終端機所 發送之使用者信標信號,且接著決定停止使用頻譜帶(因 為第二無線終端機之優先權等級較低)。 注意,在缺乏上述同步時,第二無線終端機偵測由第一 無線終端機所發送之使用者信標信號可花費更長時間。另 外,第二無線終端機可需要保持在收聽模式中歷時一更長 時間間隔以便降低_之潛時。因此,同步f助無線終端 機更加快速且以一更有功率效率方式偵測信標信號。 圖7提供一根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線終端 機700之一詳細說明。描繪於圖7中之例示性無線終端機 117859.doc •20- 1358959 700為一可用作圖1中所描繪的無線終端機1〇2及ι〇4之任一 者之5史備的一詳細表示。在圖7實施例中,無線終端機 包括藉由匯流排706耦接於一起之一處理器704、一無線通 k介面模組730、一使用者輸入/輸出介面74〇及記憶體 71 0。因此,終端機700之多種組件可經由匯流排6交換 資訊、信號及資料。無線終端機7〇〇之組件7〇4、706、 710、73 0、740位於一殼體702内部。 φ 無線通信介面730提供一機制,藉由該機制,無線終端 機700之内部組件可發送信號至外部裝置與另一無線終端 機以及自外部裝置與另一無線終端機接收信號。無線通信 介面730包括(例如)經由一具有一天線736之雙工器738耦接 之一接收器模組732及一傳輸器模組734,天線736係用於 (例如)經由無線通信頻道將無線終端機7〇〇耦接至其他終端 機。 例不性無線終端機7〇〇亦包括經由使用者輸入/輸出介面 • 740搞接至匯流排706之一使用者輸入裝置742(例如,小鍵 盤)及一使用者輸出裝置744(例如,顯示器因此,使用 輸/輸出裝置742、744可經由使用者輸入/輸出介面74〇 及匯流排706與無線終端機之其他組件交換資訊、信號 及f料。使用者輸入/輸出介面74〇及相關裝置742、744提 供—機制,藉由該機制,一使用者可操作無線終端機· 於成多種任務。詳言之’使用者輸入裝置742及使用者 3出裝置744提供允許—使用者控制無線終端 機700之功能 在無線終端機700之記憶體m中執行之應用程式(例 117859.doc •21 · 1358959 如,模組、程式、常式及/或函式)。 處理器704在包括於記憶體71〇中之多種模組(例如,常 式)之控制下控制終端機7〇〇之操作,以執行如下列所論述 之夕種k號傳輸及處理。當啟動時或當被其他模組呼叫 時,執行包括於記憶體710中之模組。當執行模組時模 組可交換資料、資訊及信號。當執行模組時,模組亦可共 用資料及資訊。在圖7例示性實施例中,無線終端機7〇〇之 3己憶體71G包括-信號傳輸/控制模組712及信號傳輸/控制 資料714。 仏號傳輸/控制模組712控制相關於下列事項之處理:接 收及發送信號(例如’信標信號、使用者資料信號、訊息 等)、狀態資訊儲存之管理、擷取、處理、掃描、傳輸控 制、優先權確定、路徑損耗確定、裝置識別、使用者識別 及頻譜可用性確定。信號傳輸/控制資料714包括狀態資訊 (=例如’參數、狀況)及/或與终端機之操作有關之其他資 訊。詳s之,信號傳輪/控制資料714包括 -’❹,終端機之類型、優先權等級、傳輸功率= 輸器功率此力等組態資訊。模組712可(且有時確實)存取及 /或修改貝料714,例如,更新組態資訊716。模組712亦包 括:用於掃描-頻譜帶以搜尋頻帶中之純信標信號之模 、且711 ’用於傳輸使用者信標信號之模組713 ;用於比較不 同使用者信標信號之優先權等敏之模組715;用於確定路 徑損耗之模組7 1 7。 匕3圖8A與圖8B之組合之圖8為—根據多種實施例之操 117859.doc -22- 1358959 作一無線通信裝置(例如,一諸如一行動節點之無線終端 機)之例示性方法的流程圖800之圖式。該無線通信裝置為 (例如)一可用電池電源為動力來運轉之攜帶型無線通信裝 置。無線通信裝置為(例如)圖9之無線終端機900。 操作以步驟802(其中’無線通信裝置被開機及初始化)開 始,且繼續至步驟804。在步驟804中,無線通信裝置在一 第一時間週期期間監視以彳貞測一第一通信頻帶中的一包括 至少一信標符號之信標信號之至少一部份。
操作自步驟804繼續至步驟806。在步驟806中,無線通 信裝置基於該監視之結果對關於是否傳輸一第一信號作出 一決策,該第一信號包括一信標符號及使用者資料之至少 一者。在一些實施例中,該第一信號為一信標信號。在— 些實施例中,該使用者資料包括文字資料、音訊資料、影 像資料、遊戲資料及試算表資料之至少一者。
步驟806包括子步驟808、81〇、812、814及816。在子步 驟808中’無線通信裝置確定是否在步驟8()4之監視中谓測 到-包括至少-信標符號之信標信號部份K貞測到一作 標信號部份’則操作自步驟議繼續至替代方案之子步戰 81〇及812之一者。若未偵測到一信標符號,則操作自步驟 808繼續至步驟814 ’在步驟814中,無線通信裝置決定在 :該第-時間週期之後的第二時間週期期間不傳輸一信 在子步驟81〇中,無線通信裝置 w馬%磙所偵測之柃捽 信號部份決定傳輸一俨號。戋者, 】之““ 顸1口现 考在子步驟812中,無線 117859.doc •23· 1358959 通仏裝置解碼藉由所偵測之信標信號部份所傳遞之資訊。 操作自子步驟812繼續至子步驟816。在子步驟816中,無 線通信裝置基於包括於該經解碼之資訊中之資訊決定是否 傳輸4第一1§號。在多種實施例中,子步驟816包括子步 驟818及820之一或多者。在子步驟818中,無線通信裝置 根據包括於該經解碼之資訊中的類型資訊進行決定。在多 種實施例中,該類型資訊指示一第二頻帶是否被允許用於 點對點通信。在一些實施例中,該類型資訊識別一被允許 用於點對點通信之第二頻帶。在子步驟82〇中,無線通信 f置根據包括於該經解碼之f訊中的裝置識職訊進行決 定。在-些該等實施例中,該裝置識別資訊識別無線通信 裝置及-當前正使用無線通信裝置之使用者之至少一者。 操作自步驟806經由連接節點A 822繼續至步驟824。在 乂驟824中,無線通仏裝置視步驟嶋之決策是否為傳輸而 不同地繼續。若決策為傳輸,則操作自步驟咖繼續至步 驟826 °若決策為不傳輸’則操作自步驟824經由連接節點 B 828繼續至步驟8〇4,在 仕,驟804中,執行額外監視。 在步驟826中,無線通信裝 裒置在一第二時間週期期間傳 輸該第一信號之至少-部份。在一 得 號係在一與第一通信頻帶相 ;; 彳中,該第一信 ,._ 间之第一頻帶中加以傳輪。| 例而吕,所接收之信標信號部份及第—信 &舉 輸之信標信號部份)可對應於一, ‘傳 節點且兩個對等節點可 2點通^網路令之對等 傳輸。在-些其他實施例中 、帛者號 U該第-信號係在一不同於第 H7859.doc -24· -通信頻帶之第二頻帶中加以傳遞。舉例而言,可使用一 不:於通信裝置傳輸其使用者信標信號之頻帶的通信頻帶 ^基地台或^信標信號傳輸器傳遞所接收之信標信號 °P伤在—些該等實施例中,第-通信頻帶與第二通信頻 帶在頻域中分開且不相接合。在多種實施例中,第一通信 頻帶與第二通信頻帶為不同大小之頻帶。 在一些實施例中,步驟826包括子步驟83〇,在子步驟 830中,#線通信裝置傳輸至少一信標符號。舉例而言, :::一信標符號為一信標叢發中之一單一信標符號或少 量信標符號’例如,該等信標符號佔據該信標叢發之信標 符號傳輸單元之< 1 〇〇/0。 操作自開始步驟826繼續至步驟832及步驟834之一者。 在步驟83 2中,無線通裝置(例如)在一第三時間週期期間 將使用者資料傳輸至一第三通信頻帶中,該第三時間週期 在該第二時間週期之後。舉例而言,在第二時間週期期 間,無線通信裝置傳輸包括至少一信標符號之第一信號之 至少一部份(例如)以識別其存在,且在第三時間週期期 間,無線通信裝置將使用者資料傳輸至一對等裝置。在多 種實施例中,第三頻帶與第二頻帶相同。舉例而言,無線 通信裝置可將用於點對點通信之一使用者信標信號與使用 者資料傳輸至同一頻帶中。在一些其他實施例中,第二頻 帶不同於第三頻帶。舉例而言,可存在用於使用者信標信 號及用於使用者資料信號之相異頻帶。 操作自步驟832繼續至步驟834。在步驟834中,無線通 117859.doc -25- 1358959 信裝置在一第四時間週期期間監顏 门现視M偵測一來自另一無線 通信裝置(例如,來自一點對點通信網路中之一對等裝置) 之額外信標信號之至少-部份。步驟咖在—㈣施例中 包括子步轉836。在子步驟836中,無線通信裝置監視__不 同於該第-頻帶之第二頻帶中的一額外信標信號之至少一 部份。 圖9為-根據多種實_加以實施之例示性無線終端機 900(例如,行動節點)之圖式。例示性無線終端機可為 圖1之系統100的例示性無線終端機(1〇2、1〇4)之任一者。 例示性無線終端機900包括經由一匯流排912耦接於一起 之一接收器模組902、一傳輸器模組9〇4、一處理器9〇6、 使用者I/O裝置908及記憶體910,該等多種元件可經由匯 流排912交換資料及資訊。記憶體91〇包括常式914及資料/ 資訊916。處理器906(例如,一CPU)執行常式914且使用記 憶體9 10中之資料/資訊9 16控制無線終端機900之操作且實 施方法 接收器模組902(例如,一 OFDM接收器)經耦接至接收天 線903 ’無線終端機經由接收天線903接收來自其他無線通 仏裝置(例如’諸如基地台及/或固定位置信標傳輸器之其 他無線終端機及/或系統終端機)之信號。所接收之信號包 括(例如)來自無線終端機之信標信號、來自系統節點之信 標信號’及來自(例如)點對點通信中之無線終端機之交握 信號及使用者資料信號。 傳輸器模組904(例如,一 OFDM傳輸器)經耦接至傳輸天 U7859.doc -26 - 1358959 線905,無線終端機9〇〇經由傳輸天線9〇5將信號傳輪至其 他無線通信裝置(例如,對等節點)。在一些實施例申,(例 如)在接收器模組及傳輸器模組(9〇2、9〇4)係經由一雙工器 模組耦接至天線情況下,同一天線係用於接收器模組9〇2 及傳輸器模組904。由傳輸器模組904傳輸之信號包括(例 如)一諸如包括至少一信標符號之一信標信號或信標信號 部份之第一信號。由傳輸器模組9〇4傳輸之其他信號包括 點對點通信會期建立信號及使用者資料信號。 使用者I/O裝置908包括(例如)麥克風、小鍵盤、鍵盤、 開關、攝影機、揚聲器、顯示器等。使用者1/〇裝置9〇8允 許無線終端機900之一使用者輸入資料/資訊,存取輸出資 料/資訊,及控制無線終端機9〇〇之至少一些功能。 常式914包括通信常式91 8及無線終端機控制常式92〇。 通信常式918實施由無線終端機使用之多種通信協定。無 線終端機控制常式920包括一信標偵測模組922、一基於信 標之決策模組924、一信標信號傳輸解碼模組926、一信標 信號產生模組928、一控制模組93〇及一無線終端機信標偵 測模組932。 一通信頻帶中所傳遞之一或
H7859.doc 信標偵測模組922偵測一第 多個信標符號之接收。基於i 偵測模組922之一輸出確定是 係根據在一時間週期期間暑2 資料之至少一者。信標信號 所偵測之信標信號部份所傳 -27- 1358959
遞之資訊,至少一經偵測之信標符號為該所偵測之信標信 號。卩伤之一部份。在一些實施例中基於信標之決策模組 924基於藉由由信標信號解碼模組所執行之解碼所產生的 經解碼之資訊對是否傳輸一第一信號作出該決策。在一些 實施例巾,當在一第—時間週期期間,該信標4貞測模組未 偵測到一包括一信標符號之信標信號之至少一部份時,基 於信標之決策模組924作出一決策:在該第一時間週期2 後之-第二時間週期期間不傳輸叫线。在—些實施例 中基於售標之決策模組924基於包括於經解碼之資訊中 之類型資訊對是否傳輸-信號作出決策,該類型資訊指示 —第二頻帶被允許用於點對點通信。在—些實施例中,基 於信標之決策模組924基於包括於經解碼之資訊中之裝置 資訊對是否傳輸一信號作出決策。 信標信號產生模組928產生信標信號,該等所產生之作
標信號傳遞一用於識別以下之至少一者之識別符:〇該無 線通k裝置及U)-當前正使用該無線通信裝置之使用者。 控制模組930控制接收器及傳輸器在其中操作之頻帶。控 制模組930包括-使用者資料傳輸控制模組931。在一些實 施例令’該接收器及該傳輸器經控制以在一分時多工基礎 上使用相同頻帶。扃—此# & 山 , 一势 ㈣纟#實施例中,接收器經控制以使用 -通信頻帶且傳輸器經控制以使用—第二通信頻帶, 。第-通信頻帶與該第二通信頻帶為不同頻帶。在 施例中,第一通信頻帶 一只 u—通彳5頻帶在頻域t分開且不 I但具有—預定關係。在—些該等實施例中,第-通 H7859.doc •28- 信頻帶與第二通信頻帶為不同大小之頻帶。 使用者資料傳輸控制模組93 1在一第三週期期間控制使 用者資料至一第三通信頻帶之傳輸。在一些實施例中,該 第三時間週期在一第二時間週期之後,該第二時間週期為 —傳輸該第一信號之至少一部份之時間週期,該第一信號 包括至少一信標符號。在一些實施例中’第三通信頻帶與 第二通信頻帶相同。在一些實施例中,第三通信頻帶不同 於第二通信頻帶。 無線終端機信標偵測模組932在一第四時間週期期間该 測來自其他無線通信裝置之信標符號,該第四時間週期之 至少一部份不同於一操作該信標偵測模組922之時間週 /月其他無線通k裝置為(例如)一點對點通信網路中之對 等節點。在一些實施例中,無線終端機信標偵測模組932 監視一第二通信頻帶,該第二通信頻帶為一不同於該第一 通信頻帶之頻帶。 資料/資訊916包括所偵測之信標信號資訊934、自經解 碼之信標信號部份恢復之資訊(自一對應於一第一信標信 號之經解碼之信標信號部份恢復的資訊936、......、自— 對應於一第N信標信號之經解碼之信標信號部份恢復的資 訊938)、傳輸決策資訊940、裝置識別資訊95〇、使用者識 別資訊952、第一信號資訊954、當前時間週期資訊96〇、 接收器頻帶選擇資訊962、傳輸器頻帶選擇資訊964、點對 點網路通信會期資訊966及系統資料/資訊968。 自一對應於一第一信標信號之經解碼之信標信號部份恢 117859.doc •29· 1358959 復的資訊936在一些實施例中包括類型資訊942及識別資訊 944之一或多者。類型資訊942為(例如)頻帶類型指定資 訊。類型資訊942可(且有時確實)指示頻帶類型經指定用於 點對點通信。識別資訊944為(例如)裝置識別資訊及/或使 用者識別資訊。 自一對應於一第N信標信號之經解碼之信標信號部份恢 復的資訊938在一些實施例中包括類型資訊946及識別資訊
948之或夕者。類型資訊946為(例如)頻帶類型指定資 訊。識別資訊948為(例如)裝置識別資訊及/或使用者識別 資訊。 第一信號資訊954在-些實施例中包括信標符號資訊⑽ 及使用者資料958之-或多者。信標符號資訊州包括(例 如)識別(例如)第-信號中所包括之信標信號之信標叢發内 的用於輸送信標符號之信標傳輸單^之資訊、頻調跳頻型 樣資訊及/或對應於信標符號之時間資訊。使用者資料958
包括對應於第-信號之資料符號之第—信號之資料資訊, 諸如語音資料、其他類型之音訊資料、影像資料、文字資 料、檔案資料等。 系統資料/資訊968包括時序/頻率結構資訊97〇、作㈣ 碼資鹰、決策標準資訊978及信標編碼資訊98〇心序/ 頻率結構資訊97〇包括頻帶之f訊972及時間週期 =頻帶之資訊972包括識別時常由無線终 帶:資訊。頻帶之資訊Μ亦包括使信標信號 帶有關之資訊。在-些實施例中,不同頻帶用於不同 117859.doc 輪且另一頻帶。’一頻帶在—些實施例中用於信標信號傳 '帶用於使用者資料信號傳輸。在一些實施例 至>、-些頰帶用於多個目的,例如,使用 ^傳輸及無線終端機信標信號傳輸。在_些實^ 不Π時制於不同目的,例如,—通常用於經 ▲自之無線通信之頻帶在一些實施例中時常用於點 I占通信。時間週期之資訊974包括(例如)識別一時序結構
I無線終端機何時應接收信標信號' 傳輸信標信號及將使 用者資料信號傳遞至一對等節點之資訊。 (例如K處理k標符號資訊934時,由信標信號解碼模组 926使用信標解碼資訊976(例如,將多種可能的則貞測之 信標信號映射至恢復資訊之#訊,例如,頻帶類型指定資 訊、裝置ID資訊、使用者出資訊及/或優先權等級資訊)以 恢復資訊(936、......、938)。
圖10為-根據多種實施例之操作-無線通信裝置之例示 性方法的流程圖1000之圖式。該無線通信裝置為(例如)一 可使用電池電源操作之攜帶型無線終端機(諸如,一行動 節點)。無線通信裝置為圖U之無線終端機11〇〇。操作以 步驟丨002開始’在步驟1002中,無線通信裝置被開機及初 始化。操作自開始步驟1002繼續至步驟1〇〇4。在步驟1〇〇4 中,無線通信裝置在一第一a夺間週期期間監視以谓測—第 -通信頻帶中的-包括至少一信標符號之信標信號之至少 一部份。在一些實施例中,一信標信號部份傳遞一識別 值。舉例而言,該識別值可為一裝置識別符及一使用者識 117859.doc •31 · 1358959 別符之一者。 翊到 接著,在步驟嶋中,操作視步驟麗中是否债 包括至少-信標符號之信標信號之至少—部份而不 續。若偵測到-信標信號部份,則操作自步驟1〇〇6 = 步驟1004以在另一第一時間週期期間監視。然而 測到一信標信號部份,則操作自步驟讓 二 1008。 只芏步驟 在步驟刪中,在該第—時間週期之後的—第二 期期間’通料置傳輸—第—信號(例如,包括至少1 標符號之第二信標信號之至少一部份)。在一些實施例 中’該第-信號經傳輸至第一通信頻帶中。在一些實施例 中,該第二時間週期與該第一時間週期有一固定時間關 係。在多種實施例中,第二時間週期具有一距第一時間週 期之開始的預定時間偏移。 ° 接著,在步驟1010中,無線通信裝置傳輸使用者資料。 第-信號在-些實施例中係在非重疊時間週期期間在使用 者資料傳輸之前加以傳輸。在多種實施例中,使用者資料 亦係在第-通信頻帶中加以傳輸。操作自步驟1010繼續至 步驟1012。在步驟1012中,無線通信裝置監視一來自另一 裝置(該另-裝置與該無線通信裝置正在一點對點基礎上 通信)之對該使用者資料傳輸之回應。 圖11為-根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線終端機 ιι〇〇(例如’订動節點)之圊式。例示性無線終端機n〇〇可 為圖I之系統1〇〇的例示性無線終端機(1〇2、⑺4)之任一 I17859.doc -32- 1358959 者。 例示性無線终端機noo包括經由一匯流排1112福接於— 起之一接收器模組11〇2、一傳輸器模組11〇4、一處理器 1106、使用者I/O裝置1108及記憶體111〇,該等多種元件可 經由匯流排1112交換資料及資訊。記憶體111〇包括常式 1114及資料/資訊1116。處理器U06(例如,一 CPU)執行常 式1114且使用記憶體i i 10中之資料/資訊丨丨16控制無線終端 機1100之操作且實施方法。 接收器模組1102(例如,一OFDM接收器)經耦接至接收 天線1103 ’無線終端機1100經由接收天線11〇3接收來自其 他無線通信裝置之信號《接收器模組i 102接收(例如)在一 第一通信頻帶中加以傳輸之信標信號部份。接收器模組 1102亦接收作為點對點通信會期之一部份之來自對等裝置 之會期建立信號及使用者資料信號。 傳輸器模組1104(例如’一OFDM傳輸器)經耦接至傳輸 天線1105 ’無線終端機ι100經由傳輸天線11〇5將信號傳輸 至其他無線通信裝置(例如,對等節點)。在一些實施例 中’同一天線(例如)結合雙工模組用於接收器模組丨1〇2及 傳輸器模組11 04 ^經傳輸之信號包括信標信號、作為一點 對點通信會期之一部份之通信會期建立信號及使用者資料 信號。 使用者I/O裝置1108包括(例如)麥克風、小鍵盤、鍵盤、 開關、攝影機、揚聲器、顯示器等。使用者I/C)裝置11〇8 允許無線終端機1100之一使用者輸入資料/資訊,存取輸 117859.doc •33 · 1358959 出資料/資訊及控制無線终端機丨丨00之至少一些功能(例 如,試圖建立一點對點通信會期)。 常式1114包括通信常式1118及無線終端機控制常式 u 2〇。通信常式1118實施由無線終端機1100使用之多種通 信協定。無線終端機控制常式i 120包括一信標偵測模組 1122、一傳輸控制模組i 124、一第一信號(例如,信標信 號部份)產生模組1126、一信標符號產生模組1127、一信 標資訊偵測模組1128、一頻帶控制模組113〇、一使用者資 料傳輸控制模組U32及一回應偵測模 組1134 。 k標偵測模組1122偵測一第一通信頻帶中所傳遞之信標 符號之接收。傳輸控制模組丨124根據信標偵測模組丨122之 輸出來控制信號傳輸。當在—第—時間週期期間未偵測 到一包括至少一信標符號之信標信號部份時,傳輸控制模 組心控制傳輸器模組1104使其在該第一時間週期之後的 -第二時間週期期間傳輸一第一信號。在一些實施例中, 該第-時間週期與第一時間週期有一固定時間關係,例 如,相對於第-時間週期之開始的一預定時間偏移。 一第號產生模組1126產生第—信號。舉例而言,一例 ST第—信號為一諸如一包括至少一信標符號之信標信號 之信標信號部份。信標符號產生模組1127產生信標符 如,包括於所產…標符號部份中之信標符號。 :對:,自無線終端機之傳輸方面看,一信標符號為一 舉例而料符號之相對高功率符號,其促進容易侦測。 a ’ 一信標符號與-資料符號之間的平均傳輸功率 117859.doc -34- 1358959 差在一些實施例中為至少10 dB。在一些實施例中,所產 生之信標符號之每一者具有相同傳輸功率位準。在一些實 施例中,每一所產生之信標符號具有相同相位,而所^生 之資料符號可(且通常確實)具有不同相位,例如,作為一 QPSK、QAM16、QAM256等星象圖之一部份。 信標資訊偵測模組U28確定藉由一信標信號之一經偵測 之部份所傳遞的-識別值。該識別值為(例如)一裝置識別 符及一使用者識別符之一者。
頻帶控制模組1130控制接收器模組11〇2及傳輸器模組 1104在其中操作之頻帶。在一些實施例中,接收器模組 1102及傳輸器模組11()4經控制以(例如)關於—點對點通信 會期在一分時多工基礎上使用相同頻帶。 使用者資料傳輸控制模組1132除控制在該第—通信頻帶 中的該第-信號之傳輸外亦控制在該第一通信頻帶中的使 用者資料之傳輸。在一些實施例中,該第一信號係在該使 用者資料之前加以傳輸錢用者㈣傳輸控㈣組⑴2控 制該使用者資料之傳輸使其在—不與該第__信號之傳輸重 叠之傳輸時間週期中㈣。在多種實施例中,使用者資料 傳輸控制模組1132控制使用者f料之傳輸以便將使用者資 料傳輸至第-頻帶"例如,無線終端機正傳輸其之信標 信號之相同頻帶)。 回應憤測模幻134伯測一來自另一裝置(該無線终端機 裝置與該另-裝置正在__點對點基礎上通信)之對該使用 者資料傳輸之回應。該回應為(例如)來自對等節點之使用 117859.doc -35- 1358959 者資料及/或控制資訊。控制資旬 貝讯為(例如)交握資訊、會期 建立資訊、會期終止資訊、會蝴 ^ 訊、時序控制資訊、頻帶資訊等。 貧 /料,資訊1116包括接收器頻帶選擇資訊⑴6、當前時間 :訊㈣' 傳輸器頻帶選擇資訊114〇、信標歸未偵測旗 標1142、經偵測之信標信號資邙
TimU44、經㈣之信標信號 擔識別資訊m6、裝置識別資訊⑽、使㈣識別資訊
115°、所產生之第一信號資訊(例如,所產生之信標信號 資訊)1152、待傳輸之使用者資料1154、來自一對等裝置 的經偵測之回應資訊1156,及系統資料/資訊1158。、
接收器頻帶選擇1136及傳輸器頻帶選擇ιΐ4〇為頻帶選擇 模組1130之輸出且由無線終端機在控制接收器模組11〇2及 傳輸器模組謂調譜中使用。由傳輸控制模組心根據系 統信標信號傳輸規則作出信標傳輸決策中使用來自信標偵 測模組1122之信標偵測/未偵測旗標i丨42(例如,一單一位 元輸出)。 經偵測之信標信號資訊i 144包括由信標信號偵測模組 1122恢復的對應於一經偵測之信標信號之資訊(例如,輸 送信標符號之一組經識別之信標傳輸單元、信標符號之一 型樣、一與經偵測之信標符號相關之斜率等)^經偵測之 信標信號部份識別資訊丨〗46為信標資訊偵測模組〗丨28之一 輸出且(例如)為一識別經偵測之信標信號之來源的裝置識 別符或使用者識別符。 所產生之第一信號資訊(例如’所產生之信標信號資 117859.doc •36· 丄乃8959 ,)1152對應於由第一信號產生模組1126所產生之第一信 號,且包括(例如)定義一信標信號叢發之資訊,其包括(例 如Ηδ標符號頻調識別資訊、空值頻調識別資訊、信標叢 發持續時間資訊及信標叢發時序資訊。 待傳輸之使用者資料1154包括(例如)意欲用於一對等裝 置的將在使用者資料傳輸控制模組1132之控制y (例如)在 一經實施之時序結構中之適當時間(例如,在一使用者資 料間隔期間)傳遞之語音、其他音訊資料、影像資料、文 字及/或#案資料。纟自對等裝£之經债測之回應資訊 115 6為回應偵測模組丨丨3 4之一輸出。 系統資料/資訊1158包括時序/頻率結構資訊116〇、信標 編碼資訊1168及信標解碼資訊117〇。時序/頻率結構資訊 mo包括頻帶之資訊1162、時間週期之資訊u64及時間週 期之關係資訊1166。 圖12為-根據多種實施例之操作—無線通信裝置之例示 性方法的流程圖1200之圖式。該無線通信裝置為(例如)— 可使用電池電源操作之攜帶型無線終端機(諸如,—行動 節點)。錢通信裝置為(例如)圖13之無線終端機13〇。:操 作以步驟12〇2(其中,無線通信裝置被開機及初始化)門 始,且繼續至步驟12〇4。在步驟12〇4中,無線通信裝置^ 收來自另-通信裝置的-包括至少一信標符號之信標信號 之至少一部份。操作自步驟12〇4繼續至步驟12〇6。在步驟 1206中’無線通仏裝置基於藉由該所偵測之信標作號部广 所傳遞之優先權資訊作出一信號傳輸決策。該優先權資= 117859.doc •37· 比8959 指示(例如)一裝置優先 一者。 權、使用者優先權及會期優先權 之 之=:=:且有時)係使用包括於該信標信號部份中 « U號來料。在_些料實施財,至少部 二二二於傳遞該信標信號部份之-粗信標符號傳輸單元 中Ί符㈣位置來編碼優先權㈣。在—些實施例 時間调甘p伤基於纟&括多個信標符號傳輸時間週期之 …用於傳輸該信標信號部份之—組信標符號傳輸 該々之彳5 “符號位置的改變來編碼優先權資訊。在一些 =等實施例中,一組信標符號傳輸單元中之信標符號傳輸 /對應於—對應於待傳遞之優先權等級之預定頻調跳頻 型:。在多種實施例中,使用一唯一信標符號型樣傳遞一 最间優先權信標’該最高優先權信標指示一比用於傳遞優 先權資訊之所有其他信標之優先權高的優先權。 =在些實施例中,作出一傳輸決策包括:當該優先權資 訊指示一比一為該無線通信裝置相關之優先權高之優先權 夺決疋不傳輸使用者資料。在一些實施例中,作出一傳 輸決策包括:當該優先權資訊指示一比一與該無線通信裝 置相關之優先權低之優先權時,決定傳輸使用者資料。 作出一傳輸決策可(且有時確實)包括決定在一傳輸功率 位準下傳輸使用者資料,該傳輸功率位準係根據所接收之 k b k號部份的所接收之優先權等級及所接收之功率位準 來確定。在一些實施例中,當所接收之信標信號部份指示 一比一藉由一先前所接收之用於控制傳輸功率之信標信號 H7859.doc -38 * 伤所指示的優先描莖& ^ 置之等,及尚之優先權等級時,無線通信裝 之f 降低。在一些實施例中,當所接收 傳=份指示—比-藉由-先前所接收之用於控制 算㈣信標信號部份所指示的優先權等級低之優先權 一…、線通彳5裝置之傳輸功率位準得以降低. 接者’在步驟1208中,操作視步驟12()6之信號傳輸決策 ^同地繼續°若信號傳輸決策指示應傳輸使用者資料, 操乍自步驟1208繼續至步驟121〇。若信號傳輪決策指示 應不傳輸使用者資料,則操作自步驟簡繼續至步驟 1204在步驟1204中,操作無線通信裝置以接收一包括至 少-仏標符號之信標信號之另一至少一部份。 ,步驟1210中,操作無線通信裝置以傳輸一信標信號之 至夕部份,例如,一信標信號叢發或複數個信標信號叢 發在夕種實施例中,一信標信號之經傳輸之部份識別該 無線通k裝置及一正在使用言亥無線通信裝置傳輸使用者資 料之使用者之至少一者。在一些實施例中,經傳輸之信標 <吕號部份傳遞對應於該無線通信裝置之優先權資訊。操作 自步驟1210繼續至步驟1212。在步驟1212中,無線通信裝 置傳輸使用者資料。操作自步驟1212繼續至步驟1214。 在步驟1214中,無線通信裝 置監視一包括至少一信標符 號之額外信號部份’例如,該額外信號部份為傳遞一比與 無線通信裝置相關之優先權高之優先權的一信標符號之一 部份°操作自步驟1214繼續至步驟1216。在步驟1216中, 無線通信裝置確定在一預定時間週期期間是否接收到該額 117859.doc -39- 外部份。 若確定未接收到該額外部份,則操作自步驟1216繼續至 步驟1218,在步驟1218中,無線通信裝置傳輸—信號。操
作自步驟121 8繼續至步驟1214以額外監視另—預定的 週期。 B 返回至步驟1216,若確定接收到該額外部份,則操作自 步驟1216繼續至步驟1204,在步驟12〇4中,操作無線通信 裝置以接收一包括至少一信標符號之信標信號之另一至少 一部份。 圖13為一根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線終端機 1300(例如,行動節點)之圖式。例示性無線終端機η卯可 為圖1之系統1 〇〇的例示性無線終端機(丨02、丨〇4)之任一 者。 例示性無線終端機13 〇 〇包括經由一匯流排13 12耗接於一 起之一接收器模組1302、一傳輸器模組13〇4、一處理器 1306、使用者1/0裝置13〇8及記憶體131〇,該等多種元件 可經由匯流排1312交換資料及資訊。記憶體131〇包括常式 1314及資料/資訊1316。處理器1306(例如,一 CPU)執行常 式13 14且使用記憶體13 1 〇中之資料/資訊丨3丨6控制無線終 端機1300之操作且實施方法。 接收器模組1302(例如,一 OFDM接收器)經耦接至接收 天線1303 ’無線終端機經由接收天線13〇3接收來自其他無 線通信裝置之信號。接收器模組1302接收來自其他通信裝 置之仏號’該等信號包括一包括至少一信標符號之信標信 117859.doc •40- 1358959 號之至少-部份。所接收之信號包括來自對等節點之信標 信號及使用者資料信號。 傳輸器模組13G4(例如,-〇FDM傳輸器)經耗接至傳輸 天線1305,無線終端機經由傳輸天線13〇5將信號傳輸至其 他無線通信裝置(例如,對等節點)。在一些實施例中,同 —天線(例如)結合一雙工模組用於接收器模組13〇2及傳輸 器模組13G4。傳輸n模組13Q4根據信號傳輸決策模組1322 之決策傳輸包括信標信號部份及使用者資料之信號。在多 種實施例中,一包括至少一信標符號之信標信號的經傳輸 之部份識別以下之至少一者:i}無線通信裝置13〇〇及丨丨)一 正在使用無線終端機13〇〇傳輸使用者資料之使用者。 使用者I/O裝置1308包括(例如)麥克風、小鍵盤、鍵盤、 開關、攝影機、揚聲器、顯示器等。使用者I/C)裝置13〇8 允許無線終端機1300之一使用者輸入資料/資訊,存取輸 出資料/資訊及控制無線終端機13〇〇之至少一些功能(例 如,試圖建立一點對點通信會期)。 吊式1314包括通信常式1318及無線終端機控制常式 1320。通信常式13 18實施由無線終端機1300使用之多種通 仏協定。無線終化機控制常式1320包括一傳輸決策模組 1322、一信標信號產生模組1324、一監視模組1326、一控 制模組1328、一傳輸功率控制模組133〇及一信標信號資訊 偵測模組1332。 傳輸決策模組1322基於藉由所接收之信標信號部份所傳 遞之優先權資訊作出一信號傳輸決策。該優先權資訊指示 U7859.doc -41 - 1358959 (例如)一裝置優先權、一使用者優先權及一會期優先權之 一者°傳輸決策模組1322包括一基於優先權之控制模組 1334。¥所接收之優先權資訊指示一比一與該無線終端機 1300相關之優先權高之優先權時,基於優先權之控制模組 1334防止使用者資料之傳輸。在多種實施例中,當所接收 之優先權資訊指示一比一與無線終端機1300相關之優先權 低之優先權時’基於優先權之控制模組1334啟用使用者資 料傳輸。 信標信號產生模組1324產生信標信號部份,一所產生之 信標信號部份包括至少一信標符號。一些信標信號部份被 稱作一信標叢發信號。 控制模組1328控制監視模組1326使其在傳輸決策模組 1 322作出一信號傳輸決策之後監視一包括至少一信標符號 之額外信標信號部份。在一些實施例中,若在一預定時間 週期中未接收到傳遞一比與無線終端機丨3〇〇相關之該優先 權高之優先權的一額外信標信號部份,則傳輸決策模組 1322作出一傳輸一信號之決策。 傳輸功率控制模組1330根據所接收之信標信號部份的所 接收之優先權等級及一所接收之功率位準之至少一者控制 一使用者資料傳輸功率位準。傳輸功率控制模組133〇包括 一傳輸功率降低模組n36。當所接收之信標信號部份指示 比藉由一先削所接收之用於控制傳輸功率之信標信號 伤所私示的優先權等級高之優先權時,傳輸功率降低模 組1336降低傳輸功率位準。 117859.doc 42- 信標信號資訊偵測模組1332自包括於—所接收之信標信 號部份中之—組信標符號確定優先權資訊,該優先權資訊 係在複數個信標符號上加以編碼。在一些實施例中,至少 部份藉由用於傳輸一信標信號部份之一組信標符號傳輸單 元中之信標符號的位置來編碼優先權資訊。在多種實施例 中,至少部份基於用於傳輸一信標信號部份之一組信標符 號傳輸單元巾之信標符^立置巾的改變來編碼優先權資 訊。在-些實施例中’至少部份基於在一包括多個信標符 號傳輸時間週期之時間週期上用於傳輸一信標信號部份之 一組信標符號傳輸單元中之信標符號位置中的改變來編碼 優先權資訊。在多種實施例中,一組信標符號傳輸單元中 之信標符號位置對應於一對應於待傳遞之優先權等級之預 定頻調跳頻型樣。在一些實施例中,使用一唯一信標符號 型樣傳遞一最高優先權,該最高優先權指示一比用於傳遞 優先權資訊之所有其他信標之優先權高的優先權。 資料/資訊1316包括所接收之信標信號部份資訊(所接收 之k標信號部份1資訊13 3 8、......、所接收之信標信號部 份N資訊1340)、傳輸決策資訊1342、待傳輸之使用者資料 1344、與無線終端機相關之當前優先權1346、使用者資料 傳輸功率位準資訊1348、與所接收之信標信號部份相關之 優先權等級資訊(與所接收之信標信號部份i相關之優先權 1350、……、與所接收之信標信號部份N相關之優先權 1352)、所產生之信標信號部份資訊1354,及信標信號解 碼資訊1356。 117859.doc •43 · 1358959 所接收之信標信號部份1資訊1338包括信標符號資訊 1358及優先權資訊1360。優先權資訊13 60包括下列至少一 者.裝置優先權資訊1362、使用者優先權資訊1364及會期 優先權資訊1366。 所接收之信標信號部份N資訊1340包括信標符號資訊 13 68及優先權資訊1370。優先權資訊13 70包括下列至少一 者:裝置優先權資訊1372、使用者優先權資訊1374及會期 優先權資訊1376 » 傳輸決策1342為傳輸決策模組1322之一輸出,其指示無 線終端機1300是否被容許傳輸。待傳輸之使用者資料1344 為(例如)無線終端機1300(若經授權)意欲在一點對點通信 會期中傳輸至一對等裝置的語音、其他音訊資料、影像資 料、文字資料、檔案資料等。 與無線終端機相關之當前優先權1346指示與無線終端機 1300相關之當前優先權等級,其由基於優先權之控制模組 13 3 4使用以進行比較。在一些實施例中,一無線終端機之 當前優先權可(且有時確實)隨時間而改變,例如,根據會 期資訊及/或使用者識別資訊而改變。 與所接收之信標信號部份1相關之優先權1350及與所接 收之彳§標彳目虎部份N相關之優先權13 5 2分別對應於所接收 之k標"is號部份(1338、......、1340),且係由傳輸決策模 組1322使用。 所產生之信標信號部份資訊1354(例如,對應於一包括 一組信標符號及一組有意空值之信標信號叢發)為信標信 117859.doc -44- 1358959 號產生模組1324之一輸出β 使用者資料傳輸功率位準資訊1348包括功率位準調整資 訊1378,例如,指示回應於一經偵測具有較高優先權之信 標信號而實施的一功率降低之量之資訊。 信標信號解碼資訊1356包括信標符號位置資訊138〇及頻 調跳頻型樣/優先權等級資訊1382。當處理一或多個所接 收之信標信號部份之信標符號資訊(例如,資訊1358)以獲 得藉由信標信號所輸送之優先權資訊(例如,裝置優先權 資訊1362、使用者優先權資訊1364及會期優先權資訊1366 之一或多者)時,由信標信號資訊偵測模組1332使用信標 信號解碼資訊1356。 雖然在一 OFDM TDD系統情況下加以描述,但多種實施 例之方法及設備可適用於一廣闊範圍之通信系統,該等通 信系統包括許多非〇FDM、許多非TDD系統及/或許多非蜂 巢式系統。 在多種實施例中,使用一或多個模組執行對應於一或多 個方法之步驟來實施本文所描述之節點,該等步驟例如, 產生一 k標信號,傳輸一信標信號,接收信標信號,掃描 信標信號,自所接收之信標信號恢復資訊,確定一時序調 整’實施-時序調整’改變一操作模式,起始一通信會 期,比較使用者信標信號之優先權等級,確定路徑損耗, 自-固定位置信標傳輸器較—參考等。在_些實施例 中,使用模組實施多種特徵。可使用軟體、硬體或軟體與 硬體之一組合來實施該等模組。可使用包括於—諸如一記 117859.doc •45· 1358959 ft體裝置(例如,RAM、軟性磁碟等)之機器可讀媒體中之 機窃可執行指令(諸如,軟體)來實施許多上述方法或方法 步驟以控制-機器(例如,具有或不具有額外硬體之通用 電腦),(例如)在一或多個節點中實施上述所有方法或部份 方法。因此,其中,多種實施例係針對包括用於使一機器 (例如,處理器及相關硬體)執行上述方法之步驟的一或多 者之機器可執行指令之一機器可讀媒體。 鑒於以上描述,關於上述方法及設備之許多額外變化對 於熟習此項技術者而言將係顯而易見的。該等變化將被考 慮為在範疇之内。可(且在多種實施例中係)以Cdma、正 父分頻多工(OFDM)及/或可用於提供存取節點與行動節點 之間的無線通信鏈路之多種其他類型之通信技術來使用多 種實施例之方法及設備。在一些實施例中’存取節點經實 施為基地台,其使用OFDM及/或CDMA建立與行動節點之 通信鏈路。在多種實施例中,行動節點經實施以筆記型電 腦、個人資料助理(PDA)或用於實施多種實施例之方法之 包括接收器/傳輸器電路及邏輯及/或常式之其他攜帶型裝 置。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1說明根據多種實施例加以實施的一地理區域中之一 例示性認知無線電網路。 圖2說明一在一根據多種實施例加以實施之認知無線電 網路中使用信標信號控制頻譜帶之使用之例示性方法的梯 形圖。 117859.doc -46- 1358959 圖3說明根據多種實施例加以實施之不同例示性信枳仁 號,例如,系統及/或使用者信標信號。 圖4 s兒明利用根據多種實施例加以實施之時序同爭 圖5說月根據多種實施例加以實施之由一例示持 i 王無線 終端機使用之方法的流程圖。 圖6說明根據一預測信標監視間隔監視信標信號叢發 傳輸一信標叢發之一實施例。 及
圖7說明一根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線终 機之一詳細說明》 、;端 包含圖8A與圖8B之之組合圖8為一根據多種實施例之 作一無線通信裝置(例如,一諸如一行動節點之無線终” 機)之例示性方法的流程圖之圖式。 喘
圖9為一根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性 (例如,行動節點)之圖式。 圖10為一根據多種實施例之操作一無線通信裝置之例示 性方法的流程圖之圖式。 ' 圖11為-根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線終端機 (例如,行動節點)之圖式。 圖12為一根據多種實施例之操作一無線通信裝置之例示 性方法的流程圖之圖式。 π 圖13為-根據多種實施例加以實施之例示性無線終端機 (例如’行動節點)之圖式。 【主要元件符號說明】 ^7859.,100 -47- 1358959
100 102 104 105 106 200 201 202 204 206 300 302 304 306 認知無線電通信網路/系統 第一無線終端機 第二無線終端機 糸統終端機 地理區域 梯形圖 垂直轴 無線終端機A 無線終端機B 無線終端機C 圖式/上部部份 水平軸 垂直軸 小方框
308 310 312 314 316 318 320 322 324 小黑方框/信標符號 小黑方框/信標符號 小黑方框/信標符號 小黑方框/信標符號 信標信號叢發 信標信號叢發 信標信號叢發 信標信號叢發 信標信號/第一信標信號/第一 信號/使用者信標信號 用者信標 117859.doc -48 - 1358959 350 圖式/下部部份 352 水平軸 356 小方框 358 信標符號 360 信標符號 362 信標符號 364 信標符號 366 信標信號叢發 368 信標信號叢發 370 信標信號叢發 372 信標信號叢發 374 信標信號/第二信標信號 400 圖式 402 接通時間 404 接通時間 406 停機時間 500 流程圖 600 圖式 601 水平軸 602 信標信號叢發/信標叢發 604 信標信號叢發/信標叢發 606 信標信號叢發/信標叢發 608 使用者信標信號 612 時間偏移 117859.doc • 49- 7001358959 702 704 706 710 711
712 713 714 715
716 717 730 732 734 736 738 740 742 744 800 822
例示性無線終端機/無線終端機 殼體 處理器 匯流排 記憶體 用於掃描一頻譜帶以搜尋該帶中之系統信 標信號之模組 信號傳輸/控制模組 用於傳輸使用者信標信號之模組 信號傳輸/控制資料 用於比較不同使用者信標信號之優先權等 級之模組 組態資訊 用於確定路徑損耗之模組 無線通信介面模組 接收器模組 傳輸器模組 天線 雙工器 使用者輸入/輸出介面 使用者輸入裝置 使用者輸出裝置 流程圖 連接節點A 117859.doc -50- 1358959
828 連接節點B 900 無線終端機 902 接收器模組 903 接收天線 904 傳輸器模組 905 傳輸天線 906 處理器
使用者I/O裝置 記憶體 匯流排 常式 資料/資訊 通信常式
908 910 912 914 916 918 920 922 924 926 928 930 無線終端機控制常式 信標偵測模組 基於信標之決策模組 信標信號傳輸解碼模組 信標信號產生模組 控制模組 931 使用者資料傳輸控制模組 932 無線終端機信標偵測模組 934 所偵測之信標信號資訊 936 自一對應於一第一信標信號之經解碼之信 標信號部份恢復的資訊 117859.doc •51 · 1358959 938 940 942 944 946 948 950
954 956 958 960 962 964 966 968 970 972 974 976 978 980 1000 自一對應於一第N信標信號之經解碼之信 標信號部份恢復的資訊 傳輸決策資訊 類型資訊 識別資訊 類型資訊 識別資訊 裝置識別資訊 使用者識別資訊 第一信號資訊 信標符號資訊 使用者資料 當前時間週期資訊 接收器頻帶選擇資訊 傳輸器頻帶選擇資訊 點對點網路通信會期資訊 系統資料/資訊 時序/頻率結構資訊 頻帶之資訊 時間週期之資訊 信標解碼資訊 決策標準資訊 信標編碼資訊 流程圖 117859.doc -52- 1358959 1100 無線終端機 1102 接收器模組 1103 接收天線 1104 傳輸器模組 1105 傳輸天線 * 1106 處理器 *. 1108 使用者I/O裝置 1110 記憶體 ® 1112 匯流排 1114 常式 1116 資料/資訊 1118 通信常式 1120 無線終端機控制常式 1122 信標偵測模組 1124 傳輸控制模組 1126 • 第一信號產生模組 1127 信標符號產生模組 1128 信標資訊偵測模組 - 1130 頻帶控制模組/頻帶選擇模組 1132 使用者資料傳輸控制模組 1134 回應偵測模組 1136 接收器頻帶選擇資訊/接收器頻帶選擇 1138 當前時間資訊 1140 傳輸器頻帶選擇資訊/傳輸器頻帶選擇 117859.doc -53- 1358959 1142 1144 1146 1148 1150 1152 1154 1156 籲 1158 1160 1162 1164 1166 1168 1170 1200
1300 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1308 1310 117859.doc 信標偵測/未偵測旗標 經偵測之信標信號資訊 經偵測之信標信號部份識別資訊 裝置識別資訊 使用者識別資訊 所產生之第一信號資訊 待傳輸之使用者資料 來自一對等裝置的經偵測之回應資訊 糸統資料/資訊 時序/頻率結構資訊 頻帶之資訊 時間週期之資訊 時間週期之關係資訊 信標編碼資訊 信標解碼資訊 流程圖 無線終端機/無線通信裝置 接收器模組 接收天線 傳輸器模組 傳輸天線 處理器 使用者I/O裝置 記憶體 -54- 1312 1312 1314
1316 1318 1320 1322 1324 1326 1328 1330 1332 1334 1336 1338 1340 1342 1344 1346 1348 1350 1352 1354 1356 1358 匯流排 常式 資料/資訊 通信常式 無線終端機控制常式 信號傳輸決策模組/傳輸決策模組 信標信號產生模組 監視模纟且 控制模組 傳輸功率控制模組 信標信號資訊偵測模組 基於優先權之控制模組 傳輸功率降低模組 所接收之信標信號部份丨資訊 所接收之信標信號部資訊 傳輸決策資訊/傳輸決策 待傳輸之使用者資料 與無線終端機相關之當前優先權 使用者資料傳輸功率位準資訊 與所接收之信標信號部份丨相關之優先權 與所接收之信標信號部份N相關之優先權 所產生之信標信號部份資訊 信標信號解碼資訊 4標符號資訊 H7859.doc -55- 1358959 1360 優先權資訊 1362 裝置優先權資訊 1364 使用者優先權資訊 1366 會期優先權資訊 1368 信標符號資訊 1370 優先權資訊 1372 裝置優先權資訊 1374 使用者優先權資訊 1376 會期優先權資訊 1378 功率位準調整資訊 1380 信標符號位置資訊 1382 頻調跳頻型樣/優先權等級資訊
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Claims (1)

1358959 . 第096101130號專利申請索 中文申凊專利範圍替換本(100年7月) 十、申請專利範圍: 種操作一無線通信裝置之方法,其包含: 接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至少一信標符號之信 標信號之至少一部份; 基於藉由該所接收之信標信號部份所傳遞之優先權資 訊作出一信號傳輸決策,該優先權資訊指示一裝置優先 權等級及一使用者優先權拿級中之一者;且 八中作出一“號傳輸決策包括決定在一傳輸功率位準 下傳輸使用者資料,該傳輸功率位準係根據下列至少一 者來確定:該所接收之信標信號部份的該所揍收之優先 權等級及一所接收之功率位準。 2.:凊求項1之方法,其中該信標信號係來自另一無線通 信裝置,且指示該其他無線通信裝置之一優先權,該其 他無線通信裝置為一行動裝置。 3. 如。月求項i之方法,其中作出一信號傳輸決策包括:當 邊,先權資訊指示—比—與該無線通信裝置相關之優先 權高之優先權時,決定不傳輸使用者資料。 4. 如明求項3之方法,其中作出一信號傳輸決策包括:當 该優先權資訊指示―比—與該無線通信裝置相關之優先 權低之優先權時,決定傳輸使用者資料。 5 .如請求項4之方法,其進一步包含: 當該信號傳輸決策指示待傳輸使用者資料時,傳輸使 用者資料;及 除傳輪該使用者資料外 亦傳輸一信標信號之至少一 117859-1000707.doc 1358959 部份。 6. 如請求項5之方法’其中一信標信號之該經傳輪之部份 識別下列至少一者:該無線通信裝置;及一正在使用該 無線通信裝置傳輪該使用者資料之使用者。 7. 如請求項3之方法,其進一步包含: 在該信號傳輸決策之後, 監視一包括至少一信標符號之額外信號部份;及
右在一預定時間週期中未接收到該額外信標信號部 伤’則傳輸一信號。 8.如請求項7之方法,其中該額外信號部份為一信標信號 之一部份,該部份傳遞一比與該無線通信裝置相關之該 優先權高之優先權。
9.如4求項5之方法,其中該經傳輸 對應於該無線通信裝置之優先權資訊 Α如请求項1之方法,其中作出一信號傳輸決策包括块 在一傳輸功率位準下傳輸使用者資料,該傳輸功率位 :根據了列二者來確定:由該所接收之信標信號部份 遞的该優先權等級及該所接收之信標信號部份的一 接收之功率位準。 11’如s青求項10之方法 梵 一 方法其中當該所接收之信標信號部份 不一比—藉由一先前所娃收 m ^ , 先則所接收之用於控制傳輸功率之俨 份所指示的優先權等級高之優先權等級時,; 輸功率位準得以降低。 吁 ^ 12.如请求項10之方法,盆 A Μ中田該所接收之信標信號部份 117859-1000707.doc -2 - 户比肖由一&前所接收之用於控制傳輸功率之作;p ^號部份所指示的優以等級低之優_等級時,^ 輸功率位準得以降低。 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 月求項1之方法’其中該優先權資訊係使用包括於 信標信號部份中之複數個信標符號而加以編碼。… 如請求項13之方法’其中該優先權資訊係至少部份藉由 =於傳輸❹標信號部份之—組信標符號傳輸單元中的 信標符號之位置而加以編碼。 如。月求項13之方法,其中該優先權資訊係至少部份基於 在-包括多個信標符號傳輸時間週期之時間週期上用於 : 專輸該信標信號部份之一組信標符號傳輸單元中之信標 付號位置中的改變而加以編石馬。 如6月求項15之方法’其中該組信標符號傳輸單元中之該 等信標符號位置對應於_對應於待傳遞之該優先權等級 之預定頻調跳頻型樣。 :月求項16之方法’其中—唯—信標符號型樣用於傳遞 最间優先權#標,該最高優先權信標指示一比用於傳 遞優先權資訊之所有其他信標之優先權高之優先權。 一種無線通信裝置,其包含: 一接收裔,其用於接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至 少一信標符號之信標信號之至少一部份; -傳輸決策模組,纟用於基於藉由該所接收之信標信 號部份所傳遞之優先權資訊作出一信號傳輸決策,該優 先權資訊指示一裝置優先權等級及一使用者優先權等級 117859-1000707.doc 1358959 中之一者;且 其中該傳輸決策控制模組,其用於根據下列至少—者 來控制-使用者資料傳輸功率位準:該所接收之信標作 號部份的該所接收之優先權等級及―所接收之功 準。 19.如請求項18之無線通信裝置,其中該信標信號係來自另 一無線通信裝置,且指示該其他無線通信裝置之—優先 權。 20_如請求項18之無線通信裝置,其中該傳輸決策模組包括 一基於優先權之控制模組,該基於優先權之控制模組係 用於當該優先權資訊指示一比一與該無線通信裝置相關 之優先權高之優先權時防止使用者資料之傳輸。 21. 如請求項20之無線通信裝置,其中當該優先權資訊指示 一比一與該無線通信裝置相關之優先權低之優先權時, 該基於優先權之控制模組啟用使用者資料傳輸。 22. 如請求項21之無線通信裝置,其進一步包含: 一 4§彳示仏说產生模組’其用於產生一包括一信標符號 之信標信號之至少一部份;及 一傳輸器,其用於當該信號傳輸決策模組指示待傳輸 使用者資料時,除傳輸一信標信號之該部份外,亦傳輸 使用者資料。 23. 如請求項22之無線通信裝置,其中一信標信號之該經傳 輸之部份識別下列至少一者:i)該無線通信裝置;及ii) 一正在使用該無線通信裝置傳輸該使用者資料之使用 117859-1000707.doc 1358959 者。 24.如請求項20之無線通信裝置,其進一步包含: 一控制模組,其用於在該傳輸決策模組作出一信號傳 輸決策之後控制一監視模組使其監視一包括至少一信標 符號之額外信標信號部份;且 其中右在一預定時間週期中未接收到該額外信標信號 部份,則該傳輸決策模組作出一傳輸一信號之決策。
25. 如凊求項24之無線通信裝置,其中該額外信標信號部份 為—信標信號之一部份,該部份傳遞一比與該無線通信 裝置相關之該優先權高之優先權。 26. 如凊求項22之無線通信裝置,其中該經傳輸之信標信號 部份傳遞對應於該無線通信裝置之優先權資訊。 27. 如請求項18之無線通信裝置,其進一步包含: 一傳輸功率控制模組,其用於根據下列二者來控制一 ❹者資㈣輸功率位準:由該所接收之信標信號部份 所傳遞的該優先權等級;及該所接收之信標信號部份的 一所接收之功率位準。 28·如請求項27之無線通信裝置,其中該傳輸功率 包括-傳輸功率降低模組,該傳輪功率降低模組係用於 當該所接收之信標信號部份指示—比—藉由—先前所接 收之用於控制傳輸功率之信標信號部份所指示的優先權 等級高之優先權等級時,降低該傳輸功率位準。 29.如請求項18之無線通信裝置,其進_步包含: —信標信號資訊偵測模組,其用於自包括於該信標信 117859-1000707.(1, !358959 號部份中之一組信標符號確定該優先權資訊,該優先權 資訊係在複數個信標符號上加以編碼。 3 0.如請求項29之無線通信裝置,其中該優先權資訊係至少 部份藉由用於傳輸該信標信號部份之一組信標符號傳輸 單元中的信標符號之位置而加以編碼。 31. 如請求項29之無線通信裝置,其中該優先權資訊係至少 部份基於在一包括多個信標符號傳輸時間週期之時間週 期上用於傳輸該信標信號部份之一組信標符號傳輸單元 中之彳§標符號位置中的改變而加以編碼。 32. 如清求項31之無線通信裝置,其中該組信標符號傳輸單 π中之該等信標符號位置對應於一對應於待傳遞之該優 先權等級之預定頻調跳頻型樣。 33. 如請求項32之無線通信裝置,其中一唯一信標符號型樣 係用於傳遞一最向優先權信標,該最高優先權信標指示 -比用於傳遞優先權資訊之所有其他信標之優先權高之 優先權。 3 4. —種無線通信裝置,其包含: 用於接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至少一信標符號 之信標信號之至少一部份的構件; 用於基於藉由該所接收之信標信號部份所傳遞之優先 權資訊作出-信號傳輸決策之構件,該優先權資訊指示 一裝置優先權等級及—使用者優先權等級中之—者;且 其中該作出—ϋ傳輸決策之構件包括用於決定在一 傳輸功率位準下傳輪走 砰殉便用者貧料之構件,該傳輪功率位 117859-1000707.doc ' 6 - 1358959 準係根據下列至少-者來痛定:該所接收之信標信號部 伤的忒所接收之優先權等級及一所接收之功率位準。 35.如請求項34之無線通信裝置,其中該信標信號係來自另 —無線通信裝置,且指示該另—無線通 36.如請求項34之無線通信裝置,其中該用於作出一傳輸決 策之構件包括用於根據優先權資訊控制傳輪之構件該 用於根據優先權資訊控制傳輸之構件係用於當該優先權 資訊指示一比一與該無線通信裝置相關之優先權高之優 先權時防止使用者資料之傳輸。 A如請求項36之無線通信裝置,其中當該優先權資訊指示 一比一與該無線通信裝置相關之優先權低之優先權時, 該用於根據優先權資訊控制傳輸之構件啟用使用者資料 傳輸。 3 8.如請求項37之無線通信裝置,其進一步包含: 用於產生信標信號之構件,其用於產生一包括一信標 付號之信標信號之至少一部份;及 用於傳輸之構件,其用於當該信號傳輸決策模組指示 待傳輸使用者資料時,除傳輸一信標信號之該部份外, 亦傳輸使用者資料。 39·如請求項38之無線通信裝置,其中—信標信號之該經傳 輸之部份識別下列至少一者·· i)該無線通信裝置;及u) 正在使用δ亥無線通k裝置傳輸該使用者資料之使用 者0 I17859-1000707.doc 1358959 40. 如請求項36之無線通信裝置,其進一步包含: 用於監視信標信號之構件; 用於在該用於作出一傳輸決策之構件作出一信號傳輸 決策之後控制該用於監視信標信號之構件使其監視〆包 括至少一信標符號之額外信標信號部份的構件;且 其中右在一預定時間週期中未接收到該額外信標信號; 部份,則該用於作出一傳輸決策之構件作出一傳輸〆倌 號之決策。 41. 一種電腦可讀媒體’其包含用於控制一無線通信裝置之 機器可執行指令,該電腦可讀媒體包含: 用於控制該裝置以接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括矣 少一 k標符號之信標信號之至少一部份之指令;及 用於控制該裝置以作出一信號傳輸決策之指令,該倌 號傳輸決策基於藉由該所接收之信標信號部份所傳遞之 優先權資訊’該優先權資訊指示一裝置優先權等級及, 使用者優先權等級中之一者;且 其中用於作出一信號傳輸決策之指令包括用於決定在 一傳輸功率位準下傳輸使用者資料之指令’該傳輸功率 位準係根據下列至少一者來確定:該所接收之信標信號 部份的該所接收之優先權等級及一所接收之功率位準。 42. 如請求項41之電腦可讀媒體,其中該信標信號係來自另 一無線通信裝置,且指示該另一無線通信裝置之一優先 權。 43. 如請求項41之電腦可讀媒體,其進一步包含用於執行以 117859-1000707.doc 1358959 下操作之機器可執行指令: 用於控制該裝置以當該優先權資訊指示—比一 線通信裝置相關之優_高之優先權時決以料= 者資料’以作為該用於控制該裝置傳 策之一部份。 “傳輪決 44. 如請求項43之電腦可讀媒體,其進一步包含用於執行以 下操作之機器可執行指令: 视仃以 用於控制該裝置以當該優先權資訊指示_比_ 線通信裝置相關之以權低之衫權時決定傳輪使用^ 資料,以料制於控制該裝置 之一部份。 L唬傳輪決策 45. 如請求項44之電腦可讀媒體,其進 下操作之機器可執行指令: ^用於執行以 當^ 言號傳輸決策指示待傳輸使用者資料時,控制使 用者^料之該傳輸;及 除控制該使用者資料之料 號之至少一部份的傳輸。 控制4標信 46.如請求項45之電腦可讀媒體,其進一步包含用於執行以 下操作之機器可執行指令: 別=制該:置以編碼識別資訊,該編碼識別資訊識 者:該無線通信裝置;及-正在使詩益 線通信裝置將該使用者資料傳輪至正被傳輸之一信= 號之δ亥至少一部份中的使用者。 47. —種用於無線通信的設備,其包含: 117859-1000707.doc 1358959 一處理器,其經組態以: 接收來自另一通信裝置的一包括至少一信標符號之 信標信號之至少一部份; 基於藉由該所接收之信標信號部份所傳遞之優先權 資訊作出一信號傳輸決策,該優先權資訊指示一裝置 優先權等級及一使用者優先權等級中之一者;且 其中於作出一信號傳輸決策時’該處理器經進一步 組態以決定在一傳輸功率位準下傳輸使用者資料,該 傳輸功率位準係根據下列至少一者來確定:該所接收 之信標信號部份的該所接收之優先權等級及—所接收 之功率位準。 48. 如晴求項47之設備,其中該信標信號係來自另—無線通 化裝置,且指示該另一無線通信裝置之一優先權。 49. 如請求項48之設備,其中該處理器經進一步組態以: 當该優先權資訊指示一比一與該無線通信裝置相關之 優先權高之優先權時決定不傳輸使用者資料,以作為該 作出一信號傳輸決策之步驟之—部份。 50. 如請求項49之設備,其中該處理器經進一步組態以: 當該優先權貢訊指示一比一與該無線通信裝置相關之 優先權低之優先權時決定傳輸使用者資料,以作為該作 出一信號傳輸決策之步驟之—部份。 51. 如請求項50之設備,其中該處理器經進一步組態以: 當該信號傳輸決策指示待傳輪使用者資料時控制使 用者資料之該傳輸;及 117859-1000707.doc -10· 除控制該使用者資料之兮偟於 貝卄之該傳輸外,亦控制— 之至少一部份的傳輸。 威 52·如請求項51之設備,其中該處理器經進-步組態以: .為碼識別資訊’該編碼識別資訊識別下列至少一者: 該無線通信裝置;及—正在使用該無線通信裝置將該使 用者Η料傳輸至正被傳輸之__信標信號之該至少一部份 中的使用者。
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