JP2021044566A - 積層水平アクティブストリップに配置され、垂直制御ゲートを有するマルチゲートnorフラッシュ薄膜トランジスタストリング - Google Patents
積層水平アクティブストリップに配置され、垂直制御ゲートを有するマルチゲートnorフラッシュ薄膜トランジスタストリング Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願(仮特許出願)9月30日に出願された「積層水平アクティブストリップに配置され、垂直制御ゲートを有するマルチゲートNORフラッシュ薄膜トランジスタストリング」と題する米国特許出願第62/235,322号に関し優先権の利益を主張する。仮特許出願は、参照によってその全体が本明細書に組み込まれるものとする。
本発明は、高密度メモリ構造に関する。特に、本発明は、薄膜蓄積トランジスタなどの薄膜記憶素子が相互接続されることによって形成された高密度メモリ構造に関する。
(読み取り動作)
このような段階的電圧増加ステップは、TFTの電気的ストレスを低減し、目標閾値電圧のオーバーシュートを回避する。ブロック内の他の全てのグローバルワードラインは半選択10ボルトに設定される。ブロック内でアドレス指定されていないすべてのプレーンのすべてのアクティブストリップ、及びアドレス指定されたプレーン内の個別にアドレス指定されていないすべてのアクティブストリップも10ボルトに設定されているか、あるいは浮動でもよい。これらのアクティブストリップは、10ボルトのローカルワードラインに強く容量結合されており、従って10ボルトに近い浮動状態にある。段階的に高い電圧プログラミングパルスが読み出しサイクルに引き続いて印加され、アドレスされたTFTがその目標閾値電圧に達したかどうかを決定する。目標閾値電圧に達すると、アクティブストリップ電圧は10ボルトに上昇される(あるいは代替的にストリップが浮動し、ブロック内の1つのアドレスされたグローバルワードラインを除くすべてが10ボルトに上昇されたとき10ボルトに近くまで上げられる)、追加のプログラミングは禁じられる一方で、グローバルワードラインは、目標とする閾値電圧をまだ達成していない同一平面上の他のアドレス指定されたストリップをプログラミングし続ける。アドレス指定されたすべてのTFTが正しくプログラムされるようにリードベリファイされると、プログラミングシーケンスは終了する。MLCが使用されるとき、複数の閾値電圧状態のうちの正しい1つのプログラミングは、すべてのアドレス指定されたアクティブストリップのコンデンサCを最初にプリチャージすることによって、いくつかの電圧のうちの1つ(例えば、各TFTに2ビットの情報が記憶される場合には、0,1.5,3.0,又は4.5ボルト)へ加速することができる(例えば、接続270及びプリチャージワードライン208−chg、図3参照)。次いで、20ボルトのパルスがアドレス指定されたグローバルワードラインに印加され、TFTを異なる有効トンネリング電圧(すなわち、それぞれ20,18.5,17又は15.5ボルト)に暴露し、その結果、単一コースのプログラミングステップでプログラムされた4つの閾値のうちの正しい1つをもたらす電圧に落ち着く。その後、個々のTFTレベルで精細なプログラミングパルスを印加することができる。
Claims (22)
- 実質的に平坦な表面を有する半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記表面上に形成され、所定の距離によって分離されているアクティブストリップの第1のスタック及び第2のスタックであって、当該アクティブストリップの各スタックは2以上のアクティブストリップを含み、その1つは他の平面のトップに分離形成され、前記実質的に平坦な表面に対して実質的に平行な第1の方向に沿って互いに縦方向に実質的に整列している、該アクティブストリップの第1のスタック及びアクティブストリップの第2のスタックと、
電荷トラップ材料と、
前記実質的に平坦な表面に実質的に垂直な方向である第2の方向に沿って縦方向に延在し、前記アクティブストリップの第1のスタックと前記アクティブストリップの第2のスタックとの間に設けられた複数の導体であって、前記第1のスタック及び前記第2のスタックにおいて、各アクティブストリップは第1の導電型である第1の半導体レイヤーが、それぞれが第2の導電型である第2の半導体レイヤーと第3の半導体レイヤーとの間に設けられており、かつ前記導体は前記アクティブストリップの第1のスタック及び前記アクティブストリップの第2のスタックで形成される前記導体のグループ内にあり、前記グループ内にある各導体は前記電荷トラップ材料によって分離されてそれによって各アクティブストリップでNORストリングを形成し、各NORストリングは前記アクティブストリップの前記第1、第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーとこれらに隣接する電荷トラップ材料と前記グループ内にある前記導体とから作成される複数のメモリトランジスタを含む、該複数の導体と、
前記半導体基板の前記平坦な表面内及び上に形成された回路と、
それぞれ平坦な表面に平行な方向に沿って張られた第1及び第2のグローバル導電性配線のセットであって、前記第1のグローバル導線のセットは、アクティブストリップの前記第1及び第2のスタック上方に張られ、前記第2のグローバル導線のセットは、アクティブストリップの前記第1及び第2のスタック下方に張られ、前記第1又は第2のグローバル導線のセットは前記回路を前記導体へ接続する働きをする、該第1及び第2のグローバル導電性配線のセットとを備え、
アクティブストリップの各NORストリングは、それぞれ、第2及び第3半導体レイヤーから形成されたソース及びドレイン領域を有する1又は複数のプリチャージトランジスタを含み、かつ各NORストリングに対応する別々の導体を有し、ここで第2の半導体レイヤーは、回路から絶縁され、かつ容量的に前記アクティブストリップに隣接する複数の導体に結合され、さらに、前記回路は、電圧の構成のうちの1つを印加して、選択された1つ又は複数のメモリトランジスタ又は1又は複数のプリチャージトランジスタを通電状態にさせ、回路から第3の半導体レイヤーを介して第2の半導体レイヤーに所定の時間にわたって電流経路を提供でき、それによって、第1及び第2の半導体レイヤーの寄生容量を選択された所定の電圧のうちの選択された1つにプリチャージし、前記選択された所定の電圧は、メモリトランジスタのプログラム、プログラム禁止、データの読み出し及び消去のうちの1つのために選択され、
1つ又は複数の平面内の各アクティブストリップの前記第2又は第3の半導体レイヤーが、1つ又は複数の平面内のアドレス指定されたメモリトランジスタの1つ又は複数の読み出し動作を実行する前に、読み出し動作に対応する所定の電圧に適切に同時にプリチャージされる一方で、第2又は第3の半導体レイヤーは、対応するアクティブストリップに沿った静電容量によって前記所定の電圧を一時的に保持し、
1つ又は複数の平面上のアクティブストリップのそれぞれのプリチャージされる前記所定の電圧が、それぞれの仮想的なソース電圧をもたらす、互いに電気的に絶縁された仮想接地電圧として働き、前記NORストリングの各々のソース電圧が前記半導体基板の接地電圧に接続されなくなり、それにより、前記アドレス指定された多数のメモリトランジスタが同時に読み取られるときの接地電圧バウンスを回避することを特徴とするメモリ構造。 - 前記第1、第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーはそれぞれポリシリコンを含み、メモリトランジスタはそれぞれ薄膜トランジスタからなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記第1の半導体レイヤーはP−ドープされたポリシリコンであり、前記第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーはN+ドープされたポリシリコンであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記導体は、N+ドープされたポリシリコン、P+ドープされたポリシリコン、及び二酸化シリコンに関して高仕事関数の耐熱金属のうちの1つを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 各アクティブストリップは、前記第2又は第3の少なくともいずれかの半導体レイヤーと電気的に接触し、かつ長手方向に実質的に整列している金属レイヤーをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記電荷トラップ材料は、窒化シリコンの1又は複数のレイヤーを含み、酸化シリコン又は他の絶縁材レイヤー間に設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 各導体は、所定の値を超える電圧が第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーの一方に対して導体に印加されると、導体に隣接する電荷トラップ材料が電荷を蓄積しストアされたデータを表現し、これは各メモリトランジスタに記録された二進情報の1又は複数のビットを表すことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 各導体は、一又は複数のメモリトランジスタのゲート端子として働き、かつ各メモリトランジスタ内のNORストリングで、第1、第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーは、チャネル領域、共通ソース領域及び共通ドレイン領域を形成し、それぞれ、共通ソース及びドレイン領域はNORストリングにあるメモリトランジスタに共有されるソース及びドレインであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 各アクティブストリップは、第1の側縁と第2の側縁を有し、NORストリングが前記各々の第1の側縁と第2の側縁に沿って形成され、第1の側縁に沿って形成された前記NORストリングは、第2の側縁沿って形成された前記NORストリングとは別個独立に動作されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 第1のアクティブストリップの第1の側縁に沿うNORにあるメモリトランジスタのゲート端子として、かつ第1のアクティブストリップに隣接する第2のアクティブストリップの第2の側縁に沿うNORにあるメモリトランジスタのゲート端子として前記各々の導体が働くことを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記第1のグローバル導線のセットは前記回路を前記導体へ接続し、第1のアクティブストリップの第1の側縁に沿うNORにあるメモリトランジスタのゲート端子として働き、かつ前記第2のグローバル導線のセットは前記回路を前記導体へ接続し、前記アクティブストリップの第2の側縁に沿うNORにあるメモリトランジスタのゲート端子として働くことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記回路と各アクティブストリップの1又は複数の前記第1、第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーとを接続するための追加の導線が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメモリ構造。
- 各メモリトランジスタの前記電荷トラップ材料に蓄積された電荷は、前記メモリトランジスタに記憶されたデータを表示し、前記回路は、各メモリトランジスタに課される電圧の複数の構成を提供する電圧源を含み、前記メモリトランジスタに記憶されたデータのプログラム充電、プログラム禁止充電、前記記憶されたデータの読み出し又は消去を実行可能とすることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記データは、アナログメモリ内の記憶された状態の連続体を表すことを特徴とする、請求項13に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記回路は、前記メモリトランジスタに記憶されたデータを感知するための1つ又は複数のセンスアンプをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項13に記載のメモリ構造。
- 読み出し又はプログラム動作中、NORストリングのアドレス指定されたメモリトランジスタに接続された前記導体のみが、前記読み出し又はプログラム動作に必要な所定の電圧まで瞬間的に上昇され、前記NORストリングの他のすべてのメモリトランジスタに関連付けられている導体は、消去されたメモリトランジスタの閾値電圧より低い電圧に保持されることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記アドレス指定されたメモリトランジスタが存在する平面以外の1つ又は複数の平面上のアクティブストリップは、それらの第2又は第3の半導体レイヤーが浮動又は禁止電圧にプリチャージされることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載のメモリ構造。
- 2つ以上の平面上のアクティブストリップに接続された前記メモリトランジスタが、単一のコンカレントプログラミング動作で独立にプリチャージされ一緒にプログラムされることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記コンカレントプログラミング動作の間に、各平面内の各アクティブストリップの前記第2又は第3の半導体レイヤーが、プログラム又はプログラム禁止動作に対応する所定の電圧に適切にプリチャージされ、プログラミング電圧パルスは、次に1又は複数のアドレス指定された導体に付加され、アドレス指定された導体に接続された全てのメモリトランジスタがそれらのそれぞれの意図された状態に到達したことが読み取り検証された後に、並行プログラミング動作が終了することを特徴とする請求項18に記載のメモリ構造。
- プログラミング電圧は、プログラミングシーケンスにおけるいくつかのプログラミング電圧のうちの1つであり、前記プログラミング電圧の各々は、異なるデータ値を表すことを特徴とする、請求項19に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記電荷トラップ材料が、数分、数時間又は数日で測定された時間の後に、ストアされているメモリの状態に応じて前記電荷の所定の部分を失う場合において、前記記憶されたメモリの状態が崩壊する時間よりも短い間隔インターバルの間に、各メモリトランジスタについて前記電荷が読み出され、及びリフレッシュされることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のメモリ構造。
- 前記電荷は、前記第1、第2及び第3の半導体レイヤーの少なくとも1つから、ファウラー・ノルドハイム・トンネリング又は直接トンネリングメカニズム又はチャネルホットエレクトロン注入によって提供されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のメモリ構造。
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