JP6822812B2 - 遷移金属/ゼオライトscr触媒 - Google Patents
遷移金属/ゼオライトscr触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6822812B2 JP6822812B2 JP2016187204A JP2016187204A JP6822812B2 JP 6822812 B2 JP6822812 B2 JP 6822812B2 JP 2016187204 A JP2016187204 A JP 2016187204A JP 2016187204 A JP2016187204 A JP 2016187204A JP 6822812 B2 JP6822812 B2 JP 6822812B2
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- Prior art keywords
- zeolite
- catalyst
- zeolites
- sapo
- transition metal
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 215
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 173
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 158
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 142
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 59
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 59
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 86
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 43
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 34
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 19
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 include ZSM-5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052675 erionite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- PFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane Chemical compound CCC(C)CC PFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011062 flow through chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DODZYUBVSA-N 7-[(1R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)C=C[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DODZYUBVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/565—Nitrogen oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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Description
(i)蒸気処理及び酸または錯化剤、例えば(EDTA-エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸)を使用する酸抽出、酸及び/または錯化剤による処理、SiCl4の気体流による処理(ゼオライト骨格中のAlをSiで置き換える)による脱アルミニウム化、
(ii)陽イオン交換−例えばLa等の多価陽イオンの使用、及び
(iii)リン含有化合物の使用(例えば米国特許第5,958,818号参照)
が挙げられる。
市販のベータゼオライト、SAPO−34またはSSZ-13、をNH4NO3溶液中でNH4+イオン交換し、次いで濾過した。得られた材料をFe(NO3) 3の水溶液に攪拌しながら加えた。このスラリーを濾過し、次いで洗浄し、乾燥させた。この手順を繰り返し、所望の金属装填量を達成することができる。最終的な生成物をか焼した。
市販のSAPO−34、SSZ-13、シグマ-1、ZSM-34、Nu-3、ZSM-5及びベータゼオライトをNH4NO3溶液中でNH4+イオン交換し、次いで濾過した。得られた材料をCu(NO3) 2の水溶液に攪拌しながら加えた。このスラリーを濾過し、次いで洗浄し、乾燥させた。この手順を繰り返し、所望の金属装填量を達成することができる。最終的な生成物をか焼した。
例1及び2で得た触媒を、750℃で24時間、4.5%H2O/空気混合物中でリーン水熱的エージングした。
例1及び2で得た触媒を、900℃で1時間、4.5%H2O/空気混合物中で過酷なリーン水熱的エージングした。
例1及び2で得た触媒を、900℃で3時間、4.5%H2O/空気混合物中で過酷なリーン水熱的エージングした。
例1により製造したFe/ベータベータ及び例2により製造したCu/ベータベータ、Cu/ZSM-5及びCu/SAPO-34の個別試料を、例3及び4によりエージングし、実験室装置で、下記のガス混合物、すなわち350 ppmNO、350 ppmNH3、14%O2、4.5%H2O、4.5%CO2、残部N2を使用して試験した。結果を図1〜図4に示す。
実験室装置に装填した触媒で、1000 ppm(C1当量として)プロペン、n−オクタンまたはトルエンを、300℃におけるSCR(350 ppmNO、350 ppmNH3、12%O2、4.5%H2O、4.5%CO2、残部N2)の際に注入した。炭化水素脱着は、12%O2、4.5%H2O、4.5%CO2、残部N2中で温度を10℃/分で上昇させることにより、測定した。
図1は、穏やかなエージング後の、Cu/SAPO−34のNOx還元効率を、一連のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトが担持された遷移金属触媒(Cu/ZSM-5、Cu/ベータ及びFe/ベータ)に対して比較する。この結果は、Cu/SAPO−34が、NH3によるNOxのSCRに対して改良された低温活性を有することを明らかに立証している。
図5で、小細孔ゼオライトSAPO−34及びNu-3上に担持された新しい(すなわちエージングしていない)CuのNH3SCR活性を、大細孔ゼオライト上に担持されたCuの活性と比較した。過酷なリーン水熱条件下でエージングした同じ触媒の対応する活性を図6に示す。新しい、及びエージングした活性プロファイルの比較により、水熱安定性は、Cuが小細孔ゼオライト上に担持された場合のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトでのみ達成されることが立証される。
例2により製造したCu/SSZ-13、Cu/SAPO−34、Cu/シグマ-1及びCu/ベータを、例4に記載する様式でエージングし、例6により試験した。これらの結果を図13に示すが、そこから、過酷なリーン水熱エージングしたCu/SSZ-13、Cu/SAPO−34及びCu/シグマ-1試料のそれぞれのNOx転化活性が、対応する大細孔ゼオライト、Cu/ベータの活性より著しく優れていることが分かる。さらに、図14から、Cu/ベータは、Cu/小細孔ゼオライト触媒よりも、非常に大量のN2Oを発生させることが分かる。
例2により製造したCu/ZSM-34、Cu/SAPO−34、Cu/SSZ-13及びCu/ベータを、例3に記載する様式でエージングし、例6により試験した。これらの結果を図15に示すが、そこから、リーン水熱エージングしたCu/SSZ-13、Cu/SAPO−34及びCu/ZSM-34試料のそれぞれのNOx転化活性は、対応する大細孔ゼオライト、Cu/ベータの活性より著しく優れていることが分かる。
Cu/SSZ-13及びCu/SAPO−34の新しい試料を例2により製造し、それらの試料を、例5に記載する様式でエージングした。新しい(すなわちエージングしていない)、及びエージングした試料を、例6により試験し、これらの結果を図16に示すが、そこから、Cu/SSZ-13のNOx転化活性が、長時間の過酷なリーン水熱エージングの後にも維持されることが分かる。
SARが約4であるCu/SAPO−34及びCu/天然産チャバザイト型材料を例2により製造し、これらの新しい材料を例6により試験した。これらの結果を図17に示すが、そこから、天然産Cu/チャバザイトのNOx転化活性が、Cu/SAPO−34よりも非常に低いことが分かる。図18は、例2により製造した2種類の新しいCu/天然産チャバザイト型材料のNOx転化活性を2つの温度データ点(200℃及び300℃)で比較する棒グラフであり、第一チャバザイト材料は、SARが約4であり、第二チャバザイト材料は、SARが約7である。SAR7チャバザイトのNOx転化活性は、SAR4チャバザイト材料の活性より優れており、SAR7チャバザイト材料の活性は、新しいCu/SAPO−34よりも非常に低いことが分かる。
Cu/SAPO−34及びCu/ベータを例2により製造した。Fe/ SAPO−34及びFe/SSZ-13を例1により製造した。これらの試料を例4によりエージングし、エージングした試料を例6により試験した。350℃及び450℃データ点におけるNOx活性を図19に示すが、そこから、Cu/SAPO−34、Fe/ SAPO−34及びFe/SSZ-13試料は、Cu/ベータ基準と同等か、またはそれより優れた性能を示すことが分かる。
例1により製造したFe/SSZ-13及びFe/ベータを、新しい状態で、例7に記載するようにを試験したが、その際、n-オクタン(排ガス中の未燃焼ディーゼル燃料の影響を模擬するために)を8分間で試験中に導入した。図20に示す結果は、NOx転 化活性を、n-オクタンを8分間で試験中に導入する前(HC−)と、n-オクタンを8分間で試験中に導入した後(HC+)で比較する。n-オクタン導入に 続いてFe/ベータ活性が、Fe/SSZ-13と比較して、劇的に低下することが分かる。我々は、この効果が、触媒のコークス形成によるものと考えてい る。
例1により製造したFe/SSZ-13を、新しい状態で、すなわちエージングせずに、例6に記載する様式で試験した。次いで、350 ppmNOを175 ppmNOと175 ppmNO2の混合物、すなわち合計350 ppmのNOxで置き換えた以外は、試験を同等の条件を使用して繰り返した。両方の試験から得た結果を図22に示すが、そこから、原料ガス中のNOxのNO2含有量を1:1に増加することから得られる重大な改良が分かる。実際には、NH3-SCR触媒の上流に配置した好適な酸化触媒を使用し、例えばディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中のNOを酸化することにより、NO:NO2比を調節することができる。
Claims (6)
- ガス中の窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元(SCR)のための触媒であって、
AFX及びAFTから選択される少なくとも一の骨格を有するアルミノシリケート合成ゼオライトを含み、ゼオライト触媒の総重量に対して0.1から10重量%の銅及び/又は鉄を含む、触媒。 - ゼオライト触媒の総重量に対して0.5から5重量%の銅及び/又は鉄を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- ゼオライト触媒の総重量に対して0.1から10重量%の銅及び/又は鉄を含むゼオライト触媒の存在下で、窒素酸化物を窒素系還元剤と接触させることにより、ガス中の窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元(SCR)のための方法であって、
ゼオライト触媒が基材に被覆され、ゼオライト触媒がAFX又はAFT骨格を有するアルミノシリケート合成ゼオライトである、方法。 - 窒素酸化物を処理するための触媒物品であって、
AEI骨格のアルミノシリケート合成ゼオライトを有するNH3-SCR 触媒を含み、ゼオライト触媒の総重量に対して0.1から10重量%の銅及び鉄を含み、ゼオライト触媒が基材に被覆されている、触媒物品。 - 更にアンモニア酸化触媒を含む、請求項4に記載の触媒物品。
- 基材が粒子フィルターである、請求項4に記載の触媒物品。
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JP2021049524A (ja) * | 2012-10-19 | 2021-04-01 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | 高温scr触媒としての8員環小孔分子ふるい |
JP7158453B2 (ja) | 2012-10-19 | 2022-10-21 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | 高温scr触媒としての8員環小孔分子ふるい |
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