JP6976288B2 - 粒子ビーム走査 - Google Patents
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Description
本明細書では、2013年9月27日に出願した米国仮出願第61/883,631号明細書の優先権が主張される。米国仮出願第61/883,631号明細書の内容は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書で説明されている例示的な粒子治療システムおよび例示的な走査システムにおいて使用される粒子加速器は、可変エネルギー粒子加速器であるものとしてよい。異なるスポットサイズの散乱体は、可変エネルギー粒子加速器によってもたらされる異なるエネルギーとともに使用するように構成され得る。同様に、異なるエネルギーデグレーダは、使用されるのであれば(および、場合によってはそうでない)、可変エネルギー粒子加速器によってもたらされる異なるエネルギーとともに使用するように構成され得る。
12 磁石システム
38 ビーム引き出しシステム
40 環状超伝導コイル
42 環状超伝導コイル
40a、40b、42a、42b コイルセット
44 磁極面
46 磁極面
47 共通軸
53 ワイヤ
55 ヒーターブランケット
56 環状ステンレスリバースボビン、矩形リバースボビン
60 復元力
70 低温保持槽
71 支持点
72 ギフォードマクマホン冷凍機
73 支持点
74 ギフォードマクマホン冷凍機
76 低温端部
77 ギフォードマクマホン冷凍機
79 ギフォードマクマホン冷凍機
78 ヘッド
81、83 ヨーク
82 強磁性帰還ヨーク
84 帰還磁束
86 容積部
90 粒子源
91 高周波駆動システム
92 幾何学的中心
94 電気ケーブル
95 電流源
99 水素の供給部
100 ディープレート
102 引き出しチャネル
105 粒子加速器
106 走査システム
108 走査磁石
109 電離箱
110 エネルギーデグレーダ
111、112 コイル
115 飛程変調装置
116 プレート
116a プレート
117 矢印
120 散乱体
122 配置
123 配置
124 構造体
125 最大厚さ
126 最小厚さ
127 コリメータ
128 最大厚さ
129 最小厚さ
129 開口
130 穴
131 材料
132、133、139、141、144 周
134、136、138、140、142 スポット配置
135、137 グリッド
145、146 スポット
150 壁
152 壁
154 側壁
156 側壁
158 側壁
160 治療室
162 基部
164 床面積
170 患者支持体
190 陰極
192 陰極
194 管
199 磁場
201 ガス管路
202 ダミーディー
203、105 半円形表面
207 空間
209 ダクト
211 真空ポンプ
213 熱交換器
214 磁気シールド
216 空間
217 強磁性体(例えば、鋼または鉄)の層
219 真空槽
222 釣合いおもり
224 釣合いおもり
225 ビーム形成システム
246 迷路
248 壁
402 高温−低温支持ストラップ
404 高温−低温支持ストラップ
406 高温−低温支持ストラップ
408 S2ガラス繊維リンク
500 荷電粒子線治療システム
502 ビーム発生粒子加速器
504 回転式ガントリー
506 患者
508、510 脚部
512、514 軸受
516 鋼製トラス、トラス構造体
518 治療領域
520 回転範囲
522 床
524 ボールト
532 水平回転軸
534 回転範囲
540 アイソセンター
580 スパン
582 スパン
601 内側ガントリー
602 システム
604 シンクロサイクロトロン
605 回転式ガントリー
606 患者支持体
910 治療システム
912 加速器
914 粒子(例えば、陽子)ビーム
916 走査ユニット
916 散乱ユニット
918 監視ユニット
920 エネルギーデグレーダ
922 身体
922’ 身体または身体部分
924 ターゲット容積部
926a〜826i 層
928 照射方向
930 ターゲット容積部
932 制御装置
1012 磁石システム
1035、1037 曲線
1300 内部導体
1302 外部導体
1304 電力結合デバイス
1306、1308 可変リアクタンス素子
1310 ブレード
1312 プレート
1314 方向
1316 表面
Claims (33)
- 粒子治療システムであって、
粒子ビームを出力するためのシンクロサイクロトロンと、
前記シンクロサイクロトロンから前記粒子ビームを受け、前記粒子ビームを照射ターゲットの少なくとも一部にわたって移動するための走査システムと、
前記粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットに到達する前に前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるように構成可能である散乱材料と、
前記走査システムを、不規則なグリッドパターンに従って前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部にわたって前記粒子ビームを移動させるように制御する1つまたは複数の処理デバイスと、を含み、前記不規則なグリッドパターン内の前記粒子ビームの少なくともいくつかのスポットが、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に沿った規則的な場所に位置する直線に沿わない、粒子治療システム。 - 前記散乱材料は、前記照射ターゲットの治療過程において前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるように構成可能である、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記散乱材料は、前記照射ターゲットの治療時間と次の治療時間との間に前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるように構成可能である、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 粒子ビームを出力するためのシンクロサイクロトロンと、
照射ターゲットの少なくとも一部にわたって、前記粒子ビームを移動させるための磁石と、
不規則なグリッドパターンに従って、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部にわたって前記粒子ビームを移動させるように前記磁石を制御し、前記照射ターゲットの異なる断面の走査の間に、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを制御する、1つまたは複数の処理デバイスであって、前記不規則なグリッドパターンの前記粒子ビームの少なくともいくつかのスポットが、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に沿った規則的な場所に位置する直線に沿わない、1つまたは複数の処理デバイスと、
前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるために、前記粒子ビームの経路内へ、または経路外への散乱材料の移動を制御するコンピュータシステムと、を備えた、粒子治療システム。 - 前記不規則なグリッドパターンにおいて、前記粒子ビーム間の間隔が変化する、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記不規則なグリッドパターンが、前記照射ターゲットの断面の周に対応する周を有する、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部の異なるスポット間の前記粒子ビームの速度が、実質的に同じである、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 治療計画を保存するためのメモリをさらに含み、前記治療計画が、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に関して前記不規則なグリッドパターンを定義し、前記照射ターゲットのその他の部分に関しても不規則なグリッドパターンを定義する情報を含む、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記照射ターゲットの前記その他の部分に関する異なる不規則なグリッドパターンが、照射されるべきスポットの異なる数、照射されるべきスポットの異なる配置、照射されるべきスポット間の異なる間隔、または異なるパターン周の少なくとも1つを有する、請求項8に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記走査システムが、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部にわたって前記粒子ビームを移動させるように前記粒子ビームの方向に影響を及ぼす磁石を含み、
前記散乱材料が、前記シンクロサイクロトロンに対して前記磁石の下流側にある、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記走査システムがさらに、
前記粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットに到達する前に、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを変えるためのエネルギーデグレーダを含み、前記エネルギーデグレーダが、前記シンクロサイクロトロンに対して、前記散乱材料の下流側にある、請求項10に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記シンクロサイクロトロンが、
高周波(RF)電圧を空洞に印加して空洞内の粒子を加速するための電圧源であって、前記空洞に、前記粒子を、前記空洞内で軌道上を移動するように加速する磁場が存在する、電圧源と、
加速された前記粒子を受け、前記受けた粒子を前記空洞から、前記粒子ビームの一部として出力する引き出しチャネルと、
前記空洞内に磁場バンプを設け、それによって前記空洞内で加速された前記粒子の連続的軌道を変化させ、最終的に、粒子が前記引き出しチャネルに出力される再生器と、を含み、
前記磁場が、前記空洞の中心において4テスラ(T)から20Tの間である、請求項11に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記シンクロサイクロトロン及び前記走査システムの少なくとも一部が取り付けられるガントリーであって、前記シンクロサイクロトロン及び前記走査システムの少なくとも一部を、前記照射ターゲットの周りで少なくとも部分的に移動するように構成された、ガントリーをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記散乱材料が、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部の場所ごとに、前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるように制御可能であり、
前記スポットサイズが、十分の数秒程度の時間尺度で変更可能である、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記散乱材料が、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部の場所ごとに、前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを変えるように制御可能であり、
前記スポットサイズが、数十ミリ秒程度の時間尺度で変更可能である、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記走査システムが、エネルギーデグレーダを含み、前記エネルギーデグレーダが、前記粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に到達する前に、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを変えるように構成可能であり、
前記粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に到達する前に、前記粒子ビームの前記エネルギーを変えるための前記エネルギーデグレーダの少なくとも一部の構成の間に、前記粒子ビームが中断されない、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記不規則なグリッドパターンの前記粒子ビームの少なくともいくつかのスポットが、前記照射ターゲットの少なくとも一部の周を辿る場所に配置される、請求項1に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記照射ターゲットの異なる断面の走査の間に前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを変えるエネルギーデグレーダであって、前記エネルギーデグレーダが、前記シンクロサイクロトロンに対して前記磁石の下流側にある、エネルギーデグレーダをさらに含み、
前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスが、前記照射ターゲットの異なる断面の走査の間に、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを制御するための前記エネルギーデグレーダの1つまたは複数の部分の移動を制御するように構成された、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記不規則なグリッドパターンにおいて、前記粒子ビームのスポット間の間隔が変わる、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記不規則なグリッドパターンが、前記照射ターゲットの断面の周に対応する周を有する、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記磁石が、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部の異なるスポット間で、前記粒子ビームの一定の速度を維持するように制御される、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部について前記不規則なグリッドパターンを定義する情報を含む治療計画を記憶するメモリをさらに含み、前記治療計画が、前記照射ターゲットの他の部分の不規則なグリッドパターンも定義する、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記照射ターゲットの前記他の部分についての異なる不規則なグリッドパターンが、照射されるべきスポットの異なる数、照射されるべきスポットの異なる配置、照射されるべきスポット間の異なる間隔、または異なるパターン周のうちの少なくとも1つを有する、請求項22に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記シンクロサイクロトロンが、空洞内で粒子を加速するために、空洞に高周波(RF)電圧を印加するための電圧源であって、前記空洞内に、前記空洞内の軌道を移動するように粒子を加速する磁場が存在する、電圧源と、
加速された前記粒子を受け、前記受けた粒子を前記空洞から前記粒子ビームの一部として出力する引き出しチャネルと、
前記空洞内に磁場バンプを設け、それによって前記加速された粒子の連続的軌道を変化させ、最終的に、粒子が前記引き出しチャネルに出力される、再生器と、を備え、
前記磁場が前記空洞の中心において4テスラ(T)から20Tの間である、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記シンクロサイクロトロン及び前記磁石が取り付けられたガントリーをさらに含み、前記ガントリーが、前記シンクロサイクロトロン及び前記磁石を、前記照射ターゲットの周囲に少なくとも部分的に移動させるように構成された、請求項24に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記粒子ビームの移動がラスター走査を含む、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記粒子ビームの移動がスポット走査を含む、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記シンクロサイクロトロンが、可変エネルギー機械であり、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスが、前記シンクロサイクロトロンを、特定のエネルギーレベルで前記粒子ビームを出力するように制御することによって、少なくとも部分的に前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを制御するように構成された、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記粒子ビームの速度が、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部のスポットの少なくとも2つの異なる対の間で異なる、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記コンピュータシステムが、前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部において場所ごとに変えるように、前記散乱材料の動きを制御するように構成され、
前記スポットサイズが、十分の数秒程度の時間尺度で変更可能である、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記コンピュータシステムが、前記粒子ビームのスポットサイズを前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部において場所ごとに変えるように、前記散乱材料の動きを制御するように構成され、
前記スポットサイズが、数十ミリ秒程度の時間尺度で変更可能である、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に到達する前に、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを変えるように構成可能であるプレートを含むエネルギーデグレーダをさらに含み、
前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスが、前記プレートを治療領域に出し入れする動きを制御することによって、前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを制御するように構成され、
前記シンクロサイクロトロンによる前記粒子ビームの出力が、前記粒子ビームが前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部に到達する前に前記粒子ビームのエネルギーを変えるように前記プレートを構成する間に中断されない、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記不規則なグリッドパターン内の前記粒子ビームの少なくともいくつかのスポットが、前記照射ターゲットの前記少なくとも一部の周を辿る場所に配置される、請求項4に記載の粒子治療システム。
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