TW201505956A - 去耦合之全像式膜層及散光器 - Google Patents
去耦合之全像式膜層及散光器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
在本文中所描述之各種實施例中,一種顯示器件包括一前照明器件,該前照明器件包含一安置於一諸如一干涉調變器陣列之顯示元件陣列之前方的光導,以跨越該顯示元件陣列分布光。該光導可包括一用於將來自一光源之均勻照明傳遞至該顯示元件陣列的轉向膜層。對於許多攜帶型顯示器應用,該光導包含在製造該等顯示元件之過程中所使用之基板。該顯示器件亦可包括額外膜層。該光導(例如)可包括一散光器及/或一光學隔離層以進一步增強該顯示器之光學特性。
Description
本發明係關於微機電系統(MEMS)。
微機電系統(MEMS)包括微機械元件、致動器及電子設備。可使用沈積、蝕刻及/或蝕刻掉基板及/或所沈積之材料層之部分或添加層以形成電氣及機電器件的其他微機械加工製程來產生微機械元件。一類型之MEMS器件稱為干涉調變器。如本文中所使用,術語"干涉調變器"或"干涉光調變器"指代使用光學干涉原理來選擇性地吸收及/或反射光之器件。在特定實施例中,干涉調變器可包含一對導電板,該對導電板中之一者或兩者可整體地或部分地為透明及/或反射的,且能夠在施加適當電信號後即相對運動。在特定實施例中,一板可包含沈積於基板上之靜止層,且另一板可包含藉由氣隙而與該靜止層分離之金屬膜。如本文中更詳細描述,一板相對於另一板之位置可改變入射於干涉調變器上之光之光學干涉。該等器件具有廣泛範圍之應用,且在此項技術中利用及/或修改此等類型之器件之特性以使得其特徵可用以改良現存產品並產生尚未開發之新產品將係有益的。
本文中所描述之各種實施例包含一種顯示器件,其包含基板、複數個顯示元件、轉向膜層及包覆層。基板經組態以在其中導引光。該複數個顯示元件由基板支撐且在基板之後方。轉向膜層在基板之前方
且經組態以使基板中所導引之光朝著該複數個顯示元件轉向。複數個散射特徵在轉向膜層之前方。包覆層安置於轉向膜層與散射特徵之間,以使得光在轉向膜層及基板中經導引。
本文中所描述之特定實施例包含一種顯示器件,其包含用於顯示影像之構件及用於支撐顯示構件之構件。支撐構件安置於顯示構件之前方且經組態以在其中導引光。顯示器件進一步包含用於使支撐構件內所導引之光朝著顯示構件轉向的構件。光轉向構件在支撐構件之前方。顯示器件另外包含用於使光散射之構件,其安置於光轉向構件之前方。該顯示器件亦包含用於使來自光轉向構件之光重定向回至光轉向構件中以使得光在光轉向構件及支撐構件中經導引的構件。光重定向構件係在光轉向構件與光散射構件之間。
本文中所描述之特定實施例包含一種製造顯示器件之方法,該方法包含提供一基板,複數個顯示元件在該基板之後方。該基板經組態以在其中導引光。在此方法中,轉向膜層安置於基板之前方。轉向膜層經組態以使基板及轉向膜層中所導引之光朝著該複數個顯示元件轉向。複數個散射特徵提供於轉向膜層之前方。包覆層安置於轉向膜層與散射特徵之間,以使得光在光轉向膜層及基板中經導引。
5‧‧‧光
12a‧‧‧左側干涉調變器/像素
12b‧‧‧右側干涉調變器/像素
14‧‧‧活動反射層/金屬材料條帶
14a‧‧‧活動反射層
14b‧‧‧活動反射層
16‧‧‧光學堆疊/層
16a‧‧‧光學堆疊
16b‧‧‧光學堆疊
18‧‧‧支柱/支撐件
19‧‧‧間隙
20‧‧‧透明基板
21‧‧‧處理器
22‧‧‧陣列驅動器
24‧‧‧列驅動器電路
26‧‧‧行驅動器電路
27‧‧‧網路介面
28‧‧‧圖框緩衝器
29‧‧‧驅動器控制器
30‧‧‧顯示器陣列或面板/顯示器
32‧‧‧系拴
34‧‧‧可變形層
40‧‧‧顯示器件
41‧‧‧外殼
42‧‧‧支撐柱塞
43‧‧‧天線
44‧‧‧匯流排結構
45‧‧‧揚聲器
46‧‧‧麥克風
47‧‧‧收發器
48‧‧‧輸入器件
50‧‧‧電源
52‧‧‧調節硬體
80‧‧‧照明裝置
81‧‧‧光導區域/光導/光導部分/光傳播區域
82‧‧‧轉向膜層/轉向層
82a‧‧‧轉向特徵
82b‧‧‧載體
83‧‧‧光源
84‧‧‧散光器/散光器層
84a‧‧‧散光或散射特徵/散光層/散光器
84b‧‧‧載體
85‧‧‧玻璃基板
86‧‧‧干涉調變器/顯示元件/光調變器
88a‧‧‧包覆層
88b‧‧‧光學隔離層
89‧‧‧箭頭
90‧‧‧抗反射層
100‧‧‧蓋透鏡或觸碰面板
圖1為描繪干涉調變器顯示器之一實施例之一部分的等角視圖,其中第一干涉調變器之活動反射層處於鬆弛位置中,且第二干涉調變器之活動反射層處於致動位置中。
圖2為說明併有3×3干涉調變器顯示器之電子器件之一實施例的系統方塊圖。
圖3為圖1之干涉調變器之一例示性實施例的活動鏡面位置對所施加之電壓的圖式。
圖4為可用以驅動干涉調變器顯示器之一組列電壓及行電壓的說
明。
圖5A說明圖2之3×3干涉調變器顯示器中的顯示資料之一個例示性圖框。
圖5B說明可用以寫入圖5A之圖框之列信號及行信號的一例示性時序圖。
圖6A及圖6B為說明包含複數個干涉調變器之視覺顯示器件之一實施例的系統方塊圖。
圖7A為圖1之器件之橫截面。
圖7B為干涉調變器之一替代實施例之橫截面。
圖7C為干涉調變器之另一替代實施例之橫截面。
圖7D為干涉調變器之又一替代實施例之橫截面。
圖7E為干涉調變器之額外替代實施例之橫截面。
圖8為顯示器件之一部分之橫截面,該顯示器件包含安置於形成顯示元件之基板上的轉向膜層及散光器。
圖9為進一步包含抗反射塗層之顯示器件之一部分的橫截面。
圖10為進一步包含透鏡或觸碰面板之顯示器件之一部分的橫截面。
以下詳細描述係針對本發明之特定特殊實施例。然而,本發明可以多種不同方式來具體化。在此描述中,參看諸圖式,其中相似部分貫穿全文藉由相似數字來指定。如將自以下描述而顯而易見,該等實施例可實施於經組態以顯示影像之任何器件中,無論運動影像(例如,視訊)還是靜止影像(例如,靜態影像)且無論文字影像還是圖形影像。更特定言之,預期該等實施例可實施於多種電子器件中或與其相關聯而實施,該等電子器件諸如(但不限於)行動電話、無線器件、個人資料助理(PDA)、掌上型或攜帶型電腦、GPS接收器/導航器、相機、MP3
播放機、可攜式攝像機、遊戲控制台、腕錶、鐘錶、計算器、電視監視器、平板顯示器、電腦監視器、自動顯示器(例如,里程計顯示器等)、駕駛艙控制器及/或顯示器、相機視野顯示器(例如,車輛中之後視相機之顯示器)、電子照片、電子廣告牌或電子標記、投影儀、建築結構、封裝及美學結構(例如,關於一件珠寶之影像顯示)。與本文中所描述之彼等MEMS器件之結構類似的MEMS器件亦可用於非顯示器應用中,諸如電子開關器件中。
在本文中所描述之各種實施例中,顯示器件包括前照明器件,該前照明器件包含安置於顯示元件陣列(諸如,干涉調變器陣列)之前方的光導,以跨越該顯示元件陣列分布光。舉例而言,可將包括轉向膜層之光導安置於顯示元件陣列之前方,以將來自光源之均勻照明傳遞至顯示元件陣列,同時允許來自顯示元件陣列之周圍燈光的照明之選項。然而,對於許多攜帶型顯示器應用而言,重要的係顯示器非常薄。因此,在本文中所描述之各種實施例中,光導包含製造顯示元件過程中所使用之基板。光導亦可包括額外膜層。光導(例如)可包括沈積或層壓於支撐顯示元件陣列之玻璃基板之頂面或底面上的轉向膜層。因此,整個顯示器之總厚度僅稍微增加超過形成於基板上之顯示元件自身的厚度。特定實施例包括額外光學層(諸如,散光器及/或光學隔離層)以進一步增強顯示器之光學特性。
圖1中說明一包含干涉MEMS顯示元件之干涉調變器顯示器實施例。在此等器件中,像素係在明亮狀態或黑暗狀態中。在明亮("開啟"或"打開")狀態中,顯示元件將大部分之入射可見光反射至使用者。當在黑暗("斷開"或"關閉")狀態中時,顯示元件反射極少入射可見光至使用者。視實施例而定,"開啟"及"斷開"狀態之光反射性質可顛倒。MEMS像素可經組態以主要在選定之色彩下反射,從而允許除黑色及白色之外之色彩顯示。
圖1為描繪視覺顯示器之一系列像素中之兩個鄰近像素的等角視圖,其中每一像素包含一MEMS干涉調變器。在一些實施例中,干涉調變器顯示器包含此等干涉調變器之一列/行陣列。每一干涉調變器包括一對反射層,該對反射層經定位為彼此相距可變且可控之距離以形成具有至少一可變尺寸之共振光學間隙。在一實施例中,反射層中之一者可在兩個位置之間移動。在第一位置(在本文中稱作鬆弛位置)中,活動反射層定位於距固定之部分反射層相對大的距離處。在第二位置(在本文中稱作致動位置)中,活動反射層更緊密地鄰近於該部分反射層而定位。自該兩層反射之入射光視活動反射層之位置而相長地或相消地干涉,從而為每一像素產生總反射或非反射狀態。
圖1中所描繪之像素陣列之部分包括兩個鄰近干涉調變器12a與12b。在左側干涉調變器12a中,說明活動反射層14a,其處於距光學堆疊16a預定距離之鬆弛位置中,該光學堆疊16a包括一部分反射層。在右側干涉調變器12b中,說明活動反射層14b,其處於鄰近於光學堆疊16b之致動位置中。
如本文中所提及,光學堆疊16a及16b(共同稱作光學堆疊16)通常包含若干融合層(fused layer),該等融合層可包括諸如氧化銦錫(ITO)之電極層、諸如鉻之部分反射層及透明介電質。光學堆疊16由此導電、部分透明及部分反射,且可(例如)藉由將上述層中之一或多者沈積於透明基板20上而製造。部分反射層可由部分反射之多種材料形成,諸如各種金屬、半導體及介電質。部分反射層可由一或多個材料層形成,且該等層中之每一者可由單一材料或材料之組合形成。
在一些實施例中,將光學堆疊16之層圖案化成平行條帶,且如下文進一步描述,光學堆疊16之層可在顯示器件中形成列電極。可將活動反射層14a、14b形成為沈積於支柱18之上的一或多個所沈積之金屬層(與16a、16b之列電極正交)及沈積於支柱18之間的介入犧牲材料的
一系列平行條帶。當蝕刻掉犧牲材料時,活動反射層14a、14b與光學堆疊16a、16b藉由所界定之間隙19分離。諸如鋁之高導電及反射之材料可用於反射層14,且此等條帶可形成顯示器件中之行電極。
在無施加電壓之情況下,間隙19保持在活動反射層14a與光學堆疊16a之間,活動反射層14a處於機械鬆弛狀態中,如藉由圖1中之像素12a說明。然而,當向選定之列及行施加電位差時,形成於對應像素處之列電極與行電極之相交點處的電容器變成帶電荷,且靜電力將電極牽引在一起。若電壓足夠高,則活動反射層14變形且被迫使抵靠光學堆疊16。光學堆疊16內之介電層(此圖中未說明)可防止短路且控制層14與16之間的分離距離,如藉由圖1中右側之像素12b說明。不管所施加之電位差之極性,行為係相同的。以此方式,可控制反射像素狀態對非反射像素狀態之列/行致動在許多方面類似於習知LCD及其他顯示技術中所使用之彼列/行致動。
圖2至圖5B說明用於在顯示器應用中使用干涉調變器陣列之一例示性製程及系統。
圖2為說明可併有本發明之態樣的電子器件之一實施例的系統方塊圖。在例示性實施例中,電子器件包括處理器21,其可為任何通用單晶片或多晶片微處理器,諸如ARM、Pentium®、Pentium II®、Pentium III®、Pentium IV®、Pentium® Pro、8051、MIPS®、Power PC®、ALPHA®;或任何專用微處理器,諸如數位信號處理器、微控制器或可程式化閘陣列。如此項技術中所習知,處理器21可經組態以執行一或多個軟體模組。除執行作業系統之外,處理器可經組態以執行一或多個軟體應用程式,包括網頁瀏覽器、電話應用程式、電子郵件程式或任何其他軟體應用程式。
在一實施例中,處理器21亦經組態以與陣列驅動器22通信。在一實施例中,陣列驅動器22包括將信號提供至顯示器陣列或面板30之列
驅動器電路24及行驅動器電路26。圖1中所說明之陣列之橫截面藉由圖2中之線1-1來展示。對於MEMS干涉調變器,列/行致動協定可利用圖3中所說明之此等器件之滯後性質。其可能需要(例如)10伏特電位差來使得活動層自鬆弛狀態變形至致動狀態。然而,當電壓自彼值降低時,活動層隨著電壓下降回至低於10伏特而維持其狀態。在圖3之例示性實施例中,活動層直至電壓下降至低於2伏特才完全鬆弛。因此,在圖3中所說明之實例中,存在約3V至7V之施加電壓窗,器件在該窗內穩定處於鬆弛狀態或致動狀態中。此窗在本文中稱作"滯後窗"或"穩定性窗"。對於具有圖3之滯後特性之顯示器陣列而言,可設計列/行致動協定,使得在列選通期間,使所選通之列中待致動之像素曝露於約10伏特之電壓差,且使待鬆弛之像素曝露於接近於零伏特之電壓差。在選通之後,使像素曝露於約5伏特之穩定狀態電壓差,以使得其保持處於列選通將其置於之任何狀態中。在此實例中,在被寫入之後,每一像素經歷3伏特至7伏特之"穩定性窗"內之電位差。此特徵使圖1中所說明之像素設計在相同施加電壓條件下穩定處於致動或鬆弛預先存在狀態中。因為干涉調變器之每一像素(不管處於致動狀態還是鬆弛狀態中)本質上為藉由固定及移動反射層形成之電容器,所以可在滯後窗內之電壓下保持此穩定狀態而幾乎無功率耗散。若所施加之電位固定,則實質上無電流流入像素中。
在典型應用中,可藉由根據第一列中之所致動之像素的所要集合斷定行電極之集合而產生顯示圖框。接著,將列脈衝施加至列1電極,從而致動對應於所斷定之行線之像素。接著,改變行電極之所斷定之集合以對應於第二列中之所致動之像素的所要集合。接著,將脈衝施加至列2電極,從而根據所斷定之行電極來致動列2中之適當像素。列1像素不受列2脈衝影響,且保持處於其在列1脈衝期間所設定之狀態中。此可以順序型式重複用於整個系列之列,以產生圖框。大體而言,
藉由以每秒某所要數目之圖框不斷地重複此製程而用新顯示資料再新及/或更新圖框。用於驅動像素陣列之列電極及行電極以產生顯示圖框之廣泛多種協定亦為眾所熟知的且可連同本發明一起使用。
圖4、圖5A及圖5B說明一用於在圖2之3×3陣列上產生顯示圖框之可能的致動協定。圖4說明可用於展現圖3之滯後曲線之像素的行及列電壓位準之可能集合。在圖4實施例中,致動像素涉及將適當行設定至-Vbias,且將適當列設定至+△V,-Vbias及+△V可分別對應於-5伏特及+5伏特。使像素鬆弛係藉由將適當行設定至+Vbias且將適當列設定至同一+△V從而跨越像素產生零伏特電位差而實現。在列電壓保持在零伏特之彼等列中,像素穩定處於其最初所處之任何狀態中,不管行處於+Vbias還是-Vbias。亦如圖4中所說明,應瞭解,可使用與上文所描述之彼等電壓之極性相反的電壓,例如,致動像素可涉及將適當行設定至+Vbias且將適當列設定至-△V。在此實施例中,釋放像素係藉由將適當行設定至-Vbias且將適當列設定至同一-△V從而跨越像素產生零伏特電位差而實現。
圖5B為展示施加至圖2之3×3陣列的將產生圖5A中所說明之顯示配置的一系列列信號及行信號的時序圖,其中所致動之像素為非反射的。在寫入圖5A中所說明之圖框之前,像素可處於任何狀態中,且在此實例中,所有列均在0伏特且所有行均在+5伏特。在此等所施加電壓之情況下,所有像素均穩定處於其現存致動或鬆弛狀態中。
在圖5A圖框中,致動像素(1,1)、(1,2)、(2,2)、(3,2)及(3,3)。為實現此目的,在列1之"線時間"期間,將行1及2設定至-5伏特,且將行3設定至+5伏特。此不會改變任何像素之狀態,因為所有像素均保持在3伏特至7伏特之穩定性窗中。接著藉由自0伏特升至5伏特且返回至零之脈衝來選通列1。此致動(1,1)及(1,2)像素且使(1,3)像素鬆弛。陣列中之其他像素不受影響。為了視需要而設定列2,將行2設定至-5伏特,且
將行1及3設定至+5伏特。施加至列2之同一選通接著將致動像素(2,2)且使像素(2,1)及(2,3)鬆弛。又,陣列中之其他像素不受影響。類似地藉由將行2及3設定至-5伏特且將行1設定至+5伏特來設定列3。列3選通設定列3像素,如圖5A中所展示。在寫入圖框之後,列電位為零,且行電位可保持在+5或-5伏特,且接著顯示器穩定處於圖5A之配置中。應瞭解,同一程序可用於數十或數百個列及行之陣列。亦應瞭解,可在上文所概述之一般原理內廣泛地改變用以執行列及行致動之電壓的時序、順序及位準,且上述實例僅為例示性的,且任何致動電壓方法可與本文中所描述之系統及方法一起使用。
圖6A及圖6B為說明顯示器件40之實施例的系統方塊圖。顯示器件40可為(例如)蜂巢式電話或行動電話。然而,顯示器件40之相同組件或其輕微變化亦說明各種類型之顯示器件,諸如電視及攜帶型媒體播放機。
顯示器件40包括外殼41、顯示器30、天線43、揚聲器45、輸入器件48及麥克風46。外殼41大體由如熟習此項技術者所熟知之多種製造過程中之任一者形成,包括射出成形及真空形成。另外,外殼41可由多種材料中之任一者製成,該等材料包括(但不限於)塑膠、金屬、玻璃、橡膠及陶瓷,或其組合。在一實施例中,外殼41包括可與具不同色彩或含有不同標誌、圖片或符號之其他可移除部分互換的可移除部分(未圖示)。
例示性顯示器件40之顯示器30可為多種顯示器中之任一者,包括如本文中所描述之雙穩態顯示器。在其他實施例中,顯示器30包括如上文所描述之諸如電漿、EL、OLED、STN LCD或TFT LCD之平板顯示器,或者諸如CRT或其他管器件之非平板顯示器,如熟習此項技術者所熟知。然而,出於描述當前實施例之目的,顯示器30包括干涉調變器顯示器,如本文中所描述。
在圖6B中示意地說明例示性顯示器件40之一實施例的組件。所說明之例示性顯示器件40包括外殼41且可包括至少部分地封圍於該外殼中之額外組件。舉例而言,在一實施例中,例示性顯示器件40包括網路介面27,網路介面27包括耦接至收發器47之天線43。收發器47連接至處理器21,處理器21連接至調節硬體52。調節硬體52可經組態以調節信號(例如,濾波信號)。調節硬體52連接至揚聲器45及麥克風46。處理器21亦連接至輸入器件48及驅動器控制器29。驅動器控制器29耦接至圖框緩衝器28及至陣列驅動器22,陣列驅動器22又耦接至顯示器陣列30。電源50如特定例示性顯示器件40設計所要求而向所有組件提供電力。
網路介面27包括天線43及收發器47,以使得例示性顯示器件40可經由網路與一或多個器件通信。在一實施例中,網路介面27亦可具有用於減輕處理器21之要求之一些處理能力。天線43為熟習此項技術者所已知的用於傳輸及接收信號之任何天線。在一實施例中,天線根據IEEE 802.11標準(包括IEEE 802.11(a)、(b)或(g))來傳輸並接收RF信號。在另一實施例中,天線根據藍芽(BLUETOOTH)標準來傳輸及接收RF信號。在蜂巢式電話之狀況下,天線經設計以接收CDMA、GSM、AMPS或用以在無線行動電話網路內進行通信之其他已知信號。收發器47預先處理自天線43所接收之信號,以使得該等信號可由處理器21接收並由處理器21進一步操縱。收發器47亦處理自處理器21所接收之信號,使得可經由天線43自例示性顯示器件40傳輸信號。
在替代實施例中,可藉由接收器來替換收發器47。在又一替代實施例中,可藉由可儲存或產生待發送至處理器21之影像資料的影像源來替換網路介面27。舉例而言,影像源可為含有影像資料之數位視訊光碟(DVD)或硬碟機,或產生影像資料之軟體模組。
處理器21大體控制例示性顯示器件40之總操作。處理器21接收資
料(諸如,來自網路介面27或影像源之壓縮影像資料),且將該資料處理成原始影像資料或處理成易於處理成原始影像資料之格式。處理器21接著將所處理之資料發送至驅動器控制器29或至圖框緩衝器28以用於儲存。原始資料通常指代識別影像內之每一位置處之影像特性的資訊。舉例而言,該等影像特性可包括色彩、飽和度及灰度階。
在一實施例中,處理器21包括用於控制例示性顯示器件40之操作的微控制器、CPU或邏輯單元。調節硬體52大體包括用於將信號傳輸至揚聲器45且用於接收來自麥克風46之信號的放大器及濾波器。調節硬體52可為例示性顯示器件40內之離散組件,或可併入於處理器21或其他組件內。
驅動器控制器29採用直接來自處理器21或來自圖框緩衝器28的由處理器21產生之原始影像資料並適當地重新格式化原始影像資料以用於高速傳輸至陣列驅動器22。特定言之,驅動器控制器29將原始影像資料重新格式化成具有光柵狀格式之資料流,以使得其具有適合於跨越顯示器陣列30掃描之時間次序。接著,驅動器控制器29將經格式化之資訊發送至陣列驅動器22。儘管驅動器控制器29(諸如,LCD控制器)常常與作為單獨積體電路(IC)之系統處理器21相關聯,但可以許多方式來實施該等控制器。該等控制器可作為硬體嵌入於處理器21中,作為軟體嵌入於處理器21中,或以硬體與陣列驅動器22完全整合。
通常,陣列驅動器22自驅動器控制器29接收經格式化之資訊並將視訊資料重新格式化成一組平行波形,該組波形每秒多次施加至來自顯示器之x-y像素矩陣之數百且有時數千個引線。
在一實施例中,驅動器控制器29、陣列驅動器22及顯示器陣列30適合於本文中所描述之類型之顯示器中的任一者。舉例而言,在一實施例中,驅動器控制器29為習知顯示器控制器或雙穩態顯示器控制器(例如,干涉調變器控制器)。在另一實施例中,陣列驅動器22為習知
驅動器或雙穩態顯示器驅動器(例如,干涉調變器顯示器)。在一實施例中,驅動器控制器29與陣列驅動器22整合。該實施例在諸如蜂巢式電話、腕錶及其他小面積顯示器之高整合系統中係共同的。在又一實施例中,顯示器陣列30為典型顯示器陣列或雙穩態顯示器陣列(例如,包括干涉調變器陣列之顯示器)。
輸入器件48允許使用者控制例示性顯示器件40之操作。在一實施例中,輸入器件48包括諸如QWERTY鍵盤或電話小鍵盤之小鍵盤、按鈕、開關、觸敏螢幕,或壓敏或熱敏膜。在一實施例中,麥克風46為用於例示性顯示器件40之輸入器件。當使用麥克風46向器件輸入資料時,可由使用者來提供用於控制例示性顯示器件40之操作的語音命令。
電源50可包括如此項技術中所熟知之多種能量儲存器件。舉例而言,在一實施例中,電源50為諸如鎳鎘電池或鋰離子電池之可再充電電池。在另一實施例中,電源50為可再生能源、電容器,或包括塑膠太陽能電池及太陽能電池塗漆之太陽能電池。在另一實施例中,電源50經組態以自壁式插座接收電力。
在一些實施例中,如上所述,控制可程式化性駐留於可定位於電子顯示系統中之若干位置中的驅動器控制器中。在一些實施例中,控制可程式化性駐留於陣列驅動器22中。熟習此項技術者將認識到,上文所描述之最佳化可以任何數目之硬體及/或軟體組件及以各種組態來實施。
根據上文所闡述之原理而操作之干涉調變器的結構之細節可廣泛地變化。舉例而言,圖7A至圖7E說明活動反射層14及其支撐結構之五個不同實施例。圖7A為圖1之實施例之橫截面,其中金屬材料條帶14沈積於正交延伸之支撐件18上。在圖7B中,活動反射層14僅在系拴32上之轉角處附接至支撐件。在圖7C中,活動反射層14自可包含可撓金屬之可變形層34懸置。可變形層34直接地或間接地連接至可變形層
34之周邊周圍之基板20。此等連接在本文中稱作支撐支柱。圖7D中所說明之實施例具有支撐柱塞42,可變形層34擱置在支撐柱塞42上。活動反射層14保持懸置於間隙上方,如圖7A至圖7C中,但可變形層34不會藉由填充可變形層34與光學堆疊16之間的孔而形成支撐支柱。而是,支撐支柱係由用於形成支撐柱塞42之平坦化材料形成。圖7E中所說明之實施例係基於圖7D中所展示之實施例,但亦可經調適以與圖7A至圖7C中所說明之實施例以及未展示之額外實施例中的任一者一起工作。在圖7E中所展示之實施例中,使用額外的金屬或其他導電材料層來形成匯流排結構44。此允許信號沿著干涉調變器之背部投送,從而消除另外可能必須形成於基板20上之多個電極。
在諸如圖7中所展示之彼等實施例的實施例中,干涉調變器充當直視型器件,其中影像係自透明基板20之前側檢視,該側與上面配置有調變器之彼側相對。在此等實施例中,反射層14光學屏蔽干涉調變器在反射層之與基板20相對之側上的部分(包括可變形層34)。此允許在不負面地影響影像品質之情況下對經屏蔽之區域組態及操作。該屏蔽允許圖7E中之匯流排結構44,其提供將調變器之光學性質與調變器之機電性質分離之能力,諸如定址及由彼定址產生之移動。此可分離之調變器架構允許選擇用於調變器之機電態樣及光學態樣之結構設計及材料且使其彼此獨立地起作用。此外,圖7C至圖7E中所展示之實施例具有自反射層14之光學性質與其機械性質之去耦合導出的額外益處,其由可變形層34來執行。此允許關於光學性質來最佳化用於反射層14之結構設計及材料,且關於所要之機械性質來最佳化用於可變形層34之結構設計及材料。
如上文所描述,在特定實施例中,干涉調變器為反射的且依日光或良好照亮環境中之周圍燈光而定。另外,可為黑暗周圍環境中之干涉調變器之照明提供一人工照明源。用於干涉調變器顯示器之照明源
可(例如)包含前燈,該前燈使用光導來收集穿過光導之窄直角邊緣的光且使光朝著干涉調變器重定向。在特定實施例中,光導可包含安置於干涉調變器之前方的塑膠或玻璃平板、薄片、板或膜層。可將轉向膜層層壓或沈積於平板、薄片或膜層上,以使沿著光導傳播之光朝著顯示元件重定向。在各種設計中,該等光導包含大致1mm厚之塑膠層。然而,對於特定應用而言,光導可具有(例如)小於約1毫米之一半之減小的或最小厚度,以保持總的顯示器件薄。
一用於減小或最小化顯示器之總厚度的方式係在干涉調變器之結構組件(諸如,上面形成有干涉調變器之基板)上併有轉向膜層。此基板可包含玻璃。或者,基板可包含塑膠或另一大體上光學透射材料。藉由將轉向膜層塗覆於干涉調變器之結構組件(諸如,玻璃基板)上,可將來自人工光源之光耦合至干涉調變器之玻璃基板層中且藉由轉向膜層而使光朝著干涉調變器轉向。在該等實施例中,不使用獨立的玻璃或塑膠平板、薄片或膜層,且由此可顯著地減小總顯示器件之厚度。
在特定實施例中,亦可在干涉調變器之基板上安置一或多個額外光學層(諸如,散光器或光學隔離層)以另外改良顯示器之光學效能。舉例而言,可提供散光器層以使自干涉調變器反射之光散射,從而為另外可能過於鏡面狀之顯示器提供更散光之外觀。其他或另外,可將光學隔離層提供於顯示器之光導部分與干涉調變器之間以防止干涉調變器吸收傳播穿過光導部分之光。如本文中所描述,可選擇轉向膜層、散光器及基板上之額外光學膜層相對於干涉調變器之幾何配置以增強顯示器之光導部分的效率,以進一步增強總顯示器之光學效能,或提供其他優點。
可使用熟習此項技術者已知的用於將本文中所描述之光學層中之一或多者黏附於顯示元件陣列之玻璃或塑膠基板上的多種製造過程中之任一者來形成顯示器件。玻璃或塑膠基板包含一支撐層,諸如干
涉調變器陣列之顯示元件係在該支撐層上經製造。如本文中所揭示,基板可進一步用於支撐顯示器件之一或多個光學層。
在一實施例中,可將轉向膜層沈積或層壓至基板。舉例而言,可使用壓敏黏附劑將轉向膜層層壓至基板之頂面。或者,可使用此項技術中已知之技術或仍待開發之其他技術來將轉向膜層沈積於基板上。可將轉向膜層安置於基板之與顯示元件陣列相對之表面上。在特定實施例中,可在轉向膜層與基板之間安置一或多個層。
亦可將散光器黏附至玻璃基板。在一些實施例中,將散光器安置於轉向膜層之前方,以使得轉向膜層在散光器與基板之間。舉例而言,可將散光器安置於轉向膜層上。在一些實施例中,可在散光器與轉向膜層之間安置一或多個層。可使用此項技術中已知的或仍待開發之任何合適技術來將散光器塗佈、沈積、層壓或蝕刻於轉向膜層或散光器與轉向膜層之間的另一層上。舉例而言,可旋鑄(spin cast)散光器,或替代地,散光器可包含直接在轉向膜層之表面上生長之薄膜層或安置於轉向膜層之上方之另一層。在一些實施例中,散光器包含裏面具有用於散射之微粒的黏附劑(例如,具有散光特徵之壓敏黏附劑),其用於將一或多個層或結構層壓至轉向膜層。在其他實施例中,散光器可為表面散光器薄片或層壓至轉向膜層或轉向膜層上方之層的體積散光器薄片。散光器亦可包含形成於載體上之薄膜層。
在特定實施例中,可將光學隔離層安置於玻璃基板與顯示元件陣列之間。舉例而言,可將光學隔離層層壓至或沈積於玻璃基板與顯示元件陣列之間的基板之表面上。在其他實施例中,可將光學隔離層層壓至或沈積於基板上方之層上,以使得光學隔離層在玻璃基板與顯示元件陣列之間。
此外,廣泛多種變化係可能的。可添加、移除或重新配置膜層、層、組件及/或元件。另外,可添加、移除或重新排序處理步驟。又,
儘管本文中已使用術語"膜層"及"層",但如本文中所使用之該等術語包括膜層堆疊及多層。可使用黏附劑將該等膜層堆疊或多層黏附至其他結構,或可使用沈積技術或以其他方式將該等膜層堆疊及多層形成於其他結構上。因此,顯而易見,可使用已知之製造技術或仍待開發之技術將多個光學層之若干幾何配置中之任一者製造於顯示元件之基板上,以提供具有特定所要之光學特性之薄顯示器件。
圖8說明照明裝置80之一部分的一實施例,在照明裝置80中,轉向膜層82沈積於用於干涉調變器86之陣列之玻璃基板85的頂面上。在圖8中所展示之實施例中,轉向膜層82包括安置於載體82b上之轉向特徵82a。儘管在圖8中所展示之實施例中,轉向特徵82a係在載體82b之後方,但在其他實施例中,轉向特徵係在載體之前方。在又其他實施例中,排除載體82b。在一些實施例中,可使用諸如壓敏黏附劑之黏附劑來將轉向膜層82黏附至玻璃基板85。
玻璃基板85與轉向膜層82形成照明裝置80之光導區域81,光可穿過光導區域81而導引。然而,歸因於光導81的顯示器件之總厚度僅增加轉向膜層82之添加,因為玻璃基板85為干涉調變器86之結構組件。已藉由將轉向膜層82直接黏附至干涉調變器86之玻璃基板85且使用基板來導引光而消除對於用於光導81之獨立玻璃或塑膠平板或薄片之需要。因此,照明裝置80之總厚度僅增加轉向膜層82之厚度,其大體在約50微米至300微米之間。在一些實施例中,轉向膜層82與基板85之間的壓敏黏附劑可能為約25至50微米。
圖8中所展示之實施例進一步包含安置於光導81及干涉調變器86之陣列之上方的散光器84。散光器84包含安置於載體84b上之複數個散光或散射特徵84a。儘管展示該複數個散射特徵84a安置於載體84b之後方之散光器的一部分中,但在其他實施例中,該複數個散射特徵84a可安置於載體84b之前方之散光器的一部分中。或者,可排除載體。散
光器84定位於轉向層82之前方且黏附至轉向層82,以使得轉向層在散光器與基板85及干涉調變器86之間。
包含(例如)一或多個發光二極體(LED)之光源83相對於光導81而安置以在其中注入光。在圖8中所展示之實施例中,舉例而言,將來自光源83之光5注入至照明裝置80之光導部分81的邊緣。在一些實施例中,光源83包含將來自點源發射器(例如,發光二極體)之光轉換成直線源之光注入系統。此光注入系統可(例如)包含光棒(light bar)。亦可使用其他類型之光源。
因此,將光5注入至轉向膜層82及/或玻璃基板85之邊緣中。光5至少部分地經由歸因於轉向膜層82與散光器84之間的折射率之差的全內反射而沿著光導區域81傳播。
舉例而言,轉向膜層82及/或載體82b通常包含一材料,諸如聚碳酸酯、諸如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)之丙烯酸系、或諸如聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)聚合物之丙烯酸酯共聚物(PS-PMMA,以Zylar之名出售),或其他光學透明塑膠。對於可見光譜中之波長,聚碳酸酯之折射率大致為1.59且Zylar之折射率大致為1.54。
散光器84可包含具有較低折射率之材料。此材料可(例如)包含具有為1.47之折射率的壓敏黏附劑。此材料在本文中稱作包覆層88a,因為此材料促進光在光導區域81內經由全內反射之導引。詳言之,因為轉向膜層82之折射率大於包覆層88a之折射率,所以以大於臨界角之角入射在轉向膜層/包覆層界面上之光將反射回至光導區域81中且將繼續沿著光導區域81傳播。
光5亦可自另外支持光沿著光導81傳播之顯示元件86反射。然而,諸如干涉調變器之顯示元件86可能正吸收且由此可吸收入射在其上之光中的一些,如下文更完全論述。
因此,顯示器件可進一步包含安置於玻璃基板85與干涉調變器86
之陣列之間的光學隔離層88b。通常,對於以自顯示元件之法線量測的45至90度之角導引的光線,干涉調變器86為吸收性結構。因此,傳播穿過光導部分81且以斜角入射於干涉調變器86上之光中的一些可在足夠數目次反射之後由干涉調變器86大體上吸收。為了減小、最小化或防止此歸因於吸收的光損失,可將光學隔離層88b安置於玻璃基板85與干涉調變器86之間。如下文更詳細論述,光學隔離層88b有利地具有大體上比玻璃基板85之折射率低的折射率,以使得行進穿過光導部分81且以斜角或掠射角(例如,大於臨界角(例如,大於40°或50°))撞擊玻璃/光學隔離膜層界面之光將全內反射回至照明裝置80之光導部分81中。在各種實施例中,光學隔離層包含二氧化矽或氟化二氧化矽。亦可使用其他材料。
在特定實施例中,包含光導部分81(此處之轉向膜層82及玻璃基板85)之多個光學層之折射率有利地接近,以使得光可透射穿過多個光學層而大體上不被反射或折射。基板85可(例如)具有為1.52之折射率。如上文所描述,在特定實施例中,基板85可包含玻璃或聚合材料。
在一些實施例中,基板85之折射率比轉向膜層82之折射率低。在該設計之情況下,以大入射角(例如,70°至90°)入射在基板85與轉向特徵82a之間的界面上之光的某部分將被反射回,以使得光導引至轉向膜層82之與光源83相對之端。該組態可改良經定向至顯示元件86上之光之分布的均一性(例如,當轉向膜層82之效率高時)。
在特定實施例中,照明裝置80之光導部分81或其他部分進一步包含諸如壓敏黏附劑(PSA)之黏附劑層。PSA層可用於黏附散光器層84、轉向膜層82及玻璃基板85。在各種實施例中,PSA層在約1.47至1.53之間的折射率之情況下透明,以使得折射率匹配玻璃基板85之折射率(對於可見光譜中之波長,折射率大體約為1.52)。舉例而言,在特定實施例中,PSA層之折射率約為1.53。在防止起源於周圍或起源於基板85
與轉向膜層82之間的界面處的光導之光源的不合需要之反射的過程中,使PSA層之折射率與玻璃基板85及轉向膜層82之折射率匹配係有利的。亦可在其他位置使用該黏附劑。亦可使用用於將該等層黏附在一起之替代方法。
轉向膜層82中之複數個轉向特徵82a使垂直導引於光導81中之光轉向,以使得光朝著顯示元件86重定向且使得經轉向之光之傳播方向與顯示元件之表面的法線形成小於45度之角。因此,穿過光導部分81之厚度使光重定向為大體上垂直於光導及顯示元件86之陣列且可能以正入射角或大體上接近正入射角透射至干涉調變器86。在特定實施例中,轉向特徵82a可包含複數個表面特徵或體積特徵。在一些實施例中,轉向膜層82包含繞射光學元件且轉向特徵包含延伸跨越轉向膜層82之寬度的繞射特徵。繞射光學元件可包含延伸跨越轉向膜層82之寬度的體積或表面特徵。在特定實施例中,轉向膜層82包含全像圖且轉向特徵82a包含全像式特徵。全像圖可包含延伸跨越轉向膜層82之寬度的全像式體積或表面特徵。全像式膜層可安置於塑膠載體上。
或者,轉向特徵82a可包含沿著轉向膜層82之寬度延伸的複數個微稜鏡。微稜鏡可經組態以接收沿著轉向膜層82之寬度傳播的光5並使光5轉向穿過通常在約70°至90°之間的大角。稜鏡微觀結構可包含相對於彼此成角度之兩個或兩個以上轉向琢面,其用於經由全內反射來反射光且使得光以正入射角或接近正入射角朝著顯示元件86之陣列轉向。可將稜鏡微觀結構包括在安置於載體上之膜層中。注意,轉向特徵之大小、形狀及間隔可變化。廣泛多種其他類型之轉向膜層(繞射的、全像式的、稜鏡的,或其他)係可能的。因此,可使用不同大小、形狀、組態及配置。
在被轉向特徵82a轉向之後,光5穿過光導區域81之厚度朝著干涉調變器86透射,其中光5可經調變且穿過光導部分81朝著安置於顯示元
件之前方的檢視器反射回以在顯示器件上提供影像。此經反射之光藉由圖8中之箭頭89示意地表示。
在各種實施例中,以陡峭角(較接近顯示元件之法線)傳播穿過光導部分81之光(諸如,由轉向膜層82轉向成大體上垂直於光導部分81之光,或周圍光)將透射穿過具有低反射之層之間的界面。此垂直入射之光或接近垂直入射之光較佳釋放小於其功率或通量之約0.5%,且更佳釋放小於其功率或通量之約0.1%。
如上文所描述,在替代實施例中,轉向膜層82及散光器84不需要包括載體82b、84b。舉例而言,散光器84可包含具有散光或光散射特徵(諸如,散布於其中以提供散光特性之微粒)之透明黏附劑或其他材料。此設計可藉由移除對於載體84b之需要而進一步減小總顯示器照明裝置80之厚度,其在一些實施例中可使得散光器層84之厚度在約25至100微米之間。
圖9展示顯示器件之照明裝置80的另一實施例。在此實施例中,抗反射層90已安置於散光器84之前方。在此特定實施例中,抗反射層90安置於支撐散光層84a之載體84b上。可不同地組態其他實施例。舉例而言,一或多個層可安置於散光器84與抗反射層90之間。又,可不同地建構散光器84。在一些實施例中,舉例而言,如上文所描述,可排除載體84b。
在各種實施例中,抗反射層90減小來自照明裝置80之周圍光之反射。該經反射之周圍光可減小器件之對比度,因為檢視者看見為非調變之光的經反射之周圍光連同自光調變器86之陣列反射的經調變之光。
抗反射層90可包含減小反射之一或多個層。抗反射層90可(例如)為增加照明裝置80(例如,散光器84)與周圍(或抗反射層之前方之層)之間的折射率匹配的透明介電質。在一些實施例中,抗反射層90包含
多層堆疊,諸如如同四分之一波堆疊的干涉堆疊。多種抗反射層係可能的。
圖9亦說明照明裝置80之設計中的其他可能變化。展示包覆層88a安置在轉向膜層82與散光器84之間。舉例而言,此包覆層88a可(例如)包含具有比轉向膜層82之折射率及可能的基板85之折射率低的折射率的材料。包覆層88a因此可輔助在光傳播區域81內經由全內反射導引光。在較低折射率之包覆層88a之情況下,散光器84a之折射率不限於比轉向膜層82之折射率低。在其他實施例中,散光器84可形成包覆層88a之部分(如上文關於圖8所論述)。其他變化亦係可能的。
在圖9中所描繪之實施例中,轉向膜層82附接至包覆層88a。在圖9中不包括諸如圖8中所展示的用於支撐轉向特徵82a之獨立載體82b以說明可能的設計中之變化。基板85或包覆層88a可提供用於轉向膜層82之結構支撐或轉向膜層自身可足夠剛硬。在一些實施例中,轉向膜層82包含稜鏡膜層。在其他實施例中,轉向膜層82包含繞射或全像式層。其他變化係可能的。
圖10展示顯示器件之照明裝置80的另一實施例。在此實施例中,蓋透鏡(cover lens)或觸碰面板100已安置於散光器84之前方。在其他實施例中,蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100可替代地包含平坦的蓋板。在此特定實施例中,蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100安置於散光器84上。可不同地組態其他實施例。舉例而言,一或多個層可安置於散光器84與蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100之間。
蓋透鏡100可包含正功率或負功率光學元件。蓋透鏡100可包含折射透鏡或繞射(例如,全像式)透鏡。在一些實施例中,複數個小透鏡(lenslet)可安置於散光器84之前方。
觸碰面板100可包含准許使用者觸碰照明裝置80或顯示器件之部分以輸入資料、選擇選項或控制顯示器件之廣泛多種觸碰面板。亦可
使用仍待開發之觸碰面板100。
圖10亦說明照明裝置80之設計中的其他可能變化。舉例而言,在圖10中所描繪之實施例中,散光器84附接至蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100及用於轉向膜層82之載體82b。圖10中不包括諸如圖8及圖9中所展示之獨立載體84b以說明可能的設計中之變化。蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100及用於轉向膜層82之載體82b可提供用於散光器84之結構支撐或散光器自身可足夠剛硬。在一些實施例中,散光器84包含(例如)將蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100黏附至轉向膜層82之黏附劑。黏附劑中可包括用於散光之諸如微粒之散光特徵或散射特徵。在一些實施例中,散光器84亦可包含凝膠。凝膠中可包括用於散光之諸如微粒之散光特徵或散射特徵。凝膠可提供蓋透鏡或觸碰面板100與轉向膜層82及轉向特徵82a之間的光學耦合。其他變化係可能的。在各種實施例中,散射特徵安置於一材料中,該材料之至少一部分為用於光導81之包覆層。在該等實施例中,基質材料之至少一部分可安置於散射特徵與光導81之間。因此,散射特徵可安置於包覆層中且包覆層之至少一部分安置於散射特徵與轉向膜層之間。
圖10說明廣泛多種組件可添加至照明裝置80及/或顯示器件。除抗反射層90、觸碰螢幕及/或透鏡100之外,亦可包括其他組件。
廣泛多種其他替代組態亦係可能的。舉例而言,可添加、移除或重新配置組件(例如,層)。類似地,可添加、移除或重新排序處理及方法步驟。又,儘管本文中已使用術語"膜層"及"層",但如本文中所使用之該等術語包括膜層堆疊及多層。可使用黏附劑將該等薄膜堆疊或多層黏附至其他結構,或可使用沈積或以其他方式將該等薄膜堆疊及多層形成於其他結構上。
因此,儘管已在特定實施例及實例之情況下揭示了本發明,但熟習此項技術者將理解,本發明延伸超越特定揭示之實施例而至其他替
代實施例及/或至對本發明及其明顯修改及等效物之使用。另外,儘管已展示及詳細描述本發明之若干變化,但熟習此項技術者將基於此揭示案而容易顯而易見在本發明之範疇內的其他修改。亦預期可形成實施例之特定特徵及態樣的各種組合或子組合且其仍屬於本發明之範疇。應理解,可將所揭示之實施例的各種特徵及態樣彼此組合或彼此取代,以便形成所揭示之本發明的變化模式。因此,希望本文中所揭示之本發明的範疇不應受上文所描述的特定揭示之實施例限制,而應僅藉由以下申請專利範圍之清楚閱讀來判定。
5‧‧‧光
80‧‧‧照明裝置
81‧‧‧光導區域/光導/光導部分/光傳播區域
82‧‧‧轉向膜層/轉向層
82a‧‧‧轉向特徵
82b‧‧‧載體
83‧‧‧光源
84‧‧‧散光器/散光器層
84a‧‧‧散光或散射特徵/散光層/散光器
84b‧‧‧載體
85‧‧‧玻璃基板
86‧‧‧干涉調變器/顯示元件/光調變器
88a‧‧‧包覆層
88b‧‧‧光學隔離層
89‧‧‧箭頭
Claims (28)
- 一種顯示系統,其包含:複數個顯示元件;該複數個顯示元件之前方之一光導,該光導經組態以藉由全內反射以導引其中之光,其中該光導包括:一光學透射板;及該板之前方之一轉向膜層,該轉向膜層包括一全像式層,該全像式層經組態以使該光導中所導引之光朝著該複數個顯示元件轉向;及該轉向膜層之前方之一散光層。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該板包含玻璃。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該板包含塑膠。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該等顯示元件係形成於該板上。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該複數個顯示元件包括機電系統結構。
- 如請求項5之顯示系統,其中該機電系統結構包括第一反射表面及第二反射表面,該第一反射表面及該第二反射表面中之至少一者可相對於另一者移動。
- 如請求項6之顯示系統,其中該複數個顯示元件包括干涉調變器。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該全像式層安置於一塑膠載體上。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該散光層具有比該全像式層之折射率較低之一折射率。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該散光層直接鄰近該轉向膜層或藉由一黏附劑而直接黏附至該轉向膜層。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該轉向膜層安置於一塑膠載體上且 該塑膠載體直接鄰近該散光層。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該散光層安置於一塑膠載體上且該塑膠載體直接鄰近該轉向膜層或藉由一黏附劑而直接黏附至該轉向膜層。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其中該散光層包括一凝膠。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其進一步包含一抗反射塗層,該抗反射塗層在該散光層之前方。
- 如請求項1之顯示系統,其進一步包含:一處理器,其與該複數個顯示元件中之至少一者電通信,該處理器經組態以處理影像資料;及一記憶體器件,其與該處理器電通信。
- 如請求項15之顯示系統,其進一步包含:一驅動器電路,其經組態以將至少一信號發送至該複數個顯示元件中之該至少一者。
- 如請求項16之顯示系統,其進一步包含:一控制器,其經組態以將該影像資料之至少一部分發送至該驅動器電路。
- 如請求項15之顯示系統,其進一步包含:一影像源模組,其經組態以將該影像資料發送至該處理器。
- 如請求項18之顯示系統,其中該影像源模組包括一接收器、收發器及傳輸器中之至少一者。
- 如請求項15之顯示系統,其進一步包含:一輸入器件,其經組態以接收輸入資料及將該輸入資料傳達至該處理器。
- 一種顯示系統,其包含:複數個顯示元件; 一光導,其用於藉由全內反射而跨越該複數個顯示元件導引光;一全像式構件,其用於使在該光導內傳播的光轉向以使得光傳播出該光導且朝著該複數個顯示元件傳播;及散光構件,其安置於該全像式構件之前方。
- 如請求項21之顯示系統,其中該散光構件包括一散光層。
- 如請求項21之顯示系統,其中該全像式構件包括一全像式層。
- 如請求項21之顯示系統,其中該全像式構件形成該光導之部分。
- 如請求項21之顯示系統,其中該複數個顯示元件包括干涉調變器。
- 一種製造一顯示系統之方法,其包含:提供複數個顯示元件;提供經組態以傳播其中的光之一光導,該光導包括一轉向膜層,其中該轉向膜層包括全像式光轉向特徵,其經組態以使該光導中所導引之光朝著該複數個顯示元件轉向;及在該轉向膜層前方附接一散光層。
- 如請求項26之方法,其中提供該複數個顯示元件包括在該光導之後方形成干涉調變器之一陣列。
- 如請求項26之方法,其中提供該轉向膜層包括將該轉向膜層附接至直接相鄰於一光學透射板。
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EP2068180A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
US8798425B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
WO2009076075A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2068180B1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
TW200930655A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
CN101889224A (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
KR20100110808A (ko) | 2010-10-13 |
JP5209734B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
US20090147332A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
JP2011508898A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
US20120069031A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
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