EP1936070B1 - Fussbodensystem, das mehrere mechanisch verbindbare Fussbodenplatten umfasst - Google Patents

Fussbodensystem, das mehrere mechanisch verbindbare Fussbodenplatten umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1936070B1
EP1936070B1 EP08154461.1A EP08154461A EP1936070B1 EP 1936070 B1 EP1936070 B1 EP 1936070B1 EP 08154461 A EP08154461 A EP 08154461A EP 1936070 B1 EP1936070 B1 EP 1936070B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
locking
joint
balancing layer
joint edge
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP08154461.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1936070A2 (de
EP1936070A3 (de
Inventor
Darko Pervan
Tony Pervan
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Valinge Innovation AB
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Valinge Innovation AB
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Application filed by Valinge Innovation AB filed Critical Valinge Innovation AB
Priority to EP10179890.8A priority Critical patent/EP2275617A3/de
Priority to EP10180619.8A priority patent/EP2275621B1/de
Publication of EP1936070A2 publication Critical patent/EP1936070A2/de
Publication of EP1936070A3 publication Critical patent/EP1936070A3/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E04F2201/0161—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/026—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. being stepped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/042—Other details of tongues or grooves with grooves positioned on the rear-side of the panel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/043—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues and grooves being formed by projecting or recessed parts of the panel layers

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to the field of mechanical locking of floorboards.
  • the invention relates to an improved flooring system for mechanical locking of floorboards .
  • the invention generally relates to an improvement to a flooring system of the type described and shown in WO 9426999 .
  • the invention relates to a flooring system for mechanically joinable floorboards of the type having a body, opposite first and second joint edge portions, a balancing layer on a rear side of the body and a surface layer on the upper side of the body co-acting with the balancing layer, and adjoining floorboards in a mechanically joined position having their first and second joint edge portions joined at a vertical joint plane, said flooring system comprising
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for mechanical joining of thin floating floorboards made up of an upper surface layer, an intermediate fibreboard body and a lower balancing layer, such as laminate flooring and veneer flooring with a fibreboard body. Therefore, the following description of the state of the art, problems associated with known systems, and the objects and features of the invention will, as a non-restricting example, focus on this field of application and, in particular, on rectangular floorboards with dimensions of about 1.2 m * 0.2 m and a thickness of about 7-10 mm, intended to be mechanically joined at the long side as well as the short side.
  • Thin laminate flooring and wood veneer flooring are usually composed of a body consisting of a 6-9 mm fibreboard, a 0.2-0.8-mm-thick upper surface layer and a 0.1-0.6 mm lower balancing layer.
  • the surface layer provides appearance and durability to the floorboards.
  • the body provides stability, and the balancing layer keeps the board level when the relative humidity (RH) varies during the year.
  • RH relative humidity
  • Conventional floorboards of this type are usually joined by means of glued tongue-and-groove joints at the long and short sides. When laying the floor, the boards are brought together horizontally, whereby a projecting tongue along the joint edge of a first board is introduced into the tongue groove along the joint edge of a second board.
  • the tongue and the tongue groove are designed for such horizontal joining only and with special regard to how the glue pockets and gluing surfaces should be designed to enable the tongue to be efficiently glued within the tongue groove.
  • the tongue-and-groove joint presents co-acting upper and lower contact surfaces that position the boards vertically in order to ensure a level surface of the finished floor.
  • strip-lock system In addition to such conventional floors which are connected by means of glued tongue-and-groove joints, floorboards have recently been developed which are instead mechanically joined and which do not require the use of glue.
  • This type of a mechanical joint system is hereinafter referred to as a "strip-lock system" since the most characteristic component of this system is a projecting strip which supports a locking element.
  • WO 9426999 (Applicant Valinge Aluminium AB) discloses a strip-lock system for joining building panels, particularly floorboards. This locking system allows the boards to be locked mechanically at right angles to as well parallel to the principal plane of the boards at the long side as well as at the short side. Methods for making such floorboards are disclosed in WO 9824994 and WO 9824995 . The basic principles of the design and the installation of the floorboards, as well as the methods for making the same, as described in the three above-mentioned documents are usable for the present invention as well, and, therefore, these documents are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Figs 3a and 3b are thus a bottom view and a top view respectively of a known floorboard 1.
  • the board 1 is rectangular with a top side 2, an underside 3, two opposite long sides 4a, 4b forming joint edges, and two opposite short sides 5a, 5b forming joint edges.
  • both the long sides 4a, 4b and the short sides 5a, 4b can be joined mechanically in a direction D2 in Fig. 1c .
  • the board 1 has a flat strip 6, mounted at the factory, projecting horizontally from its long side 4a, which strip extends throughout the length of the long side 4a and which is made of flexible, resilient sheet aluminium.
  • the strip 6 can be fixed mechanically according to the embodiment shown, or by means of glue, or in some other way.
  • Other strip materials can be used, such as sheets of other metals, as well as aluminum or plastic sections.
  • the strip 6 may be made in one piece with the board 1, for example by suitable working of the body of the board 1.
  • the present invention is usable for floorboards in which the strip is integrally formed with the board.
  • the strip 6 should always be integrated with the board 1, i.e. it should never be mounted on the board 1 in connection with the laying of the floor.
  • the strip 6 can have a width of about 30 mm and a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
  • a similar, but shorter strip 6' is provided along one short side 5a of the board 1.
  • the edge side of the strip 4 facing away from the joint edge 4a is formed with a locking element 8 extending throughout the length of the strip 6.
  • the locking element 8 has an operative locking surface 10 facing the joint edge 4a and having a height of e.g. 0.5 mm.
  • this locking surface 1.0 coacts with a locking groove 14 formed in the underside 3 of the opposite long side 4b of an adjoining board 1'.
  • the short side strip 6' is provided with a corresponding locking element 8', and the opposite short side 5b has a corresponding locking groove 14'.
  • the board 1 is formed with a laterally open recess 16 along one long side 4a and one short side 5a.
  • the recess is defined by the respective strips 6, 6'.
  • Figs 1a-1c show how two long sides 4a, 4b of two such boards 1, 1' on an underlay U can be joined together by means of downward angling.
  • Figs 2a-2c show how the short sides 5a, 5b of the boards 1, 1' can be joined together by snap action.
  • the long sides 4a, 4b can be joined together by means of both methods, while the short sides 5a, 5b - when the first row has been laid - are normally joined together subsequent to joining together the long sides 4a, 4b and by means of snap action only.
  • Figs 2a-2c show how the short sides 5a and 5b of the boards 1, 1' can be mechanically joined in the direction D1 as well as the direction D2 by moving the new board 1' towards the previously installed board 1 essentially horizontally. Specifically, this can be carried out subsequent to joining the long side of the new board 1' to a previously installed board in an adjoining row by means of the method according to Figs 1a-1c .
  • bevelled surfaces adjacent to the recess 16 and the locking tongue 20 respectively co-operate such that the strip 6' is forced to move downwards as a direct result of the bringing together of the short sides 5a, 5b.
  • the strip 6' snaps up when the locking element 8' enters the locking groove 14'.
  • the boards For optimal function, subsequent to being joined together, the boards should be capable of assuming a position along their long sides in which a small play can exist between the locking surface 10 and the locking groove 14, Reference is made to WO 9426999 for a more detailed description of this play.
  • WO 9747834 (Applicant Unilin) describes a strip-lock system which has a fibreboard strip and is essentially based on the above known principles.
  • "Uniclic” which this applicant began marketing in the latter part of 1997, one seeks to achieve biasing of the boards. This results in high friction and makes it difficult to angle the boards together and to displace them.
  • the document shows several embodiments of the locking system.
  • the "Uniclic" product shown in section in Fig. 4b , consists of a floorboard having a thickness of 8.1 mm with a strip having a width of 5.8 mm, comprising an upper part made of fibreboard and a lower part composed of the balancing layer of the floorboard.
  • the strip has a locking element, 0.7 mm in height with a locking angle of 45°.
  • the vertical connection consists of a tongue and a tongue groove having a tongue groove depth of 4.2 mm.
  • NSF introduced a 7.2-mm laminated floor with a strip-lock system which comprises a fibreboard strip and is manufactured in accordance with WO 9426999 .
  • This laminated floor which is shown in cross-section in Fig. 4a , is marketed under the brand name of "Fiboloc ® ".
  • the strip comprises an upper part of fibreboard and a lower part composed of a balancing layer.
  • the strip is 10.0 mm wide, the height of the locking element is 1.3 mm and the locking angle is 60°.
  • the depth of the tongue groove is 3.0 mm.
  • WO99/66152 being an intermediate publication under Article 54(3) EPC and thereby only of relevance to the question of novelty, discloses a locking system for mechanical joining of floorboards.
  • the locking system uses a strip made of alumium attached to the floor board.
  • Other embodiments disclosed show a strip formed by a balancing layer.
  • XP007909062 represents a brochure from “Fibo-Trespo” and discloses so-called “Alloc” floorboards using an aluminum strip as part of the connecting means.
  • XP007909064 represents a brochure from “Fibo Trespo” and discloses so-called “Alloc” floorboards using an aluminum strip as part of the connecting means.
  • WO96/27719 discloses a flooring or wall panel provided with a locking means comprising a ledge fixed to the underside of the panel by glue.
  • narrow strips have the advantage that material waste is reduced, but the drawbacks that the locking angle must be small to permit angling and that the locking element must be low to permit joining by snap action.
  • strip locks which have a joint geometry similar to that in Figs 4b and 4c , and are composed of a narrow fibreboard strip with a balancing layer on its rear side and with a locking element having a small locking surface with a low locking angle, exhibit a considerable number of properties which are not constant and which can vary substantially in the same floorboard at different points in time when laying trials have been performed.
  • the joint system of the floorboards has adequate strength.
  • the strength of the same floorboard may be considerably lower, and the locking element slides out of the locking groove relatively easily when the floor is subjected to tensile stress transversely of the joint.
  • the quality of the joint in the form of the gap between the upper joint edges of the floorboards when subjected to stress varies for the same floorboard at different times during the year.
  • the invention is based on a first insight according to which the problems identified are essentially connected to the fact that the strip which is integrated with the body bends upward and downwards when the RH changes. Moreover, the invention is based on the insight that, as a result of its design, the strip is unbalanced and acts as a bimetal. When, in a decrease of the RH, the rear balancing layer of the strip shrinks more than the fibreboard part of the strip, the entire strip will bend backwards, i.e. downwards. Such strip-bending can be as great as about 0.2 mm.
  • a locking element having a small operative locking surface, e.g. 0.5 mm, and a low locking angle, e.g.
  • the strip-bending problems are reinforced by the fact that laminate flooring is subjected to unilateral moisture influence.
  • the surface layer and the balancing layer do not co-operate fully, and this always gives rise to a certain amount of bulging. Concave upward bulging is the biggest problem, since this causes the joint edges to rise. The result is an undesirable joint opening between the boards in the upper side of the boards and high wear of the joint edges. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a floorboard which in normal relative humidity is somewhat upwardly convex by biasing the rear balancing layer. In traditional, glued floors this biasing is not a problem, rather, it creates a desirable advantage.
  • the biasing of the balancing layer results in an undesirable drawback since the bias reinforces the imbalance of the strip and, consequently, causes a greater, undesirable backward bending of the strip.
  • This problem is difficult to solve since the bias is an inherent quality of the balancing layer, and, consequently, cannot be eliminated from the balancing layer.
  • the invention is also based on a second insight which is related to the geometry of the joint.
  • a strip lock with a relatively deep tongue groove gives rise to greater undesirable bending of the strip.
  • the reason behind this phenomenon is that the tongue groove, too, is unbalanced. Consequently, the tongue groove opens when, in a decrease of the RH, the balancing layer shrinks to a greater extent than the fibreboard part of the strip, causing the strip to bend downwards since the strip is an extension of the joint edge below the tongue groove.
  • a flooring system is provided of the type which is stated in claim 1.
  • Said area P which is thus defined by the bottom of the tongue groove and the locking surface of the locking element, is the area which is sensitive to bending. If the strip bends within this area P, the position of the locking surface relative to the locking groove, and thus the properties of the joint, will be affected. Especially, it should be noted that this entire area P is unbalanced, since nowhere does the part of the balancing layer located in this area P have a coacting, balancing surface layer, neither in the tongue groove nor on the projecting strip. According to the invention, by modifying the balancing layer within this area P it is possible to change this unbalanced state in a positive direction, such that the undesirable strip-bending is reduced or eliminated.
  • modified refers to both (i) a preferred embodiment in which the balancing layer has been modified "over time", i.e. the balancing layer has first been applied across the entire area P during the manufacturing process, but has then been subjected to modifying treatment, such as milling or grooving and/or chemical working, and (ii) variants in which the balancing layer at least across part of the area P has been modified "in space", i.e. that the area P differs from the rest of the board with respect to the appearance/properties/structure of the balancing layer.
  • the balancing layer can be modified across the entire horizontal extent of the area P, or within only one or several parts thereof.
  • the balancing layer can also be modified under the whole of the locking element or parts thereof. However, it may be preferable to keep the balancing layer intact under at least part of the locking element to provide support for the strip against the underlay.
  • modifying means that the balancing layer is completely or partially removed. In one embodiment, the whole area P lacks a balancing layer.
  • balancing layer there is no balancing layer at all within one or several parts of the area P.
  • the balancing layer is not removed completely; it is only reduced in thickness.
  • the latter embodiment can be combined with the former ones.
  • Balancing layers can also be specially designed with different layers which are adapted in such a way that they both balance the surface and can act as a support for the strip when parts of the layers are removed within one area of the rear side of the strip.
  • the modification can also mean a change in the material composition and/or material properties of the balancing layer.
  • the modification can be achieved by means of machining such as milling and/or grinding but it could also be achieved by means of chemical working, heat treatment or other methods which remove material or change material properties.
  • a manufacturing method for making a moisture-stable strip-lock system not forming part of the invention, comprises the steps of forming each floorboard from a body, providing the rear side of the body with a balancing layer, forming the floorboard with first and seconde joint edge portions, forming said first joint edge portion with a first joint edge surface portion extended from the upper side of the floorboard and defining a joint plane along said first joint edge portion, a tongue groove which extends into the body from said joint plane, a strip formed from the body and projecting from said joint plane and supporting at a distance from this joint plane an upwardly projecting locking element with a locking surface facing said joint plane, forming said second joint edge portion with a second joint edge surface portion extended from the upper side of the floorboard and defining a joint plane along said second joint edge portion, a tongue projecting from said joint plane for coaction with a tongue groove of the first joint edge portion of an adjoining floorboard, and a locking groove which extends parallel a and at a distance from the
  • the method is characterised by the step of working the balancing layer within an area defined by the bottom of the tongue groove and the locking surface of the locking element.
  • the adaptation or removal of part of the balancing layer in the joint system can be carried out in connection with the gluing/lamination of the surface layer, the body, and the balancing layer by displacing the balancing layer relative to the surface layer. It is also possible to carry out modifications in connection with the manufacture of the balancing layer so that the part which will be located adjacent to the locking system will have properties which are different from those of the rest of the balancing layer.
  • machining by means of milling or grinding. This can be carried out in connection with the manufacture of the joint system and the floorboards can be glued/laminated in large batches consisting of 12 or more floorboards.
  • the flooring system is preferably manufactured using the upper floor surface as a reference point.
  • the thickness tolerances of the floorboards result in strips of unequal thickness since there is always a predetermined measurement from the top side of the strip to the floor.
  • Such a manufacturing method results in tongue grooves of different depths in the rear side and a partial removal of a thin balancing layer cannot be performed in is controlled manner. The removal of the balancing layer should thus be carried out using the rear side of the floorboard as a reference surface instead.
  • Known strip-lock systems with a strip of fibreboard and a balancing layer are characterised in that the shallowest known tongue groove is 3.0 mm in a 7.2-mm-thick floorboards. The depth of the tongue groove is thus 0.42 times the thickness of the floor. This is only known in combination with a 10.0-mm-wide strip which thus has a width which is 1.39 times the floor thickness. All other such known strip joints with narrow strips have a tongue groove depth exceeding 3.6 mm and this contributes considerably to the strip-bending.
  • a flooring system which is characterised in that the tongue groove depth of the tongue groove and the width of the strip are less than 0.4 and 1.3 times the floor thickness respectively.
  • This joint affords good joint properties, and especially in combination with high rigidity of the tongue groove since it can be designed in such a way that as much material as possible is retained between the upper part of the tongue groove and the floor surface as well as between the lower part of tongue groove and the rear side of the floor while, at the same time, it is possible to eliminate the strip-bending problems as described above.
  • This flooring system can be combined with one or more of the preferred embodiments which are disclosed in connection with the solution based on a modification of the balancing layer.
  • the opposite joint edge of the board is also unbalanced.
  • the problems are not nearly as serious since the surface layer is not biased and the unbalanced part is more rigid.
  • an improvement can be achieved by making the strip as thin as possible. This permits minimal removal of material in the locking groove part of the joint system, which in turn results in maximum rigidity in this unbalanced part.
  • a flooring system having a joint geometry characterised in that there is a predetermined relationship between the width and thickness of the strip and the height of the locking element on the one hand and the floor thickness on the other. Furthermore, there is provided a minimum locking angle for the locking surface. All these parameters separately and in combination with each other and the above inventions contribute to the creation of a flooring system which can have high joint quality and which can be manufactured at a low cost.
  • Figs 5 and 6 are hypothetical, unpublished cross-sections, but they are fairly similar to "Fiboloc ® " in Fig. 4a and "Uniclic” in Fig. 4b . Accordingly, Figs 5 and 6 do not represent the invention. Parts which correspond to those in the previous Figures are in most cases provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the design, function, and material composition of t:he basic components of the boards in Figs 5 and 6 are essentially the same as in embodiments of the present invention and, consequently, where applicable, the following description of Figs 5 and 6 also applies to the subsequently described embodiments of the invention.
  • the floorboards 1, 1' in Fig. 5 are rectangular with opposite long sides 4a, 4b and opposite short sides 5a, 5b.
  • Fig. 5 shows a vertical cross-section of a part of a long side 4a of the board 1, as well as a part of a long side 4b of an adjoining board 1'.
  • the body of the board 1 can be composed of a fibreboard body 30, which supports a surface layer 32 on its front side and a balancing layer 34 on its rear side.
  • a strip 6 formed from the body and the balancing layer of the floorboard and supporting a locking element 8 constitutes an extension of the lower tongue groove part 36 of the floorboard 1.
  • the strip 6 is formed with a locking element 8, whose operative locking surface 10 cooperates with a locking groove 14 in the opposite joint edge 4b of the adjoining board 1' for horizontal locking of the boards 1, 1' transversely of the joint edge (D2).
  • the locking element 8 has a relatively larger height LH and a high locking angle A.
  • the upper part of the locking element has a guiding part 9 which guides the floorboard to the correct position in connection with angling.
  • the locking groove 14 has a larger width than the locking element 8, as i.s evident from the Figures.
  • the joint edge portion 4a exhibits a laterally open tongue groove 36 and the opposite joint edge portion 4b exhibits a tongue 38 which projects laterally from a joint plane F and which in the joined position is received in the tongue groove 36.
  • the tongue groove 36 has a horizontal tongue groove depth G measured from the joint plane F and inwards towards the board 1 to a vertical limiting plane which coincides with the bottom of the tongue groove 36.
  • the tongue groove depth G and the extent D of the locking distance together form a joint part within an area P consisting of components forming part of the vertical lock D1 and the horizontal lock D2.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment which is different from the embodiment in Fig. 5 in that the tongue groove depth G is greater, and the strip width W, the height LH, and the locking angle A of the locking surface are all smaller.
  • the size of the area P is the same in the embodiments in Figs 5 and 6 .
  • Fig 7 and 8 show strip-bending in the embodiments in Figs 5 and 6 respectively.
  • the relevant part of the curvature which may cause problems is the area P, since a curvature in the area P results in a change of position of the locking surface 10. Since the area P has the same horizontal extent in bath embodiments, all else being equal, the strip-bending at the locking surface 10 will be of the same magnitude despite the fact that the strip length W is different.
  • the large locking surface 10 and the large locking angle A in Fig. 5 will not cause any major problems in Fig. 7 , since the greater part of the locking surface 10 is still operative.
  • the high locking angle A contributes only marginally to increased play between the locking element 8 and the locking groove 14.
  • the large tongue groove depth G as well as the small locking surface 10 and the low locking angle A2 create major problems.
  • the strength of the locking system is considerably reduced and the play between the locking element 8 and the locking groove 14 increases substantially and causes joint openings in connection with tensile stress. If the play of the boards is adapted to a slopping strip at the time of manufactured it may prove impossible to lay the boards if the strip 6 is flat or bent upwards.
  • the strip-bending is a result of the fact that the joint part P is unbalanced and that the shape changes in the balancing layer 34 and the fibreboard part 30 of the strip are not the same when the relative humidity changes.
  • the bias of the balancing layer 34 contributes to bending the strip 6 backwards/downwards.
  • the deciding factors of the strip-bending are the extent of the locking distance D and the tongue groove depth G.
  • the appearance of the tongue groove 36 and the strip 6 also has some importance.
  • a great deal of material in the joint portion P makes the tongue groove and the strip more rigid and counteracts strip-bending.
  • Figs 9-11 show how a cost-efficient flooring system with a high quality joint can be designed according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows a vertical cross-section of the whole board 1 seen from the short side, with the main portion of the board broken away.
  • Fig. 10 shows two such boards 1, 1' joined at the long sides 4a, 4b.
  • Fig. 11 shows how the long sides can be angled together in connection with laying and angled upward when being taken up.
  • the short s.ides can be of the same shape.
  • the balancing layer 34 has been milled off both in the entire area G under the tongue groove 36 and across the entire rear side of the strip 6 across the width W (including the area L under the locking element 8).
  • the modification according to the invention in the form of removal of the balancing layer 34 in the whole area P eliminates both the bias and the strip-bending resulting from moisture movement.
  • the width W of the strip 6 has been reduced as much as possible to a value which is less than 1.3 times the floor thickness.
  • the tongue groove depth G of the tongue groove 36 has also been limited as much as possible both to counteract undesirable strip-bending and to save on materials.
  • the tongue groove 36 has been given an oblique part 45 in order to make the tongue groove 36 and the joint portion P more rigid.
  • the locking surface has a minimum inclination of at least 45 degrees and the height of the locking element exceeds 0.1 times the floor thickness T.
  • the thickness SH of the strip in an area corresponding to at least half the locking distance D has been limited to a maximum of 0.25 times the floor thickness T.
  • the height LH of the locking element has been limited to 0.2 times the floor thickness and this means that the locking groove 14 can be formed by removing a relatively small amount of material.
  • Fig. 12 shows an alternative embodiment for eliminating undesirable strip-bending.
  • the balancing layer 34 has been completely removed within the area P (including area G under the tongue groove) .
  • the balancing layer is intact in the form of a remaining area 34', which advantageously constitutes a support for the locking element 8 against the subloor. Since the remaining part 34' of the balancing layer is located outside the locking surface 10 it only has a marginal, if any, negative impart on the change of position of the locking surface 10 in connection with strip-bending and thus changes in moisture content.
  • Fig. 13 shows an embodiment in which only part of the outer layer of the balancing layer has been removed across the entire area P.
  • the remaining, thinner part of the balancing layer is designated 34".
  • the part 34' has been left intact under the locking element 8 in the area L.
  • the advantage of such an embodiment is that it may be possible to eliminate the major part of the strip-bending while a part (34") of the balancing layer is kept as a reinforcing layer for the strip 6.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable when the balancing layer 34 is composed of different layers with different properties.
  • the outer layer can, for example, be made of melamine and decoration paper while the inner layer can be made of phenol and Kraft paper.
  • Various plastic materials can also be used with various types of fibre reinforcement.
  • Partial removal of layers can, of course, be combined with one or more grooves of different depths and widths under the entire joint system P + L.
  • the working from the rear side can also be adapted in order to increase the flexibility of the strip in connection with angling and snap action.
  • the joint system can be made in a number of different joint geometry where some or all of the above parameters are different, particularly when the purpose is to give precedence to a certain property over the others.
  • Applicant has considered and tested a large number of variants in the light of the above: "smaller” can be changed to “larger”, relationships can be changed, other radii and angles can be chosen, the joint system on the long side and the shoot side can be made different, two types of boards can be made where, for example, one type has a strip on both opposite sides while the other type has a locking groove on the corresponding sides, boards can be made with strip locks on one side and a traditional glued joint on the other, the flooring system can be designed with parameters which are generally intended to facilitate laying by positioning the floorboards and keeping them together until the glue hardens, and different materials can be sprayed on the joint system to provide impregnation against moisture, reinforcement, or moisture-proofing, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Fußbodensystem, umfassend mechanisch verbindbare Fußbodenplatten (1, 1') des Typs, der einen Körper (30), gegenüberliegende erste und zweite Verbindungskantenabschnitte (4a, 4b), eine Gegenzugschicht (34) auf der Rückseite des Körpers (30) und eine Oberflächenschicht (32) auf der Oberseite des Körpers (30) hat, die mit der Gegenzugschicht (34) zusammenwirkt, wobei bei aneinander grenzenden Fußbodenplatten (1,1') in einer mechanisch verbundenen Position ihre ersten und zweiten Verbindungskantenabschnitte (4a, 4b) an einer vertikalen Verbindungsebene (F) verbunden sind und das Fußbodensystem umfasst:
    a) zum vertikalen Verbinden des ersten Verbindungskantenabschnittes (4a) der ersten Fußbodenplatte (1) und des zweiten Verbindungskantenabschnittes (4a, 4b) der angrenzenden zweiten Fußbodenplatte (1'), mechanisch zusammenwirkende Einrichtungen (36, 38) in Gestalt einer Federnut (36), die in dem ersten Verbindungskantenabschnitt (4a) ausgebildet ist, und einer Feder (38), die in dem zweiten Verbindungskantenabschnitt (4b) ausgebildet ist,
    b) für die horizontale Verbindung der ersten Verbindungskante (4a) einer ersten Fußbodenplatte (1) und des zweiten Verbindungskantenabschnittes (4b) einer angrenzenden Fußbodenplatte (1'), mechanisch zusammenwirkende Einrichtungen (6, 8, 14), die umfassen:
    eine Verriegelungsnut (14), die in der Unterseite (3) der zweiten Platte (1') ausgebildet ist und sich parallel zu und in einem Abstand von der vertikalen Verbindungsebene (F) an dem zweiten Verbindungskantenabschnitt (4b) erstreckt und eine nach unten gerichtete Öffnung hat, und
    einen Streifen (6), der aus dem Körper (30) der ersten Fußbodenplatte (1) ausgebildet ist, wobei der Streifen an dem ersten Verbindungskantenabschnitt (4a) von der vertikalen Verbindungsebene (F) hervorragt und in einem Abstand von der Verbindungsebene (F) ein Verriegelungselement (8) hat, das zu einer Ebene hervorragt, die die Oberseite (2) der ersten Fußbodenplatte (1) umfasst, und wenigstens eine wirksame Verriegelungsfläche (10) hat, um mit der Verriegelungsnut (14) zusammenzuwirken, und
    der Streifen (6) eine horizontale Erweiterung des ersten Verbindungskantenabschnittes (4a) unter dem Fedemutabschnitt (36) bildet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Gegenzugschicht innerhalb eines Bereiches (P) des ersten Verbindungskantenabschnittes (4a) abgeändert ist, der durch den Grund der Federnut (36) und die Verriegelungsfläche (10) des Verriegelungselementes definiert ist, und
    die Gegenzugschicht (34) innerhalb des Bereiches (P) des ersten Verbindungskantenabschnittes fehlt oder vollständig oder teilweise entfernt ist, um die Flexibilität des Streifens (6) zu erhöhen.
  2. Fußbodensystem nach Anspruch 1, bei dem im wesentlichen der gesamte Bereich (P) in Bezug auf die Gegenzugschicht abgeändert ist.
  3. Fußbodensystem nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Bereich (P) in Bezug auf die Gegenzugschicht (34) über lediglich einen Teil seiner horizontalen Ausdehnung abgeändert ist.
  4. Fußbodensystem nach Anspruch 3, bei dem der Bereich (P) in Bezug auf die Gegenzugschicht (34) über mehr als die Hälfte seiner horizontalen Ausdehnung abgeändert ist.
  5. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der erste Verbindungskantenabschnitt (4a) in Bezug auf die Gegenzugschicht (34) auch in einem zweiten Bereich (L) unter dem Verriegelungselement (8) abgeändert ist.
  6. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem sich die Abänderung auf eine Änderung der Dicke der Gegenzugschicht (34) bezieht.
  7. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Bereich (P) überhaupt keine Gegenzugschicht über wenigstens einen Teil seiner horizontalen Ausdehnung hat.
  8. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Bereich über seine gesamte horizontale Ausdehnung oder einen Teil derselben eine Gegenzugschicht (34) mit verringerter Dicke aufweist.
  9. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Federnut (36) eine Federnuttiefe (G) hat, die, gemessen von einer Verbindungsebene (F) und nach innen, hin zu der Fußbodenplatte zu einer vertikalen Begrenzungsebene, die mit dem Grund der Federnut (36) übereinstimmt, geringer ist als das 0,4-Fache der Dicke (T) der Platte (1), und bei dem der Streifen (6) eine Breite (W) in seiner horizontalen Ausdehnung hat, die geringer ist als das 1,3-Fache der Dicke (T) der Platte (1), wobei die Breite (W) in einen inneren Teil mit einer horizontalen Ausdehnung, die einen Verriegelungsabstand (D) bildet, der durch die Verbindungsebene (F) und eine vertikale Linie durch den unteren Teil der Verriegelungsfläche (10) definiert ist, und einen äußeren Teil mit einer horizontalen Ausdehnung (L) geteilt werden kann, die die Breite des Verriegelungselementes (8) ist.
  10. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Verriegelungsfläche (10) des Verriegelungselementes (8) relativ zu der horizontalen Ebene in einem Dinkel (A) geneigt ist, der 45° überschreitet.
  11. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Verriegelungsfläche (10) des Verriegelungselementes (8) eine vertikale Höhe (LH) hat, die, gemessen von einer Oberseite des Streifens (6) zu einer oberen Spitze des Verriegelungselementes (8), geringer ist als das 0,2-Fache der Dicke (T) der Platte.
  12. Fußbodensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Streifen (6) über wenigstens die Hälfte des Teils (P) des Streifens, der sich in der horizontalen Richtung zwischen der Verriegelungsfläche (10) und der Verbindungskante der anderen Platte (1) befindet, eine Streifendicke (SH) aufweist, die, gemessen von einer Unterseite zu einer Oberseite des Streifens (6) in einem Bereich, der wenigstens der Hälfte seines Verriegelungsabstandes (D) entspricht, geringer ist als das 0,25-Fache der Dicke (T) der Platte.
EP08154461.1A 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem, das mehrere mechanisch verbindbare Fussbodenplatten umfasst Expired - Lifetime EP1936070B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10179890.8A EP2275617A3 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verriegelungssystem für Bodenplatten
EP10180619.8A EP2275621B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Bodenbelagsystem umfassend Bodenplatten mit einem mechanischen Verriegelungssystem zur Verbindung solcher Bodenplatten

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9901574A SE517478C2 (sv) 1999-04-30 1999-04-30 Låssystem för mekanisk hofogning av golvskivor, golvskiva försedd med låssystemet samt metod för framställning av mekaniskt hopfogningsbara golvskivor
EP03026233A EP1396593B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem mit mechanisch verbindbaren, rechteckigen Laminat- oder Holzfurnierbodenplatten
EP00928064A EP1177355B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verbindungssystem, fussbodenplatte mir einem solchen system sowie methode zur herstellung von fussbodenplatten

Related Parent Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03026233A Division EP1396593B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem mit mechanisch verbindbaren, rechteckigen Laminat- oder Holzfurnierbodenplatten
EP00928064.5 Division 2000-04-26
EP03026233.1 Division 2003-11-14

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10180619.8A Division EP2275621B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Bodenbelagsystem umfassend Bodenplatten mit einem mechanischen Verriegelungssystem zur Verbindung solcher Bodenplatten
EP10179890.8A Division EP2275617A3 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verriegelungssystem für Bodenplatten
EP10179890.8 Division-Into 2010-09-27
EP10180619.8 Division-Into 2010-09-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1936070A2 EP1936070A2 (de) 2008-06-25
EP1936070A3 EP1936070A3 (de) 2009-09-02
EP1936070B1 true EP1936070B1 (de) 2013-07-17

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ID=20415427

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00928064A Expired - Lifetime EP1177355B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verbindungssystem, fussbodenplatte mir einem solchen system sowie methode zur herstellung von fussbodenplatten
EP10179890.8A Withdrawn EP2275617A3 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verriegelungssystem für Bodenplatten
EP10180619.8A Expired - Lifetime EP2275621B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Bodenbelagsystem umfassend Bodenplatten mit einem mechanischen Verriegelungssystem zur Verbindung solcher Bodenplatten
EP03026233A Expired - Lifetime EP1396593B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem mit mechanisch verbindbaren, rechteckigen Laminat- oder Holzfurnierbodenplatten
EP08154461.1A Expired - Lifetime EP1936070B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem, das mehrere mechanisch verbindbare Fussbodenplatten umfasst

Family Applications Before (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00928064A Expired - Lifetime EP1177355B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verbindungssystem, fussbodenplatte mir einem solchen system sowie methode zur herstellung von fussbodenplatten
EP10179890.8A Withdrawn EP2275617A3 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Verriegelungssystem für Bodenplatten
EP10180619.8A Expired - Lifetime EP2275621B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Bodenbelagsystem umfassend Bodenplatten mit einem mechanischen Verriegelungssystem zur Verbindung solcher Bodenplatten
EP03026233A Expired - Lifetime EP1396593B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-26 Fussbodensystem mit mechanisch verbindbaren, rechteckigen Laminat- oder Holzfurnierbodenplatten

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (5) US7484338B2 (de)
EP (5) EP1177355B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4578691B2 (de)
AT (2) ATE413502T1 (de)
AU (1) AU750078B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0011144B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2370168C (de)
DE (2) DE60006662T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1177355T3 (de)
ES (2) ES2316690T3 (de)
NZ (1) NZ515283A (de)
PT (2) PT1177355E (de)
SE (1) SE517478C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2000066856A1 (de)

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US7484338B2 (en) 2009-02-03
SE517478C2 (sv) 2002-06-11
US20020046528A1 (en) 2002-04-25
EP1936070A2 (de) 2008-06-25
NZ515283A (en) 2003-08-29
EP1396593A2 (de) 2004-03-10
US20110072754A1 (en) 2011-03-31
DE60006662T2 (de) 2004-10-07
EP2275621A2 (de) 2011-01-19
EP2275621A3 (de) 2015-03-11
US8615955B2 (en) 2013-12-31
EP1936070A3 (de) 2009-09-02
US7874119B2 (en) 2011-01-25
BR0011144A (pt) 2002-02-19
EP1396593A3 (de) 2004-05-26
EP2275617A2 (de) 2011-01-19
EP1177355B1 (de) 2003-11-19
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US20080000189A1 (en) 2008-01-03
CA2370168C (en) 2005-12-20
ATE413502T1 (de) 2008-11-15
DE60006662D1 (de) 2003-12-24
DE60040762D1 (de) 2008-12-18
US8215076B2 (en) 2012-07-10
BR0011144B1 (pt) 2010-09-21
US20140090331A1 (en) 2014-04-03
WO2000066856A9 (en) 2001-09-13
EP2275617A3 (de) 2014-09-17
AU4635200A (en) 2000-11-17
PT1177355E (pt) 2004-04-30
WO2000066856A1 (en) 2000-11-09
ATE254709T1 (de) 2003-12-15
US9567753B2 (en) 2017-02-14
ES2206232T3 (es) 2004-05-16
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JP2002543314A (ja) 2002-12-17
JP4578691B2 (ja) 2010-11-10
SE9901574D0 (sv) 1999-04-30
DK1177355T3 (da) 2004-02-09
ES2316690T3 (es) 2009-04-16
EP1396593B1 (de) 2008-11-05
CA2370168A1 (en) 2000-11-09
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PT1396593E (pt) 2009-02-13
EP2275621B1 (de) 2019-06-05

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