TW294842B - - Google Patents
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- TW294842B TW294842B TW084113746A TW84113746A TW294842B TW 294842 B TW294842 B TW 294842B TW 084113746 A TW084113746 A TW 084113746A TW 84113746 A TW84113746 A TW 84113746A TW 294842 B TW294842 B TW 294842B
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Description
A7 204842 B7 五、發明説明(I ) 〔發明領域: (誚先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係有關於多色有機發光装置及更特定地係有關 於使用於扁平板電子顯示器上的此等装置。 :發明背景〕 在現代的社會中電子顯示器在傳送訊息上是不可或缺 的且是被應用於電視機,電腦及其它的應用之中。沒有其 它的媒體可提供像它一樣的速度,多樣性及互動性。已知 的顯示器技術包括了電漿顯示器,發光二極體U E D s ),薄 膜電致發光顯示器,等等。 經濟部中央標準局—工消費合作杜印製 主要之非發光性技術應用了一類被習知為液晶 (L C s 乂 或液晶顯示器(L C D s )之有機分子的電光特性。L C D s的操作 相當的穩定但是其具有相當低的反差(c ο n t r a s t )及解析度 ,並需要相當高能量的背光(b a c k 1 i g h U n g ):動態矩陣顯 示器(a c t i v e m a t r i x d i s p 1 a y s )使用了一陣列的電晶體, 每一個電晶體都可以觸動(a c t a U n g ) —單一的L C匾素 (P i x e ])。有關於扁平面板顯示器的進展將會被持壤的達成 且亦是一相當重要的考量此電是無庸置疑的。請參見 Scientific American, 1 99 3 年三月出版第 90-97頁由 S.W . D e p p及Κ · E . Η 〇 k a r d所著標題為”扁平面板顯示器(F 1 a t
Panel D i s p 1 a y s ) ” 一文。在該文章中指出,在1 8 3 5之前 單只有扁平板顯示器一項被認為會形成一個介於4 0至5 ◦億美金的市場。對於任何一種顯示器技術而言被需要的 因子為在良好的光線水平及具競爭性&價格下提供一高解 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家搮準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 204842 ΑΊ B7 經濟部中央揉準局肩工消费合作杜印製 五、發明説明(z ) 析度全色彩的顯示器的能力。 彩色顯示器是用三種主要的顔色,即紅色(K ),綠色 (G )及Μ色(B )來操作。在使用有機薄膜材料的光發射裝置 (L E D s )來展示紅色(R ),綠色 (G )及藍色(Β )上已有相當的 進展。這些有機薄膜材料是在高度真空的條件下被沉積的 。這些技術已在全世界個地被發展且此一技術已在許多的 研究機構中被研究。 目前,最被偏好的高效率有機發光结構是被顯示在圖 式1 Α中且被稱為前技的雙雜環结構LED(doubIe heterostructure L E D )。此结構與傳統的使用像是鎵砷或' 銦硼之無機L E D ’ s非常相似〔 在圖式1 A所示的装置中,一玻璃的支撐層1 0被塗 覆一層薄的絪錫氣化物(I T 0 )層1 1 ,層1〇及1 1形成结 構8 :接下來,一薄的U 〇 Q - 5 ϋ Q A )有機的,主要的電洞傳 送層(Η T L ) 1 2被沉積於該I T G層1 ]上:被沉積於該Η T L層 ]2的表面上的是一薄的(典型地為δ G A - 1 Q Q A )光發射層 (E L )。如果這些層太薄的話該薄膜可能會缺乏連續性,而 較厚的薄膜會有一需要較高的電能來操作之内電阻:該光 發射層(E L ) 1 3绐從一具有來自於該Η T L層1 2的電洞之厚 度為 1 0 D - 5 D 0 Α的電子傳送層1 4處被射入的電子提供了 重新结合的地方。該Ε Τ ί材料的特徵在於其比電洞的流動性 高很多的電子。前技之E T L,E L及Η T L材料的例子為被揭示 於在1 9 9 4年三月1 5日被授予T a n g等/人之標題為”有機電致 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) I --------裝------訂------^ (#-先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(h ) 發光的多色影像顯示裝置(0 r g a n i c Electroluminescent Multicolor Image Display Device)”之美國專利第 5,2 3 4 , 8 7 0 號中: 通常,該E L層1 3會被摻雜一高螢光性的顔料以調整 顔色並增加該L E D之電致發光的效率。被展示於圖式]A中 的装置是藉由沉積金屬接點1 5 ,1 6及上電極1 7而被 完成的。金屬接點1 5及1 6典型地是由絪或錫/鉑/金 所製成的。電極1 7通常為一包含了一直接與該有楗的ETL 層1 4相接點之合金譬如像是鎂/銀層1 7 ’及一在該鎂 /銀層上之厚的,高功函數材料層1 7 ’ ’譬如像是金 ’ (A u ) 或銀 (A g )之雙層结構:該厚的金屬1 7 ’’是不導 電的。當適當的偏壓被施加於上電極1 7與接點1 5 ,1 6之間時,光的發射會經由該玻璃结構1 0產生。——種圖 式]A中之 L E D典型地依據發光的顔色及其结構而具有從 百分之〔!. Q 5至百分之4之冷光的外部的量子效率 (luminescent external quantum efficiencies).: 另一種有機的發光结構為被顯示於圖式1 B中且被稱 為前技之一單一的雜環结構:此结構與圖式1 A中之结構 相較其不同處在於該E L層1 3亦作為一 E T L層之用而去掉了 圖式1 A中之ETL層1 4 :然而,圖式1 B中之装置,為了 有效率的操作,其必需结合一具有良好的電子傳送能力的 E L 層1 3 ,否則的話一個別的E T L層1 4必需被包括,就 像圖式1 A中所示的裝置一般。 / 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X29»7公釐) 1^1 t f 1^1^1 —^m ^nn nn . ^in mu --< n^i— i (誚先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Μ Β7五、發明説明(+ ) 的 色 綠 在 是 的 高 最 率 效 到 察 觀 被 前 巨 者 甚 中 常這 非 及 層 的機 早有 較的 些體 這 晶 ο 多 到度 達 高 被或 已的 壓ΘΘΗ 電结 動非 驅用 的使 特是 伏果 ο 成 1 的 至途 3 前 ’ 有 即發 亦態 ’ 狀 性體 動 晶 流多 的該 膜從 薄體 該 晶 過 」 越壓 體 電 較 動 ^3. 33 荷驅 電 了 了 古间 制提 限 並 地流 疑 電 無了 構制 结限 些 ’ 電 Ο 式 模 的 敗 失 之 。 述制 陳機 被的 一 敗 之失 置 之 裝 述 等陳 該被 為 I 長為 成亦 及減 移衰 漂點 之接 生極 另
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彼 D 受 接 可 置 I 裝 每/個 被 間 之 此 個 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉率(CNS ) Α4洗格(210Χ297公釐) 經濟部中央揉準局負工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(k ) 的偏動電位能而透過此疊層發光-〔圖式簡要說明〕 圖式1 A為依據前技的一典型的有機雙雜環结構發光裝 置(L E D )的一截面圖: 圖式1 B為依據前技的一典型的有楗單雜環结構發光装 置(L E D )的一截面圖。 圖式1 C為依據前技的一習知的有機單雜環结構發光裝 置(L E D )的一截面圖。 圖式2A ,2B及2C個別地為依據本發明之不同的 實施例之一應用了晶體有機發光装置(L E D ’ s )之被整合的三 個顏色圖素之截面圖: 圖式3 — 1 1展示了多種有機化合物其可被使用Μ組 成用來產生不同顏色之主動發射層(a c t i ν e emission layer)': _式1 2 ( A — E I展示出一用來製造依據本發明= 多色L E D之用之陰影光罩 (s h a d ο κ m a s k i n g )的程序: 圖式1 3 i A - F )展示出一用來製造依據本發明之 多色L E I)之用之乾式蝕刻的程序 圖式1 4 A展示出本發明之一實施例的一多色L £ D,其 被建構成便於其本身構裝(P a c k a g 1 n g ): 圖式1 4 B展示出本發明之另一實施例的一密封的構 裝之一截面圖。 圖式1 4 C為沿著圖式1 4 B中/之線1 4 c 一 1 4 c 本紙張尺度適用中困國家揉準(CNS ) A4规格(2丨0X297公釐) . 裝 訂^ (許先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(Ί) 所取之一剖面圖: 圖式1 5為一方塊圖其展示出應用了本發明之LED装置 之R G B顯示器及顯示器装置電路。 圖式1 6顯示出本發明之另一實施例的一-L E D裝置,其 將被層叠的L E D ’ s的數目延伸至N,其中N為一整數1 ,2 ,3 , · . · N c :最佳實施例詳细說明〕 圖式1 A已被說明過了且其為一前技之雙雜環结構有 楗發光装置。就如同將要被說明的,圖式1 A中之裝置的 基本结構被使用於本發明中「 經濟部中央梂準局—工消費合作社印製 (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 現參照圖式2 A ,其展示出在本發明的一踅施例中之 一高度集積it的紅綠M ( R G B )圖素结構的一示意的剖面圖, 該圖素结構是藉由長晶沉積的(g r 〇 w n d e ρ 〇 s 11 e d )或真空沉 積的有機層而被施行的:在本發明的一實施例中,跟據在 許多材料上ί包括金屬及I T 0 )生長有楗材料的能力,吾人 可建構一叠被標號為2; 0 ,2 1及2 2之L E D雙雜環结構 (D Κ ) |:作為舉例的目的,L E D 2 0為該疊層的底部,L E D 2 1為該疊層的一中間部分,L E U 2 2為該疊層的一頂部,就 如在圖式2 Α所示的例子:同時,在圖式2 Α中該層疊被 顯示為其被垂直地定向,但L E D可被另外地定向:在其它的 賁施例中,一叠單雜環结構(S H U E D ’ s I:見圖式1 B ),或 一叠聚合物基的L E D装置(見圖式1 C ),都是該D Η LED’s 可能的替代结構,而該等S Η装置就像D Η裝置對於光 一 1 0 - 本紙張尺度適用中Η國家揉準(CNS〉Α4洗格(210 X 29"?公嫠) 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印製 kl B7 五、發明説明(?) 發射器 U 1 g h t e m i U, e r s ) —般同等的可能。而且,包含了 真空殺積的材料及聚合的發光材料的一組合之S Η及D Η被認 為是在本發明的機精神與範圍之内。 像裝置2 0之每一個裝置结構包括了一被真空沉積或 被長晶於或Κ其它的方法被沉積於一 I Τ 0層3 5的表面上之 HTL 層2 Ο Η。一上E T L層2 Ο Τ將一 E L層2 Ο Ε夾於該E T L 層2 Q 丁與Η T L層2 Ο Η之間,舉例而言就像被顯示於圖式2 Α中之装置的構造一樣。該E T L層2 ΰ Τ與其它將被描述的 ETL層是由像是M(8- 基喹啉)(M =金屬離子;n = 2- 4)之有機 材料所構成的。其它合適的有機E T L材料的例子可在授予 . T a n g等人之美國專利第 δ , 2 9 4,8 7 D號中被找到:被形成在 該E T L層2 G Τ之上的為一薄的,但透明的低功函數(最好是 小於4 !的金屬層2 6 Μ >其具有一典型地小於5 Ο Α的 厚度:該金屬層之適當的候選者包括了鎂,鎂/銀,及砷 :被沉積於該金属層2 6 Μ之上的為另一透明的,薄的導 電 I Τ 0層2 6 I :(在本文中為了方便起見,該金屬層2 6 Μ與該I Τ 0層2 6 I之雙層结構被稱為I Τ 0 /金鼷層2 6 :)該雙雜環结構装置的每一者,如20 ,2 1及22 , 具有一被形成於一透明的導地層I 了 0 2 6 I或3 5上之一 底H T L層接下來,一 E T L層被沉積及随後另一 E T L層被沉 積: HTL層,ETL層,1Τ0層,金屬層及有機EL層的每一層 因為它們的組成及薄的厚度的關係,所Μ都是透明的。每 一層HTL 層的厚度可為50 — 1 Ο0ΟΑ ;每一層EL層的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4洗格(210 X 297公釐) i . 訂 知 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 五、發明説明( ο 5 為 可 度 厚 A ο 〇 〇 A 〇 ο ο ο 4 A7 B7 〇 5 為 可 度 厚 的 層 ο 5 為 可 度 厚 L 的 ΕΤΜ 層 6 1 2 每層 ; 屬 Α 金 ο 層ο 1 2 每 6 2 層 的 S 的 tt 4月 性 的 佳 最 ο7 IT為 層 : i A 每 ο 及 ο 〇 〇 TA 為 可 度 厚 勺 白 5 3 與 每 的 層 些 這 最 的 中 圍 範 的 述 上 HJ 它 在 持 保 被 D E 是 L 好個 最 一 層每 此 因 c 上 度 厚 2 2R T—Η 2 ο 2 是 好 最 外 除 層 屬 金 佳 最 為 度 厚 E 的 L A Η o s o 果 2 如 近 接 置 裝 HF TFT' 而 供 提 來 用 被 置 装 單 一 被 是 層 L Ε 該 及 層 ,—1 Τ Ε 該 時 2 2 Γ-Ή 2 ο 2 的被 中 是 構這 结 : SH鹽 之 啉 中 喹 Β - 1is 式為 圖地 之型 述典 描 3 被 1 面 層 前 該 在 C 是供 像提 如所 譬 ’ ’ 3 層 1—_ 的層 中 T B E 2 了 式供 圖提 在地 抶別 顯個 E 2 2 E TX 2 E ο 2 層 L E 中 其 A 2 式 1 而 然 tt 功 的 者 兩 層 -—一 E 該 及 層 優效 個的 一 高 的有 層 又 叠而 FD度 L厚 SH構 之 结 中總 B 的 2 厚 式 較 圖許 於 容 較 層 相叠 I1ED 疊L D Ε Η L D 丨 該 D , 之 為 : 中點率
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、1T 經濟部中央標準局—工消費合作社印製 地 略 概 束 光 總 ,D的 LE線 個光 1 的 每置 然 裝 雖個 , 1 中 每 B 白 2 來 及 是 A 但 2 ’ 式來 圖開 在離 偏 被 2 ο 2 構 结 的 心 中 ,D同 LE成 在是 束 光 些 這 然 隹 起 1 在 合 被 間 之 2 2 及 或 的 光 發 該 之 質 基 璃 玻 亥 ^; 口 近 靠 較 是 但 或 ο 中 置 2 同 裝體被 光極可 發 二其 該等 地 之 該 性 質, 代 基而,替 璃然M/ 玻。離 該的偏 離明此 遠透彼 步是 被 1 會 要 進將需 ί·古〇 不 對而並 置置 2 裝裝 2 的光及 光發 1 發等 2 非該 , 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) 格(210 X 29"7公釐) 經濟部中央標準局—工消费合作杜印裂 A7 B7 五、發明説明(,〇 ) 心地彼此層®起來,而來自每一個装置之光束將會完全地 與其它的光束重叠起來。一同中心的结構被顯示於圖式1 2 E中其在下文中將會Μ與装置的製造程序相關的被說明 :應被瞭解的是偏離的構造與同中心的構造兩者間在功能 上並沒有差別。每一個装置概略地Μ —種全方向的方式透 過該玻璃基質3 7發射光線。跨越在層叠2 9中之三個 LED’s 的電壓是受控制的用Μ提供一被需要的合成的發光 顏色及在任何時間特定的圖素的亮度。因此,每一個L E D 2 2 ,2 1及2 0 *舉例而言,可個別地被紅,綠及藍色光 束同時地充電,及被導引通過該等透明層及經由該等透明 層可被見到,就如在圖式2 Α及2 Β中所示的:D Η结構的 每一者2 0 ,2 1及2 2在被施加一適當的偏壓後可以發 射出不同言色的光。該雙雜環结構L E D 2 0發射Μ色光。該 雙雜環结構LED2 1發射綠色光而該雙雜環结構(DH)LED2 2發射紅色光:L E D ’ s 2 0 ,2 1及2 2之不同的組合或個 別的L E D可被觸動(a c t 1 ν a t e d ) Μ選擇性地對於個別的圖素 獲得所需要之色光,其部分是與LED’s2 0 ,2 1及2 2每 一者上之電流磁場有關: 在圖式2 A及2 b的例子中,L E D ’ s 2 0 ,2 1及2 2 個別地被電池3 2 ,3 1及3 0施加順向偏壓。從電池3 2 ,3 1及3 0的正極端流出之電流經由每個各別的裝置 上的那些層而個別地進入到其個別地與L E D ’ s 2 0 ,2 1及 22相接的陽極端40,41 ,42/,且該電流從作為陰 -1 3 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家棣準(CNS ) A4说格(210X297公釐) . 裝 訂 ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Α7 2ϋ4842 Β7 五、發明説明(Λ ) 極端之21 ,21及43個別地流至電池32 ,31 ,3 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 0的負極端。其结果為,光從L E D ’ s 2〇,2 1及2 2的每 一者中被發射出來。該等L E D ’ s 2 0 ,2 1及2 2被作成可 選擇性地被包括了可選擇性地將電池3 2 ,3 1及3 0個 別地切換成與其涸別的L E D相連接或不相連接之機構(未示 出)所充電。 在本發明之與圖式2 A及2 B相關的實施例中,LED2 2之上I T 0接點2 6 I是透明的,其使得該三色裝置對於抬 頭顯示器的應用顯得有用處。然而,在本發明之其它的簧 施例中,該上接點26 I是由一薄的金屬,譬如像是鎂/ 銀,絪,銀,或金所製成的,用Μ將被向上發射的光反射 回來經過該基質1 3 ,Μ實質上增加該裝置的效率。同時 ,整體裝置效率藉由形成一多層電雙極薄膜塗覆物於玻璃 基質3 7及I Τ 0層3 5之間Μ提供一反一反射表面,而被增 加。三組反反射層是被需要的,Μ形成一在每一涸從不同 的層被發射出來的波長處形成一反反射塗覆物。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 在另一個賁施例中,圖式2 Α中之裝置Κ 一相反的或 倒轉的方式被建構,以提供光從該層叠的上方發射出去而 不是如前所述的由底部發射出去。一相反结構的一個例子 ,請參照圖式2 C ,是將I T 0層3 5 Μ —厚的,有反射器的 金屬層3 8來取代。藍色L E D 2 0是藉由Η T L層2 Ο Η與E T L 層2 G Τ的互換,而E L層2 Ο Ε則維持著被該兩層夾於其間 ,而被提供的。甚者,該金屬接點層/2 6 Μ現在則被置於 -1 4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印裂 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明() 該ITO層2 6 I之上。該層叠之綠色LED2 1及紅色LED2 2 的部分都是用顛倒的層被建構的(Η T L層及E L層被互換,接 著將金屬層與I Τ 0層顚倒過來),就如同被描述之顛倒的藍 色L E D 2 0 —樣。應被瞭解的是在顛倒的结構中,該Μ色裝 置2 0必需在頂面及該紅色裝置2 2則必需在底面。同時 ,該等電池3 2 ,3 1及3 0的極性亦被倒轉。其结果為 ,當用於發光的順向偏壓被施加時,個別流經裝置2 0 , 2 1及2 2的電流是與圖式2Α中之電流方向相反的。 在此例子中,剖面圖中的該裝置具有一步階狀或樓梯 的外形。該等透明的接點區(I Τ 0 ) 2 6 I容許在該層_ 曼中之每一個圖素元件之分開來的偏壓(biasing)且甚者其 材料在處理的程序過程中可被用作一蝕刻步驟。每一個D Η L E D結構2 0 ,2 1及2 2之分開來的偏壓容許該圖素輸出 之波長調整至可見光譜之任何所想要的顏色,該可見光譜 是由 CIE (Commission Internationale d e 1 ’Eel airage/International Commission of I 1 1 u nu n a t i ο n )之色度標準所定義的:該M色發光L E D 2〇 是被置於該層壘(s t a c k )的底部且其為三個装置中最大的一 個。藍色在底下是因為其對於綠色光及红色光而言是透明 的。最後,使用該透明的I T Q /金鼷層2 6之該等材料的〃 分割",如將被描述的,可方便此装置之製造。與有機化 合物有關之真空生長及製造程序之非常獨特的性質使得被 顯示於圖式2A,2B及2C中之圖/素L E D裝置成為可能。 -1 5 - 本紙張A度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4说格(210Χ:297公羡) -I-----I---- . _ _ _ _ _ _ τ _ _ _ ____ u^. (請先W讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(β) 顯示於圖式2 A ,2B及2C中之垂直的堆叠容許三種顔 色圖素K最小可能的面積來製造,因而,使得這些圖素成 為理想之高清晰度的顯示器。 如在圖式2 A ,2 B及2 C中被見到的,每一個D Η结 構2 0 ,2 1及2 2個別地可發射被箭頭Β ,G及R所標 記的光線,它們可同時被發射或被分別地發射。應被瞭解 的是,該被發轍的光線是概略地來自於每一個L E D装置2 ◦ ,2 1及2 2之整個横軸部分(transverse portion),因 此箭頭R ,G及B並不代表實際上被發射光線的寬度。K 此方式,R ,G及B顔色之增減是由眼睛所整合的以造成 被感官所感覺之不同的顏色及色彩:這在彩色視決及色彩 顯示的領域中是為人所習知的。在被顯示之偏離的结構中 ,紅色,綠色及Μ色光束是概略地合在一起:如果該等裝 置被作得夠小的話,亦即大约5 0撤米或更小,許多顔色 中的任何一種顔色都可從該層叠中被製造出來:然而,該 顔色將會看起來像是從一單一的圖素中發射出來的顏色 經濟部中央樣隼局貝工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 被使甩在該等D Η结構中有機材料是以一種材料生長在 另一種材料之上的方式或是將液長最長之紅色光的装置2 2 Μ垂直堆叠的方式叠於上面而波長最短的Μ色光的装置 2 0叠於底下而被形成。Μ此種方式,吾人將在在該圖素 中或在該等裝置中之光線的吸收加Μ最小量化。該等D Η L E D裝置的每一者都被I Τ 0 /金鼷層2 6所隔離開來(特別是 ,半透明的金屬層2 6Μ,及銦錫氧/化物層2 6 I )。該 -1 6 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家橾準(CNS ) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) A7 B7 經濟部中央揉準局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明説明(A) ITO層2 6 I可進一步以金靥沉積來加Μ處理Μ在被暴露的 ΙΤΟ層表面形成不同接點區,譬如像是接處40 ,4 1 ,4 2及43。這些接點40 ,4 1 ,42及43是以絪,鉑 ,金,銀等金屬或Μ,舉例而言,像是錫/鉑/金,鉻/ 金或鎂/銀等合金來製成的。Κ傳統的金屬沉積或氣體沉 積來澱積該等接點的技術是習知的。這些接點,譬如像是 40 ,41 ,42及43 ,使得在該層叠中之每一個 LED 之個典的偏壓是可能的。介於有機L E D材料與透明的電極2 6 I之間之顯著的化學差異使得該電極可做為蝕刻终止層 。這容許在裝處理期間之每一個圖素元件之選擇性蝕刻及 選擇性的暴露。 每一個L E D 2 0 ,2 1及2 2都有其自己的偏壓電位源 ,在此例子中,其被個別地且被示意地顯示為電池3 2 , 3 1及3 0 ,這些電池使得每一個裝置都可Μ發射光線。 應被瞭解的是,適當的訊號可被使用Μ個別地代替電池3 2 ,3 1及3 ◦:如已被知嘵的,該L E D需要最小的門檻電 壓(threshold volt, age)來發射光線(每一個DH LED)及因 而此一觸動電壓(a c 1: i \’ a t. i n g v ο 1 t a g e )是被電池記號所圖 形的顯示出來。 該等E L層2 0 E ,2 1 E及2 2 E可依據它們產生所 有主要顏色及這些主要顏色之中間的顔色的能力而從有機 化合物中被選取。這些有機化合物通常是從三價金鼷喹琳 鹽錯合物,三價金靥橋喹琳鹽錯合物/,史提夫氏鹼(Schiff -1 7 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝-
-1T 级 本紙張逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局—工消費合作.杜印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) base)二價金屬錯合物,錫(iv)金屬錯合物,金屬丙嗣酸鹽 錯合物,金屬雙配位基(bidentate)结合子錯合物,雙磷酸 鹽類,二價金屬順丁烯腈二硫錯合物,分子價數轉移錯合 物,芳香性及雜環性聚合物類及稀土金屬混合的箝合物, 中被選取的,這些有機化合物將在下文中被描述。 該三價金屬喹琳鹽錯合物是由圖式3中化學结構式來 表示的,其中Μ是從週期表的3 - 1 3族及鑭系中被選取 之三價金属離子。A1 + 3 ,Ga + 3及】η+3是較佳 的三價金屬離子。 圖式3中的R包括了氫,經取代的及未經取代的烷基 ,芳基及雜環基。該烷基可Μ是直鐽或是分支鐽及最好是 具有1 - 8個碳原子。適當的玩烷基的例子為甲基與乙基 。該芳基較佳地為苯基及R的雜環基的例子包括Κ啶基, 眯唑,呋喃及噻吩。 R之烷基,芳基及雜環基可用從芳基,鹵素,氰基及 烷氧基,最好是具有1 - 8個碳原子,中被選取的至少一 個取代物所取代。偏好的是鹵素及氯7圖式3中的L代表 一结合子其包括吡啶甲基甲基嗣,經取代的及未經取代的 水楊醯醛(例如,水楊醯醛被吧比妥酸所取代:),化學式 為R (0) C0_的一族,其中R就如在上中被定義的, 鹵素,化學式為R ◦—的一族,其中R就如在上中被定義 的,及喹琳鹽(例如,8 -羥基喹琳)及喹琳鹽的衍生物 (例如,吧比妥酸取代的喹m鹽)。/k顯示於圖式3中之 -1 8 ~ 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) "T . 裝 訂 ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 經濟部中央揉準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明 (, 1 1 i 化 學 式 所 函 蓋 之 較 佳 的 錯 合 物 是 那 jit Μ 為 G a + 3 及 L 為 1 1 1 氯 者 C- 這 lib 化 合 物 產 生 一 Μ 色 光 的 發 射 物 C 當 Μ 是 為 G a 1 1 1 + 3 及 L 是 羧 酸 甲 酷 時 會 發 射 Μ 至 Μ / 氯 光 Ιε 圍 之 錯 合 請 λ I 1 閱 物 即 被 產 生 0 _. 黃 色 或 紅 色 光 的 發 射 物 是 II 由 使 用 一 吧 比 讀 i I ri ί? 1 I 妥 酸 取 代 的 水 楊 醯 醛 或 一 吧 比 妥 酸 取 代 的 8 — 羥 基 喹 谢 來 之 I 注 1 作 為 L 基 而 被 製 造 的 C. 意 事 1 項 1 可 被 應 用 於 本 發 明 中 之 該 二 價 金 屬 橋 喹 鹽 錯 合 物 被 再 4 , % 裝 1 顯 示 於 圖 式 4 A 及 4 Β 中 G 這 J±b 錯 合 物 產 生 绿 色 發 光 物 且 本 頁 與 被 使 用 於 前 技 裝 置 中 之 二 唼 硏 鹽 ( 即 圖 式 3 中 之 L 為 1 I 一 喹 硏 m 的 錯 合 物 ) 相 較 具 有 較 佳 的 環 境 穩 定 性 〇 被 使 用" 1 1 I 於 這 lit 錯 合 物 中 之 二 價 金 屬 離 子 為 如 在 上 文 中 所 疋 義 的 而 1 1 較 佳 的 離 子 為 A 3 G a + 3 或 1 η 3 被 顯 示 於 1 丁 1 圖 式 4 A 中 之 Z 基 具 有 一 S R 的 化 學 式 其 中 R 就 如 同 在 1 I 上 文 中 所 定 義 的 C Z 可 Μ a 化 學 式 為 Ρ = 〇 其 形 成 — 磷 酸 1 1 1 鹽 1 1 該 史 提 夫 氏 驗 (S c h iff b a s e )二 二價金屬錯合物包括那些 Ρκ 1 被 顯 示 於 圖 式 5 A 及 5 Β 中 者 其 中 Μ 1 為 —· 從 週 期 表 2 1 I — 1 2 族 中 選 取 之 二 價 金 屬 較 佳 地 為 多辛 ( 見 Υ . Η ο η d a 等 1 I 人 在 曰 本 應 用 物 理 期 刊 Jr-A- 弟 2 2 期 弟 L5 11 -L 5 1 3頁 1 9 9 3 )所發 1 I 表 之 // 在 Αχ 0 ΪΓ e t hi η的薄膜中之Μ色電致發光〃 -文, R 1 1 1 基 團 較 佳 地 是 經 由 毗 啶 基 團 胺 或 氮 而 被 整 合 ( 1 I C 0 or d i n a t e d) 至 該 錯 合 物 的 金 屬 上 C X Β 從 氫 院 基 院 1 1 氧 基 它 們 每 一 個 都 具 有 1 — 8 個 子 芳 基 雜 環 基 1 1 - 19 - 1 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(J ) ,膦基,鹵化物及胺中被選取的=較佳的芳基為苯基及較 佳的雜環基是從吡啶基團,眯唑,呋喃及噬吩中被選取的 。該X基團對該史提夫氏鹼(s c h 1 f f b a s e )二價金屬錯合物 在有機溶劑中的溶解性有影饗:被顯示在圖式5 B中之該 史提夫氏鹼(Sc h iff base)二價金屬錯合物發射5 2 0 n m 的波長。 被使用在本發明中之E L層中之錫(i v )金屬錯合物產生 綠光。被包括在此等錯合物中者是那些具有SnL1 2 L 2 2者其中L 1是從水楊醯醛,水楊酸,或喹琳鹽(例如 ,8 —羥基喹琳)中被選取的。L2包括了除了氫之外之 所有先前被定義為R者。舉例而言,該等錫(1 γ )金鼷錯合 物,其中L1為一喹琳鹽及L2為苯基,具有一 5〇4n τη之發射汲長(λ e m ),該波長是來自該光致發光物在固 體狀態時之測量的结果。 該錫(1 v )金屬錯合物亦包括那些具有圖釋中之化學式 者,其中Y是硫或N R 2 ,其中R 2是從氫及涇取代的或 未經取代的烷基及芳基中選取的該垸基可Μ是直鐽或是 分支鏈且較佳地具有1 一 8個碳原子較佳的芳基為苯基 :該烷基及芳基的取代物包括了具有1 一 8個碳原子之烷 基及烷氧基,氰基及鹵素、L 3可以是從烷基,芳基,鹵 化物,喹硏鹽(例如,8 —羥基喹硏,水楊酸醛基,水 楊酸,及順丁烯二醯腈二硫酸(” m n t ”)中被選取者。當Α是 S及Y是C N及L 3是” m n t ”時,介於\红色與橘色之間的光 -2 0 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4C格(210X297公釐) 訂-^, (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7
7 B \—/ ?< /{\明説明發 、五 鹽 酸 _ 丙 基 m 乙 Μ 之 中 的 7 待式 期圖 被在 可 是 生 產 可 物 合 錯 鑭 ’ 及 3 族 + 3 _~. 1 A - 為 3 子 之 離 表屬 期金 週的 從佳 是較 Μ ο 子的 離取 屬選 金被 該中 屬 光金 的價 色 三 Μ 的 一 系 的 同 I 相 及 是 3 義 + 定 a 的 G 基 η R 地 之別 中個 3 Μ 式及 圖 , 與基 基苯 R 是 之 R 中 當 7 , 式 ^3 圖而 在例 , 舉 3 C + 固 4 在 ’ 其nm , 5 時 1 者 4 取為 選地 中 別 3 個 + 長 η 波 I的 及得 3 獲 + 所 a 量 G 測 ’ 的 3 光 + 發 1 致 A光 從 的 是態 5 4 Π 7 5 4 3 3 置 装 _ 光 ο 發 3 致 第 電 期機 2 有 9 之 見 頁 文 第 期 物 合 化 與 金 合 在 人 等 系 蘭 用 使 之 表 發 所 ..--.. 3 9 9 產 地 略 概 物 合 錯 基 位 配 雙 屬 金 該 之 中 明 發 本 於 用 使光 被色 藍 生 期金 週的 從 佳 是 較 Μ -中的 其 取 式選 學 被 化中 的屬 2 金 4 價 L 三 D 的 M¾ 有鑭 具 及 物族 合 3 錯 1 等 I 此 3 之 表 D 中 : A 3 8 + 式 C 圖 S 於 及 示 3 展 + 被 η 子 I 曆 , 的 3 子 + 合 a 结 G 此 3 子 + 合 ] 结 A 基 為 位 子配 離 雙 ®為 --------^.— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央揉準局—工消费合作杜印製 類 - 酮 2 啶 了ft 舌 包基 D 氧 子苯 合 I 结 ο 基 ί 位 I 配 2 雙 及 該画 ’ 基 地哪 定喹 特 I 更 2 基 甲 啶 .L—> 式 圖 中 其 it R 3 R ο 鹽 酸 丙 者 基 義醯 定 乙 被 了 中括 文 包 上 團 在基 D 勺 5 & 就佳 R 較 之 4 中 L A 8 從 是 -R 5 及 , 的 3 取 ; 選的 中,¾ C ^ ’ 中 •1 圑 S 基 從的 是 同 3 相 R 團 中基 其的 物述 合 描 ib所 之 中 式文 學上 二 與 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 五、發明説明(d ) t— bu)酿;2,6 —二(t — bu)酿;2,6 —二 (t — b u )甲酚;及H 2 B p z 2中選取的,後面的那 些化合物個別地被展示於圖式8 B — 8 E中。 作為舉例的目的,(啶甲基甲基酮)雙〔2 ,6 — 二(t 一 b u )苯氧化〕鋁其在固態的光致發光的測量所 獲得的波長為4 2〇n m。上述化合物之c r e s ο Γ衍生物亦 被測得4 2 0 n m的波長。該鋁(吡啶甲基甲基酮)雙( 0 S i P h 3 )及(4 -甲氧基(Dtt啶甲基甲基酮)雙( 乙醯基丙_酸)钪兩者都被測得4 3 3 n m的波長,而〔 2 — (〇 —苯氧基)毗啶:雙〔2,6 - 二(t — bu) 苯氧化〕鋁被測得4 5 0 n m的波長。 雙膦酸鹽化合物為另一類可被使用作為依據本發明之 E L層的化合物。該雙膦酸鹽可被下面的通式所代表: M2, (03P-〇rganic-P03) y 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Μ 2為一金屬離子:其為四價金屬離子(例如,Z r + 4 ,丁 i + 4及H f + 4 )其中x ,y都等於1 :當X 是3及Y是2時,該Μ 2是在三價狀態且包括了,譬如, Ζ η + 2 ,C u + 2及C d + 2 :被使用於上述ib學式中 之〃有機〃 一詞代表任何可Μ膦酸鹽予Μ雙重官能基化的 芳香性或雜環螢光性化合物。 較佳之雙膦酸鹽化合物類包括如/圖式9Α及9Β中所 -2 2 - 本紙張尺度遑用中國國家樣率(CNS ) Α4規格(2iOX297公釐) A7 ^04842 B7 五、發明説明(W) 示之雙膦酸亞乙烯基次苯基酷。更特定地,圖式9 A展示 Θ -苯乙烯基雙膦酸酯而圖式9B展示4 ,4’ 一二苯基 二(乙烯基膦酸酯)其中R如在上文中所描述者及R4是 從經取代的及未經取代的最好具有1 一 8個碳原子之烷基 ,及芳基中選取的。該較佳的烷基為甲基及乙基。較佳的 芳基為苯基。該烷基與芳基之偏好的取代物包括從芳基, 鹵素,氰基及烷氧基,最好是具有1 一 8個碳原子,中被 選取的至少一個取代物。 該二價金屬順丁烯二醯腈二硫酸(” m n t ”)錯合物具有 如圖式1 0中所示之结構式。該二價金屬離子Μ 3包括所 有具有+ 2價的金屬離子偏好的是過渡金屬離子譬如像是 P t + 2 ,Zn+2及Pd+2 。丫1是從氰基及經取代 的及未經取代的苯基中選取的。苯基偏好的取代物是從烷 基,氰基氯及1 ,2 ,2 —三氰乙烯基中所選取的: L =代表了 一沒有代電荷的基團:L Ξ偏好的基團包 括P (OR) 3及P ( R ) 3其中R為上文中所定義的或 L Ξ可Κ是一鱉合性结合子,舉例而言像是,2 ,2 ’ — 二ft啶;苯基憩5ft ; 1 ,5 -環辛二晞;或雙(二苯基膦 )甲院 這些化合物之不同的组合之發光波長的說明性例子被 展示於表1中,這是引自C _ E _ J 〇 h n s ο η等人在美國化學協 會期刊第1 0 5期1 7 9 5頁(1 9 8 3)所發表之〃發 冷光的銥(I ),铑(I ),及鉑(Λ I ) D i t h i ο 1 a t e化 -2 3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) J 裝 訂 ^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梂準局負工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 經濟部中央標隼局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明) 合物〃 一文。 表 1 化合物 波長 銷(1,5 —環辛二歸)(mnt) 5 6 0 n in 鉑(P(〇ET)3)2(mnt) 566nm ifi(P(0Ph)3 )2 (rant.) 6 0 5 n m 鉑雙(二苯基膦)甲烷 6 10 n m IS(〇Ph3 ) z (mnt.) 6 5 2 n m *波長是在固態的光致發光的測量中所獲得的- 被使用作為本發明中之E L層之原子電荷轉換錯合物的 是那些包括了一電子受體结構與一電子施體结構相錯合者 _圖式1 1 A — 1 1 E展示出許多適當之電子受體其可與 被展示於圖式1 1 F _ 1 1 J中之電子受體结構之一者相 錯合Η形成一電荷轉換錯合物 在圖式1 1 A及1 1 Η中 所示之R基與上文中所描述者相同·: 這些電子轉換材料的薄膜是藉由將施體及受體原子從 分開來的cell上蒸鍍(evaporating)至基質上,或是直接將 預先被製造的電荷轉換錯合物加Μ蒸鍍而被製備的該冷 光波長的範圍可從紅色至藍色,其要視受體是與那一個施 體相结合。 / -2 4 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家梂準(CNS ) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1^ 裝 訂 ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梂準局—工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(,) 在固態時為萤光性之芳香族與雜環性化合物之聚合物 可被使用作為本發明之E L層。此等聚合物可被用來產生許 多有顔色的冷光。表I I提供了適當之聚合物的例子及與 它們相關之冷光的顔色:
表I I 聚 合物 冷 光 顔 色 聚 (對一 次 苯 基 亞 乙 烯基) Μ 色 至 綠 色 聚 (二烷 氧 基 次 苯 基 亞乙烯基) 紅 色 / 橘 色 聚 (噻吩 ) 紅 色 聚 (次苯 基 ) Μ 色 聚 (苯基 亞 乙 _ 基 ) -*=»- M 色 至 紅 色 聚 (Ν - 乙 烯 基 卡 哩 基) 藍 色 使用於本發明中之稀土混合的鰲合劑包括了被结合至 一雙配位基芳香族或雜環性结合子之任何鑭系元素(亦即 ,鑭,鐃,钕,釤,銪,及铽)-該雙配位基结合子是作 為傳送載體(亦即·電子)之用但並不會吸收該冷光的能 量。因此,該雙配位基结合子是用來將能量傳送至金屬 之用:在稀土混合的鱉合劑中之结合子的例子包括了水楊 醛類及其衍生物,水楊酸,喹琳鹽,史提夫氏鹼(S c h i f f base) 结合子,乙醯基丙酮酸酯,苯基嗯咐,二Dtt啶,喹 硏及ftt唯σ 丨 -2 5- 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4说格(210Χ297公釐) 1^ . 訂^' (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 五、發明説明( A7 B7 酸至 膦 Η 一 2 括 2 包及 可Η Η 1 2 2 2 ’ 及 Η Η ο 1 2 2 層 ’ 送 Η 傳 ο 洞 2 電 層該 送 ’ 傳外 洞此 電 。 該物 合 被 一 只 為 一 個 少 一 至 少 了 至 含 中 包子 1 原 為碳 其 等 胺該 级 ’ 三 子 性原 香氮 芳 價 送 三 傳 之 洞子 電 原 一 碳 括至 包 合 少结 是 ’ Μ 胺 可基 胺芳 级三 三 , 性胺 香基 芳芳 該雙 言 胺 而基 例芳 舉 軍 C 一 子 是 原 像 碳如 一 譬 的 , 環胺 性基 香芳 芳 一 0yl 基ph 芳or P 性(P 元的 多 質 I 紫 是 咯 或毗 有 所 及 胺 级 三 性 香 芳 的 合 適 它 其 於 示 揭 被 ΡΡ 者 物 合 化 美 之 人 等 2 中 5,文 本 第 到 利入 專併 國 必 被 而 照 參 由 藉 導 教 的 示 揭 些 這 中 虎 致1 不 有 沒 並 導 教 之 中 文 本 與 導 教 等 此 機成 有 達 的來 叠種 層 一 I 任 之的 明中 發 序 本程 er···η— 搶種 依兩 的 面 下 由 可 造 製 的 素 圖 色 三 乾I 或 序 程 罩 光 影 陰 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 序 程LE 刻構 蝕结 式環 雜 雙IΜ 將 ΠΗ 者 的 巨 勺 Θ 例 舉 為 作 序 程 種 兩 的 用 作 層 1 每 Ρ Ε 亦 造 構 使 只 層 光 發 來 層 ’ 多 來有 出 具 發 層 面光 表發 質 的 基用 璃作 玻 層 部 一 底 每 從 ’ 是 是 t 勺 AHM 且解 層 瞭 物被 合 應 化 機 說 有解I Μ 用 加 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 及 的 反 相 或 在 者 技 此 於 習 s>被' D 可來 LE亦出 機 } 造 有來製 之出被 合 發後 接 面 之 環 頂 序 環的程 雜叠的 多層述 之 該 描 層從被 物是將 合光改 化丨修 機構微 有结稍 式|;或 圖*烯 璃. 示 _氯 之 展 三 2 被 的 5 驟 i 騰 步 ο 沸 序IT在 程層泡 罩 一 浸 光覆 ο 影塗 5 陰被質 該會基 之一璃 明。玻 發中該 本 E 將 據 2 由 依 1 藉 - 先 A 首 2 類 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) 五、發明説明(a ) Μ Β7 然 C 鐘 ο 分 5 五 質约 基刷 該 洗 洗中 清醇 來基 鐘甲 分在 Η 五著 U 约接度 中鐘纯 物 分高 合 五 超 化約以 氫刷 ο 碳洗 5 的中質 化酮基 氯丙該 之在後 似後然 乾 吹 其 將 來 氣 氮 的 有 所 级 子 電 , . 後 是 之 好序 最程 劑洗 溶清 洗在 清 的的 用〃 使 被e) 些ad 這gr 該 傳 用 使 由 藉 2 5 層 上 〇 5 質 基 該 於 成 形 被 下 空 真 AZ 方 法 方 束光!τ 子 發該 ISjqI Λ、、 Αϋ 方 或色成 鏟藍形 濺一被 的 後 同 然 的定 述預 所 於 文置 下被 如 3 ) 7 B 罩 2 光 1 影 式陰 圖 一 見 。 ( 上 5 2 5 5 ED層 該 之 用 使 被 間 期 序 程 志 光 影 陰 在 上 部 外 的 2 5 層 ο Τ Τ1 該 之 濕程 在 之 露 中 暴物 置染 裝污 該的 將命 會壽 不作 在操 該 之 應置 罩 装 光該 的低 它降 其 會 及 它 3 其 7 及 罩氣 光氧 影 ’ 陰氣 或 罩―Ϊ-氣 光 罩 氮 將 光 了 地該 滿控由 充遙 經 一 術 在技成 由的達 藉控被 可遙來 這 Μ., ο 是 上 除或置 移,装 及 罩該 入 光 於 導換置 們來下 它中靜 將境環 間環的 驟的空 步氣真 序纯於 及式 4 TJ 圖 5 、 ) 扩 Τ 示 (Η展 層被 送 丨 傳 6 動 5 電L} E 的(E 厚 層 A 光 011 ο 色 1 藍 I 的 ο 厚 5A 一 ο ’ ο 口 2 開 - 的 ο 3 5 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 -* 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製
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th TJTS 或 最 許 ’ 用 薄可 的 Μ 常 ο 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) A7 B7 五、發明説明(7〇 多傳統之方向性的沉積技術,譬如像是氣向沉積,離子束 沉積,電子束電積,瀨鍍及雷射切除等方法中的任一種來 加Μ沉積。 一大约1 000-4000Α厚的ΙΤΟ接點層60 I然 後藉由傳统之濺鍍或電子束方法而被形成於該金屬層6 0 Μ上。在本文中為了方便起見,該三明治層60 I及6〇 Μ將被稱為及顯示為一單一層6 0 ,其概略地與圖式2中 之層2 6相同。每一個層6 0之低功函數金屬部分直接與 在其下面的E T L層相接點,而該I Τ 0層6 0 I則與在其上方 之 Η T L層相接點。應被瞭解的是整個裝置製造過程最好是 從頭到尾維持著真空在步驟與步驟之間都不干擾到真空狀 態下來加以完成: 圖式1 2 C展示出一發绿色光的L E D 6 5其是藉由使用 那些概略地與在製造發Μ色光的L E D 5 5所使用之陰影光罩 及濺鍍技術相同的陰影光罩及濺鍍技術而被製造於層6 0 之上:LED6 5包括了 HTL層6 2 ,綠色發光層64及ETL6 6 —第二薄(學度< 1 0 0 A ,Γ#得足Μ成為半透明狀 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作杜印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 但又不會太薄而失去電子的連續性i金屬層6 0 Μ被沉積 於該E T L層6 6上,緊接著為另一厚约1 0 0 0 — 4〇 ◦ 0 Α的I Τ 0層6 0 I被形成於其上Μ形成一第二三明治層 6 0 : 被展示於圖式1 2D中者為一被製造於該層6 0之上 (更特定地為在60 1之上)之發紅/光的L E D 7 5 ,其是使 -28- 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ΑΊ Β7 五、發明説明(4 ) 用與在製造發Μ色光的L E D 5 5所使用之陰影光罩及濺鍍技 術相同的陰影光罩及濺鍍技術而被製造的。發紅光的L E D 7 5包括一[^層7 0,一綠色發光層£17 2及£几層7 4層 6 Ο I及6 Ο Μ之一上三明治層6 0然後被形成於該L E D 7 5上。如在圖式2中的實施例中已被描述的,相似地,該 上透明的I Τ 0層6 Ο I在一替代的簧施例中可被一適當之監 屬電極所取代,該金屬電極亦作為如一鏡子般的功用以將 向上的光線反射回來穿過該基質5 0 ,藉Μ降低光線從該 装置的上面散失掉:ETL層74 ,6 6及5 8的每一者都具 有一 50-200 Α的厚度;HTL層5 4, 62及7◦的每 一者都具有一 1 00-500A的學度;及EL層56 , 6 4及7 2的每一者都具有一 5 0 — ] 0 ◦ 0 A的厚度:為 了最佳的亮度及效率,每一層,包括了 I T 0 /金_層,應盡 可能地被保持在其個別的厚度範圍之最小值處: 在1 T 0層5 2上之電氣的接點5 1及5 9 ,與在I T 0 / 金屬層6 0之]T 0部分6 0 1上之電氣的接點8 8 ,8 9 , 經濟部中央標準局眞工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _3 2 ,9 2及9 6之形成最好是在一個步驟中被完成:這 些電氣的接點可Μ是絪,鉑,金,銀或是了 1 / P t / A u,C r / A u 或M G / .4 g的組合。它們可藉由氣向沉積或其它適當的金屬澱 積技術在罩住該裝置的其它部分之後而被沉積: 在該陰影光罩程序中的最後一個步驟為將整個装置K 一絕绦層9 7 ,如圖式1 2 E中所示,覆蓋起來,除了被 光罩罩住之所有金屬接點5 1 ,5 9/,8 8 ,8 9 ,9 2 -2 9 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0 X 29?公嫠) 五、發明説明(>Ί) l· I 夕 L 之 止 6 防 9 Μ 及 藉 4物 9 染 ’-'5 A7 B7 透 不 是 7 9 層 緣 絕 它 其 及 氣 氧 氣 絕 染 污 被 的 ο S 是 Μ 可 7 9 層 濺 沉 ’ 之 束用 子使 電被 C 是 體 或緣 3 絕 Ν 它 2 其 •1 之 S 積 是 沉 像所 如D 譬 V 物 C 化化 氮強 的漿 矽 電 一 或 2 鍍 麼 這 為 因 °c ο Σ 1X 過 超 高 升 度 溫 的 置 装 E 該 L 將低 可減 不 會 術度 技溫 勺 勺 in -to 積 高
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F 中 示 展 被 序 程 刻 蝕 式 乾 之 層 叠 A 3 質 基 璃 玻 5 *Θ _ 1 ^ Μ 相 基 S3 wii¾ 光i;玻 影^該 0 ^ ^ 亥直'責 --口 -匕 W:- - 在 C 之 ?r 後 述;;:被 被)lfi 〇 已 方 1-_ 中.,的 層 文 ο 束 上IT子 在 一 電 與。或 以洗鍍 先清濺 首K之 2 加统 ο 被傳 1 式 用 〇 (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本1) 上 2 層 屬 L 層 ET治 ’ 明 5 三 ο 之 1 -—1 E 7 色 ο 藍 i ’ 層 ο 4 T I 〇 及 t—I L Μ τ Η 7 一 ο 金 括 包 及 6 ο 有 具 rp 者 ΓΡ 咅 全 其 傳 其 Κ 將 後 術 然 技 ’ 覆 度 塗 厚 灑 之 噴 同或 相 覆 度 塗 厚轉 之旋 層 物 關 合 相聚 的 是 中或 序 ’ 程積 罩 沉 影 空 陰 真 在的 與统 上 面 表 個 SE 白 1-1 〇 -1 層 ο T _—_ 該 <二 方 積 沉 層 治 明 三 屬 金 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 於 d 度 厚 之 上 6 〇 1 層 L 丁 E 該 於 1 積 層 沉屬 被金 接數 直函 一 功 含 低 包 之 7 A ο 〇 1 〇 在 S Μ 7 ο ο τ—Η 層 屬 金 7 ο 1--_ 層 層 砂 ο b T /1 I—_ 氧 該 二 於 或積 IT矽沉 之化被 A 氮式 ο 之 方 ο A 的 ο o D 4 〇 V I o C ο 2 漿 ο _ 電 ο A 溫 -^- ofa 為 ο Μ 约 ο 8 度 1 ο 厚 為 ^^_ 之度料 上厚材 Μ 一 罩 7 C 光 上 面 表 上 個 整 的 I 7 ο 光 正
h P 是 像 如 譬 9 ο ί—_ 層 ρ 1-(/ R ,ρ 阻 Η 施 旋 被 著 接 本紙張尺度遑用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4洗格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(J) 於該氮化矽層1 0 8上。如在圖式1 3 B中所示的,該光 阻層1 0 9之外部1 10 (見圖式1 3 A )是Μ標準之微 影程序來將其曝露及移除。該被曝露的外部1 1 0對應至 該底下之I Τ 0層1 0 1將被曝露及被電氣地接觸的區域上。 參照圖式1 3 C ,該氮化矽層1 0 8相對應於該被移除之 光阻區域之外部1 1 1 (其被界定於圖式13Β中)是藉 由使用一 C F 4 : 0 2電漿而被移除的。接著,藉由使用 離子銑切的技術或其它電漿蝕刻的技術,該I Τ 0 /金屬層1 0 7 I及1 0 7 Μ之被曝露的外部被移除。接著一 0 2電 漿被使用以依序地將相對應之E T L層1〇6 ,E L層1 0 5 ^ 及Η T L層1 0 4之被曝II的外部加Μ移除,且同時將剩下之 光阻層1 0 9加Κ移除,就如圖式1 3 D中所示的。最後 ,該C F 4 : 0 2電漿再一次被使用以移除該氮化矽光罩 1〇8 ,及得到如圖式1 3 D中所示之藍色L E D之结構: 乾式轴刻程序步驟之相同的順序被用來將一綠色的L Ε I) 1 1 5製造於該藍色L E D之上,除了 S i N X 1 5〇如被顯 示的被覆蓋,接著為一光咀光罩1 1 3如圖式1 3 E中所 示的罩注該I T 0層1 0 1的外部:然後,Η T L層1 ] 4 ,綠 色E L層1 1 6 ,及等等的沉積被簧施(見圖式1 3 F )-- 與用於Μ色L E D製造中相同之微影及胜刻技術接著便被使用 Μ完成該綠色L £ D 1 1 5之製造:該紅色的L E D 1 1 7接著 藉由使用概略相同的乾式蝕刻程序而被形成於該綠色L E D之 上。一與圖式1 2Ε中之層97相似/之惰性層1 1 9接著 -3 1 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) ^ 訂 ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 204842 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 以一適當的圖樣被沉積於該L E D叠層上Μ露出電氣的接觸, 其就如在陰影光志程序中被描述的相同。一光阻光罩然後 被使用以容許接點孔之乾式蝕刻在該惰性層1 1 9中作用 。接著金屬1 5 2被沉積於該等接點孔中。一最後的光阻 層及過多的金屬被移除。 接在該L E D叠層的製造之後的是,不論該L E D叠層是用 一陰影光罩,乾式蝕刻或其它的方法來加Κ實施,該叠層 必需被適當地構裝(P a c k a g e d ) Μ達到可接受之裝置性能及 可靠性。圖式1 4 ( A ~ C )展示出便於構装,及提供一 可K構裝四個本發明之多色L E D装置之本發明的實施例。被 使用於圖式1 4 ( A - B )中之相同的參考號碼表示相同 之個別的特徵,如在圖式1 2 E中一樣。該構裝亦可使用 圖式1 3 F之幾乎相同之结構=參照圖式1 4 A ,在以一 絕緣層9 7 ,譬如像是S i N X,包覆整個装置之後,獲取 孔(a c c e s s h ο 1 e s ) 1 2:〇,1 2 2及1 2 4 K傳统之蝕刻 /光罩技術被形成用以個別地將Μ色,綠色,及紅色L E D ( 有機發光二極體)之最上面的金願層6 Ο Μ ’ ,6 Ο Μ ’ 經濟部中央標準局—工消费合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ’及6 Ο Μ ’ ’ ’曝露出來:之後,適當之金屬電路通路 12 6,1 2 8及1 3 0 (典型地為金材料)Μ傳统的程 序步驟被個別地沉積於一從該等被曝露的金屬層6 Ο Μ ’ ,6 Ο Μ ’ ’及6 Ο Μ ’ , ’至為在銦焊接劑凸起1 3 2 ,1 3 3及1 3 4之邊緣的路線上。相似地,一正極電極 终端被一金屬(例如是金)電路路線Λ 3 5所提供,其被 -3 2 - 本紙張尺度速用中國國家橾準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X 297公嫠) A7 B7 五、發明説明(π ) 形成κ具有一與I T 0層5 2相接點的内端,及一終止於一位 在該銦焊接凸起1 3 6邊緣之外端,所有這些都是藉由傳 統的程序被提供的。該装置然後被一額外的絕緣材料譬如 像是S i N X 所覆蓋Μ形成一絕緣的被覆而焊接凸起1 3 2 ,1 3 4 ,及1 3 6則是沿著該絕緣的被覆的一側被曝 露出來。以此方式,該有機L E D装置可使用傳统的方式將其 迅速的構装起來,或本發明之構裝的簧施例將緊接著在下 文中被描述。 一種用來將四個多色L E D裝置Μ —單一的構装的結構作 於一共同的基質5 0上之方法現將個別地參照圖式1 4 A ,1 4 B ,及1 4 C <如本發明之另一實施例般被描述( 起始材料包括了一玻璃基質5 0其被塗覆了 一絪錫氧化物 (I T 0 ) 1 5 2層。接下來的步驟是被用來獲得該構裝 的多色有機L E D陣列的: 1 •使用傳統的技術將I T 0層5 2覆Μ光罩闬以在 一同中心的方形帶環圖樣中沉積一 S I 0 2層於I Τ 0層 5 2之上,在此例子中(某些其它的圖樣亦可被使用): 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消费合作杜印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 2 ·使用在上文中所教導的方法形成共用在該S i〇 2層1 3 8上之區域140中的共同層之四個三色LED疊層 用Μ獲得,譬如,圖式12E或13F ,及14A中之结 構= 3 _ Μ陰影光罩的方式沉積金屬接點1 7 0至1 8 1 ;每一個金靥接點终止於S i 〇2層/上之外端處,用Κ個 -3 3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標率局肩工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(Μ ) 別地提供外部之電氣的連接或接合板1 7 〇至1 8 1,應 被瞭解的是在圖式1 4 A中之接點1 2 6 , 1 2 8及1 3 0個別地與接點1 7 0 — 1 8 1中之連續三個接點的每一 個相同。每一群三個接點,亦即,170至172,17 3 至 175,176 至 178,179 至 181 ,终止於 它們的內部端或其它端用以個別地提供四個有機L E D裝置之 每一個的金屬層60M, ,6〇M’’ ,6〇M’ ’’ 一 電氣的連接。另一個金屬接點1 8 2 ,在此例子中,是Μ 陰影光罩的方式被沉積於該I Τ 0層5 2之與該四個LED装 置共同的一邊緣上,用以提供一共同的正極。應被瞭解的 是,如果經過適當的光罩及蝕刻之後四個L E D裝置被個別製 造於完全互相獨立的層上時,四個正極接點將必需被個別 地提供绐後面可以多路(m u 11 1 p 1 e X )的方式被操作的陣列。 在此例子中被描述之多色L E D陣列為一非多路 (η ο II - in u 1 t i p 1 e X )的陣列 c 4 · Μ,舉例而言,陰影光罩的方式沉積一第二S i ◦ 2層1 8 4於一連續的帶或環上,使用,譬如,濺鍍, 或電漿強化C V D ,電子束沉積的方式留下被曝露之接合 板 1 7 0 ’ 至 1 8 1 ’ : 5 ·在該第二S i 02層或帶1 84上之一連缳的帶 或環1 8 6上沉積鉛一錫或其它低熔點之焊接劑: 6 ‘在一被覆玻璃1 8 8的底部沉積一金屬環1 9 0 其是與焊接密封環1 8 6相一致。/' -3 4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ^ 訂-^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(兑) 7 ·如圖式1 4 B中所示的,將被覆玻璃1 8 8裝置 於該缌成上,金屬環1 9 0與焊接環1 8 6相抵靠。 8 ·將該總成置於一鈍氣的氛圍,譬如像是乾燥的氮 氣,中並加熱用以將該焊接環1 8 6熔化K獲得一氣密的 密封,並將該钝氣封於該内部區1 9 2中。 參照圖式1 5 ,其展示出一顯示器1 94該顯示器為 一紅綠藍有機顯示器。點1 9 5為沈省略的意思。一如1 9 4之完整的顯示器包括了複數個像是1 9 6之圖素。該 等圖素被安排成一XY矩陣用Μ覆蓋一被塗覆了 I TO之 玻璃板的整個表面面積。每一個圖素包括了 一叠如在圖式 2中所示之L E D结構。在圖式2中被標記為藍(B ),綠( G )及红(R )之终端的每一條線都被牽出來且被個別連 接至適當之水平的及垂直的掃瞄處理器1 9 7及1 9 8上 Μ取代具有一固定的偏壓機構,譬如像是電池3 0 ,3 1 及32 ,這些都是在一顯示產生器1 99 ,其可為一電視 單元,的控制之下:因此,每一個L E D ’ s的矩陣具有至少兩 個軸(X ,Υ ),及每一個L E D是位在該至少兩個軸的交點 上:同時,該X -軸可代表一水平軸·及該Υ —軸代表一 垂直軸:琨已為人所習知的為將電視訊號,譬如像是Ν Τ S C訊號轉換成顔色組成紅色,綠色及藍色Μ作為彩色顯 示之用:應用紅色,绿色及藍色來作為主要顔色之電腦監 視器同樣是為人所習知的。被垂直及水平的掃喵技術所驅 動及控制之此等裝識亦是習知的。被/沉積於該顯示器的表 -3 5 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4规格(210 X 297公釐) (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本I) 裝- 、νβ 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(A)
面上之該等圖素结構的整個陣列藉由使用典型的X Y掃喵 技術,譬如像是使用X Y位址,而被掃瞄C 吾人可使用脈衝寛度調製來選擇性地依據所需要的訊 號内容來對每一個DH LED圖素之紅色,綠色及藍色 輸入加Μ充電。K此方式,在該顯示器之每一條上的每一 個L E D ’ s被選擇性獲取及付予位址且被許多機構,譬如像是 被脈沖寬度調製訊號或被電壓所產生之台階波形,施加偏 壓Μ使得這些裝置能夠發出單一的顔色或多個顏色,使得 從該等结構中被發出來的光產生一具有一預定的形狀與顔 色的影像。同時,吾人可依序地掃瞄每一個ΧΥ軸,且依 序地對在該矩陣中被選取之L E D ’ s加Μ充電Κ發出光線用以 產生具有被依序地及垂直地產生之顏色的影像。該等被選 取的L E D ’ s可同時地被充電: 如在上人中所描述的,圖式2中所展示之垂直層叠的 技術容許該三色D H L E D圖素可被製造在一非常小的 面積之内:這容許吾人能提供高清晰度的顯示器,譬如像 是内些每英吋具有3 0 0至6 0 0條線的解晰度或更高的 解晰度的顯示器=如此高的解晰度對於使用前技的技術來 說是絕對無法獲得的,在前技中該等有機發光層或產生不 同顔色之螢光媒介是彼此被側向地間隔開來的 跟據琨代的標準,吾人可提供一圖式2中所示之具有 一小的足Μ能夠謀數百個圖素二極體被垂直地及水平地層 叠於一平方英吋的面積內之有效面積/之L E D裝置。因此,製 -3 6- 本紙張^度適用中國國家揉準(〇见)六4規/格(210乂297公羞) J ^ 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(4) 造技術使吾人可Μ高光線強度來達成非常高的解晰度 在圖式1 6中,本發明的另一個黃施例被展示,一多 色LED裝置包括了可多達Ν個別的LED’s的L.ED層叠,其中Ν 為一整數1 ,2 ,3 . · · N 依據在任何未來的時間之 科技的狀態,N將會有一特定的極限。該被層壘了 N層之 LED’s,舉例而言,可藉由使用如先前地在圖式1 2 ( A - E )中被描述之陰影光罩處理步驟,或是在圖式1 3 A至 1 3 F中說明之乾式蝕刻的程序,而被提供。圖式1 6中 之該被層蠱的陣列的基地或底部,舉例而言,就如在圖式 13F中所示的,為一玻璃基質102 ,該基質102有 一 I T 0層被形成於其上。緊接著覆蓋的第一 L E D裝置,及 在此例子中之隨後的L E D装置,每一個都依序地在I T 0層 1 0 1 上包括了一 層 1 54 ,一 EL 層 1 56 ,一 ETL 層 1 58 ,一金屬層1 60 ,及一 1了〇層1 62 。該第N層的 LED裝置164進一步包括了最上面的金屬層(見圖式13 F中之層1 5 2 )其被形成於該最上面的I 了 0層1 6 2之上 c 一惰性層(P a s s i v a t 1 ο η 1 a y e r ) 1 1 9被沉積於該層疊之 上,如在圖式1 3 F中之彩色層叠一般:每一個LED装置之 每一層E L層1 5 6的材料是為了要提供與一特定的顏色相 關的L E D所需而被選取的:譬如在三種顏色的装置中,波長 較短的裝置(藍色)必需位在該層叠中之波長較長的装置 (紅色)的底下Μ遴免紅色發光層之光的吸收發生。為了 每一個各別的L E D而被選取的顔色及5^際上被層叠之L E D ’ s -3 7 - 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4规格(210Χ297公釐) J ^ 訂^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局肩工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(Μ ) 的數目是依據特定的用途,及所需要的顔色及將被提供之 明暗能力而定的。此等多色裝置亦可被應用於光的通訊網 路上,其中每一個不同的光頻道是藉由使用一從一在該曆 叠中之一被給定的裝置中被發出來的不同的波長而被傳送 的。該被發出之光之先天上同中心的本質容許將數個波長 合併於一單一的光傳送纖維中。在實際上,此等被層叠之 陣列的獲取孔(a c c e s s h ο ] e )被向下形成至每一個裝置的 IT0屠1 62 ,然後是便於構装及至該層叠中之每一個LED 装置的電器的連接之用之適當的金屬的沉積,舉例而言, 這是Μ —種與在上文中被描逑之圖式14A,14B及1 4 C中之層#的多色L E D装置所用的方式相同的方式來實施 白勺^ 此裝置可被用來提供一低成本,高解晰度,高亮度全 色彩,任何尺吋的扁平面板顯示器:這將本發明之範圍荽 大為可顯示從小至幾個微米至大到一棟建築物的尺吋被 產生在此顯示器上的影像可以是文字或全色彩或任何解晰 度的圖像,端視個別的L E D ’ s的尺时而定^ 熟於此技藝者可Κ瞭解到在本文中被描述及例舉之本 發明的簧施例有不同的荽化:這些荽化是被隨附之申請專 利範圍的精神及範圍所函蓋的。舉例而言,一多色層疊的 LED裝置,譬如像是在上文中被描述之圖式2的三色裝置, 在本發明的另一實施例中可藉由從如圖式1 C中所示的聚 合物裝置中,或從一被沉積的金屬P bio spho n ate薄膜中形成 -3 8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -7--.-----I------1T------4 (請先W讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) L E D 2〇而被提供,而非將所有三層在真空中平放 該層疊 之 成 形 來 ίι 濺 空 真 用 可 層 兩 的 下 剩 之 中 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、-» 經濟部中央揉準局員工消費合作杜印褽 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4洗格(210 X :297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 24 8 42 A B c D 經濟部中央標準局員Η消費合作杜印製 六、申請專利範圍 1 ·—種多色發光装置(L E D )结構,其包括: 至少複數個彼此被層疊在一起之一第一及一第二有機 装置(L E D ) K形成一層疊结構,每一個 L_ E D彼此之間被 一-透明的導電層隔離開來以使得每一個裝置可接受一個別 的偏動電位能而透過此疊層發光。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多色發光装置结構 ,其中該等L E D ’ S中的每一個當被加上偏壓時會發出不同波 長的光及因而會產生不同的顔色 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多色發光裝置结構 ,其包括了至少第一至第三發光裝置被個别地彼此層疊在 起c 4 •如申請專利範圍第3項所述之多色發光装置结構 ,其中該第一裝置發出的顔色是藍色(E5 ),該第二装置 發出的顔色是綠色(G)及該第三装置發出的光視红色( R ): ε ·如申請專利範圍第4項所述之多色發光装置结構 -其中該等装置是依照下列的順序沿著由一底部的點;i上 疊之垂直的軸被層疊起來·其中該第一裝置發出Μ色的光 -及發出淥色光之該第二裝置是泣在該藍色發光装置的上 表面之上,發出红色光之該第三裝置是位在該綠色發光装 置的上·藉此當該结構被垂直地對齊時,該波長最短之藍 色發光装置是位在最底層而該液長最長之红色發光裝置則 是為在最上層。_ 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210Χ 297公釐) ......-.......-.......裝----------------•玎.................% (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟.部中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 6 ·如申請專利範圍第]項所述之多色發光装置结構 ,其中每一個L E D装置都是一由有機材料所製成之透明的雙 雜環(D Η )结構。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多色發光装置结構 ,其中每一個L E D装置都是一由有機材料所製成之透明的單 雜環结構。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第6項所述之多色發光裝置结構 ,其中該透明的導電層包含了絪錫氧化物(I Τ 0 )。 9 •如申請專利範圍第7項所述之多色發光裝置结構 ,其中該透明的導電層包含了絪錫氧化物(I Τ 0 )。 1 0 ·如申請專利範圍第3項所述之多色發光装置结 構,該至少第一三,第二個,及第三個有機L E D ’ S是Κ連續 的順序被層疊於一共闬的基質上。 1 1 •如申請專利範圍第]0項所述之多色發光装置 结搆,其中該基質為該LED结構的底部,及該第三個有機 L E D包含鈣錫氧化物(I Τ ϋ )材料,其是作為一鋪在底下的金 屬材料層的一接點(c ο η ΐ a c t )之用- 1 2 ·如申請專利範圍第6項所述之多色發光裝置结 搆其中該透明的導電層包含一金圖層,其具有一小於23電 子伏特的功函數,及一在該金屬層上之I T 0層: 1 3 ·如申請專利範圍第6項所述之多色發光装置结 構,該有機材料是從一包含了三價金屬喹琳鹽錯合物,三 價金屬橋喹琳鹽錯合物,史提夫氐鹼/( S c h i f f b a s e )二價金 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) L------·...............裝-----------------玎...............‘ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 六、申請專利範圍 金烯 聚 ’ 丁 性 物HI環 合 麗雜 錯金 及 II價性 酸二 香 芳 丙類 ’ _ 盟物 金酸合 , 磷錯 物雙移 合 ,轉 錯物數 屬合價 金錯子 V)子分 (1合’ 锡结物 , 基 合 物位錯 合配硫 錯雙 二 屬屬腈 置構 装 结 : 光學 的發 化 取色的 選 多 列 被 之 下 中述有 群所具 組S物 的 3 合 物 1 錯 合第1S 箝圍琳 的範 喹 合利屬 混專金 屬 請 價 金 申三 土 如 該 稀 · 中 及 4 其 類 1 , 物 構 合 结 式(請先閲讀背面之注意事項再墒寫本頁) ,3·的 包 基 一 環 從 雜 是¾ R 基 中 芳 其 . 烷 ,V,J 白 ΛΛ-- 取 - 未 及 的 弋 /1 取 涇 氫 取 選 被 中 群 經濟部中央標準局員Η消費合作社印製 ; ο 飼 C 基 ; 甲 ο 基 ί 甲 R 啶 為 ott式 括學 包fb 一 ; 從 醛 是if 其 楊 , 水 在 ?的如 合 代 軚 结 取 R \ 經中 未其 表 及 , 代的族 L 代 i , 取 的 ο 的 的 監 m Rnf 為 與 式 Μ 學 m ih喹 •’ 及 素 鹵的 ; 義 的 定 義被 定 中 被 上 中在 上如 中 其 族 物 生 構 结 5 置式 装 構 光结 發學 色化 多的 之 列 述下 所 窄 項具 3 物 1 合 第錯 圍基 0 位 利配 專 雙 請 屬 申 金 如 該 * 中 其 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210Χ 297公釐) ABCD 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 M D Lf 其中Μ是從週期表之3 — 1 3族及鑭系的三價金屬中被選 取的· D為雙配位基结合子1及L 4是從一包含了乙瞌基 丙_酸鹽;0 R 3 R化學式之化合物其中R 3是從S丨, C中選取的及R是從與上文中所描述的基團相同的基團中 選取的;3 ,5 —二(t — b u )酚;2 ’ 6 —二(t 一 b υ )鼢;2 ,6 -二(t — b u :)甲酚;及一具有下列 的化學结構式h2b / 6 之化合物的組群中被選取的_ 1 6 ·如申請專利範圍第]5項所述之多色發光裝置 结構,其中D是從一包括了 2 —吡啶甲基嗣,2 _嗤哪基 嗣及2 — ( 〇 —苯氧基)Ift啶酮類的ώ群中被選取的。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) . 訂 線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 六、申請專利範圍 A8 B8 C8 D8 第 C 式 圍(S構 範鹼结 利 氏學 專夫化 請 提的 申史列 如 該下 • 中 有 7 其 具 1 , 些 構那 结從 置 裝 光 發 色 多 之 述 所 項 是 物 合 «Η 屬 金 價^ Ν X〆 Ν 〇X 2 表 期. 週 從 1J 為 含 1 包 Μ從 中 是 其 1 , R 的 , 取 鼷 選金 被價 中二 者 之 取 選 中 族 2 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 裝 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製基膦 氧 ’ 烷基 ’ 環 基雜 院 ’ ’ 基 氫芳 t , ./ 包子 。 一 原 的 從碳 取 是個選 X 8 被 中 | 中 其 1 群 , 有 組 的具的 取都胺 選個及 被一物 中每化 團們鹵 基它 , 的,基 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) 線 ABCD 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 1 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中該芳香性及雜環性聚合物類是從一包含了聚(對 —次笨基亞乙烯基),聚(二烷氧基次苯基亞乙烯基),聚( 噻吩)聚(次苯基),聚(苯基亞乙遮基)及聚(N -乙烯基卡 唑基)的組群中被選取的 1 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光裝置 结構,其中該稀土混合的鰲合劑包括了被结合至一雙配位 基芳香族或雑環性结合子之鑭系元素、 2 0 ·如申請專利範圍第1 9項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中該雙配位基芳香性基或雜環基是從一包含了水 楊醛類及其衍生物,水楊酸,喹附鹽,史提夫氏鹼(S c丨u f f base) 结合子,乙_基丙酮酸酯,苯基嗯啉,二吡啶,喹 5材及tt啶的組群中被選取的· 2 I •如申請專利範圍第1 9項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中該二價金屬順丁烯二醯腈二硫酸(” m η τ ”)錯合物 具有下列所示之结構式:其中Μ 3為一具有+ 2價的金屬離子,Υ 1是從一包含了 氛基及經取代的及未經取代的苯基的組群中被選取的,及 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) ,......................裝-----------------可----------------.% (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部中央標芈局員二消費合作杜印製 六、申請專利範圍 L H代表了 一沒有代電荷的基團| 2 2 ·如申請專利範圍第2 1項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中L ;為一包含了 P (OR) 3及P ( R ) 3之 化學式的組群,其中R是從一包含了氫,經取代的及未經 取代的烷基,芳基及雜環基的組群中被選取的。 23 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光裝置 结構,其中該雙膦酸鹽具有Μ 2 ( 0 3 Ρ _有機—Ρ 0 3 ) y的化學式其中Μ 2為一金屬離子及有機代表了 一用膦 酸鹽予以雙重官能基化的芳香性或雜環螢光性化合物: 2 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光裝置 结構,其中該三價金屬橋喹跗鹽錯合物具有下列的化學结 構式其中Μ是一三價金屬離子及Ζ是從S /i R或Ρ = 0化學式 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) ..................... ^.................玎----------------.^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部中央標準局員-消費合作社印製 7、申請專利範圍 中選取的其中R是從一包含了氫•經取代的及未經取代的 烷基,芳基及雜環基的組群中被選取的。 2 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中該錫(i Y )金屬錯合物具有S n L 1 2 L 2 2的 化學式,其中L 1是從一包含了水楊醯醛,水楊酸,或喹 淋鹽的組群中中被選取的及L 2是從一包含了經取代的及 未經取代的烷基,芳基及雜環基的組群中被選取的 2 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之多色發光装置 结構,其中該原子電荷轉換錯合物包括了一電子受體结構 與一電子施體结構相錯合者。 2 7 ·如申請專利範園第]項所述之多色發光装置结 構,其中該等裝置是Κ 一依照它們各別所發出的光的波長 及吸收的持徵所決定的次序而被層疊起來的。 2 8 ·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之多色發光裝置结 搆,其中波長最長的LED是被疊在該疊層垂直方向的最上面 ,接下來是波長依序較短的L E D ’ s '而波長最短的L E D則是 在該層®的最底下。 29 · —種多色的發光结構,其包括: 一透明的基質層,其具有一第一透明的導電塗覆層被 沉積於其一表面上; 一第一發光裝置,其被沉積於該第一透明的導電塗覆 層上; / 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) --------.----------------裝----------------'可----------------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 六、申請專利範圍 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部中央標里局員Μ消費合作杜印製 装覆 装 覆 三 置設 置狀 要長,構的透 置 光塗 光 塗 第 裝被 装梯 度要長 结明該 裝 發電 發 電 該 光地 光階 長度要 置透過 光 一 導 二 導 於。發別 發一的 長度裝 三 穿 發 第的 第 的 積 上色個 色 成置的 長 等第光 色 該明 該 明 沉 面多層 多形 裝置的 該至的 多 於 ·,透 於.,透 被 表之覆 之以 光装 置至一 出 之 積上二 積上三 其 的述塗 述用 發光裝 位第發 述 沉面第 沉面第 ,處所電 所的一 發 光 電該 所/m 被表該 被表該 層 接項導 項積 第二發 作中置 項 其的於 其的於 覆相 9 四 9 沉該第操其裝 9 ,處積 ,處積 塗層 2 第 2 被比該 第 加及光 2 層接沉 層接沉 電 覆第及 :第是度 比該施 ’ 發 第 s相被 覆相被 導塗圍三 源圍都 長度比 來蓋個 圍 塗層 其 塗層其 的三範 第位範 層的長 度計覆 一 範 電覆- 電覆, 明第利 , 電 利電 質的長 設所何 利 導塗置 導塗置 透該 專二壓 專導 基置的 被層任 專 的一裝 的二裝 的與 請第偏 請及的 装置 都覆被 請 明第光 明第光 步有申,的 申置 明光裝 階塗許 申 透該發 透該發 一沒如 | 別 如裝透 發 光 级電容。如 二 與 二 三與三 進之 . 第 各 等該 一 發個 導層層 . 第有第 第有第 及再置 ο 該收 1 該 , 第二 一 的覆質 2 一沒一 ·,一 沒一 ; j 装 3 中接 3 中形 該第每 別塗基 3 之 上 之上光 其 來 其外,該 中 個電的 置 層 置 層 發 ,計 ,的長,其 之 導明 -·.......................裝...........—t---------------- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210Χ 297公釐) 2 4 c〇 4 Ο rJ A B CD 經濟.部宁央標芈局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 ,其中該更進一步的等電塗覆層包括了一會將注上的光線 反射回該基質。 3 3 ·如申請專利範圍第3 2項所述之多色發光裝置 ,其中該更進一步的導電塗覆層進一步包括了一非常薄的 絪錫氧化物層(I T 0 )介於該厚的金屬與該第三發光裝置之沒 有與該第三塗覆層相接點的表面之間,該I T 0層是作為該第 三發光二極體装置之鋪於底下之金屬材料層的一接點 (contact) 之用白勺: 3 4 ·如申請專利範圍第2 9項所述之多色發光裝置 ,其中該透明的基質是玻璃,該第一導電塗覆層為一絪錫 氧it物層,及該第二,第三及更進一步的導電塗覆層中的 每一者都是由一被沉積於一低功函數金屬材料層上之I T 0層 所組成的。 3 5 _如申請專利範圍第2 9項所述之多色發光装置 ,其中該等發光裝置的每一者都是雙雜環结構(DH),該第 一發光装置在受到偏壓時是發出Μ光(Β '! •該第二發光 装置在受到偏壓時是發出綠光(G:,及該第三發光裝置 在受到偏壓時是發S紅光(R ): 3 6 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項所述之多色發光裝置 ,其中每一個雙雜環结構都是由有機化合物所組成的 3 7 ·如申請專利範圍第2 S項所述之多色發光裝置 ,其中其中該等發光裝置的每一者都是單雜環结構(S Η ), 該第一發光裝置在受到偏壓時是發出饀光(Β ),該第二 -1 0 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) J----------------------裝----------------、玎:..............% (請先閒讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) ABCD 經濟¥中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 發光装置在受到偏壓時是發出綠光(G ),及該第三發光 装置在受到偏壓時是發出紅光(R )。 3 8 ·如申請專利範圍第2 9項所述之多色發光装置 ,其中其中該等發光装置的每一者都是聚合物结構,該第 一發光装置在受到偏壓時是發出藍光(B ),該第二發光 装置在受到偏壓時是發出绿光(G ),及該第三發光裝置 在受到偏壓時是發出紅光(R 1 。 3 9 · —種多色顯示器,其包括: 複數個被成列及成行的排置多色發光装置圖素结構以 提供一顯示表面,每一個圖素结構包括至少一多色發光装 置结構其中每一個装置结構包括了第一,第二及第三發光 装置(L E D ’ S )其被一個曼一個地被層疊起來以形成一層疊的 结構,每一個L E D都被一透明的導電層所隔開來,並藉此該 多色顯示器可藉由該等導電層而被疵加偏壓K造成該等發 光装置在受到偏壓時會發光- 40 .如申請專利範圍第3 9項所述=多色顯示器. 其中該第一 LED發盅藍色光;B;,該第二LEl·發出綠色光 (G 1及該第三L E D發出紅色光(R ;: 4】_如申請專利範圍第3 9項所述之多色顯示器, 其中該等L E D装置中的每一個都是一雙雜環结構(D Η )装置, 其仍夠如一被應用於L E D裝置中之有機it合物的一函數般地 發光= 4 2 ·如申請專利範圍第3 9項所述之多色顯示器, -1 1 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210乂297公釐) -----,--------------裝................訂----------------.% (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 六、申請專利範圍 等如 該夠 中 仍 其 其 光 SK Αδ Β8 C8 D8 , 地 置般 装數 ^函 (S1 搆的 结物 環合 雜化 單 機 I 有 是 之 ΠΡ hr 0 4 個置 一 装 每ED ._D 的 中 置 装 於 用 應 被 器 示 顯 色 多 之 述 所 項 9 3 第 圍 範 利 專 請 Φ 如 3 4 物物 合 合 聚 化 一 楗 是 有 都 之 個 中 一 置 每裝 的ED中”、 L 被 等 一 該 如 中 夠 其仍 结 白 其 發 , 地 置 般 装 數 的函 構 一 光 器 示 顯 色 多 之 述 所 項 9 3 第 圍 ίΕ 利 專 請 申 如 4 4 Jb_ 被 是 構 结 置 装 色 多 個 數1T 複的 之 明 置透 排的 地薄 列層 成 一 行7 成覆 被塗 等被 該 一 中 於 其 置 每 及 上 質 基 璃 玻 之 層 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 第 的 素 圖 個 M 上 質 基 該 於 疊 層 被 .是 置 裝 D E ,_J 三 第 及 二 第 素 圖 的 別 個 1 成 彡\ 置 !:ν π.不 光 發 色 多 j 造 : 製 有 jl 種15 一 步 . 的 5 括 4 包 方 - 方 的 構 结 、可 i 第 第 於 該 該 層於於 |电 層 層 導輸光 的傳發 明洞機 透 I电 有I 1 I 第 第 第I 1 1 成積積 ¾RR ; 提 上 W ; 之 .二 」丄 -> 之 電 層 質導輸 基的傳 的明動 明 透電 經濟部^央標坐局員工消費合作社印製 上 之 ; 層 上輸 之 傳 層 子 光 電 發 一 : 第 第 該 該 於 於 層 層 電 輸導 傳的 ; 子明 色 電 透 0 一 二 光 第 第 發 一 一 1 積積 第 沉 沉 1 洪 ; 提 上 K ; 之 上 位 層 之 電 電 層 壓導輸 偏的傳 I 明 動 第 透 '霉 一 二二 受 第 第 接 該 該 !,./ Λ: 人、' 其 方方 計層層 § V1 §. 被傳發 層洞機 電 電 有 導 二 二 的 第 第 明 一 1 透積積 二 沉沉 第 亥 丄ιδ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X 297公釐) ABCD 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 洪一第二發光顔色; 沉積一第二電子傳輸層於該第二發光層之上;及 沉積一第三透明的導電層於該第二電子傳輸層之上, 該第三透明的導電層被設計來接受一第二偏壓電位: 4 6 ·如申請專利範圍第4 5項所述之方法,其進一 步包括了在將該第一電動傳輸層沉積至該第一透明的導電 層上之前,對該第一透明的導電層的一個區域以陰影光罩 (shadow m a s k 1 n g )處理Μ曝露出該第一透明的導電層的該 區域,藉此使得該第一偏壓電位可被施加於該第二透明的 導電層與該第一透明的導電1的該被曝露的區域之間之步 驟: 4 7 ·如申請專利範圍第4 5項所述之方法 '其進一 步包括了將該第一電洞傳_層的一個區域蝕刻去除甩以將 該第一透明的導電層的一個部分曝ϋ出來藉此使得該第一 偏壓電位可被疵加5)該第二透明的導電層與該第-透明的 導電層的該被曝Ε的區域之間之步驟: 4 8 . —種製造一被密到地構装(h e r m e t 1 e a I 1 > P a c k a g e d )的多色發光装置(I. E II )的方法,該方法包括的步 驟有: 形成一第一透明的導電層於一透明的基質之上; 對該第一透明的導電層覆以光罩用以將一第一 S i 0 2層K 一同中心的圖樣沉積於該第一透明的導電曆上; 在該第一 S i 0 2層的一部分尚/形成至少一多色L E D, -1 3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) -------................裝................、玎----------------^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部宁央標準局S-消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 每一個L E D包括了至少一第-一及一第二有機發光裝置 (L E D ’ S )其被一個疊在另一個上地疊起來用以在該第一 S i 0 2層形成一層疊的结構; Μ陰影光罩的方式沉積複數涸金屬接點或電路,每-者都具有一终止於該第一 S i ◦ ζ層的一外緣附近的一端 ,及每一者都具有一终止於該至少一·多色L E D之個別的偏壓 電極之另一端; Μ陰影光罩的方式沉積一與該第一 S i 0 2層同中心 且位在該等複數個金屬接點的外部上但留下該等金屬接點 的端點被曝露出來之如一圓環的第二S ; 0 2層; 在該第S i 0 2層之上沉積一環低熔化溫度之焊接劑 起與該第二S i ◦ 2層同中心; 在一覆蓋坡璃的底面沉積一金屬環,其被置於與該焊 接劑環同中心的泣置上; 將該覆蓋玻離置於該基質及至少一多色ί E D之工这焊接 劑環與在該玻璃上之金ϋ環相抵靠; 將上述總成置於一纯氣氛圍中:及 將該焊接劑環加熱闬Κ將該诨接劑熔化而形成一氣κ 的密封,及將該純氣封在介於該覆蓋玻璃的底部與鋪在其 底下的基質之間的一 Ρ闪部區域中 4 9 •如申請專利範圍第4 8項所述之方法,其中該 形成多色L E D的步驟進一步包括了形成複數個多色L E D裝置 於該第一 S i ◦ 2層上的步驟。 /' -1 4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐) ,-----.--------------裝----------------·玎----------------.Φ- (請先閒讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作杜£p製 六、申請專利範圍 5 0 .如申請專利範圍第4 8項所述之方法,其中該 纯氣包括了乾燥的氮氣。 5 1 •如申請專利範圍第4 8項所述之方法,其中該 第--透明的導電層包括了絪錫氧化物(]Τ ϋ ) 〃 5 2 ·如申請專利範圍第5 1項所述之方法,其進一 步包括了在接近該1 T Q層的一邊緣及其上沉積一金屬接點Κ 作為一正電極之用的步驟。 53 ·如申請專利範圍第4 9項所述之方法,其進一 步包括了在接近該第一透明的導電層的一邊绦及其上沉積 一金屬接點Μ作為一正電極之用的步驟。 54 ·如申請專利範圍第5 3項所述之方法,其中該 第一透明的導電層包括了銦錫氧化物(I Τ 0 ): 55 . —種多色《可充電的發光结構,其包括了: 至少三層金屬導電材料; 一透明的•可充電的發光装置(L i. D )·被個別地置於兩 相鄰的導電材料層中,使得該等L E D S ί皮此相疊在-起而該 等導電材料層之一被置於每兩個之間且其它的導電材 料層則被置5)該等L E D s的外例: 該等導電材料層被置於相部的t E D s之間且該等在外側 的導電材料層之一實質上是透明的;及 在每一導電材料層之上被連接王一偏壓之機構,用X 選擇性地將每一個L E D充電c 5 6 ·如申請專利範圍第5 5項顾述之结構,其中該 -1 5 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) -----------------------^----------------訂----------------4 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部θ央標沒局R二消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 等L E D s中的每一個都發出一種不同的顔色的光: 5 7 ·如申請專利範圍第5 6項所述之结構,其中該 等L E D s被層疊成一垂直的陣列·. 58 ·如申請專利範圍第57項所述之结構,其進一 步包括: 一第三L E D於該層疊中; 該等L E D s中之中間的一個是有效果的Μ發出一預定波 長的光; 其它L E D s中的一個是有效果的以發出一較長波長的光 :及 最底下的L E D是有效果的Κ發出一較短波長的光: Ε 9 •如申請專利範圍第5 7項所述之结構,其進一 步包括: 一透明的基質; 該疊L E D s及導電材抖層以一與該等L ΕΊ; s所發射的光波 的長度梠對應之順序被支撐於該透明的基質上;及 發出最短波長的該L ED最接近該透明的基質使得當每一 個LEL;被充電時從每一個LED被發出宋的光被傳送穿過其它 的1. E D s及穿過該透明的基質_ 60 _如申請專利範圍第59項所述之结搆,其進--步包括 : 一反-反射材料層,其被置於該發射最短波長的L E D與 該透明的基質之間使得當每一個L E D被\充電時從每一個L E D -1 6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210Χ 297公釐) --------.---------------裝::.............玎----------------% (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) ABCD 204842 六、申請專利範圍 發出來的光不會從該透明的基質被反射 6 1 .如申請專利範圍第5 9項所述之结構,其進一 步包括: 一層反射材料,其鄰近該發出波長最長的光之L E fi用Μ 將從該L E D被發出來的光反射回來穿過該基質」 6 2 ·如申請專利範圍第5 5項所述之结構,其中該 導電材料層包括一銦一錫氧化物U Τ 0 )及一金屬。 63 ·如申請專利範圍第62項所述之结構,其中該 金屬具有一小於四電子伏特之功函數- 64 ·如申請專利範圍第5 5項所述之结構·其道一 步包括: 一透明的基質; 該疊1. E D s 5導電材料層一與該等L E D s所發射的光波 的長度相對應之順序被支撐於該透明的基質上;及 發岀最短波畏的K L U最接近該透明的基S!使掲當每… 倨L [ D被充電時從每一個L E D被發出來的光以實質上被降低 的吸收茧來被傳送穿過其它的L E [: s及穿過該透昭的基質 6 5 •如申請專利範圍第6 4項所述之结構 '其進--步包括: 一反-反射材料層,其被置於該發射最短波長的i E D與 該透明的基質之間使得當每一個L E D被充電時從每-個丨.E D 發出來的光不會從該透明的基質被反射· 6 6 ·如申請專利範圍第6 4項傾述之结構,其中該 -1 7 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) ----------------------裝..............、玎----------------.^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作社印製 ABC D 經濟'部宁央標亞局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 導電材料層包括一铟一錫氧ib物U T 0 )及一金屬: 6 7 .如申請專利範圍第6 6項所述之结構,其中該 金屬具有一小於四電子伏特之功函數: 6 8 ·如申請專利範圍第6 4項所述之结構·其進一 步包括 : 一層反射材料,其鄰近該發出波長最長的光之L E D 用 K將從該 LED被發出來的光反射回來穿過該基質: 69 ·如申請專利範圍苐55項所述之结構,其中該 等L E D s中的每一個都是一雙雜環结構: 7 0 ·如申請專利範圍第5 5項所述之結構·其中該 等L E D s中的每一個都是一萤雜環结構- 7 1 .—種可充電的發光结構·苒包括了: 一透明的基質; -第一層Μ略地透明的,可導電的材料' 其被支撐於 該透明的基質上; --·透明的,可充電的,發光裝置(;^ )其被支撐於Κ第 -層蓋略地透明的,可導電的材料上,該L E l·包括-發光1 一第二層可導電的村料其被該i E D所支撐;及 當該ί. E D被充電時其是有效果的,闬K發出光線並將光 線傳送穿過該透明的基質 72 ·如申請專利範圍第7 1項所述之结構,其中該 第一及第二導電材料層包含了絪一錫/-氧化物。 -1 8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2]〇X 297公釐) s-----t.---------------.............、玎----------------I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 2\j4Q42 A8 B8 C8 D8 申請專利範圍 構小 结一 之 有 述具 所其 項 屬 2 金 7 層 第一 圍括 範包 利 步 專 一 主月 隹I 丄=口 、tw 申 層 如料 . 衬 3 電 7 導 二 第 中 其 子 I电 四 r_Φ含 13¾ 包 函 . 一 功 4 從 之 7 是 特 屬 伏 金 之 組 述的 所金 項 合 3 金 7 / 第鎂 圍及 範 砷 利 ’ 專鎂 該 的 中 取 其選 ’ 被 構 中 圍 範 利 專 請申 如 5 7 進 其 構 结 之 述 所 .’ 置 的裝 明光 透發 地 ’ 略的 概 電 是 充 層 可 料 ’ 材的 電 明 導透 : 二 二 了 第 第 括該 一 包 步 撐 支 被 其 --------i-……-------¥——(請先¾讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁〕 上 材 料的 材 電 的導 電 可 導 層 可 三 層 第 二 一 第 被 其 括 包 第 及 ; 撐 層 支 光所 發ED 、1T --π 當 的 果 第 圍 E tE L $ - Hu 一 νκ— 第 專 亥 青 七0 i. 口 過申 穿 如 送 . 傳 6 線 了 光 Μ 用 ’ 質 基 勺 0 效 明 有 透 是 該 其 及 時ΕΓ) 電L 充- 被 UL '7 出 Λ: 2 2¾ 勺 ΰ ¢.电 充 可 之 少 鹽 至 0 了 喧 xn 0 4U -A-- 包II 層 金 光 價 發 三 該 ’ 中物 其 合 , 00 構II 结谢 包 金 價 0 史 Ϊ- 合 鹼 氐 經濟部宁央標準局員二消費合作社印製 if 屬 '□ 金 物 合 慶 勿 頃 rMr· 合 屬 錯金 鹽 價 酸 二 R£T 强 ’ 鹽 物 酸 合 磷 錯 雙 移 , 轉 物 數 合 價 錯 子 子 分 ,u. 結 物 基 合 位錯 配硫 雙 二 _ 腈 金烯 土 稀 /?: 類 物 合 ’ 聚:色 性 料多 環材種 雜的 一 及取 . 性選 7 香被 7 芳中 . 群 勺 *-*-合 箝 ArJ 合 ra比 ' 7«· 麗 了 括 包 其 器 示 -顛 發 勺 ήρ 電 充 可 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210Χ 297公釐) A B c D 經濟部θ央標準局S二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 複數個可充電的發光结構; 該等结構中的每一個都包含複數個透明的發光装置 (L E D )其被彼此層疊起來; 在該等结構的每一者上之該等L E D s中的每一個L E D為可 操作的用K在被充電時發出不同顔色的光;及 用來選擇性第對在每一個结構中之該等L E D s中的至少 一個L E D電氣地充電的檨構使得被該等發光结構中的每一涸 所產生的顔色是由在每一個發光结構中被充電的i. E D或L E D s 所決定的而使得從該等结構中所發ώ來的光產生一具有一 預定的形狀及顔色的形態(1 η g e )- 7 8 ·如申請專利範圍第7 7項所述之顯示器,其中 該等可充電的發光结構被安排成一陣列,該陣列包括至少 兩個軸,且該等發光结構中的每一者都是位在該至〜兩個 铀的交點上 7 9 ‘如申請專利範圍苐7 ft,項吊述之顯示器,其中 該兩個軸定義一水平铀及一垂直铀· 8 0 .如Φ請專利範圍第7 8項所述之顯示器,其中 該用來選擇性第對在每一個结構ΐ之該等ί. E丨)中的至少一 個L E D電氣地充電的機構包括了: 用來從該等结構中選取將被充電的结構及選取在該被 選取的结構中之L E D s之楗構;及 用來對該等軸的每一軸依序地掃瞄的機構使的該用來 選擇性第對在每一個结構中之該等L Ε/1) s中的至少一個L Ε D電 -2 0 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐) ---------------------裝-----------------可----------------.% (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部宁央標準局8二消費合作;杜印製 六、申請專利範圍 氣地充電的機構沿著該等軸掃瞄使得位在該等軸之交點上 之被選取的L E D s被依序地充電K發出光線使得該形態及顔 色被依序地產生。 8 1 .如申請專利範圍第7 7項所述之顯示器,其中 該用來選擇性第對在每一個结構中之該等L Π) s中的至少…-個L E D電氣地充電的機構包括了: 用來簧質上依序地對在該等结構中之該等LEDs充電的 機構使得該形態及顏色依序地被該等结搆所產生〃 82 _如申請專利範圍第77項所述之顯示器,其中 該甩來選擇性第對該等E D s作電氣地充電的機構是有致果 的,K同時對在該等结構中被選取的’结構上之丨.E D s中被選 取的L E D s狍K充電使得在該形態及該等顔色是同時地被該 写结搆中被選取的结構上之L E D s中被選取的L E D s所產生的 8 3 .如山請專利範圍第7 7項两述之顯示器,其中 該等结構中的每一者進一步包括了: 一透明的基質; 該等L E D s中的每一個都具有一底部及一頂部並界定具 有一底部及頂部的層疊(s t a c U,該層疊被支撐於該透明的 基質之上; 一概路地透明之第一層可導電的材料層,該第一層被 置於該底部的L E D與該透明的基質之間; 至少一概略透明之第二層可導電枘材料層,該等第二 -2 1 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) .------„---------------裝----------------'玎----------------線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部°央標準局員二消f合作社印製 \、申請專利範圍 層彼置於相鄰的L E D s之間; 一第一層可導電的材料層,該第一層被置於_近該頂 部 L E D的頂部處;及 在該等可導電的材料層的每一層上之用來被速接至一 偏壓的機構用K選擇性地對該等L E [I s中的每一個充電- 8 4 •如申請專利範圍第8 3項所述之顯示器,其中 該等概路透明之可導電的材料層的每一層及該可導電的材 料層都包括一層銦一錫-氧ib物: 8 5 ·如申請專利範圍第8 3項所述之顯示器,其中 該等概輅透明之可導電的材料層及該可導電的材料層的每 一層都包括一層金屬及一層銦一錫一氧化物: 86 ·如申請專利範圍第85項所述之顯示器,其中 該金屬具有一小於大约四電子伏特之功函數: 8 7 .如申請專利範圍第H S項所述之顯示器,其迆 一步包括了: …層被置於靠近該頂部L E D之頂部處之該可導電的衬料 層之上·Ζ反射材料使得來自於誃等i. f: D S 2光線會被該層反 射材料反射穿過該透明的基質 8 8 .如申請專利範圍第8 7項所述之顯示器 ' 其進 一步包括了: 該疊L E D S K —種依照該等L E D S所發出的光線的波長的 順序被支撐於該透明的基質上;及 發出最短波長的L E D是最接近該透1月的基質使得當該等 -11- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) ------V--------------丨裝................訂----------------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A B c D 經濟部-央標盘局員二消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 L E i) S中的每-一個被充電時從每一個L E D所發出的光線會被傳 送經過其它的L Ε I) S及經過該透明的基質- 8 9 ·如申請專利範圍第8 8項所述之顯示器,其追 一步包括一反一反射材料層,其被置於該發射最短波長的 LED與該透明的基質之間使得當每一個L E D被充電時從每一 個 LED發出來的光不會從該透明的基質被反射」 9 0 ·如申請專利範圍第7 7項所述之顯示器·其進 一步包括: 一透明的基質; 該等I. E D S中的每一個都具有一頂部及一底部: 至少兩層概珞透明的導電材料層\至些層中的一 1被 置於該透明的基質上; 在每一個該等结構中之該等L E D S中z —個L E D的底部是 被支擋於該等概略透明的導電材料層之一層上; 其它的概路透明的導電村料暦被置於其餘的L E D S Z間 使得該等I· E D界定一層叠(f. t ΰ c丨;); 一層可導電的材料層其被支撐於該# L $離該透明 的基質最遠ZLEDZ上;及 在該等概略透明的導電材料層的每一層上及在該導電 材料層上;Z作為被連接至一闬來對每一個1. E D電氣地充電之 偏壓之甩的機構。 9 1 •如申請專利範圍第9 0項所述之顯示器,其中 該等概路透明之可導電的材料層的每^層及該可導電的材 -2 3 - 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐) r-----,----------------裝----------------、玎----------------線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A B c D 經濟.部央標準局員二消費合作杜印製 六、申請專利範圍 料層都包括一層銦-錫-氧化物 9 2 .如申請專利範圍第9 0項所述之顯示器,其中 該等概硌透明之可導電的材料層的每一層及該可導電的材 料層都包栝一暦金屬及一層絪一錫-氧化物: 9 3 ·如申請專利範圍第9 2項所述之顯示器,其中 該金屬具有一小於大約四電子伏特之功函數: 9 4 ·如申請專利範圍第9 0項所述之顯示器,其迤 一步包括了: 一層被置於靠近該頂部L E D之頂部處之該可導電的材料 層之上Z反射材料使得來自於該等L E D S之光線會被該層反 射材料反射穿過該透明的基質: 95 .如申請專利範圍第94項所述之顯示器,其中 該疊L E I) S K —種依照該写1. E D S所發出的光線的波長的 順序被支撐5丨該透明的基質上;及 發出最短液長的L E D是最接近該透明的基質使得當該写 L Π; S中的每-·個被充電時從每一個:.[I;闹發S的光综會被傳 送羥過其t的L E D S及經過該透明ίΐί基質 S 6 •如申請專利範圍第9 C項吁述之顯示器‘其追 一步包括: 一反-反射材料層,其被置於該發射最短波長的L E D 與該透明的基質之間使得當每一個L E D被充電時從每一個 L E D發出來的光不會從該透明的基質/被反射= -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐) ------->---------------^..............訂 線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ABC D 經濟.郎中央標牮局員二消f合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 9 7 ·如申請專利範圍第7 7項所述之顯示器 '其中 該等複數個L E D ’ S包括了 : 三個L, E D S ; 每一個L E D都是一雙雜環结構(D li ); 該最接近該透明的基質之L E I)當其被充電時會發出Μ色 的光; 該離該透明的基質最遠的L E D當其被充電時會發出紅色 的光;及 其它的L E D是有效果的,當其被充電時會發出綠色的光 9 8 ·如申請專利範園第9 7項所述;Ζ顯示器,其中 該等L E D S中的每一個!. E D都包括一發光1 ,該發光層包括了 --從一包含了三價金S嗤谢鹽錯合物,三價金屬橋喹硝鹽 錯合物·史提夫氐鹼 (S c h ] f f b a s e )二價金屬錯合物,羯 (1 γ )金屬錯合物,金屬丙_酸鹽錯合物,金屬雙Ε ί立基 结合子錯合物 '雙磷酸鹽類 '二價金麗_ 丁烯腈二硫錯合 物,分子價數轉移錯合物,芳香控及雜環性聚合物類及_ 土金屬混合的箝合物的组群中被選取的材料- 99 .如申請專利範圍第77項所述之顯示器·其中 該等複數個L E D ’ S包括了 : 三個LEDS ; 每一個L E D都是一單雜環结構(S Η ): 該最接近該透明的基質之1. E D當其被充電時會發出藍色 -2 5 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X 297公釐) ,-----r--------------裝----------------、可---------------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 294842 A8 B8 C8 D8 申請專利範圍 基 勺 白 明 f < 1 透 L 該 的 離及它 ; 該;其 光光 勺 勺 β άμ 有 是 充 被 其 當 D E _—I 勺 白 遠 最 會 時 色 - 出 果 出 發 會 時 電 充 被 其 當 光 ;nj .B 色 中 項 9 9第圍 範利LE1專 個金請一 價申 每 三如的了 . 中 含 S , ο D 包 Εο L 一 1 等 從 括 包 都 II 光 發 物 合 錯 0 琳 附 It 器:!橋 麗 0 一 之 價 述 I,Ξ 括 包 層 光 發 <-··' ΚΒ 氏夫 Ε疋 ϋ r, t 物 合 社日 0 錫 物合 錯 屬 金 價 基 合 位 錯 配硫 雙 二 腈 屬烯 金 丁 ’ 順 物 屬 ,1口 金 錯價 鹽 二 酸 ’ 麵類 丙1S 屬 酸 金磷 ’ 雙 物 ’ 合 物 錯 合 屬 錯 金 子 V;合 (]结 斗T- 合 昔 多 ίτ' 轉 7Χ 襄 價 子 分 稀¾ 類 物 合 聚 性 環 雜¾ 性 香 ,-4, 材 的 取 選 被 ^1 WTT 0.0.组 -ι:ν 合 箝 的 合 曰比 屬 金 土 ο 色 -夕 I 造 製 f-n一 i " Sr入 NVI 的 電 " 可 的 構 (請先閱讀背面之汰意事項再塌寫本頁) 有 驟 步 白 括 包- 方 質 基 勺 ,πρ 明 透 j 供 提 提 經濟部宁央標康局員二消費合作..杜印製 第 長 供 是 J f.J 第 第 概 明 11'电 明 質 極 二 光 勺 β 明 透 其 當 勺 δ 乍 搡 可 是 ώ 發 會 時 I电 充 ί*.’ 供 提 上提 層 電 基 上 定 導 的 弓 8 透 概 第 亡-α Λ、.、 s 層 電 導 的 明 透 略 概 二 第 體 極 二 光 發 的 明 透 二 第 透 略 概 二 第 該 於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) 六、申請專利範圍 該 長 波 , 的 上定 層預 電被 導二 的 第 明一 A8 B8 C8 D8 可 是 的 乍 出 sr人 時 電 充 被 其 "•Β 亥 4 二 ci IX 其 長 .ΓΓ> AUU 來 要 長 波 的 定 預 其 層 其合s' , 電 , 錯 b 法導 法Igi 方 的 方谢If 之 明 之喹C1'] 述:透 及 述屬(3 所由路 ; 所金齡 項II概 上上 項價氐 ] 了 二 層層 2 |二 夫 ο 括第 _ 光· ο 了提 1 包及 傳發 1 含 史 第驟一 動層 第包, LE圍步第 電 一 圍從物 二 範的該 層每 範一 合 第和 Dr.Mfl D ^ 7 錯 該專LEfi每fsLE專括鹽 於請二 輸 於輸 個請包6H 層 申第傳 層 傳一 申都喹 電 如及動 光子每 如層橋 導. 一電 發電成 .光Is 一 2 第一 一一形 ?」 發 金 供 ο 該積 積積來 ο 層價 提 1 供沉 沉沉lr1 i 三 ¾提 ; 步 每 , ; 中 上 等Ψ物 上 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 ,1T 易 if 物 合 0 屬 金 價 屬 金 Is 酸 S 丙 屬 金 物 合 基 位 H.J 雙 屬 金 物 磷 雙 物 合 Η日 <系 子 合 苜; *-κ Βπ 價 線 經濟部中央標準局員二消費合作杜印製 及 性 香 被 芳 中 - 群 物組 合 的 錯物 移 合 轉rg 數 的 價 合 子 混 分 屬 ’ 金 物 丄丄 合 稀 錯S 碇類 二 物 腈 合 铺聚 性料 順環材 疆雜的 選 中 其 的 ’ 電 法 導 方 可 之 該 述及 所 層 項 i 5 每 ο 的 ] 層 第 料 圍材 i車 0 利 電 專導 請 可 申 之 D . 透 4 路 ο 概 1 等 其 法 方 ΓΙ 之 物述 化所 氧 項 I ,2 // 錫 ο i 1 銦第 層 圍 1 範 及 利 屬專 金 請 層 申 一 如 括 ‘ 包 5 都 ο 層 1 料 材 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) A B c D 六、申請專利範圍 經濟部中央標at局員Η消費合泎杜印製(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) 裝 •一=口 線 A B c D \、申請專利範圍 導電村料,該第一層是在該電洞傳_ 1上‘該第二層是在 該電子傳輸層上;及 該發光層包括了從從包含了三價金圈喹硝IS錯台物, 三價金屬橋喹硏鹽錯合物,史提夫氏鹼(s c ti 1 ί f base) ^ 價金屬錯合物,錫 ϋ Ο金屬錯合物 '金屬丙詞酸IS錯合物 ,金屬雙配位基结合子錯合物,雙磷豉鹽類,二價金屬 順丁烯腈二硫錯合物,分子價數轉移錯台物,芳香性及雜 環性聚合物類及稀土金屬混合的箝合物的組群中被選取的 材料- 1 : 1 •如申請專利範圍第]ί 0項所述Z装置 ' 其 屮: 該發光層的厚度不會大於2 0 C: Λ ; 該電洞傳_層的學度不#文於]0 0 0 A :及 :;§:電子傳輸_的厚度不會大於1 0 0 0 A (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 、vs 線 經濟部〇,央標单局員工消費合作杜印製 -29- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐)
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US5707745A (en) | 1994-12-13 | 1998-01-13 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Multicolor organic light emitting devices |
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JP2982699B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-04 | 1999-11-29 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | 多層型有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の電子注入層形成用材料 |
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- 1995-12-06 GB GB9712218A patent/GB2313478B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-06 DE DE19581862T patent/DE19581862T1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-06 PL PL95320750A patent/PL179550B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-06 DE DE69527308T patent/DE69527308T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 BR BR9510076A patent/BR9510076A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-06 KR KR1019970703981A patent/KR100419020B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-06 JP JP51983096A patent/JP3496681B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 EP EP01108236A patent/EP1119059A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-06 CN CNB001095781A patent/CN1236410C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 AU AU45093/96A patent/AU690413B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-12-06 CA CA002206769A patent/CA2206769A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-06 ES ES09650018A patent/ES2117590B1/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 EP EP95943680A patent/EP0808244B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-06 WO PCT/US1995/015790 patent/WO1996019792A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-06 RU RU97112083/09A patent/RU2160470C2/ru active
- 1995-12-06 CN CN95196807A patent/CN1096936C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-12 AR AR33458295A patent/AR001331A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-13 FR FR9514793A patent/FR2728082B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-13 IT IT95MI002610A patent/IT1277977B1/it active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-22 TW TW084113746A patent/TW294842B/zh active
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1996
- 1996-04-15 US US08/632,316 patent/US5721160A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1997
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- 1997-06-12 NO NO972706A patent/NO972706L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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1999
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2000
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Cited By (2)
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US8963420B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2015-02-24 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Organic electro-luminescence display panel for preventing the display panel from degrading and a method for fabricating the same |
TWI595641B (zh) * | 2011-08-29 | 2017-08-11 | 樂金顯示科技股份有限公司 | 有機電致發光顯示面板及其製造方法 |
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