WO2012147904A1 - 重合性化合物、重合性組成物、高分子、及び光学異方体 - Google Patents
重合性化合物、重合性組成物、高分子、及び光学異方体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012147904A1 WO2012147904A1 PCT/JP2012/061321 JP2012061321W WO2012147904A1 WO 2012147904 A1 WO2012147904 A1 WO 2012147904A1 JP 2012061321 W JP2012061321 W JP 2012061321W WO 2012147904 A1 WO2012147904 A1 WO 2012147904A1
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- 0 CC=Cc1cc2ccccc2cc1* Chemical compound CC=Cc1cc2ccccc2cc1* 0.000 description 9
- CGNLMQAYEDYEHX-QWUCKPJJSA-N C/C(/c(cc(cc1)OC(c(cc2)ccc2OCCCCCCOC2OC2C=C)=O)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=N\Nc1nc2ccccc2[s]1 Chemical compound C/C(/c(cc(cc1)OC(c(cc2)ccc2OCCCCCCOC2OC2C=C)=O)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=N\Nc1nc2ccccc2[s]1 CGNLMQAYEDYEHX-QWUCKPJJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYAHRQLKMNJXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=CCc(cccc2)c2N1 Chemical compound CC1=CCc(cccc2)c2N1 YYAHRQLKMNJXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHXVRVPVLLNECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cnc(CCc2cnc(C)cc2)nc1 Chemical compound Cc1cnc(CCc2cnc(C)cc2)nc1 LHXVRVPVLLNECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGVTUIRPHLSMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1nnc(C)cc1 Chemical compound Cc1nnc(C)cc1 BGVTUIRPHLSMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/08—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymerizable compound, a polymerizable composition and a polymer, and an optical anisotropic body, which can produce an optical film capable of uniform polarization conversion in a wide wavelength range.
- FPD Flat panel display devices
- the retardation plate examples include a 1 ⁇ 4 wavelength plate that converts linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, and a 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength plate that converts the polarization vibration plane of linearly polarized light by 90 degrees. These retardation plates can accurately convert a specific monochromatic light into a phase difference of 1 / 4 ⁇ or 1 / 2 ⁇ of the light wavelength.
- the conventional retardation plate has a problem that polarized light output through the retardation plate is converted into colored polarized light. This is because the material constituting the retardation plate has wavelength dispersion with respect to the retardation, and distribution occurs in the polarization state for each wavelength with respect to white light that is a composite wave in which light rays in the visible light range are mixed.
- the low molecular weight polymerizable compounds or polymerizable compositions described in these documents have insufficient reverse wavelength dispersion or high melting points that are not suitable for processing in industrial processes. It has many problems in terms of performance, such as difficult to apply to film, extremely narrow temperature range showing liquid crystallinity, and low solubility in solvents commonly used in industrial processes. ing. Further, these low molecular weight polymerizable compounds and the like have a problem in terms of cost because they are synthesized in multiple stages by making full use of a synthesis method using a very expensive reagent.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described prior art, has a practically low melting point, excellent solubility in general-purpose solvents, can be produced at low cost, and is uniform in a wide wavelength range. It is an object to provide a polymerizable compound, a polymerizable composition, a polymer, and an optical anisotropic body capable of obtaining an optical film capable of polarization conversion.
- an optical anisotropic body comprising a polymerizable compound represented by the following formula (I) or a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable composition containing the polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator as a constituent material is obtained.
- a polymerizable compound represented by the following formula (I) or a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable composition containing the polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator as a constituent material is obtained.
- a cuboid is provided.
- Y 1 to Y 6 are each independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —S—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, — OC ( ⁇ O) —O—, —NR 1 —C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —NR 1 —, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —NR 1 —, —NR 1 — C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —NR 1 —C ( ⁇ O) —NR 1 —, or —NR 1 —O— is represented.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- G 1 and G 2 each independently represents a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- the aliphatic group includes —O—, —S—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —NR 2 —C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) — NR 2 —, —NR 2 —, or —C ( ⁇ O) — may be present.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. ].
- Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- a x represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- a y may have a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- An organic group having a ring and having 2 to 30 carbon atoms is represented.
- the aromatic ring of A x and A y may have a substituent.
- a x and A y may be combined to form a ring.
- R 3 has an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a substituent.
- R 6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a 4-methylphenyl group.
- a 1 represents a trivalent aromatic group which may have a substituent.
- a 2 and A 3 each independently represent a divalent aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Q 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- X are each independently, NR 5, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, -SO- or, -SO 2 - represents a (where oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, -SO -, - SO 2 - is, Except when adjacent to each other.)
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- a y is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- An optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, —C ( ⁇ O) —R 3 (wherein R 3 is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) Represents an optionally substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a group represented by — A group represented by SO 2 —R 6 (wherein R 6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a 4-methylphenyl group).
- the polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (3).
- a 1 is a trivalent benzene ring group or a trivalent naphthalene ring group which may have a substituent
- a 2 and A 3 each independently have a substituent.
- the polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (4) which may be a phenylene group or a naphthylene group.
- Y 1 to Y 6 are each independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or —O.
- the polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (5) which is —C ( ⁇ O) —O—.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently CH 2 ⁇ CH—, CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —, or CH 2 ⁇ C (Cl) — (1) to (6)
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms that may have a substituent [the aliphatic group includes —O—, —O —C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O— or —C ( ⁇ O) — may be present. However, the case where two or more of —O— are adjacent to each other is excluded. ]
- a polymerizable composition comprising at least one polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (9).
- a polymerizable composition comprising the polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (9) and a polymerization initiator.
- (12) A polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound according to any one of (1) to (9) or the polymerizable composition according to (10) or (11). (13) The polymer described in (12), which is a liquid crystalline polymer. (14) An optical anisotropic body comprising the polymer according to (13) as a constituent material.
- an optical anisotropic body capable of uniform polarization conversion in a wide wavelength range and satisfactory in performance can be obtained at low cost. Since the optical anisotropic body of the present invention is composed of the polymer of the present invention, it is obtained at a low cost and is capable of uniform polarization conversion in a wide wavelength range and is satisfactory in terms of performance.
- an antireflection film can be produced by combining the film-like optical anisotropic body of the present invention with a polarizing plate. This can be suitably used industrially, for example, for preventing reflection of a touch panel or an organic electroluminescent element.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by superposing
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by superposing
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by superposing
- the polymerizable compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the formula (I).
- Y 1 to Y 6 are each independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —S—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of R 1 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n- A hexyl group etc. are mentioned.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Y 1 to Y 6 are each independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or —O.
- G 1 and G 2 each independently represent a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Examples of the divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include divalent aliphatic groups having a chain structure; fats such as saturated cyclic hydrocarbon (cycloalkane) structures and unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon (cycloalkene) structures A divalent aliphatic group having a cyclic structure; and the like.
- Examples of the substituent for the divalent aliphatic group of G 1 and G 2 include halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom; methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group and isopropoxy group
- halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom
- An alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as an n-butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a t-butoxy group, an n-pentyloxy group, and an n-hexyloxy group.
- a fluorine atom, a methoxy group, and an ethoxy group are preferable.
- the aliphatic group includes —O—, —S—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —O—, — NR 2 —C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —NR 2 —, —NR 2 —, or —C ( ⁇ O) — may be present (provided that —O— or — Excluding the case where two or more S-s are adjacent to each other.)
- R 2 represents the same hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms as R 1, and is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the group intervening in the aliphatic group is preferably —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —.
- G 1 and G 2 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or the like, from the viewpoint of better expressing the desired effect of the present invention.
- a divalent aliphatic group having a chain structure is preferable and has 1 to 12 carbon atoms such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a propylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, and an octamethylene group.
- An alkylene group is more preferable, and a tetramethylene group [— (CH 2 ) 4 —] and a hexamethylene group [— (CH 2 ) 6 —] are particularly preferable.
- Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the halogen atom that is a substituent of the alkenyl group of Z 1 and Z 2 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and the like, and a chlorine atom is preferable.
- alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms of Z 1 and Z 2 include CH 2 ⁇ CH—, CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —, CH 2 ⁇ CH—CH 2 —, CH 3 —CH ⁇ .
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently CH 2 ⁇ CH 2 —, CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —, CH 2 ⁇ C (Cl) —, CH 2 ⁇ CH—CH 2 —, CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —CH 2 —, or CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —CH 2 —CH 2 —.
- CH 2 ⁇ CH 2 —, CH 2 ⁇ C (CH 3 ) —, or CH 2 ⁇ C (Cl) — is more preferable, and CH 2 ⁇ CH 2 — is particularly preferable.
- a x represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- the “aromatic ring” is represented by a cyclic structure having a broad sense of aromaticity according to the Huckle rule, that is, a cyclic conjugated structure having (4n + 2) ⁇ electrons, and thiophene, furan, benzothiazole, and the like. This means that a lone pair of heteroatoms such as sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen is involved in the ⁇ -electron system and exhibits aromaticity.
- the organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring of A x may have a plurality of aromatic rings. And having an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocycle.
- aromatic hydrocarbon ring examples include a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and an anthracene ring.
- aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic rings such as a pyrrole ring, a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, and a thiazole ring; Benzothiazole ring, benzoxazole ring, quinoline ring, phthalazine ring, benzimidazole ring, benzopyrazole ring, benzofuran ring, aromatic heterocycle such as benzothiophene ring; and the like.
- the aromatic ring of A x may have a substituent.
- substituents include halogen atoms such as fluorine atom and chlorine atom; cyano group; alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group and propyl group; and 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as vinyl group and allyl group.
- An alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a trifluoromethyl group; a substituted amino group such as a dimethylamino group; an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and an isopropoxy group; Nitro group; aryl group such as phenyl group and naphthyl group; —C ( ⁇ O) —R 4 ; —C ( ⁇ O) —OR 4 ; —SO 2 R 4 ;
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the aromatic ring within A x may have a plurality of identical or different substituents, bonded two adjacent substituents together may form a ring.
- the ring formed may be monocyclic or condensed polycyclic.
- the “carbon number” of the organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms in A x means the total number of carbon atoms in the whole organic group not including the carbon atom of the substituent (the same applies to A y described later). .
- an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group As the organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring of A x , an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group; an aromatic heterocyclic ring Group: an alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic heterocyclic group; from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic heterocyclic group An alkenyl group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of: a carbon number having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic heterocyclic group 4-30 alkynyl groups; and the like.
- a y has a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a substituent.
- a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, —C ( ⁇ O) —R 3 , —SO 2 —R 6 , or at least one selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring Represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having an aromatic ring, a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted substituent having 2 to 2 carbon atoms 12 alkenyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, —C ( ⁇ O) —R 3 , —SO 2 —R 6 , or aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatics Having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting
- alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may have a substituent of A y include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and n-butyl.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the substituent of the alkyl group of the substituent-1 carbon atoms which may have a 20, a fluorine atom, a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom; a cyano group; a substituted amino group such as dimethylamino group; methoxy
- An alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a group, an ethoxy group or an isopropoxy group; an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms substituted with an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a methoxymethoxy group or a methoxyethoxy group; Nitro group; aryl group such as phenyl group and naphthyl group; cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group and cyclohexyl group; —C ( ⁇ O) —R 4 ; —C ( ⁇ O) -OR 4 ; -SO
- alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent for A y include a vinyl group, a propenyl group, an isopropenyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, and a hexenyl group.
- the carbon number of the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent is preferably 2 to 12.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group. Groups and the like.
- Examples of the substituent for the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms that may have a substituent and the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms that may have a substituent for A y include a fluorine atom, Halogen atom such as chlorine atom; cyano group; substituted amino group such as dimethylamino group; alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and isopropoxy group; nitro group; aryl such as phenyl group and naphthyl group A cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group; —C ( ⁇ O) —R 4 ; —C ( ⁇ O) —OR 4 ; —SO 2 R 4 ; And the like.
- R 4 represents the same meaning as described above.
- R 3 may have a C 1-20 alkyl group which may have a substituent, or may have a substituent. It represents a good alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Specific examples thereof include the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent of the above Ay. Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may be included are the same as those listed.
- R 6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a 4-methylphenyl group To express.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms in R 6 include the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms in the above Ay . Examples are the same as those listed.
- Examples of the organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring for A y are the same as those exemplified for A x above. Is mentioned.
- the aromatic ring which Ay has may have a substituent in arbitrary positions. As such a substituent include the same as those listed as the substituent of the aromatic ring wherein A x has.
- aromatic ring of A x and A y are shown below.
- a x, aromatic ring within A y is not intended to be limited to those shown below.
- [-] represents a bond of an aromatic ring (the same applies hereinafter).
- E represents NR 5 , an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- X, Y and Z each independently represent NR 5 , oxygen atom, sulfur atom, —SO— or —SO 2 — (provided that oxygen atom, sulfur atom, —SO—, — Except when SO 2 -is adjacent to each other).
- R 5 represents the same meaning as described above.
- X represents NR 5 , an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —SO—, or —SO 2 —.
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More preferred are the groups shown below,
- a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent are included.
- Preferred is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a group represented by —C ( ⁇ O) —R 3 or —SO 2 —R 6 .
- R 3 and R 6 represent the same meaning as described above.
- a x and A y may be combined to form a ring.
- a ring is preferably an unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and an unsaturated carbocyclic ring having 6 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- the unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and the unsaturated carbocyclic ring having 6 to 30 carbon atoms are not particularly limited and may or may not have aromaticity.
- the ring shown below is mentioned.
- the ring shown below is the one in the formula (I).
- X, Y and Z represent the same meaning as described above.
- these rings may have a substituent.
- substituents include a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a nitro group, —C ( ⁇ O) —R 4 , —C ( ⁇ O) — OR 4 , —SO 2 R 4 and the like can be mentioned.
- R 4 represents the same meaning as described above.
- the total number of ⁇ electrons contained in A x and A y is preferably 4 or more and 24 or less, and more preferably 6 or more and 18 or less, from the viewpoint of better expressing the desired effect of the present invention.
- a x is an aromatic group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms
- a y is a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or (a halogen atom, a cyano group, An alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) as a substituent.
- a x is any one of the groups having the following structures
- a y is a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or (halogen atom, cyano Group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) as a substituent.
- a x is any one of the groups having the following structures
- a y is a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or a (halogen atom, cyano Group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) as a substituent.
- a 1 represents a trivalent aromatic group which may have a substituent.
- the trivalent aromatic group may be a trivalent carbocyclic aromatic group or a trivalent heterocyclic aromatic group. From the viewpoint of better expressing the desired effect of the present invention, a trivalent carbocyclic aromatic group is preferable, a trivalent benzene ring group or a trivalent naphthalene ring group is more preferable, and a trivalent represented by the following formula: The benzene ring group or trivalent naphthalene ring group is more preferable.
- the substituents Y 1 and Y 2 are described for convenience in order to clarify the bonding state (Y 1 and Y 2 represent the same meaning as described above, and the same applies hereinafter). .
- a 1 groups represented by the following formulas (A11) to (A25) are more preferable.
- A13 groups represented by the following formulas (A11), (A13), (A15), (A19), and (A23) are particularly preferred.
- a 1 as a trivalent substituent which may be possessed by the aromatic group, the same ones as exemplified as the substituents of the aromatic groups of the A X and the like.
- a 1 preferably has no substituent.
- a 2 and A 3 each independently represents a divalent aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- the aromatic groups of A 2 and A 3 may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Preferable specific examples of A 2 and A 3 include the following.
- the aromatic groups mentioned as specific examples of A 2 and A 3 may have a substituent at any position.
- the substituent include a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a nitro group, and a —C ( ⁇ O) —OR group.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group are preferable.
- the halogen atom is preferably a fluorine atom
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group
- the alkoxy group is more preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.
- a 2 and A 3 may each independently have a substituent, and the following formulas (A31) and (A32) And a group represented by (A33) is more preferred, and a group represented by formula (A31) which may have a substituent is particularly preferred.
- Q 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- the alkyl group which has 1 carbon atoms which may be ⁇ 6 have a substituent, the same ones as exemplified in the A X and the like.
- Q 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the polymerizable compound of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the reaction shown below.
- a hydrazine compound (hydrazine compound (3)) represented by formula (3) is converted into a carbonyl compound (carbonyl compound (4)) represented by formula (4) and [hydrazine compound (3): carbonyl compound ( 4)] at a molar ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, preferably 1: 1.5 to 1.5: 1.
- the polymerizable compound represented by the formula (I) can be produced.
- the reaction can be carried out by adding an acid catalyst such as an organic acid such as ( ⁇ ) -10-camphorsulfonic acid and paratoluenesulfonic acid; an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid;
- an acid catalyst By adding an acid catalyst, the reaction time may be shortened and the yield may be improved.
- the addition amount of the acid catalyst is usually 0.001 to 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the carbonyl compound (4). Further, the acid catalyst may be added as it is, or may be added as a solution dissolved in an appropriate solution.
- the solvent used in this reaction is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the reaction.
- alcohol solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol; diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane Ether solvents such as 1,4-dioxane and cyclopentyl methyl ether; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and methyl propionate; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene; n-pentane, n Aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane and n-heptane; amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and hexamethylphosphoric tri
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined in consideration of the type of compound used, reaction scale, etc., but is usually 1 to 100 g with respect to 1 g of the hydrazine compound (3).
- the reaction proceeds smoothly in the temperature range from ⁇ 10 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time for each reaction is usually from several minutes to several hours depending on the reaction scale.
- the hydrazine compound (3) can be produced as follows.
- a x and A y represent the same meaning as described above.
- X represents a leaving group such as a halogen atom, a methanesulfonyloxy group, and a p-toluenesulfonyloxy group.
- the compound represented by the formula (2a) and hydrazine (1) are mixed in a suitable solvent in a molar ratio of (compound (2a): hydrazine (1)) of 1: 1 to 1:20, preferably 1 : 2 to 1:10 to obtain the corresponding hydrazine compound (3a). Further, by reacting the hydrazine compound (3a) with the compound represented by the formula (2b), the hydrazine compound ( 3) can be obtained.
- hydrazine (1) a monohydrate is usually used.
- hydrazine (1) a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the solvent used in this reaction is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the reaction.
- alcohol solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol; diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane Ether solvents such as 1,4-dioxane and cyclopentyl methyl ether
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene
- aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as n-pentane, n-hexane and n-heptane
- amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyr
- the amount of the solvent to be used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined in consideration of the type of compound used, reaction scale, etc., but is usually 1 to 100 g with respect to 1 g of hydrazine.
- the reaction proceeds smoothly in a temperature range from ⁇ 10 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time for each reaction is usually from several minutes to several hours depending on the reaction scale.
- the hydrazine compound (3) can be produced by reducing the diazonium salt (5) using a conventionally known method as follows.
- X ⁇ represents an anion which is a counter ion for diazonium.
- examples of X ⁇ include inorganic anions such as hexafluorophosphate ion, borofluoride ion, chloride ion, sulfate ion; polyfluoroalkylcarboxylate ion, polyfluoroalkylsulfonate ion, tetraphenylborate ion And organic anions such as aromatic carboxylate ions and aromatic sulfonate ions.
- a metal salt reducing agent is mentioned as a reducing agent used for the said reaction.
- a metal salt reducing agent is generally a compound containing a low-valent metal or a compound comprising a metal ion and a hydride source (“Organic Synthesis Experiment Handbook”, 1990, published by Maruzen Co., Ltd., edited by the Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan). See).
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. LiAlH 4 , iBu 2 AlH, LiBH 4 , NaBH 4 , SnCl 2 , CrCl 2 , TiCl 3 and the like.
- the diazonium salt (5) can be produced from a compound such as aniline by a conventional method.
- the carbonyl compound (4) typically has an ether bond (—O—), an ester bond (—C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —), a carbonate bond (—O—).
- Formation of an ether bond can be performed as follows.
- D1-hal hal represents a halogen atom; the same shall apply hereinafter
- D2-OMet Metal represents an alkali metal (mainly sodium). The same) is mixed and condensed (Williamson synthesis).
- D1 and D2 represent arbitrary organic groups (the same applies hereinafter).
- a compound represented by the formula: D1-hal and a compound represented by the formula: D2-OH are mixed and condensed in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- a compound represented by the formula: D1-J J represents an epoxy group
- a compound represented by the formula: D2-OH are mixed in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- D1-OFN OFN represents a group having an unsaturated bond
- D2-OMet are mixed with a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. In the presence, they are mixed and subjected to an addition reaction.
- a compound represented by the formula: D1-hal and a compound represented by the formula: D2-OMet are mixed and condensed in the presence of copper or cuprous chloride (Ullman condensation).
- Formation of an ester bond and an amide bond can be performed as follows.
- a compound represented by the formula: D1-COOH and a compound represented by the formula: D2-OH or D2-NH 2 are dehydrated in the presence of a dehydration condensing agent (N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or the like). Allow to condense.
- a dehydration condensing agent N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or the like. Allow to condense.
- a compound represented by the formula: D1-CO-hal is obtained by allowing a halogenating agent to act on the compound represented by the formula: D1-COOH, which is combined with the formula: D2-OH or D2-NH. The compound represented by 2 is reacted in the presence of a base.
- a group represented by the formula: Z 2 —Y 6 —G 2 —Y 4 —A 3 —Y 2 — in the formula (4) is represented by the formula: Z 1 —Y 5 —G 1 —Y 3 —A 2 —Y 1 — is the same as the group represented by — 1 and Y 1 is a group represented by Y 11 —C ( ⁇ O) —O—.
- Compound (4 ′) can be produced by the reaction shown below.
- Y 11 represents Y 11 —C ( ⁇ O) —O— is Y .Y 1 representing one and becomes group .L of the same meaning as above, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a methanesulfonyloxy group, a leaving group such as a p- toluenesulfonyloxy group.
- the compound (7) is a compound (carboxylic acid) in which L is a hydroxyl group in the formula (7), dehydration condensation of 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, etc.
- the target product can be obtained by reacting in the presence of the agent.
- the amount of the dehydrating condensing agent to be used is generally 1 to 3 mol per 1 mol of compound (7).
- the desired product can be obtained by reacting in the presence of a base.
- a base examples include organic bases such as triethylamine and pyridine; and inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 3 mol per 1 mol of compound (7).
- the compound (7) is a compound (mixed acid anhydride) in which L is a methanesulfonyloxy group or p-toluenesulfonyloxy group in the formula (7) is the same as in the case of a halogen atom.
- solvent used in the above reaction examples include chlorine solvents such as chloroform and methylene chloride; amide solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide.
- Solvents such as 1,4-dioxane, cyclopentylmethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,3-dioxolane; sulfur-containing solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene Solvents; aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as n-pentane, n-hexane and n-octane; alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane; and mixed solvents composed of two or more of these solvents; etc. Is mentioned.
- the amount of the solvent to be used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined in consideration of the type of compound used, reaction scale, etc., but is usually 1 to 50 g with respect to 1 g of hydroxy compound (6).
- Many of the compounds (7) are known compounds, and include an ether bond (—O—), an ester bond (—C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —), a carbonate bond (—O—).
- any reaction after the completion of the reaction, the usual post-treatment operation in organic synthetic chemistry is performed, and if desired, by applying known separation / purification means such as column chromatography, recrystallization method, distillation method, etc. Product can be isolated.
- separation / purification means such as column chromatography, recrystallization method, distillation method, etc.
- the structure of the target compound can be identified by measurement of NMR spectrum, IR spectrum, mass spectrum, etc., elemental analysis or the like.
- the second of the present invention is a polymerizable composition containing the polymerizable compound of the present invention and a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization initiator is mix
- the polymerization initiator to be used an appropriate one may be selected and used according to the type of polymerizable group possessed by the polymerizable compound. For example, a radical polymerization initiator is used if the polymerizable group is radically polymerizable, an anionic polymerization initiator is used if it is an anionically polymerizable group, and a cationic polymerization initiator is used if it is a cationically polymerizable group. Good.
- the radical polymerization initiator includes a thermal radical generator that is a compound that generates active species capable of initiating polymerization of a polymerizable compound upon heating; and visible light, ultraviolet light (i-line, etc.), far ultraviolet light, electron Any of photoradical generators, which are compounds that generate active species capable of initiating polymerization of polymerizable compounds upon exposure to exposure light such as X-rays and X-rays, can be used, but photoradical generators are used. Is preferred.
- Photo radical generators include acetophenone compounds, biimidazole compounds, triazine compounds, O-acyloxime compounds, onium salt compounds, benzoin compounds, benzophenone compounds, ⁇ -diketone compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds , Xanthone compounds, diazo compounds, imide sulfonate compounds, and the like. These compounds are components that generate active radicals or active acids or both active radicals and active acids upon exposure.
- a photoradical generator can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- acetophenone compounds include 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, Examples thereof include 1,2-octanedione, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-4′-morpholinobutyrophenone, and the like.
- biimidazole compound examples include 2,2′-bis (2-chlorophenyl) -4,4 ′, 5,5′-tetrakis (4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl) -1,2′-biimidazole, 2 , 2'-bis (2-bromophenyl) -4,4 ', 5,5'-tetrakis (4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl) -1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis (2-chlorophenyl) -4,4 ', 5,5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -4,4', 5,5'-tetraphenyl-1 , 2′-biimidazole, 2,2′-bis (2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) -4,4 ′, 5,5′-tetraphenyl-1,2′-biimi
- a hydrogen donor in combination because sensitivity can be further improved.
- the “hydrogen donor” means a compound that can donate a hydrogen atom to a radical generated from a biimidazole compound by exposure.
- the hydrogen donor mercaptan compounds, amine compounds and the like defined below are preferable.
- Examples of mercaptan compounds include 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-2,5-dimethylaminopyridine, etc. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of amine compounds include 4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone, 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 4-diethylaminoacetophenone, 4-dimethylaminopropiophenone, ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate, Examples include 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid and 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile.
- triazine compounds examples include 2,4,6-tris (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2-methyl-4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- [2- (5-methylfuran -2-yl) ethenyl] -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- [2- (furan-2-yl) ethenyl] -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine 2- [2- (4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl) ethenyl] -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- [2- (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethenyl] -4 , 6-Bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- (4-methoxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-tri
- O-acyloxime compounds include 1- [4- (phenylthio) phenyl] -heptane-1,2-dione 2- (O-benzoyloxime), 1- [4- (phenylthio) phenyl]- Octane-1,2-dione 2- (O-benzoyloxime), 1- [4- (benzoyl) phenyl] -octane-1,2-dione 2- (O-benzoyloxime), 1- [9-ethyl- 6- (2-Methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazol-3-yl] -ethanone 1- (O-acetyloxime), 1- [9-ethyl-6- (3-methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazole-3- Yl] -ethanone 1- (O-acetyloxime), 1- (9-ethyl-6-benzoyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl) -ethanone 1- (O-acetyl)
- anionic polymerization initiator examples include alkyl lithium compounds; monolithium salts or monosodium salts such as biphenyl, naphthalene, and pyrene; polyfunctional initiators such as dilithium salt and trilithium salt; and the like.
- the cationic polymerization initiator examples include proton acids such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride and tin tetrachloride; A combined system of a group onium salt or an aromatic onium salt and a reducing agent.
- proton acids such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
- Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride and tin tetrachloride
- a combined system of a group onium salt or an aromatic onium salt and a reducing agent can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the blending ratio of the polymerization initiator is usually 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable
- a surfactant is added to the polymerizable composition of the present invention in order to adjust the surface tension.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited, but a nonionic surfactant is usually preferable.
- a commercially available product may be used as the nonionic surfactant, and examples thereof include a nonionic surfactant that is an oligomer having a molecular weight of about several thousand, such as KH-40 manufactured by Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the blending ratio of the surfactant is usually 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable compound.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention further includes other copolymerizable monomers, metals, metal complexes, dyes, pigments, fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, leveling agents, thixotropic agents, and gelling agents described later.
- Other additives such as polysaccharides, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, antioxidants, ion exchange resins, and metal oxides such as titanium oxide may be blended.
- the blending ratio of other additives is usually 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable compound.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be usually prepared by mixing and dissolving a predetermined amount of the polymerizable compound of the present invention, a polymerization initiator, and optionally other additives in an appropriate organic solvent. .
- Organic solvents to be used include ketones such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, and methyl ethyl ketone; acetate esters such as butyl acetate and amyl acetate; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and dichloroethane; 1,4-dioxane, cyclopentylmethyl And ethers such as ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and 1,3-dioxolane;
- the polymerizable composition obtained as described above is useful as a raw material for producing the polymer and optical anisotropic body of the present invention, as will be described later.
- the third of the present invention is (1) a polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound of the present invention, or (2) a polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention. is there.
- polymerization means a chemical reaction in a broad sense including a crosslinking reaction in addition to a normal polymerization reaction.
- Polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound of the present invention includes a homopolymer of the polymerizable compound of the present invention and the polymerizability of the present invention. Examples thereof include a copolymer composed of two or more kinds of compounds, or a copolymer of the polymerizable compound of the present invention and another copolymerizable monomer.
- the other copolymerizable monomer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 4- (2-methacryloyloxyethyloxy) benzoic acid-4′-methoxyphenyl and 4- (6-methacryloyloxyhexyl).
- LC-242 manufactured by BASF
- the compounds disclosed in the above can also be used.
- polyfunctional monomers having a plurality of polymerizable unsaturated groups such as acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, vinyl group and allyl group can be used.
- polyfunctional monomers include 1,2-butanediol diacrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, neopentanediol diacrylate, and 1,6-hexanediol.
- Alkanediol diacrylates such as diacrylate; 1,2-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, neopentanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di
- Alkanediol dimethacrylates such as metalylate; polyethylene glycols such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate Acrylates; polypropylene glycol diacrylates such as propylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, tetrapropylene glycol diacrylate; ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene Polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates
- (Co) polymerization of the polymerizable compound of the present invention and other copolymerizable monomers used as necessary can be carried out in the presence of a suitable polymerization initiator.
- the proportion of the polymerization initiator used may be the same as the proportion of the polymerizable compound in the polymerizable composition.
- the content of the polymerizable compound unit of the present invention is particularly limited. However, it is preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more based on the total structural units. If it exists in this range, since the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer is high and high film
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the polymer of (1) includes (A) the polymerizable compound in the presence of a suitable polymerization initiator, and other copolymerizable monomers used as necessary. (Co) polymerization in a suitable organic solvent, the target polymer is isolated, and the resulting polymer is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent to prepare a solution.
- a solution prepared by dissolving, for example, a polymerization initiator together with a polymerization initiator on a substrate by a known coating method, then removing the solvent, and then heating or irradiating active energy rays to perform a polymerization reaction is preferable.
- the polymerization initiator to be used include those exemplified as the components of the polymerizable composition.
- the organic solvent used in the polymerization reaction (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is inert.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and mesitylene
- ketones such as cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone and methyl ethyl ketone
- acetate esters such as butyl acetate and amyl acetate
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane and dichloroethane
- ethers such as cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran;
- those having a boiling point of 60 to 250 ° C. are preferred, and those having a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C. are more preferred, from the viewpoint of excellent handleability.
- Examples of the organic solvent for dissolving the polymer in the method (A) and the organic solvent used in the method (B) include ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone; Ester solvents such as butyl acetate and amyl acetate; halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform and dichloroethane; tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,4-dioxane, cyclopentylmethyl ether, 1,3 -Ether solvents such as dioxolane; aprotic polar solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone; and the like.
- a substrate to be used a known and usual material can be used regardless of organic or inorganic.
- organic materials include polycycloolefins (for example, ZEONEX, ZEONOR (registered trademark; manufactured by ZEON CORPORATION), ARTON (registered trademark; manufactured by JSR), and APPEL (registered trademark; manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals)), polyethylene terephthalate.
- inorganic materials include silicon, glass, calcite, etc. Of these, organic materials are preferred.
- the substrate used may be a single layer or a laminate. As the substrate, an organic material is preferable, and a resin film using the organic material as a film is more preferable.
- a known method can be used, for example, a curtain coating method.
- polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention The polymer of the present invention can be easily obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention.
- a polymerizable composition containing a polymerization initiator as described above, particularly a photopolymerization initiator it is preferable to use a polymerizable composition containing a polymerization initiator as described above, particularly a photopolymerization initiator.
- the polymer of the present invention by applying the method (B), that is, the polymerizable composition of the present invention onto a substrate and polymerizing the same.
- the substrate to be used include a substrate used for producing an optical anisotropic body described later.
- Examples of the method for applying the polymerizable composition of the present invention on a substrate include known and commonly used coating methods such as bar coating, spin coating, roll coating, gravure coating, spray coating, die coating, cap coating, and dipping. .
- a known and commonly used organic solvent may be added to the polymerizable composition of the present invention. In this case, it is preferable to remove the organic solvent by natural drying, heat drying, reduced pressure drying, reduced pressure heat drying or the like after applying the polymerizable composition of the present invention on the substrate.
- Examples of the method for polymerizing the polymerizable compound or the polymerizable composition of the present invention include a method of irradiating active energy rays, a thermal polymerization method, etc., but it is active because the reaction proceeds at room temperature without requiring heating.
- a method of irradiating energy rays is preferable.
- a method of irradiating light such as ultraviolet rays is preferable because the operation is simple.
- the temperature during irradiation is preferably 30 ° C. or lower.
- the light irradiation intensity is usually in the range of 1 W / m 2 to 10 kW / m 2 , preferably in the range of 5 W / m 2 to 2 kW / m 2 .
- the polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound or polymerizable composition of the present invention can be used as a single substance by peeling from the substrate, or it can be used as it is as an organic material for an optical film without peeling from the substrate. You can also.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer of the present invention obtained as described above is preferably 500 to 500,000, more preferably 5,000 to 300,000. If the number average molecular weight is within such a range, a high film hardness can be obtained and handleability is excellent, which is desirable.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using monodispersed polystyrene as a standard sample and tetrahydrofuran as an eluent.
- the polymer of the present invention is presumed that the cross-linking points exist uniformly in the molecule, has high cross-linking efficiency, and is excellent in hardness. According to the polymer of the present invention, an optical film that can perform uniform polarization conversion in a wide wavelength range and is satisfactory in terms of performance can be obtained at low cost.
- optical anisotropic body of the present invention comprises the polymer of the present invention as a constituent material.
- the optical anisotropic body of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by forming an alignment film on a substrate and further forming a liquid crystal layer made of the polymer of the present invention on the alignment film.
- the alignment film is formed on the surface of the substrate in order to regulate the alignment of the organic semiconductor compound in one direction in the plane.
- the alignment film is formed by applying a solution (composition for alignment film) containing a polymer such as polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyarylate, polyamideimide, or polyetherimide onto the substrate in a film shape, drying, and unidirectional It can be obtained by rubbing.
- the thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.001 to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.001 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the alignment film or the substrate can be rubbed.
- the rubbing treatment method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of rubbing the alignment film in a certain direction with a roll made of a synthetic fiber such as nylon or a natural fiber such as cotton or a felt.
- a roll made of a synthetic fiber such as nylon or a natural fiber such as cotton or a felt.
- the alignment film can be provided with a function of regulating the alignment of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer having cholesteric regularity in one direction in a plane by irradiating the surface of the alignment film with polarized ultraviolet rays. it can.
- the method for forming the liquid crystal layer comprising the polymer of the present invention on the alignment film includes the same method as described in the section of the polymer of the present invention.
- the optical anisotropic body of the present invention is composed of the polymer of the present invention, the optical anisotropic body can be manufactured at low cost and can perform uniform polarization conversion in a wide wavelength range, and has excellent performance. is there.
- the optical anisotropic body of the present invention include a retardation plate, an alignment film for liquid crystal display elements, a polarizing plate, a viewing angle widening plate, a color filter, a low-pass filter, a light polarizing prism, and various optical filters.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 1>
- 10.5 g (15.3 mmol) of the intermediate A synthesized in Step 1 above 3.0 g (18.3 mmol) of 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole in a nitrogen stream, And 80 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF) were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 18 mg (0.08 mmol) of ( ⁇ ) -10-camphorsulfonic acid was added and stirred at 25 ° C. for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into 800 ml of 10% sodium bicarbonate water and extracted twice with 100 ml of ethyl acetate.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 2>
- 15 g (21.8 mmol) of Intermediate A synthesized in Step 1 in the synthesis of Compound 1 and 4.89 g of Intermediate B synthesized in the previous Step 1 in a nitrogen stream ( 32.8 mmol) and 100 ml of THF were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 25.4 mg (0.11 mmol) of ( ⁇ ) -10-camphorsulfonic acid was added and stirred at 25 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 800 ml of 10% sodium bicarbonate water and extracted twice with 150 ml of ethyl acetate.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 6>
- intermediate C 600 mg (2.14 mmol) 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) 1.56 g ( 5.35 mmol)
- 39 mg (0.32 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 40 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 1.23 g (6.42 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 15 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 500 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with 100 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 8> 1.
- intermediate G In a four-necked reactor equipped with a thermometer, in a nitrogen stream, 1.00 g (2.93 mmol) of intermediate G, 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) 14 g (7.32 mmol), 179 mg (1.47 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 30 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution. To this solution, 1.69 g (8.79 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 500 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 9> 1.
- Intermediate I 1.20 g (3.24 mmol) of intermediate I, 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) 37 g (8.10 mmol), 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 198 mg (1.62 mmol), and N-methylpyrrolidone 20 ml were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 1.86 g (9.72 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 15 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 200 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 11>
- a four-necked reactor equipped with a thermometer was charged with 800 mg (1.91 mmol) of intermediate K, 1.4 g of 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) in a nitrogen stream. 4.78 mmol), 117 mg (14.3 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 30 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 1.1 g (5.74 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 600 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 12>
- intermediate M 650 mg (2.00 mmol) of intermediate M, 1.46 g of 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) in a nitrogen stream 5.00 mmol)
- 122 mg (1.00 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 122 mg (1.00 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine
- 15 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone 15 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 1.15 g (6.00 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR and mass spectral data.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 13> 2.
- intermediate O 1.85 g (4.85 mmol) of intermediate O, 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) in a nitrogen stream.
- 54 g (12.1 mmol) 296 mg (2.43 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 40 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 2.80 g (14.6 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR and mass spectral data.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 14> 2.
- intermediate P 1.50 g (5.01 mmol)
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid manufactured by DKSH
- 184 mg (1.50 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 30 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 2.88 g (15.0 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 20 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 15>
- a four-necked reactor equipped with a thermometer 947 mg (3.32 mmol) of the intermediate Q synthesized in Step 1 above, 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid (DKSH) in a nitrogen stream.
- DKSH 6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy benzoic acid
- 2.42 g (8.29 mmol) 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 203 mg (1.66 mmol)
- N-methylpyrrolidone 50 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 1.91 g (9.96 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 16>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid in a nitrogen stream 3.63 g (12.4 mmol) (manufactured by DKSH), 304 mg (2.49 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 60 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 2.56 g (14.9 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 15 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the obtained ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 17>
- 2.00 g (5.42 mmol) of the intermediate T synthesized in Step 2 above in a nitrogen stream 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid ( 3.83 g (13.1 mmol) (manufactured by DKSH), 320 mg (2.62 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 20 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 3.01 g (15.7 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 18>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid 3.79 g (13.0 mmol) (manufactured by DKSH)
- 318 mg (2.60 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 318 mg (2.60 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine
- 20 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 2.98 g (15.6 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 19>
- DKSH 6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy benzoic acid
- Step 3 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 100.8 mg (0.825 mmol)
- N-methylpyrrolidone 20 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 948 mg (4.95 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 250 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 20>
- DKSH 6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy benzoic acid
- N-methylpyrrolidone 10 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 834 mg (4.35 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 150 ml of water and extracted with 200 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Crystal means that the test compound is in a solid phase
- Nematic means that the test compound is in a nematic liquid crystal phase
- Isotropic means that the test compound is in an isotropic liquid phase. Show. Among the measured compounds, Compound 12 and Compound 15 caused thermal polymerization during the temperature rise, and the phase transition temperature could not be measured. Further, even when Compound 14 was cooled to 50 ° C., a nematic liquid crystal phase and a solid phase could not be observed.
- Example 21 to 25 1 g of each of the compounds 1 to 5 obtained in Examples 1 to 5, 30 mg of Irgacure 907 (manufactured by BASF) as a photopolymerization initiator, and KH-40 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a surfactant, The same applies below) 100 mg of 1% cyclopentanone solution was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain polymerizable compositions 1 to 5, respectively.
- Irgacure 907 manufactured by BASF
- KH-40 manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Examples 36 to 41, Example 45 0.2 g of each of the compounds 11 to 16 obtained in Examples 11 to 16 and the compound 19 obtained in Example 19 was added to 0.8 g of the compound 1 obtained in Example 1, and photopolymerization was started.
- As an agent 30 mg of Adekatopomer N-1919 and 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 as a surfactant were dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain polymerizable compositions 16 to 21 and 25, respectively.
- Example 42 0.67 g of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound LC242 (manufactured by BASF, compound 2r) was added to 0.33 g of the compound 13 obtained in Example 13, and 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 was used as a photopolymerization initiator.
- an activator 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a polymerizable composition 22.
- Example 46 0.5 g of polymerizable liquid crystal compound LC242 (manufactured by BASF, compound 2r) was added to 0.5 g of the compound 19 obtained in Example 19, and 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 was used as a photopolymerization initiator.
- an activator 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a polymerizable composition 26.
- the obtained polymerizable compositions 1 to 27 and 1r and 2r were polymerized by the following method to obtain a polymer, and the polymer was subjected to phase difference measurement and wavelength dispersion evaluation.
- ⁇ In the case of ideal wavelength dispersion exhibiting broadband characteristics, that is, reverse wavelength dispersion, ⁇ is smaller than 1 and ⁇ is larger than 1. In the case of flat chromatic dispersion, ⁇ and ⁇ have the same value. If it has a general normal variance, ⁇ will be greater than 1 and ⁇ will be less than 1. That is, flat wavelength dispersibility in which ⁇ and ⁇ are approximately the same is preferable, and reverse wavelength dispersibility in which ⁇ is smaller than 1 and ⁇ is larger than 1 is particularly preferable.
- FIG. 1 to 3 show wavelength dispersions of liquid crystal polymer films (liquid crystal layers) obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compositions of Example 26, Example 29, and Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 1 to 3 the horizontal axis represents the measurement wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis represents the phase difference (Re).
- the ⁇ and ⁇ values of the polymerizable composition can be obtained by calculation (simulation). For example, in the case of Comparative Example 1, ⁇ is 1.298 and ⁇ is 0.995, and in the case of Comparative Example 2, ⁇ is 1.260 and ⁇ is 0.943.
- the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of Example 26 has a so-called reverse wavelength in which the retardation on the long wavelength side is larger than the retardation on the short wavelength side. It can be seen that the dispersion characteristics are shown.
- FIG. 2 shows that the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of Example 29 exhibits a flat wavelength dispersion characteristic close to reverse wavelength dispersion.
- the liquid crystalline polymer film obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of Comparative Example 2 has a larger retardation on the short wavelength side than on the longer wavelength side. It can be seen that the wavelength dispersion characteristic is shown.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 21>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid 3.11 g (10.7 mmol) (manufactured by DKSH)
- 260 mg (2.13 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 260 mg (2.13 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine
- 25 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 2.45 g (12.8 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 22>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid in a nitrogen stream, 3.27 g (11.2 mmol) (manufactured by DKSH), 273 mg (2.24 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 15 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 2.57 g (13.4 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours.
- reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 23>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid 3.24 g (11.1 mmol) from DKSH
- 271 mg (2.22 mmol) 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 271 mg
- 20 ml N-methylpyrrolidone 20 ml N-methylpyrrolidone
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 24>
- 4- (6-acryloyl-hex-1-yloxy) benzoic acid in a nitrogen stream, DKSH) (1.74 g, 5.96 mmol
- 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine 145 mg, 1.19 mmol
- N-methylpyrrolidone 15 ml
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 25>
- N-methylpyrrolidone 15 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 921 mg (4.80 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of water and extracted with 500 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 26>
- 3.00 g (4.08 mmol) of the intermediate g synthesized in Step 1 above 672 mg (4.08 mmol) of 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole, 10 ml of THF and ethanol 10 ml was added and the whole volume was stirred at 50 ° C. for 7 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- reaction solution was poured into 500 ml of 0.05N aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted twice with 200 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- the reaction solution was poured into 500 ml of 0.05N aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted twice with 200 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- ⁇ Measurement of phase transition temperature 2> For Compounds 21 to 29, instead of the operation of “Raising the temperature from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. and then lowering the temperature again to 50 ° C.” in “Measurement of phase transition temperature 1”, “Raising the temperature from 40 ° C. to 200 ° C. Then, the phase transition temperature was measured in the same manner as in ⁇ Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature 1> except that the operation of “lowering the temperature to 40 ° C. again” was performed. The measured phase transition temperatures are shown in Table 4 below.
- Example 57 0.8 g of the compound 1 obtained in Example 1 was added to 0.2 g of the compound 21 obtained in Example 48, 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 as a photopolymerization initiator, and KH as a surfactant. 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of ⁇ 40 was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a polymerizable composition 28.
- Example 58 to 61 0.5 g of Compound 1 obtained in Example 1 was added to 0.5 g of each of Compounds 22 to 24 and 27 obtained in Examples 49 to 51 and 54, and Adekaoptomer N was used as a photopolymerization initiator. -1919 30 mg, 100% of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 as a surfactant was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain polymerizable compositions 29 to 32.
- Example 62 to 67 1.0 g of each of the compounds 25, 28, 26, 29, 19, and 11 obtained in Examples 52, 55, 53, 56, 19, and 11, and 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 as a photopolymerization initiator,
- a surfactant 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain polymerizable compositions 33 to 38.
- ⁇ Measurement of phase difference and evaluation of chromatic dispersion 2> The polymerizable compositions 28 to 34 were measured for retardation and evaluated for chromatic dispersion in the same manner as in ⁇ Measurement of retardation and evaluation of chromatic dispersion 1>.
- the drying temperature, orientation temperature, film thickness, phase difference (Re), ⁇ , and ⁇ are summarized in Table 5 below.
- ⁇ Measurement of phase difference and evaluation of chromatic dispersion 3> For the polymerizable composition 35, in the above ⁇ Measurement of retardation and evaluation of wavelength dispersion 1>, instead of “transparent resin substrate having an alignment film”, “a transparent glass provided with a rubbed polyimide alignment film” Measurement of phase difference in the same manner as ⁇ Measurement of phase difference and evaluation of wavelength dispersion 1> except that a “substrate (trade name: orientation-treated glass substrate; manufactured by EHC Co., Ltd.)” is used. And chromatic dispersion were evaluated. The drying temperature, orientation temperature, film thickness, phase difference (Re), ⁇ , and ⁇ are summarized in Table 5 below.
- the obtained polymer is an optical anisotropic body. Moreover, the values of ⁇ and ⁇ of the obtained optical anisotropic body were similar. In the optical anisotropic bodies of Examples 57 to 60, 63, and 66, ⁇ is smaller than 1 and ⁇ is larger than 1, which shows that it is particularly preferable.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 30
- N-methylpyrrolidone 10 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 995 mg (5.19 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with 200 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- the reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with 150 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 31 In a four-necked reactor equipped with a thermometer, 1.36 g (3.83 mmol) of the intermediate k synthesized in Step 2 above and 4- (6-acryloyl-hex) in a nitrogen stream. -1-yloxy) benzoic acid (manufactured by DKSH) 2.80 g (9.58 mmol), 234 mg (1.92 mmol) of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, and 20 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone were added to obtain a homogeneous solution. To this solution, 2.20 g (11.5 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 5 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid. The obtained white solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain 0.6 g of intermediate l (yield: 10.9%).
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 32
- 1.2 g (1.75 mmol) of the intermediate A synthesized in Step 1 in the synthesis of Compound 1 of Example 1 in a nitrogen stream 20 ml of THF, Then, 0.55 g (2.63 mmol) of the intermediate l synthesized in the previous step 1 was added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 41 mg (0.175 mmol) of ( ⁇ ) -10-camphorsulfonic acid was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 20 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 300 ml of 10% sodium bicarbonate and extracted twice with 100 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- chloroform layer was washed twice with 300 ml of a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and the chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- chloroform was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain 7.5 g of yellow oil containing intermediate m. This yellow oil was used in the next reaction without purification.
- Step 2 Synthesis of Compound 33
- 4.0 g (5.82 mmol) of Intermediate A synthesized in Step 1 in the synthesis of Compound 1 of Example 1 and 80 ml of THF in a nitrogen stream. was added to obtain a uniform solution.
- 4.6 g of yellow oil containing intermediate m synthesized in Step 1 was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- THF was distilled off under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to obtain a yellow oil.
- purification by recycle preparative gel permeation chromatography (recycle preparative GPC) using chloroform as a mobile phase was performed to obtain 1.35 g of compound 33 as a yellow solid (yield: 26.8%).
- Step 3 Synthesis of Compound 34
- DKSH 6-acryloyl-hex-1- Iloxy benzoic acid
- N-methylpyrrolidone 15 ml were added to obtain a homogeneous solution.
- 1.12 g (5.82 mmol) of WSC was added, and the whole volume was stirred at 25 ° C. for 4 hours.
- reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate.
- the ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then sodium sulfate was filtered off.
- ethyl acetate was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid.
- the structure of the target product was identified by 1 H-NMR.
- phase transition temperature 10 mg of each of compounds 30 to 34 was weighed and sandwiched between two glass substrates with a polyimide alignment film that had been rubbed in the solid state. This substrate was placed on a hot plate, heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C., and then cooled again to 30 ° C. Changes in the structure of the structure when the temperature was raised or lowered were observed with a deflection optical microscope (Nikon Corporation, ECLIPSE LV100POL type). The measured phase transition temperatures are shown in Table 6 below. In Table 6, “C”, “N”, and “I” represent the same meaning as described above.
- Example 73 to 76 1.0 g of each of Compounds 30 to 33 obtained in Examples 68 to 71, 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 as a photopolymerization initiator, and 1% cyclopentanone solution of KH-40 as a surfactant 100 mg was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain polymerizable compositions 39 to 42.
- Example 77 0.5 g of Compound 1 obtained in Example 1 was added to 0.5 g of Compound 34 obtained in Example 72, 30 mg of Adekaoptomer N-1919 was used as a photopolymerization initiator, and KH was used as a surfactant. 100 mg of a 1% cyclopentanone solution of ⁇ 40 was dissolved in 2.3 g of cyclopentanone. This solution was filtered through a disposable filter having a pore diameter of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a polymerizable composition 43.
- Table 7 shows that the polymers obtained in Examples 73 to 77 according to the present invention are optically anisotropic. Moreover, the values of ⁇ and ⁇ of the obtained optical anisotropic body were similar.
Abstract
Description
しかしながら、従来の位相差板には、位相差板を通過して出力される偏光が有色の偏光に変換されてしまうという問題があった。これは、位相差板を構成する材料が位相差について波長分散性を有し、可視光域の光線が混在する合成波である白色光に対して各波長ごとの偏光状態に分布が生じることから、全ての波長領域において正確な1/4λあるいは1/2λの位相差に調整することが不可能であることに起因する。
このような問題を解決するため、広い波長域の光に対して均一な位相差を与え得る広帯域位相差板、いわゆる逆波長分散性を有する位相差板が種々検討されている(例えば、特許文献1~6)。
薄層化の方法としては、フィルム基材に低分子重合性化合物を含有する重合性組成物を塗布することにより位相差板を作成する方法が、近年では最も有効な方法とされている。優れた波長分散性を有する低分子重合性化合物又はそれを用いた重合性組成物の開発が多く行われている(例えば、特許文献7~24)。
(1)下記式(I)
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の2価の脂肪族基を表す〔該脂肪族基には、-O-、-S-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-NR2-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-NR2-、-NR2-、又は、-C(=O)-が介在していてもよい。ただし、-O-又は-S-がそれぞれ2以上隣接して介在する場合を除く。ここで、R2は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表す。〕。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立して、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~10のアルケニル基を表す。
Axは芳香族炭化水素環及び芳香族複素環からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの芳香環を有する、炭素数2~30の有機基を表す。
Ayは水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基、-C(=O)-R3、-SO2-R6、又は、芳香族炭化水素環及び芳香族複素環からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの芳香環を有する、炭素数2~30の有機基を表す。
前記Ax及びAyが有する芳香環は置換基を有していてもよい。
また、前記AxとAyは一緒になって、環を形成していてもよい。ここで、R3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基を表し、R6は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、フェニル基、又は、4-メチルフェニル基を表す。
A1は、置換基を有していてもよい三価の芳香族基を表す。
A2、A3はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~30の二価の芳香族基を表す。
Q1は、水素原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表す。〕
で示される重合性化合物。
(3)前記Axが、置換基を有していてもよい、下記構造式で表されるいずれかの基である(1)又は(2)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
(4)前記Ayが、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基、-C(=O)-R3(ここで、R3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~12のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~12のアルケニル基、若しくは置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基を表す。)で示される基、又は、-SO2-R6(ここで、R6は、炭素数1~12のアルキル基、炭素数2~12のアルケニル基、フェニル基、又は、4-メチルフェニル基を表す。)で示される基である(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
(6)前記Y1~Y6が、それぞれ独立して、化学的な単結合、-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、又は、-O-C(=O)-O-である(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
(7)前記Z1、Z2がそれぞれ独立して、CH2=CH-、CH2=C(CH3)-、又は、CH2=C(Cl)-である(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
(8)前記G1、G2がそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~12の2価の脂肪族基〔該脂肪族基には、-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-又は-C(=O)-が介在していてもよい。ただし、-O-が2以上隣接して介在する場合を除く。〕である(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
(10)前記(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物を少なくとも1種類含有する重合性組成物。
(11)前記(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物、及び重合開始剤を含有する重合性組成物。
(13)液晶性高分子である(12)に記載の高分子。
(14)前記(13)に記載の高分子を構成材料とする光学異方体。
本発明の光学異方体は、本発明の高分子を構成材料とするため、低コストで得られ、広い波長域において一様の偏光変換が可能な、性能面で満足のいくものである。
その具体的な実用例としては、本発明のフィルム状の光学異方体を偏光板と組み合わせることで反射防止フィルムを作製することができる。このものは、産業上例えばタッチパネルや有機電界発光素子の反射防止に好適に使用することができる。
本発明の重合性化合物は、前記式(I)で表される化合物である。
式中、Y1~Y6はそれぞれ独立して、化学的な単結合、-O-、-S-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-NR1-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-NR1-、-O-C(=O)-NR1-、-NR1-C(=O)-O-、-NR1-C(=O)-NR1-、-O-NR1-、又は、-NR1-O-を表す。
R1の炭素数1~6のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、n-へキシル基等が挙げられる。
R1としては、水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基が好ましい。
炭素数1~20の2価の脂肪族基としては、鎖状構造を有する2価の脂肪族基;飽和環状炭化水素(シクロアルカン)構造、不飽和環状炭化水素(シクロアルケン)構造等の脂環式構造を有する2価の脂肪族基;等が挙げられる。
前記脂肪族基に介在する基としては、-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-C(=O)-が好ましい。
該アルケニル基の炭素数としては、2~6が好ましい。Z1及びZ2のアルケニル基の置換基であるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等が挙げられ、塩素原子が好ましい。
本発明において、「芳香環」は、Huckel則に従う広義の芳香族性を有する環状構造、すなわち、π電子を(4n+2)個有する環状共役構造、及びチオフェン、フラン、ベンゾチアゾール等に代表される、硫黄、酸素、窒素等のヘテロ原子の孤立電子対がπ電子系に関与して芳香族性を示すものを意味する。
なお、Axの炭素数2~30の有機基の「炭素数」は、置換基の炭素原子を含まない有機基全体の総炭素数を意味する(後述するAyにて同じである。)。
が挙げられる。置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基の炭素数は、2~12であることが好ましい。
R6の、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、及び炭素数2~20のアルケニル基の具体例は、前記Ayの、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基の例として列記したものと同様のものが挙げられる。
また、Ayが有する芳香環は、任意の位置に置換基を有していてもよい。かかる置換基としては、前記Axが有する芳香環の置換基として列記したものと同様のものが挙げられる。
下記に示す基がさらに好ましく、
下記に示す基が特に好ましい。
これらの基は任意の位置に置換基を有していても良い。かかる置換基としては、前記Axが有する芳香環の置換基として列記したものと同様のものが挙げられる。
また、これらの環は置換基を有していてもよい。
かかる置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、ニトロ基、-C(=O)-R4、-C(=O)-OR4、-SO2R4等が挙げられる。ここで、R4は前記と同じ意味を表す。
AxとAyの特に好ましい組み合わせとしては、Axが下記構造を有する基のいずれかであり、Ayが、水素原子、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、又は、(ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、若しくは炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基)を置換基として有していてもよい炭素数1~12のアルキル基である組合せである。
A1は置換基を有していてもよい三価の芳香族基を表す。三価の芳香族基としては、三価の炭素環式芳香族基であっても、三価の複素環式芳香族基であってもよい。本発明の所望の効果をより良好に発現させる観点から、三価の炭素環式芳香族基が好ましく、三価のベンゼン環基又は三価のナフタレン環基がより好ましく、下記式に示す三価のベンゼン環基又は三価のナフタレン環基がさらに好ましい。
なお、下記式においては、結合状態をより明確にすべく、置換基Y1、Y2を便宜上記載している(Y1、Y2は、前記と同じ意味を表す。以下にて同じ。)。
A2、A3の芳香族基は単環のものであっても、多環のものであってもよい。
A2、A3の好ましい具体例としては、下記のものが挙げられる。
置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基としては、前記AXで例示したのと同様のものが挙げられる。
これらの中でも、Q1は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基が好ましく、水素原子及びメチル基がより好ましい。
すなわち、式(3)で表されるヒドラジン化合物(ヒドラジン化合物(3))を、式(4)で表されるカルボニル化合物(カルボニル化合物(4))と、〔ヒドラジン化合物(3):カルボニル化合物(4)〕のモル比で、1:2~2:1、好ましくは1:1.5~1.5:1の割合で反応させることにより、高選択的かつ高収率で目的とする本発明の式(I)で示される重合性化合物を製造することができる。
これらの中でも、アルコール系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、及びアルコール系溶媒とエーテル系溶媒の混合溶媒が好ましい。
この反応に用いる溶媒としては、反応に不活性なものであれば特に限定されない。例えば、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、n-プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、n-ブチルアルコール、イソブチルルコール、sec-ブチルアルコール、t-ブチルアルコール等のアルコール系溶媒;ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、1,4-ジオキサン、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル等のエーテル系溶媒;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒;n-ペンタン、n-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素系溶媒;N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N-メチルピロリドン、ヘキサメチルリン酸トリアミド等のアミド系溶媒;ジメチルスルホキシド、スルホラン等の含硫黄系溶媒;及びこれらの2種以上からなる混合溶媒;等が挙げられる。
これらの中でも、アルコール系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、及びアルコール系溶媒とエーテル系溶媒の混合溶媒が好ましい。
反応は、-10℃から用いる溶媒の沸点までの温度範囲で円滑に進行する。各反応の反応時間は、反応規模にもよるが、通常、数分から数時間である。
金属塩還元剤とは、一般に低原子価金属を含む化合物、もしくは金属イオンとヒドリド源からなる化合物である(「有機合成実験法ハンドブック」1990年社団法人有機合成化学協会編 丸善株式会社発行810ページを参照)。
金属塩還元剤としては、NaAlH4、NaAlHp(Or)q(p、qはそれぞれ独立して1~3の整数を表し、p+q=4である。rは炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表す。)、LiAlH4、iBu2AlH、LiBH4、NaBH4、SnCl2、CrCl2、TiCl3等が挙げられる。
また、ジアゾニウム塩(5)は、アニリン等の化合物から常法により製造することができる。
(i)式:D1-hal(halはハロゲン原子を表す。以下にて同じ。)で表される化合物と、式:D2-OMet(Metはアルカリ金属(主にナトリウム)を表す。以下にて同じ。)で表される化合物とを混合して縮合させる(ウイリアムソン合成)。なお、式中、D1及びD2は任意の有機基を表す(以下にて同じ。)
(ii)式:D1-halで表される化合物と、式:D2-OHで表される化合物とを水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の塩基存在下、混合して縮合させる。
(iii)式:D1-J(Jはエポキシ基を表す。)で表される化合物と、式:D2-OHで表される化合物とを水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の塩基存在下、混合して縮合させる。
(iv)式:D1-OFN(OFNは不飽和結合を有する基を表す。)で表される化合物と、式:D2-OMetで表される化合物を、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の塩基存在下、混合して付加反応させる。
(v)式:D1-halで表される化合物と、式:D2-OMetで表される化合物とを、銅あるいは塩化第一銅存在下、混合して縮合させる(ウルマン縮合)。
(vi)式:D1-COOHで表される化合物と、式:D2-OH又はD2-NH2で表される化合物とを、脱水縮合剤(N,N-ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド等)の存在下に脱水縮合させる。
(vii)式:D1-COOHで表される化合物にハロゲン化剤を作用させることにより、式:D1-CO-halで表される化合物を得、このものと式:D2-OH又はD2-NH2で表される化合物とを、塩基の存在下に反応させる。
(viii)式:D1-COOHで表される化合物に酸無水物を作用させることにより、混合酸無水物を得た後、このものに、式:D2-OH又はD2-NH2で表される化合物を反応させる。
(ix)式:D1-COOHで表される化合物と、式:D2-OH又はD2-NH2で表される化合物とを、酸触媒あるいは塩基触媒の存在下に脱水縮合させる。
脱水縮合剤の使用量は、化合物(7)1モルに対し、通常1~3モルである。
用いる塩基としては、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン等の有機塩基;水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム等の無機塩基が挙げられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(7)1モルに対し、通常1~3モルである。
化合物(7)が、式(7)中、Lがメタンスルホニルオキシ基、又はp-トルエンスルホニルオキシ基の化合物(混合酸無水物)である場合もハロゲン原子の場合と同様である。
溶媒の使用量は、特に限定されず、用いる化合物の種類や反応規模等を考慮して適宜定めることができるが、ヒドロキシ化合物(6)1gに対し、通常1~50gである。
本発明の第2は、本発明の重合性化合物、及び重合開始剤を含有する重合性組成物である。重合開始剤は本発明の重合性化合物の重合反応をより効率的に行う観点から配合される。
「水素供与体」とは、露光によりビイミダゾール系化合物から発生したラジカルに対して、水素原子を供与することができる化合物を意味する。水素供与体としては、下記で定義するメルカプタン系化合物、アミン系化合物等が好ましい。
これらの重合開始剤は一種単独で、又は二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明の重合性組成物において、重合開始剤の配合割合は、重合性化合物100重量部に対し、通常、0.1~30重量部、好ましくは0.5~10重量部である。
本発明の第3は、(1)本発明の重合性化合物を重合して得られる高分子、又は、(2)本発明の重合性組成物を重合して得られる高分子である。
ここで、「重合」とは、通常の重合反応のほか、架橋反応を含む広い意味での化学反応を意味するものとする。
本発明の重合性化合物を重合して得られる高分子としては、本発明の重合性化合物の単独重合体、本発明の重合性化合物の2種以上からなる共重合体、又は、本発明の重合性化合物と他の共重合可能な単量体との共重合体が挙げられる。
市販品としては、LC-242(BASF社製)等を用いることができる。また、特開2007-002208号公報、特開2009-173893号公報、特開2009-274984号公報、特開2010-030979号公報、特開2010-031223号公報、特開2011-006360号公報等に開示されている化合物等も用いることができる。
このような多官能単量体としては、1,2-ブタンジオールジアクリレート、1,3-ブタンジオールジアクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジアクリレート、ネオペンタンジオールジアクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート等のアルカンジオールジアクリレート類;1,2-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,3-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、ネオペンタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジメタリレート等のアルカンジオールジメタクリレート類;エチレングリコールジアクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート等のポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート類;プロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、テトラプロピレングリコールジアクリレート等のポリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート類;エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレート等のポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート類;プロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート等のポリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート類;エチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル等のポリエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル類;エチレングリコールジアリルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジアリルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジアリルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジアリルエーテル等のポリエチレングリコールジアリルエーテル類;ビスフェノールFエトキシレートジアクリレート;ビスフェノールFエトキシレートジメタクリレート;ビスフェノールAエトキシレートジアクリレート;ビスフェノールAエトキシレートジメタクリレート;トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート;トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート;トリメチロールプロパンエトキシレートトリアクリレート;トリメチロールプロパンエトキシレートトリメタクリレート;トリメチロールプロパンプロポキシレートトリアクリレート;トリメチロールプロパンプロポキシレートトリメタクリレート;イソシアヌル酸エトキシレートトリアクリレート;グリセロールエトキシレートトリアクリレート;グリセロールプロポキシレートトリアクリレート;ペンタエリスリトールエトキシレートテトラアクリレート;ジトリメチロールプロパンエトキリレートテトラアクリレート;ジペンタエリスリトールエトキシレートヘキサアクリレート等が挙げられる。
用いる重合開始剤としては、前記重合性組成物の成分として例示したのと同様のものが挙げられる。
また、用いる基板は、単層のものであっても、積層体であってもよい。
基板としては、有機材料が好ましく、この有機材料をフィルムとした樹脂フィルムが更に好ましい。
本発明の重合性組成物を重合することにより、本発明の高分子を容易に得ることができる。本発明においては、重合反応をより効率的に行う観点から、前記したような重合開始剤、特に光重合開始剤を含む重合性組成物を用いるのが好ましい。
本発明の高分子によれば、広い波長域において一様の偏光変換が可能な、性能面で満足のいく光学フィルムを低コストで得ることができる。
本発明の光学異方体は、本発明の高分子を構成材料とする。
本発明の光学異方体は、例えば、基板上に配向膜を形成し、該配向膜上に、さらに、本発明の高分子からなる液晶層を形成することによって、得ることができる。
配向膜は、ポリイミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエステル、ポリアリレート、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルイミド等のポリマーを含有する溶液(配向膜用組成物)を基板上に膜状に塗布し、乾燥させ、そして一方向にラビング処理等することで、得ることができる。
配向膜の厚さは0.001~5μmであることが好ましく、0.001~1μmであることがさらに好ましい。
また、ラビング処理する方法以外に、配向膜の表面に偏光紫外線を照射する方法によっても、配向膜にコレステリック規則性を持つコレステリック液晶層を面内で一方向に配向規制する機能を持たせることができる。
本発明の光学異方体としては、位相差板、液晶表示素子用配向膜、偏光板、視野角拡大板、カラーフィルター、ローパスフィルター、光偏光プリズム、各種光フィルター等が挙げられる。
(実施例1) 化合物1の合成
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、先のステップ1で合成した中間体A 10.5g(15.3mmol)、2-ヒドラジノベンゾチアゾール3.0g(18.3mmol)、及びテトラヒドロフラン(THF)80mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、(±)-10-カンファースルホン酸18mg(0.08mmol)を加え、25℃にて3時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を10%重曹水800mlに投入し、酢酸エチル100mlで2回抽出した。酢酸エチル層を集め、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=8:2(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物1を8.0g得た(収率:62.7%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルで同定した。
LCMS(APCI):calcd for C46H47N3O10S:833[M+];Found:833
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、化合物1の合成におけるステップ1で合成した中間体A 15g(21.8mmol)、先のステップ1で合成した中間体B 4.89g(32.8mmol)、及びTHF100mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、(±)-10-カンファースルホン酸25.4mg(0.11mmol)を加えて、25℃にて3時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を10%重曹水800mlに投入し、酢酸エチル150mlで2回抽出した。酢酸エチル層を集め、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにてろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=8:2(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物2を9.2g得た(収率:51.6%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルで同定した。
LCMS(APCI):calcd for C46H47N3O11:817[M+];Found:817
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルで同定した。
LCMS(APCI):calcd for C49H50N2O10:826[M+];Found:826
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体C 600mg(2.14mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.56g(5.35mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン39mg(0.32mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン40mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.23g(6.42mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて15時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水500mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=9:1(体積比))により精製し、黄色固体として重合性化合物6を1.08g得た(収率:60.9%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体E 500mg(1.67mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.22g(4.18mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン102mg(835μmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 960mg(5.01mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて15時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=9:1(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物7を1.03g得た(収率:72.4%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体G 1.00g(2.93mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)2.14g(7.32mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 179mg(1.47mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン 30mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.69g(8.79mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて18時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水500mlに投入し、酢酸エチル500mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=9:1(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物8を2.11g得た(収率:80.9%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体I 1.20g(3.24mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)2.37g(8.10mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 198mg(1.62mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.86g(9.72mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて15時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=9:1(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物9を1.13g得た(収率:37.9%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体K 800mg(1.91mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.4g(4.78mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン117mg(14.3mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン30mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.1g(5.74mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて18時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水600mlに投入し、酢酸エチル500mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=9:1(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物11を12.8g得た(収率:68.8%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
GCMS(EI-MS)calcd for C9H8N4S:204[M+];Found m/z:204
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
LCMS(APCI)calcd for C16H12N4O2S:324[M+];Found m/z:324
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体M 650mg(2.00mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.46g(5.00mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン122mg(1.00mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン15mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.15g(6.00mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて18時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物12を907mg得た(収率:51.8%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
LCMS(APCI)calcd for C48H48N4O10S:872[M+];Found m/z:872
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
GCMS(EI-MS)calcd for C16H12F3N3O2S:367[M+];Found m/z:367
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体O 1.85g(4.85mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.54g(12.1mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン296mg(2.43mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン40mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC2.80g(14.6mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて12時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物13を3.31g得た(収率:74.5%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMR、マススペクトルデータで同定した。
LCMS(APCI)calcd for C48H48F3N3O10S:915[M+];Found m/z:915
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、中間体P 1.50g(5.01mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.66g(12.5mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン184mg(1.50mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン30mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.88g(15.0mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて20時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=80:20(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物14を2.56g得た(収率:60.3%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、先のステップ1で合成した中間体Q 947mg(3.32mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)2.42g(8.29mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン203mg(1.66mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン50mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.91g(9.96mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。得られた酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物15を1.6g得た(収率:58.2%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、先のステップ1で合成した中間体R 1.41g(4.97mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.63g(12.4mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 304mg(2.49mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン60mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.56g(14.9mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて15時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。得られた酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として重合性化合物16を3.21g得た(収率:77.5%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体T 2.00g(5.42mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.83g(13.1mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン320mg(2.62mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 3.01g(15.7mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル500mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物17を2.68g得た(収率:55.0%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体V 1.90g(5.19mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.79g(13.0mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン318mg(2.60mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.98g(15.6mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル500mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物18を1.92g得た(収率:40.4%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体X 560mg(1.65mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.21g(4.13mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン100.8mg(0.825mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 948mg(4.95mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル250mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物19を1.09g得た(収率:74.4%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体Z 575mg(1.45mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.06g(3.64mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 88.6mg(0.73mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン10mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 834mg(4.35mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水150mlに投入し、酢酸エチル200mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物20を1.13g得た(収率:82.6%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
化合物1~20、化合物1r及び2rをそれぞれ10mg計量し、固体状態のままで、ラビング処理を施したポリイミド配向膜付きのガラス基板2枚に挟んだ。この基板をホットプレート上に載せ、50℃から200℃まで昇温した後、再び50℃まで降温した。昇温、降温する際の組織構造の変化を偏向光学顕微鏡(ニコン社製、ECLIPSE LV100POL型)で観察した。
測定した相転移温度を下記表1に示す。
表1中、「C」はCrystal、「N」はNematic、「I」はIsotropicをそれぞれ表す。ここで、Crystalとは、試験化合物が固相にあることを、Nematicとは、試験化合物がネマチック液晶相にあることを、Isotropicとは、試験化合物が等方性液体相にあることを、それぞれ示す。
測定を行った化合物の内、化合物12と化合物15は昇温中に熱重合を起こし、相転移温度を測定することができなかった。また、化合物14は50℃まで冷却しても、ネマチック液晶相及び固相を観察することができなかった。
実施例1~5で得られた化合物1~5のそれぞれを1g、光重合開始剤として、イルガキュアー907(BASF社製)を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40(AGCセイミケミカル社製、以下にて同じ。)の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgを、シクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物1~5をそれぞれ得た。
実施例1~10で得られた化合物1~10、実施例17~18で得られた化合物17~18、実施例20で得られた化合物20、参考例1の化合物1r、及び参考例2の化合物2rのそれぞれを1g、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919(ADEKA社製、以下にて同じ。)を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgを、シクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物6~15、23~24、27、1r、及び2rをそれぞれ得た。
実施例1で得られた化合物1 0.8gに、実施例11~16で得られた化合物11~16、及び実施例19で得られた化合物19のそれぞれを0.2g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgを、シクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物16~21及び25をそれぞれ得た。
実施例13で得られた化合物13 0.33gに、重合性液晶化合物LC242(BASF社製、化合物2r)を0.67g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgを、シクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物22を得た。
実施例19で得られた化合物19 0.5gに、重合性液晶化合物LC242(BASF社製、化合物2r)を0.5g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgを、シクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物26を得た。
(i)配向膜を有する透明樹脂基材の作製
厚み100μmの、脂環式オレフィンポリマーからなるフィルム(日本ゼオン社製、商品名:ゼオノアフィルムZF16-100)の両面をコロナ放電処理した。5%のポリビニルアルコールの水溶液を当該フィルムの片面に♯2のワイヤーバーを使用して塗布し、塗膜を乾燥して、膜厚0.1μmの配向膜を形成した。次いで、当該配向膜をラビング処理し、配向膜を有する透明樹脂基材を作製した。
実施例21~47、比較例1、2について、以下のようにして波長分散測定用の試料を作製した。
得られた配向膜を有する透明樹脂基材の、配向膜を有する面に、重合性組成物6~27、及び、1r、2rを、♯4のワイヤーバーを使用して塗布した。塗膜を、下記表2、表3に示す温度で30秒間乾燥した後、表2、表3に示す温度で1分間配向処理し、膜厚約1.5μmの液晶層を形成した。その後、液晶層の塗布面側から2000mJ/cm2の紫外線を照射して重合させ、波長分散測定用の試料とした。ここで、実施例27は125℃で露光し、それ以外の実施例は23℃で露光した。
得られた試料につき、400nmから800nm間の位相差を、エリプソメーター(J.A.Woollam社製 XLS-100型)を用いて測定した。
測定した位相差を用いて以下のように算出されるα、β値から波長分散を評価した。
即ち、αとβが同程度の値となるフラットな波長分散性が好ましく、αが1より小となり、βが1より大となる逆波長分散性が特に好ましい。
また、実施例26、実施例29及び比較例2の重合性組成物を重合して得られた液晶性高分子膜(液晶層)の波長分散を図1~3に示す。
図1~3中、横軸は測定波長(nm)、縦軸は位相差(Re)である。
なお、重合性組成物のα、β値は計算(シミュレーション)により求めることができる。例えば、比較例1の場合、αが1.298、βが0.995であり、比較例2の場合、αが1.260、βが0.943である。
これに対し、比較例1及び比較例2では、光学異方体のαは1よりかなり大きく、βは1より小さいものであった。
また、図1より、実施例26の重合性組成物を重合して得られた液晶性高分子膜は、短波長側における位相差よりも、長波長側における位相差のほうが大きい、いわゆる逆波長分散特性を示していることがわかる。また、図2より、実施例29の重合性組成物を重合して得られた液晶性高分子膜は、逆波長分散に近い、フラットな波長分散特性を示していることがわかる。一方、図3より、比較例2の重合性組成物を重合して得られた液晶性高分子膜は、短波長側における位相差の方が、長波長側における位相差よりも大きい、通常の波長分散特性を示していることがわかる。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体b 1.60g(4.26mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.11g(10.7mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン260mg(2.13mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン25mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.45g(12.8mmol)を加え、全容を25℃で16時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル500mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物21を1.78g得た(収率:45.2%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
11.35(s,1H)、10.89(brs,1H)、8.66(s,1H)、8.34(s,1H)、8.27-8.30(m,1H)、8.09-8.12(m,1H)、7.54(d,1H,J=7.8Hz)、7.42-7.45(m,2H)、7.15-7.22(m,2H)、7.01(ddd,1H,J=1.4Hz,7.1Hz,8.0Hz)6.64(s,1H)
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ1で合成した中間体c 1.50g(4.47mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.27g(11.2mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 273mg(2.24mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン15mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.57g(13.4mmol)を加え、全容を25℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水100mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、黄色固体として化合物22を1.48g得た(収率:37.5%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ1で合成 した中間体d 1.55g(4.44mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)3.24g(11.1mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 271mg(2.22mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.55g(13.3mmol)を加え、全容を25℃で16時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム:メタノール=95:5(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物23を1.61g得た(収率:40.4%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
9.83(s,1H)、9.71(s,1H)、8.39(s,1H)、8.17-8.20(m,1H)、8.04-8.07(m,1H)、7.83(d,1H,J=8.3Hz)、7.58(d,1H,J=8.3Hz)、7.47-7.52(m,2H)、7.31(dd,1H,J=7.4Hz,8.3Hz)、7.19(s,1H)、7.14(dd,1H,J=7.4Hz,8.3Hz)、4.36(t,2H,J=7.3Hz)、1.66-1.73(m,2H)、1.21-1.41(m,6H)、0.83(t,3H,J=7.1Hz)
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ1で合成した中間体e 1.00g(2.38mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.74g(5.96mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 145mg(1.19mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン15mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.37g(7.14mmol)を加え、全容を25℃で15時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物24を1.79g得た(収率:77.7%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ1で合成した中間体f 672mg(1.60mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.17g(4.01mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 97.8mg(0.801mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン15mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 921mg(4.80mmol)を加え、全容を25℃で16時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、淡黄色固体として化合物25を1.16g得た(収率:40.0%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ1で合成した中間体g 3.00g(4.08mmol)、2-ヒドラジノベンゾチアゾール 672mg(4.08mmol)、THF10ml及びエタノール10mlを加え、全容を50℃で7時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、黄色固体として化合物26を1.94g得た(収率:66.6%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
化合物21~29につき、前記〈相転移温度の測定1〉において、「50℃から200℃まで昇温した後、再び50℃まで降温する」操作に代えて、「40℃から200℃まで昇温した後、再び40℃まで降温する」操作を行ったこと以外は、〈相転移温度の測定1〉と同様にして、相転移温度を測定した。
測定した相転移温度を下記表4に示す。
実施例48で得られた化合物21 0.2gに、実施例1で得られた化合物1を0.8g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919 30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgをシクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物28を得た。
実施例49~51、54で得られた化合物22~24、27のそれぞれ0.5gに、実施例1で得られた化合物1を0.5g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919 30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgをシクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物29~32を得た。
実施例52、55、53、56、19、11で得られた化合物25、28、26、29、19、11のそれぞれ1.0gに、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919 30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgをシクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物33~38を得た。
重合性組成物28~34につき、前記〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉と同様にして、位相差の測定と波長分散の評価を行った。乾燥温度、配向温度、膜厚、及び、位相差(Re)、α、βの値を下記表5にまとめて示す。
重合性組成物35につき、前記〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉において、「配向膜を有する透明樹脂基材」の代わりに、「ラビング処理されたポリイミド配向膜の付与された透明ガラス基板(商品名:配向処理ガラス基板;E.H.C.Co.,Ltd.製)」を用いる以外は、〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉と同様にして、位相差の測定と波長分散の評価を行った。乾燥温度、配向温度、膜厚、及び、位相差(Re)、α、βの値を下記表5にまとめて示す。
重合性組成物36~38につき、前記〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉において、「1分間の配向処理」を下記表5に示す温度で行い、その後、「その温度を維持した状態で」、液晶層の塗布面側から2000mJ/cm2の紫外線を照射して重合させた以外は、〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉と同様にして、位相差の測定と波長分散の評価を行った。乾燥温度、配向温度、膜厚、及び、位相差(Re)、α、βの値を下記表5にまとめて示す。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流下中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体i 85mg(1.73mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.27g(4.33mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン106mg(0.865mmol)、及び、N-メチルピロリドン10mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 995mg(5.19mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて18時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水100mlに投入し、酢酸エチル200mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物30を1.17g得た(収率:73.8%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流下中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体k 1.36g(3.83mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)2.80g(9.58mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン234mg(1.92mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン20mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 2.20g(11.5mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて5時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水200mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、白色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=90:10(体積比))により精製し、白色固体として化合物31を1.61g得た(収率:46.5%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、実施例1の化合物1の合成におけるステップ1で合成した中間体A1.2g(1.75mmol)、THF20ml、及び、先のステップ1で合成した中間体l 0.55g(2.63mmol)を加えて均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、(±)-10-カンファースルホン酸41mg(0.175mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて20時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応液を10%の重曹300mlに投入し、酢酸エチル100mlで2回抽出した。酢酸エチル層を集め、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、淡黄色固体を得た。この淡黄色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=8:2(体積比)により精製し、白色固体として化合物32を1.0g得た(収率:65.1%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
この黄色オイルは精製することなく、そのまま次の反応に用いた。
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、実施例1の化合物1合成におけるステップ1で合成した中間体A 4.0g(5.82mmol)、及びTHF80mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、前記ステップ1で合成した中間体mを含む黄色オイル 4.6gを加え、全容を25℃にて2時間攪拌した。反応終了後、ロータリーエバポレーターにてTHFを減圧留去して、黄色オイルを得た。この黄色オイルをシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製した。更に、クロロホルムを移動相とするリサイクル分取ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(リサイクル分取GPC)による精製を行い、黄色固体として化合物33を1.35g得た(収率:26.8%)。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,TMS,δppm):8.17(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、8.08(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、7.883-7.877(m,1H)、7.66(s,1H)、7.62-7.60(m,4H)、7.35(d,1H,J=7.5Hz)、7.33(d,1H,J=7.5Hz)、7.26(dd,1H、J=7.5Hz,1.0Hz)、7.25(dd,1H,J=7.5Hz,1.0Hz)、7.21-7.20(m,2H)、6.97(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、6.89(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、6.39(dd,1H,J=17.5Hz、1.5Hz)、6.37(dd,1H,J=17.5Hz,1.5Hz)、6.11(dd,1H,J=17.5Hz,10.5Hz)、6.09(dd,1H,J=17.5Hz,10.5Hz)、5.80(dd,1H,J=10.5Hz,1.5Hz)、5.79(dd,1H,J=10.5Hz,1.5Hz)、5.62(d,1H,J=9.5Hz)、5.52(d,1H,J=9.5Hz)、4.17(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)、4.14(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)、4.03(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)、3.96(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)、1.86-1.65(m,8H)、1.56-1.40(m,8H)
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,TMS,δppm):7.60(dd,1H、J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz)、7.53(dd,1H,J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz)、7.27(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,7.5Hz,8.0Hz)、7.06(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,7.5Hz,8.0Hz)、4.22(s,2H)、3.74(t,2H,J=7.5Hz)、1.73(tt,2H,J=7.5Hz,7.5Hz)、1.41-1.25(m,18H)、0.88(t,3H,J=7.0Hz)
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
H-NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6,TMS,δppm):9.87(s,1H)、9.75(s,1H)、8.43(s,1H)、8.20-8.24(m,1H)、8.08-8.11(m,1H)、7.87(dd,1H,J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz)、7.61(dd,1H,J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz)、7.51-7.56(m,2H)、7.35(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,7.5Hz,8.0Hz)、7.22(s,1H)、7.18(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,7.5Hz,8.0Hz)、4.40(t,2H,J=7.5Hz)、1.73(tt,2H,J=7.5Hz、7.5Hz)、1.33-1.43(m,4H)、1.16-1.27(m,14H)、0.83(t,3H,J=7.0Hz)
温度計を備えた4つ口反応器に、窒素気流中、前記ステップ2で合成した中間体o 975mg(1.94mmol)、4-(6-アクリロイル-ヘクス-1-イルオキシ)安息香酸(DKSH社製)1.42g(4.85mmol)、4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン 119mg(0.97mmol)、及びN-メチルピロリドン15mlを加え、均一な溶液とした。この溶液に、WSC 1.12g(5.82mmol)を加え、全容を25℃にて4時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水100mlに投入し、酢酸エチル300mlで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、硫酸ナトリウムをろ別した。ロータリーエバポレーターにて、ろ液から酢酸エチルを減圧留去して、黄色固体を得た。この白色固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(トルエン:酢酸エチル=95:5(体積比))により精製し、黄色固体として化合物34を1.21g得た(収率:59.3%)。
目的物の構造は1H-NMRで同定した。
H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,TMS,δppm): 8.33(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、8.32(d,2H,J=9.0Hz)、8.05(s,1H)、7.88-7.93(m,3H)、7.63(dd,2H,J=1.0Hz,8.5Hz)、7.51-7.54(m,2H)、7.30(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz,8.5Hz)、7.12(ddd,1H,J=1.0Hz,8.0Hz,8.5Hz)、7.06(d,4H,J=9.0Hz)、6.42(dd,2H,J=1.5Hz,17.5Hz)、6.14(dd,2H,J=10.5Hz,17.5Hz)、5.84(dd,2H,J=1.5Hz,10.5Hz)、4.17-4.22(m,6H)、4.11(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)、4.10(t,2H,J=7.0Hz)、1.85-1.89(m,4H)、1.73-1.78(m,4H)、1.47-1.63(m,10H)、1.19-1.33(m,18H)、0.88(t,3H,J=7.0Hz)
化合物30~34をそれぞれ10mg計量し、固体状態のままで、ラビング処理を施したポリイミド配向膜付きのガラス基板2枚に挟んだ。この基板をホットプレート上に載せ、30℃から200℃まで昇温した後、再び30℃まで降温した。昇温、降温する際の組織構造の変化を偏向光学顕微鏡(ニコン社製、ECLIPSE LV100POL型)で観察した。 測定した相転移温度を下記第6表に示す。第6表中、「C」、「N」、「I」は前記と同じ意味を表す。
実施例68~71で得られた化合物30~33のそれぞれ1.0gに、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgをシクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物39~42を得た。
実施例72で得られた化合物34 0.5gに実施例1で得られた化合物1を0.5g添加し、光重合開始剤として、アデカオプトマーN-1919を30mg、界面活性剤として、KH-40の1%シクロペンタノン溶液100mgをシクロペンタノン2.3gに溶解させた。この溶液を0.45μmの細孔径を有するディスポーサブルフィルターでろ過し、重合性組成物43を得た。
重合性組成物39~43につき、前記〈位相差の測定と波長分散の評価1〉と同様にして、位相差の測定と波長分散の評価を行った。乾燥温度、配向温度、膜厚、及び、位相差(Re)、α、βの値を下記表7にまとめて示す。
Claims (14)
- 下記式(I)
G1、G2はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の2価の脂肪族基を表す〔該脂肪族基には、-O-、-S-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-NR2-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-NR2-、-NR2-、又は、-C(=O)-が介在していてもよい。ただし、-O-又は-S-がそれぞれ2以上隣接して介在する場合を除く。ここで、R2は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表す。〕。
Z1、Z2はそれぞれ独立して、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~10のアルケニル基を表す。
Axは芳香族炭化水素環及び芳香族複素環からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの芳香環を有する、炭素数2~30の有機基を表す。
Ayは水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基、-C(=O)-R3、-SO2-R6、又は、芳香族炭化水素環及び芳香族複素環からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの芳香環を有する、炭素数2~30の有機基を表す。
前記Ax及びAyが有する芳香環は置換基を有していてもよい。
また、前記AxとAyは一緒になって、環を形成していてもよい。ここで、R3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基を表し、R6は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、フェニル基、又は、4-メチルフェニル基を表す。
A1は、置換基を有していてもよい三価の芳香族基を表す。
A2、A3はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~30の二価の芳香族基を表す。
Q1は、水素原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表す。〕
で示される重合性化合物。 - 前記AxとAyに含まれるπ電子の総数が4以上24以下である請求項1に記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記Ayが、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基、-C(=O)-R3(ここで、R3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~12のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数2~12のアルケニル基、若しくは置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基を表す。)、又は、-SO2-R6(ここで、R6は、炭素数1~12のアルキル基、炭素数2~12のアルケニル基、フェニル基、又は、4-メチルフェニル基を表す。)で表される基である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記A1が、置換基を有していてもよい、三価のベンゼン環基又は三価のナフタレン環基であり、A2、A3が、それぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい、フェニレン基又はナフチレン基である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記Y1~Y6が、それぞれ独立して、化学的な単結合、-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、又は、-O-C(=O)-O-である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記Z1、Z2が、それぞれ独立して、CH2=CH-、CH2=C(CH3)-、又は、CH2=C(Cl)-である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記G1、G2がそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~12の2価の脂肪族基〔該脂肪族基には、-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-又は-C(=O)-が介在していてもよい。ただし、-O-が2以上隣接して介在する場合を除く。〕である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 前記G1、G2がそれぞれ独立して、炭素数1~12の2価のアルキレン基である請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物を少なくとも1種類含有する重合性組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物、及び重合開始剤を含有する重合性組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の重合性化合物、又は、請求項10若しくは請求項11に記載の重合性組成物を重合して得られる高分子。
- 液晶性高分子である請求項12に記載の高分子。
- 請求項13に記載の高分子を構成材料とする光学異方体。
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EP3483141A2 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
US10647794B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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JP6773613B2 (ja) | 2020-10-21 |
EP3483141A3 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
KR102093947B1 (ko) | 2020-03-26 |
CN106278943A (zh) | 2017-01-04 |
EP2703385A1 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
KR101985943B1 (ko) | 2019-06-04 |
EP3483141B1 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
EP2703385B1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
JP2017032987A (ja) | 2017-02-09 |
KR20190061104A (ko) | 2019-06-04 |
EP3266764A1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
EP4223746A1 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
JP2020015736A (ja) | 2020-01-30 |
US20160145363A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
JP6183514B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
US9207360B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
KR20140020296A (ko) | 2014-02-18 |
KR20180098417A (ko) | 2018-09-03 |
KR101891573B1 (ko) | 2018-08-24 |
CN103492363B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
CN103492363A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
JP5979136B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 |
US20140142266A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
JPWO2012147904A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
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