JP2020526285A - リニアモーターを使用して制御される構成可能コリメータ - Google Patents
リニアモーターを使用して制御される構成可能コリメータ Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1042—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head
- A61N5/1045—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT
- A61N5/1047—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT with movement of the radiation head during application of radiation, e.g. for intensity modulated arc therapy or IMAT
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1042—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head
- A61N5/1045—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
- A61N5/1081—Rotating beam systems with a specific mechanical construction, e.g. gantries
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
- G21K1/04—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers
- G21K1/046—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers varying the contour of the field, e.g. multileaf collimators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
- H05H13/02—Synchrocyclotrons, i.e. frequency modulated cyclotrons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
- A61N2005/109—Neutrons
Abstract
Description
9.4T、19.5T、19.6T、19.7T、19.8T、19.9T、20.0T、20.1T、20.2T、20.3T、20.4T、20.5T、20.6T、20.7T、20.8T、20.9T、もしくはそれ以上のうちの1つまたは複数の大きさの、またはこれらを超える大きさの磁場を生成する際に使用され得る。さらに、超電導コイルは、4Tから20Tの範囲外にあるか、または4Tから20Tの範囲内にあるが、上に特には挙げられていない、磁場を生成する際に使用され得る。
152 長さ
153 幅
155 舌および溝特徴部
156 湾曲した端部
200 構成可能コリメータ
201 リーフ
202 配置
204 治療領域
206 配置
208 円
211 ビームスポット
300 配置
301 放射線スポット
302 リーフ
413、414、415 キャリッジ
417 直交座標Z方向
418 直交座標X方向
418、419 部材
420 トラック
422、423 ロッドまたはレール
425 モーター
426 モーター
430 モーター
431 送りネジ
432 ハウジング
435、436 リーフ
701、702、および703 リーフ
701a 磁石
701b 磁石
702 リーフ
706 長円
709 コイル搬送プレート
710aおよび710b 磁石
711 矢印
714 コンピューティングシステム
716 離れた部屋
717 治療室
801 キャリッジ
802 リーフ
901および902 キャリッジ
903 レール
905 処理領域
907および908 リーフ
1021 粒子ビーム
1022 発生源
1022 粒子ビーム
1023 場
1023 走査場
1025 配置
1026 配置
1028および1029 リーフ
1031 端部
1170 構成可能コリメータ
1171 患者
1171a ビーム
1210 コンポーネント
1211 超電導磁石
1212および1213 超電導コイル
1214、1215 磁気ヨーク
1216 空洞
1217 粒子源
1320 引き出しチャネル
1321 シンクロサイクロトロン
1322 走査コンポーネント
1324 走査磁石
1325 電離箱
1326 エネルギーデグレーダ
1327 電流センサ
1328 構成可能コリメータ
1341 コイル
1342 コイル
1360 飛程変調装置
1361 プレート
1370 プレート
1373 粒子ビーム
1372 矢印
1980 内部ガントリー
1981 ノズル
1984 治療台
1985 アーム
2190 内部ガントリー
2191 ノズル
2192 治療台
2193 粒子加速器
2194 外部ガントリー
2195 矢印
2196 アーム
2199 ジンバル
Claims (43)
- 粒子ビームをトリミングするためのデバイスであって、
前記粒子ビームの通過をブロックする材料からなる構造体であって、前記構造体はエッジを画成するように構成可能であり、前記エッジは前記エッジの第1の側の前記粒子ビームの第1の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされ、前記エッジの第2の側の前記粒子ビームの第2の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされないように前記粒子ビームの経路内に移動可能である、構造体と、
前記エッジを画成するように前記構造体を構成するために制御可能であるリニアモーターであって、前記リニアモーターの各々は移動可能コンポーネントと固定コンポーネントとを備え、前記固定コンポーネントは第1の磁場を生成するための磁場生成器を備え、前記移動可能コンポーネントは1つまたは複数のコイルを備え、このコイルに電流を流すと前記第1の磁場と相互作用する第2の磁場を発生して前記移動可能コンポーネントを前記固定コンポーネントに対して相対的に移動させる、リニアモーターとを具備し、
各リニアモーターの前記移動可能コンポーネントは、前記対応する構造体が前記移動可能コンポーネントによる移動とともに移動するように前記構造体の対応する1つ、に接続されるか、またはその一部であるデバイス。 - 前記磁場生成器は、整列された極類似物を有する磁石を備え、前記1つまたは複数のコイルは少なくとも一部は前記磁石の間にある請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体を構成するために前記リニアモーターを制御する1つまたは複数の処理デバイスをさらに備え、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは前記リニアモーターのうちの1つまたは複数を制御する1つまたは複数の制御信号を出力して前記エッジを画成するために前記構造体のうちの1つまたは複数を伸長させるかまたは後退させるように制御可能であり、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは少なくとも部分的に前記デバイスの動作中に前記構造体および前記リニアモーターに影響を及ぼす環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターから離れた場所に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターと異なる部屋に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体の移動を追尾し、前記構造体の前記移動に関する情報を前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスに提供するように構成されているエンコーダをさらに備える請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、前記構造体および前記リニアモーターと同じアセンブリに接続されている電子デバイスを備える請求項6に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、レーザーセンサ、光学センサ、またはダイオードセンサのうちの1つまたは複数を備える請求項7に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体はリーフを備え、各磁場生成器は一対の磁石を備え、各リーフは対応する一対の磁石の間にある請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第1の次元方向に移動するように構成されている第1のキャリッジであって、前記構造体および前記リニアモーターを保持する第1のキャリッジと、
前記第1の次元方向と異なる第2の次元方向に移動するように構成されている第2のキャリッジであって、前記第1のキャリッジは前記第2のキャリッジに結合される、第2のキャリッジとをさらに備える請求項1に記載のデバイス。 - 前記構造体は、前記第1のキャリッジに相対的な、また前記第1のキャリッジの移動とは別の前記第1の次元方向にも移動可能である請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体は第1のエッジを画成し、
前記デバイスは、
第2のエッジを画成するように構成可能である第2の構造体であって、前記第2のエッジは前記第2のエッジの第1の側の前記粒子ビームの第3の部分が前記第2の構造体によってブロックされるように、また前記第2のエッジの第2の側の前記粒子ビームの第4の部分が前記第2の構造体によってブロックされないように前記粒子ビームの経路内に移動可能である、第2の構造体と、
前記第2のエッジを画成するように前記第2の構造体を構成するために制御可能である第2のリニアモーターとをさらに備え、
前記デバイスは、前記第1の次元方向に移動可能であり、前記第2のキャリッジに結合されている、第3のキャリッジをさらに備え、前記第3のキャリッジは前記第2の構造体および前記第2のリニアモーターを保持する請求項10に記載のデバイス。 - 前記第2の構造体は、前記第3のキャリッジに相対的な、また前記第3のキャリッジの移動とは別の前記第1の次元方向にも移動可能である請求項12に記載のデバイス。
- 前記第1のキャリッジおよび前記第3のキャリッジは、前記粒子ビームの単一スポットをトリミングするように制御可能であり、前記単一のスポットは前記粒子ビームの断面領域に対応する請求項12に記載のデバイス。
- 前記第1のキャリッジおよび前記第3のキャリッジは、前記粒子ビームの複数のスポットを覆うサイズを有する領域をトリミングするように制御可能であり、スポットは前記粒子ビームの断面領域に対応する請求項12に記載のデバイス。
- 前記第1のキャリッジおよび前記第3のキャリッジは、独立して移動するように構成される請求項12に記載のデバイス。
- 粒子ビームをトリミングするためのデバイスであって、
第1の次元方向に移動可能である第1のキャリッジと、
前記第1のキャリッジに結合され、したがって前記第1のキャリッジと一緒に前記第1の次元方向に移動可能である第2のキャリッジであって、前記第2のキャリッジの各々も前記第1の次元方向と異なる第2の次元方向に移動可能であり、前記第2のキャリッジのうちの1つの第2のキャリッジは
前記粒子ビームの通過をブロックする材料からなる構造体であって、前記構造体はエッジを画成するように構成可能であり、前記エッジは前記エッジの第1の側の前記粒子ビームの第1の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされ、前記エッジの第2の側の前記粒子ビームの第2の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされないように前記粒子ビームの経路内に移動可能である、構造体と、
前記エッジを画成するように前記構造体を構成するためのリニアモーターであって、前記リニアモーターの各々は前記構造体の対応する1つを前記第2のキャリッジの方への、または前記第2のキャリッジから遠ざかる、第2の次元方向に直線的に駆動するように制御可能である、リニアモーターとを備える、第2のキャリッジとを具備するデバイス。 - 前記リニアモーターのうちの1つのリニアモーターは、移動可能コンポーネントと固定コンポーネントとを備え、前記固定コンポーネントは第1の磁場を生成するための磁場生成器を備え、前記移動可能コンポーネントは1つまたは複数のコイルを備え、このコイルに電流を流すと前記第1の磁場と相互作用する第2の磁場を発生して前記移動可能コンポーネントを前記固定コンポーネントに対して相対的に移動させ、
前記リニアモーターの前記移動可能コンポーネントは、前記対応する構造体が前記移動可能コンポーネントによる移動とともに移動するように前記構造体の対応する1つ、に接続されるか、またはその一部である請求項17に記載のデバイス。 - 前記磁場生成器は、整列された極類似物を有する磁石を備え、前記1つまたは複数のコイルは少なくとも一部は前記磁石の間にある請求項18に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体を構成するために前記リニアモーターを制御する1つまたは複数の処理デバイスをさらに備え、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは前記リニアモーターのうちの1つまたは複数を制御する1つまたは複数の制御信号を出力して前記エッジを画成するために前記構造体のうちの1つまたは複数を前記第2の次元方向で伸長させるかまたは後退させるように制御可能であり、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは前記デバイスの動作中に前記構造体および前記リニアモーターに影響を及ぼす環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項18に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターから離れた場所に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項20に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターと異なる部屋に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項20に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体の移動を追尾し、前記構造体の前記移動に関する情報を前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスに提供するように構成されているエンコーダをさらに備える請求項20に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、前記デバイスの動作中に前記構造体および前記リニアモーターに影響を及ぼす前記中性子線への曝露に対する耐性が、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスに比べて高い電子デバイスを備える請求項23に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、レーザーセンサ、光学センサ、またはダイオードセンサのうちの1つまたは複数を備える請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 粒子治療システムであって、
粒子ビームを出力するための粒子加速器であって、封じ込められた治療スペース内で動作中に中性子線を生成する粒子加速器と、
患者体内の照射ターゲットに相対的に前記粒子ビームを移動するための1つまたは複数の走査磁石と、
前記粒子ビームをトリミングするためのデバイスであって、前記デバイスは前記1つまたは複数の走査磁石と前記患者との間にあり、前記デバイスは
前記粒子ビームの通過をブロックする材料からなる構造体であって、前記構造体はエッジを画成するように構成可能であり、前記エッジは前記エッジの第1の側の前記粒子ビームの第1の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされ、前記エッジの第2の側の前記粒子ビームの第2の部分が前記構造体によってブロックされないように前記粒子ビームの経路内に移動可能である、構造体、および
前記エッジを画成するように前記構造体を直線的に駆動することによって前記構造体を構成するために制御可能であるリニアモーターを備える、デバイスと、
前記デバイスの動作を制御して前記粒子ビームをトリミングするための1つまたは複数の処理デバイスであって、指定された量より少ない量の前記中性子線に曝される領域内に配置される1つまたは複数の処理デバイスとを具備する粒子治療システム。 - 前記領域は、封じ込められた治療スペースの外部にある部屋である請求項26に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 封じ込められた治療スペースは、中性子線への部屋の曝露を低減するために少なくとも部分的に遮蔽される請求項27に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記リニアモーターのうちの1つのリニアモーターは、移動可能コンポーネントと固定コンポーネントとを備え、前記固定コンポーネントは第1の磁場を生成するための磁場生成器を備え、前記移動可能コンポーネントは1つまたは複数のコイルを備え、このコイルに電流を流すと前記第1の磁場と相互作用する第2の磁場を発生して前記移動可能コンポーネントを前記固定コンポーネントに対して相対的に移動させ、
前記リニアモーターの前記移動可能コンポーネントは、前記対応する構造体を直線的に駆動するために前記対応する構造体が前記移動可能コンポーネントによる移動とともに移動するように前記構造体の対応する1つ、に接続されるか、またはその一部である請求項26に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記磁場生成器は、整列された極類似物を有する磁石を備え、前記1つまたは複数のコイルは少なくとも一部は前記磁石の間にある請求項29に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記構造体の移動を追尾し、前記構造体の前記移動に関する情報を前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスに提供するように構成されているエンコーダをさらに備え、前記エンコーダは封じ込められた治療スペース内にあり、前記中性子線に曝される請求項30に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記エンコーダは、レーザーセンサ、光学センサ、またはダイオードセンサのうちの1つまたは複数を備える請求項31に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記構造体はリーフを備え、各磁場生成器は一対の磁石を備え、各リーフは対応する一対の磁石の間にある請求項27に記載の粒子治療システム。
- 前記粒子加速器は、シンクロサイクロトロンであり、
前記粒子治療システムは、少なくとも前記シンクロサイクロトロンが据え付けられているガントリーをさらに備え、前記ガントリーは前記シンクロサイクロトロンを前記患者に相対的に移動するため前記患者に相対的に移動可能である請求項27に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記シンクロサイクロトロンは、
高周波(RF)電圧を空洞に印加して粒子源からの粒子を加速するための電圧源であって、前記電圧源は周期的にある周波数範囲にわたって前記RF電圧を掃引するように制御される、電圧源と、
複数の値のうちの1つを有する電流を受け、前記電流に対応する磁場を生成するためのコイルであって、前記磁場は前記粒子を前記電流に対応するエネルギーで前記空洞内の軌道上を移動させ、前記磁場は少なくとも4テスラである、コイルと、
前記空洞から前記粒子を受け取り、前記空洞から受け取った前記粒子を前記走査システムに出力するための引き出しチャネルであって、前記粒子は前記電流に基づくエネルギーを有する前記空洞から出力される、引き出しチャネルとを備え、
前記シンクロサイクロトロンは、前記電流を前記複数の値のうちの1つに設定することを可能にするように構成され、前記複数の値の各々は前記粒子が前記空洞から出力される異なるエネルギーに対応し、
前記電圧源は、異なる周波数範囲にわたって前記RF電圧を掃引するように制御可能であり、各異なる周波数範囲は前記粒子が前記空洞から出力される各異なるエネルギーに対応する請求項34に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 前記シンクロサイクロトロンは、
電離プラズマを保持するための粒子源であって、前記粒子源は空洞内にあり、加速領域において分離される2つの部分を備える、粒子源と、
高周波(RF)電圧を前記空洞に印加して、前記粒子源の分離領域において前記電離プラズマからの粒子を加速するための電圧源であって、前記電圧源は周期的にある周波数範囲にわたって前記RF電圧を掃引するように制御可能である、電圧源と、
前記電流に基づき磁場を生成させるための電流を受けるコイルであって、前記磁場は前記粒子を前記空洞内で軌道上を移動させ、前記空洞内の前記磁場は最大4テスラ以上である、コイルと、
少なくとも1つの磁極片であって、前記少なくとも1つの磁極片は前記空洞の境界を形成する強磁性体を含む、少なくとも1つの磁極片と、
前記空洞から前記粒子を受け取り、受け取った前記粒子を前記1つまたは複数の走査磁石の方へ出力するための引き出しチャネルとを備える請求項27に記載の粒子治療システム。 - 粒子ビームをトリミングするためのデバイスであって、
前記粒子ビームの通過をブロックする材料からなる構造体であって、前記構造体は前記粒子ビームの経路内に移動可能であるエッジを画成するように構成可能である、構造体と、
前記エッジを画成するように前記構造体を構成するために制御可能であるリニアモーターとを備えるデバイス。 - 前記構造体を構成するために前記リニアモーターを制御する1つまたは複数の処理デバイスをさらに備え、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは前記リニアモーターのうちの1つまたは複数を制御する1つまたは複数の制御信号を出力して前記エッジを画成するために前記構造体のうちの1つまたは複数を伸長させるかまたは後退させるように制御可能であり、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは少なくとも部分的に前記デバイスの動作中に前記構造体および前記リニアモーターに影響を及ぼす環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項37に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターから離れた場所に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項38に記載のデバイス。
- 前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスは、前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスを前記構造体および前記リニアモーターと異なる部屋に配置することによって前記環境中性子線への曝露を受けないように遮蔽される請求項38に記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造体の移動を追尾し、前記構造体の前記移動に関する情報を前記1つまたは複数の処理デバイスに提供するように構成されているエンコーダをさらに備える請求項38に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、前記構造体および前記リニアモーターと同じアセンブリに接続されている電子デバイスを備える請求項41に記載のデバイス。
- 前記エンコーダは、レーザーセンサ、光学センサ、またはダイオードセンサのうちの1つまたは複数を備える請求項42に記載のデバイス。
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