FI112230B - Polymeriseringsförfarande - Google Patents
Polymeriseringsförfarande Download PDFInfo
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- FI112230B FI112230B FI955561A FI955561A FI112230B FI 112230 B FI112230 B FI 112230B FI 955561 A FI955561 A FI 955561A FI 955561 A FI955561 A FI 955561A FI 112230 B FI112230 B FI 112230B
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1809—Controlling processes
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
- B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1836—Heating and cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
- B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
- B05B7/0433—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of gas surrounded by an external conduit of liquid upstream the mixing chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
- B01J2208/00061—Temperature measurement of the reactants
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2208/00088—Flow rate measurement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00256—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles in a heat exchanger for the heat exchange medium separate from the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00265—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling
- B01J2208/00274—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling involving reactant vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00327—Controlling the temperature by direct heat exchange
- B01J2208/00336—Controlling the temperature by direct heat exchange adding a temperature modifying medium to the reactants
- B01J2208/00353—Non-cryogenic fluids
- B01J2208/00362—Liquid
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00539—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00548—Flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00119—Heat exchange inside a feeding nozzle or nozzle reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/00128—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling by evaporation of reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/901—Monomer polymerized in vapor state in presence of transition metal containing catalyst
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Claims (33)
1. Kontinuerligt flytbäddsförfarande som skall förverkligas i en gasfas för polymerisering av en olefin- 5 monomer, vilken monomer är (a) eten, (b) propen, (c) en blandning av eten och propen eller (d) en blandning av olefin (a) eller (b) eller blandning (c) och en eller fle-ra andra α-olefiner, i en flytbäddsreaktor genom att lata en gasström cirkulera i nämnda reaktor, vilken gasström 10 innehäller ätminstone en del av etenet och/eller propenet, kontinuerligt genom en flytbädd under reaktionsförhällan-den i närvaro av en polymeriseringskatalysator, genom att kylä ätminstone en del av nämnda frän reaktorn avlägsnade gasström till en temperatur, vid vilken vätskan kondense-15 ras, genom att separera ätminstone en del av den kondense-rade vätskan frän gasströmmen och genom att leda ätminsto-ne en del av den separerade vätskan direkt in i flytbädden vid eller ovanför ett ställe, där gasströmmen som gär genom flytbädden i stort sett har uppnätt temperaturen hos 20 gasströmmen som avlägsnas frän reaktorn.
2. Kontinuerligt flytbäddsförfarande som skall ‘ "i förverkligas i en gasfas för polymerisering av en olefin- : monomer, vilken monomer är (a) eten, (b) propen, (c) en blandning av eten och propen eller (d) en blandning av i ,·. 25 olefin (a) eller (b) eller blandning (c) och en eller fle- ; ra andra α-olefiner, i en f lytbäddsreaktor genom att läta en gasström cirkulera i nämnda reaktor, vilken gasström innehäller ätminstone en del av etenet och/eller propenet, kontinuerligt genom en flytbädd under reaktionsförhällan- : 3 0 den i närvaro av en polymeriseringskatalysator, genom att *...· kylä ätminstone en del av nämnda frän reaktorn avlägsnade : gasström tili en temperatur, vid vilken vätskan kondense- .*·. ras, genom att separera ätminstone en del av den kondense- i;> rade vätskan frän gasströmmen och genom att leda vätskan '·*·’ 35 direkt in i flytbädden med hjälp av en eller flera enbart > · · : .* för vätska avsedda dyser eller gasspraydyser. 40 112230
3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, kän-netecknat av att flytbädden uppbärs ovanför ett flui-diseringsnät.
4. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa-5 tentkraven, kännetecknat av att nämnda en eller flera andra cc-olefiner innehäller 4-8 kolatomer.
5. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa-tentkraven, kännetecknat av att eten eller propen är närvarande minst 70 % av monomerernas totalmängd. 10
6. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- tentkraven, kännetecknat av att i stort sett hela cirkulationsgasströmmen kyls och delas i vätske- och gas-komponenter och i stort sett all separerad vätska leds tili reaktorn. 15
7. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- tentkraven, kännetecknat av att vätskan leds direkt in i flytbädden pä mänga ställen i nämnda bädd.
8. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- tentkraven, kännetecknat av att gasens hastighet i 20 flytbädden är 50 - 70 cm/s.
9. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- ; : tentkraven, kännetecknat av att katalysatorn eller ; förpolymeren kan om sä önskas ledas in i flytbädden i den • ’j kondenserade vätskan. : ·. 25
10. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- ; .*, tentkraven, kännetecknat av att den separerade väts- < · |!j.‘ keströmmen kan kylas genom användning av kallteknik, innan » * » ’ den leds in i flytbädden.
11. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- : ·* 30 tentkraven, kännetecknat av att kompletteringseten tillsätts i den separerade cirkulationsgasströmmen, innan : den leds tillbaka tili reaktorn.
12. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa- i;> tentkraven, kännetecknat av att vätskan leds tili *···' 3 5 flytbädden med en hastighet av 0,3 - 4,9 m3 vätska/m3 : bäddmaterial per timme. 41 112230
13. Förfarande enligt nägot av de föregäende pa-tentkraven, kännetecknat av att massaförhällandet för vätska och all gas som skall ledas tili bädden är i omrä-det av 5:100 - 85:100. 5
14. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 2, känneteck nat av att dysen är placerad i stort sett vertikalt i flytbädden.
15. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 2, kännetecknat av att gasspraydysen omfattar 10 (a) ätminstone en inloppsöppning för trycksatt vätska, (b) ätminstone en inloppsöppning för spraygas, (c) en blandningskammare för att blanda nämnda trycksatta vätska och spraygas och 15 (d) ätminstone en utloppsöppning, via vilken nämn da blandning av gas och vätska släpps ut.
16. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 15, känne tecknat av att spraygasen är kompletteringseten.
17. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 15 eller 16, 20 kännetecknat av att dysen är försedd med flera ut- loppsöppningar.
18. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 17, känne - ; ·'; tecknat av att i stort sett alla utloppsöppningar är I spaltliknande tili formen. ; .*. 25
19. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 15 - 18, : kännetecknat av att blandningskammarens (spraykamma- ’i!.* rens) volym i förhällande tili volymen av vätskan som gär genom kammaren uttryckt som förhällandet blandningskammarens volym (cm3)/vätskans strömningshastighet (cm3/s) , är : ·' 30 5-10'3 - 5-10 1 sekunder. • · »
20. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 14 - 18, kännetecknat av att spraygasens massaförhällande tili trycksatt vätska är i omrädet 5:95 - 25:75. • · i;i
21. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 14 - 20, ’*·' 35 kännetecknat av att vätskedropparnas storlek vid .* nämnda dys utloppsöppning är 50 - 4000 μπι. 42 112230
22. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 14 - 21, kännetecknat av att trycksänkningen i gasspraydysen är 3 - 5 bar och i dysen avsedd för enbart vätska 4-5 bar.
23. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 14 - 22, 5 kännetecknat av att dysen förses med medel för att ordna en nödgassköljning genom nämnda dys.
24. Förfarande för polymerisering av en olefinmo-nomer i en flytbäddsreaktor genom att läta en gasström som innehäller monomeren cirkulera i nämnda reaktor kontinuer- 10 ligt genom en flytbädd under reaktionsförhällanden i när-varo av en polymeriseringskatalysator, genom att kylä ät-minstone en del av nämnda frän reaktorn avlägsnade gasström tili en temperatur, vid vilken vätskan kondenseras, genom att separera ätminstone en del av den kondenserade 15 vätskan frän gasströmmen och genom att leda ätminstone en del av den separerade vätskan direkt in i flytbädden vid eller ovanför ett ställe, där gasströmmen som gär genom flytbädden i stort sett har uppnätt temperaturen hos gasströmmen som avlägsnas frän reaktorn, vilken vätska mätäs 20 in i nämnda reaktor som en eller flera enbart av vätska bestäende strälar eller som en eller flera av vätska och i gas bestäende strälar frän en eller flera strälutloppsöpp- ningar, varvid varje sträles horisontalmomentströmning är i fallet med strälar som enbart bestär av vatten minst 25 100 ·103 kgs^m'2-ms'1 och i fallet med gas-vätskesträlar >* minst 200 ·103 kgs_1m'2-ms'1, vilken horisontalmomentström- ning definieras som vätskans massaströmningshastighet (kg/s) i horisontalriktningen per strälutloppsöppningens tvärsnittsytenhet (m2) multiplicerat med den horisontala ·' 30 komponenten (m/s) för strälens hastighet.
25. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 24, olefinmonome- ren är (a) eten, (b) propen, (c) en blandning av eten och propen eller (d) en blandning av olefin (a) eller (b) el-ler blandning (c) och en eller flera andra a-olefiner. 35 43 112230
26. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 24 eller 25, kännetecknat av att varje vätske- eller vätskegas-sträles horisontala momentströmning är minst 250*103 kgs^m'^ms'1. 5
27. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 24 - 26, kännetecknat av att en eller flera av vätske- eller vätske-gassträlarna är riktade in i bädden i stort sett horisontalt.
28. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 24 - 27, 10 kännetecknat av att en eller flera av vätske- eller vätske-gassträlarna kommer frän strälutloppsöppningarna i en eller flera dyser.
29. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 28, känne tecknat av att flera dyser används, vilka placeras pä 15 lika längt avständ frän varandra och frän flytbäddsreak-torns vertikalvägg.
30. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 28 eller 29, kännetecknat av att antalet dyser per tio kvadratme-ter av bäddens horisontala tvärsnittsyta är 1 - 4. 20
31. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 28 - 30, kännetecknat av att antalet strälutloppsöppningar i ; ; respektive dys är 3 - 16.
. 32. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 27 - 30, , kännetecknat av att varje dys uppvisar mänga strälut- : .j 25 loppsöppningar placerade i en ring runt dysen.
33. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 28 - 32, ';· kännetecknat av att strälutloppsöppningarna är i ’·' ‘ stort sett spaltliknande tili formen. I i » i t t I » · f t I · I * I t $
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB939310387A GB9310387D0 (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1993-05-20 | Polymerization process |
GB939310390A GB9310390D0 (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1993-05-20 | Polymerization process |
GB939310388A GB9310388D0 (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1993-05-20 | Polymerization process |
GB9310388 | 1993-05-20 | ||
GB9310390 | 1993-05-20 | ||
GB9310387 | 1993-05-20 | ||
PCT/GB1994/001074 WO1994028032A1 (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1994-05-19 | Polymerisation process |
GB9401074 | 1994-05-19 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FI955561A0 FI955561A0 (sv) | 1995-11-17 |
FI955561A FI955561A (sv) | 1995-11-17 |
FI112230B true FI112230B (sv) | 2003-11-14 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FI955561A FI112230B (sv) | 1993-05-20 | 1995-11-17 | Polymeriseringsförfarande |
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US (4) | US5541270A (sv) |
EP (3) | EP0802202B1 (sv) |
JP (1) | JPH08510497A (sv) |
KR (1) | KR100300468B1 (sv) |
CN (1) | CN1077111C (sv) |
AT (2) | ATE163017T1 (sv) |
BG (1) | BG62854B1 (sv) |
BR (1) | BR9406535A (sv) |
CA (1) | CA2161432C (sv) |
CZ (1) | CZ289037B6 (sv) |
DE (2) | DE69408450T2 (sv) |
DZ (1) | DZ1782A1 (sv) |
EG (1) | EG20361A (sv) |
ES (1) | ES2113104T3 (sv) |
FI (1) | FI112230B (sv) |
GR (1) | GR3025973T3 (sv) |
HK (1) | HK1008963A1 (sv) |
HU (1) | HU214842B (sv) |
IN (1) | IN190621B (sv) |
MY (1) | MY121539A (sv) |
NO (1) | NO309327B1 (sv) |
NZ (1) | NZ266173A (sv) |
PL (1) | PL177865B1 (sv) |
RO (1) | RO116551B1 (sv) |
RU (1) | RU2144042C1 (sv) |
SG (1) | SG49037A1 (sv) |
SK (1) | SK281033B6 (sv) |
TW (1) | TW347397B (sv) |
UA (1) | UA40615C2 (sv) |
WO (1) | WO1994028032A1 (sv) |
ZA (1) | ZA943399B (sv) |
Families Citing this family (689)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6538080B1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 2003-03-25 | Bp Chemicals Limited | Gas phase polymerization of olefins |
GB9500226D0 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1995-03-01 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Nozzle |
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