CN107636568B - 个性化预测对即时消息的响应 - Google Patents

个性化预测对即时消息的响应 Download PDF

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CN107636568B
CN107636568B CN201680031609.2A CN201680031609A CN107636568B CN 107636568 B CN107636568 B CN 107636568B CN 201680031609 A CN201680031609 A CN 201680031609A CN 107636568 B CN107636568 B CN 107636568B
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CN107636568A (zh
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V·K·R·斯里德哈尔
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/02—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail using automatic reactions or user delegation, e.g. automatic replies or chatbot-generated messages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/7243—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality with interactive means for internal management of messages
    • H04M1/72436—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality with interactive means for internal management of messages for text messaging, e.g. SMS or e-mail
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04—Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]

Abstract

在具有显示屏的电子设备处，显示消息转录本，其中该消息转录本包括传入消息。至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符。确定在过去，当呈现多个建议的一个或多个字符供用户选择时，该设备的用户是否经常输入不同于多个建议的一个或多个字符的响应。可选地，确定经常输入的响应是否与建议的一个或多个字符同义。基于这些确定，在某些情况下，显示经常输入的响应来代替多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个。

Description

个性化预测对即时消息的响应
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2015年6月7日提交的名称为“PERSONALIZED PREDICTION OFRESPONSES FOR INSTANT MESSAGING”的美国临时专利申请序列号62/172,168和2016年9月4日提交的名称为“PERSONALIZED PREDICTION OF RESPONSES FOR INSTANT MESSAGING”的美国专利申请序列号14/846,574的优先权，这两个专利申请中的内容据此全文以引用方式并入本文以用于任何目的。
本专利申请与以下临时专利申请相关：2014年5月30日提交的美国专利申请序列号62/005,837，“Device,Method,and Graphical User Interface for a PredictiveKeyboard”；2014年5月30日提交的美国专利申请序列号62/005,825，“Entropy-GuidedText Prediction Using Combined Word and Character N-gram Language Models”；2014年5月30日提交的美国专利申请序列号62/006,010，“Predictive Text Input”；2014年5月30日提交的美国专利申请序列号62/005,942，“Text Prediction Using CombinedWord N-gram and Unigram Language Models”。这些专利申请的内容据此以引用方式并入本文以用于所有目的。
技术领域
本公开整体涉及计算机用户界面，并且更具体地讲涉及接受不同情况中的用户输入的技术。
背景技术
便携式电子设备特别是蜂窝电话，是用于基于消息的通信的常见设备。示例性的基于消息的通信包括由Apple Inc.(Cupertino,California)提供的短消息服务(SMS)和iMessage技术。
发明内容
在基于消息的通信期间，便携式电子设备的小形状因数在输入消息时存在用户界面挑战。一个挑战来自于通常由这些设备所使用的尺寸更小的键盘，这对于打字来说是次优的。进一步改进的电子封装技术使得设备更小，可用于布置键盘的空间甚至更少，进一步加剧了这一困难。
本发明提供了预测用户对传入消息的可能响应并呈现预测以供用户选择的技术。这样，减少了用户手动输入。此类技术可以减少手动打字时对用户造成的认知负担，并通过提供可以快速、方便地调用的用户相关选项来产生更有效的人机界面。
此类方法和界面还可以减少不必要、无关、重复和/或冗余输入的数量——诸如手动键入消息——并且可以创建更快、更有效的用户界面布置，这可以减少所需输入的数量，减少所需处理能力，并减少访问和执行所需功能需要显示用户界面的时间。对于电池供电的计算设备，此类方法和界面通过减少不必要或意外的输入，以及避免不必要的额外用户输入等，节省了电力，因而延长了电池充电间隔时间(并缩短了将电池完全充满所需的时间)。
通过所公开的设备、方法和计算机可读介质减少或消除上述缺点和其他问题。在一些实施方案中，该设备是台式计算机。在一些实施方案中，该设备是便携式的(例如，笔记本电脑、平板电脑或手持设备)。在一些实施方案中，该设备具有触摸板。在一些实施方案中，该设备具有触敏显示器(也称为“触摸屏”或“触摸屏显示器”)。在一些实施方案中，该设备具有硬件输入机构，诸如可按压按钮和/或可旋转输入机构。在一些实施方案中，设备具有图形用户界面(GUI)、一个或多个处理器、存储器、以及存储在存储器中的用于执行多个功能的一个或多个模块、程序或指令集。在一些实施方案中，用户通过触敏表面上的手指接触和手势，并且/或者通过旋转可旋转输入机构，并且/或者通过按压硬件按钮与GUI进行交互。在一些实施方案中，这些功能任选地包括图像编辑、绘图、展示、文字处理、网页创建、盘编辑、电子表格制作、玩游戏、接打电话、视频会议、收发电子邮件、即时消息通信、健身支持、数字摄影、数字视频录制、网页浏览、数字音乐播放和/或数字视频播放。用于执行这些功能的可执行指令任选地被包括在被配置用于由一个或多个处理器执行的非暂态计算机可读存储介质或其他计算机程序产品中。用于执行这些功能的可执行指令任选地被包括在被配置用于由一个或多个处理器执行的暂态计算机可读存储介质或其他计算机程序产品中。
在一些实施方案中，一种方法包括：在具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备上：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息；确定先前检测到的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前检测到的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；响应于接收到消息：根据确定先前检测到的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，将先前检测到的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前检测到的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，显示确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，一种方法包括：在具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备上：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示屏上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息。
在一些实施方案中，非暂态计算机可读存储介质包括一个或多个程序，该程序由具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备的一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息；确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；响应于接收到消息：根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，显示确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，非暂态计算机可读存储介质包括一个或多个程序，该程序由具有显示器和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备的一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示屏上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息。
在一些实施方案中，暂态计算机可读存储介质包括一个或多个程序，该程序由具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备的一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息；确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；响应于接收到消息：根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，显示确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，暂态计算机可读存储介质包括一个或多个程序，该程序由具有显示器和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备的一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示屏上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示屏；一个或多个输入设备；一个或多个处理器；存储器；以及存储在存储器中的一个多个程序，所述程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息；确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；响应于接收到消息：根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，显示确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示屏；一个或多个输入设备；一个或多个处理器；存储器；以及存储在存储器中的一个多个程序，所述程序包括指令，该指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得电子设备：在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示屏上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示屏；一个或多个输入设备；用于在显示屏上显示消息转录本的装置，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；用于至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息的装置；用于确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值的装置，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；用于响应于接收到消息进行以下操作的装置：根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，显示确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示单元；一个或多个输入设备；用于在显示单元上显示消息转录本的装置，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；用于至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息的装置；用于在显示单元上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的装置；用于利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入的装置，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；用于确定响应的使用是否超过阈值的装置；用于在消息转录本中接收第二消息的装置；以及用于响应于接收到第二消息进行以下操作的装置：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第二消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示单元；一个或多个输入设备；处理单元，该处理单元被配置为：在显示单元上启用对消息转录本的显示，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于消息；确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：不是确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；响应于接收到消息：根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于该消息；并且根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，启用对确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于该消息。
在一些实施方案中，电子设备包括：显示单元；一个或多个输入设备；处理单元，该处理单元被配置为：在显示单元上启用对消息转录本的显示，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示单元上启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的该响应的显示以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于第二消息。
因此，为设备提供了更快、更有效率和更简单的方法和界面以用于即时消息；这些设备、方法和界面由此提高了此类设备的有效性、效率和用户满意度。
附图说明
为了更好地理解各种所述实施方案，应结合以下附图参考下面的具体实施方式，其中在整个附图中类似的附图标记是指对应的部件。
图1A是示出了根据一些实施方案的具有触敏显示器的便携式多功能设备的框图。
图1B是示出根据一些实施方案的用于事件处理的示例性部件的框图。
图2示出了根据一些实施方案的具有触摸屏的便携式多功能设备。
图3是根据一些实施方案的具有显示器和触敏表面的示例性多功能设备的框图。
图4A示出了根据一些实施方案的针对便携式多功能设备上的应用的菜单的示例性用户界面。
图4B示出了根据一些实施方案的针对具有与显示器分开的触敏表面的多功能设备的示例性用户界面。
图5A示出了根据一些实施方案的个人电子设备。
图5B是示出了根据一些实施方案的个人电子设备的框图。
图6A至图6J示出了根据一些实施方案，使用预测性回复对消息进行响应的示例性用户界面。
图6K至图6O示出了根据一些实施方案的示例性的预测性回复类型。
图7是示出根据一些实施方案，使用预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图8是示出根据一些实施方案，使用预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图9是示出根据一些实施方案，使用预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图10是示出根据一些实施方案，使用预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图11至图15是根据一些实施方案的电子设备的功能框图。
图16A至图16P示出了根据一些实施方案，使用个性化的预测性回复对消息进行响应的示例性用户界面。
图17A至图17E示出了根据一些实施方案，使用个性化的预测性回复对消息进行响应的示例性用户界面。
图18是示出根据一些实施方案，使用个性化的预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图19A至图19C是示出根据一些实施方案，使用个性化的预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图20是示出根据一些实施方案，使用个性化的预测性回复对消息进行响应的过程的流程图。
图21至图22是根据一些实施方案的电子设备的功能框图。
具体实施方式
以下描述阐述了示例性方法、参数等。然而，应当认识到，此类描述并非旨在限制本公开的范围，而是作为对示例性实施方案的描述来提供。
下面，图1A至图1B、图2、图3、图4A至图4B和图5A至图5B提供了用于执行本文所述技术的示例性设备的描述。为了简明起见，这些技术可以被称为用于响应用户消息的“预测性回复”。图6A至图60、图16A至图16O和图17A至图17E示出了用于调用预测性回复的示例性用户界面。附图中的用户界面还用于示出下文描述的过程，包括图7至图10和图19至图20中的过程。
尽管以下描述使用术语第一、第二等来描述各种元素，但这些元素不应受术语的限制。这些术语只是用于将一个元件与另一元件区分开。例如，第一触摸可被命名为第二触摸，并且类似地第二触摸可被命名为第一触摸，而不脱离各种所述实施方案的范围。第一触摸和第二触摸两者都是触摸，但是它们不是同一触摸。
在本文中对各种所描述的实施方案的描述中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施方案的目的，而并非旨在进行限制。如在对各种所述实施方案中的描述和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确地指示。还将理解的是，本文中所使用的术语“和/或”是指并且涵盖相关联的所列出的项目中的一个或多个项目的任何和全部可能的组合。还将理解的是，术语“包括”(“includes”、“including”、“comprises”和/或“comprising”)在本说明书中使用时是指定存在所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其分组。
根据上下文，术语“如果”可被解释为意指“当...时”(“when”或“upon”)或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，根据上下文，短语“如果确定...”或“如果检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”可被解释为意指“在确定...时”或“响应于确定...”或“在检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]时”或“响应于检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”。
本文描述了电子设备、用于此类设备的用户界面和用于使用此类设备的相关联的过程的实施方案。在一些实施方案中，该设备是还包含其他功能诸如PDA和/或音乐播放器功能的便携式通信设备，诸如移动电话。便携式多功能设备的示例性实施方案包括但不限于来自Apple Inc.(Cupertino,California)的
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设备、iPod
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设备和
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设备。任选地使用其他便携式电子设备，诸如具有触敏表面(例如，触摸屏显示器和/或触摸板)的膝上型电脑或平板电脑。还应当理解的是，在一些实施方案中，该设备并非便携式通信设备，而是具有触敏表面(例如，触摸屏显示器和/或触摸板)的台式计算机。
在下面的讨论中，描述了一种包括显示器和触敏表面的电子设备。然而，应当理解，该电子设备任选地包括一个或多个其他物理用户接口设备，诸如物理键盘、鼠标和/或操纵杆。
该设备可支持多种应用程序，诸如以下应用程序中的一个或多个应用程序：绘图应用程序、呈现应用程序、文字处理应用程序、网站创建应用程序、盘编辑应用程序、电子表格应用程序、游戏应用程序、电话应用程序、视频会议应用程序、电子邮件应用程序、即时消息应用程序、健身支持应用程序、照片管理应用程序、数字相机应用程序、数字视频相机应用程序、Web浏览应用程序、数字音乐播放器应用程序、和/或数字视频播放器应用程序。
在设备上执行的各种应用程序任选地使用至少一个通用的物理用户界面设备，诸如触敏表面。触敏表面的一种或多种功能以及被显示在设备上的对应信息任选地对于不同应用程序被调整和/或变化，和/或在相应应用程序内被调整和/或变化。这样，设备的共用物理架构(诸如触敏表面)任选地利用对于用户而言直观且清楚的用户界面来支持各种应用程序。
现在关注具有触敏显示器的便携式设备的实施方案。图1A是示出了根据一些实施方案的具有触敏显示系统112的便携式多功能设备100的框图。触敏显示器112有时为了方便被叫做“触摸屏”，并且有时可被称为或被叫做“触敏显示系统”。设备100包括存储器102(其任选地包括一个或多个计算机可读存储介质)、存储器控制器122、一个或多个处理单元(CPU)120、外围设备接口118、RF电路108、音频电路110、扬声器111、麦克风113、输入/输出(I/O)子系统106、其他输入控制设备116和外部端口124。设备100任选地包括一个或多个光学传感器164。设备100任选地包括用于检测设备100(例如触敏表面，诸如设备100的触敏显示系统112)上的接触的强度的一个或多个接触强度传感器165。设备100任选地包括用于在设备100上生成触觉输出的一个或多个触觉输出发生器167(例如在触敏表面诸如设备100的触敏显示系统112或设备300的触摸板355上生成触觉输出)。这些部件任选地通过一个或多个通信总线或信号线103进行通信。
如在本说明书和权利要求书中所使用的，触敏表面上的接触的术语“强度”是指触敏表面上的接触(例如，手指接触)的力或压力(每单位面积的力)，或是指触敏表面上的接触的力或压力的替代物(代用物)。接触的强度具有值范围，该值范围包括至少四个不同的值并且更典型地包括上百个不同的值(例如至少256个)。接触的强度任选地使用各种方法和各种传感器或传感器的组合来确定(或测量)。例如，在触敏表面下方或相邻于触敏表面的一个或多个力传感器任选地用于测量触敏表面上的不同点处的力。在一些具体实施中，来自多个力传感器的力测量被合并(例如，加权平均)，以确定估计的接触力。类似地，触笔的压敏顶端任选地用于确定触笔在触敏表面上的压力。另选地，在触敏表面上检测到的接触区域的大小和/或其变化、接触附近的触敏表面的电容和/或其变化、和/或接触附近的触敏表面的电阻和/或其变化任选地被用作触敏表面上的接触的力或压力的替代物。在一些具体实施中，接触力或压力的替代测量值直接用于确定是否已超过强度阈值(例如，强度阈值以与替代测量值对应的单位描述)。在一些具体实施中，接触力或压力的替代测量被转换成估计的力或压力，并且估计的力或压力用于确定是否已超过强度阈值(例如，强度阈值是以压力的单位进行测量的压力阈值)。使用接触的强度作为用户输入的属性，从而允许用户访问用户在尺寸更小的设备上可能本来不能访问的附加设备功能，该尺寸更小的设备具有有限的实地面积以用于(例如，在触敏显示器上)显示示能表示和/或接收用户输入(例如，经由触敏显示器、触敏表面或物理控件/机械控件，诸如旋钮或按钮)。
如本说明书和权利要求书中所使用的，术语“触觉输出”是指将由用户利用用户的触感检测到的设备相对于设备的先前位置的物理位移、设备的部件(例如，触敏表面)相对于设备的另一个部件(例如，外壳)的物理位移、或部件相对于设备的质心的位移。例如，在设备或设备的部件与用户的对触摸敏感的表面(例如，手指、手掌或用户手部的其他部分)接触的情况下，通过物理位移生成的触觉输出将由用户解释为触感，该触感对应于设备或设备的部件的物理特征的所感知的变化。例如，触敏表面(例如，触敏显示器或触控板)的移动任选地由用户解释为对物理致动按钮的“按下点击”或“松开点击”。在一些情况下，用户将感觉到触感，诸如“按下点击”或“松开点击”，即使在通过用户的移动而物理地被按压(例如，被移位)的与触敏表面相关联的物理致动按钮没有移动时。作为另一个示例，即使在触敏表面的光滑度无变化时，触敏表面的移动也将任选地由用户解释为或感测为触敏表面的“粗糙度”。虽然由用户对触摸的此类解释将受到用户的个体化感官知觉的限制，但是有许多触摸的感官知觉是大多数用户共有的。因此，当触觉输出被描述为对应于用户的特定感官知觉(例如，“按下点击”、“松开点击”、“粗糙度”)时，除非另外陈述，否则所生成的触觉输出对应于设备或其部件的物理位移，该物理位移将会生成典型(或普通)用户的所述感官知觉。
应当理解，设备100仅是便携式多功能设备的一个示例，并且设备100任选地具有比所示出的更多或更少的部件，任选地组合两个或更多个部件，或者任选地具有这些部件的不同配置或布置。图1A中所示的各种部件以硬件、软件或硬件与软件两者的组合来实现，包括一个或多个信号处理电路和/或专用集成电路。
存储器102可包括一个或多个计算机可读存储介质。该计算机可读存储介质可以是有形的和非暂态的。存储器102可包括高速随机存取存储器并且还可包括非易失性存储器，诸如一个或多个磁盘存储设备、闪存存储器设备，或其他非易失性固态存储器设备。存储器控制器122可控制设备100的其他部件访问存储器102。
外围设备接口118可被用于将设备的输入外围设备和输出外围设备耦接到CPU120和存储器102。一个或多个处理器120运行或执行存储在存储器102中的各种软件程序和/或指令集以执行设备100的各种功能并处理数据。在一些实施方案中，外围设备接口118、CPU 120和存储器控制器122可在单个芯片诸如芯片104上实现。在一些其他实施方案中，它们可在单独的芯片上实现。
RF(射频)电路108接收和发送也被称作电磁信号的RF信号。RF电路108将电信号转换为电磁信号/将电磁信号转换为电信号，并且经由电磁信号来与通信网络以及其他通信设备进行通信。RF电路108任选地包括用于执行这些功能的熟知的电路，包括但不限于天线系统、RF收发器、一个或多个放大器、调谐器、一个或多个振荡器、数字信号处理器、编解码芯片组、用户身份模块(SIM)卡、存储器等等。RF电路108任选地通过无线通信来与网络以及其他设备进行通信，该网络为诸如互联网(也被称为万维网(WWW))、内联网和/或无线网络(诸如，蜂窝电话网络、无线局域网(LAN)和/或城域网(MAN))。RF电路108任选地包括用于检测近场通信(NFC)场的熟知的电路，诸如通过近程通信无线电部件来进行检测。无线通信任选地使用多种通信标准、协议和技术中的任一者，包括但不限于全球移动通信系统(GSM)、增强型数据GSM环境(EDGE)、高速下行链路分组接入(HSDPA)、高速上行链路分组接入(HSUPA)、演进、纯数据(EV-DO)、HSPA、HSPA+、双小区HSPA(DC-HSPDA)、长期演进(LTE)、近场通信(NFC)、宽带码分多址(W-CDMA)、码分多址(CDMA)、时分多址(TDMA)、蓝牙、蓝牙低功耗(BTLE)、无线保真(Wi-Fi)(例如，IEEE 802.11a、IEEE 802.11b、IEEE 802.11g、IEEE802.11n和/或IEEE 802.11ac)、互联网协议语音(VoIP)、Wi-MAX、电子邮件协议(例如，互联网消息访问协议(IMAP)和/或邮局协议(POP))、即时消息(例如，可扩展消息处理和存在协议(XMPP)、用于即时消息和存在利用扩展的会话发起协议(SIMPLE)、即时消息和存在服务(IMPS)、和/或短消息服务(SMS))，或者包括在本文档提交日期时尚未开发出的通信协议的任何其他合适的通信协议。
音频电路110、扬声器111和麦克风113提供用户和设备100之间的音频接口。音频电路110从外围设备接口118接收音频数据，将音频数据转换为电信号，并将电信号传输到扬声器111。扬声器111将电信号转换为人类可听见的声波。音频电路110还接收由麦克风113根据声波转换的电信号。音频电路110将电信号转换为音频数据并将音频数据传输到外围设备接口118，以用于处理。音频数据可由外围设备接口118检索自和/或被传输至存储器102和/或RF电路108。在一些实施方案中，音频电路110还包括耳麦插孔(例如，图2中的212)。该耳麦插孔提供音频电路110和可移除的音频输入/输出外围设备之间的接口，该可移除的音频输入/输出外围设备诸如仅输出的耳机或者具有输出(例如，单耳耳机或双耳耳机)和输入(例如，麦克风)两者的耳麦。
I/O子系统106将设备100上的输入/输出外围设备诸如触摸屏112和其他输入控制设备116耦接至外围设备接口118。I/O子系统106任选地包括显示控制器156、光学传感器控制器158、强度传感器控制器159、触觉反馈控制器161和用于其他输入或控制设备的一个或多个输入控制器160。该一个或多个输入控制器160从其他输入控制设备116接收电信号/将电信号发送至其他输入控制设备216。其他输入控制设备116任选地包括物理按钮(例如，下压按钮、摇臂按钮等)、拨号盘、滑动开关、操纵杆、点击轮等。在一些另选实施方案中，一个或多个输入控制器160任选地耦接至以下各项中的任一者(或不耦接至以下各项中的任一者)：键盘、红外线端口、USB端口以及指针设备诸如鼠标。一个或多个按钮(例如，图2中的208)任选地包括用于扬声器111和/或麦克风113的音量控制的增大/减小按钮。一个或多个按钮任选地包括下压按钮(例如，图2中的206)。
快速按下下压按钮可解除对触摸屏112的锁定或者开始使用触摸屏上的手势来对设备进行解锁的过程，如在2005年12月23日提交的名称为“Unlocking a Device byPerforming Gestures on an Unlock Image”的美国专利申请11/322,549即美国专利7,657,849中所述的，上述美国专利申请据此全文以引用的方式并入本文。更长地按下下压按钮(例如206)可使设备100开机或关机。用户能够对一个或多个按钮的功能进行自定义。触摸屏112用于实现虚拟按钮或软按钮以及一个或多个软键盘。
触敏显示器112提供设备和用户之间的输入接口和输出接口。显示控制器156从触摸屏112接收电信号和/或将电信号发送至触摸屏112。触摸屏112向用户显示视觉输出。该视觉输出可包括图形、文本、图标、视频、以及它们的任意组合(统称为“图形”)。在一些实施方案中，一些或全部视觉输出可对应于用户界面对象。
触摸屏112具有基于触觉和/或触感接触来接受来自用户的输入的触敏表面、传感器、或传感器组。触摸屏112和显示控制器156(与存储器102中的任何相关联的模块和/或指令集一起)检测触摸屏112上的接触(和该接触的任何移动或中断)，并且将所检测到的接触转换为与被显示在触摸屏112上的用户界面对象(例如，一个或多个软键、图标、网页或图像)的交互。在一个示例性实施方案中，触摸屏112和用户之间的接触点与用户的手指对应。
触摸屏112可使用LCD(液晶显示器)技术、LPD(发光聚合物显示器)技术、或LED(发光二极管)技术，但是在其他实施方案中可使用其他显示技术。触摸屏112和显示控制器156可使用现在已知的或以后将开发出的多种触摸感测技术中的任何触摸感测技术以及其他接近传感器阵列或用于确定与触摸屏112的一个或多个接触点的其他元素来检测接触及其任何移动或中断，该多种触摸感测技术包括但不限于电容性技术、电阻性技术、红外技术和表面声波技术。在一个示例性实施方案中，使用投射式互电容感测技术，诸如在Apple Inc.(Cupertino,California)的
Figure BDA0001488128640000151
和iPod
Figure BDA0001488128640000152
发现的技术。
触摸屏112的一些实施方案中的触敏显示器可类似于以下美国专利中所述的多点触敏触摸板：6,323,846(Westerman等人)、6,570,557(Westerman等人)和/或6,677,932(Westerman)；和/或美国专利公开2002/0015024A1，这些专利申请中的每个专利申请据此全文以引用方式并入本文。然而，触摸屏112显示来自设备100的视觉输出，而触敏触摸板不提供视觉输出。
触摸屏112的一些实施方案中的触敏显示器可如在以下专利申请中那样进行描述：(1)2006年5月2日提交的名称为“Multipoint Touch Surface Controller”的美国专利申请11/381,313；(2)2004年5月6日提交的名称为“Multipoint Touchscreen”的美国专利申请10/840,862；(3)2004年7月30日提交的名称为“Gestures For Touch SensitiveInput Devices”的美国专利申请10/903,964；(4)2005年1月31日提交的名称为“GesturesFor Touch Sensitive Input Devices”的美国专利申请11/048,264；(5)2005年1月18日提交的名称为“Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive InputDevices”的美国专利申请11/038,590；(6)2005年9月16日提交的名称为“Virtual InputDevice Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface”的美国专利申请11/228,758；(7)2005年9月16日提交的名称为“Operation Of A Computer With A Touch ScreenInterface”的美国专利申请11/228,700；(8)2005年9月16日提交的名称为“ActivatingVirtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard”的美国专利申请11/228,737；和(9)2006年3月3日提交的名称为“Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device”的美国专利申请11/367,749。所有这些专利申请全文以引用方式并入本文。
触摸屏112可以具有超过100dpi的视频分辨率。在一些实施方案中，触摸屏具有约160dpi的视频分辨率。用户可使用任何合适的对象或附加物诸如触笔、手指等来与触摸屏112接触。在一些实施方案中，用户界面被设计用于主要与基于手指的接触和手势操作，由于手指在触摸屏上的接触区域较大，因此这可能不如基于触笔的输入精确。在一些实施方案中，设备将基于手指的粗略输入翻译为精确的指针/光标位置或命令，以用于执行用户所期望的动作。
在一些实施方案中，除了触摸屏之外，设备100可包括用于激活或去激活特定功能的触摸板(未示出)。在一些实施方案中，该触摸板是设备的触敏区域，该触敏区域与触摸屏不同，其不显示视觉输出。该触摸板可以是与触摸屏112分开的触敏表面，或者是由触摸屏形成的触敏表面的延伸部分。
设备100还包括用于为各种部件供电的电力系统162。电力系统162可包括电力管理系统、一个或多个电源(例如，电池、交流电(AC))、再充电系统、电力故障检测电路、功率变换器或逆变器、电源状态指示器(例如，发光二极管(LED))、和与便携式设备中的电力的生成、管理和分配相关联的任何其他部件。
设备100还可包括一个或多个光学传感器164。图1A示出了耦接到I/O子系统106中的光学传感器控制器158的光学传感器。光学传感器164可包括电荷耦合器件(CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)光电晶体管。光学传感器164从环境接收通过一个或多个透镜而投射的光，并且将光转换为表示图像的数据。结合成像模块143(也称为相机模块)，光学传感器164可捕获静态图像或视频。在一些实施方案中，光学传感器位于设备100的与设备的前部上的触摸屏显示器112相背对的后部上，使得触摸屏显示器可被用作用于静态图像和/或视频图像采集的取景器。在一些实施方案中，光学传感器位于设备的前部，使得在用户在触摸屏显示器上查看其他视频会议参与者时可获取该用户的图像以用于视频会议。在一些实施方案中，光学传感器164的位置可由用户改变(例如通过旋转设备外壳中的透镜和传感器)，使得单个光学传感器164可与触摸屏显示器一起使用，以用于视频会议和静态图像和/或视频图像采集两者。
设备100任选地还包括一个或多个接触强度传感器165。图1A示出了耦接到I/O子系统106中的强度传感器控制器159的接触强度传感器。接触强度传感器165任选地包括一个或多个压阻应变仪、电容式力传感器、电气力传感器、压电力传感器、光学力传感器、电容式触敏表面、或其他强度传感器(例如，用于测量触敏表面上的接触的力(或压力)的传感器)。接触强度传感器165从环境接收接触强度信息(例如，压力信息或压力信息的代用物)。在一些实施方案中，至少一个接触强度传感器与触敏表面(例如，触敏显示器系统112)并置排列或邻近。在一些实施方案中，至少一个接触强度传感器位于设备100的后部上，与位于设备100的前部上的触摸屏显示器112相背对。
设备100还可以包括一个或多个接近传感器166。图1A示出了耦接到外围设备接口118的接近传感器166。另选地，接近传感器166可耦接到I/O子系统106中的输入控制器160。接近传感器166可如以下美国专利申请中所述的那样执行：11/241,839，名称为“ProximityDetector In Handheld Device”；11/240,788，名称为“Proximity Detector In HandheldDevice”；11/620,702，名称为“Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment ProximitySensor Output”；11/586,862，名称为“Automated Response To And Sensing Of UserActivity In Portable Devices”；以及11/638,251，名称为“Methods And Systems ForAutomatic Configuration Of Peripherals”，这些美国专利申请据此全文以引用方式并入本文。在一些实施方案中，当多功能设备被置于用户的耳朵附近时(例如，当用户正在进行电话呼叫时)，接近传感器关闭并且禁用触摸屏112。
设备100任选地还包括一个或多个触觉输出发生器167。图1A示出了耦接到I/O子系统106中的触觉反馈控制器161的触觉输出发生器。触觉输出发生器167任选地包括一个或多个电声设备诸如扬声器或其他音频部件，以及/或者将能量转换成线性运动的机电设备诸如电机、螺线管、电活性聚合物、压电致动器、静电致动器或其他触觉输出生成部件(例如，将电信号转换成设备上的触觉输出的部件)。接触强度传感器165从触觉反馈模块133接收触觉反馈生成指令，并且在设备100上生成能够由设备100的用户感觉到的触觉输出。在一些实施方案中，至少一个触觉输出发生器与触敏表面(例如，触敏显示系统112)并置排列或邻近，并且任选地通过竖直地(例如，向设备100的表面内/外)或侧向地(例如，在与设备100的表面相同的平面中向后和向前)移动触敏表面来生成触觉输出。在一些实施方案中，至少一个触觉输出发生器传感器位于设备100的后部上，与位于设备100的前部上的触摸屏显示器112相背对。
设备100还可包括一个或多个加速度计168。图1A示出了耦接至外围设备接口118的加速度计168。另选地，加速度计168可耦接至I/O子系统106中的输入控制器160。加速度计168可如以下美国专利公开中所述的那样执行：名称为“Acceleration-based TheftDetection System for Portable Electronic Devices”的20050190059和名称为“Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On AnAccelerometer”的20060017692，这两个美国专利公开均全文以引用方式并入本文。在一些实施方案中，基于对从该一个或多个加速度计所接收的数据的分析来在触摸屏显示器上以纵向视图或横向视图显示信息。设备100任选地除了一个或多个加速度计168之外还包括磁力仪(未示出)和GPS(或GLONASS或其他全球导航系统)接收器(未示出)，以用于获取关于设备100的位置和取向(例如，纵向或横向)的信息。
在一些实施方案中，存储于存储器102中的软件部件包括操作系统126、通信模块(或指令集)128、接触/运动模块(或指令集)130、图形模块(或指令集)132、文本输入模块(或指令集)134、全球定位系统(GPS)模块(或指令集)135以及应用(或指令集)136。此外，在一些实施方案中，存储器102(图1A)或370(图3)存储设备/全局内部状态157，如图1A和图3中所示的。设备/全局内部状态157包括以下各项中的一者或多者：活动应用状态，该活动应用状态用于指示哪些应用(如果有的话)当前是活动的；显示状态，该显示状态用于指示什么应用、视图或其他信息占据触摸屏显示器112的各个区域；传感器状态，该传感器状态包括从设备的各个传感器和输入控制设备116获得的信息；以及关于设备位置和/或姿态的位置信息。
操作系统126(例如，Darwin、RTXC、LINUX、UNIX、OS X、iOS、WINDOWS或嵌入式操作系统诸如VxWorks)包括用于控制和管理一般系统任务(例如，存储器管理、存储设备控制、功率管理等)的各种软件部件和/或驱动器，并且促进各种硬件部件和软件部件之间的通信。
通信模块128促进通过一个或多个外部端口124与其他设备进行通信，并且还包括用于处理由RF电路108和/或外部端口124所接收的数据的各种软件部件。外部端口124(例如通用串行总线(USB)、火线等)适于直接耦接到其他设备，或间接地通过网络(例如互联网、无线LAN等)耦接。在一些实施方案中，外部端口是与
Figure BDA0001488128640000191
(Apple Inc.的商标)设备上所使用的30针连接器相同的或类似的和/或与其兼容的多针(例如，30针)连接器。
接触/运动模块130任选地检测与触摸屏112(结合显示控制器156)和其他触敏设备(例如，触摸板或物理点击轮)的接触。接触/运动模块130包括各种软件部件以用于执行与接触的检测相关的各种操作，诸如确定是否已发生接触(例如，检测手指按下事件)、确定接触的强度(例如，接触的力或压力，或者接触的力或压力的替代物)、确定是否存在接触的移动以及跟踪跨触敏表面的移动(例如，检测一个或多个手指拖动事件)，以及确定接触是否已停止(例如，检测手指抬起事件或者接触断开)。接触/运动模块130从触敏表面接收接触数据。确定接触点的移动任选地包括确定接触点的速率(量值)、速度(量值和方向)和/或加速度(量值和/或方向的改变)，接触点的移动由一系列接触数据表示。这些操作任选地被应用于单点接触(例如，单指接触)或者多点同时接触(例如，“多点触摸”/多个手指接触)。在一些实施方案中，接触/运动模块130和显示控制器156检测触摸板上的接触。
在一些实施方案中，接触/运动模块130使用一组一个或多个强度阈值来确定操作是否已由用户执行(例如，确定用户是否已“点击”图标)。在一些实施方案中，根据软件参数来确定强度阈值的至少一个子集(例如，强度阈值不是由特定物理致动器的激活阈值来确定的，并且可在不改变设备100的物理硬件的情况下被调节)。例如，在不改变触控板或触摸屏显示器硬件的情况下，触控板或触摸屏的鼠标“点击”阈值可被设定成预定义的阈值的大范围中的任一个阈值。另外，在一些具体实施中，向设备的用户提供用于调节一组强度阈值中的一个或多个强度阈值(例如，通过调节各个强度阈值和/或通过利用对“强度”参数的系统级点击来一次调节多个强度阈值)的软件设置。
接触/运动模块130任选地检测由用户进行的手势输入。触敏表面上的不同手势具有不同的接触图案(例如，所检测到的接触的不同运动、定时和/或强度)。因此，任选地通过检测特定接触模式来检测手势。例如，检测手指轻击手势包括检测手指按下事件，然后在与手指按下事件相同的位置(或基本上相同的位置)处(例如，在图标的位置处)检测手指抬起(抬离)事件。作为另一个示例，在触敏表面上检测手指轻扫手势包括检测手指按下事件，然后检测一个或多个手指拖动事件，并且随后检测手指抬起(抬离)事件。
图形模块132包括用于在触摸屏112或其他显示器上呈现和显示图形的各种已知的软件部件，包括用于改变所显示的图形的视觉冲击(例如，亮度、透明度、饱和度、对比度或其他视觉特征)的部件。如本文所用，术语“图形”包括可被显示给用户的任何对象，包括但不限于文本、网页、图标(诸如包括软键的用户界面对象)、数字图像、视频、动画等。
在一些实施方案中，图形模块132存储待使用的用于表示图形的数据。每个图形任选地被分配有对应的代码。图形模块132从应用程序等接收用于指定待显示的图形的一个或多个代码，在必要的情况下还接收坐标数据和其他图形属性数据，并且然后生成屏幕图像数据，以输出至显示控制器156。
触觉反馈模块133包括用于生成指令的各种软件部件，该指令由一个或多个触觉输出发生器167使用，以便响应于用户与设备100的交互而在设备100上的一个或多个位置处产生触觉输出。
可作为图形模块132的部件的文本输入模块134提供用于在多种应用程序(例如，联系人137、电子邮件140、即时消息141、浏览器147和需要文本输入的任何其他应用程序)中输入文本的软键盘。
GPS模块135确定设备的位置并提供了在各种应用程序中使用的这种信息(例如，提供至用于基于位置的拨号的电话138；提供至相机143作为图片/视频元数据；以及提供至提供基于位置的服务诸如天气桌面小程序、当地黄页桌面小程序和地图/导航桌面小程序的应用程序)。
应用程序136可包括以下模块(或指令集)或者其子集或超集：
·联系人模块137(有时称为通讯录或联系人列表)；
·电话模块138；
·视频会议模块139；
·电子邮件客户端模块140；
·即时消息(IM)模块141；
·健身支持模块142；
·用于静态图像和/或视频图像的相机模块143；
·图像管理模块144；
·视频播放器模块；
·音乐播放器模块；
·浏览器模块147；
·日历模块148；
·桌面小程序模块149，其可包括以下各项中的一者或多者：天气桌面小程序149-1、股市桌面小程序149-2、计算器桌面小程序149-3、闹钟桌面小程序149-4、词典桌面小程序149-5、和由用户获取的其他桌面小程序以及用户创建的桌面小程序149-6；
·用于形成用户创建的桌面小程序149-6的桌面小程序创建器模块150；
·搜索模块151；
·视频和音乐播放器模块152，其合并视频播放器模块和音乐播放器模块；
·记事本模块153；
·地图模块154；和/或
·在线视频模块155。
可存储在存储器102中的其他应用程序136的示例包括其他文字处理应用程序、其他图像编辑应用程序、绘图应用程序、呈现应用程序、支持JAVA的应用程序、加密、数字权益管理、语音识别和语音复制。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，联系人模块137可用于管理地址簿或联系人列表(例如，存储在存储器102或存储器370中的联系人模块137的应用程序内部状态192中)，包括：将一个或多个姓名添加到地址簿；从地址簿删除一个或多个姓名；使一个或多个电话号码、一个或多个电子邮件地址、一个或多个物理地址或其他信息与姓名相关联；使图像与姓名相关联；对姓名归类和分类；提供电话号码或电子邮件地址以发起和/或促进通过电话138、视频会议模块139、电子邮件140或IM 141进行通信；等等。
结合RF电路108、音频电路110、扬声器111、麦克风113、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，电话模块138可用于输入与电话号码对应的字符序列、访问联系人模块137中的一个或多个电话号码，修改已输入的电话号码，拨打相应的电话号码，进行会话，以及当会话完成时断开或挂断。如上所述，无线通信可使用多个通信标准、协议和技术中的任一者。
结合RF电路108、音频电路110、扬声器111、麦克风113、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、光学传感器164、光学传感器控制器158、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134、联系人模块137和电话模块138，视频会议模块139包括根据用户指令来发起、执行和终止用户与一个或多个其他参与方之间的视频会议的可执行指令。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，电子邮件客户端模块140包括响应于用户指令来创建、发送、接收和管理电子邮件的可执行指令。结合图像管理模块144，电子邮件客户端模块140使得非常容易创建和发送具有由相机模块143拍摄的静态图像或视频图像的电子邮件。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，即时消息模块141包括用于以下操作的可执行指令：输入与即时消息对应的字符序列，修改先前输入的字符，传输相应即时消息(例如，使用短消息服务(SMS)或多媒体消息服务(MMS)协议以用于基于电话的即时消息，或者使用XMPP、SIMPLE或IMPS以用于基于互联网的即时消息)，接收即时消息，以及查看所接收的即时消息。在一些实施方案中，所传输的和/或所接收的即时消息可包括图形、照片、音频文件、视频文件、和/或在MMS和/或增强型消息服务(EMS)中支持的其他附件。如本文所用，“即时消息”是指基于电话的消息(例如，使用SMS或MMS传输的消息)和基于互联网的消息(例如，使用XMPP、SIMPLE或IMPS传输的消息)两者。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134、GPS模块135、地图模块154和音乐播放器模块，健身支持模块142包括用于以下操作的可执行指令：创建健身(例如具有时间、距离、和/或卡路里燃烧目标)；与健身传感器(移动设备)进行通信；接收健身传感器数据；校准用于监视健身的传感器；选择健身音乐并进行播放；以及显示、存储和传输健身数据。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、一个或多个光学传感器164、光学传感器控制器158、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和图像管理模块144，相机模块143包括用于以下操作的可执行指令：捕获静态图像或视频(包括视频流)并且将它们存储到存储器102中、修改静态图像或视频的特征、或从存储器102删除静态图像或视频。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134和相机模块143，图像管理模块144包括用于以下操作的可执行指令：排列、修改(例如，编辑)，或以其他方式操控、加标签、删除、呈现(例如，在数字幻灯片或相册中)，以及存储静态图像和/或视频图像。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，浏览器模块147包括根据用户指令来浏览互联网(包括搜索、链接至、接收和显示网页或其部分，以及链接至网页的附件和其他文件)的可执行指令。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134、电子邮件客户端模块140和浏览器模块147，日历模块148包括根据用户指令来创建、显示、修改和存储日历以及与日历相关联的数据(例如，日历条目、待办事项等)的可执行指令。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134和浏览器模块147，桌面小程序模块149是可由用户下载并使用的微型应用程序(例如，天气桌面小程序149-1、股市桌面小程序149-2、计算器桌面小程序149-3、闹钟桌面小程序149-4、和词典桌面小程序149-5)或由用户创建的微型应用程序(例如，用户创建的桌面小程序149-6)。在一些实施方案中，桌面小程序包括HTML(超文本标记语言)文件、CSS(层叠样式表)文件、和JavaScript文件。在一些实施方案中，桌面小程序包括XML(可扩展标记语言)文件和、JavaScript文件(例如，Yahoo！桌面小程序)。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134和浏览器模块147，桌面小程序创建器模块150可被用户用于创建桌面小程序(例如，将网页的用户指定部分转到桌面小程序中)。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，搜索模块151包括根据用户指令来搜索存储器102中的匹配一个或多个搜索条件(例如，一个或多个用户指定的搜索词)的文本、音乐、声音、图像、视频和/或其他文件的可执行指令。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、音频电路110、扬声器111、RF电路108、和浏览器模块147，视频和音乐播放器模块152包括允许用户下载和回放以一种或多种文件格式(诸如MP3或AAC文件)存储的所记录的音乐和其他声音文件的可执行指令，以及用于显示、呈现或以其他方式回放视频(例如，在触摸屏112上或在经由外部端口124连接的外部显示器上)的可执行指令。在一些实施方案中，设备100任选地包括MP3播放器诸如iPod(Apple Inc.的商标)的功能。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132和文本输入模块134，记事本模块153包括根据用户指令来创建和管理记事本、待办事项等的可执行指令。
结合RF电路108、触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、文本输入模块134、GPS模块135和浏览器模块147，地图模块154可用于根据用户指令来接收、显示、修改和存储地图以及与地图相关联的数据(例如，驾驶方向、与特定位置处或附近的商店及其他兴趣点有关的数据，以及其他基于位置的数据)。
结合触摸屏112、显示控制器156、接触/运动模块130、图形模块132、音频电路110、扬声器111、RF电路108、文本输入模块134、电子邮件客户端模块140和浏览器模块147，在线视频模块155包括指令，该指令允许用户访问、浏览、接收(例如，通过流式传输和/或下载)、回放(例如在触摸屏上或在经由外部端口124所连接的外部显示器上)、发送具有至特定在线视频的链接的电子邮件，以及以其他方式管理一种或多种文件格式诸如H.264的在线视频。在一些实施方案中，即时消息模块141而不是电子邮件客户端模块140用于发送至特定在线视频的链接。在线视频应用程序的附加描述可在2007年6月20日提交的名称为“Portable Multifunction Device,Method,and Graphical User Interface forPlaying Online Videos”的美国临时专利申请60/936,562、和2007年12月31日提交的名称为“Portable Multifunction Device,Method,and Graphical User Interface forPlaying Online Videos”的美国专利申请11/968,067中找到，这两个专利申请的内容据此全文以引用方式并入本文。
上述模块和应用程序中的每个模块和应用程序对应于用于执行上述一种或多种功能以及在该专利申请中所述的方法(例如，本文所述的计算机实现的方法和其他信息处理方法)的可执行指令集。这些模块(例如，指令集)不必被实现为独立的软件程序、过程或模块，并因此在各种实施方案中可组合或以其他方式重新布置这些模块的各种子集。例如，视频播放器模块可与音乐播放器模块组合成单个模块(例如，图1A中的视频和音乐播放器模块152)。在一些实施方案中，存储器102可存储上文识别的模块和数据结构的子集。此外，存储器102可存储上文没有描述的附加模块和数据结构。
在一些实施方案中，设备100是该设备上的预定义的一组功能的操作唯一地通过触摸屏和/或触摸板来执行的设备。通过使用触摸屏和/或触摸板作为用于设备100的操作的主要输入控制设备，可减少设备100上的物理输入控制设备(诸如下压按钮、拨号盘等等)的数量。
唯一地通过触摸屏和/或触摸板执行的该预定义的一组功能任选地包括在用户界面之间进行导航。在一些实施方案中，触摸板在被用户触摸时将设备100从被显示在设备100上的任何用户界面导航到主菜单、home菜单、或根菜单。在此类实施方案中，使用触摸板来实现“菜单按钮”。在一些其他实施方案中，菜单按钮是物理下压按钮或者其他物理输入控制设备，而不是触摸板。
图1B是示出根据一些实施方案的用于事件处理的示例性部件的框图。在一些实施方案中，存储器102(图1A)或存储器370(图3)包括事件分类器170(例如，在操作系统126中)以及相应的应用136-1(例如，前述应用137-151、155、380-390中的任一个应用)。
事件分类器170接收事件信息并确定要将事件信息递送到的应用136-1和应用136-1的应用视图191。事件分类器170包括事件监视器171和事件分配器模块174。在一些实施方案中，应用程序136-1包括应用程序内部状态192，该应用程序内部状态指示当应用程序是活动的或正在执行时在触敏显示器112上显示的一个或多个当前应用程序视图。在一些实施方案中，设备/全局内部状态157被事件分类器170用于确定哪个(哪些)应用当前是活动的，并且应用内部状态192被事件分类器170用于确定要将事件信息递送到的应用视图191。
在一些实施方案中，应用内部状态192包括附加信息，诸如以下各项中的一者或多者：当应用136-1恢复执行时将被使用的恢复信息、指示正被应用136-1显示的信息或准备好用于被应用136-1显示的信息的用户界面状态信息、用于使得用户能够返回到应用136-1的前一状态或视图的状态队列，以及用户采取的先前动作的重复/撤销队列。
事件监视器171从外围设备接口118接收事件信息。事件信息包括关于子事件(例如，作为多点触摸手势的一部分的触敏显示器112上的用户触摸)的信息。外围设备接口118传输其从I/O子系统106或传感器(诸如接近传感器166、加速度计168和/或麦克风113(通过音频电路110))接收的信息。外围设备接口118从I/O子系统106接收的信息包括来自触敏显示器112或触敏表面的信息。
在一些实施方案中，事件监视器171以预先确定的空间来将请求发送至外围设备接口118。作为响应，外围设备接口118传输事件信息。在其他实施方案中，外围设备接口118仅当存在显著事件(例如，接收到高于预先确定的噪声阈值的输入和/或接收到超过预先确定的持续时间的输入)时才传输事件信息。
在一些实施方案中，事件分类器170还包括命中视图确定模块172和/或活动事件识别器确定模块173。
当触敏显示器112显示多于一个视图时，命中视图确定模块172提供用于确定子事件已在一个或多个视图内的什么地方发生的软件过程。视图由用户能在显示器上看到的控件和其他元素构成。
与应用程序相关联的用户界面的另一方面是一组视图，在本文中有时也被称为应用程序视图或用户界面窗口，在其中显示信息并且发生基于触摸的手势。在其中检测到触摸的(相应应用程序的)应用程序视图可对应于应用程序的程序化或视图分级结构内的程序化水平。例如，在其中检测到触摸的最低层级视图可被叫做命中视图，并且被识别为正确输入的那组事件可至少部分地基于开始基于触摸的手势的初始触摸的命中视图来确定。
命中视图确定模块172接收与基于接触的手势的子事件相关的信息。当应用程序具有在分级结构中组织的多个视图时，命中视图确定模块172将命中视图识别为应对子事件进行处理的分级结构中的最低视图。在大多数情况下，命中视图是发起子事件(例如，形成事件或潜在事件的子事件序列中的第一子事件)在其中发生的最低水平视图。一旦命中视图被命中视图确定模块172识别，命中视图通常就接收与其被识别为命中视图所针对的同一触摸或输入源相关的所有子事件。
活动事件识别器确定模块173确定视图分级结构内的哪个或哪些视图应接收特定子事件序列。在一些实施方案中，活动事件识别器确定模块173确定仅命中视图应接收特定子事件序列。在其他实施方案中，活动事件识别器确定模块173确定包括子事件的物理位置的所有视图是活跃参与的视图，并且因此确定所有活跃参与的视图应接收特定子事件序列。在其他实施方案中，即使触摸子事件完全被局限到与一个特定视图相关联的区域，但在分级结构中较高的视图将仍然保持为活跃参与的视图。
事件分配器模块174将事件信息分配到事件识别器(例如，事件识别器180)。在包括活动事件识别器确定模块173的实施方案中，事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到由活动事件识别器确定模块173确定的事件识别器。在一些实施方案中，事件分配器模块174在事件队列中存储事件信息，该事件信息由相应事件接收器182进行检索。
在一些实施方案中，操作系统126包括事件分类器170。另选地，应用程序136-1包括事件分类器170。在另一个实施方案中，事件分类器170是独立的模块，或者是存储在存储器102中的另一个模块(诸如接触/运动模块130)的一部分。
在一些实施方案中，应用136-1包括多个事件处理程序190和一个或多个应用视图191，其中每个应用视图包括用于处理发生在应用的用户界面的相应视图内的触摸事件的指令。应用136-1的每个应用视图191包括一个或多个事件识别器180。通常，相应应用视图191包括多个事件识别器180。在其他实施方案中，事件识别器180中的一个或多个事件识别器是独立模块的一部分，该独立模块诸如用户界面工具包(未示出)或应用程序136-1从中继承方法和其他属性的更高水平的对象。在一些实施方案中，相应事件处理程序190包括以下各项中的一者或多者：数据更新器176、对象更新器177、GUI更新器178和/或从事件分类器170接收的事件数据179。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176、对象更新器177或GUI更新器178，以更新应用程序内部状态192。另选地，应用程序视图191中的一个或多个应用程序视图包括一个或多个相应事件处理程序190。另外，在一些实施方案中，数据更新器176、对象更新器177和GUI更新器178中的一者或多者包括在相应应用视图191中。
相应的事件识别器180从事件分类器170接收事件信息(例如，事件数据179)，并且从事件信息识别事件。事件识别器180包括事件接收器182和事件比较器184。在一些实施方案中，事件识别器180还至少包括以下各项的子集：元数据183、和事件递送指令188(其可包括子事件递送指令)。
事件接收器182从事件分类器170接收事件信息。事件信息包括关于子事件的信息例如触摸或触摸移动。根据子事件，事件信息还包括附加信息，诸如子事件的位置。当子事件涉及触摸的运动时，事件信息还可包括子事件的速率和方向。在一些实施方案中，事件包括设备从一个取向旋转到另一个取向(例如，从纵向取向旋转到横向取向，或反之亦然)，并且事件信息包括关于设备的当前取向(也被称为设备姿态)的对应信息。
事件比较器184将事件信息与预定义的事件或子事件定义进行比较，并且基于该比较，确定一个事件或子事件，或确定或更新事件或子事件的状态。在一些实施方案中，事件比较器184包括事件定义186。事件定义186包含事件的定义(例如，预定义的子事件序列)，例如事件1(187-1)、事件2(187-2)以及其他。在一些实施方案中，事件(187)中的子事件包括例如触摸开始、触摸结束、触摸移动、触摸取消、和多点触摸。在一个示例中，事件1(187-1)的定义是在所显示对象上的双击。例如，双击包括所显示对象上的预定时长的第一次触摸(触摸开始)、预定时长的第一次抬起(触摸结束)、所显示对象上的预定时长的第二次触摸(触摸开始)以及预定时长的第二次抬起(触摸结束)。在另一个示例中，针对事件2(187-2)的定义是被显示对象上的拖动。例如，拖动包括所显示对象上的预先确定时长的触摸(或接触)、触摸在触敏显示器112上的移动，以及触摸的抬离(触摸结束)。在一些实施方案中，事件还包括用于一个或多个相关联的事件处理程序190的信息。
在一些实施方案中，事件定义187包括对用于相应用户界面对象的事件的定义。在一些实施方案中，事件比较器184执行命中测试，以确定哪个用户界面对象与子事件相关联。例如，在触摸显示器112上显示三个用户界面对象的应用程序视图中，当在触敏显示器112上检测到触摸时，事件比较器184执行命中测试，以确定这三个用户界面对象中的哪一个用户界面对象与该触摸(子事件)相关联。如果每个所显示的对象与相应的事件处理程序190相关联，则事件比较器使用该命中测试的结果，以确定哪个事件处理程序190应当被激活。例如，事件比较器184选择与子事件和触发该命中测试的对象相关联的事件处理程序。
在一些实施方案中，相应事件(187)的定义还包括延迟动作，该延迟动作延迟事件信息的递送，直到确定子事件序列是否确实对应于或不对应于事件识别器的事件类型。
当相应事件识别器180确定子事件系列不与事件定义186中的任何事件匹配时，该相应事件识别器180进入事件不可能、事件失败或事件结束状态，在此之后忽略基于触摸的手势的后续子事件。在这种情况下，对于命中视图保持活动的其他事件识别器(如果有的话)继续跟踪并处理持续进行的基于触摸的手势的子事件。
在一些实施方案中，相应事件识别器180包括具有指示事件递送系统应该如何执行对活跃参与的事件识别器的子事件递送的可配置属性、标志、和/或列表的元数据183。在一些实施方案中，元数据183包括用于指示事件识别器可彼此如何交互或如何被启用以彼此进行交互的可配置属性、标志和/或列表。在一些实施方案中，元数据183包括用于指示子事件是否被递送到视图或程序化分级结构中的不同层级的可配置属性、标志和/或列表。
在一些实施方案中，当事件的一个或多个特定子事件被识别时，相应事件识别器180激活与事件相关联的事件处理程序190。在一些实施方案中，相应事件识别器180将与该事件相关联的事件信息递送到事件处理程序190。激活事件处理程序190不同于将子事件发送(和延期发送)到相应命中视图。在一些实施方案中，事件识别器180抛出与所识别的事件相关联的标志，并且与该标志相关联的事件处理程序190获取该标志并执行预定义的过程。
在一些实施方案中，事件递送指令188包括递送关于子事件的事件信息而无需激活事件处理程序的子事件递送指令。相反，子事件递送指令将事件信息递送到与子事件系列相关联的事件处理程序或递送到活跃参与的视图。与子事件系列或与活跃参与的视图相关联的事件处理程序接收事件信息并执行预先确定的过程。
在一些实施方案中，数据更新器176创建并更新在应用136-1中使用的数据。例如，数据更新器176对联系人模块137中所使用的电话号码进行更新，或者对视频播放器模块中所使用的视频文件进行存储。在一些实施方案中，对象更新器177创建和更新在应用136-1中使用的对象。例如，对象更新器177创建新的用户界面对象或更新用户界面对象的位置。GUI更新器178更新GUI。例如，GUI更新器178准备显示信息并将其发送至图形模块132以用于触敏显示器上的显示。
在一些实施方案中，一个或多个事件处理程序190包括数据更新器176、对象更新器177和GUI更新器178，或者具有对数据更新器176、对象更新器177和GUI更新器178的访问权限。在一些实施方案中，数据更新器176、对象更新器177和GUI更新器178被包括在相应应用136-1或应用视图191的单个模块中。在其他实施方案中，它们被包括在两个或更多个软件模块中。
应当理解，关于触敏显示器上的用户触摸的事件处理的上述论述还适用于利用输入设备来操作多功能设备100的其他形式的用户输入，并不是所有用户输入都是在触摸屏上发起的。例如，任选地与单次或多次键盘按压或保持结合的鼠标移动和鼠标按钮按压；触摸板上的接触移动，诸如轻击、拖动、滚动等；触笔输入；设备的移动；口头指令；所检测到的眼睛移动；生物特征输入；和/或任选地被用作与用于限定要识别的事件的子事件对应的输入的它们的任意组合。
图2示出了根据一些实施方案的具有触摸屏112的便携式多功能设备100。触摸屏任选地在用户界面(UI)200内显示一个或多个图形。在本实施方案中以及在下文中描述的其他实施方案中，用户能够通过例如利用一个或多个手指202(在附图中没有按比例绘制)或者利用一个或多个触笔203(在附图中没有按比例绘制)，在图形上作出手势来选择这些图形中的一个或多个图形。在一些实施方案中，当用户中断与一个或多个图形的接触时，将发生对一个或多个图形的选择。在一些实施方案中，手势任选地包括一次或多次轻击、一次或多次轻扫(从左向右、从右向左、向上和/或向下)和/或已与设备100发生接触的手指的滚动(从右向左、从左向右、向上和/或向下)。在一些具体实施中或在一些情况下，不经意地与图形接触不会选择图形。例如，当与选择对应的手势是轻击时，在应用程序图标上方扫动的轻扫手势任选地不会选择对应应用程序。
设备100还可包括一个或多个物理按钮，诸如“home”按钮或菜单按钮204。如前所述，菜单按钮204可被用于导航到可在设备100上执行的应用程序集中的任何应用程序136。另选地，在一些实施方案中，菜单按钮被实现为在触摸屏112上显示的GUI中的软键。
在一些实施方案中，设备100包括触摸屏112、菜单按钮204、用于使设备开机/关机和用于锁定设备的下压按钮206、一个或多个音量调节按钮208、用户身份模块(SIM)卡槽210、耳麦插孔212和对接/充电外部端口124。下压按钮206被任选地用于：通过按下按钮并使按钮在下压状态保持预先确定的时间间隔来使设备通电/断电；通过按下按钮并在经过预先确定的时间间隔之前释放按钮来锁定设备；和/或对设备进行解锁或发起解锁过程。在另选的实施方案中，设备100还通过麦克风113来接受用于激活或去激活某些功能的语音输入。设备100还任选地包括用于检测触摸屏112上的接触的强度的一个或多个接触强度传感器165，和/或用于为设备100的用户生成触觉输出的一个或多个触觉输出发生器167。
图3是根据一些实施方案的具有显示器和触敏表面的示例性多功能设备的框图。设备300不必是便携式的。在一些实施方案中，设备300是膝上型计算机、台式计算机、平板电脑、多媒体播放器设备、导航设备、教育设备(诸如儿童学习玩具)、游戏系统、或控制设备(例如，家用控制器或工业用控制器)。设备300通常包括一个或多个处理单元(CPU)310、一个或多个网络或其他通信接口360、存储器370和用于使这些部件互连的一个或多个通信总线320。通信总线320任选地包括使系统部件互连并且控制系统部件之间的通信的电路系统(有时叫做芯片组)。设备300包括具有显示器340的输入/输出(I/O)接口330，该显示器通常是触摸屏显示器。I/O接口330还任选地包括键盘和/或鼠标(或其他指向设备)350和触摸板355、用于在设备300上生成触觉输出的触觉输出发生器357(例如，类似于以上参考图1A所述的一个或多个触觉输出发生器167)、传感器359(例如，光学传感器、加速度传感器、接近传感器、触敏传感器、和/或接触强度传感器(类似于以上参考图1A所述的一个或多个接触强度传感器165))。存储器370包括高速随机存取存储器诸如DRAM、SRAM、DDR RAM或其他随机存取固态存储器设备；并且任选地包括非易失性存储器诸如一个或多个磁盘存储设备、光盘存储设备、闪存存储器设备、或其他非易失性固态存储设备。存储器370任选地包括远离CPU 310定位的一个或多个存储设备。在一些实施方案中，存储器370存储与便携式多功能设备100(图1A)的存储器102中所存储的程序、模块和数据结构类似的程序、模块和数据结构，或它们的子集。此外，存储器370任选地存储在便携式多功能设备100的存储器102中不存在的附加程序、模块和数据结构。例如，设备300的存储器370任选地存储绘图模块380、呈现模块382、文字处理模块384、网站创建模块386、盘编辑模块388，和/或电子表格模块390，而便携式多功能设备100(图1A)的存储器102任选地不存储这些模块。
图3中的上述元件中的每个元件可存储在一个或多个前面提到的存储器设备中。上述模块中的每个模块对应于用于执行上述功能的指令集。上述模块或程序(例如，指令集)不必被实现为单独的软件程序、过程或模块，并且因此这些模块的各种子集可在各种实施方案中被组合或以其他方式重新布置。在一些实施方案中，存储器370可存储上述模块和数据结构的子组。此外，存储器370可存储上面没有描述的附加模块和数据结构。
现在将注意力转到可在例如便携式多功能设备100上实现的用户界面的实施方案。
图4A示出了根据一些实施方案的便携式多功能设备100上的应用程序的菜单的示例性用户界面。类似的用户界面可在设备300上实现。在一些实施方案中，用户界面400包括以下元件或者其子集或超集：
一个或多个无线通信(诸如蜂窝信号和Wi-Fi信号)的一个或多个信号强度指示器402；
·时间404；
·蓝牙指示符405；
·电池状态指示符406；
·具有常用应用程序的图标的托盘408，常用应用程序图标诸如：
·电话模块138的被标记为“电话”的图标416，该图标416任选地包括未接来电或语音留言的数量的指示器414；
·电子邮件客户端模块140的被标记为“邮件”的图标418，该图标418任选地包括未读电子邮件的数量的指示器410；
·浏览器模块147的被标记为“浏览器”的图标420；和
·视频和音乐播放器模块152(也称为iPod(Apple Inc.的商标)模块152)的被标记为“iPod”的图标422；和
·其他应用程序的图标，诸如：
·IM模块141的被标记为“消息”的图标424；
·日历模块148的被标记为“日历”的图标426；
·图像管理模块144的标记“相片”的图标428；
·相机模块143的标记“相机”的图标430；
·在线视频模块155的图标432，标记为“在线视频”；
·股市桌面小程序149-2的标记“股市”的图标434；
·地图模块154的被标记为“地图”的图标436；
·天气桌面小程序149-1的被标记为“天气”的图标438；
·闹钟桌面小程序149-4的标记“时钟”的图标440；
·健身支持模块142的图标442，标记为“健身支持”；
·记事本模块153的图标444，标记为“记事本”；以及
·用于设置应用或模块的被标记为“设置”的图标446，该图标446提供对设备100及其各种应用136的设置的访问。
需注意，图4A中示出的图标标签仅是示例性的。例如，视频和音乐播放器模块152的图标422可任选地被标记为“音乐”或“音乐播放器”。其他标签任选地用于各种应用程序图标。在一些实施方案中，相应应用程序图标的标签包括与该相应应用程序图标对应的应用程序的名称。在一些实施方案中，特定应用程序图标的标签不同于与该特定应用程序图标对应的应用程序的名称。
图4B示出了具有与显示器450(例如，触摸屏显示器112)分开的触敏表面451(例如，图3的平板电脑或触摸板355)的设备(例如，图3的设备300)上的示例性用户界面。设备300还任选地包括用于检测触敏表面451上的接触的强度的一个或多个接触强度传感器(例如，传感器357中的一个或多个传感器)、和/或用于为设备300的用户生成触觉输出的一个或多个触觉输出发生器359。
尽管将参考触摸屏显示器112(其中组合了触敏表面和显示器)上的输入给出随后的示例中的一些示例，但是在一些实施方案中，设备检测与显示器分开的触敏表面上的输入，如图4B中所示的。在一些实施方案中，触敏表面(例如，图4B中的451)具有与显示器(例如，450)上的主轴(例如，图4B中的453)对应的主轴(例如，图4B中的452)。根据这些实施方案，设备检测在与显示器上的相应位置对应的位置(例如，在图4B中，460对应于468并且462对应于470)处的与触敏表面451的接触(例如，图4B中的460和462)。这样，在触敏表面(例如，图4B中的451)与多功能设备的显示器(图4B中的450)分开时，由设备在触敏表面上检测到的用户输入(例如，接触460和462以及它们的移动)被该设备用于操纵显示器上的用户界面。应当理解，类似的方法任选地用于本文所述的其他用户界面。
另外，虽然主要是参考手指输入(例如，手指接触、单指轻击手势、手指轻扫手势)来给出下面的示例，但是应当理解，在一些实施方案中，这些手指输入中的一个或多个手指输入由来自另一输入设备的输入(例如，基于鼠标的输入或触笔输入)替代。例如，轻扫手势任选地由鼠标点击(例如，而不是接触)，之后是光标沿着轻扫的路径的移动(例如，而不是接触的移动)来替代。又如，轻击手势任选地由在光标位于轻击手势的位置上方时的鼠标点击(例如，而不是对接触的检测，以及之后的停止检测接触)来代替。类似地，当同时检测到多个用户输入时，应当理解的是，多个计算机鼠标任选地被同时使用，或鼠标和手指接触任选地被同时使用。
图5A示出了示例性个人电子设备500。设备500包括主体502。在一些实施方案中，设备500可包括相对于设备100和300(例如，图1A-图4B)所述的特征中的一些或全部特征。在一些实施方案中，设备500具有在下文中称为触摸屏504的触敏显示屏504。作为触摸屏504的替代或补充，设备500具有显示器和触敏表面。与设备100和300的情况一样，在一些实施方案中，触摸屏504(或触敏表面)可具有用于检测所施加的接触(例如，触摸)的强度的一个或多个强度传感器。触摸屏504(或触敏表面)的一个或多个强度传感器可提供表示触摸的强度的输出数据。设备500的用户界面可基于触摸强度来对触摸作出响应，这意味着不同强度的触摸可调用设备500上的不同用户界面操作。
例如，可在如下相关专利申请中找到用于检测和处理触摸强度的技术：2013年5月8日提交的名称为“Device,Method,and Graphical User Interface for DisplayingUser Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application”的国际专利申请PCT/US2013/040061；以及2013年11月11日提交的名称为“Device,Method,and Graphical UserInterface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display OutputRelationships”的国际专利申请PCT/US2013/069483，这两个专利申请中的每个专利申请全文以引用方式并入本文。
在一些实施方案中，设备500具有一个或多个输入机构506和508。输入机构506和508(如果包括的话)可以是物理形式的。物理输入机构的示例包括下压按钮和可旋转机构。在一些实施方案中，设备500具有一个或多个附接机构。此类附接机构(如果包括的话)可允许将设备500与例如帽子、眼镜、耳环、项链、衬衣、夹克、手镯、表带、手链、裤子、皮带、鞋子、钱包、背包等附接。这些附接机构可允许用户穿戴设备500。
图5B示出了示例性个人电子设备500。在一些实施方案中，设备500可包括相对于图1A、图1B和图3所述的部件中的一些或全部部件。设备500具有将I/O部分514与一个或多个计算机处理器516和存储器518操作性地耦接的总线512。I/O部分514可连接到显示器504，该显示器可具有触敏部件522并且任选地还具有触摸强度敏感部件524。此外，I/O部分514可与通信单元530连接，以用于使用Wi-Fi、蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、蜂窝和/或其他无线通信技术来接收应用程序和操作系统数据。设备500可包括输入机构506和/或508。例如，输入机构506可以是可旋转输入设备或者可按压输入设备以及可旋转输入设备。在一些示例中，输入机构508可以是按钮。
在一些示例中，输入机构508可以是麦克风。个人电子设备500可包括各种传感器，诸如GPS传感器532、加速度计534、定向传感器540(例如，罗盘)、陀螺仪536、运动传感器538、和/或它们的组合，所有这些设备可操作性连接到I/O部分514。
个人电子设备500的存储器518可为用于存储计算机可执行指令的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，在由一个或多个计算机处理器516执行时，所述计算机可执行指令例如可使得计算机处理器执行上述技术，包括过程700-1000、1900和2000(图7至图10、图19和图20)。计算机可执行指令也可在任何非暂态计算机可读存储介质内进行存储和/或传送，以供指令执行系统、装置或设备诸如基于计算机的系统、包含处理器的系统或可从指令执行系统、装置或设备获取指令并执行指令的其他系统使用或与其结合。对于本文的目的而言，“非暂态计算机可读存储介质”可以是可有形地包含或存储计算机可执行指令以供指令执行系统、装置和设备使用或与其结合的任何介质。非暂态计算机可读存储介质可包括但不限于磁存储装置、光学存储装置、和/或半导体存储装置。此类存储装置的示例包括磁盘、基于CD、DVD或Blu-ray技术的光盘、以及持久性固态存储器(诸如闪存、固态驱动器)等。个人电子设备500不限于图5B的部件和配置，而是可包括多种配置的其他部件或附加部件。
如本文所用，术语“示能表示”是指可在设备100,300和/或500(图1、图3和图5)的显示屏上显示的用户交互式图形用户界面对象。例如，图像(例如，图标)、按钮和文本(例如，超级链接)可各自构成示能表示。
如本文所使用的，术语“焦点选择器”是指用于指示用户正与之进行交互的用户界面的当前部分的输入元素。在包括光标或其他位置标记的一些具体实施中，光标充当“焦点选择器”，使得当光标在特定用户界面元素(例如，按钮、窗口、滑块或其他用户界面元素)上方时在触敏表面(例如，图3中的触摸板355或图4B中的触敏表面451)上检测到输入(例如，按压输入)的情况下，该特定用户界面元素根据所检测到的输入而被调节。在包括能够实现与触摸屏显示器上的用户界面元素的直接交互的触摸屏显示器(例如，图1A中的触敏显示器系统112或图4A中的触摸屏112)的一些具体实施中，触摸屏上的所检测到的接触充当“焦点选择器”，使得当在触摸屏显示器上在特定用户界面元素(例如，按钮、窗口、滑块或其他用户界面元素)的位置处检测到输入(例如，由接触进行的按压输入)时，该特定用户界面元素根据所检测到的输入而被调节。在一些具体实施中，焦点从用户界面的一个区域移动到用户界面的另一个区域，而无光标的对应移动或触摸屏显示器上的接触的移动(例如，通过使用跳格键或箭头键将焦点从一个按钮移动到另一个按钮)；在这些具体实施中，焦点选择器根据用户界面的不同区域之间的焦点移动而移动。不考虑焦点选择器所采取的具体形式，焦点选择器通常是由用户控制以便(例如，通过向设备指示用户意图与其进行交互的用户界面的元素)传送用户意图与用户界面进行的交互的用户界面元素(或触摸屏显示器上的接触)。例如，在触敏表面(例如，触摸板或触摸屏)上检测到按压输入的同时，焦点选择器(例如，光标、接触或选择框)在相应按钮上方的位置将指示用户意图激活相应按钮(而不是设备显示器上示出的其他用户界面元素)。
如说明书和权利要求书中所使用的，接触的“特征强度”这一术语是指基于接触的一个或多个强度的接触的特征。在一些实施方案中，特征强度基于多个强度样本。特性强度任选地基于相对于预定义事件(例如，在检测到接触之后，在检测到接触抬离之前，在检测到接触开始移动之前或之后，在检测到接触结束之前，在检测到接触的强度增大之前或之后和/或在检测到接触的强度减小之前或之后)而言在预先确定的时间段(例如，0.05秒、0.1秒、0.2秒、0.5秒、1秒、2秒、5秒、10秒)期间采集的预定义数量的强度样本或一组强度样本。接触的特性强度任选地基于以下各项中的一者或多者：接触强度的最大值、接触强度的均值、接触强度的平均值、接触强度的前10％处的值、接触强度的半最大值、接触强度的90％最大值等。在一些实施方案中，在确定特性强度时使用接触的持续时间(例如，在特性强度是接触的强度在时间上的平均值时)。在一些实施方案中，将特性强度与一组一个或多个强度阈值进行比较，以确定用户是否已执行操作。例如，该组一个或多个强度阈值可包括第一强度阈值和第二强度阈值。在该示例中，特征强度未超过第一阈值的接触使得第一操作，特征强度超过第一强度阈值但未超过第二强度阈值的接触使得第二操作，并且特征强度超过第二阈值的接触使得第三操作。在一些实施方案中，使用特性强度与一个或多个阈值之间的比较来确定是否要执行一个或多个操作(例如，是执行相应操作还是放弃执行相应操作)，而不是用于确定执行第一操作还是第二操作。
在一些实施方案中，识别手势的一部分，目的是确定特征强度。例如，触敏表面可接收连续的轻扫接触，该连续的轻扫接触从起始位置过渡并到达结束位置，在该结束位置处，接触的强度增加。在该示例中，接触在结束位置处的特征强度可仅基于连续轻扫接触的一部分，而不是整个轻扫接触(例如，仅结束位置处的轻扫接触的一个部分)。在一些实施方案中，可在确定接触的特征强度之前向轻扫手势的强度应用平滑化算法。例如，该平滑化算法任选地包括以下各项中的一者或多者：不加权滑动平均平滑化算法、三角平滑化算法、中值滤波器平滑化算法、和/或指数平滑化算法。在一些情况下，这些平滑化算法消除了轻扫接触的强度中的窄的尖峰或凹陷，以用于确定特征强度。
可相对于一个或多个强度阈值诸如接触检测强度阈值、轻按压强度阈值、深按压强度阈值、和/或一个或多个其他强度阈值来表征触敏表面上的接触的强度。在一些实施方案中，轻按压强度阈值对应于这样的强度：在该强度下设备将执行通常与点击物理鼠标的按钮或触控板相关联的操作。在一些实施方案中，深按压强度阈值对应于这样的强度：在该强度下设备将执行与通常与点击物理鼠标或触控板的按钮相关联的操作不同的操作。在一些实施方案中，当检测到特征强度低于轻按压强度阈值(例如，并且高于标称接触检测强度阈值，比标称接触检测强度阈值低的接触不再被检测到)的接触时，设备将根据接触在触敏表面上的移动来移动焦点选择器，而不执行与轻按压强度阈值或深按压强度阈值相关联的操作。一般来讲，除非另有陈述，否则这些强度阈值在不同组的用户界面附图之间是一致的。
接触的特征强度从低于轻按压强度阈值的强度增大到介于轻按压强度阈值与深按压强度阈值之间的强度有时被称为“轻按压”输入。接触的特征强度从低于深按压强度阈值的强度增大到高于深按压强度阈值的强度有时被称为“深按压”输入。接触的特征强度从低于接触检测强度阈值的强度增大到介于接触检测强度阈值与轻按压强度阈值之间的强度有时被称为检测到触摸表面上的接触。接触特征强度从高于接触检测强度阈值的强度减小到低于接触检测强度阈值的强度有时被称为检测到接触从触摸表面抬离。在一些实施方案中，接触检测强度阈值为零。在一些实施方案中，接触检测强度阈值大于零。
在本文中所述的一些实施方案中，响应于检测到包括相应按压输入的手势或响应于检测到利用相应接触(或多个接触)执行的相应按压输入来执行一个或多个操作，其中至少部分地基于检测到该接触(或多个接触)的强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值而检测相应按压输入。在一些实施方案中，响应于检测到相应接触的强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值(例如，相应按压输入的“向下冲程”)来执行相应操作。在一些实施方案中，按压输入包括相应接触的强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值以及该接触的强度随后减小到低于按压输入强度阈值，并且响应于检测到相应接触的强度随后减小到低于按压输入阈值(例如，相应按压输入的“向上冲程”)来执行相应操作。
在一些实施方案中，设备采用强度滞后以避免有时称为“抖动”的意外输入，其中设备限定或选择与按压输入强度阈值具有预定义关系的滞后强度阈值(例如，滞后强度阈值比按压输入强度阈值低X个强度单位，或滞后强度阈值是按压输入强度阈值的75％、90％或某个合理比例)。因此，在一些实施方案中，按压输入包括相应接触的强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值以及该接触的强度随后减小到低于与按压输入强度阈值对应的滞后强度阈值，并且响应于检测到相应接触的强度随后减小到低于滞后强度阈值(例如，相应按压输入的“向上冲程”)来执行相应操作。类似地，在一些实施方案中，仅在设备检测到接触强度从等于或低于滞后强度阈值的强度增大到等于或高于按压输入强度阈值的强度并且任选地接触的强度随后减小到等于或低于滞后强度的强度时才检测到按压输入，并且响应于检测到按压输入(例如，根据环境，接触强度增大或接触强度减小)来执行相应操作。
为了容易解释，任选地，响应于检测到以下各种情况中的任一种情况而触发对响应于与按压输入强度阈值相关联的按压输入或响应于包括按压输入的手势而执行的操作的描述：接触强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值、接触强度从低于滞后强度阈值的强度增大到高于按压输入强度阈值的强度、接触强度减小到低于按压输入强度阈值、和/或接触强度减小到低于与按压输入强度阈值对应的滞后强度阈值。另外，在将操作描述为响应于检测到接触强度减小到低于按压输入强度阈值而执行的示例中，任选地响应于检测到接触强度减小到低于对应于并且小于按压输入强度阈值的滞后强度阈值来执行操作。
示例性用户界面
现在将注意力转到可在电子设备(诸如便携式多功能设备100、设备300或设备500)上实现以提供预测性回复的用户界面(“UI”)以及相关联的过程的实施方案。
图6A至图6C示出了在一些实施方案中使用的支持预测性回复的示例性用户界面。图6A示出了电子设备600。在一些实施方案中，电子设备600可以是设备100,300或500(图1A、图3和图5A)。在例示的实施方案中，电子设备600是蜂窝电话。设备600可以显示由即时消息软件应用程序提供的用户界面屏幕。用户界面屏幕可具有消息转录本602，显示设备600的用户与一个或多个参与者(诸如参与者606)之间的对话。消息转录本602可包括从参与者606(使用的设备)接收的消息604。
消息604的内容——“你会在接下来半小时到一小时内过去吗？”——是一个问题。在语言学上，这句话构成一个询问。设备600能够做出消息604包含询问的确定。(如下面更详细地讨论的，该确定可以基于消息开头出现的“你会”和消息结尾处的问号)。至少在此基础上，设备600在区域608水平地显示示能表示610,612和614。示能表示610,612和614表示设备600预测的有助于用户对消息604进行响应的回复。如图所示，建议的预测性回复包括“是”、“否”和“可能”。
设备600的用户可以选择其中一个显示的使能表示来将对应的预测性回复发送给参与者606。在一些实施方案中，可以通过触摸事件(例如，轻击、轻扫、轻弹、保持等)进行选择。在一些实施方案中，可以通过鼠标事件进行选择(例如，悬停、点击、双击、拖动等)。在图6B所示的实施方案中，用户通过在示能表示610的位置处接触(例如，轻击)设备600的触敏显示器来选择示能表示610(表示“是”)。
转到图6C，响应于选择示能表示610，设备600将相应的预测性回复(“是”)插入到消息转录本602中。如图所示，回复“是”被插入区域612。设备600还可以将预测性回复发送给正在进行的会话的参与者，而不需要进一步的用户输入。这样，由于用户能够以相关方式做出响应，而不必手动打字输出回复，设备600允许其用户快速并且有意义地对参与者606做出响应。
在不同实施方案中，区域612可具有不同的视觉外观。在所示实施方案中，区域612显示为消息气泡。在这里使用的短语“消息气泡”符合其在本领域内的普通含义，指的是表示人会话的图形约定。会话气泡有时也被称为会话气球和对话气球。然而，示能表示612不必局限于会话气泡；在一些实施方案(未示出)中，区域612可以呈现几何形状，诸如具有圆角的矩形，或者可以呈现为纯文本而无几何边框。更一般来讲，在一些实施方案中，区域612可以是邻接显示区域，该区域不同于消息转录本602的背景。
预测性回复功能提供多种好处。在与消息会话的其他参与者进行会话时，预测性回复的使用降低了用户的认知和生理负担，从而提高了用户体验和效率。除了改善用户体验外，预测性回复还可以减少处理器和电池原本用于处理多个用户输入所耗费的能力，所述多个用户输入是输入响应消息时所需的输入。
然而，有时，对于传入消息，用户需要打字输出更详细的响应。为此，设备600提供虚拟键盘620。例如，响应于消息604(图6A)，用户可能希望说明，她可以逗留45分钟，这并非消息604所提示的半小时和整一小时。在提供预测性回复时，设备600还可以容纳键盘输入的附加输入模态。转到图6A，设备600可以同时显示虚拟键盘620和预测性回复。实际上，在图6A的示例中，用于调用预测性回复的区域608被显示为与虚拟键盘620邻接。因此，在以某一特定的方式握持设备600时，用户不仅能触及一种输入模态(例如，预测性回复)，而且还能接近另一种输入模态(例如，虚拟键盘620)，而不必重新改变设备的位置。然而，如本领域普通技术人员将理解的，本发明不限于将预测性回复模态放置在与虚拟键盘620邻接的位置，预测性回复模态可以位于屏幕上的任何地方。
为了在不同输入模态之间进一步提供无缝用户体验，在一些实施方案中，当用户开始使用虚拟键盘620打字时，设备600从先前提供预测性回复切换到提供自动纠正建议。再次参考图6A，通过图6D进一步描述了该方面。当用户通过选择键622(即“y”)开始打字时，设备600可停止显示预测性回复(例如，示能表示610,612和614)。相反，设备600可显示自动纠正示能表示624,626和628。在一些实施方案中，自动纠正示能表示624,626和628替代了区域608中的预测性回复示能表示610,612和614(图6A)。这些自动纠正示能表示可表示基于用户按键的建议。如图所示，响应于输入“y”，设备600提供“yes”、“yep”和“ur”作为自动纠正的建议。用户可选择自动纠正示能表示中的一种，以将相应的建议作为消息发送给正在进行的消息会话的参与者。这样，设备600允许用户在多个输入模态之间进行无缝转换，同时保留每个模态的有用特征。
图6E至图6G示出了在一些实施方案中，支持预测性回复的附加示例性用户界面。如图6E所示，电子设备600可显示消息转录本630。消息转录本可包括从参与者640接收的消息632。如上所述，设备600能够确定消息632包含询问，特别是关于用户在接下来半小时到1小时的去向问题。根据该确定，设备600分别显示包含预测性回复“现在不能聊天”、“否”和“是”的示能表示634,636和638。在所示示例中，在消息转录本630中水平地显示示能表示634,636和638。
图6F示出了一个实施方案，其中设备600在消息转录本648内以垂直排列方式显示预测性回复示能表示。如图所示，垂直显示预测性回复示能表示642,644和646。此外，如图所示，为了增加消息转录本648的显示空间，不显示虚拟键盘(例如，虚拟键盘620)。然而，当在消息输入字段650中接收到触摸事件或鼠标事件时，设备600可显示虚拟键盘。在一些实施方案中，当调用虚拟键盘时，设备600继续垂直地显示示能表示642,644和646。在一些实施方案中，如果用户调用虚拟键盘的显示，则设备600转换为在一行或多行水平地显示示能表示642,644和646。换句话说，如果用户调用虚拟键盘，设备600可以从图6F所示的用户界面转换为类似于用户界面屏幕630(图6E)的用户界面屏幕。
图6E和图6F所示的预测性回复示能表示634,636,638,642,644和646可供用户选择之用。当选择所显示的预测性回复示能表示时，其对应消息被插入到相关消息转录本中，并且该消息被发送给正在进行的消息会话的参与者。图6G和图6H示出了该方面。如图6G所示，设备600可根据传入消息632而显示预测性回复示能表示634,636和638。用户可选择表示消息“现在不能聊天”的示能表示634。转到图6H，响应于检测到示能表示634的用户选择，设备600可在消息转录本630中显示所选择的预测性回复。具体而言，消息“现在不能聊天”被插入到消息转录本654的消息气泡652中。
此外，如上文所讨论，当显示预测性回复示能表示634,636,638,642,644和/或646时，用户仍可使用虚拟键盘键入消息。图6I描述了该方面。如图6I所示，当用户开始在虚拟键盘640上打字时，设备600可停止显示预测性回复。任选地，该设备可显示自动纠正建议。将图6I与图6E相比较，当用户选择键622(即，“y”)时，从显示器去除示能表示634,636和638，同时变成显示自动纠正示能表示624,626和628。用户可选择自动纠正示能表示之一，以将对应消息插入到正在进行的消息转录本中。
用于表示预测性回复的示能表示的视觉外观在不同实施方案中可能有所不同。回到图6E和图6F，在例示的实施方案中，示能表示634,636,638,642,644和646具有带倒圆边缘的矩形形状。在一些实施方案中，示能表示可呈现消息气泡的视觉外观。在一些实施方案中，示能表示可呈现几何形状的视觉外观。在一些实施方案中，示能表示可为邻接区域，这些区域在视觉上不同于消息转录本的背景，背景是消息转录本的一部分。另外，在图6E和图6F的例示示例中，示能表示634,636,638,642,644和/或646具有虚线轮廓。虚线轮廓可用于强调虽然所显示的示能表示可供用户选择之用，但它们的内容尚未成为消息转录本的一部分。换句话讲，虚线轮廓可指示预测性回复可供选择之用，但尚未被发送给正在进行的会话中的其他参与者。
一旦选择示能表示，用于表示预测性回复的示能表示的视觉外观也可能改变。再次转到图6G和图6H，示能表示634(表示“现在不能聊天”的预测性回复)在用户选择之前具有矩形形状和虚线边缘。一旦选择，示能表示634的内容就显示在具有实线轮廓的消息气泡内。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可使用用于显示消息气泡的其他图形约定。例如，作为具有实线轮廓的消息气泡的替代，设备600可显示以与消息转录本654的背景不同的颜色填充的消息气泡(图6H)，从而避免了对在视觉上区分消息气泡的任何轮廓的需要。如上文所讨论，示能表示634不必限于消息气泡，而是也可具有其他形状。
前述示例描述了不同的用户界面，以便响应于示例性传入消息而提供一组特定的预测性回复。本文所述的技术不仅限于一组预测性响应。现在将注意力转到可提供其他预测性回复。在图6J中，设备600正在显示来自参与者662的消息660。如图所示，消息660提出问题“牛肉或鸡肉”？如前所述，设备600可确定消息660包含询问(至少基于消息中问号的使用)。此外，在解析消息660中，设备600可基于消息中出现字词“或”而识别该询问是包含备选选择的询问。在这种情况下，设备600可解析紧接字词“或”之前和之后的字词。正如应用于例示示例，设备600可解析字词“牛肉”和“鸡肉”，因为这些字词在消息660中出现在紧接“或”之前和之后。设备600可提供所解析的字词作为预测性回复。如图6J所示，设备600显示分别对应于“牛肉”和“鸡肉”的预测性回复示能表示664和666。任选地，当输入的问题是(正如这里的情况)建议备选回复的问题时，设备600可显示其他预测性回复，诸如“都不想要”、“都想要”和/或“无所谓”，因为这些回复通常可与具有备选回复的询问相关。在例示的示例中，示能表示668对应于“无所谓”的回复。
前述示例描述了仅使用文本字符提供的预测性回复。本文所述的技术不仅限于建议文本字符。相反，预测性回复可包含其他类型的所建议的字符，包括表情符号、示能表示(例如，图标)、图像和视频。从概念上讲，预测性回复可为任何类型的信息，只要该信息可作为消息传输即可。对于本公开的目的而言，术语“一个或多个字符”涵盖所有上述类型的信息(例如，文本、表情符号、示能表示(例如图标)、图像、视频)。
现在将注意力转到参考图6K-6N所述的这些备选类型的预测性回复。首先转到图6K，设备600可显示具有传入消息605,607和609的消息转录本603。根据传入消息605,607和609中一者或多者的内容，设备600可显示具有电话示能表示(例如，图标)的预测性回复示能表示611。如果用户选择示能表示611，则设备600可向参与者613发起电话呼叫。设备600可决定按两种方式中的至少一种显示示能表示611。在一些实施方案中，设备600可将最近接收到的消息609的内容(“我们能谈谈吗”)识别为来自参与者613的语音通信邀请。在一些实施方案中，设备600可识别参与者613已快速连续地发送了大量消息，因此语音通信可为适当的主动响应。所述大量可为预先确定的阈值，它在设备600上运行的软件内设定。这样，设备600允许用户通过打电话给消息发送者来对传入消息作出响应。
虽然图6K示出了设备600将语音通话示能表示显示为预测性回复的示例，但应当理解，其他通信方法也是可能的。在一些实施方案中，设备600可识别消息会话的参与者正在使用支持视频通话的电子设备(例如，由Apple Inc.(Cupertino,California)提供的
Figure BDA0001488128640000451
)。在这种情况下，设备600可显示用于调用视频通话的示能表示。在一些实施方案中，设备600可在确定预测性回复中另外考虑参与者是否正在通过具体基础结构发送消息。例如，设备600可在参与者未通过广域网或局域网连接时显示用于调用蜂窝呼叫的示能表示，但在其他情况下显示用于调用IP语音呼叫的示能表示。
转到图6L，设备600可显示具有传入消息617的消息转录本615。消息617包含参与者621关于John Doe电话号码的询问。根据消息617的该内容，设备600可确定其是否有权访问John Doe的联系信息。例如，设备600可能能够基于存储在设备600上或能够以其他方式存取(例如，通过云端)到设备600的联系信息来制作John Doe的电子名片。如果设备600能够做到这一点，则其可显示预测性回复示能表示623，以便将John Doe的电子名片(例如，vCard)发送给参与者621。此外，设备600可显示预测性回复示能表示619，以便将John Doe的电话号码发送给参与者621。如果用户选择示能表示623，则设备600可将vCard的表示插入到消息转录本615中，并且将对应的vCard信息发送给参与者621。如果用户选择示能表示623，则设备600可将电话号码555-1212插入到消息转录本615中，并且将该号码发送给参与者621。这样，设备600允许用户通过将电子名片信息提供给消息发送者来对传入消息作出响应。
转到图6M，设备600可显示具有传入消息625的消息转录本623。消息625可包含参与者629关于设备600的用户的位置的询问。根据消息625的该内容，设备600可确定其是否有权访问有关其自身行踪的位置信息。例如，设备600可从机载GPS模块136(图1A)获取GPS坐标信息。如果位置信息可用，则设备600可显示预测性回复示能表示627，以便将用户/设备的位置发送给参与者629。如果用户选择示能表示627，则设备600可将用户/设备的位置的表示(例如，地图图像)插入到消息转录本623中，并且将对应的位置信息发送给参与者629所使用的设备。这样，设备600允许用户通过将位置信息提供给消息发送者来对传入消息作出响应。
转到图6N，设备600可显示具有传入消息635的消息转录本631。消息635可为来自特定感兴趣的参与者641的消息。在一些实施方案中，感兴趣的参与者由设备600的用户(例如，用户收藏夹)指定。在一些实施方案中，感兴趣的参与者是设备600的用户发送最多消息的联系人。根据感兴趣的参与者641正发送的消息635，设备600可显示最可能与参与者641相关的预测性回复。在一些实施方案中，设备600将最频繁发送给参与者641的那些回复视为相关的。在一些实施方案中，设备600将最近发送给参与者641的那些回复视为相关的。在例示的实施方案中，设备600包括表情图标作为可能的预测性回复(例如，示能表示645)。如果用户选择所显示的示能表示645,637或639之一，则设备600可在消息转录本631中显示对应的回复，并且将对应的消息发送给感兴趣的参与者641。在一些实施方案中，设备600可对预测性回复进行排序，并且在具体的屏幕上位置中显示排序最高的回复(例如，如水平排列方式的中心示能表示(诸如图6A)，或如垂直排列方式的顶部示能表示(诸如图6F))。例如，设备600可确定短语“是的，亲爱的”是最频繁发送给参与者641的消息，因此将对应的示能表示637显示为区域643中的中间示能表示。
转到图6O，设备600可显示具有传入消息653的消息转录本651。消息653可包含参与者655关于John生日宴会时间的询问。根据消息653的该内容，设备600可确定其是否有权访问涉及John生日宴会的日程表条目。例如，设备600可能能够基于存储在设备600上或能够以其他方式存取(例如，通过云端)到设备600的日程表信息来制作名称为“John生日”的日程表邀请函。如果设备600能够做到这一点，则其可显示预测性回复示能表示659，以便将日程表事件的一份副本发送给参与者654。此外，设备600可能能够解析所获取的日程表信息，从而确定John宴会的开始时间是730pm。如果设备600能够做到这一点，则其可显示预测性回复示能表示657，以便将开始时间以文本的形式发送给参与者655。如果用户选择示能表示657或659，则可将对应信息(分别为“730pm”和日程表事件)发送给参与者655。设备600还可将所发送的信息的表示插入到消息转录本651中。
图16A-16H展示了示例性用户界面，这些用户界面支持除了传入消息之外还基于一些实施方案中所使用的用户响应的历史来提供个性化的预测性回复。图16A示出了电子设备1600。在一些实施方案中，电子设备600可以是设备100,300或500(图1A、图3和图5A)。在例示的示例中，电子设备1600是蜂窝电话。设备1600正在显示由即时消息软件应用程序提供的用户界面屏幕。用户界面屏幕包括消息转录本1602，显示设备1600的用户与一个或多个参与者(诸如参与者1606)之间的会话。消息转录本1602可包括从参与者1606(使用的设备)接收的消息1604。
消息1604的内容“你好吗？”是一个问题。设备1600能够通过例如识别消息开头出现的措辞“how(好吗)”和消息结尾处的问号来作出该确定，如下文所述。至少部分在此基础上，设备1600在区域1608水平地显示示能表示1610,1612和1614。示能表示1610,1612和1614表示设备1600预测的有助于用户对消息1604作出响应的回复。如图16A所示，用于对消息1604作出响应的建议的预测性回复包括“很好”、“不好”和“还行”。
有时用户可能希望输入建议的预测性回复之外的响应。例如，用户可能更喜欢在他或她的响应中使用“好极了”而非“很好”(由示能表示1610提供)。因此，用户输入响应“好极了”，而非选择建议的预测性回复“很好”。如在图16B中可以看出，用户开始通过在虚拟键盘1620上选择适当的键来键入“好极了”。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，用于输入文本字符串(诸如“好极了”)的其他方法是可接受的。
转到图16C，用户完成键入“好极了”，并且通过在与发送示能表示1615相对应的位置处接触(例如，轻击)设备1600的触敏显示器来发送该响应。响应于发送示能表示1615的选择，设备1600将消息(“好极了”)插入到消息转录本1602中的区域1616处。
当设备1600检测到用户已输入响应(“好极了”)而非选择建议的预测性回复之一(“很好”、“不好”、“还行”)来对消息1604作出响应时，设备1600可跟踪用户输入的响应的使用历史。用户先前输入的响应的使用历史可包括当区域1608(图6A)中提供的建议的预测性回复至少一者(诸如“很好”)显示时设备1600检测到该响应(例如，“好极了”)的次数。在一些实施方案中，先前输入的响应的该使用历史用于调节(例如，个性化)建议的预测性回复，以便对未来传入消息作出响应。
转到图16D，设备1600从参与者1606接收第二消息。设备1600显示消息1622作为消息转录本1602的一部分。消息1622的内容“早餐听起来怎样？”也是一个问题。至少在此基础上，设备1600横跨区域1608显示表示预测性回复的示能表示1610,1612和1614。
为了作出这些建议的预测性回复，设备1600除了检查如上所讨论的消息的内容之外，还可能评估先前用户输入的响应(诸如“好极了”)的使用历史。在一些实施方案中，在评估消息1622以识别可能的预测性回复诸如“很好”、“不好”和“还行”之后，设备1600还确定是否在“很好”、“不好”或“还行”至少一者显示时频繁使用了任何用户输入的响应。换句话说，设备1600设法确定用户是否频繁使用“很好”、“不好”或“还行”的建议响应之外的响应。如果先前输入的响应的使用超过阈值，则设备1600对其建议的预测性回复进行个性化，以便在未来对诸如1622的消息作出响应。如果未超过该阈值，则设备1600继续进行这样的理解：对于如1622的消息而言，“很好”、“不好”或“还行”仍与用户相关。
在图16D的示例中，响应于接收到消息1622，设备1600将“很好”、“不好”和“还行”预测为消息1622的可能回复。此外，设备1600评估用户输入的响应“好极了”的使用(如图16A-16C所示)尚未超过阈值，没有必要将“好极了”包括在区域1608中作为消息1622的预测回复。因此，在图16D中，示能表示1610,1612和1614表示包括“很好”、“不好”和“还行”，这与设备1600在对早前消息1604(“你好吗？”)作出响应时所提供的建议的预测性回复相同。
转到图16E和图16F，响应于消息1622，用户再次通过在虚拟键盘1620上键入并选择发送示能表示1615来提供“好极了”的响应，即使容易通过在示能表示1610上单次触摸来提供“很好”的类似回复。
如前所述，设备1600可检测到用户已再次输入响应(“好极了”)而非选择建议的预测性回复之一(“很好”、“不好”、“还行”)。在一些实施方案中，设备1600更新其使用历史记录，以便指示当区域1608(图6D)中提供的建议的预测性回复至少一者(诸如“很好”)显示时设备1600检测到该响应(例如，“好极了”)的次数。
转到图16G，设备1600从参与者1606接收第三消息。设备1600在消息转录本1602中显示消息1626。消息1626的内容“你胃口怎样？”也是一个问题。至少在此基础上，设备1600显示示能表示1610,1612和1614，它们表示设备1600预测的有助于用户对消息1626作出响应的回复。
值得注意的是，对设备1600响应于消息1626而提供的建议的预测回复进行个性化，以反映用户响应于消息而对字词“好极了”的频繁使用，在这种情况下，设备曾建议字词“很好”作为预测回复。在一些实施方案中，当设备1600认识到其以往曾提供“很好”、“不好”和“还行”作为建议的预测性回复，但其用户频繁选择输入另一种响应(例如，“好极了”)而不顾及这些建议时，则会发生建议的预测性回复的这种更新。由于识别了这种使用模式，设备1600响应于消息1626而显示“好极了”、“不好”和“还行”作为建议的预测性回复，具体方式为将默认建议“很好”替换为频繁输入的响应“好极了”。这样，设备1600基于用户输入的响应的历史来对建议的预测性回复进行个性化。
设备1600的用户可选择在区域1608中显示的示能表示之一，以将对应的预测性回复发送给参与者1606。在一些实施方案中，通过触摸事件(例如，轻击、轻扫、轻弹、保持等)进行选择。在一些实施方案中，通过鼠标事件(例如，悬停、点击、双击、拖动等)进行选择。在图16H所示的示例中，用户通过在设备1600的触敏显示器上触摸示能表示来选择示能表示1610(表示“好极了”)。这样，由于用户能够根据需要作出响应，而不必手动打字输出所需回复，设备1600允许其用户快速并且有意义地对参与者1606作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，先前用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)是否应替换基于传入消息来预测的回复(例如，“很好”)的确定尤其考虑了诸如用户输入的响应的使用频率，以及用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)是否与预测回复(例如，“很好”)同义。如果设备1600确定先前用户输入的响应与特定预测回复同义，并且先前用户输入的响应的使用已超过阈值，则该设备将用户输入的响应显示为建议的预测性回复(如图16G中包括“好极了”可以看出)。如果另一方面，设备1600确定先前用户输入的响应不与任何预测回复同义，则设备1600放弃对建议的预测性回复进行个性化，而是相反依赖于如基于传入消息的内容来初始确定的“很好”、“不好”和“还行”。
在一些实施方案中，设备1600通过对在建议的同义预测性回复(例如，“很好”)显示时检测到用户输入的响应的次数进行计数，来跟踪先前用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)的使用。例如，在确定用户输入的响应“好极了”与建议的预测性回复“很好”同义时，设备1600对在“很好”显示为建议的预测性回复时用户输入“好极了”的次数进行计数。
在一些实施方案中，在确定用户输入的响应与特定预测回复(基于传入消息来预测)同义并且用户输入的响应的使用已超过阈值时，设备1600提供用户输入的响应代替特定预测回复。在上文提供的示例中，设备1600将“很好”替换为“好极了”作为建议的预测性回复。换句话讲，设备1600将“好极了”、“不好”和“还行”显示为建议的预测性回复。
在一些实施方案中，设备1600识别具有最高使用率的用户输入的响应，以便包括在其对建议的预测性回复的呈现中。例如，如果在预测到回复“很好”时用户频繁输入“好极了”并且偶尔输入“棒极了”，从而使“好极了”和“棒极了”两者成为代替“很好”的可能个性化建议，则设备1600可基于在设备接收到消息且“很好”被预测为该消息的可能回复时“好极了”的选择频率仍然高于“棒极了”，来显示“好极了”而非“棒极了”。
在一些实施方案中，设备1600通过确定用户输入的响应是否在与特定预测回复相关联的预定义的同义字词列表中，来确定用户输入的响应是否与特定预测回复同义。例如，设备1600可访问与预测回复“很好”相关联的预定义的同义字词列表。为了确定用户输入的响应“好极了”是否与“很好”同义，设备1600评估“好极了”是否在预定义的列表中。在一些实施方案中，基于用户如何以感兴趣的语言开展会话的语料库来创建预定义的列表。下文针对图18讨论了如何创建这种预定义的列表的示例。在一些实施方案中，从权威性典籍(诸如同义词库)获取预定义的列表。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，该设备可考虑与感兴趣的不同语言相对应的多个预定义的列表，或者该预定义的列表可被布置成涵盖多种感兴趣的语言。
在一些实施方案中，先前用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)是否应替换基于传入消息来预测的回复(例如，“很好”)的确定考虑了用户输入的响应被检测为对特定消息类别的消息的响应的次数。例如，为了提供建议的预测性回复以便对消息“你今天感觉怎样？”作出响应，设备1600确定所接收到的消息属于QueryEvaluation的消息类别，并且继续通过对“好极了”用作对QueryEvalution消息的响应的次数进行计数来确定用户输入的响应“好极了”的使用。下文描述了在各种实施方案中用于识别消息类别的技术。
在一些实施方案中，先前用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)是否应替换基于传入消息来预测的回复(例如，“很好”)的确定考虑了特定消息的发送者的身份。例如，设备1600可通过对用户输入的响应用作对发送者的响应的次数进行计数来确定用户输入的响应的使用。例如，当确定建议的预测性回复以便对来自参与者1606(“Eliza”)的消息作出响应时，设备1600可对用户输入的响应“好极了”用于对来自Eliza的消息作出响应的次数进行计数，并且确定“好极了”的使用是否超过阈值，由此作为建议的预测性回复提供，以便对来自参与者1606的当前消息作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，先前用户输入的响应(例如，“好极了”)是否应替换基于传入消息来预测的回复(例如，“很好”)的确定考虑了设备1600的位置。例如，若在接收到特定消息时设备1600处于特定位置，设备1600可通过对用户输入的响应用作设备1600处于特定位置时的响应的次数进行计数来确定用户输入的响应的使用，并且基于该位置处的使用来确定对特定消息的建议的预测性回复。在一些实施方案中，在显示特定消息时设备1600的位置用于代替在接收到消息时设备1600的位置。
图16I-16O示出了在一些实施方案中提供的示例性用户界面，这些用户界面展示了基于用户的演变字词选择来对个性化的预测性回复进行的更新。转到图16I，设备1600显示所接收到的消息1626(“你觉得在附近就餐怎样？”)。设备1600还显示示能表示1610,1612和1614，它们表示响应于传入消息1626的建议的预测性回复“好极了”、“不好”和“还行”。建议的预测性回复“好极了”使用上文针对图16A-16H所讨论的技术，基于用户响应的历史对“很好”进行了个性化。
图16J和图16K展示了用户优选表述的改变，特别是因为用户可被视为响应于消息1630而输入“超级好”而不是用“好极了”作出响应。与图16A-16H的讨论一致，设备1600保留用户已输入“超级好”的使用历史，即使显示了建议的预测性回复(例如，个性化的预测回复“好极了”)。
转到图16L，设备1600从参与者1606接收另一个消息1634，并且在消息转录本1602中显示该消息。设备1600显示示能表示1610,1612和1614，它们基于自此刻起用户的使用历史来表示如前所述的建议的预测性回复“好极了”、“不好”和“还行”。
应当注意，为了作出这些回复，设备1600评估与预测回复同义的多个先前用户输入的响应的使用历史。换言之，设备1600跟踪其理解为与“很好”同义的“好极了”和“超级好”的用户输入频率，而不管同义预测性回复(例如，“很好”或“好极了”)在区域1608中呈现与否。
转到图16M，虽然设备1600建议预测性回复“好极了”、“不好”和“还行”以便对消息1634作出响应，但用户再次通过在虚拟键盘1620上键入来选择输入“超级好”作为对消息1634所提问题的响应，使得消息1636被添加到消息转录本1602。
图16N示出了设备1600可识别在表述方式上用户对“超级好”的演变偏好而非“好极了”，并且相应地更新其对预测回复的个性化。可以看出，当设备1600接收新传入消息1638(其类似于消息1626和1634，也包含一个问题)并将该新传入消息放入消息转录本1602中时，该设备当前呈现“超级好”代替“好极了”作为个性化的预测性回复。因此用户可通过选择表示更新的、个性化的预测性回复“超级好”的示能表示1610来对消息1638作出响应。这样，设备1600基于其用户在表述方面的演变字词选择来更新其对预测性回复的个性化，从而继续减少用户手动打字输出全部消息的需要。
在一些实施方案中，设备1600显示响应于特定输入的附加预测性回复。针对图16O和图16P讨论这一方面。例如，图16O示出了设备1600对示能表示1610的位置处强有力的触摸输入作出响应。响应于该强有力的触摸输入，设备1600展现附加示能表示1640和1642，它们表示可选择来包括在消息转录本1602中的预测性回复。换言之，响应于示能表示1610的位置处超过阈值特征强度的触摸输入，设备1600显示附加示能表示1640和1642，它们表示可用于对消息1636作出响应的附加预测性回复。
作为另一个示例，设备1600响应于示能表示1610上持续时间长于预先确定的阈值间隔的选择(例如，触摸)而展现附加示能表示1640和1642。换言之，响应于示能表示1610的位置处超过阈值持续时间的长持续时间的触摸，设备1600显示附加示能表示1640和1642，它们表示可用于对消息1636作出响应的附加预测性回复。
作为另一个示例，图16P示出了设备1600对区域1608处的滚动输入作出响应。响应于向左滚动输入，区域1608中所示的示能表示移动以展现表示另一个预测性回复的附加示能表示1650。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在垂直布置表示预测性回复的示能表示(1610,1612和1614)的实施方案中，可通过垂直轻扫来展现这些附加示能表示。
在一些实施方案中，设备1600将频繁输入的响应添加到其对建议的预测回复的显示中，而不论频繁输入的响应是否与基于传入消息来预测的回复同义。例如，设备1600可确定短语“LOL”是用户最频繁输入的响应。因此，每当将建议的预测性回复提供给用户时，设备1600都可将“LOL”添加到建议的预测性回复。在另一个示例中，当接收到特定类别的传入消息(例如，问题)时，设备1600将“LOL”添加到建议的预测性回复。如图16P所示，设备1600可在区域1608中显示表示建议的预测性回复“LOL”的示能表示1650，即便“LOL”未被确定为与任何其他建议的预测性回复同义。
在一些实施方案中，个性化的预测性回复包括诸如表情符号之类的字符以及图像和视频的表示。参考图17A-17E讨论这一方面。图17A示出了电子设备1700，其在各种实施方案中是设备100,300或500(图1A、图3和图5A)。在例示的示例中，电子设备1700是蜂窝电话。设备1700正在显示由即时消息应用程序提供的、具有消息转录本1702的用户界面。转录本1702示出了设备1700的用户与一个或多个参与者(诸如参与者1706)之间的会话。消息转录本1702包括来自参与者1706的传入消息1704。消息1704包含“你好吗？”问题。至少部分地基于此内容，设备1700显示由区域1708中的对应示能表示1710,1712和1714表示的预测性回复“很好”、“不好”和“还行”，以便对消息1704作出响应。
转到图17B，并非通过选择所显示的预测性回复之一来对消息1704作出响应，设备1704的用户使用虚拟键盘1720输入描绘悲伤神情的表情字符1716。
转到图17C，设备1700将第二传入消息1724接收到消息转录本1702中，该第二传入消息也包含一个问题。至少部分地基于消息1724的内容，设备1700再次在区域1708中显示预测性回复“很好”、“不好”和“还行”，以便对该消息作出响应。
转到图17D，并非通过选择所显示的预测性回复之一来对消息1724作出响应，设备1704的用户再次使用虚拟键盘1720输入相同悲伤神情的表情字符1716，该表情字符先前也在响应于传入消息1704时输入。
应当注意，设备1700跟踪在已显示供用户选择的预测回复的情况下响应于传入消息而对表情字符1716的手动输入。更具体而言，在图17A-17D的示例中，设备1700跟踪即使当显示供用户选择的同义预测性回复“不好”(设备1700将其视为与悲伤神情的表情符号1716同义)时，用户也输入了表情字符1716。
转到图17E，设备1700将来自参与者1706的第三消息1724接收到消息转录本1702中。至少部分地基于消息1724的内容，设备1700初始确定预测性回复“很好”、“不好”和“还行”可能是适当的建议。此外，至少部分地基于在已建议预测性回复“不好”时用户输入悲伤神情的表情字符1716的历史，设备1700对预测性回复的呈现进行个性化，使得悲伤神情的表情字符1716出现于区域1708中代替字词“不好”。
本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，诸如GIF或JPEG图像之类的图像可在针对图17A-17E讨论的示例中替换表情字符1716。
同义响应的确定
如上文参考图16和图17所讨论，用于对预测性回复进行个性化的技术考虑了用户手动输入的响应是否与设备预测的回复同义，目标是如果用户频繁输入的响应与设备预测的回复不同但又同义，则应当对设备对预测回复的呈现进行个性化，以包括那些先前频繁输入的响应。
在一些实施方案中，使用预先确定的同义字符列表来确定用户输入的响应是否与设备预测的回复同义。例如，设备可通过以下方式确定用户输入的“好极了”是否被视为与设备的“很好”预测回复同义：根据同义词列表来确定这两者是否彼此相关联。
在一些实施方案中，使用机器学习方法创建同义字符列表。作为初始步骤，从会话媒体获取包括感兴趣的语言的会话的数据集。在一些示例中，媒体是诸如推特、微博等的消息服务。在一些示例中，数据集的大小具有太字节或拍字节的数量级。
从大数据集中识别最频繁出现的n连字串(n-gram)以便进行附加处理。在一些示例中，识别n范围为1至4的n连字串。在一些示例中，用于确定特定n连字串是否被视为频繁出现的阈值基于数据大小和实际频率分布来设定。频繁出现的n连字串的处理涉及将项目复合在那些n连字串中，这意味着例如“super duper(超级好)”转换成“super_duper(超级_好)”。
使用转换的数据集训练向量空间模型。基于数据集中复合的n连字串的使用，向量空间模型可使用距离度量来识别接近感兴趣的给定预测性回复(例如，好)的K个近邻。换言之，经过训练的向量空间模型可识别在数据集中表示的许多会话之中已与字词“很好”相似地使用的诸如“好极了”、“妙极了”、“棒极了”等字词，其中相似性的概念通过在机器学习上下文中使用指定的距离度量来控制。在一些实施方案中，该距离度量是余弦距离度量。
可参考图18直观表示使用向量空间模型导出复合的n连字串之间的关系，其中经过训练的向量空间模型直观表示为已基于其在基础数据集的使用来将n连字串布置(转换)成群集。具体地讲，指定距离度量的含义内相邻的经转换的n连字串被视为属于群集。例如，群集1812包括在消息的基础数据集中相似地使用的n连字串。在一些实施方案中，出现于群集1812中的n连字串则被视为彼此同义，从而产生同义词列表1830。例如，字词“很好”与“好极了”、“棒极了”、“超级好”等等相关联，因为它们在列表1812中是同义的。如上文参考图16和图17所讨论，“很好”与诸如“好极了”和“超级好”的字词同义的理解可用于提供个性化的预测回复，以便对电子设备上的消息作出响应。
由确定同义响应(例如，一个或多个字符)的该技术提供的一个益处是何为同义的概念会跟踪在实践中对响应的实际使用。由该技术提供的另一个益处是该技术可应用于各种感兴趣的语言，从而获得各种语言的同义词。由该技术提供的另一个益处是可审阅同义词列表以删减不适当的表述，使得电子设备避免将不适当的表述呈现为个性化的预测回复。
示例性过程
图7是示出了用于提供预测性回复的过程700的流程图。过程700可在具有显示器和触敏表面的电子设备如设备100,300和500(图1A、图3和图5A)处执行。在框702处，该设备显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息。在框704处，该设备至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定多个建议的一个或多个字符。这些建议的一个或多个字符可从例如上文参考图6A-6O讨论的预测性回复的示例得出。在框706处，该设备在其触敏显示器上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。该显示可例如从上文参考图6A、图6E和图6F所述的用户界面布局的示例得出。在框708处，该设备检测触敏显示器上的输入。在框710处，该设备确定该输入是否表示对多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个的用户选择。在框710处，该设备根据确定该输入表示对多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个的用户选择，而在消息转录本中显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的所选择的一个。
图8是示出了用于提供预测性回复的过程800的流程图。过程800可在具有显示器和触敏表面的电子设备如设备100,300和500(图1A、图3和图5A)处执行。在框802处，该设备在显示器的第一区域中显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息。在框804处，该设备在显示器的第二区域中显示虚拟键盘，该虚拟键盘包括多个字符键。在框806处，该设备在显示器的第三区域中显示多个建议的一个或多个字符，所述多个建议的字符至少部分地基于从第一用户接收的所述至少一个消息的内容来确定。在一些实施方案中，在与第一区域和第二区域之一邻接的位置显示第三区域。在一些实施方案中，在与第一区域和第二区域邻接的位置显示第三区域。在框808处，任选地，该设备检测这样的输入，该输入表示对来自所显示的多个一个或多个字符中的建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择。在框810处，任选地，响应于检测到该输入，该设备将所选择的建议的一个或多个字符显示于消息转录本中的第一区域。
图9是示出了用于提供预测性回复的过程900的流程图。过程900可在具有显示器和触敏表面的电子设备如设备100,300和500(图1A、图3和图5A)处执行。在框902处，该设备显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息。在框904处，该设备至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定多个建议的一个或多个字符。在框906处，该设备在触敏显示器上的第一区域中显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的第一建议的一个或多个字符。该区域可为在视觉上与消息转录本的背景区分开的邻接区域。在框908处，任选地，该设备检测表示所显示的文本输入区域上的接触的输入，并且响应于检测到该输入而显示虚拟键盘。所显示的虚拟键盘可包括多个字符键。在框910处，任选地，该设备检测表示虚拟键盘上的一个或多个接触的键盘输入，并且响应于检测到该键盘输入，该设备停止显示第一建议的一个或多个字符。
图10是示出了用于提供预测性回复的过程1000的流程图。可在具有显示器和触敏表面的电子设备如设备100(图1)、设备300(图3)和设备500(图5A)处执行过程1000。在框1002处，该设备显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息。在框1004处，该设备至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定多个建议的一个或多个字符。在框1006处，该设备在消息转录本的底部显示第一示能表示，其表示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的第一建议的一个或多个字符。在框1008处，任选地，该设备检测表示第一示能表示的用户选择的输入，并且响应于检测到该输入而将第一建议的响应发送给第一用户。在框1010处，任选地，响应于检测到该输入，该设备在消息转录本中显示第一建议的一个或多个字符。
应当理解，对图7-10中的操作进行描述的特定顺序仅仅是示例性的，并非意图表明所描述的顺序是可执行这些操作的唯一顺序。本领域的普通技术人员会想到多种方式来对本文所述的操作进行重新排序。此外，应当注意，过程700-1000可另外合并大致针对图6A-6J所述的功能，从而产生新的过程和用户界面。例如，针对图6A和图6D所述的预测性回复和自动纠正建议的显示的切换例如可合并到过程700-1000(图7-10)中。同样，针对图6E-6O所述的名片信息和日程表信息的发送也可合并到过程700-1000(图7-10)中。此外，可以横跨图6A、图6E和图6F中所述的每个用户界面实现电话示能表示的显示。为了简明起见，这里不再赘述这些细节。
上述技术的一个共同方面是设备需要处理传入消息以识别该消息的预测性回复。在一些实施方案中，该处理需要两个步骤：首先，该设备解析传入消息并且将消息类别分配给消息的内容；其次，该设备基于消息类别对对应的预测性回复执行查找，并且基于该传入消息的内容来编写预测性回复的适当集合。
可使用基于规则的引擎来执行将消息分配给消息类别的第一步骤。在一些实施方案中，基于规则的引擎可基于(至少部分地)消息中一个或多个字词的出现来分配消息类别。如上文所讨论，这些字词的示例包括“are you(你会)”和“or(或)”。在一些实施方案中，基于规则的引擎可基于(至少部分地)消息中使用的标点符号的出现来分配消息类别。如上文所讨论，这些标点符号的示例包括问号的使用。在一些实施方案中，基于规则的引擎可基于(至少部分地)消息中尊称的使用来分配消息类别。这些尊称的示例包括在消息中使用诸如“桑”之类的后缀。更一般来讲，在一些实施方案中，识别相关语言标记(诸如助词和疑问代词)的基于规则的引擎可用于确定消息类别。在一些实施方案中，可使用识别句法结构(诸如动词谓语倒装)的基于规则的引擎。下表1列出了消息的示例性类别。
Figure BDA0001488128640000591
(表1.)
一旦已识别消息类别，该设备就可查找该特定类别的可能预测性回复。下表2列出了预测性回复与消息类别的示例性映射。
Figure BDA0001488128640000601
(表2)
图19A-19C描绘了流程图，该流程图示出了在一些实施方案中用于提供个性化的预测性回复的过程1900。过程1900可在具有显示器和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备如设备100,300和500(图1A、图3和图5A)处执行。在框1902处，该设备在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息。在框1920处，该设备至少部分地基于该消息来确定多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应。在框1906处，该设备确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中先前输入的一个或多个字符(i)不是所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个，并且(ii)当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到。在一些实施方案中，在可选的框1908处，该设备确定先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中特定建议的一个或多个字符同义。在一些实施方案中，在可选的框1910处，该设备确定先前输入的一个或多个字符是否处于与特定建议的一个或多个字符相关联的预定义的多个同义字词中。在一些实施方案中，在可选的框1912处，该设备获得包含对对应消息的响应的文本；使用向量空间模型，基于距离度量将这些响应布置成多个群集，其中一个群集的响应处于距彼此的距离内；并且基于响应的所述多个群集中的一个群集来创建预定义的多个同义字词。在一些实施方案中，在可选的框1914处，通过对在显示特定建议的一个或多个字符时检测到先前输入的一个或多个字符的次数进行计数来确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用。
在一些实施方案中，在框1916处，根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，该设备将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应；并且在框1920处，根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，该设备显示所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，在框1918处，根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值以及确定先前输入的一个或多个字符是同义的，该设备将先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应；并且在框1922处，根据确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值或确定先前输入的一个或多个字符不是同义的，该设备显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对第二消息作出响应。
图20描绘了流程图，该流程图示出了在一些实施方案中用于提供个性化的预测性回复的过程2000。过程2000可在具有显示器和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备如设备100,300和500(图1A、图3和图5A)处执行。在框2002处，该设备在显示屏上显示消息转录本，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息。在框2004处，该设备至少部分地基于第一消息来确定多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对第一消息作出响应。在框2006处，该设备在显示屏上显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。在框2008处，该设备利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备来检测表示对第一消息的响应的输入，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个。在框2010处，该设备确定该响应的使用是否超过阈值。在框2012处，该设备将第二消息接收到消息转录本中。在框2014处，响应于接收到第二消息，该设备：(i)根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，将该响应显示为建议的一个或多个字符，以便对第二消息作出响应；并且(ii)根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对第二消息作出响应。
应当理解，对图19和图20中的操作进行描述的特定顺序仅仅是示例性的，并非意图表明所描述的顺序是可执行这些操作的唯一顺序。本领域的普通技术人员会想到多种方式来对本文所述的操作进行重新排序。此外，应当注意，过程1900-2000可另外合并大致针对图6A-6O、图16A-16P、图17A-17E和图18所述的功能，从而产生新的过程和用户界面。例如，针对图18所述的先前输入的响应是否与预测回复同义的确定可合并到过程1900和2000中。同样，针对图6E-6O所述的名片信息和日程表信息的发送也可合并到过程1900-2000(图19-20)中。为了简明起见，这里不再赘述这些细节。
根据一些实施方案，图11示出根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备1100的功能框图。该设备的功能块任选地由执行各种所述实施方案的原理的硬件、软件或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图11中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以便实现各种所述实施方案的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图11所示，电子设备1100包括被配置为显示各种图形对象(包括消息和预测性回复信息)的显示单元1102；被配置为接收用户输入的触敏表面单元1104；被配置为与其他电子设备通信的RF单元1106；以及耦接到上述单元的处理单元1108。在一些实施方案中，处理单元1108包括消息解析单元1110，该消息解析单元读取传入消息以识别例如传入消息的类别。处理单元1108还可包括预测性回复确定单元1112，该预测性回复确定单元被配置为基于解析单元的结果来提供预测性回复。
根据一些实施方案，图12示出了根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备1200的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备1200的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备1200的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图12中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以便实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图12所示，电子设备1200包括被配置为显示图形用户界面并接收接触的触敏显示器单元1202，以及耦接到触敏显示器单元1202的处理单元1204。在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204包括显示启用单元1206、确定单元1208、检测单元1210、发送单元1212、显示停止单元1214、识别单元1216、获取单元1218、计数单元1220和排序单元1222。
处理单元1204被配置为：启用对消息转录本的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息。处理单元1204被进一步配置为至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)多个建议的一个或多个字符。处理单元1204被进一步配置为在触敏显示器单元1202上启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)。处理单元1204被进一步配置为检测(例如，使用检测单元1210)触敏显示器单元上的输入。处理单元1204被进一步配置为确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)该输入是否表示对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个的用户选择。处理单元1204被进一步配置为根据确定该输入表示对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个的用户选择，在消息转录本中启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的所选择的一个的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1210)触敏显示器单元上的第二输入，该第二输入表示对确认示能表示的用户选择，并且响应于检测到第二输入，将所选择的一个或多个字符发送(例如，使用发送单元1212)给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，启用对虚拟键盘的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)，该虚拟键盘包括多个字符键；检测(例如，使用检测单元1210)表示虚拟键盘上的一个或多个接触的键盘输入；响应于检测到该键盘输入：停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1214)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；并且基于该键盘输入来启用自动纠正信息在第三区域中的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的至少一个字词来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1216)所述至少一个消息中字词“或”的使用；识别(例如，使用识别单元1216)出现在紧接字词“或”之前的前一字词；并且识别(例如，使用识别单元1216)出现在紧接字词“或”之后的后一字词，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用对至少前一字词和后一字词的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的标点符号来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述至少一个消息是否包含疑问句；并且根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，启用对作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分的至少“是”和“否”的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的身份来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1216)向第一用户最频繁发送的消息，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)包括启用对最频繁发送的消息的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1216)向第一用户最近发送的消息，并且其中启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)包括启用对最近发送的消息中的至少一个的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的位置来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)电子设备的位置，并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便将位置作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：基于存储在电子设备中的至少一个日程表条目来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：基于从第一用户接收的消息来获取(例如，使用获取单元1218)日程表条目；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便将所获取的日程表条目的至少一部分作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：至少基于所述至少一个消息中使用的尊称来确定(例如，使用确定单元1208)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：获取(例如，使用获取单元1218)存储在电子设备上的多个联系人姓名；检测(例如，使用检测单元1210)所述多个联系人姓名中的一个联系人姓名在所述至少一个消息中的使用；获取(例如，使用获取单元1218)与所使用的联系人姓名相对应的联系信息；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便将所获取的联系信息的至少一部分作为消息发送给第二用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便呼叫与所获取的联系信息相关联的电话号码。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1220)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便呼叫第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1220)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)以便与第一用户进行视频会议。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1204被进一步配置为：对建议的一个或多个字符进行排序(例如，使用排序单元1222)；并且启用对排序最高的字符在所显示的建议的一个或多个字符之中的最中心位置中的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1206)。
在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符由第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语组成。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括至少一个表情符号。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一个消息是从第一用户最近接收到的消息。
以上参考图7描述的操作任选地由图1A-图1B或图12中描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作702、确定操作704和检测操作708可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177来更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
根据一些实施方案，图13示出了根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备1300的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备1300的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备1300的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图13中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图13所示，电子设备1300包括被配置为显示对象并接收接触的触敏显示器单元1302，以及耦接到触敏显示器单元1302的处理单元1304。在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304包括显示启用单元1306、确定单元1308、检测单元1310、发送单元1312、显示停止单元1314、识别单元1316、获取单元1318、计数单元1320和排序单元1322。
处理单元1304被配置为：显示启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对消息转录本的显示，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息；启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对虚拟键盘在显示器的第二区域中的显示，该虚拟键盘包括多个字符键；并且启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对多个建议的一个或多个字符在显示器的第三区域中的显示，所述多个建议的字符至少部分地基于从第一用户接收的所述至少一个消息的内容来确定。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对与第一区域和第二区域中的至少一者邻接的第三区域的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对与第一区域和第二区域邻接的第三区域的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1310)输入，该输入表示对来自所显示的多个一个或多个字符中的建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入，在消息转录本中启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对所选择的建议的一个或多个字符的第一区域的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1310)第二输入，该第二输入表示对确认示能表示的用户选择；并且响应于检测到第二输入，将所选择的建议的一个或多个字符发送(例如，使用发送单元1312)给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1310)表示虚拟键盘上的一个或多个接触的键盘输入；响应于检测到该键盘输入：停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1314)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符；并且基于该键盘输入来启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)自动纠正信息在第三区域中的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的至少一个字词来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1316)所述至少一个消息中字词“或”的使用；识别(例如，使用识别单元1316)出现在紧接字词“或”之前的前一字词；并且识别(例如，使用识别单元1316)出现在紧接字词“或”之后的后一字词，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用对至少前一字词和后一字词的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的标点符号来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述至少一个消息是否包含疑问句；并且根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分的至少“是”和“否”的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的身份来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1316)向第一用户最频繁发送的消息，其中：显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括显示最频繁发送的消息。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1316)向第一用户最近发送的消息，并且其中：显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括显示最近发送的消息中的至少一个。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的位置来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)电子设备的位置，并且启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对示能表示的显示以便将位置作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：基于存储在电子设备中的至少一个日程表条目来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：基于从第一用户接收的消息来获取(例如，使用确定单元1318)日程表条目；并且启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对示能表示的显示以便将所获取的日程表条目的至少一部分作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：至少基于所述至少一个消息中使用的尊称来确定(例如，使用确定单元1308)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：获取(例如，使用确定单元1318)存储在电子设备上的多个联系人姓名；检测(例如，使用检测单元1310)所述多个联系人姓名中的一个联系人姓名在所述至少一个消息中的使用；获取(例如，使用确定单元1318)与所使用的联系人姓名相对应的联系信息；并且启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对示能表示的显示以便将所获取的联系信息的至少一部分作为消息发送给第二用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对示能表示的显示以便呼叫与所获取的联系信息相关联的电话号码。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1320)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)示能表示的显示以便呼叫第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1320)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)示能表示的显示以便与第一用户进行视频会议。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1304被进一步配置为：对建议的一个或多个字符进行排序(例如，使用排序单元1322)；并且在所显示的建议的一个或多个字符之中的最中心位置中启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1306)对排序最高的字符的显示。
在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符由第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语组成。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括至少一个表情符号。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一个消息是从第一用户最近接收到的消息。
以上参考图8描述的操作任选地由图1A-图1B或图13中描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作802和检测操作808可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177来更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
根据一些实施方案，图14示出了根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备1400的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备1400的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备1400的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图14中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图14所示，电子设备1400包括被配置为显示对象并接收接触的触敏显示器单元1402，以及耦接到触敏显示器单元1402的处理单元1404。在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404包括显示启用单元1406、确定单元1408、检测单元1410、发送单元1412、显示停止单元1414、识别单元1416、获取单元1418、计数单元1420、排序单元1422和显示替换单元1424。
处理单元1404被配置为：启用对消息转录本的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息；至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)多个建议的一个或多个字符；并且在触敏显示器单元上的第一区域中启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的第一建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)，其中第一区域是在视觉上与消息转录本的背景区分开的邻接区域。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)输入，该输入表示第一建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入，将建议的响应发送(例如，使用发送单元1412)给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：启用对文本输入区域的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)；检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)表示文本输入区域上的接触的输入；并且响应于检测到该输入，启用对虚拟键盘的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)，该虚拟键盘包括多个字符键。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)表示虚拟键盘上的一个或多个接触的键盘输入；并且响应于检测到该键盘输入而停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1414)第一建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：启用对基于键盘输入的自动纠正信息的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：响应于检测到该输入而停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1414)第一建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，第一区域具有虚线轮廓。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)输入，该输入表示第一建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入，将第一区域的虚线轮廓替换(例如，使用显示替换单元1424)为实线轮廓。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：在触敏显示器单元上的第二区域中启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的第二建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)，其中第二区域是在视觉上与消息转录本的背景及第一区域区分开的邻接区域；检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)输入，该输入表示第一建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入，停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1414)第二区域和第二建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，第一区域是消息气泡。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的至少一个字词来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1416)所述至少一个消息中字词“或”的使用；识别(例如，使用识别单元1416)出现在紧接字词“或”之前的前一字词；并且识别(例如，使用识别单元1416)出现在紧接字词“或”之后的后一字词，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用对至少前一字词和后一字词的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的标点符号来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述至少一个消息是否包含疑问句；并且根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，启用对作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分的至少“是”和“否”的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的身份来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1416)向第一用户最频繁发送的消息，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用最频繁发送的消息的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1416)向第一用户最近发送的消息，并且其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用最近发送的消息中的至少一个的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的位置来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)电子设备的位置，并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便将位置作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：基于存储在电子设备中的至少一个日程表条目来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：基于从第一用户接收的消息来获取(例如，使用获取单元1418)日程表条目；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便将所获取的日程表条目的至少一部分作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：至少基于所述至少一个消息中使用的尊称来确定(例如，使用确定单元1408)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：获取(例如，使用获取单元1418)存储在电子设备上的多个联系人姓名；检测(例如，使用检测单元1410)所述多个联系人姓名中的一个联系人姓名在所述至少一个消息中的使用；获取(例如，使用获取单元1418)与所使用的联系人姓名相对应的联系信息；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便将所获取的联系信息的至少一部分作为消息发送给第二用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便呼叫与所获取的联系信息相关联的电话号码。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1420)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便呼叫第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1420)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)以便与第一用户进行视频会议。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1404被进一步配置为：对建议的一个或多个字符进行排序(例如，使用排序单元1422)；并且在所显示的建议的一个或多个字符之中的最中心位置中启用对排序最高的字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1406)。
在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符由第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语组成。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括至少一个表情符号。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一个消息是从第一用户最近接收到的消息。
以上参考图9所述的操作任选地由图1A至图1B或图14中所描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作902、确定操作904和检测操作908可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177来更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
根据一些实施方案，图15示出了根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备1500的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备1500的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备1500的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图15中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图15所示，电子设备1500包括被配置为显示图形用户界面并接收接触的触敏显示器单元1502，以及耦接到触敏显示器单元1502的处理单元1504。在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504包括显示启用单元1506、确定单元1508、检测单元1510、发送单元1512、显示停止单元1514、识别单元1516、获取单元1518、计数单元1520和排序单元1522。
处理单元1504被配置为：启用(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)对消息转录本的显示，该消息转录本包括来自至少第一用户的至少一个消息；至少部分地基于所述至少一个消息来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)多个建议的一个或多个字符；并且在消息转录本的底部处启用对第一示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)，该第一示能表示是表示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的第一建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：检测(例如，使用检测单元1510)输入，该输入表示对第一示能表示的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入，将第一建议的响应发送(例如，使用发送单元1512)给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：响应于检测到该输入，在消息转录本中启用对第一建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：响应于检测到该输入，在消息转录本的第一区域中启用对第一建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)，其中第一区域是在视觉上与消息转录本的背景区分开的邻接区域。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：响应于检测到该输入而停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1514)第一建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：启用对第二示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)，该第二示能表示是表示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符中的第二建议的一个或多个字符；检测(例如，使用检测单元1510)输入，该输入表示对第一示能表示的用户选择；并且响应于检测到该输入而停止显示(例如，使用显示停止单元1514)第二示能表示。
在一些实施方案中，第一区域是消息气泡。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的至少一个字词来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1516)所述至少一个消息中字词“或”的使用；识别(例如，使用识别单元1516)出现在紧接字词“或”之前的前一字词；并且识别(例如，使用识别单元1516)出现在紧接字词“或”之后的后一字词，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用对至少前一字词和后一字词的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：基于所述至少一个消息中使用的标点符号来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述至少一个消息是否包含疑问句；并且根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，启用对作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分的至少“是”和“否”的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的身份来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1516)向第一用户最频繁发送的消息，其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用最频繁发送的消息的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：识别(例如，使用识别单元1516)向第一用户最近发送的消息，并且其中：启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示包括启用最近发送的消息中的至少一个的显示。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：至少基于第一用户的位置来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)电子设备的位置，并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便将位置作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：基于存储在电子设备中的至少一个日程表条目来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：基于从第一用户接收的消息来获取(例如，使用获取单元1518)日程表条目；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便将所获取的日程表条目的至少一部分作为消息发送给第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：至少基于所述至少一个消息中使用的尊称来确定(例如，使用确定单元1508)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：获取(例如，使用获取单元1518)存储在电子设备上的多个联系人姓名；检测(例如，使用检测单元1510)所述多个联系人姓名中的一个联系人姓名在所述至少一个消息中的使用；获取(例如，使用获取单元1518)与所使用的联系人姓名相对应的联系信息；并且启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便将所获取的联系信息的至少一部分作为消息发送给第二用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便呼叫与所获取的联系信息相关联的电话号码。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1520)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便呼叫第一用户。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：对在一定时间间隔内从第一用户接收的消息的数量进行计数(例如，使用计数单元1520)；并且根据确定该数量超过预先确定的阈值，启用对示能表示的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)以便与第一用户进行视频会议。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元1504被进一步配置为：对建议的一个或多个字符进行排序(例如，使用排序单元1522)；并且在所显示的建议的一个或多个字符之中的最中心位置中启用对排序最高的字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元1506)。
在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符由第一字词或短语、第二字词或短语和第三字词或短语组成。在一些实施方案中，所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括至少一个表情符号。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一个消息是从第一用户最近接收到的消息。
以上参考图10描述的操作任选地由图1A-图1B或图15中描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作1002、确定操作1004和检测操作1008可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177来更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
根据一些实施方案，图21示出根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备2100的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备2100的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备2100的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图21中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图21所示，电子设备2100包括被配置为显示图形用户界面的显示单元2102；一个或多个输入设备2104；任选的一个或多个位置传感器2106；以及耦接到显示单元2102、一个或多个输入设备2104和任选的一个或多个位置传感器2106的处理单元2108。在一些实施方案中，处理单元2106包括显示启用单元2110、检测单元2112、确定单元2114以及任选的获取单元2116、布置单元2118、创建单元2120和识别单元2122。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为在显示单元2102上启用对消息转录本的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；至少部分地基于该消息来确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)多个建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应；确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中先前检测的一个或多个字符不是所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个，并且当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备2104检测到；响应于接收到该消息：根据确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息进行响应；并且根据确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，启用对所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息进行响应。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)先前检测的一个或多个字符是否与所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的特定建议的一个或多个字符同义；并且响应于接收到该消息：根据确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值以及确定先前检测的一个或多个字符是同义的，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息作出响应；并且根据确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值或确定先前检测的一个或多个字符不是同义的，启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对第二消息作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为通过确定先前检测的一个或多个字符是否处于与特定建议的一个或多个字符相关联的预定义的多个同义字词中来确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)先前检测的一个或多个字符是否与特定建议的一个或多个字符同义。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为获取(例如，使用获取单元2116)包含对对应消息的响应的文本；使用向量空间模型，基于距离度量将这些响应布置(例如，使用布置单元2118)成多个群集，其中一个群集的响应处于距彼此的距离内；并且基于响应的所述多个群集中的一个群集来创建(例如，使用创建单元2120)预定义的多个同义字词。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为通过对在显示特定建议的一个或多个字符时检测到先前检测的一个或多个字符的次数进行计数来确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为检测(例如，使用检测单元2112)利用所述一个或多个输入设备2104进行的触摸输入，该触摸输入表示所显示的建议的一个或多个字符的选择，并且该触摸输入具有特征强度；根据确定特征强度低于阈值强度：在消息转录本中启用对所选择的建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)；并且根据确定特征强度高于阈值强度：启用附加建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)。
在一些实施方案中，基于该消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括识别(例如，使用识别单元2122)该消息中字词“或”的使用；识别(例如，使用识别单元2122)出现在紧接字词“或”之前的前一字词；识别(例如，使用识别单元2122)出现在紧接字词“或”之后的后一字词，其中所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符包括前一字词和后一字词。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被配置为基于该消息中使用的标点符号来确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
在一些实施方案中，基于该消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)该消息是否包含疑问句；根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，包括至少“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分；并且根据确定所述至少一个消息不包含疑问句，放弃包括“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分。
在一些实施方案中，确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值包括检测(例如，使用检测单元2112)响应于从用户接收的消息而先前检测的一个或多个字符；根据确定响应于从用户接收的消息而先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值：启用先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)作为建议的一个或多个字符，以便对该消息作出响应；并且根据确定响应于从用户接收的消息而对该响应的使用未超过阈值：放弃启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，确定先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值包括利用一个或多个位置传感器确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)电子设备的位置；确定(例如，使用确定单元2114)该位置的距离内先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用；根据确定在该位置的距离内先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用超过阈值，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息作出响应；并且根据确定该位置的距离内先前检测的一个或多个字符的使用未超过阈值，放弃启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的先前检测的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)，以便对该消息作出响应。
在一些实施方案中，先前检测到的一个或多个字符表示媒体对象。
在一些实施方案中，先前检测到的一个或多个字符是表情符号。
在一些实施方案中，处理单元2108被进一步配置为通过所述一个或多个输入设备2104(例如，使用检测单元2112)来检测输入，该输入表示用户选择建议的一个或多个字符；并且响应于检测到表示用户选择建议的一个或多个字符的输入，在消息转录本中启用对所选建议的一个或多个字符的显示(例如，使用显示启用单元2110)。
以上参考图19A至图19C描述的操作任选地由图1A至图1B或图21中描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作1902,1916,1918,1920和/或1922；并且/或者确定操作1904,1906,1908,1910和/或1914可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177来更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
根据一些实施方案，图22示出根据各种所述实施方案的原理进行配置的电子设备2200的示例性功能框图。根据一些实施方案，电子设备2200的功能块被配置为执行上文所述的技术。设备2200的功能块任选地由执行各种所述示例的原理的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合来实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解，图22中所述的功能块任选地被组合或被分离为子块，以实现各种所述示例的原理。因此，本文的描述任选地支持本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图22所示，电子设备2200包括：被配置为显示图形用户界面的显示单元2202；一个或多个输入设备2204；以及耦接到显示单元2202和所述一个或多个输入设备2204的处理单元2206。在一些实施方案中，处理单元2206包括显示启用单元2210、检测单元2212、确定单元2214和接收单元2216。
处理单元2206被配置为：在显示单元2202上启用(例如，使用显示启用单元2210)对消息转录本的显示，该消息转录本包括从用户接收的第一消息；至少部分地基于第一消息，(例如，使用确定单元2214)确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于第一消息；在显示单元2202上启用(例如，使用显示启用单元2210)对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示；利用电子设备的一个或多个输入设备2204(例如，使用检测单元2212)检测输入，该输入表示对第一消息的响应，其中该响应包括一个或多个字符，并且其中该响应不是所显示的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；(例如，使用确定单元2214)确定响应的使用是否超过阈值；在消息转录本中(例如，使用接收单元2216)接收第二消息；并且响应于接收到第二消息：根据确定该响应的使用超过阈值，启用(例如，使用显示启用单元2210)对作为建议的一个或多个字符的该响应的显示以响应于第二消息；并且根据确定该响应的使用未超过阈值，启用(例如，使用显示启用单元2210)对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于第二消息。
以上参考图20描述的操作任选地由图1A至图1B或图22中描绘的部件来实现。例如，显示操作2002,2004和/或2018；检测操作2008、确定操作2004和/或接收操作2012可由事件分类器170、事件识别器180和事件处理程序190来实现。事件分类器170中的事件监视器171检测在触敏显示器112上的接触，并且事件分配器模块174将事件信息递送到应用程序136-1。应用程序136-1的相应事件识别器180将事件信息与相应事件定义186进行比较，并且确定触敏表面上的第一位置处的第一接触是否对应于预定义的事件或子事件，诸如对用户界面上的示能表示的激活。当检测到相应的预定义的事件或子事件时，事件识别器180激活与对该事件或子事件的检测相关联的事件处理程序190。事件处理程序190可利用或调用数据更新器176或对象更新器177以更新应用程序内部状态192。在一些实施方案中，事件处理程序190访问相应GUI更新器178，以更新由应用程序所显示的内容。类似地，本领域的普通技术人员会清楚地知道可如何基于图1A-图1B中描绘的部件来实现其他过程。
出于解释的目的，前面的描述是通过参考具体实施方案来描述的。然而，上面的例示性论述并非旨在是穷尽的或将本发明限制为所公开的精确形式。根据以上教导内容，很多修改形式和变型形式都是可能的。选择和描述实施方案是为了充分阐明本发明的原理及其实际应用，以由此使得本领域的其他技术人员能够以适合于所构想的特定用途的各种修改来充分利用本发明以及各种实施方案。

Claims (43)

1.一种用于信息处理的方法，包括：
在具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备处：
在所述显示屏上显示消息转录本，所述消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；
至少部分地基于所述消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息，其中基于所述消息确定多个建议的字符序列包括：
确定所述消息是否包含包括两个备选选择的询问句；
根据确定所述消息包含询问句，包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；以及
根据确定所述消息不包含询问句，放弃包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；
确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：
不是所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且
当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用所述电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值，将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值，显示所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义；并且
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值以及确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符同义，将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值或确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符不同义，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，还包括：
通过以下方式确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义：
确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否在预定义的多个同义字词中，所述同义字词与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符相关联。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，还包括：
获取包括对对应消息的响应的文本；
使用向量空间模型，基于距离度量将所述响应布置成多个群集，其中一个群集的响应处于距彼此的距离内；并且
基于响应的所述多个群集中的一个群集来创建所述预定义的多个同义字词。
5.根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
通过对在显示所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符时检测到所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的次数进行计数来确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测表示对所显示的建议的一个或多个字符的选择的触摸输入，所述触摸输入具有特征强度；
根据确定所述特征强度低于阈值强度：在所述消息转录本中显示所选择的建议的一个或多个字符；并且
根据确定所述特征强度高于所述阈值强度：显示附加的建议的一个或多个字符。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
识别所述消息中字词“或”的使用；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之前出现的前一字词；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之后出现的后一字词；
其中所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符包括所述前一字词和所述后一字词。
8.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
基于在所述消息中使用的标点符号来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
9.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
确定所述消息是否包含疑问句，根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，包括至少“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分；并且
根据确定所述至少一个消息不包含疑问句，放弃包括“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分。
10.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
响应于从所述用户接收的消息，检测所述先前输入的一个或多个字符；
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述响应的使用未超过所述阈值：
放弃将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
11.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
利用一个或多个位置传感器来确定所述电子设备的位置；
确定在所述位置的距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用；
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值：
放弃将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
12.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符表示媒体对象。
13.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是表情符号。
14.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测输入，所述输入表示对建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且
响应于检测到表示对所述建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择的所述输入，在所述消息转录本中显示所选择的建议的一个或多个字符。
15.一种电子设备，包括：
显示屏；
一个或多个输入设备；
一个或多个处理器；
存储器；和
存储在所述存储器中的一个或多个程序，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
在所述显示屏上显示消息转录本，所述消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；
至少部分地基于所述消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息，其中基于所述消息确定多个建议的字符序列包括：
确定所述消息是否包含包括两个备选选择的询问句；
根据确定所述消息包含询问句，包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；以及
根据确定所述消息不包含询问句，放弃包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；
确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：
不是所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且
当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用所述电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值，将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值，显示所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
16.根据权利要求15所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义；并且
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值以及确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符同义，启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值或确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符不同义，启用对所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息。
17.根据权利要求16所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
通过以下方式确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义：确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否在预定义的多个同义字词中，所述同义字词与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符相关联。
18.根据权利要求17所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
获取包括对对应消息的响应的文本；
使用向量空间模型，基于距离度量将所述响应布置成多个群集，其中一个群集的响应处于距彼此的距离内；并且
基于响应的所述多个群集中的一个群集来创建所述预定义的多个同义字词。
19.根据权利要求16-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
通过对在显示所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符时检测到所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的次数进行计数来确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用。
20.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测表示对所显示的建议的一个或多个字符的选择的触摸输入，所述触摸输入具有特征强度；
根据确定所述特征强度低于阈值强度：在所述消息转录本中启用对所选择的建议的一个或多个字符的显示；并且
根据确定所述特征强度高于所述阈值强度：启用对附加的建议的一个或多个字符的显示。
21.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
识别所述消息中字词“或”的使用；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之前出现的前一字词；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之后出现的后一字词；
其中所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符包括所述前一字词和所述后一字词。
22.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
基于在所述消息中使用的标点符号来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
23.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
确定所述消息是否包含疑问句；
根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，包括至少“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分；并且
根据确定所述至少一个消息不包含疑问句，放弃包括“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分。
24.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
响应于从所述用户接收的消息，检测所述先前输入的一个或多个字符；
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述响应的使用未超过所述阈值：
放弃启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息。
25.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
利用一个或多个位置传感器来确定所述电子设备的位置；
确定所述位置的距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用；
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值：放弃启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息。
26.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符表示媒体对象。
27.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是表情符号。
28.根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的电子设备，其中所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时，进一步使得所述电子设备：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测输入，所述输入表示对建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且
响应于检测到表示对所述建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择的所述输入，在所述消息转录本中启用对所选择的建议的一个或多个字符的显示。
29.一种包括由具有显示屏和一个或多个输入设备的电子设备的一个或多个处理器执行的一个或多个程序的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
在所述显示屏上显示消息转录本，所述消息转录本包括从用户接收的消息；
至少部分地基于所述消息，确定多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息，其中基于所述消息确定多个建议的字符序列包括：
确定所述消息是否包含包括两个备选选择的询问句；
根据确定所述消息包含询问句，包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；以及
根据确定所述消息不包含询问句，放弃包括所述两个备选选择作为所述多个建议的字符序列的一部分；
确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过阈值，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符：
不是所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的一个；并且
当先前显示了所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的至少一个时，利用所述电子设备的所述一个或多个输入设备而被检测到；
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值，将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值，显示所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
30.一种根据权利要求29所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符中的特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义；并且
响应于接收到所述消息：
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值以及确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符同义，将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值或确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符不同义，显示所述多个建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
31.根据权利要求30所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符同义包括：
确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是否在预定义的多个同义字词中，所述同义字词与所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符相关联。
32.根据权利要求31所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
获取包括对对应消息的响应的文本；
使用向量空间模型，基于距离度量将所述响应布置成多个群集，其中一个群集的响应处于距彼此的距离内；并且
基于响应的所述多个群集中的一个群集来创建所述预定义的多个同义字词。
33.根据权利要求30-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
通过对在显示所述特定的建议的一个或多个字符时检测到先前输入的一个或多个字符的次数进行计数来确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用。
34.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测表示对所显示的建议的一个或多个字符的选择的触摸输入，所述触摸输入具有特征强度；
根据确定所述特征强度低于阈值强度：在所述消息转录本中显示所选择的建议的一个或多个字符；并且
根据确定所述特征强度高于所述阈值强度：显示附加的建议的一个或多个字符。
35.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
识别所述消息中字词“或”的使用；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之前出现的前一字词；
识别紧接在所述字词“或”之后出现的后一字词；
其中所确定的多个建议的一个或多个字符包括所述前一字词和所述后一字词。
36.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
基于在所述消息中使用的标点符号来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符。
37.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中基于所述消息来确定所述多个建议的一个或多个字符包括：
确定所述消息是否包含疑问句，根据确定所述至少一个消息包含疑问句，包括至少“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分；并且
根据确定所述至少一个消息不包含疑问句，放弃包括“是”和“否”作为所述多个建议的一个或多个字符的一部分。
38.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中确定所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
响应于从所述用户接收的消息，检测所述先前输入的一个或多个字符；
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定响应于从所述用户接收的消息而对所述响应的使用未超过所述阈值：
放弃启用对作为建议的一个或多个字符的所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的显示以响应于所述消息。
39.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中确定先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用是否超过所述阈值包括：
利用一个或多个位置传感器来确定所述电子设备的位置；
确定所述位置的距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用；
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用超过所述阈值：
将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息；并且
根据确定在所述位置的所述距离内所述先前输入的一个或多个字符的使用未超过所述阈值：
放弃将所述先前输入的一个或多个字符显示为建议的一个或多个字符以响应于所述消息。
40.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符表示媒体对象。
41.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述先前输入的一个或多个字符是表情符号。
42.根据权利要求29-32中任一项所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其中所述一个或多个程序还包括指令，所述指令在由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述电子设备：
利用所述一个或多个输入设备来检测输入，所述输入表示对建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择；并且
响应于检测到表示对所述建议的一个或多个字符的用户选择的所述输入，在所述消息转录本中显示所选择的建议的一个或多个字符。
43.一种设备，包括：
执行根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法的装置。
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