JP2001504973A - 新規な多状態メモリ - Google Patents
新規な多状態メモリInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001504973A JP2001504973A JP51217399A JP51217399A JP2001504973A JP 2001504973 A JP2001504973 A JP 2001504973A JP 51217399 A JP51217399 A JP 51217399A JP 51217399 A JP51217399 A JP 51217399A JP 2001504973 A JP2001504973 A JP 2001504973A
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Read Only Memory (AREA)
- Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.複数のセクターに編成されて、複数の多状態の1つを各々記憶する複数の EEPROMメモリセルと、 上記複数のセクターの各々に関連され、上記多状態の各々に対する1つ以上の 追跡セルと、 上記追跡セルのプログラムされた状態に関連した生のデータを読み取るための 読み取り回路と、 上記生のデータをデジタル形態に変換するコンバータ回路と、 各々の上記追跡セルから読み取られてデジタル形態に変換された上記生のデー タに基づいて、複数の物理状態の各々に対し所望の読み取り点を確立するための メモリコントローラと、 を備えたことを特徴とする多状態メモリ。 2.複数のセクターに編成されて、複数の多状態の1つを各々記憶する複数の EEPROMメモリセルを備え、各セクターは行及び列のアレーより成り、 更に、セル動作回路を備え、この回路は、 列指向的に編成された感知回路と、 列指向的に編成されたステアリング素子と、 行指向的に編成された選択回路とを含み、 行に沿って選択された1つ以上のセルは、同時に読み取ることができ、 更に、基準ソースと、 選択されたセルに対する照合回路であって、その選択されたセルの関連ステア リング素子に対応書き込み状態の照合に対応する条件を適用し、そして上記基準 ソースを用いて読み取ったデータを受け取り、上記メモリセルの選択された1つ が、所望のプログラム状態に関連した導通特性まで充分にプログラムされたかど うかを決定するための照合回路と、 列指向的に編成された書き込み回路とを備え、 上記メモリセルの選択された1つ以上は、関連するステアリング素子セットで 対応する書き込み状態へと同時に書きこむことができ、そして更に、上記選択さ れたメモリセルがそれらの所望の状態へと充分にプログラムされたことを上記照 合回路が指示するときにプログラムされている上記行に沿った選択されたメモリ セルのプログラミングを終了するための終了回路を備えたことを特徴とする多状 態メモリ。 3.上記基準は、上記多状態の1つに各々関連した複数の基準値を表わすこと ができる調整可能な基準より成る請求項2に記載のメモリ。 4.上記基準は、階段状電流のソースである請求項3に記載のメモリ。 5.上記基準は、上記多状態の1つに各々関連した複数の基準値より成る請求 項2に記載のメモリ。 6.上記基準値の各々は電流ソースより成る請求項5に記載のメモリ。 7.上記書き込み回路は、選択された行に沿った選択されたセルのセットを書 き込むように動作し、そしてプログラミングのレベルが達成されたことを上記照 合回路が指示するときに上記選択されたセルのセットの各々の上記プログラミン グを独立して終了させる請求項3又は5に記載のメモリ。 8.各々の上記追跡セルから読み取られてデジタル形態に変換された上記生の データに基づいて、複数の物理状態の各々に対し所望の読み取り点を確立するた めのメモリコントローラを更に備えた請求項2に記載のメモリ。 9.セクターは、最小の消去可能な単位である請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ 。 10.上記メモリコントローラは、各セクターの物理−論理状態変換も決定す る請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 11.上記メモリコントローラは、各セルから読み取られるデータの質も決定 する請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 12.上記追跡セルは、上記読み取り比較点を確立するように周期的に読み取 られる請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 13.上記追跡セルは、上記読み取り比較点を確立するために欠陥の場合に読 み取られる請求項12に記載の多状態メモリ。 14.上記追跡セルは、上記読み取り比較点を確立するために通常の読み取り 動作の一部分として読み取られる請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 15.上記生のデータは、メモリセル電流測定値を含む請求項1又は8に記載 のメモリ。 16.上記比較点は、上記追跡セルから読み取られた生のデータに基づいて確 立された最適な余裕で確立される請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 17.上記メモリコントローラは、不充分な余裕の比較点も確立する請求項1 又は8に記載のメモリ。 18.上記不充分な余裕の比較点は、メモリセルから読み取られるデータの質 の尺度を与えるのに使用される請求項17に記載の多状態メモリ。 19.上記メモリコントローラは、読み取られたデータの余裕が不充分である という決定に応答して、上記データを再書き込みさせる請求項18に記載の多状 態メモリ。 20.上記データの再書き込みは、不充分な余裕の読み取られたデータがセル をより以上のプログラムされた状態へ移行する必要がある場合にセルベースで実 行される請求項19に記載の多状態メモリ。 21.上記データの再書き込みは、不充分な余裕の読み取られたデータがセル をより以下のプログラムされた状態へ移行する必要がある場合にセルベースで実 行される請求項19に記載の多状態メモリ。 22.上記再プログラミングは、セクターを消去しそしてセクターを再プログ ラミングすることにより行なわれる請求項21に記載の多状態メモリ。 23.不充分な余裕に応答してデータが再書き込みされる回数のカウントを維 持し、そして所定のカウントに達したときに、上記メモリセルの選択されたセル を再書き込みではなくマップアウトさせるためのカウンタを更に備えた請求項1 9に記載のメモリ。 24.上記カウンタをセクター当たり1つ含む請求項23に記載のメモリ。 25.上記メモリセル及び上記メモリコントローラは、単一の集積回路上に含 まれる請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 26.上記メモリセルは、1つ以上の集積回路に含まれ、そして上記メモリコ ントローラは、別の集積回路に含まれる請求項1又は8に記載のメモリ。 27.読み取り/書き込み経路と、 読み取り専用の経路と、 上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路に共通のフローティ ングゲートとを備えたことを特徴とするメモリセル。 28.上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路は、読み取り 中に使用される請求項27に記載のメモリセル。 29.複数のセクターに編成された複数のEEPROMメモリセルを備え、各 セクターは、少なくとも1つの消耗検出セルを含み、該セルは、 読み取り/書き込み経路と、 読み取り専用の経路と、 上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路に共通のフローテ ィングゲートとを備え、 更に、読み取り中に上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路 の導通特性の差を検出して、上記消耗検出セルの消耗量を測定するための制御回 路を備えたことを特徴とするメモリ。 30.上記セクターのうち、過剰な消耗を示す消耗検出セルに関連したセクタ ーに取って代わるための交換セクターを更に備えた請求項29に記載のメモリ。 31.上記制御回路は、メモリセルの各読み取り中に上記読み取り/書き込み 経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路の両方を動作させる請求項29に記載のメモリ 。 32.上記制御回路は、上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の 経路の両方を周期的に動作させる請求項29に記載のメモリ。 33.上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路の両方は、次 の事象、即ちデータ読み取り欠陥、データ読み取りの不充分な余裕度、時間の経 過、読み取りサイクルの数、書き込みサイクルの数及び消去サイクルの数の1つ 以上に基づいて動作される請求項32に記載のメモリ。 34.上記読み取り/書き込み経路及び上記読み取り専用の経路の両方は、ラ ンダム数発生器に基づいて動作される請求項32に記載のメモリ。 35.複数のワードライン及び複数のEEPROMメモリセルを備えたメモリ を動作する方法であって、各セルは、1つのワードライン及び1つのビットライ ンに独特に関連し、各メモリセルは、フローティングゲート電極、ステアリング 電極及び消去電極を有し、上記方法は、 行に沿って上記メモリセルの1つ以上を選択し、 上記選択された1つ以上のメモリセルの上記ステアリング電極に印加されるス テアリング電圧の大きさをセルごとに制御し、 上記選択された1つ以上のメモリセルの上記フローティングゲートから電荷を 除去するように、上記選択された1つ以上のメモリセルの消去電位を確立する、 という段階を備え、そして 各フローティングゲートからの電子の除去の大きさは、その関連ステアリング 電極に印加されるステアリング電位の大きさによりセルごとに確立されることを 特徴とする方法。 36.上記消去電位をパルス化し、 どのセルが充分に消去されたか決定し、そして 充分に消去されなかったセルに対して上記消去電位を再びパルス化し、そして 充分に消去されたセルへの上記消去電位の印加を終了する、 という繰り返し行なわれる段階を更に備えた請求項35に記載の方法。 37.上記消去は、上記選択されたメモリセルにデータを書き込むように働く 請求項35又は36に記載の方法。 38.上記データは、上記消去前の上記フローティングゲートの電荷の量に等 しいか又はそれより低い上記フローティングゲートの電荷によって表わされる請 求項37に記載の方法。 39.上記データは、多状態データより成る請求項38に記載の方法。 40.上記消去前に上記フローティングゲートに上記量の電荷を確立すること は、上記メモリセルのソース領域から上記メモリセルのフローティングゲートヘ のホット電子プログラミングによって行なわれる請求項38に記載の方法。 41.メモリセルのワードラインをメモリセルの複数のサブセットに分割し、 メモリセルの上記サブセットの各々を同時に消去し、そして 所与のサブセットの全メモリセルが充分に消去されたときには、メモリセルの 他のサブセットの消去が完了したかどうかに関わらず、メモリセルの上記サブセ ット各々の消去をセルごとに終了する、 という段階を更に備えた請求項35に記載の方法。
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US08/910,947 US6222762B1 (en) | 1992-01-14 | 1997-08-07 | Multi-state memory |
US08/910,947 | 1997-08-07 | ||
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- 1998-07-29 WO PCT/US1998/015657 patent/WO1999008284A2/en unknown
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2000
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010146722A (ja) * | 2002-01-18 | 2010-07-01 | Sandisk Corp | 複数読出しにより不揮発性メモリにおけるノイズの影響を低減する方法 |
US7848149B2 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2010-12-07 | Sandisk Corporation | Reducing the effects of noise in non-volatile memories through multiple reads |
JP2005527062A (ja) * | 2002-05-20 | 2005-09-08 | サンディスク コーポレイション | 格納されたデータの品質についての情報を用いることによる誤り訂正符号の効率向上およびマルチレベルメモリシステムの操作 |
US8103938B2 (en) | 2002-05-20 | 2012-01-24 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Increasing the effectiveness of error correction codes and operating multi-level memory systems by using information about the quality of the stored data |
JP2007500918A (ja) * | 2003-06-13 | 2007-01-18 | サンディスク コーポレイション | メモリ・システムのトラッキング・セル |
US8416624B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2013-04-09 | SanDisk Technologies, Inc. | Erase and programming techniques to reduce the widening of state distributions in non-volatile memories |
JP2013191267A (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-26 | Flashsilicon Inc | マルチレベルセル不発揮性メモリ(mlcnvm)の高効率ビット変換構造及びその方法 |
US11467903B2 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-10-11 | SK Hynix Inc. | Memory system and operating method thereof |
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