CN102540530A - 集成触摸屏 - Google Patents
集成触摸屏 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及集成触摸屏。提供了包括驱动线和感测线的集成触摸屏,该驱动线由薄膜晶体管层的分组电路部件形成,而该感测线形成在滤色器层与改变或产生光的材料层之间。TFT层中的公共电极(Vcom)可以在触摸感测操作期间分组以形成驱动线。感测线可以形成在滤色器玻璃的下侧上,并且可以将液晶区设置在滤色器玻璃与TFT层之间。将感测线设置在滤色器玻璃的下侧上(即,在显示像素单元内)例如可以提供允许滤色器玻璃在装配像素单元之后被减薄的益处。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及集成触摸屏,并且更具体地说,涉及包括驱动线和感测线的集成触摸屏,该驱动线由薄膜晶体管层的分组电路部件形成,而该感测线形成在滤色器层与改变或产生光的材料层之间。
背景技术
许多类型的输入装置目前可用于在计算系统中执行操作,如按钮或键、鼠标、轨迹球、操纵杆、触摸传感器板、触摸屏等。触摸屏因它们的操作易用性和通用性以及它们的降价而特别变得日益流行。触摸屏可以包括触摸传感器板和显示装置,该触摸传感器板可以是具有触敏表面的透明板,该显示装置诸如是液晶显示器(LCD),其可以部分或完全位于该板后面,使得触敏表面可以覆盖显示装置的至少一部分可视区域。触摸屏可以允许用户利用手指、针笔或其它物体在通常受由显示装置显示的用户接口(UI)所支配的位置处,触摸该触摸传感器板来执行各种功能。一般来说,触摸屏可以识别触摸传感器板上的触摸和该触摸的位置,并且计算系统接着可以根据在触摸时出现的显示来解释该触摸,并且此后,可以基于该触摸执行一个或多个动作。对于某些触摸感测系统的情况来说,不需要显示器上的物理触摸来检测触摸。例如,在某些电容型触摸感测系统中,用于检测触摸的边缘(fringing)电场可以延伸超出显示器的表面,并且可以在表面附近检测接近该表面附近的物体,而不需要实际触摸该表面。
电容性触摸传感器板可以由驱动线和感测线矩阵形成,该驱动线和感测线由大致透明的导电材料(如铟锡氧化物(ITO))制成,通常在大致透明的基板上沿水平和垂直方向按行和列布置。正是由于它们的大致透明性,电容性触摸传感器板可以覆盖在显示器上以形成触摸屏,如上所述。一些触摸屏可以通过将触摸感测电路集成到显示像素层叠(即,形成显示像素的层叠材料层)中来形成。
发明内容
下面的描述包括集成触摸屏的示例,该集成触摸屏包括驱动线和感测线,该驱动线由薄膜晶体管层的分组电路部件形成,该感测线形成在滤色器层与改变或产生光的材料层之间。在一些示例中,触摸屏可以是平面切换(IPS)液晶显示器(LCD)、边缘场切换(FFS)、高级边缘场切换(AFFS)等。TFT层中的公共电极(Vcom)可以在触摸感测操作期间被分组在一起以形成驱动线。感测线可以形成在滤色器玻璃的下侧上,并且可以将液晶区设置在滤色器玻璃与TFT层之间。将感测线放置在滤色器玻璃的下面(即,在显示像素单元内)例如可以提供允许滤色器玻璃在装配了像素单元之后被减薄(thinned)的益处。
附图说明
图1A-1C例示了根据本公开的实施例的、分别包括示例触摸屏的示例移动电话、示例媒体播放器以及示例个人计算机。
图2是例示根据本公开的实施例的示例触摸屏的一个实现的示例计算系统的框图。
图3例示了根据本公开的实施例的触摸屏的感测线、驱动线以及其它示例结构的示例构造。
图3A例示了根据本公开的实施例的示例显示像素层叠。
图4例示了根据本公开的实施例的、包括设置在滤色器玻璃下面的感测线的示例滤色器玻璃的更详细视图。
图5例示了根据本公开的实施例的、包括形成在导电线上的有机涂层的示例滤色器玻璃。
图6例示了根据本公开的实施例的触摸屏的感测线、驱动线以及其它示例结构的其它示例构造。
图7例示了根据本公开的实施例的、包括设置在滤色器玻璃的下侧上的感测线的另一示例滤色器玻璃的更详细视图。
图8例示了根据本公开的实施例的触摸屏的、包括TFT层的电路部件的驱动线的示例构造。
图9例示了根据本公开的实施例的触摸屏的、包括TFT层的电路部件的驱动线的另一示例构造。
图9A例示了根据本公开的实施例的TFT基板的示例电路。
图10例示了根据本公开的实施例的、包括连接至感测线的触点焊盘的滤色器玻璃的示例构造。
图11例示了根据本公开的实施例的TFT玻璃的示例配置。
图12例示了根据本公开的实施例的TFT玻璃的另一示例配置。
图13例示了根据本公开的实施例的、在显示操作中和触摸感测操作中驱动触摸屏的电路部件的示例方法。
图14例示了根据本公开的实施例的滤色器玻璃的另一示例配置。
图15例示了根据本公开的实施例的TFT玻璃的另一示例配置。
具体实施方式
在示例实施例的以下描述中,针对形成本公开的一部分的附图进行说明,并且其中,通过例示可以实践本公开的实施例的具体实施例来示出。应当明白,在不脱离本公开的实施例的范围的情况下,可以使用其它实施例,并且可以进行结构性改变。
下面的描述包括集成触摸屏的示例,该集成触摸屏包括驱动线和感测线,该驱动线由薄膜晶体管层的分组电路部件形成,该感测线形成在滤色器层与改变或产生光的材料层之间。在一些示例中,触摸屏可以是平面切换(IPS)液晶显示器(LCD)、边缘场切换(FFS)、高级边缘场切换(AFFS)等。TFT层中的公共电极(Vcom)可以在触摸感测操作期间被分组在一起以形成驱动线。感测线可以形成在滤色器玻璃的下侧上,并且可以将液晶区设置在滤色器玻璃与TFT层之间。将感测线放置在滤色器玻璃的下侧上(即,在显示像素单元内)例如可以提供允许滤色器玻璃在装配像素单元之后被减薄的益处。
在其中将图像显示在触摸屏上的显示操作期间,例如,通过运送公共电压,以与像素电极上的像素电压结合地生成横跨液晶的电场,Vcom可以用作显示电路的一部分。在触摸感测操作期间,可以将激励信号施加至形成驱动线的一组Vcom。基于激励信号的感测信号可以通过滤色器玻璃的下侧上的感测线接收,并且可以通过触摸处理器来处理,以确定触摸屏上的触摸量和触摸位置。
图1A-1C示出了其中可以实现根据本公开的实施例的触摸屏的示例系统。图1A例示了包括触摸屏124的示例移动电话136。图1B例示了包括触摸屏126的示例数字媒体播放器140。图1C例示了包括触摸屏128的示例个人计算机144。触摸屏124、126以及128可以基于互电容。基于互电容的触摸系统例如可以包括驱动区和感测区,如驱动线和感测线。例如,驱动线可以按行形成,而感测线可以按列(例如,正交地)形成。触摸像素可以形成在行和列的相交点处。在操作期间,行利用AC波形激励,从而可以在触摸像素的行与列之间形成互电容。随着物体接近触摸像素,在触摸像素的行与列之间耦合的一些电荷可以改为耦合到该物体上。跨触摸像素耦合的电荷的这种缩减可以导致行与列之间的互电容的净减小、和跨触摸像素耦合的AC波形的缩减。电荷耦合的AC波形的这种缩减可以通过触摸感测系统检测和测量,以在多个物体触摸触摸屏时确定它们的位置。在一些实施例中,触摸屏可以是多触摸的、单触摸的、投影扫描(projection scan)的、全成像(full-imaging)多触摸的、电容性触摸的等。
图2是例示根据本公开的实施例的、示例触摸屏220的一个实现的示例计算系统200的框图。计算系统200例如可以包括在移动电话136、数字媒体播放器140、个人计算机144,或者包括触摸屏的任何移动或非移动计算装置中。计算系统200可以包括触摸感测系统,该触摸感测系统包括一个或多个触摸处理器202、外设204、触摸控制器206以及触摸感测电路(下面更详细描述)。外设204可以包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM)或其它类型的存储器或存储装置、监视(watchdog)计时器等。触摸控制器206可以包括但不限于一个或多个感测通道208、通道扫瞄逻辑器210以及驱动逻辑器214。通道扫瞄逻辑器210可以访问RAM 212,从感测通道自动读取数据以及向感测通道提供控制。另外,通道扫瞄逻辑器210可以控制器驱动逻辑器214,以按各种频率和相位生成激励信号216,该激励信号可以选择性地施加至触摸屏220的触摸感测电路的驱动线,如下更详细描述的。在一些实施例中,触摸控制器206、触摸处理器202以及外设204可以被集成到单个专用集成电路(ASIC)中。
计算系统200还可以包括主机处理器228,该主机处理器用于接收来自触摸处理器202的输出并且基于该输出执行动作。例如,主机处理器228可以连接至程序存储装置232和显示控制器,如LCD驱动器234。LCD驱动器234可以在选择(选通)线上向每个像素晶体管提供电压,并且可以沿数据线向这些相同晶体管提供数据信号,以控制像素显示图像,如下更详细描述的。主机处理器228可以使用LCD驱动器234,以在触摸屏220上生成图像,如用户接口(UI)的图像,并且可以使用触摸处理器202和触摸控制器206,以检测触摸屏220上或附近的触摸,如输入至所显示的UI的触摸。该触摸输入可以被存储在程序存储装置232中的计算机程序用来执行动作,所述动作可以包括但不限于:移动诸如光标或指针的目标、滚动或扫视(panning)、调节控制设置、打开文件或文档、查看菜单、进行选择、执行指令、操作连接至主机装置的外设、应答电话呼叫、发出电话呼叫、终止电话呼叫、改变音量或音频设置、存储与电话通信有关的信息(如地址、频繁拨打的号码、所接收呼叫、未接呼叫)、登录到计算机或计算机网络、准许经授权个体接入至计算机或计算机网络的受限制区域、加载与计算机桌面的用户优选布置相关联的用户简档、准许接入web内容、开始特定程序、加密或解码消息等。主机处理器228还可以执行可以与触摸处理无关的附加功能。
触摸屏220可以包括触摸感测电路,其可以包括具有多条驱动线222和多条感测线223的电容性感测介质。应注意到,如本领域技术人员容易理解,术语“线”在此有时用于意指简单导电路径,并且不限于精确为直线的部件,而是包括改变方向的路径,并且包括不同尺寸、形状、材料等的路径,和可以电连接以形成单个导电路径的多个导电电路部件。驱动线222可以借助来自驱动逻辑器214的通过驱动接口224a和224b的激励信号216来驱动,并且在感测线223中生成的所得感测信号217可以通过感测接口225传送至触摸控制器206中的感测通道208(还称为事件检测和解调电路)。该激励信号可以是交流(AC)波形。这样,驱动线和感测线可以是可以相互作用以形成电容性感测节点(其可以被看作诸如触摸像素226和227的触摸图片部件(触摸像素))的触摸感测电路的一部分。这种理解方式在触摸屏220被视为捕捉触摸的“图像”时特别有用。换句话说,在触摸控制器206已经确定在触摸屏中的每一个触摸像素处检测到的触摸量之后,触摸屏中的发生触摸的触摸像素的图案可以被看作触摸的“图像”(例如,触摸触摸屏的手指的图案)。
下面,参照图3-15对集成触摸屏的各种示例实施例的结构和操作进行描述。
图3例示了触摸屏的感测线、驱动线以及其它示例结构的示例实施例。图3示出了沿图2所示的线“A”的、触摸屏220的左下侧部分的更详细视图。在图3所示的示例实施例中,每一条感测线223都包括多条导电线301,例如,在该示例实施例中为五条导电线。导电线301设置在滤色器玻璃与TFT玻璃之间,在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上。滤色器玻璃303可以包括多个滤色器305。在该示例实施例中,每个滤色器305包括三种颜色:蓝色(B)、绿色(G)以及红色(R),如在RGB显示器中。每一条导电线301位于两列滤色器305之间。在这个示例中,滤色器的列之间的空间可以加宽以容纳导电线。在所示的示例中,可以将每条感测线223的五条导电线301连接至触点焊盘307,触点焊盘307导电地连接感测线的导电线,并且允许每组五条导电线像单个感测线一样操作。触点焊盘307例如可以电连接至如图2所示的触摸控制器206的感测通道208,以使得通过每一条感测线223接收的感测信号217可以被触摸控制器处理。
图3还示出了其上可以形成电路部件311的TFT玻璃309。电路部件311例如可以是多功能电路部件,其操作为触摸屏的显示电路的一部分,并且还操作为触摸屏的触摸感测电路的一部分。在一些实施例中,电路部件311可以是仅操作为触摸感测系统的一部分的单功能电路部件。除了电路部件311以外,可以在TFT玻璃309上形成其它电路部件(未示出),如晶体管、电容器、导电通孔、数据线、选通线等。本领域技术人员应当理解,形成在TFT玻璃309上的电路部件311和其它电路部件可以一起操作,以执行针对触摸屏220所使用的显示技术类型所需的各种显示功能。该电路部件例如可以包括可以存在于常规LCD显示器中的部件。应注意到,该电路部件不限于完整的电路组件,如完整的电容器、完整的晶体管等,而是可以包括电路的多个部分,如仅包括平行板形电容器的两个板中的一个板。
电路部件311中的一些可以电连接在一起,使得电路部件311和它们的接线(interconnection)一起形成驱动线222。参照图8-9,对将电路部件311连接在一起以形成驱动线222的各种示例方法进行更详细的讨论。电路部件311中位于驱动线222之间的一些电路部件可以用作缓冲区313。缓冲区313的一个目的可以是彼此分离驱动线222,以缩减或防止串扰和杂散电容影响。缓冲区313中的电路部件311例如可以不与驱动线222连接。在各种实施例中,缓冲区313中的一些或全部电路部件311例如可以彼此电连接,彼此不电连接,在触摸感测操作期间保持在固定电压,在触摸感测操作期间保持在浮动电位等。图3所示的感测线223和驱动线222的示例构造例如可以如图2所示布置为交叠正交栅格,以形成触摸像素226和227。尽管图3未例示,但应当明白,可以设置第一和第二偏光器,第一偏光器可以与TFT玻璃相邻,而第二偏光器可以与滤色器玻璃相邻,以使TFT玻璃和滤色器玻璃设置在第一与第二偏光器之间。
图3还示出了设置在TFT玻璃309与滤色器玻璃303之间的像素材料315。在图3中将像素材料315示出为电路部件311上方的分离容积(volumn)区或单元。例如,当像素材料是液晶时,这些容积区或单元意在例示由所述容积区或单元的像素电极和公共电极所生成的电场控制的液晶的区域。像素材料315可以是当通过触摸屏220的显示电路操作时,可以生成或控制由每一个显示像素产生的光的量、颜色等的材料。例如,在LCD触摸屏中,像素材料315可以由液晶形成,并且每一个显示像素控制液晶的容积区或单元。在这种情况下,例如,存在用于在显示操作中操作液晶以控制源自每一个显示像素的光的量的各种方法,例如,根据触摸屏所采用的LCD技术的类型,沿特定方向施加电场。在平面切换(IPS)、边缘场切换(FFS)以及高级边缘场切换(AFFS)LCD显示器中,例如,设置在液晶的同一侧上的像素电极与公共电极(Vcom)之间的电场可以对液晶材料起作用,以控制来背光的、穿过显示像素的光的量。在OLED(有机发光二极管)显示器中,例如,像素材料315例如可以是在每一个像素中在跨该材料施加电压时发光的有机材料。本领域技术人员应当明白,可以根据触摸屏的显示技术的类型来使用各种像素材料。
图3A例示了显示像素(举例来说,如特定R、B或G子像素)的放大视图。如可以在图3A中看出,可以设置有第一基板325(如图3的TFT玻璃309)、第二基板327(如图3的滤色器玻璃303)、第一偏光器329以及第二偏光器331。第一偏光器329可以靠近第一基板325设置,而第二偏光器331可以靠近第二基板327设置。出于例示的目的,将第一基板325中的一个显示像素极大地放大示出。TFT 335可以具有栅极337、连接至数据线341的源极339,以及连接至像素电极345的漏极343。公共电极347可以靠近像素电极345设置,并且可以连接至公共电极导电线349。介电材料层351a、351b以及351c可以如图3A所示设置,以彼此分离电极。图3A还例示了栅极绝缘层353。像素电极345与公共电极347之间的边缘电场可以在显示操作期间控制设置在第一与第二基板之间的像素材料,以便提供显示图像。
图4例示了滤色器玻璃303的更详细视图。图4包括滤色器305、形成感测线223的导电线301。导电线301例如可以是诸如铝等的金属线。在这方面,导电线301可以位于黑色掩膜(black mask)401后面,以使导电线对于用户不可见。因此,导电线301不需要是透明导电体。然而,在一些示例实施例中,导电线301可以是透明金属。尽管在图4所示的示例实施例中,滤色器305的列之间的间距可以加宽以容纳导电线301,但在一些实施例中,该间距可以不同,包括滤色器之间的等间距。
图5例示了包括形成在导电线301上方的有机涂层501的示例实施例。换句话说,导电线301可以形成在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上,并接着可以将有机涂层501形成在导电线301上,以使导电线设置在滤色器玻璃303与有机涂层501之间。有机涂层501可以由可以保护导电线以使其免于暴露至化学品、不受物理磨损等的材料形成。
图6例示了示出感测线223的另一示例构造的另一示例实施例。如在图3所示示例中,图6所示实施例是沿图2所示线“A”的立体图。在图6所示示例实施例中,每一条感测线223可以包括导电网格601。导电网格601例如可以由形成在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上的金属线、金属条等形成。导电网格601例如可以是导电正交栅格,其导电线设置在单个滤色器305之间。
由导电网格601形成的感测线223可以导电地连接至触点焊盘307,以使得由感测线接收的感测信号可以传送至触摸控制器206以供处理。与先前实施例类似的是,图6中的示例实施例所示的触摸屏220的一部分包括驱动线222和缓冲区313,其每一个都可以由已经操作地或物理地分组以执行它们各自的功能的电路部件311形成。在触摸感测操作中,施加至驱动线222的激励信号可以允许触摸通过各个触摸像素(如触摸像素226和227)的多个区域中的感测线223来感测。与图3所示示例实施例类似的是,图6所示示例实施例也包括像素材料315。
图7例示了图6的示例实施例中所示的滤色器玻璃303的更详细视图。图7包括滤色器305、和形成感测线203的导电网格601。导电网格601例如可以由诸如铝等的不透明金属线形成。在这方面,导电网格601可以位于黑色掩膜701后面,以使导电网格对于用户不可见。因此,在这个实施例中,导电网格601不需要由透明导电体制成。然而,在一些示例实施例中,导电网格601可以是透明材料。
图8例示了根据各种实施例的驱动线222和缓冲区313的示例构造的更详细视图。在该示例实施例中,电路部件313可以包括公共电极801。公共电极801可以操作为多功能电路部件,其在触摸屏的显示操作中可以操作为显示电路的一部分,而在触摸屏的触摸感测操作中可以操作为触摸感测电路的一部分。公共电极801可以与导电线803电连接,以形成所需区域,如操作为驱动线222的区域、和操作为缓冲区313的区域。在该示例实施例中,公共电极功能区可以与固定导电线物理连接。换句话说,每一个区域中的公共电极可以通过触摸屏的物理设计而永久性地连接。换句话说,公共电极801可以分组以形成驱动线。显示像素的分组多功能电路部件可以包括一起操作显示像素的多功能电路部件,以执行该组的公共功能。分组成多个功能区域可以通过一种方法或组合方法(例如,系统的结构性配置(例如,物理断路和旁路、电压线配置)、系统的操作性配置(例如,切换电路部件的接通/断开、改变电压线上的电压电平和/或信号)等)来实现。
可以通过驱动引线805将激励信号施加至驱动线222。例如,驱动引线可以电连接至驱动逻辑器214,其可以在触摸感测操作期间提供激励信号。缓冲区313可以连接至缓冲引线807,其可以连接至缓冲操作器(未示出)。
在图8所示示例中,每一个公共电极(Vcom)801可以用作多功能电路部件,其可以操作为触摸屏220的显示系统的显示电路,并且还可以操作为触摸感测系统的触摸感测电路。在这个示例中,每一个公共电极801可以操作为触摸屏的显示电路的公共电极,并且在与其它公共电极分组时还可以一起操作为触摸屏的触摸感测电路。例如,一组公共电极801在触摸感测操作期间可以一起操作为触摸感测电路的驱动线的一部分。触摸屏220的其它电路部件例如可以通过将一个区域中的公共电极801电连接在一起、切换电连接等,而形成触摸感测电路的一部分。每一个显示像素可以包括公共电极801,其可以是某些类型的常规LCD显示器(例如,边缘场切换(FFS)显示器)的显示像素的像素层叠(即,形成显示像素的层叠材料层)中的显示系统电路的电路部件,其可以操作为该显示系统的一部分以显示图像。
一般来说,每一个触摸感测电路部件可以是多功能电路部件或单功能电路部件,所述多功能电路部件可以形成触摸感测电路的一部分并且可以执行一个或多个其它功能,如形成显示电路的一部分,所述单功能电路部件可以仅操作为触摸感测电路。类似地,每一个显示电路部件也可以是多功能电路部件或单功能电路部件,所述多功能电路部件可以操作为显示电路并且执行一个或多个其它功能,如操作为触摸感测电路,所述单功能电路部件可以仅操作为显示电路。因此,在一些实施例中,显示像素层叠中的一些电路部件可以是多功能部件,而其它电路部件可以是单功能电路部件。在其它实施例中,显示像素层叠中的所有电路部件可以是单功能电路部件。
在图9所示的实施例中,用于形成驱动线的电路部件(在这个示例中,Vcom 901)可以通过导电线903在TFT玻璃上物理地连接在一起,以形成相连接的Vcom 901的单独行。单独行的Vcom(即,Vcom驱动行905)可以利用触点焊盘907与外设中的其它Vcom驱动行连接。在这个示例中,每一条驱动线222可以通过固定的电连接形成。
图9A例示了先前在图3、6、8以及9中例示的TFT玻璃基板的更详细视图。应当明白,像素电极、选通线、数据线、TFT部件以及与公共电极相连接的公共电极导电线也在图3、6、8以及9中呈现,但为简化例示而省略了。由此,如图9A中看出,选通线925沿行(水平)方向延伸,而数据线927沿列(垂直)方向延伸。选通线可以连接至晶体管929(例如,薄膜晶体管,TFT)的栅极,并且控制(例如,接通)这些晶体管,以在显示操作期间准许来自数据线927的数据施加至像素电极931。在显示操作期间,公共电极901可以保持在预置电压。图9A还示出了沿行和列方向互连公共电极901的导电线903。电场可以通过像素电极931与其对应的公共电极901之间的电压差形成,并且该电场可以控制设置在第一基板上方(设置在第一与第二基板之间)的像素材料。像素可以形成在选通线925与数据线927的每一个交叉处,并且包括像素电极931及其对应的公共电极901。
图10和11分别例示了根据各个实施例的示例滤色器玻璃设计和示例TFT设计。图10包括多条感测线223的示例配置,每一条感测线包括连接至多个触点焊盘(如触点焊盘311)的多个导电线(如导电线301)。为清楚起见,在图10中未示出各个滤色器,在该示例实施例中,导电线301和触点焊盘307例如可以通过物理气相淀积(PVD)形成在滤色器玻璃303上。
图11例示了根据各个示例实施例的示例TFT玻璃。TFT玻璃1101可以包括各种触摸感测电路和显示电路。触摸感测电路例如可以包括驱动线222。在该示例实施例中,每一条驱动线222可以包括多个Vcom驱动行1103。在该示例实施例中,驱动线222中的每一个Vcom驱动行1103可以连接至TFT玻璃左侧上的单个导电触点焊盘1105,并且连接至TFT玻璃右侧上的单个触点焊盘1105。触点焊盘1105可以通过驱动信号线1107、通过触摸柔性电路1109连接直至触摸控制器206(图2)。这样,例如,多个Vcom驱动行1103可以在触摸感测操作期间一起作为单个驱动线222驱动。TFT玻璃1101还可以包括集成驱动器1111,其例如可以利用诸如选通线、数据线等的各种显示电路部件来驱动显示电路。触摸柔性电路1109还可以连接至感测信号线1113,其可以通过导电膏1115连接至滤色器玻璃上的触点焊盘307。
图12例示了另一示例TFT玻璃设计。图12示出了其中各个行的Vcom电连接在一起以形成Vcom驱动行1203的TFT玻璃1201。换句话说,与先前实施例类似的是,Vcom驱动行1203中的每一个Vcom电路部件永久性地连接至该驱动行中的另一个Vcom。然而,在图12所示示例实施例中,每一个单独的Vcom驱动行1203可以连接至TFT玻璃1201的外围的Vcom驱动器1205。Vcom驱动器1205可以操作每一条驱动线222中的Vcom驱动行1203,以在触摸感测操作期间在每一条驱动线222的每一个单独的Vcom驱动行1203上生成相同激励信号。换句话说,可以将第一激励信号施加至第一组各个行的Vcom,并且可以将第二激励信号施加至第二组各个行的Vcom,这样,例如,即使单独的Vcom驱动行本身未通过固定电连接彼此连接,一组多个Vcom驱动行1203也可以一起作为单个驱动行222操作。
同样地,在触摸屏的显示操作期间,集成选通驱动器1207可以将单独的Vcom驱动行1203操作为显示电路的一部分,以在触摸屏上显示图像。因此,在该示例实施例中,根据触摸屏的操作,单独的Vcom驱动行1203可以按照需要分组在一起或者单独地操作。
图13例示了在显示操作中和触摸感测操作中驱动触摸屏的电路部件的示例方法。该示例方法例如可以应用于包括图12的TFT玻璃1201的设计的触摸屏的操作。在该示例实施例中,其中显示图像的显示操作和其中感测触摸的触摸感测操作可以通过不同地操作触摸屏的不同部分而同时发生,即,一组电路部件可以操作为显示电路以显示图像,而同时,另一组电路部件可以操作为触摸感测电路以感测触摸。
在第一时段1301中,集成选通驱动器1207,连同其它显示电路一起,可以更新第一组1303电路部件,例如单独行的显示像素,以在触摸屏上显示图像的一行。例如,集成选通驱动器1207可以将公共电压施加至第一行显示像素中的Vcom。同时,在第一时段1301中,Vcom驱动器1205可以将激励信号施加至包括第二组1307电路部件的第一驱动线1305。施加激励信号例如可以包括:将相同激励信号施加至第一驱动线222中的每一个单独的Vcom驱动行1203。因为当前被集成选通驱动器1207扫描的图像扫描行不位于第一驱动线1305中,所以用于更新所显示的图像的Vcom驱动行1203不与作为驱动线用于感测触摸的Vcom驱动行1203交叠。
第二时段1302示出了第三组1309电路部件可以被操作为显示电路,例如,集成选通驱动器1207可以将公共电压施加至第三行显示像素中的Vcom。施加至第三行中的Vcom的公共电压例如可以具有与施加至第一行显示像素中的Vcom的公共电压相反的极性。同时,在第二时段1302中,Vcom驱动器1205可以将激励信号施加至第二驱动线1311,其包括第一组1303电路部件和附加行的Vcom 1313。这样,例如,显示操作和触摸感测操作可以在集成的触摸屏中同时发生。
在图13所示示例驱动方法中,显示更新可以针对单独的Vcom驱动行1203一行接一行地进行。在一些实施例中,集成选通驱动器1207同样可以一行接一行地改变Vcom极性。例如,针对每一行显示像素,集成选通驱动器1207可以操作以改变Vcom的极性,将该行显示像素的栅极切换至“导通”状态,将数据写入到每一个显示像素中,以及将栅极切换至“截止”状态。当操作不同的多行Vcom以与显示更新同时执行触摸感测时,如在该示例实施例中,应注意到,在触摸感测组的电路部件中,没有数据写入到驱动线中的多行像素中的显示像素中,这是因为这些行的显示像素的选通线处于“截止”状态。
图14例示了感测线223的另一示例构造。图14例示了滤色器玻璃303,其包括在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上的、由诸如铟锡氧化物(ITO)的透明导电体形成的感测线223。ITO可以淀积在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上,以覆盖包括覆盖滤色器305的邻接区域。图14还例示了感测线223之间的接地区域1401。接地区域1401可以由透明导电体(如形成在滤色器玻璃303的下侧上的ITO)形成,并且在每一条感测线的任一侧上与感测线电分离。接地区域1401例如可以连接至板周围的地或虚拟地。在感测区域之间设置接地区域在某些实施例中可以帮助缩减干扰。
图15例示了示例TFT玻璃设计:TFT玻璃1501。在这个示例中,TFT玻璃1501可以包括各种触摸感测电路和显示电路。触摸感测电路例如可以包括驱动线222。在该示例实施例中,每一条驱动线222可以包括多个Vcom驱动行1503。在该示例实施例中,驱动线222中的每一个Vcom驱动行1503可以连接至TFT玻璃左侧上的单个导电触点焊盘1505,并且可以连接至TFT玻璃右侧上的单个触点焊盘1505。触点焊盘1505可以通过触摸柔性电路1509、通过驱动信号线1507连接至触摸控制器206。这样,例如,在触摸感测操作期间,多个Vcom驱动行1503可以一起作为单个驱动线222驱动。TFT玻璃1501还可以包括例如可以利用诸如选通线、数据线等的各种显示电路部件来驱动显示电路的集成驱动器1511。触摸柔性电路1509还可以连接至感测信号线1513,其可以通过导电膏1515连接至滤色器玻璃上的触点焊盘307。
在图3、6、8以及9中,每一行显示像素都被例示为具有针对每一个显示像素的分离的公共电极。然而,这些公共电极(例如,图3和6中的电路部件311、图8中的公共电极801以及图9的公共电极901)可以不是与每一个像素电极相对应的、物理上不同且分离的结构。在一些实施例中,跨一特定行(举例来说,如图9的Vcom驱动行905)电连接在一起的公共电极可以通过由导电材料(例如,ITO)制成的单个连续层形成。而且,由导电材料(ITO)制成的单个连续层可以被用于如图8所示的整个驱动线222,其中,每一个驱动线222内的示例公共电极沿行(第一方向)和列(与第一方向垂直的第二方向)两者电连接在一起。
另外,尽管示例实施例在此可以将显示电路描述为在显示操作期间操作,而将触摸感测电路描述为在触摸感测操作期间操作,但应当明白,显示操作和触摸感测操作可以同时操作,例如,部分或完全交迭,或者显示操作和触摸阶段可以在不同时间操作。而且,尽管示例实施例在此将某些电路部件描述为多功能,而将其它电路部件描述为单功能,但应当明白,这些电路部件在其它实施例中不限于特定功能。换句话说,在此处的一个示例实施例中描述为单功能电路部件的电路部件在其它实施例中可以被配置为单功能电路部件,反之亦然。
尽管已经参照附图对本公开的实施例进行了全面描述,但应注意到,考虑到本描述和附图,包括但不限于组合不同实施例的特征、省略一个或多个特征等的各种改变和修改对于本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。
例如,上述计算系统200的一个或多个功能可以通过存储在存储器(例如,图2中的外设204中的一个)中并且由触摸处理器202执行的固件,或者存储在程序存储装置232中并且由主机处理器228执行的固件来执行。该固件还可以在任何计算机可读介质内存储和/或传输,以供或者结合指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统,包含处理器的系统,或者可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取回指令并且执行该指令的其它系统)使用。在本文档的上下文中,“计算机可读介质”可以是可以包含或存储用于供或者结合指令执行系统、装置或设备使用的程序的任何介质。该计算机可读介质可以包括但不限于:电子、磁性、光学、电磁、红外线或半导体系统、装置或设备,便携式计算机盘(磁性),随机存取存储器(RAM)(磁性),只读存储器(ROM)(磁性),可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)(磁性),便携式光盘(如CD、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD、DVD-R或者DVD-RW),或者闪速存储器(如紧凑型闪存卡、安全数字卡、USB存储器装置、存储器棒)等。
该固件还可以在任何传输介质内传播,以供或者结合指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统,包含处理器的系统,或者可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取回指令并且执行该指令的其它系统)使用。在本文的上下文中,“传输介质”可以是可以传送、传播或传输用于供或者结合指令执行系统、装置或设备使用的程序的任何介质。该传输可读介质可以包括但不限于:电子、磁性、光学、电磁或红外线有线或无线传播介质。
示例实施例在此可以参照其中x方向和y方向分别等同于水平方向和垂直方向的笛卡尔坐标系进行描述。然而,本领域技术人员应当明白,针对特定坐标系的引用仅出于清楚的目的,而不是将部件的方向限制成特定方向或特定坐标系。而且,尽管特定材料和材料的类型可以包括在示例实施例的描述中,本领域技术人员应当明白,可以使用实现相同功能的其它材料。例如,应当明白,如在下面的示例中描述的“金属层”可以是由任何导电材料制成的层。
在一些实施例中,驱动线和/或感测线可以由其它部件形成,例如包括:已经存在于典型LCD显示器中的其它部件(例如,还充任典型LCD显示器中的电路部件的其它电极、导电层和/或半导体层、金属线,例如,用于运送信号、存储电压等),形成在LCD层叠中的、不是典型LCD层叠部件的其它部件(例如,其它金属线、板,其功能基本上用于触摸屏的触摸感测系统),以及形成在LCD层叠的外部的部件(举例来说,如外部大致透明的导电板、导线以及其它部件)。例如,触摸感测系统的一部分可以包括与已知触摸板覆盖物类似的部件。
尽管参照显示像素对各种实施例进行了描述,但本领域技术人员应当明白,在其中将显示像素划分成子像素的实施例中,术语显示像素可以与数据显示子像素互换地使用。例如,涉及RGB显示器的一些实施例可以包括划分成红色、绿色以及蓝色子像素的显示像素。换句话说,在一些实施例中,每一个子像素可以是红色(R)、绿色(G),或蓝色(B)子像素,并且全部三种R、G和B子像素的组合形成一个彩色显示像素。本领域技术人员应当明白,可以使用其它类型的触摸屏。例如,在一些实施例中,子像素可以基于其它颜色的光,或者其它波长的电磁辐射(例如,红外线),或者可以基于单色配置,其中,该图中所示的每一个结构作为子像素可以是单色像素。
因此,鉴于上述内容,本公开的一些实施例涉及包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:滤色器层;包括多条驱动线的薄膜晶体管(TFT)层;设置在TFT层与滤色器层之间的液晶层;以及设置在液晶层与滤色器层之间的多条感测线。在其它实施例中,每一个显示像素都包括处于TFT层中的电路部件,并且每一条驱动线包括多个电路部件。在其它实施例中,处于显示像素的每一个单独行中的电路部件通过固定的导电连接电连接,并且在触摸感测操作期间,将第一激励信号施加至电路部件的第一多个单独行,而将第二激励信号施加至电路部件的第二多个单独行。在其它实施例中,电路部件在触摸屏的显示操作期间连接至显示电路。在其它实施例中,电路部件包括公共电极。在其它实施例中,电路部件在显示操作期间向液晶层施加电场。在其它实施例中,触摸屏的感测线包括设置在滤色器层上的多条导电线。在其它实施例中,每一条感测线包括设置在滤色器层上的多个导电网格。在其它实施例中,滤色器层包括黑色掩膜,并且感测线设置在黑色掩膜上。
本公开的其它实施例涉及包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:滤色器层;多条驱动线,所述多条驱动线在触摸感测操作期间运送激励信号;像素材料,该像素材料设置在所述多条驱动线与滤色器层之间,像素材料包括光改变材料和发光材料中的一种;显示电路,该显示电路在显示操作期间,控制每一个显示像素的像素材料,以使得来自每一个显示像素的控制光量穿过滤色器以形成图像;以及多条感测线,所述多条感测线基于激励信号接收感测信号,所述多条感测线设置在像素材料与滤色器层之间。在其它实施例中,所述多条感测线设置在滤色器层上。在其它实施例中,滤色器包括多个单独的滤色器,并且感测线包括设置在单独的滤色器之间的导电材料。在其它实施例中,感测线包括不透明导电材料。在其它实施例中,感测线包括透明导电材料。在其它实施例中,将有机涂层设置感测线上。
本公开的其它实施例涉及一种操作包括多个电路部件的集成触摸屏的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:在将图像显示在触摸屏上的第一显示操作中,操作第一组电路部件作为显示电路;以及在感测触摸屏上或附近的触摸的第一触摸感测操作中,操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路,其中,在第一显示操作中操作第一组电路部件与在第一触摸感测操作中操作第二组电路部件同时发生。在其它实施例中,该方法还包括以下步骤:在第二触摸感测操作中操作第一组电路部件作为触摸感测电路。在其它实施例中,该方法还包括以下步骤:在第二显示操作中,操作第三组电路部件作为显示电路,其中,在第二显示操作中操作第三组电路部件与在第二触摸感测操作中操作第一组电路部件同时发生。在其它实施例中,第二触摸感测操作包括与操作第一组电路部件同时地操作一个或多个附加组的电路部件作为触摸感测电路。在其它实施例中,在第一触摸感测操作中操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路包括:向第二组电路部件施加激励信号。在其它实施例中,电路部件包括公共电极。在其它实施例中,第一组电路部件包括公共电极的第一行,并且在第一显示操作中操作第一组电路部件包括:向公共电极的第一行施加第一公共电压。在其它实施例中,该方法还包括以下步骤:向第二行公共电极施加第二公共电压,该第二公共电压与第一公共电极的极性相反。在其它实施例中,第二组电路部件包括多行公共电极。在其它实施例中,所述多行公共电极通过固定导电连接电连接。
本公开的其它实施例涉及包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:第一基板,该第一基板具有设置在其上的多个显示像素,每一个显示像素具有像素电极和切换部件,该切换部件用于在操作的显示模式期间将数据线连接至像素电极,以在触摸屏上显示图像,并且用于在操作的触摸感测模式期间,将数据线与像素电极断开;所述多个显示像素具有公共电极,该公共电极用于在操作的显示模式期间接收公共电压,而在操作的触摸感测模式期间接收激励电压;第二基板,该第二基板包括滤色器;像素材料,该像素材料设置在第一基板与第二基板之间;以及多条感测线,所述多条感测线直接或间接设置在第二基板的面对第一基板的一侧上。在其它实施例中,激励采用交变波形的形式。在其它实施例中,所述多个显示像素沿第一方向并且沿与第一方向垂直的第二方向布置,其中,多条驱动线中的每一条驱动线由沿第一方向设置的至少一组公共电极形成;并且所述多条感测线沿与第一方向交叉的第二方向设置;其中,所述多条驱动线与所述多条感测线的每一个相交点形成电容性感测节点。
Claims (28)
1.一种包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:
滤色器层;
薄膜晶体管(TFT)层,包括多条驱动线;
液晶层,设置在所述TFT层与所述滤色器层之间;以及
多条感测线,设置在所述液晶层与所述滤色器层之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触摸屏,其中,每一个显示像素包括处于所述TFT层中的电路部件,并且每一条驱动线包括多个所述电路部件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的触摸屏,其中,处于显示像素的每一单独行中的电路部件通过固定的导电连接而被电连接,并且在触摸感测操作期间,将第一激励信号施加至所述电路部件的第一多个单独行,而将第二激励信号施加至所述电路部件的第二多个单独行。
4.根据权利要求2所述的触摸屏,其中,所述电路部件在所述触摸屏的显示操作期间连接至显示电路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的触摸屏,其中,每一条感测线包括设置在所述滤色器层上的多条导电线。
6.根据权利要求5所述的触摸屏,其中,每一条感测线包括设置在所述滤色器层上的导电网格。
7.根据权利要求1所述的触摸屏,其中,所述滤色器层包括黑色掩膜,并且所述多条感测线设置在所述黑色掩膜上。
8.一种包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:
滤色器层;
多条驱动线,在触摸感测操作期间运送激励信号;
像素材料,设置在所述多条驱动线与所述滤色器层之间,所述像素材料包括光改变材料和光产生材料之一;
显示电路,在显示操作期间控制每一个显示像素的像素材料,以使来自每一个显示像素的受控光量穿过所述滤色器层以形成图像;以及
多条感测线,接收基于所述激励信号的感测信号,所述多条感测线设置在所述像素材料与所述滤色器层之间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的触摸屏,其中,所述多条感测线设置在所述滤色器层上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的触摸屏,其中,所述滤色器层包括多个单独的滤色器,并且所述多条感测线包括设置在所述多个单独的滤色器之间的导电材料。
11.一种操作包括多个电路部件的集成触摸屏的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
在将图像显示在所述触摸屏上的第一显示操作中,操作第一组电路部件作为显示电路;和
在感测所述触摸屏上或附近的触摸的第一触摸感测操作中,操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路,
其中,在所述第一显示操作中操作所述第一组电路部件与在所述第一触摸感测操作中操作所述第二组电路部件同时发生。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
在第二触摸感测操作中操作所述第一组电路部件作为触摸感测电路。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
在第二显示操作中操作第三组电路部件作为显示电路,
其中,在所述第二显示操作中操作第三组电路部件与在所述第二触摸感测操作中操作第一组电路部件同时发生。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述第二触摸感测操作包括:与操作第一组电路部件同时操作另外的一组或多组电路部件作为触摸感测电路。
15.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,在所述第一触摸感测操作中操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路包括:向第二组电路部件施加激励信号。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述电路部件包括公共电极。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,第一组电路部件包括所述公共电极的第一行,并且在所述第一显示操作中操作第一组电路部件包括:向所述公共电极的所述第一行施加第一公共电压。
18.一种包括多个显示像素的触摸屏,该触摸屏包括:
第一基板,其上设置有多个显示像素,每一个显示像素具有像素电极和切换部件,该切换部件用于在操作的显示模式期间将数据线连接至所述像素电极,以在所述触摸屏上显示图像,并且用于在操作的触摸感测模式期间将所述数据线与所述像素电极断开;
所述多个显示像素,具有公共电极,该公共电极用于在操作的显示模式期间接收公共电压,在操作的触摸感测模式期间接收激励电压;
第二基板,该第二基板包括滤色器;
像素材料,设置在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间;以及
多条感测线,直接或间接设置在所述第二基板的面对所述第一基板的一侧上。
19.根据权利要求18所述的触摸屏,其中,所述激励电压采用交变波形的形式。
20.根据权利要求19所述的触摸屏,其中,所述多个显示像素沿第一方向并且沿与所述第一方向垂直的第二方向布置,其中,由沿所述第一方向设置的至少一组公共电极形成多条驱动线中的每一条驱动线;并且
所述多条感测线沿所述第二方向设置,与所述第一方向交叉;
其中,所述多条驱动线与所述多条感测线的每一个相交点形成电容性感测节点。
21.一种计算装置,包括根据权利要求1-10、18-20中任一项所述的触摸屏。
22.一种操作包括多个电路部件的触摸屏的系统,该系统包括:
在将图像显示在所述触摸屏上的第一显示操作中,操作第一组电路部件作为显示电路的装置;和
在感测所述触摸屏上或附近的触摸的第一触摸感测操作中,操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路的装置,
其中,在所述第一显示操作中操作所述第一组电路部件与在所述第一触摸感测操作中操作所述第二组电路部件同时发生。
23.根据权利要求22所述的系统,还包括:
在第二触摸感测操作中操作第一组电路部件作为触摸感测电路的装置。
24.根据权利要求23所述的系统,还包括:
在第二显示操作中操作第三组电路部件作为显示电路的装置,
其中,在所述第二显示操作中操作第三组电路部件与在所述第二触摸感测操作中操作第一组电路部件同时发生。
25.根据权利要求23所述的系统,还包括:在所述第二触摸感测操作中,与操作第一组电路部件同时操作另外的一组或多组电路部件作为触摸感测电路的装置。
26.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中,在所述第一触摸感测操作中操作第二组电路部件作为触摸感测电路的装置包括:向第二组电路部件施加激励信号的装置。
27.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中,所述电路部件包括公共电极。
28.根据权利要求27所述的系统,其中,第一组电路部件包括所述公共电极的第一行,并且在所述第一显示操作中操作第一组电路部件的装置包括:向所述公共电极的所述第一行施加第一公共电压的装置。
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