JP2020143363A - 低プロファイル電解銅箔 - Google Patents
低プロファイル電解銅箔 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020143363A JP2020143363A JP2020004659A JP2020004659A JP2020143363A JP 2020143363 A JP2020143363 A JP 2020143363A JP 2020004659 A JP2020004659 A JP 2020004659A JP 2020004659 A JP2020004659 A JP 2020004659A JP 2020143363 A JP2020143363 A JP 2020143363A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper foil
- treated
- layer
- treated copper
- foil according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 218
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 triltriazole Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FMCUPJKTGNBGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triazol-4-amine Chemical compound NN1C=NN=C1 FMCUPJKTGNBGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTQBNYCMVZQRSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-ethenylphenyl)-trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 LTQBNYCMVZQRSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBHPRUXJQNWTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-2-methylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 FBHPRUXJQNWTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-1,2,3-Triazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNN=1 QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFJDQPJLANOOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-benzotriazole-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 KFJDQPJLANOOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOYKFSOCSXVQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DOYKFSOCSXVQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCS IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBQVDAIIQCXKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C=C KBQVDAIIQCXKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTBHBNXGFPTBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-1-sulfanylidene-2,6,7-trioxa-1$l^{5}-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1OP2(=S)OCC1(C(C)(C)C)CO2 VTBHBNXGFPTBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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Abstract
Description
表面処理銅箔の製造
・電解銅箔の製造
電解質を製造するために、銅線を硫酸水溶液(50wt%)に溶解させ、280g/Lの硫酸銅(CuSO4・5H2O)を含む硫酸銅電解質溶液を得た。当該硫酸銅電解質溶液は、20〜80g/Lの硫酸及び5〜35mg/Lの塩素イオン(塩酸に由来する。RCI Labscan会社製)を含んだ(具体的な含有量は表1に示される)。硫酸銅電解質1リットル当たり、3.23mgのキトサン(Chitosan、MW=5000、Aldrich社製)と1.83mgの3,3'−チオビス−1−プロパンスルホン酸二ナトリウム塩(TBPS、Aldrich社製)をさらに添加した。
粗面化処理の第一工程において、上記のように電解銅箔を製造した後、酸性溶液を使用して電解銅箔を洗浄した。その過程において、130g/Lの硫酸銅と50g/Lの硫酸を含む電解質が充填された酸洗浄容器を使用し、溶液の温度を約27℃に維持した。電解銅箔を酸洗浄容器に入れて、電解質に30秒間浸させ、表面の油、脂肪及び酸化物を除去した。次に、電解銅箔を水でリンスした。
表1には、上記のように特定の条件で作成された銅箔が示され、23個の実施例が記載される。記載されたデータは、表面処理銅箔のいくつかの実施形態を例示的に説明する。表面処理銅箔にとって、良好な特徴とは、例えば、0.40N/mm以上の高い剥離強度、及び低い伝送損失値(低い絶対値)、例えば、約−23dB/mを超えると測定された伝送損失を有することである。
・結晶粒度(grain size number)
電解銅箔の調製に使用されるドラムは、特定の結晶粒度で簡単に得られた。結晶粒度も、標準試験方法JIS G0552を使用して測定できる。
表1の容積パラメータは、ISO 25178−2(2012)の方法に準じて得られた。レーザー顕微鏡の画像に対して表面テクスチャ解析を行った。前記レーザー顕微鏡はOlympus社製のLEXT OLS5000−SAFであり、画像は空気温度24±3℃及び相対湿度63±3%で撮られた。フィルター設定はフィルターなしと設定された。光源の波長源は405nmであった。対物レンズは100×(MPLAPON−100xLEXT)であった。光学ズームは1.0×と設定された。画像面積は129μm×129μmと設定された。解析度は1024画素×1024画素と設定された。条件をオートチルト除去(auto tilt removal)と設定された。
表面処理銅箔のサンプルのサイズは、100×100mm(面積=1dm2)であった。サンプルの溶解を防止するために、サンプルの粗面化されていない面に保護層を塗布した。次に、サンプルを20mLの18%HCl溶液に10分間溶解した。この過程においては、処理層を選択的に溶解した。この溶液を50mLのメスフラスコに注ぎ、誘導結合プラズマ発光分光計(ICP−OES)を使用して、アルゴンガスをキャリアガスとし、ネブライザー流量0.5L/分で、ニッケル含有量を測定した。サンプルにおけるニッケル含有量(μg)は、表1に示されるように、ニッケル面密度(μg/dm2)で示した。
表面処理銅箔のサンプルのサイズは200×200mmである。200×200mmのサンプルを225℃に設定されたオーブンに入れた。15分後、サンプルについて、処理面が酸化を示す着色を示しているかどうかを検査した。
表面処理銅箔のノジュール層を樹脂基板と接触させるように、表面処理銅箔のサンプルを樹脂基板(パナソニック株式会社製のMegtron6)に配置した。続いて、銅箔及び樹脂を真空プレス機に入れ、30kg/cm2のプレス圧力を用いて、190℃の温度で120分間ラミネートし、銅張ラミネート板(Copper Clad Laminate、CCL)を提供した。そして、IPC−TM−650を使用して剥離強度を評価した。
表面処理銅箔サンプルにおける水素と酸素の含有量は、非分散型赤外線検出器(Non−Dispersion Infrared、NDIR)付き酸素/窒素/水素アナライザ(Horiba社製、EMGA−930)を使用して測定した。
ストリップライン(strip−line)を使用して伝送特性を評価した。樹脂に銅箔を貼り付け、さらにストリップラインとし、このストリップラインをソース電極として使用した。樹脂(SyTech社のS7439G)の厚さは152.4μmであり、IPC−TM650 No.2.5.5.5による10GHz信号試験で、Dk(Dielectric Constant、誘電率)=3.74、Df(Dielectric Loss、誘電損失)=0.006であった。前記ストリップラインは、長さが100mmであり、幅が120μmであり、厚さが18μmであった。
102 銅箔
104 ドラム面
106 沈積面
108、108’ 処理層
110 表面処理面
112 ノジュール層
114 バリア層
116 防錆層
118 カップリング層
210 ピーク
212 ホール
214、310、312 領域
Claims (16)
- ドラム面と沈積面とを有する電解銅箔、及び
前記ドラム面及び前記沈積面の一方に設けられ、表面処理面を提供する処理層
を含む、表面処理銅箔であって、
前記処理層は、ノジュール層を含み、
前記表面処理面は、0.1〜0.9μm3/μm2の範囲内にある空隙容積(Vv)を有し、
前記表面処理銅箔における水素と酸素の合計含有量は、300ppm以下である、
表面処理銅箔。 - 前記酸素と水素の合計量は、少なくとも50ppmである、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記空隙容積(Vv)は、0.7μm3/μm2以下である、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記処理層は、ニッケルを含むバリア層をさらに含み、
前記処理層のニッケル面密度は、40〜200μg/dm2の範囲内にある、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。 - 前記空隙容積(Vv)は、0.7μm3/μm2以下である、請求項4に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記ニッケル面密度は、120μg/dm2以下である、請求項4に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記表面処理面は、0.08〜0.84μm3/μm2の範囲内にあるコア部空隙容積(Vvc)を有する、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記表面処理面は、0.01〜0.07μm3/μm2の範囲内にある谷部空隙容積(Vvv)を有する、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記処理層は、前記沈積面にある、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記処理層は、前記ドラム面にある、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記処理層は、第1処理層であり、
前記表面処理銅箔は、前記ドラム面と前記沈積面の一方に設けられる第2処理層をさらに含み、
前記第1処理層及び第2処理層は、前記電解銅箔の同じ面に設けられていない、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。 - 前記第2処理層は、ノジュール層を含まない、請求項11に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記処理層は、カバー層、バリア層、防錆層、及びカップリング層の少なくとも一つをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔。
- 前記バリア層は、一つ以上のサブ層を含み、
各サブ層は、それぞれ独立に金属又は前記金属を含む合金を含み、
前記金属は、Ni、Zn、Cr、Co、Mo、Fe、Sn、及びVから選ばれる少なくとも一つである、請求項13に記載の表面処理銅箔。 - 表面処理銅箔と樹脂層とを含むラミネート板であって、
前記樹脂層は、前記表面処理銅箔の表面処理面と接触し、
前記表面処理銅箔は、
ドラム面と沈積面を有する電解銅箔、及び
前記沈積面と前記沈積面の一方に設けられ、ノジュール層を含み、表面処理面を提供する処理層、
を含み、
前記表面処理面は、0.1〜0.9μm3/μm2の範囲内にある空隙容積(Vv)を有し、
前記表面処理銅箔における水素と酸素の合計含有量は、300ppm以下であり、
前記表面処理銅箔は、40〜200μg/dm2の範囲内にあるニッケル面密度を有する、
ラミネート板。 - 請求項1に記載の表面処理銅箔を含む回路板と、前記回路板に取り付けられた複数の素子とを有する装置であって、
前記複数の素子の少なくとも第1素子と第2素子は、前記回路板の表面処理銅箔を介して電気的に接続される、
装置。
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