CN109313585B - 用于管理工作负荷执行效率的技术 - Google Patents
用于管理工作负荷执行效率的技术 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
用于管理被管理节点中的工作负荷执行效率的技术包含被管理节点,该被管理节点包含一个或更多个处理器,每个处理器包含多个核。被管理节点要执行指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的线程,生成指示线程执行的效率的遥测数据,根据遥测数据来确定对核之间的线程配置的调整以提高线程的执行效率,并施加所确定的调整。其它实施例也被描述并且要求保护。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2016年12月30日提交的题为“TECHNOLOGIES FOR MANAGING THEEFFICIENCY OF WORKLOAD EXECUTION”的美国实用专利申请(序列号为15/395,174)的优先权,并且该实用专利申请要求2016年7月22日提交的美国临时专利申请(序列号为62/365,969)、2016年8月18日提交的美国临时专利申请(序列号为62/376,859)、和2016年11月29日提交的美国临时专利申请(序列号为62/427,268)的优先权。
背景技术
在典型的基于云的计算环境(例如,数据中心)中,多个计算节点可代表顾客执行工作负荷(例如,应用、服务等)。人力管理员可以尝试通过估计计算节点完成具体工作负荷所花费的时间来确定计算节点的效率。类似地,管理员可以通过跟踪跨所有计算节点完成工作负荷的时间量的巨大努力来形成数据中心的效率估计。然而,管理员没有深入了解每个计算节点内组件的效率,并且通常无法调整被管理节点内组件的配置以提高计算节点内的效率。因此,为了提高数据中心的性能,管理员通常安装更多硬件(例如,更多计算节点),这导致增加的成本和提高的能量消耗。
附图说明
本文描述的概念在附图中通过示例的方式而非通过限制的方式而被图示。为了图示的简洁和清晰起见,在附图中图示的元件不一定按比例绘制。在认为适当之处,参考标记在附图之间已经被重复以指示对应或类似的元件。
图1是根据各种实施例的数据中心的概念性概述的图解,其中可以实现本文描述的一种或更多种技术;
图2是图1的数据中心的机架的逻辑配置的示例实施例的图解;
图3是根据各种实施例的另一数据中心的示例实施例的图解,其中可以实现本文描述的一种或更多种技术;
图4是根据各种实施例的数据中心的另一示例实施例的图解,其中可以实现本文描述的一种或更多种技术;
图5是表示可以在图1、图3和图4的数据中心的各种滑板之间建立的链路层连接性的连接性方案的图解;
图6是根据一些实施例可以表示在图1-4中描绘的机架中的任何一个具体机架的架构的机架架构的图解;
图7是可与图6的机架架构一起使用的滑板的示例实施例的图解;
图8是为以扩展能力为特征的滑板提供支撑的机架架构的示例实施例的图解;
图9是根据图8的机架架构实现的机架的示例实施例的图解;
图10是设计成用于与图9的机架结合使用的滑板的示例实施例的图解;
图11是根据各种实施例的数据中心的示例实施例的图解,其中可以实现本文描述的一种或更多种技术;
图12是用于管理一组被管理节点中的工作负荷执行效率的系统的至少一个实施例的简化框图;
图13是图12的系统的被管理节点的至少一个实施例的简化框图;
图14是可由图12和13的被管理节点建立的环境的至少一个实施例的简化框图;
图15是可由图12的编排器服务器建立的环境的至少一个实施例的简化框图;
图16-17是用于管理可由图12-14的被管理节点执行的工作负荷执行效率的方法的至少一个实施例的简化流程图;以及
图18-19是用于管理可由图12的编排器服务器执行的多个被管理节点之间的工作负荷执行效率的方法的至少一个实施例的简化流程图。
具体实施方式
虽然本公开的概念可容许各种修改和备选形式,但其特定实施例已经在附图中通过示例的方式被示出了,并且将在本文中被详细描述。然而,应该理解到,并不意图将本公开的概念限制于所公开的具体形式,而是相反,本发明将涵盖与本公开和所附权利要求书一致的所有修改、等效和备选方案。
在说明书中对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“说明性实施例”等的引用指示所描述的实施例可包含具体特征、结构或特性,但每一个实施例可包含或者可能不一定包含该具体特征、结构或特性。而且,此类短语不一定指的是同一实施例。另外,当具体特征、结构或特性结合实施例而被描述时,它被认为是在本领域技术人员的知识范围内以结合其它实施例来实现此类特征、结构或特性(不管是否明确描述了)。附加地,应该认识到,包含在以“至少一个A、B和C”的形式的列表中的项能意味着(A)、(B)、(C)、(A和B)、(A和C)、(B和C)或(A、B和C)。类似地,以“A、B或C中的至少一个”的形式列出的项可意味着(A)、(B)、(C)、(A和B)、(A和C)、(B和C)或(A、B和C)。
所公开的实施例在一些情况下可在硬件、固件、软件或它们的任何组合中被实现。所公开的实施例还可实现为由暂态或非暂态机器可读(例如计算机可读)存储介质携带的或存储在其上的指令,其可由一个或更多个处理器读取和执行。机器可读存储介质可以被实施为用于存储或传送以由机器(例如,易失性或非易失性存储器、介质盘或其它介质装置)可读形式的信息的任何存储装置、机构或其它物理结构。
在附图中,一些结构或方法特征可以按特定布置和/或排序示出。然而,应该认识到,可能不要求此类特定布置和/或排序。而是,在一些实施例中,此类特征可以按与在说明性附图中示出的方式和/或次序不同的方式和/或次序布置。附加地,在具体附图中包含的结构或方法特征不意味着意指此类特征在所有实施例中都被要求,并且在一些实施例中可能不包含此类特征,或者可与其它特征组合。
图1图示了根据各种实施例的数据中心100的概念性概述,所述数据中心100通常可以表示数据中心或其它类型的计算网络,在其中/针对其可以实现本文描述的一种或多种技术。如图1中所示的,数据中心100通常可以包含多个机架,每个机架可以安置包括相应的物理资源集合的计算设备。在图1中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,数据中心100包含四个机架102A至102D,其安置包括物理资源(PCR)105A至105D的相应集合的计算设备。根据此示例,数据中心100的物理资源106的共同集合包括分布在机架102A至102D之间的物理资源105A至105D的各种集合。物理资源106可以包括多种类型的资源,诸如-例如-处理器、协处理器、加速器、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、存储器和存储装置。实施例不限于这些示例。
说明性数据中心100在许多方面不同于典型的数据中心。例如,在说明性实施例中,其上放置诸如CPU、存储器和其它组件的组件的电路板(“滑板”)针对增加的热性能而设计。尤其,在说明性实施例中,滑板比典型的板更浅薄。换句话说,滑板从前到后较短(其中冷却风扇位于其处)。这降低了空气必须行进跨过板上组件的路径的长度。此外,滑板上的组件比起在典型的电路板中要间隔得更远,并且所述组件被布置成减少或消除遮蔽(即,另一组件的空气流动路径中的一个组件)。在说明性实施例中,诸如处理器的处理组件位于滑板的顶侧上,而诸如DIMM的近存储器位于滑板的底侧上。作为通过此设计提供的增强的空气流动的结果,组件可以以比在典型系统更高的频率和功率级操作,由此增加性能。此外,滑板配置成与每个机架102A、102B、102C、102D中的功率和数据通信缆线盲配对,从而增强它们被快速移除、升级、重新安装和/或更换的能力。类似地,位于滑板上的各个组件(例如处理器、加速器、存储器和数据存储驱动器)配置成被容易地升级(由于它们彼此增加的间隔)。在说明性实施例中,组件附加地包括硬件证明特征以证实其可靠性。
此外,在说明性实施例中,数据中心100利用支持多个其它网络架构(包括以太网和全路径(Omni-Path))的单个网络架构(“组构”)。在说明性实施例中,滑板经由光纤耦合到交换机,其提供比典型双绞线缆线(例如,类别5、类别5e、类别6等)更高的带宽和更低的时延。由于高带宽、低时延互连和网络架构,数据中心100可以使用物理上解聚的池资源(例如存储器,加速器(例如,图形加速器、FPGA、ASIC等),以及数据存储驱动器),并在按需的基础上将它们提供给计算资源(例如,处理器),使计算资源能够访问池化资源(就好像它们是本地的)。说明性数据中心100附加地接收各种资源的利用信息,基于过去的资源利用预测不同类型的工作负荷的资源利用,并基于此信息动态地重新分配资源。
数据中心100的机架102A、102B、102C、102D可以包括促进各种各样类型的维护任务的自动化的物理设计特征。例如,数据中心100可以使用设计成机器人式访问并且接受和安置机器人式可操纵的资源滑板的机架来实现。此外,在说明性实施例中,机架102A、102B、102C、102D包括集成功率源,其接收比对于功率源典型的电压更大的电压。增加的电压使功率源能够将附加功率提供到每个滑板上的组件,使组件能够以高于典型频率的频率进行操作。
图2图示了数据中心100的机架202的示范逻辑配置。如图2中所示的,机架202通常可以安置多个滑板,每个滑板可以包括相应的物理资源集合。在图2中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,机架202安置包括物理资源205-1至205-4的相应集合的滑板204-1至204-4,其每个构成在机架202中包括的物理资源206的共同集合的一部分 。针对于图1,如果机架202表示-例如-机架102A,则物理资源206可以对应于机架102A中包括的物理资源105A。在此示例的上下文中,物理资源105A因此可以由物理资源的相应集合组成,包括在机架202的滑板204-1至204-4中包括的物理存储资源205-1、物理加速器资源205-2、物理存储器资源205-3和物理计算资源205-5。实施例不限于此示例。每个滑板可以包含各种类型的物理资源(例如,计算、存储器、加速器、存储)中的每个的池。通过具有包括解聚资源的机器人式可访问和机器人式可操纵的滑板,每种类型的资源可以彼此独立地并且以其自己的优化刷新率升级。
图3图示了根据各种实施例的数据中心300的示例,所述数据中心300通常可以表示在其中/针对其可以实现本文描述的一种或多种技术的数据中心。在图3中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,数据中心300包括机架302-1至302-32。在各种实施例中,数据中心300的机架可以以如定义和/或容纳各种访问路径的此种方式布置。例如,如图3中所示的,数据中心300的机架可以以如定义和/或容纳访问路径311A、311B、311C和311D的此种方式布置。在一些实施例中,此类访问路径的存在可以通常使自动化维护设备(例如机器人维护设备)能够以物理地访问安置在数据中心300的各种机架中的计算设备并执行自动化维护任务(例如,更换故障的滑板、升级滑板)。在各种实施例中,可以选择访问路径311A、311B、311C和311D的尺寸、机架302-1至302-32的尺寸,和/或数据中心300的物理布局的一个或多个其它方面以促进此类自动化操作。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
图4图示了根据各种实施例的数据中心400的示例,所述数据中心400通常可以表示在其中/针对其可以实现本文描述的一种或多种技术的数据中心。如图4中所示的,数据中心400可以以光组构412为特征。光组构412通常可以包括光信令介质(例如光缆)和光交换基础设施的组合,数据中心400中的任何具体滑板可以经由它们将信号发送到数据中心400中的每个其它滑板以及接收来自数据中心400中的每个其它滑板的信号。光组构412提供到任何给定滑板的信令连接性可以包括到相同机架中的其它滑板和其它机架中的滑板二者的连接性。在图4中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,数据中心400包括四个机架402A至402D。机架402A至402D安置滑板的相应对404A-1和404A-2、404B-1和404B-2、404C-1和404C-2以及404D-1和404D-2。因此,在此示例中,数据中心400包括总共八个滑板。经由光组构412,每个此类滑板可以拥有与数据中心400中的其它七个滑板中的每个的信令连接性。例如,经由光组构412,机架402A中的滑板404A-1可以拥有与机架402A中的滑板404A-2的信令连接性,以及与分布在数据中心400的其它机架402B、402C和402D之间的其它六个滑板404B-1、404B-2、404C-1、404C-2、404D-1和404D-2的信令连接性。实施例不限于此示例。
图5图示了连接性方案500的概述,所述连接性方案500通常可以表示在一些实施例中可以在数据中心(例如图1、3和4的示例数据中心100、300和400中的任何一个)的各种滑板之间建立的链路层连接性。可以使用以双模式光交换基础设施514为特征的光组构来实现连接性方案500。双模式光交换基础设施514通常可以包括交换基础设施,其能够根据多个链路层协议经由相同的统一光信令介质集合接收通信,并适当地交换此类通信。在各种实施例中,可以使用一个或多个双模式光交换机515来实现双模式光交换基础设施514。在各种实施例中,双模式光交换机515通常可以包括高基(high-radix)交换机。在一些实施例中,双模式光交换机515可以包括多层交换机,例如四层交换机。在各种实施例中,双模式光交换机515可以以集成硅光子学为特征(与常规交换装置相比,使它们能够通过显著减少的时延交换通信)。在一些实施例中,双模式光交换机515可以构成叶脊架构中的叶交换机530,其附加地包括一个或多个双模式光脊交换机520。
在各种实施例中,双模式光交换机可以能够经由光组构的光信令介质接收携带因特网协议(IP分组)的以太网协议通信和根据第二高性能计算(HPC)链路层协议(例如,Intel的全路径架构的无限带(Infiniband))的通信。如图5中所反映的,针对于拥有到光组构的光信令连接性的滑板504A和504B的任何具体对,连接性方案500因此可以经由以太网链路和HPC链路提供对链路层连接性的支持。因此,可以由单个高带宽、低时延交换组构支持以太网和HPC通信二者。实施例不限于此示例。
图6图示了根据一些实施例的机架架构600的一般概述,所述机架架构600可以表示图1至4中描绘的机架中的任何具体机架的架构。如图6中所反映的,机架架构600通常可以以滑板可以插入其中的多个滑板空间为特征,每个滑板空间可以经由机架访问区域601而机器人式可访问。在图6中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,机架架构600以五个滑板空间603-1至603-5为特征。滑板空间603-1至603-5以相应的多功能连接器模块(MPCM)616-1至616-5为特征。
图7图示了可以表示此类类型的滑板的滑板704的示例。如图7中所示的,滑板704可以包括物理资源705集合,以及MPCM 716,其被设计成当滑板704插入到滑板空间(例如图6的任何滑板空间603-1至603-5)中时与对应物MPCM耦合。滑板704还可以以扩展连接器717为特征。扩展连接器717通常可以包括插座、插槽或其它类型的连接元件(其能够接受一种或多种类型的扩展模块,例如扩展滑板718)。通过与扩展滑板718上的对应物连接器耦合,扩展连接器717可以为物理资源705提供对驻留在扩展滑板718上的补充计算资源705B的访问。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
图8图示了可以表示机架架构的机架架构800的示例,所述机架架构可以被实现以便为以扩展能力为特征的滑板(例如图7的滑板704)提供支持。在图8中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,机架架构800包括七个滑板空间803-1至803-7,其以相应的MPCM 816-1至816-7为特征。滑板空间803-1至803-7包括相应的主区域803-1A至803-7A和相应的扩展区域803-1B至803-7B。针对于每个此类滑板空间,当对应的MPCM与插入的滑板的对应物MPCM耦合时,主区域通常可以构成滑板空间的区域,其可以物理地容纳插入的滑板。扩展区域通常可以构成滑板空间的区域,其可以物理地容纳扩展模块,例如图7的扩展滑板718(在插入的滑板配置有此类模块的情况下)。
图9图示了根据一些实施例的机架902的示例,其可以表示根据图8的机架架构800实现的机架。在图9中描绘的具体非限制性示例中,机架902以七个滑板空间903-1至903-7为特征,其包括相应的主区域903-1A至903-7A和相应的扩展区域903-1B至903-7B。在各种实施例中,可以使用空气冷却系统来实现机架902中的温度控制。例如,如图9中所反映的,机架902可以以多个风扇919为特征,风扇919通常布置成在各种滑板空间903-1至903-7内提供空气冷却。在一些实施例中,滑板空间的高度大于常规的“1U”服务器高度。在此类实施例中,如与常规机架配置中使用的风扇相比,风扇919通常可以包括相对慢的大直径冷却风扇。相对于以较高速度运行的较小直径的冷却风扇,以较低的速度运行较大直径的冷却风扇可以增加风扇寿命,同时仍然提供相同的冷却量。滑板比常规的机架尺寸物理上更浅薄。此外,在每个滑板上布置组件以减少热遮蔽(即,不在空气流动方向上串联布置)。因此,更宽、更浅薄的滑板允许装置性能的增加,因为由于改进的冷却(即,没有热遮蔽、装置之间的更多空间、针对更大散热片(heatsink)的更多空间等),装置可以以更高的热封套(例如,250W)操作。
MPCM 916-1至916-7可以配置成为插入的滑板提供对由相应的功率模块920-1至920-7供应的功率的使用,每个功率模块可以从外部功率源921汲取功率。在各种实施例中,外部功率源921可以向机架902递送交流(AC)功率,并且功率模块920-1至920-7可以配置成将此类AC功率转换为要供应到插入的滑板的直流(DC)功率。在一些实施例中,例如,功率模块920-1至920-7可以配置成将277伏AC功率转换成12伏DC功率,以经由相应的MPCM 916-1至916-7提供给插入的滑板。实施例不限于此示例。
MPCM 916-1至916-7还可以被布置成为插入的滑板提供到双模式光交换基础设施914的光信令连接性,双模式光交换基础设施914可以与图5的双模式光交换基础设施514相同或与其类似。在各种实施例中,包含在MPCM 916-1至916-7中的光连接器可以被设计成与插入的滑板的MPCM中包含的对应物光连接器耦合,以经由相应长度的光缆922-1至922-7为此类滑板提供到双模式光交换基础设施914的光信令连接性。在一些实施例中,每个此类长度的光缆可以从其对应的MPCM延伸到在机架902的滑板空间外部的光互连织机(loom)923。在各种实施例中,光互连织机923可以布置成通过支撑柱或者机架902的其它类型的负荷承载元件。实施例不限于在此上下文中。由于插入的滑板经由MPCM连接到光交换基础设施,因此可以节省通常花费在手动配置机架缆线以容纳新插入的滑板的资源。
图10图示了根据一些实施例的滑板1004的示例,其可以表示设计用于与图9的机架902结合使用的滑板。滑板1004可以以MPCM 1016为特征,MPCM 1016包括光连接器1016A和功率连接器1016B,并且被设计成与滑板空间的对应物MPCM耦合(与将MPCM 1016插入到该滑板空间中结合)。将MPCM 1016与此类对应物MPCM耦合可以使功率连接器1016与对应物MPCM中包括的功率连接器耦合。这通常可以使滑板1004的物理资源1005能够经由功率连接器1016和功率传输介质1024从外部源供应功率,功率传输介质1024将功率连接器1016导电地耦合到物理资源1005。
滑板1004还可以包括双模式光网络接口电路1026。双模式光网络接口电路1026通常可以包括能够根据由图9的双模式光交换基础设施914支持的多个链路层协议中的每个通过光信令介质进行通信的电路。在一些实施例中,双模式光网络接口电路1026可以具有以太网协议通信和根据第二高性能协议的通信二者的能力。在各种实施例中,双模式光网络接口电路1026可以包括一个或多个光收发器模块1027,每个光收发器模块1027可以能够通过一个或多个光通道中的每个来传送和接收光信号。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
将MPCM 1016与给定机架中的滑板空间的对应物MPCM耦合可以使光连接器1016A与对应物MPCM中包括的光连接器耦合。这通常可以经由光通道1025集合中的每个在双模式光网络接口电路1026和滑板的光缆之间建立光连接性。双模式光网络接口电路1026可以经由电信令介质1028与滑板1004的物理资源1005通信。除了用于提供改进的冷却并使能以相对较高的热封套(例如,250W)操作的滑板上的组件的布置和滑板的尺寸之外(如上面参考图9所描述的),在一些实施例中,滑板可包括一个或多个附加特征以促进空气冷却,例如热管和/或散热片(布置成耗散由物理资源1005生成的热)。值得注意的是,尽管图10中描绘的示例滑板1004没有以扩展连接器为特征,但以滑板1004的设计元件为特征的任何给定滑板也可以根据一些实施例以扩展连接器为特征。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
图11图示了根据各种实施例的数据中心1100的示例,所述数据中心1100通常可以表示在其中/针对其可实现本文描述的一种或多种技术的数据中心。如图11中反映的,可以实现物理基础设施管理框架1150A以促进管理数据中心1100的物理基础设施1100A。在各种实施例中,物理基础设施管理框架1150A的一个功能可以将要管理数据中心1100内的自动化维护功能,例如使用机器人维护设备来服务物理基础设施1100A内的计算设备。在一些实施例中,物理基础设施1100A可以以先进的遥测系统为特征,所述遥测系统执行遥测报告,所述遥测报告足够鲁棒以支持物理基础设施1100A的远程自动化管理。在各种实施例中,由此类先进的遥测系统提供的遥测信息可以支持诸如故障预测/预防能力和容量规划能力的特征。在一些实施例中,物理基础设施管理框架1150A还可以配置成使用硬件证明技术来管理物理基础设施组件的认证。例如,机器人可以在安装之前通过分析从与要安装的每个组件关联的射频标识(RFID)标签收集的信息来验证组件的可靠性。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
如图11中所示的,数据中心1100的物理基础设施1100A可以包括光组构1112,其可以包括双模式光交换基础设施1114。光组构1112和双模式光交换基础设施1114可以分别与图4的光组构412和图5的双模式光交换基础设施514相同或与其类似,并且可以在数据中心1100的滑板之间提供高带宽、低时延、多协议连接性。如上面所讨论的,参考图1,在各种实施例中,此类连接性的可用性可以使解聚和动态地池化诸如加速器、存储器和存储的资源可行。在一些实施例中,例如,一个或多个池化加速器滑板1130可以包括在数据中心1100的物理基础设施1100A之间,每个物理基础设施1100A可以包括加速器资源池 - 例如协处理器和/或FPGA - 例如-其经由光组构1112和双模式光交换基础设施1114对其它滑板全局可访问。
在另一示例中,在各种实施例中,一个或多个池化存储滑板1132可以包括在数据中心1100的物理基础设施1100A之间,每个物理基础设施1100A可以包括可用于经由光组构1112和双模式光交换基础设施1114对其它滑板全局可访问的存储资源池。在一些实施例中,此类池化存储滑板1132可以包括固态存储装置(例如固态驱动器(SSD))的池。在各种实施例中,一个或多个高性能处理滑板1134可以包括在数据中心1100的物理基础设施1100A之间。在一些实施例中,高性能处理滑板1134可以包括高性能处理器池以及冷却特征(其增强空气冷却以产生高达250W或更高的较高热封套)。在各种实施例中,任何给定的高性能处理滑板1134可以以扩展连接器1117为特征,所述扩展连接器1117可以接受远存储器扩展滑板,使得对该高性能处理滑板1134本地可用的远存储器从包括在该滑板上的近存储器以及处理器中解聚。在一些实施例中,此类高性能处理滑板1134可以被配置有远存储器(使用包括低时延SSD存储装置的扩展滑板)。光基础设施允许一个滑板上的计算资源以利用远程加速器/ FPGA、存储器和/或SSD资源(其在位于相同机架或数据中心中的任何其它机架上的滑板上解聚)。在上面参考图5描述的脊-叶网络架构中,远程资源可以位于距一个交换机跳或距两个交换机跳的距离。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
在各种实施例中,可以将一个或多个抽象的层应用于物理基础设施1100A的物理资源,以便定义虚拟基础设施,例如软件定义的基础设施1100B。在一些实施例中,可以分配软件定义的基础设施1100B的虚拟计算资源1136以支持云服务1140的预备。在各种实施例中,可以对虚拟计算资源1136的具体集合进行分组以用于为云服务1140作预备(以SDI服务1138的形式)。云服务1140的示例可以包括-但不限于-软件即服务(SaaS)服务1142、平台即服务(PaaS)服务1144,以及基础设施即服务(IaaS)服务1146。
在一些实施例中,可以使用虚拟基础设施管理框架1150B来进行软件定义的基础设施1100B的管理。在各种实施例中,虚拟基础设施管理框架1150B可以被设计成结合管理到云服务1140的虚拟计算资源1136和/或SDI服务1138的分配来实现工作负荷指纹识别技术和/或机器学习技术。在一些实施例中,虚拟基础设施管理框架1150B可以结合执行此类资源分配来使用/咨询遥测数据。在各种实施例中,可以实现应用/服务管理框架1150C,以便为云服务1140提供QoS管理能力。实施例不限于在此上下文中。
如图12所示,用于管理被管理节点1260内的工作负荷的执行效率的说明性系统1210包含与该组被管理节点1260通信的编排器服务器1240。每个被管理节点1260可被实施为资源的集合(例如,物理资源206),诸如计算资源(例如,物理计算资源205-4)、存储资源(例如,物理存储资源205-1)、加速器资源(例如,物理加速器资源205-2)或来自相同或不同滑板(例如,滑板204-1、204-2、204-3、204-4等)或机架(例如,机架302-1至302-32中的一个或更多个)的其它资源(例如,物理存储器资源205-3)。每个被管理节点1260可以在工作负荷将被指配给被管理节点1260的时间或者在任何其它时间由编排器服务器1240建立、定义或“加速(spin up)”,并且可以存在,不管目前是否有任何工作负荷被指配给被管理节点1260。系统1210可以按照上面参考图1、3、4和11描述的数据中心100、300、400、1100来实现。在说明性实施例中,该组被管理节点1260包含被管理节点1250、1252和1254。虽然在该组中示出了三个被管理节点1260,但应该理解,在其它实施例中,该组可包含不同数量的被管理节点1260(例如,数万个)。系统1210可位于数据中心中,并通过网络1230向与系统1210通信的客户端装置1220提供存储和计算服务(例如云服务)。编排器服务器1240可支持云操作环境(诸如OpenStack),并且被管理节点1260可代表客户端装置1220的用户执行一个或更多个应用或进程(即工作负荷),诸如在虚拟机或容器中。如本文更详细讨论的,编排器服务器1240在操作中配置成将工作负荷指配给被管理节点1260,并且接收由每个被管理节点1260产生的指示在执行指配的工作负荷时每个被管理节点中的组件(诸如一个或更多个处理器的各个核)的效率的效率数据。编排器服务器1260可以分析效率数据,并确定调整以提高组件效率,诸如通过将工作负荷的线程重新定位到不同的核、处理器或被管理节点1260,和/或将线程的优先级调整到受每个核的具体流水线阶段绑定(例如,将它们的大部分时间花在这上面)以减少核的停转(例如,当每指令循环次数在阈限以下时)。
在操作中,在说明性实施例中,每个被管理节点1260被配置成执行所指配的工作负荷,产生指示被管理节点1260内的工作负荷的执行效率的遥测数据,诸如通过在每个核的流水线的每个阶段中利用计数器来跟踪由每个线程对每个流水线阶段的利用、标识由每个线程在预定义时间段(诸如秒)上的阶段使用中的模式(例如,指纹)、基于遥测数据确定诸如将线程重新定位到其它核或处理器的调整和/或对线程优先级的调整以提高效率、以及施加这些调整。像这样,被管理节点1260可以基于它们在被管理节点1260内的本地效率视图来确定其中一个或更多个调整(本身),和/或基于来自所有被管理节点1260的数据中心范围的效率视图数据从编排器服务器1240获得调整。在说明性实施例中,提高工作负荷的执行效率可以被定义为减少由被管理节点1260的对应处理器的核执行的每指令循环数。相反,降低工作负荷的执行效率可以被定义为增加由被管理节点1260的对应处理器的核执行的每指令循环数。
现在参考图13,每个被管理节点1260可以被实施为能够执行本文描述的功能的任何类型的计算装置,功能包含:接收工作负荷的指配,执行工作负荷,在工作负荷被执行时产生遥测数据,使用遥测数据分析被管理节点1260内的工作负荷的执行效率,向编排器器服务器1240提供指示执行效率的效率数据,确定配置调整以提高被管理节点1260内的工作负荷的执行效率,并且施加调整。例如,被管理节点1260可被实施为计算机、分布式计算系统、一个或更多个滑板(例如滑板204-1、204-2、204-3、204-4等)、服务器(例如独立式、机架安装、刀片等)、多处理器系统、网络设施(例如物理的或虚拟的)、桌上型计算机、工作站、膝上型计算机、笔记本计算机、基于处理器的系统或网络设施。如图13所示,说明性被管理节点1260包含中央处理单元(CPU)1302、主存储器1304、输入/输出(I/O)子系统1306、通信电路1308以及一个或更多个数据存储装置1312。当然,在其它实施例中,被管理节点1260可包含其它或附加组件,诸如通常在计算机中发现的组件(例如显示器、外围装置等)。附加地,在一些实施例中,其中一个或更多个说明性组件可被结合在另一组件中,或以其它方式形成另一组件的一部分。例如,在一些实施例中,主存储器1304或其部分可被合并在CPU 1302中。
CPU 1302可被实施为能够执行本文描述的功能的任何类型的处理器或多个处理器。CPU 1302可被实施为单核或多核处理器、微控制器或者其它处理器或处理/控制电路。在一些实施例中,CPU 1302可被实施为、包含或耦合到现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可重配置硬件或硬件电路或者促进本文描述的功能执行的其它专门硬件。在说明性实施例中,CPU 1302包含多个核1320,这些核可以被实施为专用电路和/或处理包含各种阶段的流水线中的工作负荷的线程的指令的组件,这些阶段诸如在其中提取指令并将指令解码成要执行的操作的前端阶段、在其中线程等待从存储器返回数据或者完成复杂的计算的后端阶段、在其中由于误预测而取消分支的不良推测阶段以及在其中线程被引退的引退阶段。在说明性实施例中,每个核1320包含一组计数器1322,其中每个流水线阶段一个计数器1322。每个计数器1322可以被实施为当在对应阶段中处理线程的指令时生成信号的任何装置。像这样,通过跟踪给定时间段(例如,秒)内的核1320的循环数(例如,基于核的频率)和已处理的指令数,如计数器1322所指示的,CPU 1302可以确定每核的每循环指令数,以及什么阶段每个线程花费大部分时间(例如,核心的循环)。因而,在前端阶段花费大部分循环的线程是“前端绑定”,而在后端阶段花费大部分循环的线程是“后端绑定”,以此类推。如上面所论述的,被管理节点1260可以包含分布遍于多个滑板的资源,并且在这样的实施例中,CPU 1302可以包含位于相同滑板或不同滑板上的其部分。
主存储器1304可被实施为能够执行本文描述的功能的任何类型易失性(例如,动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)等)或非易失性存储器或数据存储装置。在一些实施例中,所有或部分主存储器1304可被集成到CPU 1302中。在操作中,主存储器1304可以存储在操作期间使用的各种软件和数据,诸如遥测数据、指纹数据、优先级数据、流水线利用映射数据、操作系统、应用、程序、库和驱动器。如上面所论述的,被管理节点1260可以包含分布遍于多个滑板的资源,并且在这样的实施例中,主存储器1304可以包含位于相同滑板或不同滑板上的其部分。
I/O子系统1306可以被实施为促进与CPU 1302、主存储器1304和被管理节点1260的其它组件的输入/输出操作的电路和/或组件。例如,I/O子系统1306可被实施为或以别的方式包含存储器控制器集线器、输入/输出控制集线器、集成传感器集线器、固件装置、通信链路(例如,点对点链路、总线链路、导线、缆线、光导、印刷电路板迹线等)和/或促进输入/输出操作的其它组件和子系统。在一些实施例中,I/O子系统1306可以形成片上系统(SoC)的一部分,并且与CPU 1302、主存储器1304和被管理节点1260的其它组件中的一个或更多个一起合并在单个集成电路芯片上。
通信电路1308可被实施为能够使能通过网络1230在被管理节点1260与另一计算装置(例如编排器服务器1260和/或其它被管理节点1260)之间的通信的任何通信电路、装置或它们的集合。通信电路1308可配置成使用任一种或更多种通信技术(例如有线或无线通信)以及关联的协议(例如以太网、Bluetooth®、Wi-Fi®、WiMAX等)来实现此类通信。
说明性通信电路1308包含网络接口控制器(NIC)1310,其也可被称为主机组构接口(HFI)。NIC 1310可被实施为一个或更多个内插板、子卡、网络接口卡、控制器芯片、芯片集或者可由被管理节点1260用于与另一计算装置(例如编排器服务器1240和/或其它被管理节点1260)连接的其它装置。在一些实施例中,NIC 1310可被实施为包含一个或更多个处理器的片上系统(SoC)的一部分,或者被包含在也含有一个或更多个处理器的多芯片封装上。在一些实施例中,NIC 1310可包含本地处理器(未示出)和/或本地存储器(未示出),它们对NCI 1310都是本地的。在此类实施例中,NIC 1310的本地处理器可能能够执行本文描述的CPU 1302的其中一个或更多个功能。附加地或备选地,在此类实施例中,NIC 1310的本地存储器可在板级、插座级、芯片级和/或其它级被集成到被管理节点1260的一个或更多个组件中。如上面所论述的,被管理节点1260可以包含分布遍于多个滑板的资源,并且在这样的实施例中,通信电路1308可以包含位于相同滑板或不同滑板上的其部分。
一个或更多个说明性数据存储装置1312可被实施为配置用于数据的短期存储或长期存储的任何类型装置,诸如例如存储器装置和电路、存储器卡、硬盘驱动器、固态驱动器或者其它数据存储装置。每个数据存储装置1312可包含存储用于数据存储装置1312的数据和固件代码的系统分区。每个数据存储装置1312还可包含存储操作系统的可执行文件以及数据文件的操作系统分区。
附加地,被管理节点1260可包含显示器1314。显示器1314可被实施为或以其它方式使用任何合适的显示技术,例如包含液晶显示器(LCD)、发光二极管(LED)显示器、阴极射线管(CRT)显示器、等离子显示器和/或在计算装置中可用的其它显示器。显示器1314可包含使用任何适合的触摸屏输入技术来检测用户对显示器上显示的信息的触觉选择的触摸屏传感器,包含但不限于:电阻式触摸屏传感器、电容式触摸屏传感器、表面声波(SAW)触摸屏传感器、红外触摸屏传感器、光成像触摸屏传感器、声学触摸屏传感器和/或其它类型的触摸屏传感器。
附加地或备选地,被管理节点1260可包含一个或更多个外围装置1316。此类外围装置1316可以包括通常在计算装置中找到的任何类型的外围装置,诸如扬声器、鼠标、键盘和/或其它输入/输出装置、接口装置和/或其它外围装置。
客户端装置1220和编排器服务器1240可具有与图13中描述的组件类似的组件。被管理节点1260的那些组件的描述同样适用于客户端装置1220和编排器服务器1240的组件的描述,并且为了描述的清晰起见,在此不再重复,除了:在说明性实施例中,客户端装置1220和编排器服务器1240可以不包含计数器1322。应该认识到,客户端装置1220和编排器服务器1240中的任何可包含通常在计算装置中发现的其它组件、子组件和装置,它们未在上面参考被管理节点1604进行论述,并且为了描述的清晰起见未在本文论述。
如上所述,客户端装置1220、编排器服务器1240和被管理节点1260说明性地经由网络1230进行通信,网络1230可被实施为任何类型的有线或无线通信网络,包含全球网络(例如因特网)、局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)、蜂窝网络(例如全球移动通信系统(GSM)、3G、长期演进(LTE)、全球互操作微波接入(WiMAX)等)、数字订户线(DSL)网络、缆线网络(例如同轴网络、光纤网络等)或者它们的任何组合。
现在参考图14,在说明性实施例中,每个被管理节点1260在操作期间可建立环境1400。说明性环境1400包含网络通信器1420、工作负荷执行器1430和资源管理器1440。环境1400的每一个组件可被实施为硬件、固件、软件或它们的组合。像这样,在一些实施例中,环境1400的其中一个或更多个组件可被实施为电气装置的集合或电路(例如,网络通信器电路1420、工作负荷执行器电路1430、资源管理器电路1440等)。应该认识到,在此类实施例中,网络通信器电路1420、工作负荷执行器电路1430或资源管理器电路1440中的一个或更多个可以形成CPU 1302、主存储器1304、I/O子系统1306和/或被管理节点1260的其它组件中的一个或更多个的一部分。
在说明性实施例中,环境1400包含遥测数据1402,当被管理节点1260执行指配给它的工作负荷时,遥测数据1402可以被实施为指示被管理节点1260的性能和条件的数据。在说明性实施例中,遥测数据1402包含来自计数器1322的数据,其指示用于每个核1320的每指令的循环以及每个线程在任何给定的时间在利用哪个(哪些)流水线阶段(例如,来自对应线程的指令在对应的流水线阶段中)。附加地,说明性环境1400包含指纹数据1404,其可以被实施为指示在预定义时间段(例如,秒)内每个线程的流水线阶段的使用的模式的数据。另外,在说明性实施例中,环境1400包含优先级数据1406,其可以被实施为指示与每个线程关联的目前优先级的任何数据。在说明性实施例中,并且如本文中更详细描述的,线程被调度用于在核1320内根据它们的对应优先级而执行,优先级可以被调整成减少核停转,并且以其它方式提高工作负荷的执行效率。附加地,在说明性实施例中,环境1400包含流水线利用映射数据1408,该数据可以被实施为指示由线程对流水线阶段的使用的任何数据,包含每指令的循环、用于每个线程的每个流水线阶段的循环的比例(例如,80%后端阶段、10%前端阶段、5%不良推测阶段和5%引退阶段等)和/或被管理节点1260的CPU 1302的所有处理器的所有核1320的每指令循环。
在说明性环境1400中,网络通信器1420(其可被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合,如上面所论述的)配置成分别促进来往于被管理节点1260的入站和出站网络通信(例如,网络业务、网络分组、网络流等)。为此,网络通信器1420被配置成接收和处理数据分组,并准备数据和将数据分组发送到系统或计算装置(例如,编排器服务器1240)。因而,在一些实施例中,网络通信器1420的至少部分功能性可由通信电路1308执行,并且在说明性实施例中由NIC 1310执行。
工作负荷执行器1430(如上面所论述其可被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合)被配置成执行指配给被管理节点1260的工作负荷,并在进程中生成遥测数据,以供资源管理器1440使用。为此,在说明性实施例中,工作负荷执行器1430包含遥测生成器1432,在说明性实施例中,遥测生成器1432被配置成从被管理节点1260的组件(包含核1320的计数器1322)和其它组件(诸如存储器1304、I/O子系统1306、通信电路1308和/或数据存储装置1312)接收数据,并且解析数据并将数据存储为与当生成数据时组件代表其执行操作的工作负荷线程以及相应组件的标识符关联的遥测数据1402。在说明性实施例中,遥测生成器1432可以主动轮询在被管理节点1260内对于在持续的基础上更新的遥测数据1402可用的每一个组件(例如,CPU 1302、存储器1304、I/O子系统1306、通信电路1308、数据存储装置1312等),或者可以被动地从这些组件接收遥测数据1402,诸如通过监测一个或更多个注册表等。
资源管理器1440(其可以被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合)被配置成分析遥测数据1402以确定被管理节点1260中的工作负荷的执行效率,向编排器服务器1240提供指示效率的数据,确定调整以提高被管理节点1260中的工作负荷的执行效率,并在执行工作负荷时施加调整。为此,在说明性实施例中,资源管理器1440包含线程指纹器1442、线程优先化器1444、线程重新指配器1446和映射生成器1448。
在说明性实施例中,线程指纹器1442被配置成分析每个线程在预定义时间段(例如,一秒)内对核流水线的每个阶段的使用以标识模式,并将该模式作为指纹存储在指纹数据1404中。该模式可以指示线程可以在一个阶段中花费一个时间段,通常后面是在另一个阶段中花费一个时间段,并且然后通常在重复的基础上(例如每秒)在另一个流水线阶段中花费随后的一个时间段。像这样,指纹数据1404可用于将线程归类为主要利用具体阶段并且被该阶段绑定(例如,前端绑定、后端绑定等),并且可用于基于线程的目前流水线阶段利用来预测线程的将来流水线阶段利用。
在说明性实施例中,线程优先化器1444被配置成初始向每个线程指配优先级(例如,默认优先级),并使用遥测数据1402和指纹数据1404调整优先级以提高线程的执行效率。在说明性实施例中,对于CPU 1302中的每个处理器,被管理节点1260维护具有关联的优先级的线程的运行队列,并且线程针对处理器核1320的循环根据它们优先级而被给予优先序。在说明性实施例中,线程优先化器1444被配置成将优先级映射到线程,使得前端绑定线程被给予高优先级(例如,在0-75范围内的数字),引退线程(例如,引退阶段中的线程)也被给予高优先级(例如,在0-75的范围内),不良推测阶段线程被给予较低优先级(例如,在76-110的范围内),并且后端阶段线程被给予最低优先级(例如,在111-140的范围内),因为那些线程通常等待从存储器访问数据或等待完成复杂计算。
在说明性实施例中,线程重新指配器1446被配置成将线程重新指配给被管理节点1260的CPU 1302的另一个处理器中或同一处理器中的其它核1320,以匹配互补线程(例如,前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程),并以别的方式提高工作负荷的执行效率(例如,减少每指令的循环)。在说明性实施例中,映射生成器1448被配置成根据遥测数据1402和指纹数据1404生成流水线利用映射数据1408。在说明性实施例中,资源管理器1440的组件(诸如线程优先化器1444和线程重新指配器1446)可以分析由映射生成器1448生成的流水线利用映射数据1408,以在每个核的基础上标识由指配给对应核1320的线程对流水线阶段的利用,从而标识对线程优先级的调整以及线程到被管理节点1260中的其它核1320的潜在重新指配。
应该理解到,线程指纹器1442、线程优先化器1444、线程重新指配器1446和映射生成器1448中的每个都可被单独实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合。例如,线程指纹器1442可以被实施为硬件组件,而线程优先化器1444、线程重新指配器1446和映射生成器1448被实施为虚拟化硬件组件或者实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合中的某种其它组合。
现在参考图15,在说明性实施例中,编排器服务器1240在操作期间可建立环境1500。说明性环境1500包含网络通信器1520、工作负荷指配器1530和效率管理器1540。环境1500的每一个组件可被实施为硬件、固件、软件或它们的组合。像这样,在一些实施例中,环境1500的其中一个或更多个组件可被实施为电气装置的集合或电路(例如,网络通信器电路1520、工作负荷指配器电路1530、效率管理器电路1540等)。应该认识到,在此类实施例中,网络通信器电路1520、工作负荷指配器电路1530或效率管理器电路1540中的一个或更多个可以形成CPU 1302、主存储器1304、I/O子系统1306和/或编排器服务器1240的其它组件中的一个或更多个的一部分。在说明性实施例中,环境1500包含工作负荷数据1502,该数据1502可以被实施为指示目前由被管理节点1260执行的工作负荷和尚未被指配给被管理节点1260的工作负荷的数据。附加地,在说明性实施例中,环境1500包含效率数据1504,该效率数据1504可被实施为指示被管理节点1260的处理器的核1320之间的工作负荷的执行效率的数据,诸如指纹数据1404和流水线利用映射数据1408,其可以由对应的被管理节点1260提供给编排器服务器1240。此外,环境1500包含调整数据1506,调整数据1506可被实施为对跨被管理节点1260的核1320的工作负荷的线程配置所做的调整以提高工作负荷执行效率,包含对线程的优先级的调整和/或线程到其它核1320的重新指配。
在说明性环境1500中,网络通信器1520(其可被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合,如上面所论述的)配置成分别促进来往于编排器服务器1240的入站和出站网络通信(例如,网络业务、网络分组、网络流等)。为此,网络通信器1520被配置成接收和处理数据分组,并准备数据和将数据分组发送到系统或计算装置(例如,客户端装置1220、一个或更多个被管理节点1260等)。因而,在一些实施例中,网络通信器1520的至少部分功能性可由通信电路1308执行,并且在说明性实施例中由NIC 1310执行。
在说明性实施例中,工作负荷指配器1530(其可被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合,如上面所论述的)被配置成将工作负荷指配给被管理节点1260。在这么做时,工作负荷指配器1530可基于来自本文更详细地描述的效率管理器1540的信息向所指配的被管理节点1260规定要执行工作负荷的一个或更多个线程和/或要指配给线程的优先级的CPU 1302内的具体核1320。在说明性实施例中,工作负荷指配器1530附加地可以基于由下面更详细地描述的效率管理器1540确定的调整,在同一被管理节点1260内的核上或者甚至从一个被管理节点1260向另一个被管理节点1260重新指配工作负荷。
在说明性实施例中,效率管理器1540(其可被实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合,如上面所论述的)被配置成分析跨整组被管理节点1260的效率数据1504,并确定调整以提高工作负荷的执行效率。为此,在说明性实施例中,效率管理器1540包含映射组合器1542和调整确定器1544。在说明性实施例中,映射组合器1542被配置成将从每个被管理节点1260接收的流水线利用映射数据1408组合在效率数据1504中,以生成所有被管理节点1260的核的流水线利用的映射。用所有被管理节点1260的核1320的流水线利用的映射,效率管理器1540可以确定一个被管理节点1260的核1320能够更有效地执行目前被指配给不同的被管理节点1260的工作负荷的线程,因为该核目前正在执行与要重新指配的线程互补(例如,由与之不同的流水线阶段绑定)的线程。在说明性实施例中,调整确定器1544被配置成确定对线程到被管理节点1260中的核1320的指配的调整和/或对线程的优先级的调整,类似于图14中示出的环境1400的线程优先化器1444和线程重新指配器1446,除了调整确定器1544附加地可以确定跨被管理节点1260的调整,而不是严格地在单个被管理节点1260内的调整。
应该认识到,映射组合器1542和调整确定器1544中的每个都可以被单独实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合。例如,映射组合器1542可以被实施为硬件组件,而调整确定器1544被实施为虚拟化硬件组件或实施为硬件、固件、软件、虚拟化硬件、仿真架构和/或它们的组合的某种其它组合。
现在参考图16,在使用中,每个被管理节点1260可以执行用于管理被管理节点1260内的工作负荷的执行效率的方法1600(在工作负荷被执行时)。方法1600开始于框1602,其中在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260确定是否管理工作负荷的执行效率。在说明性实施例中,如果被管理节点1260被通电并与编排器服务器1240通信,则被管理节点1260确定要管理执行效率。在其它实施例中,被管理节点1260可以基于其它因素确定是否管理效率。无论如何,响应于要管理效率的确定,在说明性实施例中,方法1600前进到框1604,其中被管理节点1260接收一个或更多个工作负荷的指配。在说明性实施例中,在接收到指配时,被管理节点1260接收由编排器服务器1240指配的工作负荷的标识(例如,可执行文件名称、可执行文件的位置等)。在这么做时,被管理节点1260附加地可以接收在其上执行所指配的工作负荷的线程和/或要指配给工作负荷的线程的优先级的一个或更多个核1320的标识。
在框1606,被管理节点1260执行所指配的工作负荷的线程。在这么做时,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260将线程指配给其中一个或更多个核1320,如框1608中所指示的。被管理节点1260可以基于包含在来自编排器服务器1240的工作负荷的初始指配中的指示,基于随机选择,或者基于用于选择核1320的任何其它方法,将线程指配给核1320。在框1610中,当执行工作负荷时,被管理节点1260生成遥测数据1402。在这么做时,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260使用对应计数器(例如,计数器1322)标识每个核1320上的每个线程的目前流水线阶段,如框1612中所指示的。如上所述,每个计数器1322被配置成生成指示与计数器1322关联的流水线阶段中的具体线程的具体指令的存在的信号。附加地,被管理节点1260可以从被管理节点1260中的一个或更多个其它组件(诸如通信电路1308(例如,NIC1310)、存储器1304、I/O子系统1306和/或数据存储装置1312)获得指示那些组件的性能和条件的遥测数据1402,如框1614中所指示的。
在框1616中,被管理节点1260分析所生成的遥测数据1402以确定工作负荷的线程的执行效率。在这么做时,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260确定用于每个核1320的每指令循环数,如框1618中所指示的。在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260通过比较在预定义时间段(例如秒)内从用于给定核1320的计数器1322接收的信号(例如,指示所执行的指令)数量并将该信号数量与预定义时间段内核的循环数量(例如,频率乘以一秒)相比较来这么做。附加地,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260将每指令的循环与每指令的预定义循环数相比较以标识任何停转的核1320(例如,其中每指令的循环大于预定义循环数的核1320),如框1620中所指示的。
附加地,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260生成所执行的线程的指纹,如框1622中所指示的。在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260可以通过分析在预定义时间段(例如,一秒)内每个线程对核流水线的每个阶段的使用以标识模式,并将模式存储在指纹数据1404中来生成指纹。例如,被管理节点1260可以确定线程可以在一个时间段内利用流水线的一个阶段,然后在随后的时间段期间利用另一个阶段,并且然后通常在随后的时间段期间利用流水线的第三阶段,之后重复该模式。如框1624中所指示的,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260还生成用于CPU 1302的每个处理器的每个核1320上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射(例如,流水线利用映射数据1408),如上面参考图14所描述的。另外,如框1626中所指示的,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260确定由被管理节点1260的每个线程主要使用的流水线阶段,诸如通过根据在框1622中生成的指纹确定在模式的预定义时间段期间(例如,在一秒时间段内)被利用最多的流水线阶段。
在框1628,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260确定每个核1320的目前容量和每个核1320的预测容量。在这么做时,如框1630中所指示的,被管理节点1260可以根据每个线程利用的主要流水线阶段的标识(如参考框1626所描述的)和/或根据指配给每个核1320的线程的指纹来确定容量。例如,被管理节点1260可以确定核1320目前正在执行主要利用或根据对应指纹预测以利用前端阶段的线程,那么核1320对于主要利用前端阶段或者被预测使用前端阶段的另一个线程具有相对较小的容量。相反,核1320对于与目前执行的线程互补的线程具有更多的容量(例如,主要使用后端阶段或被预测以转变为使用后端阶段的核)。随后,方法1600前进到图17的框1632,其中,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260向编排器服务器1240提供指示被管理节点1260中的工作负荷线程的执行效率的效率数据(例如,效率数据1504)。
现在参考图17,在提供效率数据1504时,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260将流水线阶段利用的映射(例如,流水线利用映射数据1408)提供给编排器服务器1240,如框1634中所指示的。另外,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260将指纹数据1404提供给编排器服务器1240,如框1636中所指示的。随后,被管理节点1260确定对核1320之间的线程配置的调整,以提高执行效率,如框1638中所指示的。在这么做时,被管理节点1260确定调整以减少每个核1320中的每指令循环数,如框1640中所指示的。在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260可以根据由每个核主要利用的阶段来确定每个线程的优先级的调整,如框1642中所指示的。例如,被管理节点1260可以设置线程的优先级,使得前端绑定线程(例如,主要在流水线的前端阶段中的线程)被给予高优先级(例如,在0-75范围内的数字),引退线程(例如,主要在引退阶段中的线程)也被给予高优先级(例如,在0-75的范围内),不良推测阶段线程被给予较低优先级(例如,在76-110的范围内),并且后端阶段线程被给予最低优先级(例如,在111-140的范围内),因为那些线程通常等待从存储器访问数据或等待完成复杂计算。
被管理节点1260可附加地确定其中一个或更多个线程到同一处理器的不同核1320或到被管理节点1260中的不同处理器的核1320的重新指配,如框1644中所指示的。在这么做时,被管理节点1260可以确定重新指配以将互补线程(例如,主要利用不同流水线阶段的线程)匹配到同一核1320,如框1646中所指示的。例如,并且如框1648所指示的,被管理节点1260可以匹配(例如,确定重新指配)前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程以便在同一核1320上执行。如框1650中所指示的,被管理节点1260附加地或备选地可以从编排器服务器1240接收调整,诸如对于一个或更多个线程优先级或线程重新指配的推荐改变(例如,在编排器服务器1240已经分析了效率数据1504之后)(在方框1632中提供的)。
随后,如框1652中所指示的,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260施加根据框1638所确定的调整。在施加调整时,被管理节点1260可以施加对于每个线程调整的优先级,如框1654中所指示的。被管理节点1260还可以将线程重新指配给同一处理器的其它核1320或其它处理器的核1320,如框1656中所指示的。附加地或备选地,在说明性实施例中,被管理节点1260可以停止执行一个或更多个工作负荷的一个或更多个线程,以使编排器服务器1260能够协调将工作负荷迁移到已经被标识为拥有具有更有效地执行工作负荷的线程的容量的核的另一个被管理节点1260,如框1658所指示的。随后,方法1600循环回到图16的框1604,在其中被管理节点1260可以从编排器服务器1240接收一个或更多个附加工作负荷的指配。
现在参考图18,在使用中,编排器服务器1240可以执行用于管理由被管理节点1260的工作负荷的执行效率的方法1800。方法1800开始于框1802,其中编排器服务器1240在说明性实施例中确定是否管理被管理节点1260之间的工作负荷的执行效率。在说明性实施例中,如果编排器服务器1240被通电并且与被管理节点1260通信,则编排器服务器1240确定要管理效率。在其它实施例中,编排器服务器1240可以基于其它因素确定是否管理效率。无论如何,响应于要管理效率的确定,方法1800前进到框1804,其中编排器服务器1240将工作负荷指配给被管理节点1260。编排器服务器1240初始可基于任何适合的方案(例如,随机地基于预定义序列等)将工作负荷指配给被管理节点1240。在框1806中,编排器服务器1240从被管理节点1260接收效率数据1504。在这么做时,在说明性实施例中,编排器服务器1240从每个被管理节点1260接收流水线利用映射数据1408,如框1808中所指示的。附加地,在说明性实施例中,编排器服务器1240从被管理节点1260接收工作负荷线程指纹数据(例如,指纹数据1404),如框1810中所指示的。
随后,在框1812中,编排器服务器1240确定调整以提高由被管理节点1260对工作负荷线程的执行效率。如框1814中所指示的,在这么做时,在说明性实施例中,编排器服务器1240可以标识对于被管理节点1260的核1320与工作负荷线程的匹配,诸如通过标识核1320的目前容量和/或预测容量,并且标识当与核1320的所标识容量匹配时将更有效地执行的线程,类似于图16-17的方法1600的框1628、1630和1644。如框1816中所指示的,编排器服务器1240可以基于包含在效率数据1504中的线程指纹数据1404来确定对于工作负荷线程的优先级调整,类似于图17的框1642。附加地,如框1818中所指示的,编排器服务器1240可以确定工作负荷的线程到另一个被管理节点1260的重新指配(诸如,如果被管理节点1260上的核1320停转并且另一个被管理节点1260上的一个或更多个核1320具有提高目前指配给已停转核1320的线程的执行效率的容量的话)。随后,方法1800前进到图19的框1820,其中编排器服务器1240将所确定的调整提供给被管理节点1260。
现在参考图19,在向被管理节点1260提供确定调整时,编排器服务器1240可将核与工作负荷线程的所标识的匹配(例如,在框1814中标识的匹配)发送到其中一个或更多个被管理节点1260,如框1822中所指示的。在发送所标识的匹配时,编排器服务器1240可以发送将工作负荷线程重新指配给同一处理器的另一核1320或同一被管理节点1260中的不同处理器的核1320的请求,如框1824中所指示的。如框1826中所指示的,编排器服务器1240可以发送将互补线程指配给同一核1320的请求。例如,如框1828中所指示的,编排器服务器1240可以发送调度前端绑定线程以与后端绑定线程在同一核1320上执行的请求。附加地或备选地,如框1830中所指示的,在提供确定调整时,编排器服务器1240可以将在图18的框1816中确定的工作负荷线程优先级重新调整发送到一个或更多个被管理节点1260。附加地或备选地,如框1832中所指示的,基于在上面讨论的图18的框1818中这么做的确定,编排器服务器1240可以将工作负荷重新指配给另一个被管理节点1260。随后,方法1800循环回到图18的框1802,其中编排器服务器1240将任何附加工作负荷指配给被管理节点1260。
示例
下面提供了本文公开的技术的说明性示例。技术的实施例可以包含下面所描述的示例中的任一个或更多个以及它们的任何组合。
示例1包含一种被管理节点以管理指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:一个或更多个处理器,其中每个处理器包含多个核;一个或更多个存储器装置,其中存储了多个指令,所述指令当由所述一个或更多个处理器执行时使所述被管理节点:执行指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的线程;生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;根据所述遥测数据来确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的执行效率;以及施加所确定的调整。
示例2包含示例1的主题,并且其中生成所述遥测数据包括利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段。
示例3包含示例1和2中任一示例的主题,并且其中所述多个指令当被执行时使所述被管理节点分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的执行效率。
示例4包含示例1-3中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述执行效率包括确定对于每个核的每指令循环数。
示例5包含示例1-4中任一示例的主题,并且其中所述多个指令当被执行时使所述被管理节点将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转。
示例6包含示例1-5中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例7包含示例1-6中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例8包含示例1-7中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
示例9包含示例1-8中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括确定每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
示例10包含示例1-9中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例11包含示例1-10中任一示例的主题,并且其中所述多个指令当被执行时进一步使所述被管理节点向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据。
示例12包含示例1-11中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向所述编排器服务器提供指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
示例13包含示例1-12中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向编排器服务器提供指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例14包含示例1-13中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定调整以减少一个或更多个所述核中每指令循环数。
示例15包含示例1-14中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据每个线程主要使用的流水线阶段的标识来确定对其中一个或更多个线程的优先级的调整。
示例16包含示例1-15中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定将其中一个或更多个线程重新指配给一个或更多个处理器中的另一处理器或另一核。
示例17包含示例1-16中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定重新指配包括确定使互补线程与其中一个或更多个核匹配的重新指配。
示例18包含示例1-17中任一示例的主题,并且其中匹配互补线程包括使前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程在同一核上匹配。
示例19包含示例1-18中任一示例的主题,并且其中所述多个指令当被执行时使所述被管理节点接收指示由编排器服务器确定的调整的调整数据。
示例20包含示例1-19中任一示例的主题,并且其中生成遥测数据包括从被管理节点的通信电路获得性能数据。
示例21包含一种用于管理指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率的方法,所述方法包括:由所述被管理节点用各包含多个核的一个或更多个处理器执行指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的线程;由被管理节点生成指示线程的执行效率的遥测数据,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;由被管理节点并且根据遥测数据来确定对线程的配置的调整以提高线程的执行效率;以及由被管理节点施加所确定的调整。
示例22包含示例21的主题,并且其中生成所述遥测数据包括利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段。
示例23包含示例21和22中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含:由所述被管理节点分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的执行效率。
示例24包含示例21-23中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述执行效率包括确定对于每个核的每指令循环数。
示例25包含示例21-24中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含:由所述被管理节点将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转。
示例26包含示例21-25中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例27包含示例21-26中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例28包含示例21-27中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
示例29包含示例21-28中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括确定每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
示例30包含示例21-29中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例31包含示例21-30中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含:由所述被管理节点向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据。
示例32包含示例21-31中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向所述编排器服务器提供指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
示例33包含示例21-32中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向编排器服务器提供指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例34包含示例21-33中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定调整以减少一个或更多个所述核中每指令循环数。
示例35包含示例21-34中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据每个线程主要使用的流水线阶段的标识来确定对其中一个或更多个线程的优先级的调整。
示例36包含示例21-35中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定将其中一个或更多个线程重新指配给一个或更多个处理器中的另一处理器或另一核。
示例37包含示例21-36中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定重新指配包括确定使互补线程与其中一个或更多个核匹配的重新指配。
示例38包含示例21-37中任一示例的主题,并且其中匹配互补线程包括使前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程在同一核上匹配。
示例39包含示例21-38中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含接收指示由编排器服务器确定的调整的调整数据。
示例40包含示例21-39中任一示例的主题,并且其中生成遥测数据包括从被管理节点的通信电路获得性能数据。
示例41包含一个或更多个机器可读存储介质,其包括其上存储的多个指令,所述指令响应于被执行而使被管理节点执行示例21-40中任一示例的方法。
示例42包含一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:一个或更多个处理器; 一个或更多个存储器装置,其中存储有多个指令,所述指令当由一个或更多个处理器执行时使被管理节点执行示例21-40中任一示例的方法。
示例43包含一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括用于执行示例21-40中任一示例的方法的部件。
示例44包含一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:工作负荷执行器电路,用各包含多个核的一个或更多个处理器执行指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的线程,并且生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;以及,资源管理器电路,用以根据所述遥测数据来确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的执行效率,并且施加所确定的调整。
示例45包含示例44的主题,并且其中生成所述遥测数据包括利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段。
示例46包含示例44和45中任一示例的主题,并且其中资源管理器电路进一步分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的执行效率。
示例47包含示例44-46中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述执行效率包括确定对于每个核的每指令循环数。
示例48包含示例44-47中任一示例的主题,并且其中资源管理器电路进一步将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转。
示例49包含示例44-48中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例50包含示例44-49中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例51包含示例44-50中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。[00138]示例52包含示例44-51中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括确定每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
示例53包含示例44-52中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定所述效率包括根据每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
示例54包含示例44-53中任一示例的主题,并且其中资源管理器进一步向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据。
示例55包含示例44-54中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向所述编排器服务器提供指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
示例56包含示例44-55中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所述效率数据包括向编排器服务器提供指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
示例57包含示例44-56中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定调整以减少一个或更多个所述核中每指令循环数。
示例58包含示例44-57中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据每个线程主要使用的流水线阶段的标识来确定对其中一个或更多个线程的优先级的调整。
示例59包含示例44-58中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定将其中一个或更多个线程重新指配给一个或更多个处理器中的另一处理器或另一核。
示例60包含示例44-59中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定重新指配包括确定使互补线程与其中一个或更多个核匹配的重新指配。
示例61包含示例44-60中任一示例的主题,并且其中匹配互补线程包括使前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程在同一核上匹配。
示例62包含示例44-61中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含网络通信器电路以接收指示由编排器服务器确定的调整的调整数据。
示例63包含示例44-62中任一示例的主题,并且其中生成遥测数据包括从被管理节点的通信电路获得性能数据。
示例64包含一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:用于用各包含多个核的一个或更多个处理器执行指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的线程的电路;以及用于生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据的电路,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;用于根据所述遥测数据来确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的执行效率的部件;以及用于施加所确定的调整的部件。
示例65包含示例64的主题,并且其中用于生成所述遥测数据的电路包括用于利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段的电路。
示例66包含示例64和65中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含用于分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的执行效率的部件。
示例67包含示例64-66中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述执行效率的部件包括用于确定对于每个核的每指令循环数的部件。
示例68包含示例64-67中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含:用于将每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转的部件。
示例69包含示例64-68中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述效率的部件包括用于生成指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹的部件。
示例70包含示例64-69中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述效率的部件包括用于根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量的部件。
示例71包含示例64-70中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述效率的部件包括用于生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射的部件。
示例72包含示例64-71中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述效率的部件包括确定每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
示例73包含示例64-72中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定所述效率的部件包括用于根据每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量的部件。
示例74包含示例64-73中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含用于向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据的部件。
示例75包含示例64-74中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所述效率数据的部件包括用于向所述编排器服务器提供指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射的部件。
示例76包含示例64-75中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所述效率数据的部件包括用于向编排器服务器提供指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹的部件。
示例77包含示例64-76中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于确定调整以减少一个或更多个所述核中每指令循环数的部件。
示例78包含示例64-77中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于根据每个线程主要使用的流水线阶段的标识来确定对其中一个或更多个线程的优先级的调整的部件。
示例79包含示例64-78中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于确定将其中一个或更多个线程重新指配给一个或更多个处理器中的另一处理器或另一核的部件。
示例80包含示例64-79中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定重新指配的部件包括用于确定使互补线程与其中一个或更多个核匹配的重新指配的部件。
示例81包含示例64-80中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于匹配互补线程的部件包括用于使前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程在同一核上匹配的部件。
示例82包含示例64-81中任一示例的主题,并且进一步包含用于接收指示由编排器服务器确定的调整的调整数据的电路。
示例83包含示例64-82中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于生成遥测数据的电路包括用于从被管理节点的通信电路获得性能数据的电路。
示例84包含一种编排器服务器,用以管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述编排器服务器包括:一个或更多个处理器;一个或更多个存储器装置,其中存储有多个指令,所述指令当由一个或更多个处理器执行时使编排器服务器:向该组被管理节点指配工作负荷;从被管理节点接收效率数据,其中所述效率数据指示由被管理节点中的处理器的核对工作负荷的线程的执行的效率,并且其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;确定对线程配置的调整以提高被管理节点中的执行效率;以及向被管理节点提供所确定的调整。
示例85包含示例84的主题,并且其中从被管理节点接收效率数据包括:接收指示被管理节点的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射或者指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据中的至少一个。
示例86包含示例84和85中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括标识工作负荷线程与被管理节点的核的匹配。
示例87包含示例84-86中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将所标识的匹配发送到被管理节点。
示例88包含示例84-87中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据来确定对线程优先级的调整。
示例89包含示例84-88中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定工作负荷从一个被管理节点到另一个被管理节点的重新指配。
示例90包含示例84-89中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将线程重新指配给被管理节点内的另一处理器或另一核的请求。
示例91包含示例84-90中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将互补线程指配给同一核的请求。
示例92包含示例84-91中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送在同一核上调度前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程的请求。
示例93包含示例84-92中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷线程优先级调整发送到至少一个被管理节点。
示例94包含示例84-93中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷从一个被管理节点重新指配到另一个被管理节点。
示例95包含一种管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率的方法,所述方法包括:由编排器服务器向该组被管理节点指配工作负荷;由编排器服务器从被管理节点接收效率数据,其中所述效率数据指示由被管理节点中的处理器的核对工作负荷的线程的执行的效率,并且其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;由编排器服务器确定对线程配置的调整以提高被管理节点中的执行效率;以及由编排器服务器向被管理节点提供所确定的调整。
示例96包含示例95的主题,并且其中从被管理节点接收效率数据包括:接收指示被管理节点的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射或者指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据中的至少一个。
示例97包含示例95和96中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括标识工作负荷线程与被管理节点的核的匹配。
示例98包含示例95-97中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将所标识的匹配发送到被管理节点。
示例99包含示例95-98中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据来确定对线程优先级的调整。
示例100包含示例95-99中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定工作负荷从一个被管理节点到另一个被管理节点的重新指配。
示例101包含示例95-100中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将线程重新指配给被管理节点内的另一处理器或另一核的请求。
示例102包含示例95-101中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将互补线程指配给同一核的请求。
示例103包含示例95-102中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送在同一核上调度前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程的请求。
示例104包含示例95-103中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷线程优先级调整发送到至少一个被管理节点。
示例105包含示例95-104中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷从一个被管理节点重新指配到另一个被管理节点。
示例106包含一个或更多个机器可读存储介质,包括其上存储的多个指令,所述指令响应于被执行而使编排器服务器执行示例95-105中任一示例的方法。
示例107包含一种编排器服务器,用以管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述编排器服务器包括:一个或更多个处理器;一个或更多个存储器装置,其中存储有多个指令,所述指令当由一个或更多个处理器执行时使编排器服务器执行示例95-105中任一示例的方法。
示例108包含一种编排器服务器以管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述编排器服务器包括用于执行示例95-105中任一示例的方法的部件。
示例109包含一种编排器服务器以管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述编排器服务器包括:工作负荷指配器电路,向该组被管理节点指配工作负荷;网络通信器电路,从被管理节点接收效率数据,其中所述效率数据指示由被管理节点中的处理器的核对工作负荷的线程的执行的效率,并且其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;以及效率管理器电路,确定对线程配置的调整以提高被管理节点中的执行效率,并且向被管理节点提供所确定的调整。
示例110包含示例109的主题,并且其中从被管理节点接收效率数据包括:接收指示被管理节点的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射或者指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据中的至少一个。
示例111包含示例109和110中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括标识工作负荷线程与被管理节点的核的匹配。
示例112包含示例109-111中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将所标识的匹配发送到被管理节点。
示例113包含示例109-112中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括根据指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据来确定对线程优先级的调整。
示例114包含示例109-113中任一示例的主题,并且其中确定调整包括确定工作负荷从一个被管理节点到另一个被管理节点的重新指配。
示例115包含示例109-114中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将线程重新指配给被管理节点内的另一处理器或另一核的请求。
示例116包含示例109-115中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送将互补线程指配给同一核的请求。
示例117包含示例109-116中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括发送在同一核上调度前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程的请求。
示例118包含示例109-117中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷线程优先级调整发送到至少一个被管理节点。
示例119包含示例109-118中任一示例的主题,并且其中提供所确定的调整包括将工作负荷从一个被管理节点重新指配到另一个被管理节点。
示例120包含一种编排器服务器以管理指配给一组被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述编排器服务器包括:用于向该组被管理节点指配工作负荷的部件;用于从被管理节点接收效率数据的电路,其中所述效率数据指示由被管理节点中的处理器的核对工作负荷的线程的执行的效率,并且其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;以及用于确定对线程配置的调整以提高被管理节点中的执行效率的部件;以及用于向被管理节点提供所确定的调整的电路。
示例121包含示例120的主题,并且其中用于从被管理节点接收效率数据的电路包括用于接收指示被管理节点的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射或者指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据中的至少一个的电路。
示例122包含示例120和121中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于标识工作负荷线程与被管理节点的核的匹配的部件。
示例123包含示例120-122中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于将所标识的匹配发送到被管理节点的电路。
示例124包含示例120-123中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于根据指示每个线程在预定义时间段内对对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的线程指纹数据来确定对线程优先级的调整的部件。
示例125包含示例120-124中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于确定调整的部件包括用于确定工作负荷从一个被管理节点到另一个被管理节点的重新指配的部件。
示例126包含示例120-125中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于发送将线程重新指配给被管理节点内的另一处理器或另一核的请求的电路。
示例127包含示例120-126中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于发送将互补线程指配给同一核的请求的电路。
示例128包含示例120-127中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于发送在同一核上调度前端绑定线程与后端绑定线程的请求的电路。
示例129包含示例120-128中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于将工作负荷线程优先级调整发送到至少一个被管理节点的电路。
示例130包含示例120-129中任一示例的主题,并且其中用于提供所确定的调整的电路包括用于将工作负荷从一个被管理节点重新指配到另一个被管理节点的电路。
Claims (36)
1.一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:
一个或更多个处理器,其中每个处理器包含多个核;
一个或更多个存储器装置,在其中存储了多个指令,所述指令当由所述一个或更多个处理器执行时使所述被管理节点用于:
执行指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的线程;
生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;
根据所述遥测数据来确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的所述执行效率;以及
施加所确定的调整。
2.如权利要求1所述的被管理节点,其中生成所述遥测数据包括利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段。
3.如权利要求1所述的被管理节点,其中所述多个指令当被执行时使所述被管理节点分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的所述执行效率。
4.如权利要求3所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述执行效率包括确定对于每个核的每指令循环数。
5.如权利要求4所述的被管理节点,其中所述多个指令当被执行时使所述被管理节点将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转。
6.如权利要求3所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述效率包括生成指示由每个线程在预定义时间段内对所述对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
7.如权利要求6所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述效率包括根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
8.如权利要求3所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述效率包括生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
9.如权利要求3所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述效率包括确定由每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
10.如权利要求9所述的被管理节点,其中确定所述效率包括根据由每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
11.如权利要求3所述的被管理节点,其中所述多个指令当被执行时进一步使所述被管理节点向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据。
12.如权利要求11所述的被管理节点,其中提供所述效率数据包括向所述编排器服务器提供指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
13.一种用于管理指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率的方法,所述方法包括:
由所述被管理节点用各包含多个核的一个或更多个处理器执行指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的线程;
由所述被管理节点生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;
由所述被管理节点并且根据所述遥测数据来确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的所述执行效率;以及
由所述被管理节点施加所确定的调整。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中生成所述遥测数据包括利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,进一步包括:由所述被管理节点分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的所述执行效率。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中确定所述执行效率包括确定对于每个核的每指令循环数。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,进一步包括:由所述被管理节点将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转。
18.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中确定所述效率包括生成指示由每个线程在预定义时间段内对所述对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中确定所述效率包括根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
20.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中确定所述效率包括生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射。
21.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中确定所述效率包括确定由每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段。
22.如权利要求21所述的方法,其中确定所述效率包括根据由每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量。
23.如权利要求15所述的方法,进一步包括:由所述被管理节点向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据。
24.一个或更多个机器可读存储介质,包括在其上存储的多个指令,所述指令响应于被执行而使被管理节点执行如权利要求13-23中任一项所述的方法。
25.一种被管理节点,用以管理指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的所述执行效率,所述被管理节点包括:
一个或更多个处理器;
一个或更多个存储器装置,在其中存储了多个指令,所述指令当由所述一个或更多个处理器执行时使所述被管理节点执行如权利要求13-23中任一项所述的方法。
26.一种用以管理指配给被管理节点的工作负荷的执行效率的设备,包括:
用于用各包含多个核的一个或更多个处理器执行指配给所述被管理节点的工作负荷的线程的部件;
用于生成指示所述线程的执行效率的遥测数据的部件,其中所述效率指示由对应核执行的每指令循环数;
用于根据所述遥测数据确定对所述线程的配置的调整以提高所述线程的所述执行效率的部件;以及
用于施加所确定的调整的部件。
27.如权利要求26所述的设备,其中用于生成所述遥测数据的所述部件包括用于利用与每个核的流水线的每个阶段关联的计数器来标识每个线程的目前流水线阶段的部件。
28.如权利要求26所述的设备,进一步包括:用于分析所述遥测数据以确定所述线程的所述执行效率的部件。
29.如权利要求28所述的设备,其中用于确定所述执行效率的所述部件包括用于确定对于每个核的每指令循环数的部件。
30.如权利要求29所述的设备,进一步包括:用于将所述每指令循环数与预定义每指令循环数进行比较,以确定其中一个或更多个所述核是否停转的部件。
31.如权利要求28所述的设备,其中用于确定所述效率的所述部件包括用于生成指示由每个线程在预定义时间段内对所述对应核的流水线阶段的使用的模式的指纹的部件。
32.如权利要求31所述的设备,其中用于确定所述效率的所述部件包括用于根据所生成的指纹来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量的部件。
33.如权利要求28所述的设备,其中用于确定所述效率的所述部件包括用于生成指示所述一个或更多个处理器的每个核上的每个线程的流水线阶段利用的映射的部件。
34.如权利要求28所述的设备,其中用于确定所述效率的所述部件包括用于确定由每个线程主要利用的流水线阶段的部件。
35.如权利要求34所述的设备,其中用于确定所述效率的所述部件包括用于根据由每个线程主要利用的所确定流水线阶段来确定每个核的目前容量和每个核的预测容量的部件。
36.如权利要求28所述的设备,进一步包括:用于向编排器服务器提供指示所确定的效率的效率数据的部件。
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