TWI276603B - Boron nitride agglomerated powder - Google Patents

Boron nitride agglomerated powder Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI276603B
TWI276603B TW093125195A TW93125195A TWI276603B TW I276603 B TWI276603 B TW I276603B TW 093125195 A TW093125195 A TW 093125195A TW 93125195 A TW93125195 A TW 93125195A TW I276603 B TWI276603 B TW I276603B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
powder
boron nitride
raw material
heat
structural component
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TW093125195A
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English (en)
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TW200523208A (en
Inventor
Eugene A Pruss
Thomas M Clere
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Saint Gobain Ceramics
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Publication of TW200523208A publication Critical patent/TW200523208A/zh
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1276603 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體係關於製備結塊硼氮化物粉末之方法、藉此 $成的粉末及納入有該等粉末之組件。 【先前技術】 4敗電子梦著 y t 衣直例如積體電路晶片,正變得越來越小而功 月b π卩愈加強大。當前之趨勢係製造密度不斷增加並可在一 无疋日可間帛限内執行較先前晶片更多之功能的積體晶片。 此會致使電能消耗增加並產生更多熱量,因此,熱量處理 在電子裝置研製中已成爲一首要關注點。 人通吊’諸如積體電路晶片# S熱源或裝置係與散熱片配 合,:去除運行期間産生的熱量。然而,介於産熱源或裝 置與政,片之間的接觸熱阻會限制散熱件之有效除熱能 力在I配時,通常使用一層導熱潤滑脂(通常爲-石夕潤滑 層導熱有_以協助在熱源與散熱片二者之對置 " 之間建立一低熱阻路徑。其他導熱潤滑材料係基 於使用-黏合#卜較佳爲樹脂黏合劑,例如,㈣脂、熱 =橡聲、胺基甲酸§旨樹脂、丙烯酸類樹脂或環氧樹脂, /、中分佈一或多種導熱填料。 通常,該等填料係兩種主要類型之— 或導埶導雷搐卞…、电、,、巴緣填枓 上=化銘、氧化鎂、氧化鋅、氮氧化銘及 朋虱化物係熱相關産品中 型,化物尤1有用,填最常用類 相對便宜。 υ有極佳的熱傳導特性且 95557.doc 1276603 然而,爲了利用當前使用的填料(例如硼氮化物)來達成 足夠的熱傳v率,一直以來需在黏合劑中加入高用量之填 料。參見(例如)皆頒予Shaffer等人之美國專利第5,898,〇〇9 號、美國專利第6,048,511號及歐洲專利第〇 939 〇66 A1號, 其教示一可達成固態六角形硼氮化物用量達45體積%之替 代方法。 現今業内仍需要經改良導熱性填充材料及形成該等材料 之方法。特定s之,需要藉其可經濟地大量製備該等材料 且可對終産品之性質加以更好地控制的方法。另外,現今 業内仍需要經改良的硼氮化物粉末,包括密度經控制的粉 末,例如,對於在諸如半導體領域等應用中之作業及使用 能保持足夠強度的低密度或中等密度粉末。 除將硼氮化物粉末作爲一導熱性填充材料之應用外,業 内亦萬要製備在其他最終用途(例如降低摩擦之應用)中使 用的具有所期望之目標性質的硼氮化物粉末。爲此,需要 極具靈活性之製程,該等製程能使用具成本效益之技術並 以同産率製備具有各種物理、熱、電、機械及化學性質之 硼氮化物粉末。 【發明内容】 根據本發明之一恶樣,提供一具有一不低於約1 1 之、、Ό塊斷裂強度對振實密度(tap density)比的硼氮化物結 塊粉末。 根據本發明之另一悲樣,提供一具有一不低於6.5 Mpa.cc/g 鬼辦放強度對外设毯、度(envel〇pe density)比的石朋氮化 95557.doc 1276603 物結塊粉末。 ^據本發明之—態樣,提供—用於形成—喊化物結塊 J7之方法,其中利用一包含领氮化物團塊之原料粉末。 广原料粉末通常具有粒#不超過約5微米之微細晶體。狹後 對該原料粉末實施埶處理, ^ …蜒里以形成一經熱處理的硼氮化物 結塊粉末。 根據本發明之另—態樣,提供—微電子裝置,其包含一 式、、且件基板及一提供於該主動式組件與該基板之 4的熱導介面材料。該主動式組件通常會産生熱量,並且 該熱導介面材料包含-斷裂強度封裝密度比不低於 6.5 MPa.cc/g之團塊。 根據本發明之另—態樣,提供-印刷電路板,其包括多 個層’其中至少有—層包含—斷裂強度·封裝密度比不低於 6·5 MPa.cc/g之團塊。 根據本發明之又-特徵,提供—複合結構組件,其包括 一基質相及斷裂強度_封裝密度比不低於約65 團塊。 · ^ 根據本發明之再-態樣,提供—形成簡化物結塊粉末 1方法’其中提供—包含圏塊之鬆散魏化物粉末。然後, 從該鬆散粉末巾提取-部分喊化物團塊㈣彡成—原料粉 末,加熱該原料粉末以形成一硼氮化物結塊粉末。 根據本發明之再一實施例,提供一形成蝴氮化物結塊粉 末之方法,其中提供一包含硼氮化物團塊之原料粉末,該 等硼氮化物團塊含湍流狀硼氮化物。然後對該原料於末, 95557.doc 1276603 知熱處理’以形成經熱處理的硼氮化物結塊粉末。 f據本i明之-特徵,可對經熱處理的删氮化物結塊粉 ^貝⑪機械攪拌作業,例如破碎。該過程可有效斷開通 =在加熱處理過程中形成的弱結塊間鍵結,如此可使粒徑 ^佈相似於或非常接近於初始原料粉末之粒徑分佈。通 常,經破碎後有至少25重量%經熱處理的喊化物粉末處 於原料粉末之初始粒徑範圍内。 【實施方式】 苓考圖1 ’其例示一用於形成一結塊硼氮化物粉末之大體 々•L耘。該流程以提供硼氮化物壓塊或糰粒開始。通常,硼 氮化物壓塊或球形料由硼氮化物粉末以壓塊或糰粒形式壓 擠在一起形成。該壓塊或球形料之尺寸並不非常重要,其 密度可端視製作硼氮化物壓塊或糰粒之製程(例如濾餅、乳 輥壓製、丸壓、均壓)而有較大變化。儘管本發明之實施例 利用相對小的壓塊或糰粒(例如位階爲幾克),然而亦可加工 更大的壓塊(例如位階爲100公斤)。 初始加工硼氮化物壓塊或球形料之目的係提供一根據本 叙明貝%例使用的原料粉末。該原料粉末通常係藉由首先 在步驟10中破碎硼氮化物壓塊或球形料而形成。破碎壓塊 之適且方法包括顎式破碎法及輥式破碎法。將壓塊或球形 料破碎成爲具有一期望團塊尺寸或直徑的硼氮化物團塊。 車乂仫地,將壓塊或球形料破碎成自約丨〇微米至約$⑼微米 之硼氮化物團塊。除顎式破碎法及/或輥式破碎法外,還可 以研磨鬆散粉末以形成甚至更小的顆粒,例如由極細晶體 95557.doc 1276603 (例如尺寸低於1〇微米之晶體)形成之顆粒。 在了貫施例中,在用顯式破碎法、輥式破碎法及/或精細 =磨法之任-組合實施破碎而形成鬆散粉末後,在步驟 :將鬆散粉末分選以得到可用於後面加工的期望原料粉 。超過目標顆粒尺寸的粗糙團塊可再次破碎及分選,直 至其達到目標尺寸分佈範圍m而言,在步和 β u政&末更爲典型。通常’纟此中間步驟中係以冷產 或均壓之形式實施擠廢丧 . 少、貝她褙&木形成一新的具有期望結晶度及 b2〇3含量性質的圓柱形料、_或球形料。擠壓後,在步 驟14破碎新的圓柱形料、壓塊或球形料。擠壓步驟12及麼 碎步驟14可重複任意次以調節所得原料粉末之晶體粒度、 粒徑、粒徑分佈及Β2〇3含量。 在步驟16分選出的原料粉末及鬆散粉末包含團塊。如本 文所用’ -團塊係-結合在一起形成一可單獨識別之顆粒 的爛氮化物晶體聚積體。儘管該等團塊通常係由晶體形 成,但團塊亦可部分或全部爲玻璃質,例如當喊化物爲 不純或湍流狀之硼氮化物時。 根據本發明_實_,從粉末中移除未結塊之喊化物 難(例如’片狀或結晶物及超出所期望原料粉末粒徑分 :範圍的團塊。未結塊㈣氮化物顆粒之尺寸通常低於10 u米車又佺地,移除未結塊的硼氮化物顆粒至其含量低於 約5〇/〇,更佳低於約1%,例如低於約〇1%。移除未結塊顆粒 之適合方法包括篩分、風吹分選及淘選(參見Ch Handbook ^ Perry & Chilton, Ed.,McGraw-Hill (1973), 95557.doc -10- 1276603 其全部内容以引用的方式併入本文中)。由於該等移除方法 在此項技術中已習知,故本文僅簡要討論之。 通常’分選係藉由篩選實施。篩選係將不同尺寸的固體 顆粒/團塊之混合物藉由筛面分離成兩個或多個部分。該筛 面具有多個開孔,較小顆粒/團塊可經由該等開孔流過,而 較大顆粒/團塊會滯留在表面上。可藉由改變筛孔來對粗及 小尺寸的顆粒/團塊根據需要多次重複該製程,來獲得一符 合期望顆粒/團塊尺寸範圍的一類顆粒/團塊。 根據圖1所示加工流程之一特徵,於破碎並分選(以及可 選作業步驟12及破碎步驟14)後,可提供一具有所 心圍秘〇 係由一特別預定粒徑範圍 m ㈣團塊係取自或提取自鬆散魏化物結 =末。此處,該等個別團塊係由微細晶體(亦稱爲結晶結 構)組成。該等晶體係藉由團塊内鍵結而結合在一起,, 由SEM分析法可將其單獨識 曰 兮笪曰辨+ τ仏 叙而吕,人們期望 ㈣曰曰體之平均晶體粒度不超過約5微米 體之平均晶體粒度不超過約4微米 ^亥專曰曰 米。 吾至更佳不超過约2微 化物壓塊來闡釋上述用來形成-原料 瞭_料粉末可利 氮存在條件下,氧化物之錢還原反應、 一 +鼠版化合物之反應(作 硼氧化物還;^硼㊉原性氮化合物之源將 之反岸。J 了由氨將蝴氧化物直接氮化 次者,可在一熱解過程中處理諸如三氯化似氨 95557.doc 1276603 等試劑來形成高純度硼氮化物。在純度較加工産量更爲重 要之情況下,該技術對於形成高純度獨氮化物粉末尤其有 用。 儘管對於原料粉末及控制加工步驟之闡述係集中於提供 一具有極細微晶體粒度的原料粉末,但亦應注意,該原料 叙末可全部或部分爲湍流狀。例如,一實施例具有至少丄〇 重$ %湍流狀内含物,例如至少20、3〇或40%。某些實施例 之大部分可均爲湍流狀内含物。就此而論,該湍流狀硼氮 化物粉末通常具有一低於〇·12的結晶指數。關於湍流狀硼 氮化物之性質及晶體結構的更詳細說明,參見Hagi〇等人之 「Microstructural Development with Crystallizati〇n 〇f
Hexagonal Boron Nitride,」(J. Mat. Sci· Lett· 16:795-798 (1997)),其全部内容以引用的方式倂入本文中。 通常,該原料粉末、壓塊、圓柱形料或球形料(本文皆稱 爲壓坯)具有一自約〇·3至約2〇g/cc之密度。就此而論,原料 ♦刀末之C坯始度可藉由自一壓塊、圓柱形料或球形料之每 一側上切告彳亚稱量一已知尺寸之立方體來量測。另一表徵 原料♦刀末的方去係、量測用於進—步加卫之初始振實密度。 根據本發明之A /丨 ,r . 双Ή只%例,初始振實密度係自約〇·2至約 1 ·0 g/cc 〇 再參見擠壓步驟12,擠壓通常係藉由此項技術中爲人們 所習知的均壓法實施。加工壓力通常超過5,000 psi。更典 型地,超過約1〇加 · . ^ ^ iU,uoo psi,較佳高於15,〇〇〇 psi或甚至 20,000 ps卜於第 _ ^ 弟一破碎步驟14及隨後在步驟16分選之後, 95557.doc -12- 1276603 通兩曰存在超出所期望原料粉末粒徑範圍的顆粒。例如, 大於目‘粒偟分佈範圍的粗團塊可重新加以破碎及分選直 至其處於目標尺寸範圍之内,而低於最小團塊尺寸的較小 團塊及^結㈣粒可自原料粉末巾剔除。在該後-種情況 下’通常稭由使該再循環粉末在步驟12中再次經受擠壓並 P逍後在步驟14中破碎而重複利用該剔除粉末,如圖1中所 Ί亥再循環粉末通常與步縣1〇中破碎後形成的未經使用 的粉末混合。或者,擠壓步驟12可藉由單軸壓製(丸壓或壓 叙 '軋秦b壓製或壓塊而達成。如前所述,所施加之壓力足 以獲侍一具有期望密度之固結體。或者,壓坯可藉由濕處 理法形成,藉該等方法可將一硼氮化物漿液噴霧乾燥或過 滤而形成一麗述。 儘官結塊的原料粉末之粒徑範圍可端視最終粉末産品中 期望之最終性質而發生顯著變化,但通常原料粉末之粒徑 處於一約20至約1,000微米且較佳約4〇至5〇〇微米之範圍 内。通常執行上述寬範圍内較狹窄之粒徑範圍,以嚴格控 制最終産品之粒徑。本文所用「粒徑範圍」通常係藉由上 述篩選技術確定。就此而論,應注意,篩選並非一理想方 法’照此,可存在一定比例的非期望粒徑,最典型之情妒 係:在底篩上之產品内可能捕捉有精細顆粒,從而使粒押 範圍變得比規定之粒徑範圍略微更細。 如圖1中顯示,分選後,該原料粉末然後在步驟丨8中經受 一燒結處理。此處係對呈粉末形式而非任何鬆散形式(例士 磚形料、球形料或圓柱形料)的硼氮化物團塊實施燒結。在 95557.doc -13- 1276603 Λ丈70、、Ό作業中’團塊通常藉由弱團塊間之鍵結合(頸縮)而結 。在起。因此’在步驟20中使經熱處理或燒結的粉末經 又破碎處理通常較佳。如上文結合步驟1〇所述,步驟2〇 中之破~作業可藉由多種技術實施,包括顎式破碎法及粗 輥式破碎法,但在步驟20中通常不實施研磨以最大可能地 保持初始原料粉末之初始粒徑(團塊)範圍。 通常,步驟18之燒結作業係在一可促進晶體成長及非晶 相(湍流態)之結晶的溫度下實施,以在該熱處理産品中形成 一通常爲六角形晶體結構。就此而言,燒結溫度通常大於 至少約1,400。〇,例如在一約woo至2,侧。c之範圍内。燒 結溫度介於1,800^至2,300。(:之間,且具體燒結溫度介於約 l’85〇C至約1,900°C之間。通常,在燒結期間之環境應呈惰 性以最小化或防止硼氮化物原料粉末發生非期望的反應。 就此而言,燒結爐通常係抽空的(真空),例如壓力低^約 1個大氣壓。在燒結環境巾使料氣體通f爲惰性氣體,例 如風氣或氮氣(NO。通常熱處理製備過程所用時間爲約〇•乃 至12小時,具體時間依燒結爐之類型及加熱速率而定。 不同於其他類型陶瓷材料,該燒結作業通常會使原料却 末之密度降低。對於「燒結」期間密度降低的一種解釋爲 相鄰顆粒之間由於一類似於氣相傳輸的非緻密性擴散過禾 而形成項口(參見 Modern Ceramic Engineering, Richerson,Chapter 7, ί 982)。通常可看到密度降低約在至少 〇· 1 g/cc(例如至少0·2 g/cc)之位階。熱處理之特定實例在= 驟20中破碎並在步驟22中分選後,= 95557.doc •14- 1276603 至約1.0 g/cc的振實密度。就此而言,在步驟22中之分選將 藉由上文結合步驟16中之分選闡述之任一技術實施。 根據本發明之一實施例,步驟22中之分選揭示,至少25 重量%之經熱處理的硼氮化物結塊粉末(破碎後)處於原料 粉末之初始粒徑範圍内。一般而言,該經熱處理的硼氮化 物粉末(破碎後)之平均粒徑爲至少2〇微米,其粒徑範圍爲约 40¼米至約500微米。就此而言,通常期望最終粉末產品之 粒徑分佈接近於初始原料粉末之粒徑分佈。該特徵可有效 地將最終經熱處理及破碎並分選出之硼氮化物結塊粉末之 産率提高至超過現有加工技術,例如依靠加熱處理呈球狀 料、磚狀料、圓柱狀料或壓塊料形式之硼氮化物等技術。 該經熱處理的硼氮化物結塊粉末通常具有一六角形晶體 結構。六角形硼氮化物係一呈惰性且光滑的陶究材料,且 /、 扁平狀/、角开》晶體結構(類似於石墨之結 ,)(h BN」)。h_BN之習知各向異性性質可藉由參考圖2 容易地加以解釋,圖2顯示一 h姻顆粒之六角體。紙捕 顆粒片之直徑係圖2中所示之〇,且亦稱爲方向。_在&_ ^向之平面中係共價鍵結。顆粒厚度係圖中所示尺寸Lc, 其與直徑垂直’亦稱爲c-方向。疊加的BN六角體(即,在c_ 方向上)係藉由相對較弱的凡得瓦爾力結合在-起。 ^終經熱處理並破碎及分選出的結塊蝴氮化物粉末可 二有-六角形晶體結構,該結構處於從—高度有序的 形晶體結構至一無序 '、 角开"“冓之耗圍内。該等粉末通 大、、勺0.12或更南的結晶指數。(參見邮扣心, 95557.doc -15- 1276603
Hypothetical Model of Turbostratic Layered Boron
Nitride ’」曰本之 j Cer· s〇c·,104:695-98 (1996),其全部 内容以引用的方式倂入本文中) 另外’該燒結作業可有效地使雜質及表面氧化污染物揮 發掉。所得産品在破碎之前係一以較弱力積聚之結塊 餅」’其可容易地破碎至具有與原料粉末之初始粒徑分佈 相似之粒徑分佈。 應注意,儘管再循環步驟在圖丨中僅顯示爲介於步驟12 與16之間及介於步驟2〇與22之間,但在圖丨所示基本流程中 的不同加工步驟之間皆可使用再循環步驟。 垓最、,冬的結塊硼氮化物産品通常具有一相對高的斷裂強 j,尤其是相對於其封裝密度(實際結塊密度)及/或粉末振 貫岔度(粉末之體積密度)而言。例如,—實施例之斷裂強度-對 振實密度比^低於仙MPa.ee/g,例如錢於約i2 Mpacc/g、 13MPa.cc/g或甚至14MPa.cc/ge就封裝密度而言,該比率 通常不低於6.5 MPa.ee/g、不低於6·7奶.响或不低於 6.9 MPa.cc/g 〇 關於粉末粒徑特性,該粉末可具有一介於約2〇至微米 (例如約40至200微米)之間之平均結塊尺寸。就此而言,某 些實施例可具有至少60%顆粒分佈範圍爲約的至微米 或至少80%顆粒分佈範圍爲4〇至15〇微米的粉末。 根據本發明實施例,可提供具有上述特徵之粉末。缺而, 其他實施例可在多種應用中使用該粉末。例如,來見圖4, 其中提供-印刷電路板,其包括形成—疊層2G4之多個 95557.doc -16- 1276603 層2 06至218。如圖示,對 、置主表面之一包括複數個 其他電子組件電互連的用於契 雷路柄夕礙罢一 十凸纟“未顯不’但該印刷 板之對置主表面上可具有用於投送電信號之電子線 (elecmcal traces)。根據圖4中所示實施例,多個層梅至叫 或其中任一層可包括h 4 述之…塊。通常,結塊之用量比率 足以,該結塊提供—互連網路並通常相互接觸以有效地傳 輸熱里。該互連的結塊網路在本發明中稱爲滲透式結構, 並通常可形成—骨架結構貫穿並埋置人-基質相中。通 常,該基質相係由一包括有機聚合物在内的聚合物形成。 在某些貫施例中’冑了易於加工,較佳使用一熱塑性聚合 物。根據本發明實施例,層中納人結塊有利於提高印刷電 路板之傳熱性來適合要求甚高的電子應用。 參見圖5,其顯示本發明另一實施例,其包括一微電子裝 置。在此特定實施例中,該微電子裝置300包括一呈封裝態 之半導體晶粒302,即,接合至一下層基板3〇4上之覆晶, 該下層基板係提供用於與其他微電子裝置電互連。該微電 子裝置300包括一傳熱膜310,該傳熱膜31〇包括提供於一基 質相(通常爲一聚合物,例如一樹脂)中的上述結塊。如上文 結合印刷電路板所述,該等結塊可形成一互連網路或滲透 式結構’以提咼積體電路3〇2與下層基板3 04之間的熱傳 遞。如此項技術中人們通常所瞭解,積體電路與基板之間 的電互連係藉由納入焊料凸塊306達成,其中焊料凸塊藉由 焊料回焊而分別接合至半導體晶粒之各焊墊及基板觸點 上。 95557.doc 17- 1276603 根據本發明之再-特徵,提供—包括—基質相及上述結 塊之複合結構組件。該複合結構組件可採用多種結構形式 且在具體實施例中可形成諸如硬磁碟驅動機等微電子裝置 之—組成部分。在硬磁碟驅動機之具體實例中,該組件可 爲一致動臂。 或者,該結構組件可提供一電腦外殼,如圖6中所概示。 圖6顯示一筆記型電腦4〇〇,其外殼具有兩部分4〇2及4〇4。 外殼部分402 —般界定一電腦LCD螢幕之支撐結構及背 面,而外殼部分404則封裹並保護膝上型電腦4〇〇之敏感微 電子組件並包括一底面406。該外殼較佳由一包含一基質相 及本發明實施例之結塊的複合材料製成。該基質相可爲一 、、、口構牛固的聚合物材料,例如一熱塑性聚合物。儘管圖6 中所示爲膝上型電腦,但應瞭解該外殼可構造爲適合於桌 上型電腦以及伺服器及其他計算裝置。 另外,在用於微電子裝置的多種型號的殼套或外殼中, 该結構組件可呈一電話外殼形式,以界定一電話聽筒(例如 一行動電話)之外部結構表面。 以下並非一詳盡的適宜複合結構組件之列表,可多種包 括微電子應用在内之應用提供無數種幾何構形。舉例而 言’該結構組件可呈下列形式··如美國專利第6,585,〇39號 中概述之熱管、一如第6,300,607號及第6,124,579中之複合 加熱器、一如第5,984,055號中之制動墊結構或如美國專利 第6,251,513號中之多種過電壓組件。 以下實例附帶有篩選參數供參考,除非另有說明,否則 95557.doc -18- 1276603 該等篩選參數皆基於抗拉篩孔布(tensile bolting cloth,TBC) 標準。爲了便於說明,特提供下表1來轉換TBC網目尺寸、 美國篩、微米及密耳。 表1 美國篩 TBC 抗拉篩孔布 微米 密耳 12 1680 66 14 16 1410 56 16 18 1190 47 18 22 1000 39 20 24 841 33 25 28 707 28 35 38 500 20 40 46 420 17 45 52 354 14 50 62 297 12 60 74 250 10 70 84 210 8.3 80 94 177 7.0 100 120 149 5.9 120 145 125 4.9 140 165 105 4.1 170 200 86 3.4 200 230 74 2.9 230 63 2.5 270 53 2.1 325 44 1.7 400 38 1.5 實例 實例1·在20 ksi下用一等壓將約50 lbs由粒徑不超過約 5微米之細微晶體組成的原料硼氮化物粉末壓實。然後,將 95557.doc -19- 1276603 所得材料先用一顎式破碎機再用一輥式破碎機破碎。繼而 將所得粉末篩分成細微與粗糙的結塊。對於本實例而言, 粗糙結塊係1 50微米以上而細微結塊爲4〇微米以下。篩選係 利用一裝備有 120 及 200 TBC(Tensile Bolting Cloth)篩網的 篩選器實施。將所得8 lbs 6〇%在74微米以上之材料在約 1900 C下加熱處理12小時以製得一高純度硼氮化物餅。繼 而,將該硼氮化物餅先用一顎式破碎機再用一輥式破碎機 破砰。然後將所得粉末篩分成細微與粗糙的結塊。對於本 實例而言,粗糙結塊係150微米以上而細微結塊爲15〇微米 以下。將尺寸超過150微米之結塊重新破碎,直至其處於本 實例之目標結塊尺寸範圍内,即,小於15〇微米。所得的以“ 經篩選材料中有95%介於150微米與74微米之間並具有一 約〇·50 g/cc之振貫密度。所擇顆粒(直徑125微米)之強度爲 8.2 MPa。 實例2.將約50 lbs由粒徑不超過約圾米之細微晶體组成 的原料缝化物粉末先H切碎機制^式破碎機 破砰。然後將所㈣末筛分成細微與粗糙的結塊。對於本 實例而言’粗糙結塊係i 5 〇微米以上而細微結塊係4 〇微米以 上。筛選係利用一裝備有120及2〇〇 TBC(TensUe…⑴邛 Cloth)篩網的篩選器實施。將所得5如6〇%在μ微米以下之 材料在約19崎下加熱處理12小時以製得一高純度爛氮化 物餅。將該㈣化物餅先用—顯式破碎機再用—輥式破碎 機破碎1後將所得粉㈣分成細微與粗糙的結塊。對於 本實例而言,粗縫結塊係15〇微米以上而細微結塊係15〇微 95557.doc -20 · 1276603 ^ 將尺寸超過150微米之結塊重新破碎,直至其處於 y之目標結塊尺寸範圍内’即’小於職 莖師選材料有95%介於150微米與74微米之間並具有一約 4·Γμ::之振實密度。所擇顆粒(直徑125微米)之強度爲 λΛ例3·在20 kSi下用一等壓將約100 lbS由粒徑不超過約 之細微晶體組成之原料硼氮化物壓實。將所得材料先 Z #式破碎機再用—輕式破碎機破碎。然後將所得粉末 師分成細微與粗糖的結塊。較本實例而言,粗縫結塊係 2〇〇U米以上而細微結塊係4〇微米以下。將尺寸超過200微 米之結棟重新破碎,直至其處於本實例之目標結塊尺寸範 圍内,即,小於200微米。藉由風吹分選將在破碎作業期間 製得的尺寸通常在職米以下的細微團塊及微晶與較大團 塊分離。制-裝備有_ 88及12G TBC(Tensile BGiUng c祕) 篩網之篩選器(Kason Corporation,MiUburn,N丄)篩選所得 1811以粗糙産品。將所得311^有6〇%在15〇微米以上之材料 在約1900t下加熱處理12小時以製得一高純度硼氮化物 餅。將該硼氮化物餅先用一顎式破碎機再用一輥式破碎機 破碎。然後將所得粉末篩分成細微與粗縫的結塊。對於本 實例而言,粗糙結塊係200微米以上而細微結塊係2〇〇微米 以下。所得2 lbs經篩選材料有95%介於200微米與74微米之 間並具有一約〇·5〇 g/cc之振實密度。所擇顆粒(直徑i 5〇微米) 之強度爲7.5 MPa。 於上述流程後,製備具有一作爲實例5-7於下表2中提供 95557.doc -21- 1276603 之振實密度範圍的額外樣品。另彳,製備比較性實例^2 及3來用於比#乂 j·生測5式。該等比較性實例係以一類似於上述 實例卜3之方法製備’而顯著差別在於該等比較性實例係建 立於熱處理呈圓柱狀料或堡塊形式之材料之上,而非如上 文結合本發明實施朗述的結塊粉末形式。對所有樣品皆 使用圖U示之K &傷貫施團塊強度測試。該設備由一小 荷載支架100與一可移動台11〇組成。該可移動台在x、y及z 方向上移動並藉由步進馬達(Newport PM 500 Precisi〇n n Controller)控制。將z方向移動速度設定爲2微米/ €/使用4.9 N(500克)測力計1〇2並將樣品置於高度抛光 且平行的碳化矽砧板104與1〇6之間。該台之移動藉由 ew控制。數據採集係以2〇數據點/秒之採樣速度實施 而形成0.1微米及〇·01 N之解析度。 :試用樣品係藉由從樣品組中手工挑選相同尺寸的團塊 而付到’试測單個團塊之斷裂強度。假設不規則形狀介於 -球體及-立方體之間來計算每__團塊之有效抗拉強度, 得出: a2 1.37 其中P爲斷裂荷載且α爲該結塊之直徑(尺寸)。 振實密度係依照ASTMB527-70測得。 封裝密度係藉由在一 40 Kpsi之壓力下藉由浸透Hg液體 用Hg孔隙率量測法測得。與係體積密度之量度的振實密度 相對’封裝密度表示樣品團塊之平均密度。 95557.doc -22- 1276603
E2 4.5 CE2 5.7 .35 •68 125 125 12.9 .648 8.4 1.078 6.94 S 90
上文提供具有相對高強度及經控制密度的粉末,尤其提 供特別適於熱傳導應用之高強度、低及中等密度之粉末。 另外,該等粉末可在導熱性上及結構上大體具有^向同 性。而且,本發明之實施例亦提供形成硼氮化物結塊粉末 之加工技術。該等加工技術具有高度靈活性,可有效提高 産率從而具有成本效益。儘管根據本發明實施例之粉末尤 其適用於導熱應用,例如在半導體技術中,但該等加工技 術較靈活,可用於製造適於其他應用的硼氮化物粉末。 【圖式簡單說明】 …、印此項技術者藉由爹考附圖可更好的瞭解本發明並明 瞭本發明的諸多目的、特徵及優點。 及圖1爲一流程圖,其顯示一用於形成本發明一實施例之硼 氮化物結塊粉末之特定製程。 圖2顯示六角形硼氮化物之理想晶體結構。 圖3顯示一用於表現本發明實施例之特徵的測試設備。 圖4顯示一本發明一實施例之印刷電路板的剖視圖。 95557.doc -23- 1276603 一藉助一導熱膜接合至一 圖5顯示一微電子裝置,其包括 基板的積體電路。 項 圖6顯示-裝有一本發明一實施例之外殼的膝上型電腦。 在不同圖式中,使用相同參考符號標示相似或相同的物 【主要元件符號說明】 10 破碎 12 擠壓 14 破碎 16 分選 18 燒結 20 破碎 22 分選 24 再循環 26 最終産品 D 顆粒片之直徑 Lc 顆粒厚度 100 小荷載支架 102 測力計 104 奴化碎石占板 106 化碎站板 110 可移動台 200 印刷電路板 204 疊層 95557.doc -24- 層 層 層 層 層 層 層 微電子裝置 半導體晶粒(積體電路) 下層基板 焊料凸塊 傳熱膜 筆記型電腦 外殼部分 外殼部分 底面 -25-

Claims (1)

1276603 i a Tv…τη 奉丨 十、申請專利範圍: _ ^I化物結塊粉末,其包括: 不低於約11 MPa.cc/g之團塊斷裂強度對振實密度之 比例 2. 4. 5. 6. 8. 士明求項1之粉末,其中該比例不低於約12 MPa.cc/g。 如明求項1之粉末,其中該比例不低於約13 MPa.cc/g。 明求項1之粉末,其中該比例不低於約14 MPa.cc/g。 令明求項1之粉末,其中該粉末具有一介於約2〇至1〇〇〇微 米之間之平均團塊尺寸。 如明求項1之粉末,其中該粉末具有一介於約4〇至5⑼微 米之間之平均團塊尺寸。 、,月求項1之粉末,其中該粉末具有一介於約4〇至2〇〇微 米之間之平均團塊尺寸。 如明求項1之粉末,其中該粉末具有一介於約2〇至9〇微米 之間之平均團塊尺寸。 9·如請求項1 >伞、士 . 、之杨末,其中至少6〇重量%之該粉末係處於 約40至2〇〇微米之顆粒分佈範圍内。 1 〇 ·如清求項1 ^►伞、士 、 知末’其中至少80重量%之該粉末係處於 、、、勺40至15〇微米之顆粒分佈範圍内。 11· 一種硼氮化物結塊粉末,其包括: 不低於約6.5 MPa_cc/g之斷裂強度對封|密度之比 12·如請求項u之粉末 13 ·如請求項11之粉末 其中該比例不低於約6.7 MPa.cc/g。 其中該比例不低於約6.9 MPa.cc/g。 95557.doc 12^66〇3 l4.—種微電子裝置,其包括: 產生熱量之主動式組件; 一該主動式組件與之接合的基板;及 一提供於該主動式組件與該基板之間的熱導介面材 y该熱導介面材料包含具有—不低於約μ版心之 畊裂強度對封裝密度比例的團塊。 ί5·如請求項14之微電子裝置,其中該主動式組件包括一半 導體裝置。 16. 如清求項14之微電子裝置, 專包含於一聚合物基質内的 式傳熱結構。 其中該熱導介面材料包括該 團塊,該等團塊形成一滲透 如明求項1 5之微電子裝置,纟中該比例不低於約 6.7 MPa.cc/g。 18. 一種印刷電路板,其包括: 多個層,其中至少一層包含具有一不低於約6.5 MPa.cc/g 之斷裂強度對封裝密度比例的團塊。 19.如睛求項18之印刷電路板,其進一步包括延伸穿過該等 層之電連接用導電特徵部。 20· 一種複合結構組件,其包括: 一基質相;及 具有不低於約6.5 MPa.cc/g之斷裂強度對封裝密度比例 的團塊。 21.如明求項2〇之結構組件,其中該結構組件係一微電子裝 置之元件。 " 95557.doc 1276603 22. 23. 24. 25. 26 27 28 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 如請求項20之結構組件,其中該結構組件係硬碟致動臂。 如凊求項20之結構組件,其中該結構組件係微電子裝置 外殼。 " 如明求項23之結構組件,其中該結構組件係一電腦外殼。 如請求項23之結構組件,其中該結構組件係一電話外殼。 如請求項20之結構組件,其中該結構組件係選自由一加 熱器、一熱管、一過電壓組件及一制動組件組成之群。 如請求項20之結構組件,其中該基質相包含一聚合物。 如請求項27之結構組件,其中該聚合物包括一熱塑性材 料。 如請求項20之結構組件,其中該等團塊形成一經滲透傳 熱結構。 種形成一硼氮化物結塊粉末之方法,其包括·· 提供—包含硼氮化物結塊之原料粉末,該原料粉末包 括具有—不超過約5微米之粒徑的細微晶體;及 力熱處理该原料粉末以形成一經熱處理的硼氮化物結 塊粉末。 如响求項30之方法,其中該原料粉末具有一平均晶體粒 度’該平均晶體粒度不超過5微米。 月长項3 〇之方法,其中該平均晶體粒度不超過2微米。 如請求項30之方法,其進一步包括: 使該經熱處理之硼氮化物結塊粉末經受一破碎作業。 如#求項33之方法,其中該原料粉末具有—初始粒徑範 圍且至少25重量%之經熱處理的硼氮化物粉末在破碎後 95557.doc 1276603 處於該初始粒徑範圍内。 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 如清求項33之方法,其中該經熱處理的硼氮化物粉末在 破碎作業後係按照粒徑分選。 如印求項35之方法,其中該經熱處理的硼氮化物粉末在 分選後具有一至少2〇微米之平均粒徑。 如請求項35之方法,其中該經熱處理的硼氮化物粉末在 分运後具有一介於約20微米至約1〇〇〇微米之間的粒徑分 佈。 女明求項30之方法,其中該經熱處理的硼氮化物粉末具 有一六角形晶體結構。 如請求項30之方法,其中該原料粉末包括—滿流狀晶體 結構。 :請求項30之方法,其進一步包括一按粒徑分選鬆散硼 鼠化物結塊粉末之步驟,其中該原料粉末係一部分具有 一期望粒徑範圍之硼氮化物結塊粉末。 ,月长項40之方法,其中該處於期望粒徑範圍内之原料 ;:士末夕於王邛鬆散硼氮化物結塊粉末,而鬆散硼氮化物 結塊粉末的一剩餘部分參與再次循環。 如凊求項30之方法’其中該原料粉末係藉由以下形成: 破碎—硼氮化物固體以形成-鬆散硼氮化物結塊粉 末;及 、提取-期望粒徑範圍的該鬆散錢化物結塊粉末以形 成該原料粉末。 如請求項30之方法,其中該加熱處理步驟係在一至少 95557.doc I276603 1400°C之溫度下實施。 44·如請求項43之方法,其中該溫度介於約16〇〇°C至24〇(Γ(: 之間。 45· —種形成一硼氮化物結塊粉末之方法,其包括: 提供一包含硼氮化物團塊之鬆散硼氮化物粉末; 提取一部分該硼氮化物團塊以形成一包含硼氮化物結 塊之原料粉末;及 加熱處理該原料粉末以形成一經熱處理的硼氮化物結 塊粉末。 46·如請求項45之方法,其中所提取部分符合一預期粒徑範 圍。 47. ㈣求項45之方法,其中該部分職化物團塊之提取係 藉由按照粒徑分選該鬆散硼氮化物粉末來實施。 48. 一種形成一硼氮化物結塊粉末之方法,其包括: 提供一包含删氮化物結塊之原料粉末,該原料粉末包 括湍流狀硼氮化物;及 加熱處理該原料粉末以形成一 取 t熱處理的硼氮化物結 塊粉末。 49. 如請求項48之方法,其 湍流狀硼氮化物。 中該原料粉末包括至少10重量%的 95557.doc
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US7494635B2 (en) 2009-02-24
CN1839096A (zh) 2006-09-27
WO2005021428A1 (en) 2005-03-10
US20090071695A1 (en) 2009-03-19
US20050041373A1 (en) 2005-02-24
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US7914886B2 (en) 2011-03-29
JP4662933B2 (ja) 2011-03-30
CN103086719A (zh) 2013-05-08
US8169767B2 (en) 2012-05-01
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CA2534787A1 (en) 2005-03-10

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