CN104279215A - 用于配合部件的对齐机构和方法 - Google Patents

用于配合部件的对齐机构和方法 Download PDF

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CN104279215A
CN104279215A CN201410329811.6A CN201410329811A CN104279215A CN 104279215 A CN104279215 A CN 104279215A CN 201410329811 A CN201410329811 A CN 201410329811A CN 104279215 A CN104279215 A CN 104279215A
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rabbet joint
elastically deformable
wall section
teat
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CN104279215B (zh
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S.E.莫里斯
J.P.拉沃尔
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/06Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips
    • F16B5/0607Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other
    • F16B5/0621Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship
    • F16B5/0664Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship at least one of the sheets or plates having integrally formed or integrally connected snap-in-features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/06Releasable fastening devices with snap-action
    • F16B21/08Releasable fastening devices with snap-action in which the stud, pin, or spigot has a resilient part
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49863Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
    • Y10T29/49876Assembling or joining with prestressing of part by snap fit
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/16Joints and connections with adjunctive protector, broken parts retainer, repair, assembly or disassembly feature
    • Y10T403/1616Position or guide means
    • Y10T403/1624Related to joint component

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于配合部件的对齐机构包括具有第一和第二可弹性变形突部的第一部件。还包括第二部件,其被操作地联接至所述第一部件,所述第二部件包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐。所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,由此降低第一和第二部件之间的相对移动,其中所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与内或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。

Description

用于配合部件的对齐机构和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及被配合在一起的部件,并且更特别地涉及用于配合部件的弹性对齐机构(alignment arrangement),以及在配合部件之间提供标称间隙的方法。
背景技术
当前,待在制造工艺中配合在一起的部件基于部件之间的配合机构而受到位置波动的影响。一种常见机构包括通过2路和/或4路阳性对齐特征相对于彼此相互定位的部件,所述阳性对齐特征通常为尺寸较小的阳性结构,其被接收到相应的尺寸较大的阴性对齐特征中,比如呈开口或槽缝形式的孔眼。替代地,可以采用双面胶带、胶粘剂或焊接工艺来配合部件。与确切配合机构无关,在对齐特征的至少一部分之间存在空隙,其被预定为与作为加工(或制造)偏差的结果而产生的配合特征的预期尺寸和位置波动公差匹配。作为结果,配合部件之间的显著位置波动的发生是有可能的,其可能造成存在非所需地大的且变化的间隙以及其它方面的配合不良。对齐和附接特征之间的空隙可能导致配合部件之间的相对运动,其可能造成品质感觉差。附加的非所需影响可能包括例如配合部件的吱吱声和咯咯声(squeaking and rattling)。
发明内容
在一个示例性实施例中,一种用于配合部件的对齐机构包括具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部的第一部件。还包括第二部件,其被操作地联接至所述第一部件,所述第二部件包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐。所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
在另一示例性实施例中,一种用于汽车变速模式指示器的对齐机构包括:装饰部件,其具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部。还包括指示器结构,其被操作地联接至所述装饰部件,所述指示器结构包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐。所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
在又一示例性实施例中,提供了一种在配合部件之间提供标称间隙的方法。所述方法包括:将第一部件定位成与第二部件紧邻。所述方法还包括:使第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部与第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合。所述方法进一步包括:在与所述内槽缝壁段或所述外槽缝壁段接合时使所述可弹性变形突部弹性变形。所述方法再进一步包括:将所述可弹性变形突部插入到完全接合位置,其中所述完全接合位置在所述可弹性变形突部上施加一对反作用力。
本公开还提供以下技术方案:
1. 一种用于配合部件的对齐机构,包括:
第一部件,其具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部;
第二部件,其被操作地联接至所述第一部件,所述第二部件包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐;和
其中,所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
2. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲离开彼此,其中所述接触干涉状态降低所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间在第一方向上的相对旋转和相对平移。
3. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲朝向彼此,其中所述接触干涉状态降低所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间在第一方向上的相对旋转和相对平移。
4. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括具有空心部分的管状构件。
5. 如技术方案4所述的对齐机构,其中,所述管状构件包括位于所述管状构件的终端端部附近的倾斜区域。
6. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,所述槽缝进一步包括槽缝宽度,并且其中所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括大于所述槽缝宽度的突部宽度。
7. 如技术方案6所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应第一槽缝侧壁段和第二槽缝侧壁段之间的接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成以所述槽缝在接合位置压缩。
8. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述第一可弹性变形突部和所述第二可弹性变形突部的完全接合位置,其中所述可弹性变形突部的变形量相对于彼此在总体上被平均。
9. 如技术方案8所述的对齐机构,其中,所述完全接合位置包括施加在所述可弹性变形突部上的一对反作用力。
10. 如技术方案1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述对齐机构设置在交通工具中。
11. 一种用于汽车变速模式指示器的对齐机构,包括:
装饰部件,其具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部;
指示器结构,其被操作地联接至所述装饰部件,所述指示器结构包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐;和
其中,所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
12. 如技术方案11所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲离开彼此。
13. 如技术方案11所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲朝向彼此。
14. 如技术方案11所述的对齐机构,其中,所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括具有空心部分的管状构件。
15. 如技术方案14所述的对齐机构,其中,所述管状构件包括位于所述管状构件的终端端部附近的倾斜区域。
16. 如技术方案11所述的对齐机构,每个槽缝具有槽缝宽度,并且其中所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括大于所述槽缝宽度的突部宽度。
17. 如技术方案16所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应第一槽缝侧壁段和第二槽缝侧壁段之间的接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成以所述槽缝在接合位置压缩。
18. 如技术方案15所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述第一可弹性变形突部和所述第二可弹性变形突部的完全接合位置,其中所述可弹性变形突部的变形量相对于彼此在总体上被平均。
19. 如技术方案18所述的对齐机构,其中,所述完全接合位置包括施加在所述可弹性变形突部上的一对反作用力。
20. 一种在配合部件之间提供标称间隙的方法,包括:
将第一部件定位成与第二部件紧邻;
使第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部与第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合;
在与所述内槽缝壁段或所述外槽缝壁段接合时使所述可弹性变形突部弹性变形,以及
将所述可弹性变形突部插入到完全接合位置,其中所述完全接合位置在所述可弹性变形突部上施加一对反作用力。
从下面对本发明的详细描述,在结合附图理解时,本发明的上述特征和优点及其他特征和优点是显而易见的。
附图说明
其它特征、优点和细节只通过示例方式出现在下面对实施例的详细描述中,所述详细描述参考附图,附图中:
图1是包括第一部件和第二部件的配合组件的俯视透视图;
图2是图1的第二部件的透视图;
图3是处于组装状态的图1的配合组件的仰视透视图;
图4是根据另一实施例的第二部件的平面图;
图5是配合组件的对齐机构的平面图;
图6是处于接合位置的对齐机构的作用力图;
图7是与对齐机构的槽缝接合的对齐机构的突部的平面图;
图8是沿图7的线8-8所取的与槽缝接合的突部的剖视图;
图9是沿图7的线9-9所取的与槽缝接合的突部的剖视图;并且
图10是流程图,示出了在配合部件之间提供标称间隙的方法。
具体实施方式
以下描述在本质上仅仅是示例性的,并且并非旨在限制本公开、其应用或者用途。例如,所示实施例适用于交通工具内部部件组件,但是本文所公开的实施例可以用于任何适当的部件,来为所有方式的配合部件和部件应用的精确定位和对齐提供弹性平均,包括许多工业、消费产品(例如,消费类电子产品、各种家电和类似物)、运输、能源和航空航天应用,并且特别包括许多其它类型的交通工具部件和应用,比如各种内部、外部和罩下交通工具部件和应用。应该明白的是:在全部附图中,对应的附图标记指示相似或者对应的零部件和特征。
参考图1,示出了配合组件10。配合组件10包括被构造成彼此接合或配合的部件,比如第一部件12和第二部件14。如以上指出的,在一个实施例中,配合组件10被采用于交通工具比如汽车中。在汽车实施例中,配合组件10可以包括与指示器结构相关联的部件。如将从本文的描述中所理解的,配合组件10的实施例可以用于任何应用,其受益于在配合或接合部件之间提供标称间隙对齐。
配合组件10包括第一部件12,其被构造成与第二部件14接合和配合。在所示实施例中,第一部件12包括汽车内部装饰部件,其一体地形成于或被操作地联接至较大结构或组件15。在一个实施例中,第二部件14包括指示器结构,通常被称为PRNDM指示器。指示器为驾驶员提供交通工具的变速模式(即,驻停、倒档、空档、驱动和手动档(Mid))的视觉指示。如以上指出的,配合组件10的第一部件12和第二部件14可以指多种其它汽车或非汽车结构的部件,因此在本文进行第一部件12和第二部件14的一般性描述。
参考图2和3,以更详细的细节示出了第二部件14。第二部件14包括第一槽缝16和第二槽缝18,它们以相对同轴的对齐围绕轴线20基本上居中,且第一槽缝16和第二槽缝18形成第一对槽缝19。如图所示,可想到的是:一个或多个附加对的槽缝21被包括(图4),其中这些附加对的槽缝通常对齐成与第一对槽缝19相对平行。第一槽缝16和第二槽缝18各自包括槽缝壁22,其包括第一槽缝侧壁段24、第二槽缝侧壁段26、内槽缝壁段28和外槽缝壁段30。槽缝16、18被构造成接收从第一部件12延伸出的可弹性变形突部,如以下将详细描述的。为了促进可弹性变形突部的插入,槽缝16、18可以沿着所有或一部分槽缝壁22包括倒角部分33(图8和9)。
参考图5,第一部件12包括主表面32。从主表面32延伸出的是第一可弹性变形突部34和第二可弹性变形突部36。可弹性变形突部34、36中的每个被操作地联接至主表面32,并且可以与第一部件12一体地形成。如以上指出的,槽缝16、18可以沿着槽缝壁22包括角状部分(angled portion)。作为一替代方案,可以用可弹性变形突部34、36的终端端部40处的倾斜区域38来促进插入。如图所示,可弹性变形突部34、36是管状构件。可弹性变形突部34、36的管状性质增强可弹性变形突部34、36在与第二部件14接合期间的可变形性,其将从以下描述得到理解。可弹性变形突部34、36可以由众多几何结构形成,包括例如圆形或三角形。尽管被图示和描述为管状构件,但是可想到的是:可弹性变形突部34、36可以形成为实心构件;然而,将采用更柔顺的材料。
在接合位置,第一可弹性变形突部34和第二可弹性变形突部36基本上分别设置在第二部件14的第一槽缝16和第二槽缝18内。每个槽缝16、18包括槽缝宽度42(图6)。类似地,可弹性变形突部34、36各自包括大于槽缝宽度42的突部宽度46。该尺寸关系确保可弹性变形突部34、36在插入槽缝16、18中时以及与槽缝壁22接合时发生变形。如以上所描述的,可弹性变形突部34、36中的每个可以包括位于终端端部40处的倾斜区域38,由此提供“引入”表面,其促进可弹性变形突部34、36向槽缝16、18中的插入。
可弹性变形突部34、36在槽缝16、18的端部区域附近与槽缝16、18对齐,并且可以在可弹性变形突部34、36插入之前与之略微错位。具体地,可弹性变形突部34、36基本上与内槽缝壁段28或外槽缝壁段30对齐。应该明白的是:可弹性变形突部34、36均与内或外槽缝壁段对齐,以便在第二部件14上施加反作用力。插入时,在可弹性变形突部34、36与槽缝16、18之间建立干涉状态。可弹性变形突部34、36定位成邻近槽缝16、18的端部区域,以经由可弹性变形突部34、36与槽缝16、18之间的干涉在第二部件14上给予反作用力。
如图6-9中示出的,在可弹性变形突部34、36向槽缝16、18中插入时,实现了弯曲样态(aspect)97和压缩样态99。可弹性变形突部34、36通过干涉在两侧被压缩(图8)并在槽缝16、18的外槽缝壁段30处弯曲(图9)。相对于槽缝宽度42的较大突部宽度46压缩可弹性变形突部34、36并导致可弹性变形突部34、36的相关联作用力矢量F1、F2、F3、F4(图5)。这些作用力矢量一起发挥作用来将部件相对于彼此在正或负方向Y上以及相对于方向Z上的旋转定位,由此降低第一部件12和第二部件14在组装时沿这些方向的相对移动。突部的弯曲产生反作用力F5、F6。这些作用力矢量一起发挥作用来将部件相对于彼此在正或负方向X上定位。相应作用力矢量分量在方向上彼此对抗以导致第二部件14相对于第一部件12以标称总体间隙对齐,并且在第一部件12与第二部件14之间提供紧密的相配接合。这种接合通过使要不然会由于位置误差、公差和尺寸波动而存在的不均匀和/或过大间隙平均化来提供标称间隙。为了控制第一部件12与第二部件14之间的距离,至少一个支脚35可以被包括并从主表面32延伸出,以在可弹性变形突部34、36向槽缝16、18中插入时接合第二部件14。此外,至少一个支脚35决定与配合表面足够远的位置,以允许可弹性变形突部34、36挠曲。
如从本文的描述中将清楚明了的,可弹性变形突部34、36的可弹性变形性质与以上描述的特定取向的组合会促进第一部件12与第二部件14的精确对齐,并且更特别地以关联于部件的标称间隙来提供部件的对齐。
任何适当的可弹性变形材料都可以用于可弹性变形突部34、36。术语“可弹性变形”是指部件或包括部件特征在内的部件的一些部分包含具有通常的弹性变形特性的材料,其中所述材料被构造成响应于作用力的施加在其形状、尺寸或两者上经受弹性可逆的变化。导致材料的弹性可逆或弹性变形的作用力可以包括拉伸、压缩、剪切、弯曲或扭转作用力、或这些作用力的各种组合。可弹性变形材料可以呈现出:线性弹性变形,例如根据虎克定律描述的弹性变形;或非线性弹性变形。
可以至少部分地形成这些部件的材料的众多示例包括各种金属、聚合物、陶瓷、无机材料或玻璃、或前述材料中任意种的复合材料、或其任何其它组合。大量复合材料被设想到,包括各种填充聚合物,包括玻璃、陶瓷、金属和无机材料填充聚合物,特别是玻璃、金属、陶瓷、无机或碳纤维填充聚合物。可以采用任何适当的填料形态,包括所有形状和尺寸的颗粒或纤维。更具体地,可以使用任意适当类型的纤维,包括连续和不连续的纤维、织造和非织造的布料、毛毡或亚麻短纤维(tow)、或其组合。可以使用任何适当的金属,包括钢、铸铁、铝、镁或钛的各种牌号和合金、或其复合材料、或其任何其它组合。聚合物可以包括热塑性聚合物或热固性聚合物、或其复合材料、或其任何其它组合,包括宽范围的共聚物和聚合物共混物。在一个实施例中,优选的塑料材料是这样一种塑料材料,其具有弹性性能,以便弹性变形而不产生裂纹,例如,包括以下成分的材料:丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)聚合物、更特别是聚碳酸酯ABS聚合物共混物(PC/ABS),比如ABS丙烯酸。材料可以呈任何形式,并且由任何适当的工艺形成或制造,包括冲压或成型金属、复合材料或其它片材、锻件、挤出件、压制件、铸件、或模制件和类似物,用以包括在本文中描述的可变形特征。一种材料或多种材料可以被选择来提供可弹性变形突部34、36的预定弹性响应特性。预定弹性响应特性可以包括例如预定弹性模量。
多个可弹性变形突部34、36的弹性变形弹性地平均第一部件12与第二部件14的任何位置误差。换言之,减少或消除了间隙和/或错位,其要不然将由于与第一部件12和第二部件14的一些部分或部段特别是定位和保持特征相关联的位置误差而存在。具体地,每个可弹性变形突部的位置偏差被其余突部抵消,以在总体上平均每个部件的位置偏差。
弹性平均提供配合部件之间的界面的弹性变形,其中平均变形提供精确对齐,制造位置偏差被最小化为Xmin,其由Xmin=X/√N限定出,其中X是配合部件的定位特征的制造位置偏差,而N是所插入特征的数量乘以每个特征的干涉点的数量。在当前应用中,包括两个管的实施例与槽缝的三个位置接触,由此得到N=6。为了获得弹性平均,可弹性变形部件被构造成具有至少一个特征及其接触表面,其被过度约束,并提供与另一部件的配合特征及其接触表面的干涉配合。过度约束状态和干涉配合使所述至少一个特征或所述配合特征或两特征中的至少一者弹性可逆地(弹性地)变形。部件的这些特征的弹性可逆性质允许部件的可重复插入和撤回,其促进它们的组装和拆卸。部件的位置偏差可能导致不同作用力被施加在接触表面的一些区域之上,这些区域在部件被插入处于干涉状态的期间被过度约束和接合。应该理解的是:可以相对于部件的周缘的长度来使单个插入部件弹性地平均化。弹性平均的原理在共同拥有的共同未决的美国专利申请No. 13/187,675中有详细描述,其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。本文公开的实施例提供将与所述弹性平均原理不兼容的现有部件转换为确实会促进弹性平均的组件的能力以及与之相关联的益处。
如在图10中且参考图1-9示出的,还提供了在配合部件100之间提供标称间隙的方法。配合组件10更具体地说可弹性变形突部34、36的可弹性变形性质已经在前面被描述了,从而不必更详细地描述特定的结构部件。方法100包括将第一部件12定位(102)成与第二部件14紧邻。使第一可弹性变形突部34和第二可弹性变形突部36与第一槽缝16和第二槽缝18的相应内槽缝壁段28或外槽缝壁段30接合(104)。在与内槽缝壁段28或外槽缝壁段30接合时,可弹性变形突部34、36弹性变形(106)。将可弹性变形突部34、36插入(108)到完全接合位置,其中完全接合位置在可弹性变形突部34、36上施加一对反作用力。
虽然已经参考示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域的技术人员应该明白的是:在不背离本发明的范围的情况下,可以做出各种变化,并且等同方案可以被用来替代其构成要素。另外,可以进行多种修改以使特定情形或者材料适于本发明的教导,而不背离本发明的实质范围。因此,希望的是本发明不受限于所公开的特定实施例,而是本发明将包括落入本申请范围内的所有实施例。

Claims (10)

1. 一种用于配合部件的对齐机构,包括:
第一部件,其具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部;
第二部件,其被操作地联接至所述第一部件,所述第二部件包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐;和
其中,所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
2. 如权利要求1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲离开彼此,其中所述接触干涉状态降低所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间在第一方向上的相对旋转和相对平移。
3. 如权利要求1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述第一可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,并且所述第二可弹性变形突部与所述第二槽缝的外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成弯曲朝向彼此,其中所述接触干涉状态降低所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间在第一方向上的相对旋转和相对平移。
4. 如权利要求1所述的对齐机构,其中,所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括具有空心部分的管状构件。
5. 如权利要求4所述的对齐机构,其中,所述管状构件包括位于所述管状构件的终端端部附近的倾斜区域。
6. 如权利要求1所述的对齐机构,所述槽缝进一步包括槽缝宽度,并且其中所述可弹性变形突部中的每个包括大于所述槽缝宽度的突部宽度。
7. 如权利要求6所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述可弹性变形突部与所述第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应第一槽缝侧壁段和第二槽缝侧壁段之间的接触干涉状态,其中所述可弹性变形突部被构造成以所述槽缝在接合位置压缩。
8. 如权利要求1所述的对齐机构,进一步包括:所述第一可弹性变形突部和所述第二可弹性变形突部的完全接合位置,其中所述可弹性变形突部的变形量相对于彼此在总体上被平均。
9. 一种用于汽车变速模式指示器的对齐机构,包括:
装饰部件,其具有第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部;
指示器结构,其被操作地联接至所述装饰部件,所述指示器结构包括第一槽缝和第二槽缝,所述槽缝中的每个由第一槽缝侧壁段、第二槽缝侧壁段、内槽缝壁段和外槽缝壁段限定出,所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝设置为基本上同轴对齐;和
其中,所述可弹性变形突部各自设置成与相应的第一槽缝和第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段处于接触干涉状态,所述可弹性变形突部各自由可弹性变形材料形成,并被构造成在与所述第一槽缝和所述第二槽缝的内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合时弹性地变形。
10. 一种在配合部件之间提供标称间隙的方法,包括:
将第一部件定位成与第二部件紧邻;
使第一可弹性变形突部和第二可弹性变形突部与第一槽缝和第二槽缝的相应内槽缝壁段或外槽缝壁段接合;
在与所述内槽缝壁段或所述外槽缝壁段接合时使所述可弹性变形突部弹性变形,以及
将所述可弹性变形突部插入到完全接合位置,其中所述完全接合位置在所述可弹性变形突部上施加一对反作用力。
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