JP5789011B2 - 薄膜の直線走査連続横方向凝固 - Google Patents
薄膜の直線走査連続横方向凝固 Download PDFInfo
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Description
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、融解帯域は、概ね基板の幅又は長さほどの長さを有している。1つ又は複数の実施形態では、融解帯域は、少なくとも基板の幅又は長さの半分の長さを有している。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、段階(d)と(e)は、一回の走査で基板の幅又は長さに亘って膜を結晶化させるだけの回数繰り返される。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、融解帯域は、アクティブマトリックスディスプレイ内のピクセルの柱のための位置に対して或る角度に配置されている。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、横方向に成長する結晶体は、基板の縁部に対して或る角度に向けられている。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、レーザーパルスの幅は、レーザーパルスによって照射される薄膜の部分に固体の核が形成されるのを防ぐように選択されている。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、この方法は、横方向に成長する結晶体の横方向の成長を周期的に中断させる段階と、新しい組の横方向に成長する結晶体の成長を開始させる段階を更に含んでいる。結晶体の横方向の成長は、約10回から約200回のレーザーパルス毎に、又は膜の横方向の再配置が約20ミクロンから約400ミクロン毎になるように中断される。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、第1距離は、横方向の結晶体の成長を中断させる、横方向の成長の方向に実質的に垂直である、場所的に制御された粒界を有する横方向に成長する結晶体の柱を提供するように選択される。各レーザーパルスは、融解帯域を形成し、第1距離は、融解帯域の幅の半分より長く、融解帯域の幅より短い。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、融解帯域は、その長さに沿う幅の変動を示していて、最大幅(Wmax)と最小幅(Wmin)を画定し、第1距離は、Wmaxの約半分より長く、Wminより短い。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、第2距離は、実質的に膜運動の方向に伸張している横方向に成長する結晶体を提供するように選択される。各レーザーパルスは、融解帯域を形成し、第2距離は、融解帯域の幅の半分より短い。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、各レーザーパルスは、融解帯域を形成し、第1距離は、融解帯域の幅の半分より長く、融解帯域の幅より短く、第2距離は、融解帯域の幅の半分より長く、融解帯域の幅より短い。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、第1距離は、ピクセルTFTのチャネル領域に適した第1組の所定の結晶特性を提供するように選択され、及び/又は、第2距離は、集積TFTのチャネル領域に適した第2組の所定の結晶特性を提供するように選択され、及び/又は、第2部分は、2つの隣接するディスプレイ用の一対の集積領域を収容できるほど幅広い。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、直線ビームは、マスク、スリット、又は直線状の縁部から成るグループから選択された整形手段を使って形成され、マスクが直線ビームの幅と長さを画定するか、スリットが直線ビームの幅を画定し、直線ビームの長さは少なくとも1つの光学要素によって画定されるか、又は、直線状の縁部が整形されるレーザービームの幅を画定する。整形手段は、非直線造形を含んだ長さを有し、及び/又は、非直線造形はぎざぎざ歯である。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、直線ビームは、長さ対幅のアスペクト比が50より大きいか、又は、長さ対幅のアスペクト比が2x105までである。
1つ又は複数の実施形態では、融解帯域は、約5μmより短いか、約10μmより短い幅を有しており、及び/又は、融解帯域の長さは、約10mmから約1000mmの範囲にある。
(a)膜の第1領域を第1レーザーパルスで照射して第1融解帯域を形成することであって、前記第1融解帯域は、その長さに沿って幅が変動していることを示していて、最大幅(Wmax)と最小幅(Wmin)を画定し、第1融解帯域は、冷却すると結晶化して1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成する、膜の第1領域を第1レーザーパルスで照射することと、
(b)膜を、横方向成長の方向に、Wmaxの約半分より長く、Wminより短い距離だけ横方向に動かすことと、
(c)膜の第2領域を第2レーザーパルスで照射し、第1融解帯域の形状と実質的に同じ形状を有する第2融解帯域を形成することであって、前記第2融解帯域は、冷却すると結晶化し、第1領域内の1つ又は複数の結晶体の延長部である1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成し、システムのレーザー光学系は、2Wminより短いWmaxを提供する、膜の第2領域を第2レーザーパルスで照射することと、が含まれている。
別の態様では、アクティブマトリックスディスプレイ用の半導体膜を準備するためのシステムは、約4kHzより高いパルス周波数を有し、300Wより大きな平均出力を有するレーザーパルスを提供するレーザーソースと、レーザービームを直線ビームに整形するレーザー光学系であって、整形されたレーザービームは、直線ビームの長さに沿って実質的に均一なフルエンスを有する、レーザー光学系と、少なくとも1つの方向に並進することができる、サンプルを支持するためのステージと、一組の指示を記憶するためのメモリと、を含んでおり、指示には、
(a)膜の第1領域を複数のレーザーパルスで照射することであって、照射された膜は、各レーザーパルス後に結晶化して1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成し、膜は、各レーザーパルス後に、横方向の結晶の成長方向に第1距離だけ横方向に動かされ、第1組の所定の結晶特性を有する第1結晶質領域を形成する、膜の第1領域を複数のレーザーパルスで照射することと、
(b)膜が横方向の結晶体の成長の方向に動くのを中断させることなく、膜の第2部分を複数のレーザーパルスで照射することであって、照射された膜は、各レーザーパルス後に結晶化して1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成し、膜は、各レーザーパルス後に、横方向の結晶の成長の方向に第2距離だけ横方向に動かされ、第2組の所定の結晶特性を有する第2結晶質領域を形成し、前記第1距離は前記第2距離と異なっている、膜の第2部分を複数のレーザーパルスで照射することと、が含まれている。
パルス状の狭くて細長いレーザービームを使った薄膜の結晶化について述べる。レーザー誘導融解後の或る領域の膜の結晶化は、レーザーパルスの特性に関係している。特に、結晶化領域の結晶粒子の品質、寸法、及び形状は、領域を融解させるレーザーパルスのエネルギー、空間的プロフィール、及び/又は時間的プロフィールによって決まる。ディスプレイ装置で使用するための多結晶質基板に関して、様々な照射方式について説明する。
長くて細いビームによる結晶化は、ディスプレイ内の個々のTFT装置は、少なくとも数パルスで結晶化される区域内に在るので、短軸の不均一性の影響を更に低減させる。つまり、短軸沿いの不均一性の規模は、1つのTFT装置のそれより小さい規模であり、従って、ピクセルの明度の変動を引き起こさない。更に、パルス対パルス変動は、従来型の2D SLSシステムと同じ様にあまり関係しない。
領域160が照射され、次に横方向に結晶化した後で、シリコン膜は、結晶体の成長方向に、横方向結晶体の成長長さより短い距離、例えば、横方向成長長さの90%未満の距離だけ進められる。その後のレーザーパルスは、シリコン膜の新しい区域に向けられる。
「方向性」結晶体、例えば、特定の軸に沿って十分に伸びている結晶体を製作するには、次のパルスは、既に結晶化されている区域と実質的に重なるのが望ましい。膜を短い距離だけ進ませることによって、初期のレーザーパルスによって作られた結晶体が、隣接する材料の次の結晶化の種晶として働く。膜を短い距離進ませる処理段階を繰り返し、各段階で膜にレーザーパルスを照射することによって、結晶体が、膜を横切って横方向に、レーザーパルスに対する膜の運動の方向に成長させられる。
Claims (5)
- アクティブマトリックスディスプレイ用の半導体膜を準備するためのシステムにおいて、前記システムは、
約4kHzより高いパルス周波数を有し、100Wより大きい平均出力を有するレーザーパルスを提供するレーザーソースと、
前記レーザーパルスを直線ビームに整形するレーザー光学系であって、整形されたレーザーパルスは、前記直線ビームの長さに沿って実質的に均一なフルエンスを有する、レーザー光学系と、
少なくとも1つの方向に並進することができる、サンプルを支持するためのステージと、
一組の指示を記憶するためのメモリと、を備えており、前記指示は、
(a)前記膜の第1領域を第1レーザーパルスで照射して第1融解帯域を形成することであって、前記第1融解帯域は、その長さに沿って幅が変動していることを示していて、最大幅(Wmax)と最小幅(Wmin)を画定し、前記第1融解帯域は、冷却すると結晶化して1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成する、前記膜の第1領域を第1レーザーパルスで照射することと、
(b)前記膜を、横方向成長の方向に、Wmaxの約半分より長く、Wminより短い距離だけ横方向に動かすことと、
(c)前記膜の第2領域を第2レーザーパルスで照射し、前記第1融解帯域の形状と実質的に同じ形状を有する第2融解帯域を形成することであって、前記第2融解帯域は、冷却すると結晶化し、前記第1領域内の1つ又は複数の結晶体の延長部である1つ又は複数の横方向に成長する結晶体を形成する、前記膜の第2領域を第2レーザーパルスで照射することと、を備えており、
レーザー光学系は、2Wminより短いWmaxを提供するよう選択される、システム。 - 前記直線ビームは、TFTのアレイ用に意図されている位置に対して或る角度に配置される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記直線ビームは、基板の縁部に対して或る角度に配置される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記レーザーは、半導体レーザーである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記レーザーは、エキシマレーザーである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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US8617313B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
KR20070119725A (ko) | 2007-12-20 |
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JP2014123763A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
WO2006107926A2 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
EP1866463A4 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
EP1866463A2 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
US8221544B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
JP2008536314A (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
US20060254500A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
JP5518328B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
US20130012036A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
KR101407143B1 (ko) | 2014-06-13 |
TWI435388B (zh) | 2014-04-21 |
CN101184871A (zh) | 2008-05-21 |
WO2006107926A3 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
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