CN115093008A - 包括消毒装置的流体输送系统 - Google Patents

包括消毒装置的流体输送系统 Download PDF

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CN115093008A
CN115093008A CN202210660778.XA CN202210660778A CN115093008A CN 115093008 A CN115093008 A CN 115093008A CN 202210660778 A CN202210660778 A CN 202210660778A CN 115093008 A CN115093008 A CN 115093008A
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water
faucet
user
flow
controller
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R·W·罗登贝克
J·诺布尔
A·G·斯庞格尔
J·D·萨瓦斯基
J·古迪亚-拉姆萨米
P·B·琼特
加里·R·马蒂
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Delta Faucet Co
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Abstract

一种流体输送系统，说明性地包括：流道、与该流道流体连通的至少一个阀、以及流体地联接到该流道的消毒装置，该消毒装置说明性地为抗菌装置。该水龙头被配置成响应于对该水龙头的用户输入而选择性地使水流动穿过该消毒装置。在另一个说明性实施例中，该流体输送系统包括：外壳、由该外壳支撑的多个流体装置、以及流体地联接到这些流体装置的臭氧发生器。

Description

包括消毒装置的流体输送系统
本发明为申请日为2016年12月21日，申请号为“201680075336.1”，发明名称为“包括消毒装置的流体输送系统”的发明专利的分案申请。
背景技术和发明内容
本发明总体上涉及一种电子水龙头、并且更具体地涉及一种包括水处理装置的电子水龙头。
流体输入装置(诸如，水龙头)可以包括流体处理装置。例如，处理装置可以包括过滤器、臭氧装置、和/或配置成在水从水龙头流出之前对其进行处理的水软化器。用户输入可以被提供用于流体处理装置的受控使用。
在本披露的一个说明性实施例中，该处理装置可以包括消毒装置，诸如，用于对可能存在于流体中的细菌和/或病毒灭活的抗菌装置。该水龙头可以被用在公司、工业、医疗、和/或住宅建筑物中以便在该建筑物中的人群之中推广手部卫生。以这种方式，该水龙头可以被配置成基于个人对水龙头的使用向使用者或监测系统提供关于每个人遵守手部卫生协议的反馈。该水龙头还可以被配置成收集并向使用者和/或监测系统报告这种使用和/或合规性信息。在一个说明性实施例中，该水龙头包括电容式感测技术，用于基于使用者出现在该水龙头附近来确定使用者的手是否在该水龙头的水流内并且是否能够自动地打开和关闭流体和流体处理装置。
根据本披露的说明性实施例，水龙头包括：具有限定了出口的水路的流道、与该流道的水路流体连通的至少一个阀、与该至少一个阀通信的控制器、以及流体地联接到该流道的水路的消毒装置。该水龙头被配置成响应于对该控制器的输入而选择性地使流体流动穿过该消毒装置。说明性地，该消毒装置可以包括抗菌装置，诸如电解臭氧发生器。
根据本披露的另一个说明性实施例，水处理分配系统包括：限定了室的外壳；第一流体装置，该第一流体装置由该外壳支撑并且流体地联接到自来水源以便将自来水输送至接纳在该室内的使用者的手上；以及第二流体装置，该第二流体装置由该外壳支撑并且流体地联接到臭氧发生器以便将臭氧水输送至接纳在该室内的使用者的手上。该第二流体装置说明性地包括射流芯片，该射流芯片被配置成通过围绕中心轴线使水振荡来在平面内产生水扇。
在另一个说明性实施例中，水处理分配系统包括：限定了室的外壳、以及由该外壳支撑的多个流体装置。臭氧发生器流体地联接到这些流体装置以便将臭氧水输送至接纳在该室内的使用者的手上。电动可操作阀与该臭氧发生器流体连通以便控制穿过其中的流体流。控制器与该电动可操作阀电通信。用户检测器与该控制器电通信，其中，该控制器响应于该用户检测器检测到在该室内的使用者的手来控制该电动可操作阀。气体排减系统与该控制器电通信，并且包括配置成从该室内抽吸臭氧排气的风扇。
在考虑了以下对如目前所理解的用于执行本发明的最佳模式进行举例说明的说明性实施例的详细描述之后，本发明的多个额外特征和优点对本领域的技术人员来说将变得清楚。
附图说明
附图的详细说明具体针对所附的图，在附图中：
图1是本披露的说明性水龙头的框图；
图2是图1的说明性水龙头的多个不同部件的另一个框图；
图3是支撑本披露的说明性水龙头的用户界面的流道的透视图；
图4是图3的说明性水龙头的前视透视图，示出了第一操作模式下的水龙头；
图5是图3的说明性水龙头的前视透视图，示出了第二操作模式下的水龙头；
图6是图3的说明性水龙头的用户显示器的示意图；
图7是本披露的说明性流体分配系统的透视图，该流体分配系统包括具有开口的外壳以及臭氧废气收集器，该开口用于接纳使用者的手；
图8是图7的流体分配系统沿线8-8截取的横截面视图；
图9是图7的流体分配系统沿线9-9截取的横截面视图；
图10是由本披露的二维射流装置分配的水的部分示意图的透视图；
图11是由本披露的三维射流装置分配的水的部分示意图的透视图；
图12是本披露的另一个说明性流体分配系统的透视图，该流体分配系统包括具有开口的外壳以及臭氧废气收集器，该开口用于接纳使用者的手；
图13是图12的流体分配系统沿线13-13截取的横截面视图；
图14是本披露的又一个说明性流体分配系统的横截面视图；并且
图15是本披露的另一个说明性流体分配系统的透视图，该流体分配系统包括自来水水龙头流道以及具有用于接纳使用者的手的开口的外壳。
具体实施方式
本文所描述的实施例并非旨在穷举或将本发明限制于所披露的精确形式。相反，为描述而选定的实施例被选定成使本领域技术人员能够实施本发明。尽管结合了水来描述本披露，但应理解的是可以使用其他类型的流体。
水处理水龙头
首先参考图1，呈水龙头10形式的说明性实施例水处理流体输送装置被示出为包括输送流道12、阀组件14、水路组件16、过滤器17、流体处理组件18、控制器20、第一传感器模块22、用户界面24、以及第二传感器模块26。如本文进一步披露的，水龙头10还可以包括标记读取器或识别(ID)读取器28(图2)。在操作中，水龙头10的阀组件14从热水供应30和/或冷水供应32(例如，常规止水带)通过输入管线或管34和36接收水，并且选择性地混合进水以便通过出口管线或管38将水提供至流道12。出口管38限定了由流道12支撑的出口39。在图1中，虚线连接线表示说明性流体流动路径，而实线连接线表示说明性电信号路径。
例如，水龙头10可以被安装到水槽台面40或其他合适的表面，其中，流道12被定位成将水从出口39引导到常规水槽盆内或其他区域。用户界面24可以支撑在流道12上或与其相邻(例如，在水槽台面40上)。
流道12说明性地联接到电容式传感器42，该电容式传感器说明性地是第一传感器模块22的一部分并且被电联接到控制器20上。流道12的至少一部分说明性地由限定了电极的金属形成，该电极电联接到电容式传感器42上。电容式传感器42感测由人体引起的其电容场的变化。例如，电容场可以在使用者触摸、抓握、或来到流道12的预定附近(例如，1至5英寸)时发生变化。当感测到指示水龙头10附近存在使用者的变化时，控制器20可以自动地激活阀组件14以将水供应至流道12。相反，当使用者不再在水龙头10附近时，控制器20可以发送信号至阀组件14以阻止水流向流道12。
流体处理组件18说明性地包括水处理装置，并且更具体地包括消毒装置(诸如，抗菌装置)。如本文进一步详述的，抗菌装置可以包括电解臭氧发生器或电解池46。臭氧发生器46可以包括外筒以及接纳在外筒内的电解池组件。电解池组件说明性地包括：第一壳体、联接到该第一壳体的阳极、第二壳体、联接到该第二壳体的阴极、定位在该阳极与该阴极之间的隔板、以及独立于该外筒将该第一壳体联接到该第二壳体的保持器。说明性臭氧发生器在于2015年7月13日提交的题为“用于臭氧发生器的电极(ELECTRODE FOR AN OZONEGENERATOR)”(代理人案卷号：DFC-4800-02-US-E)的美国专利申请序列号62/191,741、和于2015年11月12日提交的题为“用于水龙头的臭氧发生器(OZONE GENERATOR FORA FAUCET)”(代理人案卷号：DFC-4800-01-US-E)的美国专利申请序列号62/254,667中被进一步详述，这些专利申请的全部披露内容通过引用明确地结合在此。
传感器模块22、26可以包括多个传感器，诸如，流动速率传感器、压力传感器、温度传感器、臭氧浓度传感器、电流传感器、电压传感器、电容式传感器、以及可以与水龙头10一起使用并且供应信息至控制器20的任何其他传感器。虽然以下描述参考氧化还原电位传感器(ORP)作为说明性臭氧浓度传感器，但应理解的是，可以用其他已知传感器来代替，包括极谱氧传感器。
水龙头10被说明性地配置成在至少两种模式下操作，包括：第一或处理模式(图4)，和第二、非处理或自来水模式(图5)。例如，当在处理模式下操作时，水龙头10被配置成使流体(例如，水)流动穿过水处理组件18，该水处理组件对流动穿过其中的流体的至少一部分进行消毒以便从流道12提供具有抗菌特性的流体。然而，当在非处理模式下操作时，流体被配置成绕过水处理组件18，使得来自水路组件16的流体进入阀组件14并且被引导至流道12。在说明性实施例中，当水龙头10在处理模式或非处理模式下操作时，水可以流动穿过过滤器17。
如图2所示，在说明性实施例中，流体处理组件18包括臭氧装置44，该臭氧装置可以包括至少一个臭氧电池或电解臭氧发生器46、臭氧控制器48、臭氧电池驱动器49、电气继电器50、以及至少一个流体处理传感器(诸如，流动速率传感器52a和/或温度传感器52b)。另外地，流体处理组件18可以包括电磁阀56。说明性地，可以并行提供一对臭氧电池46a和46b，其中，阀56可以切换电池46a与46b之间的水流。在另一个说明性实施例中，可以将这对臭氧电池46a和46b提供为串联流体连通，其中，控制器48仅在单个臭氧电池46a、46b在任何给定时间具有活性时激活。替代地或除了臭氧发生器46之外，水处理组件18可以包括配置成处理流体的任何装置(例如，过滤器)。
说明性地，水龙头10可以被配置成监测各种消耗元件，诸如臭氧电池46a、46b和过滤器17。例如，活性臭氧电池46a的使用可以通过使用几分钟来监测，并且可以被认为在使用100个小时之后被耗尽。当耗尽时，阀56可以将水流从第一臭氧电池46a切换至第二臭氧电池46b。然后，使用者可以在不造成水龙头10中断的情况下替换第一臭氧电池46a。
过滤器17的使用也可以通过所分配的几加仑流体和/或整体操作时间来监测。例如，过滤器17可以被认为在600加仑流体和/或使用600个小时之后被耗尽。说明性地，维修开关可以被提供用于感测过滤器17的移除。另外地，压力通风口可以经由电路控制以打开电磁阀。
可能需要周期性替换、替换、或更新的水龙头10的消耗元件上的信息可以被上传至服务器、计算机、云、或用于监测这种部件的使用的任何其他装置。在一个说明性实施例中，水龙头10的消耗元件上的信息在每次使用水龙头10之后经由无线串行链路被无线地传达至云58(图2)。
仍然参考图2，水龙头10的阀组件14可以包括控制水的流动速率和温度的电子比例阀(EPV)60，并且还可以被配置成紧急切断阀。例如，从流道12输出的流体的目标温度可以大约为50-90°F，并且更具体地，当水龙头10在处理模式下操作时为70°F。然而，从流道12输出的流体的目标温度可以大约为90-115°F，并且更具体地，当水龙头10在非处理模式下操作时为102-105°F。
当水龙头10包括EPV 60时，EPV 60可以包括一个或多个切断特征，这可以为水龙头10提供安全方面。例如，如果水龙头10被用在需要两个单独的子系统(在图2中标识为臭氧装置44和水流装置61)并且需要同时操作以使水龙头10在处理模式下操作的水系统中，则子系统44和61二者通过第一传感器模块22和/或第二传感器模块26中的传感器来监测流体的参数(例如，温度、流动速率、压力、ORP、和/或电流)并且确定每个子系统上读数之间的“一致性”。如果这两个子系统之间存在任何读数不一致，则EPV 60被配置成停止或关闭水龙头10的操作以使水龙头10停止分配流体。
可以由水龙头10通过流动速率传感器52a监测流动速率来提供另外的安全特征。当流动速率活跃时，控制器48根据臭氧电池46下游的ORP传感器54来监测臭氧水平(单独地随时间、或与臭氧电池46上游的第二ORP传感器54相比)。如果ORP水平低于设定水平，则控制器48切断通至臭氧电池46的电力并且通过电磁阀56停止流动。然后，控制器48运行诊断检查并且回收电力。说明性地，控制器48在封锁水处理组件18以便维修之前几次试图对其重启，在维修期间于用户界面24上显示维修代码。
处理模式
参考图3至图5，在水龙头10操作期间，处理模式可以被设置为默认模式，使得水龙头10在处理模式下初始地操作，除非使用者提供指示希望在非处理模式下操作的输入。替代地，只有当使用者明确指定应该使用处理模式时，水龙头10才可以在处理模式下操作。例如，使用者可以输入处理模式到用户界面24，该用户界面发送信号至控制器20以激活流体处理组件18。以这种方式，来自阀组件14的流体被引导穿过流体处理组件18、并且更具体地穿过臭氧装置44，以对流向流道12的流体的至少一部分进行消毒。
灯(例如，LED)或其他照明装置(未示出)可以被定位在流道12的出口39处、上、或附近，以便当水龙头10在处理模式下操作时照亮从该出口流出的水。以这种方式，灯向使用者表明水龙头10处于处理模式。替代地，流道12和/或用户界面24可以提供水龙头10处于处理模式的视觉指示器(例如，文字、图形、颜色、或声音)。例如，当水龙头10在臭氧模式下操作时，可以照亮用户界面24的臭氧模式指示器62。
流体处理组件18可以被配置成在自动关闭之前操作预定的时间长度。例如，流体处理组件18可以在关闭并且不再对流体消毒之前操作最少30秒。在预定的时间长度之后，阀组件14还可以自动地关闭以停止流体流向流道12。替代地，阀组件14可以保持打开以允许流体连续流向流道12直到使用者关闭流体，然而，在流体处理组件18操作之后流体可以不再被消毒。在这种情况下，流道12上的灯或视觉指示器62也可以关闭以向使用者表明流体不再被消毒。
在处理模式期间，控制器20发送串行命令至臭氧控制器48以开始生成臭氧。臭氧控制器48使臭氧电磁阀56启动，并且以0.8至2.0安培的电流(并且更具体地，1.2安培的电流)向(多个)臭氧电池46(例如，三氧电池)输出电压。说明性地，通至臭氧电池46的电压和电流被以周期性间隔(例如，每20秒)反向，以防止石灰累积并保持臭氧电池46内的电极(未示出)清洁。电流水平可以基于如由温度传感器52b感测到的水温度来调节。另外地，取决于如由ORP传感器54感测到的水的氧化还原电位(ORP)，可以调节通至臭氧电池46的电流。说明性地，ORP传感器54可以被提供在臭氧电池46的上游和下游，以指示正在生成臭氧。臭氧电池46的电流消耗指示臭氧的相对水平。最后，由排气产生的臭氧气体可以被收集并销毁。
臭氧控制器48还跟踪臭氧电池46的使用和性能水平。说明性地，臭氧电池46被配置成通过提供0.5gpm下0.5ppm的臭氧浓度来使细菌和病毒减少2个数量级或更多(功效测定)。当电池46耗尽时，臭氧控制器48可以操作其他臭氧电池46和/或向控制器20提供指示臭氧电池46耗尽的信号。以这种方式，控制器20可以经由用户界面24向使用者和/或向水龙头10的监测系统提供臭氧电池46中的一个被耗尽并且可以被替换的输出。
在水龙头10在处理模式下的说明性操作期间，控制器20向用户界面24提供输出，以示出流体处理组件18的操作经过时间和/或特定使用者遵守手部卫生协议的水平。例如，用户界面24可以包括时间指示器(诸如，倒计时或正计时定时器或时钟64(数字式或图形式))，用于臭氧装置44的运行时间、水从流道12的出口39排出的时间、和/或使用者的手在从流道12的出口39排出的水流中的时间。说明性地，时钟64包括包含多个扇区的刻度盘，这些扇区响应于臭氧装置44的运行时间而被选择性地照亮。例如，时钟64的扇区65a、65b、65c等最初可以被全部照亮，并且随后随着时间推移被选择性地关闭(图3)。
对手部卫生协议的遵守可以通过电容式传感器42确定使用者的手在从流道出口39排出的水流中放置和/或移动一段时间来测量。这可以通过所测得电容的绝对变化(例如，手在水流中的放置)或指示洗手活动性的电容信号的相对和随机信号变化(例如，手在水流中的移动)来感测。
电容式感测(包括感测水龙头的水流中使用者的手)的另外细节在题为“抽取式杆(PULL-OUT WAND)”的美国专利号8,118,240、题为“包括基于电容的传感器的水龙头(FAUCET INCLUDING A CAPACITANCE BASED SENSOR)”的美国专利号9,187,884、以及题为“用于免提流体流动控制的包括电容式传感器的水龙头(FAUCET INCLUDING CAPACITIVESENSORS FOR HANDS FREE FLUID FLOW CONTROL)”的美国专利申请公开号2016/0177550中被进一步详述，这些专利的全部披露内容通过引用明确地结合在此。
用户界面24还可以包括合规性指示器66。更具体地，当使用者的手在流体流中时，合规性指示器66通过照亮指示器66的多个不同扇区67a、67b、67c等和/或通过沿着指示器66移动指针69来说明性地示出了增量增加，以示出过程并鼓励使用者完成消毒周期(例如，如本文披露的，臭氧装置44自动操作的预定30秒周期)。
如果在臭氧装置44的完整操作周期期间使用者的手保留在流体流内，则可以在用户界面24上显示另一个指示器。例如，如果完成全部合规性，则可以显示通过或“嘉奖”指示器71(例如，绿色的“大拇指朝上”)；而如果没有完成全部合规性，则可以显示失败指示器73(例如，红色的“大拇指朝下”)(图3)。如果发生设定的超时使得臭氧装置44停止操作或使用者完成全部合规性，则电磁阀56关闭以停止臭氧装置44的操作并且在用户界面24上显示合规性水平。
控制器20还监测包括第一传感器模块22和/或第二传感器模块26的传感器的输出。更具体地，当流体流动穿过阀组件14时，EPV 60可以持续调节热/冷流体以便以某种方式混合水从而达到目标温度(例如，在处理模式期间为70°F)。另外地，控制器20监测来自ORP传感器54的输出，并且确保该输出在预先定义的参数内。如果在处理模式下来自ORP传感器54的输出不在预先定义的参数内，则EPV 60可以通过关闭阀组件14来关闭水流，并且控制器20经由电气继电器50发送信号以停止(多个)臭氧电池46的操作。
在每次使用水龙头10结束时，合规性数据可以被上传到水龙头10的监测系统或装置，监测系统或装置可以是计算机、服务器、“云”、或配置成从控制器20接收信息的任何其他数据装置。在一个实施例中，合规性数据通过通至“云”的无线链路被提供至监测系统。如果水龙头10在医疗设施(例如，医院)内，则合规性数据可以通过该医疗设施的无线互联网被无线地传输至监测系统或装置。合规性数据包括单位ID或标记ID、位置、使用时间戳、合规性水平(例如，使用者的手在流体流内的时间百分比)、以及与水龙头10的维修和/或操作相关的任何其他数据。质量控制人员可以访问这个数据来运行这个位置或水龙头10分组的报告。
在一个说明性实施例中，如图2所示，在水龙头10将在处理模式和/或非处理模式下操作之前，使用者可能需要通过标记读取器28扫描或以其他方式提供识别信息。例如，如果水龙头10在医疗设施内，则使用者可能需要扫描或以其他方式提供职工ID信息至标记读取器28，以允许水龙头10在水龙头10的操作期间监测使用者对手部卫生协议的遵守。
非处理模式
参考图2和图4，使用者可以向水龙头10提供指示希望在非处理或自来水模式下操作的输入。在一个说明性实施例中，当使用者希望使用传统自来水清洗他的或她的手时，使用者可以激活常规传感器(诸如，红外线(IR)、电位计、薄膜开关、第2电容式传感器、脚踏板等)。这个传感器由主控制器20监测以发送命令至臭氧控制器48，从而打开自来水电磁阀68。当电磁阀68打开时，水流动穿过旁通管线70。在水流开始时，主控制器20将调节EPV 60以输送102-105°F的水温至流道12。主控制器20可以说明性地在用户界面24上显示洗手信号以使用肥皂，并且还可以监测水流中的手，从而在用户界面24上给出适当长度和合规性水平的指示。
如在处理模式下的，水可以在预设时间或当手离开了设定时间段(3至5秒)时被关闭。这个信息还可以在每次使用结束时被说明性地上传到云。流道12和/或用户界面24可以提供水龙头10处于非处理或自来水模式的视觉指示器(例如，文字、图形、颜色、或声音)。例如，当水龙头10正在非处理或自来水模式下操作时，可以照亮用户界面24的自来水模式指示器72。
还如在处理模式下的，在水龙头10处于非处理模式下的说明性操作期间，控制器20向用户界面24提供输出，以示出操作经过时间和/或特定使用者遵守手部卫生协议的水平。例如，用户界面24可以包括倒计时或正计时定时器或时钟64(数字式或图形式)，用于阀68打开由此使自来水穿过旁通管线70流向流道12的出口39的时间、和/或使用者的手在从流道12的出口39排出的水流中的时间。对手部卫生协议的遵守可以通过电容式传感器42确定使用者的手在从流道出口39排出的水流中放置一段时间来测量。这可以通过所测得电容的绝对变化(例如，手在水流中的放置)或指示洗手活动性的电容信号的相对和随机信号变化(例如，手在水流中的移动)来感测。
合规性指示器66说明性地示出了当使用者的手在水流中时的增量增加，以示出过程并鼓励使用者完成洗手周期(例如，预定的30秒)。如果在完整操作周期期间使用者的手保留在水流内，则可以在用户界面24上显示另一个指示器。例如，如果完成全部合规性，则可以显示“嘉奖”指示器；而如果没有完成全部合规性，则可以显示失败指示器。
参考图6，示出了另外的说明性用户界面24的附加细节。用户界面24可以包括数字指示器74，该数字指示器提供对时间(诸如，以上详述的时钟64，但是是以数字形式的)和/或水龙头10的操作或维修状况的指示。例如，指示器74可以显示与水龙头10相关联的错误代码。第一或O3图形指示器76可以提供活性臭氧电池46的剩余预期寿命的指示，而第二或过滤器指示器78可以提供过滤器17的剩余预期寿命的指示。
说明性水龙头10通过交替地分配自来水和使接触的细菌及病毒灭活的臭氧输注水，通过支撑在流道上(或安装在附近)的界面向使用者提供关于其手部卫生协议的合规性水平的反馈，利用电容式感测技术来辨别手何时在水流中，收集并报告使用信息和合规性信息用于质量控制和改善，并且收集并销毁由于排气产生的臭氧气体，从而提供改善的手部卫生。作为另外的安全特征，水龙头10说明性地要求两个单独的子系统适当地运作以分配臭氧水。最后，水龙头10使用臭氧来对手消毒，使用电容感测来知晓手何时在水流中用于合规性报告，将使用者合规性反馈集成到流道，并且提供实时合规性报告。
说明性水龙头10的附加特征可能是在题为“水龙头中的臭氧分布(OZONEDISTRIBUTION IN A FAUCET)”的美国专利申请公开号2014/0352799、和题为“水龙头中的臭氧分布(OZONE DISTRIBUTION IN A FAUCET)”的PCT国际专利公开号WO 2013/086217中披露的，这些专利的全部披露内容通过引用明确地结合在此。
水处理分配系统
参考图7至图9，说明性水处理分配系统100包括臭氧冲洗站102，该臭氧冲洗站包括由外壳或壳106限定的球形室104。虽然外壳106和内室104被展示为球形，但是可以用其他形状来代替。
多个第一流体装置联接器或保持器108由外壳106支撑在室104内、并且可操作地联接到臭氧发生器46用于分配臭氧输注(即，臭氧的)水。多个第二流体装置联接器或保持器110由外壳106支撑在室104内、并且可操作地联接到自来水源112用于分配未经处理的自来水。保持器108和110被安排在外壳106的内表面上，其方式为当使用者的手放置在内室104内时在手上均匀地喷洒臭氧输注(臭氧的)水。
外壳106可以由聚合物形成、并且包括用于接纳使用者的手的开口114。椭圆形护罩116可以从外壳106向外延伸并且环绕开口114。尽管开口114可以是各种形状和大小，但其说明性地形成为细长的狭槽以便帮助防止从室104内释放臭氧排气。
安装组件120被配置成将外壳106联接到安装表面，诸如水槽台面40。安装组件120包括柄部主体122，该柄部主体经由第一螺母126联接到从外壳106向下延伸的螺纹衬套或套筒124上。进而，柄部主体122由第二螺母128联接到水槽台面40。臭氧水供应管130说明性地延伸穿过柄部主体122，并且使臭氧发生器46与第一流体装置保持器108流体地联接。自来水供应管132说明性地延伸穿过柄部主体122，并且使自来水源112与第二流体装置保持器110流体地联接。排水衬套或配件134从邻近套筒124的外壳106向下延伸，并且被配置成与排水管(未示出)流体地联接以便移除废水。
第一流体装置保持器108中的每一个说明性地支撑第一流体装置，说明性地配置成以基本上层流的方式输送臭氧水以降低臭氧排气的可能性。说明性第一流体装置包括常规的流矫直器136(例如，曝气器)和/或常规的喷头138(例如，花洒(rain can))。因此，可以用其他流体装置来代替，包括层流叶片。
第二流体装置保持器110中的每一个说明性地支撑第二流体装置，以便输送提供物理移除力的冲击喷雾用于帮助移除细菌和病毒。第一和第二流体装置的所披露安排将自来水的物理移除力的益处与臭氧的消毒效果结合以提供高效且快速的手部清洁过程。
说明性第二流体装置包括常规喷雾喷嘴或常规射流芯片140。每个射流芯片140可以是常规设计的并且被配置成输送多维喷洒模式的水。说明性地，射流芯片140是低压无反馈通道的射流振荡器，该射流振荡器在扇形角度、形状上提供模式化喷洒分布和/或展现水的喷洒。说明性地，射流芯片140可以是由美国马里兰州的哥伦比亚的鲍尔斯应用流体力学(Bowles Fluidics)公司生产的类型。
参考图10，射流芯片140被示出为配置成通过围绕中心轴线144振荡水流143来在平面142内产生水扇141的二维(2D)射流芯片或喷嘴。生成的喷雾145说明性地是横截面中的线。
参考图11，射流芯片140’被示出为配置成产生一对相互作用的水扇146a、146b的三维(3D)射流芯片或喷嘴。通常，每个3D射流芯片140’包括一对彼此平行布置的相邻2D射流芯片140。此外，3D效果可以通过结合具有初始汇聚水扇146a、146b的两个2D射流芯片140来产生，这两个水扇在接近中心平面148接触时远离彼此向外反射。说明性地，水扇146a、146b是通过在初始汇聚平面154a、154b内围绕相应的中心轴线152a、152b振荡水流150a、150b形成的。在汇聚点156处，水扇146a、146b在发散平面158a、158b中彼此远离地反射，由此在远离中心平面148的方向上移动。生成的喷雾160说明性地限定了矩形横截面。
虽然在说明性实施例中示出了两个第一流体装置保持器108和两个第二流体装置保持器110，但是保持器108、110的数量、类型和取向以及相关联的流体装置136、138、140可以变化。在某些说明性实施例中，臭氧水经由保持器108和流体装置136、138来输送，而自来水经由保持器110和流体装置140来输送。在其他说明性实施例中，臭氧水经由保持器110和流体装置140来输送，而自来水经由保持器108和流体装置136、138来输送。在又其他说明性实施例中，臭氧水经由保持器108和流体装置136、138、且经由保持器110和流体装置140来输送。
在说明性实施例中，射流芯片140被安排在室104内，以使用每分钟1.0至1.4加仑(gpm)之间的流动速率并且在大约百万分之(ppm)0.80的臭氧浓度率下同时覆盖使用者的手的表面区域。在第一个说明性实施例中，支撑在保持器108中的两个流矫直器136被定位在位于保持器110内的两个3D射流芯片140’的上方，其中，流矫直器136提供自来水层流而3D射流芯片140’提供臭氧水喷雾。在第二个说明性实施例中，两个3D射流芯片140’被定位在保持器108中，以便向下喷洒臭氧水。在第三个说明性实施例中，支撑在保持器108中的两个3D射流芯片140’被定位在支撑在保持器110中的两个流矫直器136的上方，其中，3D射流芯片140’提供臭氧水喷雾而流矫直器136提供自来水层流。在第四个说明性实施例中，支撑在保持器108中的两个喷头138被定位在位于保持器110内的两个3D射流芯片140’的上方，其中，喷头138提供大量自来水层流而3D射流芯片140’提供臭氧水喷雾。
可以在例如题为“具有多维流体分配器的喷淋头(SHOWERHEAD WITH MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FLUID DISPENSERS)”的美国专利申请公开号2013/0299608中找到说明性射流芯片的其他细节，该专利申请的全部披露内容通过引用明确地结合在此。
气体排减系统162可以被提供用于从臭氧水收集排气(即，臭氧排气排减)。气体排减系统162说明性地包括吸入管道164，这些吸入管道通过形成在壳体106中的开口146与内室104流体连通。高功率风扇168被配置成从室104通过吸入管道164和过滤器170向排气出口172抽吸气体。过滤器170说明性地包括已知容易销毁臭氧的碳过滤器。
电极180(诸如，金属板)被说明性地联接到电容式传感器42，由此限定了可操作地联接到控制器20的用户检测器。用户检测器被联接到控制器20以便控制阀组件14和气体排减系统162(例如，激活和去激活穿过流体装置136、138、140和风扇168的水流)。用户检测器可以包括多种多样不同的传感器，包括红外(IR)传感器、超声波传感器、电容式传感器等。电极180说明性地由护罩116邻近开口114支撑，使得电容式传感器42将感测使用者的手何时在开口114内。基于信号变化的幅值、频率和/或持续时间，电容式传感器42还可以感测使用者的手何时在室104内移动。用户界面、类似于以上详述的用户界面24可以可操作地联接到控制器20。
图12和图13示出了另一个说明性实施例臭氧冲洗站202，该臭氧冲洗站包括与以上详述的臭氧冲洗站102的特征类似的许多特征。在以下的描述中，类似的附图标记标识类似的部件。如图13所示，过滤器保持器204将碳块过滤器170保持在位，并且使得容易替换或维修该碳块过滤器。固位指208上的底切206将碳块170保持在位。在接片210上拉动会将块过滤器170从其壳体拉出，由此允许维修或替换。开口166允许将空气从室104吸出、穿过碳块170并且进入出口室212并且通过排气臂214出去。水护罩216防止来自室104的水被抽吸到排气室218中和碳过滤器170中。从出口端口220排出的空气搅动外部空气，以促进空气与臭氧的混合从而稀释逸出室104的任何臭氧，并且还帮助销毁臭氧。
使用者的手被插入到壳体106的开口114中以对手进行冲洗。电容式传感器42的电极180被说明性地从视野上隐藏到唇缘222的后方，该唇缘将打开单元(激活水流穿过流体装置136、138、140)。电极180可以包括将允许控制器20确定使用者的手是否在室104内移动的分立零件(例如，四个不同的零件)。替代地，感测引线可以缠绕在激励水流的水管线周围。控制器20可以使用该感测引线来确定冲洗的“质量”。可以通过用户界面24向使用者给出反馈，可能是使他们知晓他们到冲洗结束必须经过多长时间的倒计时定时器，以及示出冲洗“质量”(手在流中移动了多久)的“正计时定时器”。希望使用者的手暴露于从射流芯片140排出的自来水、以及从流体装置136、138排出的臭氧水。
图14示出了另一个说明性实施例臭氧冲洗站302，该臭氧冲洗站包括与以上详述的臭氧冲洗站102和202的特征类似的许多特征。在以下的描述中，类似的附图标记标识类似的部件。外壳306是双壁构造，包括与外壁310向内隔开的内壁308，并且限定了这两个壁之间的通道312。壁308与壁310之间的通道312允许用于布线、通气道以及用于安装管道的空间，包括出水口装置。更具体地，流体装置(诸如，流矫直器136、喷头138和/或射流芯片140)被配置成穿过内壁308突出以在室104内部提供两种类型的流动。
壁308与壁310之间的通道312还允许如之前所描述的使用风扇168通过通风孔316、通过碳块过滤器170将空气从室104抽出(图13)。双壁构造允许在内部部件(包括内壁308)上使用耐臭氧的材料，同时允许在外部(包括外壁310)上使用具有更好外形的材料。
半透明的、说明性地透明的透镜318可以用作光管用于将反馈信息传达给使用者。说明性地，透镜318围绕用于接纳使用者的手的开口114的至少一部分延伸。透镜318可操作地联接到光源(诸如，LED(未示出))，该光源进而可操作地联接到控制器20。
在操作中，使用者的手插入到外壳106的开口114中。当用户检测器(说明性地联接到电极180的电容式传感器42)在室104内检测到使用者的手时，控制器20开始冲洗周期并且监测冲洗的实际使用/持续时间。更具体地，控制器20将使得阀组件14致使臭氧水流动穿过联接到第一流体装置保持器108的流体装置136、138，并且致使自来水流动穿过联接到第二流体装置保持器110的流体装置140。同时，控制器20将激活风扇168通过碳过滤器170抽吸臭氧排气。在使用者的手已经从室104移除之后，如由联接到电极180的电容式传感器42检测到的，控制器20将使阀组件14停止穿过流体装置136、138和140的水流。在臭氧水的流动已经停止之后，风扇168将说明性地运行预定的时间。
用户界面24可以指示留给冲洗的时间，并且提供关于手是否正被适当移动的反馈。在某些说明性实施例中，射频识别(RFID)读取器可以由外壳106支撑以便识别使用者(例如，通过识别标记)。蓝牙或类似的无线技术可以被用于上传数据到云，诸如，使用者的洗手协议合规性、监测系统的“健康”的编程、可以让维修人员知道维修截止日期将何时到来的警报、以及已经检测到的任何系统问题。
可能存在水处理分配系统100的几个不同变型，包括用于较高敏锐度设置的那些水处理分配系统(例如，手术室(OR)、重症监护室(ICU)、新生儿重症监护室(NICU)等)、以及用于较低敏锐度设置的那些水处理分配系统(例如，病房)。这类系统具有不同的持续时间和覆盖需求。较高敏锐度设置将可能需要从指尖到前臂的覆盖，同时具有相对较长持续清洁时间(例如，30秒)的清洁时间；而较低敏锐度设置可能需要从指尖到手腕的覆盖，同时具有较短的持续清洁时间(例如，10秒)。
图15示出了另一个说明性流体分配系统402，该流体分配系统包括邻近彼此支撑且由水槽台面40支撑的水龙头404和水处理分配系统406。水龙头404可以常规设计为包括流道408以及把手410，该把手联接到混合阀(未示出)用于将水从流道408的出口412分配到水槽414中。
水处理分配系统406可以类似于如以上结合图7至图9详述的水处理分配系统100。例如，水处理分配系统406说明性地包括臭氧冲洗站416，该臭氧冲洗站包括由外壳或壳420限定的室418。用户界面24可以支撑在外壳420的外表面上。流体装置136、138说明性地支撑在室418内以便分配臭氧水。类似地，流体装置140说明性地支撑在室418内以便分配自来水。
一对圆形开口422和424说明性地形成在外壳420的上部部分内，并且被配置成接纳使用者的左手和右手。在替代的说明性实施例中，这两个圆形开口422和424可以被单个细长或椭圆形开口(在图15中由虚线426表示)替代。
虽然已经参考某些优选实施例详细地说明了本发明，但在如以下权利要求中说明和限定的本发明的精神和范围内，存在变型和修改。

Claims (15)

1.一种水龙头，包括：
流道，所述流道包括限定了出口的水路；
至少一个阀，所述阀与所述流道的所述水路流体连通；
控制器，所述控制器与所述至少一个阀通信；
消毒装置，所述消毒装置流体地联接到所述流道的所述水路，所述水龙头被配置成响应于对所述控制器的输入而选择性地使流体流动穿过所述消毒装置，以及
其中，所述水龙头被配置成选择性地在处理模式和非处理模式下操作，其中，在所述处理模式下经处理的水穿过所述消毒装置，而在所述非处理模式下未经处理的水绕过所述消毒装置，
其中，当所述水龙头在所述处理模式下操作时，发光装置照亮从所述流道的所述出口输送的水流。
2.如权利要求1所述的水龙头，进一步包括与所述控制器通信的用户界面，所述用户界面包括合规性指示器，所述合规性指示器被配置成显示关于使用者对手部卫生协议遵守情况的表示。
3.如权利要求2所述的水龙头，其中，所述合规性指示器提供遵守手部卫生协议的通过/失败视觉指示。
4.一种水龙头，包括：
流道，所述流道包括限定了出口的水路；
至少一个阀，所述阀与所述流道的所述水路流体连通；
控制器，所述控制器与所述至少一个阀通信；
消毒装置，所述消毒装置流体地联接到所述流道的所述水路，所述水龙头被配置成响应于对所述控制器的输入而选择性地使流体流动穿过所述消毒装置，以及
电容传感器，所述电容传感器被配置成检测使用者的手处于从所述流道的所述出口排出的水流中的时间量。
5.如权利要求4所述的水龙头，其中，所述控制器被配置成提供对所述水流从所述出口排出的时间量以及使用者的手在所述水流中的时间量的指示。
6.如权利要求5所述的水龙头，其中，关于使用者的手在所述水流中的时间量的数据被存储在远程数据库中。
7.如权利要求6所述的水龙头，其中，所述远程数据库是云。
8.如权利要求4所述的水龙头，进一步包括用于确定使用者身份的识别装置。
9.如权利要求8所述的水龙头，其中，所述识别装置是标记读取器。
10.一种水处理分配系统，包括：
外壳，所述外壳限定室；
由所述外壳支撑的多个流体装置；
臭氧发生器，所述臭氧发生器流体地联接到所述流体装置以便将臭氧水输送至接纳在所述室内的使用者的手上；
电动可操作阀，所述电动可操作阀与所述臭氧发生器流体连通以便控制穿过其中的流体流；
控制器，所述控制器与所述电动可操作阀电通信；
用户检测器，所述用户检测器与所述控制器电通信，其中，所述控制器响应于所述用户检测器检测到在所述室内的使用者的手来控制所述电动可操作阀；以及
气体排减系统，所述气体排减系统与所述控制器电通信，并且包括配置成从所述室内抽吸臭氧排气的风扇。
11.如权利要求10所述的水处理分配系统，其中，所述流体装置包括至少一个射流芯片，所述射流芯片被配置成通过围绕中心轴线使水振荡来在平面内产生水扇。
12.如权利要求11所述的水处理分配系统，其中，所述流体装置包括至少一个层流装置，所述层流装置流体地联接到自来水源以便将自来水输送至接纳在所述室内的使用者的手上。
13.如权利要求10所述的水处理分配系统，其中，所述气体排减系统包括碳过滤器，所述碳过滤器可操作地联接到所述风扇并且被配置成处理所述臭氧排气。
14.如权利要求10所述的水处理分配系统，其中，所述用户检测器包括由所述外壳支撑的电极、以及可操作地联接到所述电极的电容式传感器。
15.如权利要求10所述的水处理分配系统，进一步包括与所述控制器通信的用户界面，所述用户界面包括合规性指示器，所述合规性指示器被配置成显示使用者对手部卫生协议遵守情况的表示。
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CA3007437A1 (en) 2017-06-29
US20230028838A1 (en) 2023-01-26
CN108463437B (zh) 2022-07-08
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US20190001006A1 (en) 2019-01-03
WO2017112795A1 (en) 2017-06-29

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