WO2009081683A1 - アンテナ装置および無線icデバイス - Google Patents
アンテナ装置および無線icデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009081683A1 WO2009081683A1 PCT/JP2008/071502 JP2008071502W WO2009081683A1 WO 2009081683 A1 WO2009081683 A1 WO 2009081683A1 JP 2008071502 W JP2008071502 W JP 2008071502W WO 2009081683 A1 WO2009081683 A1 WO 2009081683A1
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- antenna
- wireless
- circuit
- resonance
- frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
- G06K19/0726—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement including a circuit for tuning the resonance frequency of an antenna on the record carrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna device used for a wireless IC device such as an RF-ID that performs non-contact communication using a near electromagnetic field, and a wireless IC device including the antenna device.
- a non-contact type IC card used as an RF-ID is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- An equivalent circuit of the non-contact type IC card disclosed in Patent Document 1 is shown in FIG.
- This non-contact type IC card is a non-contact type IC card that communicates with a reader / writer in a non-contact manner.
- the inductance L by the antenna coil 13 the resistance R of the entire circuit, the adjustment resistor 14, the capacitance C of the entire circuit such as the capacitance inside the IC chip and the stray capacitance generated in the circuit, and the adjustment A parallel resonant circuit is formed by the capacitor capacitance Cad.
- the antenna coils provided in both ICs are coupled to each other, so that the inductance value of the antenna coil changes when they come close to each other.
- the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit including the antenna coil changes accordingly, and there is a problem that the radiation gain varies greatly.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the situation.
- an antenna coil Lr and a capacitor Cr constitute a resonance circuit.
- a resonant circuit is configured by the antenna coil La and the capacitor Ca, and the wireless IC 21 is connected thereto.
- the S11 characteristic (return loss) of the S parameter as seen from the wireless IC 21 of the wireless IC device 200 is the characteristic curve Ra in FIG. 2C when the wireless IC device 200 is moderately separated from the reader / writer 300. As shown, the return loss is maximized at the frequency foa.
- the antennas of the wireless IC device 200 and the reader / writer 300 are coupled with each other by a close electromagnetic field, the closer the both devices are, the more the resonance frequency of both antennas shifts in the lower frequency direction.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna is lower than the actual communication frequency of the wireless IC device 200 (fs shown in FIG. 2C)
- the antenna coil does not act as an inductor, the antenna gain is significantly reduced, and communication becomes impossible.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna device is set higher in advance by, for example, 10% to 20% than the communication frequency so that the resonance frequency does not drop below the communication frequency even if the resonance frequency is shifted to the low frequency side. It was necessary to keep. Further, in order to enable communication even when the resonance frequency is higher than the communication frequency, as shown in FIG. 1, a resistor is inserted into the resonance circuit including the antenna coil, and the Q value of the resonance circuit is intentionally lowered. There was a need.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna at an average distance is shifted to a higher frequency side than the communication frequency. Therefore, there is a problem that the antenna gain is remarkably lowered when further away from the state, and as a result, a sufficient communication distance cannot be secured.
- the Q value of the resonance circuit including the antenna coil is lowered, a relatively stable gain can be obtained even if the resonance frequency is shifted due to the broad characteristics of the resonance circuit.
- the gain had to be low at any distance between the reader and the writer.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device that suppresses characteristic fluctuation due to a change in the distance between a wireless IC device and a reader / writer, and a wireless IC device that can perform communication with high reliability.
- An antenna device of the present invention includes an antenna coil for transmitting and receiving a signal by wireless communication with an external device, is connected to the antenna resonance circuit, includes at least an inductor, and a resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit And an additional resonant circuit having a different resonant frequency characteristic.
- the wireless IC device is close to an external device such as a reader / writer, and both antenna coils are magnetically coupled to each other. Even if the inductance value is increased by this, a decrease in the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit is suppressed by the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit. Therefore, a change in the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit is reduced, and a high gain can be stably obtained.
- the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit is set higher than the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit, and the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit is set higher than the communication frequency even in an excessively close state.
- the antenna coil may be magnetically coupled to an inductor included in the additional resonant circuit.
- the additional resonant circuit is, for example, a parallel resonant circuit. As a result, the inductance value of the additional resonant circuit can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
- the antenna resonance circuit and the additional resonance circuit are connected in series, for example. This facilitates magnetic field coupling between the antenna coil of the antenna resonance circuit and the inductor of the additional resonance circuit.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit is set higher than the communication frequency of the wireless IC device, and the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit is set lower than the communication frequency.
- the inductor included in the additional resonant circuit may include, for example, two lines having different lengths and adjacent to each other.
- the resonance frequency band by the additional resonance circuit can be expanded, and the effect of suppressing fluctuations in the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit by the additional resonance circuit can be enhanced.
- the inductor included in the additional resonant circuit may be magnetically shielded.
- a wireless IC device equipped with this antenna device is close to an external device such as a reader / writer, magnetic field coupling with the antenna coil on the external device side is suppressed, so that the inductance value of the inductor of the additional resonance circuit changes almost. Without this, the resonant frequency of the additional resonant circuit can be kept stable. As a result, the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit can be further stabilized.
- the additional resonant circuit may be configured in a laminated substrate including a magnetic material. As a result, the overall configuration can be reduced, and an increase in size due to the provision of the additional resonance circuit can be avoided. Magnetic shielding can also be performed at the same time.
- An output unit inductor may be connected in series to an input unit of a transmission signal input from the wireless IC, and the output unit inductor may be configured on the multilayer substrate.
- the impedance matching circuit between the wireless IC and the antenna device can be provided on the laminated substrate at the same time and can be made smaller overall.
- the capacitance component of the additional resonant circuit may be constituted by a chip capacitor, which may be arranged on the surface or inside of the multilayer substrate.
- the multilayer substrate can be further miniaturized and the area occupied by the wireless IC device can be reduced.
- a wireless IC device includes an antenna device including the above-described laminated substrate and a wireless IC disposed on or inside the laminated substrate.
- a module including a wireless IC chip can be configured, and it can be easily incorporated into a wireless IC device.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna resonant circuit is reduced. Since it can be suppressed by the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit, a change in the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit is reduced, and a stable high gain can be obtained.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit can be kept close to the communication frequency over a wide communication distance. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact IC card disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the problem of the conventional radio
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the wireless IC device 201 according to the first embodiment.
- the antenna resonance circuit AR is constituted by the antenna coil La and the capacitor Ca.
- the additional resonant circuit LC1 is configured by a parallel resonant circuit of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C1.
- the additional resonant circuit LC1 is connected in series to the antenna resonant circuit AR and also connected to the wireless IC 21.
- the antenna resonance circuit AR and the additional resonance circuit LC1 constitute an antenna device 101, and the antenna device 101 and the radio IC 21 constitute a radio IC device 201.
- the wireless IC device 201 is, for example, an RF-ID card, and the antenna coil La is constituted by a spiral conductor pattern of a plurality of turns along the periphery of the card inside the card, and the capacitor Ca has a dielectric layer. It is composed of electrodes facing each other.
- the inductor L1 is formed on a ferrite multilayer substrate together with the capacitor C1.
- a single RF-ID card is formed by enclosing the wireless IC 21 in the card together with the laminated substrate of ferrite.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the antenna characteristics of the antenna device 101 shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the antenna characteristics when the additional resonance circuit LC1 is not provided.
- the S parameter S11 characteristic (return loss) is shown.
- (A) is a characteristic in a normal state in which the wireless IC device 201 is moderately separated from the reader / writer, and (B) is a characteristic in a state in which both are excessively close to each other.
- the resonance frequency foa of the antenna resonance circuit AR is about 15 as shown in FIG. 0 MHz, which is set higher than the communication frequency fs (13.56 MHz).
- the antenna device of the wireless IC device and the antenna of the reader / writer can communicate with each other by magnetic field coupling.
- the resonance frequency fob of the antenna resonance circuit AR becomes lower than the communication frequency fs. It becomes capacitive coupling with the antenna on the reader / writer side, and magnetic field coupling cannot be performed using the antenna coil of the antenna resonance circuit (current does not flow through the antenna coil), and communication is disabled.
- the resonance frequency f1a of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is about 12.9 MHz, and the antenna resonance circuit AR.
- the resonance frequency fo is approximately 15.2 MHz, and the frequency fo is higher than the communication frequency 13.56 MHz and the frequencies are relatively close to each other, so that the wireless IC device 201 can communicate with the reader / writer.
- the resonance frequency fob of the antenna resonance circuit is 13.56 MHz which is substantially equal to the communication frequency fs as shown in FIG.
- the antenna device 101 of 201 and the antenna on the reader / writer side are strongly magnetically coupled. Therefore, it can communicate normally.
- the resonance frequency f1b of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is shifted to the low frequency side as the resonance frequency fob of the antenna resonance circuit AR decreases.
- the resonance frequency foa of the antenna resonance circuit AR is higher than the resonance frequency f1a of the additional resonance circuit LC1. And relatively distant.
- the resonance frequency fob of the antenna resonance circuit becomes lower than the resonance frequency foa of the antenna resonance circuit AR as shown in FIG.
- the resonance frequency f1b of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is also slightly shifted to the lower frequency side than the above foa.
- this shift amount is smaller than the shift amount (foa-fob) of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR.
- the additional resonant circuit LC1 suppresses a decrease in the resonant frequency of the antenna resonant circuit AR so that the resonant frequency of the antenna resonant circuit AR does not fall below the resonant frequency f1b of the additional resonant circuit LC1.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit moves to a lower frequency side than the resonance frequency f1c of the additional resonance circuit LC1.
- the additional resonant circuit LC1 prevents the resonant frequency of the antenna resonant circuit from becoming lower than the resonant frequency of the additional resonant circuit LC1. Therefore, the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is determined in a range in which the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR is not lower than the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1. That is, the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1 itself is determined so that the state shown in FIG. 6C does not occur even when the wireless IC device is closest to the reader / writer.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams showing impedance changes with respect to frequency changes on the Smith chart when the antenna apparatus 101 used in the wireless IC device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the additional resonant circuit LC1 are not provided. It is shown in
- FIG. 7 shows the characteristics of the antenna device 101 shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 8 shows the characteristics when the additional resonance circuit LC1 is not provided.
- (A) is a characteristic in a normal state where the wireless IC device 201 is moderately separated from the reader / writer, and (B) is a characteristic in a state where both are excessively close.
- the frequency is changed in the range of 11.06 to 16.06 MHz.
- the impedance at a communication frequency of 13.56 MHz is indicated by a marker [1] in the figure.
- the impedance (marker position of [1] in the figure) at the communication frequency of 13.56 MHz is in the lower half of the Smith chart in a state of being too close to the reader / writer as shown in FIG.
- both antennas are capacitively coupled, so that no current flows through the antenna coil La of the antenna device, and communication becomes impossible.
- the impedance at the communication frequency of 13.56 MHz exists in the upper half of the Smith chart, that is, is inductive, and both antennas are magnetically coupled.
- the wireless IC device 201 can perform stable communication even if the distance from the reader / writer changes.
- the antenna coil La shown in FIG. 3 and the inductor L1 of the additional resonant circuit LC1 may be magnetically coupled.
- the effect of suppressing the shift amount of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR in the direction of the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is enhanced, and the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR can be further stabilized.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR is set higher than the communication frequency fs, and the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is set lower than the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR.
- the resonance frequency of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is set higher than the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR will be described.
- FIG. 9 shows the S11 characteristic of the antenna device provided in the wireless IC device due to a change in the distance between the wireless IC device and the reader / writer.
- FIG. 9A shows characteristics when the wireless IC device is too close to the reader / writer. In this state, the resonance frequency foa of the antenna resonance circuit is set higher than the communication frequency fs.
- the resonance frequency fob increases.
- the resonance frequency fob of the antenna resonance circuit does not become extremely higher than the communication frequency fs.
- the wireless IC device can perform stable communication even if the distance from the reader / writer changes.
- an antenna device 102 is configured by connecting an additional resonant circuit LC1 including a series circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 in parallel to the antenna resonant circuit AR.
- the antenna device 103 is configured by connecting an additional resonant circuit LC1 including a series circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 in series to the antenna resonant circuit AR.
- the antenna device 104 is configured by connecting an additional resonant circuit LC1 including a parallel circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 to the antenna resonant circuit AR via capacitors C3 and C4. .
- the additional resonant circuit LC1 shown in these examples may include a plurality of stages.
- an antenna resonant circuit AR is configured by a parallel circuit of an antenna coil La and a capacitor Ca
- an additional resonant circuit LC1 is configured by a parallel circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1, and this additional resonant circuit LC1. Is connected to the wireless IC 21.
- the antenna device 105 is configured by arranging the antenna coil La so as to be magnetically coupled to the inductor L1. In this manner, the antenna resonance circuit AR and the additional resonance circuit LC1 may be inductively coupled.
- the antenna coil La and the inductor L1 of the additional resonance circuit LC1 may be magnetically coupled.
- the effect of suppressing the shift amount of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR in the resonance frequency direction of the additional resonance circuit LC1 is enhanced, and the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit AR can be further stabilized.
- the antenna device is also configured as a balanced type in accordance with the balanced input / output of the radio IC 21.
- the wireless IC 21 is unbalanced.
- the antenna device 106 is an unbalanced type.
- an additional resonance circuit LC1 in which an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 are connected in parallel is connected in series to the antenna resonance circuit AR.
- the configuration of the additional resonant circuit LC1 and the connection configuration to the antenna resonant circuit AR exist in addition to the balanced type. For example, it is possible to ground one of the lines in FIG.
- the fourth embodiment is an example in which two additional resonance circuits are provided to further improve the stability of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the antenna device 107 and the wireless IC device 207 including the antenna device 107 according to the fourth embodiment.
- a first additional resonant circuit LC1 that is a parallel circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1
- a second additional resonant circuit LC2 that is also a parallel circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2 are connected in series to the antenna resonant circuit AR. is doing.
- the antenna device 107 is configured.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the S11 characteristic of the antenna device 107 shown in FIG.
- the resonance frequency f1 of the first additional resonance circuit LC1 is set lower than the resonance frequency fo of the antenna resonance circuit AR, and the resonance frequency f2 of the second additional resonance circuit LC2 is set higher than the resonance frequency fo of the antenna resonance circuit.
- the resonance frequency fo of the antenna resonance circuit AR is set higher than the communication frequency fs.
- the resonance frequency fo of the antenna resonance circuit AR can always be close to the communication frequency fs regardless of the distance between the wireless IC device and the reader / writer.
- the resonant frequency of the antenna resonant circuit can be stabilized in both high and low directions.
- both of the resonance frequencies of the two additional resonance circuits may exist on the low frequency side or the high frequency side of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit.
- the stabilization of the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit can be enhanced as compared with the case where the additional resonance circuit is only one stage.
- two or more additional resonant circuits may be provided in the same manner.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the wireless IC device 207 according to the fifth embodiment.
- This example is an RF-ID card
- FIG. 14A shows the internal structure of the card
- FIG. 14B is an enlarged view of the module 22 mounted on the module.
- the antenna coil La is constituted by a spiral conductive pattern of a plurality of turns along the periphery of the card inside the card, and the capacitor Ca is constituted by electrodes facing each other with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween.
- the module 22 has two lines SL1 and SL2 that are different in length and are adjacent to each other, and a wireless IC (chip) 21 is mounted thereon.
- Capacitance is generated between the lines by the two lines SL1 and SL2 formed in the module 22, and two additional resonance circuits are configured by this capacity and the inductance of the lines SL1 and SL2. Therefore, if the circuit of the wireless IC device 207 is equivalently expressed by a lumped constant circuit, it is the same as the circuit shown in FIG. 12 in the fourth embodiment. Since the lengths of the two lines SL1 and SL2 are different, the resonance frequencies of the two additional resonance circuits can be made different.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing configurations of the wireless IC device 208 and the antenna device 108 provided in the wireless IC device 208 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the transmission signal circuit output from the wireless IC 21 is also illustrated.
- the input portion of the transmission signal input from the wireless IC 21 includes output inductors L3 and L4 connected in series, and together with this, a matching circuit is configured by the capacitors C5 to C7.
- the impedance (return loss) of the wireless IC device viewed from the reader / writer antenna device is changed by switching whether one end of the output inductors L3 and L4 is short-circuited or opened inside the wireless IC 21. .
- the reader / writer receives the transmission signal from the wireless IC device by detecting this change.
- the antenna device 108 includes an antenna coil La, a capacitor Ca, a first additional resonance circuit including an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2, and a second additional resonance circuit including an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2. Portions other than the wireless IC 21 and the antenna coil La are configured by the module 23.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the configuration of the module 23 and the overall configuration of the wireless IC device 208.
- the module 23 is composed of a laminated ferrite substrate.
- Inductors L1 and L2 of the first and second additional resonant circuits are formed on the upper layer 23a of the multilayer substrate.
- the output inductors L3 and L4 are formed in the lower layer 23b of the multilayer substrate.
- a nonmagnetic ceramic layer having a relative permeability ⁇ r of approximately 1 is sandwiched between the upper layer 23a and the lower layer 23b of the multilayer substrate in order to block magnetic coupling.
- the inductors L1 and L2 are magnetically coupled to each other.
- the two output inductors L3 and L4 are magnetically coupled to each other.
- the interval between the resonance frequencies of the two additional resonance circuits can be fixed by magnetically coupling L1 and L2 to each other.
- the inductors L1 and L2 included in the additional resonant circuit in this way, even if a wireless IC device including this antenna device is close to an external device such as a reader / writer, Therefore, the inductance values of the inductors L1 and L2 of the additional resonant circuit hardly change, and the resonant frequency of the additional resonant circuit can be kept stable. As a result, the resonance frequency of the antenna resonance circuit can be further stabilized.
- an RF-ID card can be configured simply by forming the antenna coil La with a conductor pattern on the card and mounting the module 23.
- the antenna coil La may be formed by a coil electrode arranged inside the mobile phone.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1の非接触型ICカードの等価回路を図1に示す。この非接触型ICカードは、リーダライタと非接触で通信する非接触型ICカードである。無線ICチップ11に対して、アンテナコイル13によるインダクタンスL、回路全体の抵抗R、調整用抵抗14、ICチップ内部の容量や回路に生じる浮遊容量等の回路全体の静電容量C、および調整用コンデンサ容量Cadにより並列共振回路を形成している。
これにより無線ICチップも含めたモジュール(RF-IDモジュール)を構成でき、無線ICデバイスへの組み込みが容易となる。
22,23-モジュール
23a-積層基板上層
23b-積層基板下層
101~108-アンテナ装置
200,201,207,208-無線ICデバイス
300-リーダライタ
La-アンテナコイル
Ca-キャパシタ
L1,L2-インダクタ
L3,L4-出力部インダクタ
C1,C2-キャパシタ
AR-アンテナ共振回路
LC1-付加共振回路(第1の付加共振回路)
LC2-第2の付加共振回路
SL1,SL2-線路
図3は第1の実施形態に係る無線ICデバイス201の回路図である。この図3において、アンテナコイルLaとキャパシタCaとによってアンテナ共振回路ARを構成している。またインダクタL1とキャパシタC1の並列共振回路によって付加共振回路LC1を構成している。そして、この付加共振回路LC1をアンテナ共振回路ARに対して直列接続するとともに無線IC21に接続している。
通信可能な状態で無線ICデバイス201がリーダライタから最も離れている状態では、図6(A)に示すように、アンテナ共振回路ARの共振周波数foaは付加共振回路LC1の共振周波数f1aより高く、且つ比較的離れている。
第1の実施形態では、アンテナ共振回路ARの共振周波数を通信周波数fsより高くするとともに、付加共振回路LC1の共振周波数をアンテナ共振回路ARの共振周波数より低く設定したが、第2の実施形態では付加共振回路LC1の共振周波数をアンテナ共振回路ARの共振周波数より高く設定する例について示す。
図9(A)は、無線ICデバイスがリーダライタに過度に近接している状態での特性であるが、この状態でもアンテナ共振回路の共振周波数foaは通信周波数fsより高く設定している。
次に、付加共振回路の構成についていくつかの例を第3の実施形態として図10・図11を参照して説明する。
また、これらの幾つかの例で示した付加共振回路LC1は、それを複数段備えてもよい。
この第4の実施形態は、二つの付加共振回路を備えてアンテナ共振回路の共振周波数の安定性をさらに高めた例である。
このように、少なくとも二つの付加共振回路を設ければ、アンテナ共振回路の共振周波数を高低両方向に安定化できる。
図14は、第5の実施形態に係る無線ICデバイス207の構造を示す図である。この例はRF-IDカードであり、図14(A)はカード内部の構成を示している。また、図14(B)はそれに搭載しているモジュール22の拡大図である。
図15は第6の実施形態に係る無線ICデバイス208およびそれに備えるアンテナ装置108の構成を示す回路図である。この図15では無線IC21から出力される送信信号回路についても図示している。無線IC21から入力される送信信号の入力部には直列接続される出力部インダクタL3,L4を備え、これとともにキャパシタC5~C7によって整合回路を構成している。具体的には、出力部インダクタL3,L4の一端同士を無線IC21内部で短絡するか開放するかのスイッチングによって、リーダライタのアンテナ装置から無線ICデバイスを見たインピーダンス(リーターンロス)を変化させる。リーダライタは、この変化を検出することによって、無線ICデバイスからの送信信号を受信する。
モジュール23は、積層フェライト基板で構成している。積層基板の上層23aには前記第1・第2の付加共振回路のインダクタL1,L2を形成している。また積層基板の下層23bには前記出力部インダクタL3,L4を形成している。積層基板の上層23aと下層23bとの間には、磁気的結合を遮断するために比透磁率μrがほぼ1の非磁性体セラミック層を挟んでいる。
Claims (12)
- 外部機器との間で無線通信が行われる無線ICデバイスに用いられ、無線ICが接続されるアンテナ装置であって、
前記外部機器との間での無線通信による信号を送受信するためのアンテナコイルを含むアンテナ共振回路と、
前記アンテナ共振回路に接続され、少なくともインダクタを含み、前記アンテナ共振回路の共振周波数とは異なる共振周波数特性を有する付加共振回路と、
を備えたアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナコイルと前記付加共振回路に含まれる前記インダクタとが磁界結合している、請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記付加共振回路は並列共振回路である、請求項1または2に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記アンテナ共振回路と前記付加共振回路は直列接続されている、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記付加共振回路は、前記無線ICデバイスの通信周波数より共振周波数が低い共振回路を備え、
前記アンテナ共振回路の共振周波数は、前記無線ICデバイスの通信周波数より高い、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記付加共振回路は、前記無線ICデバイスの通信周波数より共振周波数が低い第1の付加共振回路と、前記無線ICデバイスの通信周波数より共振周波数が高い第2の付加共振回路とで構成され、
前記アンテナ共振回路の共振周波数は、前記無線ICデバイスの通信周波数より高い、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記第1・第2の付加共振回路に含まれるインダクタは、それぞれ長さが異なり、互いに隣接する2つの線路を含む、請求項6に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記付加共振回路に含まれるインダクタは磁気シールドされた、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記付加共振回路は磁性体を含む積層基板内に構成された、請求項8に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記無線ICから入力される送信信号の入力部に直列接続される出力部インダクタを備え、当該出力部インダクタが前記積層基板に構成された、請求項9に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記付加共振回路は前記積層基板の表面または内部に配置されたチップコンデンサを備える、請求項9または10に記載のアンテナ装置。
- 請求項9~11のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置と、当該アンテナ装置の前記積層基板の表面または内部に配置された前記無線ICとで構成された無線ICデバイス。
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EP08865287.0A EP2207240B1 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2008-11-27 | Antenna apparatus and wireless ic device |
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EP2557528A3 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP2717196A2 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
JPWO2009081683A1 (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
CN101601169B (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
EP2557528A2 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
US20120235871A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
US8070070B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
CN101601169A (zh) | 2009-12-09 |
CN103401063B (zh) | 2018-03-02 |
CN103401063A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
EP2207240A4 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
US20090166434A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
EP2717196A3 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
EP2717196B1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
EP2207240B1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
US8915448B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 |
CN103500875A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
CN103500875B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2207240A1 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
US8360330B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 |
US20110155810A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
JP4561931B2 (ja) | 2010-10-13 |
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