JP5738847B2 - リチウムイオン再充電可能電池セル - Google Patents
リチウムイオン再充電可能電池セル Download PDFInfo
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- JP5738847B2 JP5738847B2 JP2012510357A JP2012510357A JP5738847B2 JP 5738847 B2 JP5738847 B2 JP 5738847B2 JP 2012510357 A JP2012510357 A JP 2012510357A JP 2012510357 A JP2012510357 A JP 2012510357A JP 5738847 B2 JP5738847 B2 JP 5738847B2
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- silicon
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- anode
- active material
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 30
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002409 silicon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YYPNJNDODFVZLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)=CC(O)=O YYPNJNDODFVZLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC=C PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910018116 Li 21 Si 5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li][C] Chemical compound [Li][C] YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005822 acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- YIYBQIKDCADOSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Butylen-alpha-carbonsaeure Natural products CCC=CC(O)=O YIYBQIKDCADOSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005603 alternating copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011884 anode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006301 statistical copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIERETOOQGIECD-ONEGZZNKSA-N tiglic acid Chemical compound C\C=C(/C)C(O)=O UIERETOOQGIECD-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YIYBQIKDCADOSF-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-pent-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\C(O)=O YIYBQIKDCADOSF-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
かかるポリマーは、ポリアクリレート、ポリ(アクリル酸)、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリ(ビニルピロリドン)、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ(ビニリデンフロリド)及びポリ(ビニルクロリド)などのいくつかの材料から選択され得る。
集電体、及び
接着性媒体(cohesive mass)を含み、前記接着性媒体は、活性材料としてシリコン及びポリマー性バインダを含み、前記ポリマー性バインダは、アクリル酸、3−ブテン酸、2−メタクリル酸、2−ペンテン酸、2,3−ジメチルアクリル酸、3,3−ジメチルアクリル酸、トランス−ブテンジオン酸、シス−ブテンジオン酸及びイタコン酸、及び場合によりそれらのアルカリ金属塩を含む群から選択されるひとつ又はそれ以上のモノマーのホモポリマー又はコポリマーであり、前記シリコンは前記活性材料の20から100%であり、前記バインダはシリコンと混合されて接着性媒体を形成し、前記接着性媒体は前記集電体へ接着して前記接着性媒体を前記集電体と接触を維持する。
「 実施例1−電極の製造及びバインダの試験
活性材料としてのシリコン粉末、表2に示すようなバインダ、および導電性カーボンブラック(TIMCAL、Strada Industriale,CH-6743 Bodio,スイス、から得られるSuper P(登録商標)カーボンブラック、又はDenka社(電気化学工業株式会社、東京)から得られるDenka Black、又はこれらの混合物)を用いてアノードを構成し、一連のバインダの評価を行った。シリコン活性材料:バインダ:カーボンブラックの比は、80:8:12(重量%)又は76:12:12(重量%)である。ポリマー溶液は、表2に示すように、ポリマー固体材料を、水又は有機溶媒のような適当な溶媒中に溶解させることにより予備調製した。特定の複合材の混合は、相当重量%のSi活性材料を、10から15重量%のビーズミルされたカーボンブラック(Super Pカーボン又はDenka Black)の溶液に分散させ、これを12時間剪断攪拌することにより開始した。次に、これに相当重量%のポリマー溶液を加え、得られた複合材を、20分間、二重非対称遠心分散装置(Dual Asymmetric Centrifugation)にかけた。」
「 あるいは、カーボンブラックは、剪断攪拌により、前記ポリマー溶液へ分散させることもできる。次に、さらなる剪断撹拌ステップにより、ポリマー/カーボン混合物中に、シリコン材料が添加される。」
バッチ分析からJetmilledSilgrain(R)HQ(WO2009/010758に開示されたピラー化粒子及びファイバの調製での出発材料であり、J230材料が属するブランドでもある)の化学分析は次のように報告されている。
分析値 Si Fe Al Ca Ti
重量% 重量% 重量% 重量% 重量%
最大 99.7 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.003
最小 99.6 0.03 0.09 0.01 0.001
通常 99.6 0.04 0.11 0.02 0.0021
シリコン、ポリマー性バインダ材料及びカーボンを含む複合電極を、リチウム金属を対向電極とし、ミクロポーラスセパレータ及びエチレンカーボネート/エチルメチルケトン混合物中のリチウムヘキサフルオロホスフェート電解質1.2モルdm−3含むセルに導入した。適切な領域15cm2の前記乾燥複合電極(シリコン、ポリマー及びカーボンを含む)いくつかのサンプルを、ミクロポーラスセパレータが設けられた同じサイズのリチウム金属と共に乾燥雰囲気下で組み立てられた。前記セル構造を前記電解溶液に漬け、その後アルミニウムラミネートパッケージ材料に入れて加熱シールした。複合電極及び金属リチウム対向電極は、2つの端子を用いて外部的に接続可能の薄膜である。前記セルの第一のサイクル損失(FCL)が、セルの最初の充電/放電サイクルにつき充電及び放電容量(電流掛ける時間)の差を測定することで試験された。
実施例1と同じセル構造及び製造方法を用いて表2に示される種々のバインダを持つセルが調製され、FCLが測定された。種々のバインダについてFCL試験の結果は図2のバーグラフで示される。留意すべきは、表2は、74:13:13などの異なる組成比率を含むより広い範囲の実験を含むが、図2には標準の80:8:12の結果のみが示される、ことである。
実施例1と同じセル構造及び製造方法を用いて、表2に示される種々のバインダを持つセルが調製され、サイクル容量へのアノードバインダの効果を見出すために試験された。試験結果は図3のバーグラフで示される。図3は、リチウム金属対向電極を持つシリコン粉末複合電極について全脱リチウム容量を示す。脱リチウム容量とは、実際のLi−イオンセル(即ち、リチウムがシリコン材料から除去される)での放電と等しい電気化学ステップに関与する試験サンプルセルからのリチウム容量をmAhrで表したものである。全脱リチウム容量は、試験セルが破壊されたと思われる時点までの全てのサイクルから積算された容量である。
実施例1と同じセル構造及び製造方法を用いて、表2に示される溶媒を用いて種々のバインダを調製し、セルのサイクル容量に対するバインダの効果を見出すために試験された。
種々のセルが次の方法で作成された:
実施例1と同様に、活性媒体を銅基板に適用し、アノードを作成し組み立て物を乾燥した。セルで使用されたカソード材料は市販の標準カソード材料であり、アルミニウム集電体と共に使用した。要求されるサイズのアノード及びカソードは切り出され、真空下、120℃で一夜再乾燥された。アノード及びカソードにタグを超音波溶接し、これにより前記セルがアルミニウムラミネートバッグ内にシールされ、かつ前記電極はその間にTonen(TM)多孔性ポリエチレンセパレータのひとつをはさんで組み立て、これをロール形状に巻き取り前記ラミネートバッグ内に配置した。巻かれたセル組み立て物を前記バッグ内にシールする。片側の端は電解質を充填することができるようにシールされていない。
実施例5と同様の方法を用いてアノードを作成して試験した。ただし、ここではシリコン粒子の代わりにWO 2007/083152又はWO 2007/083155で開示される方法を用いて調製されたシリコンファイバを用いた。かかるファイバは通常直径が80から500nmの範囲であり、長さが20から300μmの範囲である。セルのバインダ及び他の変数は表6に示される。
実施例7−シリコン粉末粒子
実施例5と同様の方法を用いてアノードを作成してバインダを試験した。今回はシリコン粒子の代わりに、WO 2009/010758の開示に基づいて調製されたピラー化シリコン粒子(直径が15から25μm、及びピラー高さが1から4μmの範囲)を使用した。バインダ及びその他の変数を表8に示した。
Claims (15)
- リチウムイオン再充電可能電池セルのアノードの製造方法であり、
前記アノードは、
集電体、及び
接着性媒体(cohesive mass)を含み、
前記接着性媒体は、活性材料としてのシリコンと、ポリマー性バインダとを含み、前記ポリマー性バインダは、アクリル酸及びそれらのアルカリ金属塩からなる群から選択されるモノマーのホモポリマーを含み、
前記シリコンは、シリコン含有粒子、シリコン含有ファイバ及びシリコン含有ピラー化粒子の1又は2以上から選択され、
前記シリコンは95重量%を超えかつ99.90重量%未満の純度を持ち、前記活性材料の20から100重量%であり、
当該方法は、
前記シリコンと、前記バインダと、水と、カーボンとを剪断撹拌により混合して、接着性媒体を形成するステップであって、前記接着性媒体において、前記バインダは、前記シリコンの表面に結合するステップと、
前記接着性媒体を前記集電体にコーティングして、前記接着性媒体と前記集電体との電気的接触を維持するステップと、
を有する、製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の製造方法であり、前記シリコンは、前記アノード中で前記活性材料の少なくとも50重量%を形成する、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至2のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記シリコンは、95重量%を超え、かつ99.8重量%未満の純度である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記シリコンは、98重量%を超え、かつ99.8重量%未満の純度である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記シリコンは、99.6重量%の純度である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記シリコンは、99.7重量%の純度である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記バインダは、前記ポリマーと他のバインダの混合物である、製造方法。
- 請求項7に記載の製造方法であり、前記他のバインダが、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)及び/又はポリビニルジフルオリド又はそれらの混合物から選択される、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記ポリマー性バインダは、分子量が50000を超える、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記ポリマー性バインダは、分子量が450000以上である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記接着性媒体がさらに、導電性強化材料を含む、製造方法。
- 請求項11に記載の製造方法であり、導電性強化材料が、カーボンブラック及びアセチレンブラックから選択されるひとつ又はそれ以上の材料である、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法であり、前記活性材料がさらに、グラファイト及び/又はハードカーボンから選択される別の活性材料を含む、製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で製造されたアノード。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で製造されたアノードを含むリチウムイオン再充電可能電池セル。
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CN103972469A (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
JP2012527070A (ja) | 2012-11-01 |
US20120094178A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
KR101379236B1 (ko) | 2014-04-11 |
SG174605A1 (en) | 2011-10-28 |
KR20120090766A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
WO2010130976A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
GB0908088D0 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
EP2415108B1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
US20120135308A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
KR101354050B1 (ko) | 2014-02-21 |
KR20130050857A (ko) | 2013-05-16 |
TWI485921B (zh) | 2015-05-21 |
EP2415108A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
US9608272B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
CN102439768A (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
US10050275B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
TW201101564A (en) | 2011-01-01 |
JP2013179059A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
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GB2470190B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
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