WO2002059982A1 - Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor elemet and epoxy resin composition suitable for optical semiconductor element and production methods therefor - Google Patents
Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor elemet and epoxy resin composition suitable for optical semiconductor element and production methods therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002059982A1 WO2002059982A1 PCT/JP2002/000484 JP0200484W WO02059982A1 WO 2002059982 A1 WO2002059982 A1 WO 2002059982A1 JP 0200484 W JP0200484 W JP 0200484W WO 02059982 A1 WO02059982 A1 WO 02059982A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light emitting
- fluorescent substance
- emitting diode
- resin
- Prior art date
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 154
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/08—Screen moulding, e.g. forcing the moulding material through a perforated screen on to a moulding surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
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- H01L24/95—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
- H01L24/97—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being connected to a common substrate, e.g. interposer, said common substrate being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical semiconductor device such as a liquid crystal backlight, a full-color display, an in-switch illumination, a light source for illumination, various indicators, a traffic signal light, and the like, mainly a surface-mount type light-emitting diode and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention relates to a transparent epoxy resin composition excellent in light resistance and flexibility suitable for a light emitting diode.
- nitride semiconductor blue light is capable of emitting semiconductor light-emitting device with high luminance (I n x Ga y A l ⁇ y N, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) L ED chips using Was developed.
- Light-emitting devices using nitride semiconductors have higher output and less color shift with temperature compared to other light-emitting devices that emit red to yellow-green light using materials such as GaAs and A1InGaP. Despite its characteristics, there is a tendency that it is difficult to obtain high output in a long wavelength region having a wavelength of green or more so far.
- This light-emitting diode is, for example, a light-emitting resin that covers the LED chip and light from the LED chip that is electrically connected to the lead electrodes, despite the relatively simple structure of a one-chip two-terminal structure. It outputs white light, which is mixed light with light from fluorescent substances such as YAG: Ce contained therein, through a convex lens.
- the mixed color light emitted from the light-emitting diode can be adjusted to an arbitrary color such as bluish white to yellowish white. it can.
- pigments can be added, for example, yellow light or red light It is also conceivable to get
- chip-type light-emitting diodes have been widely used as light for lighting in switches, full-color displays, liquid crystal backlights, and the like.
- the chip-type light-emitting diode uses a package having a recess for accommodating the light-emitting element chip, electrically connects the light-emitting element chip to the recess of the package, and forms a light-transmitting resin so as to cover the light-emitting element chip. It is constituted by sealing.
- a light emitting layer is formed.
- the main emission peak can emit light with an arbitrary light emission peak of about 365 nm to about 65 nm, and visible light of about 550 nm or less (specifically, near-ultraviolet light to blue-green light).
- the light emitting layer of nitride semiconductor it is possible to emit light as high as 5 mW or more. This high power has created new problems.
- countermeasures against deterioration of the mold resin due to light and relaxation of stress generated between the mold resin and the optical semiconductor chip due to heat are particularly important issues.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-19661 discloses a mold resin mainly composed of an alicyclic epoxy resin instead of a general bisphenol-type epoxy resin.
- Epoxy resin compositions mainly composed of alicyclic epoxy resins and cured with acid anhydrides have long-term light irradiation because the main skeleton contains few carbon-carbon double bonds that cause photodegradation. After that, the mold resin is less inferior and relatively flexible, so that the semiconductor chip is less likely to be damaged by thermal stress.
- cationic curing agents such as aromatic sulfonium salts are generally used instead of acid anhydride curing agents. Since the cationic curing agent has low volatility, good curing can be performed even when a mixed solution with an epoxy resin is applied to a thin film.
- the epoxy resin cured by the cationic curing agent is liable to yellow by irradiation with short-wavelength light. Therefore, it has been difficult to use an epoxy resin thread composition cured with a cationic curing agent for an optical semiconductor element that emits or receives short-wavelength light of blue or less.
- the curing reaction with the cationic curing agent almost proceeds only by a ring-opening reaction between epoxy groups, the obtained epoxy resin composition has a three-dimensional network structure in which ether bonds are relatively regularly arranged. And low flexibility.
- the epoxy resin to be cured includes: monodaricidyl ether ⁇ /, polyglycol glycidyl ether, and tertiary carboxylic acid monoglycidyl ether. And a low molecular weight reactive diluent such as.
- a low molecular weight reactive diluent such as.
- the mixing of these reactive diluents hinders the curing of the epoxy resin, so that it is necessary to increase the amount of the cationic curing agent used, which further exacerbates the problem of yellowing of the epoxy resin composition. Disclosure of the invention
- an object of the present invention is to provide a color conversion type light emitting diode having more excellent light emitting characteristics.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a light emitting diode having excellent mass productivity.
- the present invention provides an epoxy resin composition which is less likely to cause yellowing, is excellent in sharpness and flexibility while performing stiffening with a cationic curing agent. It is an object of the present invention to provide a light emitting diode having excellent light resistance and heat resistance by using an object as a mold resin.
- a first light emitting diode has an LED chip in which a light emitting layer is made of a nitride-based compound semiconductor, and absorbs at least a part of light from the LED chip.
- the fluorescent material includes a small particle size fluorescent material and a large particle size fluorescent material, and the large particle size fluorescent material is distributed near the LED chip in the translucent resin to form a color conversion layer, The small particle size fluorescent substance is distributed outside the color conversion layer in the translucent resin.
- color conversion can be efficiently performed by the color conversion layer composed of the large particle diameter fluorescent substance, and the small particle diameter fluorescent light dispersed outside the light emitting diode can be efficiently converted. Color unevenness can be suppressed by the substance.
- the large ⁇ light material particle size of its 1 Omicron mu eta! It is preferable that the diameter is adjusted to be within a range of about 60 im, whereby the large-diameter fluorescent substance can be relatively coarsely distributed in the vicinity of the LED chip in the translucent resin, The wavelength conversion function can be exhibited efficiently. Further, in the first light-emitting diode according to the present invention, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the small particle diameter fluorescent substance is adjusted to a range of 0.2111 to 1.5 m, whereby Since the aggregation of the fluorescent particles having a particle size can be prevented and the function of scattering power and light can be effectively exhibited, color unevenness can be more effectively suppressed.
- the frequency peak particle size value of the large particle size fluorescent substance is set in a range of 20 times to 90 times the frequency peak particle size value of the small particle size fluorescent substance.
- the light extraction efficiency can be increased.
- the second light-emitting diode includes a light-emitting element whose light-emitting layer is made of a semiconductor and a fluorescent substance that absorbs at least a part of light from the light-emitting element and emits light of different wavelengths.
- a light emitting diode comprising a transparent resin, wherein the phosphor has a flat slope having a zero slope between an integrated value of 0.0 l vol% and LO vol% in a volume-based particle size distribution curve. It has a region. As a result, a light-emitting diode with high luminance and high output can be obtained.
- the fluorescent material comprises a small particle size fluorescent material and a large particle size fluorescent material bounded by the flat region, and the frequency peak particles of the large particle size fluorescent material
- the diameter is preferably 20 to 90 times the frequency peak particle size of the small-diameter fluorescent substance, whereby a light-emitting diode having good light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
- the center particle diameter of the fluorescent substance is 15! It is preferably in the range of about 50 ⁇ , whereby the light emitting efficiency is improved and a light emitting diode with high luminance can be obtained. Further, it is possible to suppress the formation of a dense aggregate that tends to affect optical characteristics.
- the frequency value of the center particle diameter when the frequency value of the center particle diameter is in the range of 20% to 50%, the dispersion of the particle diameter can be reduced, and as a result, the color unevenness can be reduced. Is suppressed, and light emission having good contrast is obtained.
- the light-transmitting resin contains a diffusing agent together with the fluorescent substance, because color unevenness can be further suppressed and uniform light emission can be obtained.
- the light emitting surface made of the translucent resin has a curved surface.
- the light of the light emitting element is extracted from the translucent resin to the outside, the light is diffused at the interface between the translucent resin and an external air layer, and the light is diffused by using the large particle size fluorescent substance.
- uneven color unevenness can be suppressed.
- the light extraction efficiency at the light emitting surface is improved, and light can be emitted with higher output.
- the third light emitting diode comprises a pair of gold constituting positive and negative electrodes.
- a metal base formed by joining the metal thin plates so as to be electrically separated by an insulating resin; a side wall joined to one surface of the metal base to form a housing;
- a light emitting diode comprising: an LED chip provided in the storage part; and a translucent resin filled in the storage part so as to seal the LED chip.
- the light-transmitting resin is formed continuously from the storage portion to the upper surface of the surrounding side wall portion, and the upper surface of the light-transmitting resin is flat and substantially parallel to the metal base.
- the outer peripheral side surface of the conductive resin is substantially flush with the outer peripheral side surface of the package.
- the third light emitting diode configured as described above, a light emitting diode excellent in reliability and mass productivity can be provided.
- the translucent resin is formed continuously from the housing portion to the upper surface of the peripheral side wall portion, the light emitting surface is widened to form the entire upper surface of the light emitting diode, so that good directivity characteristics are obtained. Can be realized.
- the light-transmitting resin may contain a filler, and as one kind thereof, a fluorescent substance capable of absorbing a part of light from the light-emitting element and emitting light of a different wavelength may be contained.
- the method for manufacturing a light emitting diode according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing the third light emitting diode
- the epoxy resin composition according to the present invention has an epoxy resin comprising 65% by weight or more of an alicyclic epoxy resin, and an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 0.05 to 0.5 mol based on the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin.
- the ester conversion of the carboxyl group of the acid anhydride or the like in the crosslinked oligomer is preferably 10% or more, and more preferably 70% or more. The ester conversion can be adjusted by the reaction temperature and time.
- an advantage of the epoxy resin composition of the present invention is that after alicyclic epoxy resin is reacted with an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid to obtain a crosslinked oligomer, a mixture of the crosslinked oligomer and the force-curing agent is obtained.
- an alicyclic epoxy resin is reacted with an acid anhydride or the like in an appropriate reaction vessel in advance to form a bridge oligomer, and a mixed solution of the cross-linked oligomer and a cationic curing agent is placed on a substrate of an optical semiconductor device.
- the cross-linked oligomer and The viscosity of the mixed solution of the cationic curing agent can be freely adjusted by the amount of acid anhydride or the like added and the ester conversion, so that the viscosity suitable for handling can be easily set.
- the viscosity does not change with time and the pot life is long.
- the epoxy resin composition according to the present invention is used for a mold resin of an optical semiconductor device, it is conceivable to mix fillers, fluorescent agent particles, diffusing agent particles, colorant particles, and the like with functional particles as appropriate. Since the mixture of the oligomer and the cationic curing agent has a relatively high viscosity, the dispersibility of these functional particles is good. For this reason, a desired function can be expressed with a small particle content, and light emission or light reception loss of the optical semiconductor element due to light scattering / shielding of the functional particles can be reduced.
- the alicyclic epoxy resin used in the epoxy resin composition of the present invention it is preferable to use a hexene epoxide derivative, hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, or the like.
- a hexene epoxide derivative hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, or the like.
- cationic curing agent used in the epoxy resin composition of the present invention it is preferable to use an aromatic sulfonate salt, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic odonium salt, an aromatic selenium salt, or the like. These cationic curing agents have a high curing speed and can achieve sufficient curing with a small amount.
- the epoxy resin composition of the present invention preferably further contains 0.1 to 5.0 equivalents of a polyhydric alcohol or a polycondensate thereof with respect to the acid anhydride or the dicarboxylic acid.
- a polyhydric alcohol there can be used, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and the like. .
- the optical semiconductor device is an optical semiconductor device provided with at least a pair of lead electrodes, an optical semiconductor chip electrically connected to the lead electrode, and a mold resin for sealing the optical semiconductor chip.
- the mold resin is related to the present invention. Characterized by comprising an epoxy resin composition. As a result, it is possible to obtain an optical semiconductor device in which a decrease in light emission or light receiving efficiency due to yellowing of the mold resin is small and in which chip damage and wire breakage due to thermal cycling are less likely to occur.
- the optical semiconductor element according to the present invention is of a surface mount type in which the optical semiconductor chip is bonded to a substrate surface on which lead electrodes are formed
- the optical semiconductor chip contains at least In and Ga.
- the light emitting diode chip has a light emitting layer made of a nitride semiconductor and has a main light emitting peak of 55 O nm or less, the light resistance and the heat resistance are remarkably improved.
- the first method for producing a fluorescent substance according to the present invention is a method for producing a fluorescent substance by mixing a raw material and a flux and firing the mixture.
- the firing step includes a first firing step of firing in a first reducing atmosphere and a second firing step of firing in a second reducing atmosphere, wherein the first reducing atmosphere is It is characterized by being a reducing atmosphere weaker than the reducing atmosphere of 2.
- aluminum fluoride can be used as the flux.
- a second method for producing a fluorescent substance according to the present invention is a method for producing a fluorescent substance by mixing a raw material and a flux and firing the mixture.
- the flux includes barium fluoride, boric acid, and a liquid.
- the fluorescent substance produced by this method can suppress the chromaticity fluctuation of the emission color.
- FIG. 2A is a graph showing a volume-based distribution curve (integrated value with respect to particle size) of the fluorescent substance of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2B is a graph showing a volume-based distribution curve (frequency value with respect to particle size) of the fluorescent substance of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the package assembly after stencil printing and hardening of the translucent resin in the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is a graph showing a volume-based distribution curve (frequency value with respect to particle size) of the fluorescent substance of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 1OA is a schematic sectional view of a lamp-type light-emitting diode according to Example 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is an enlarged view of a dotted circle in FIG. 10A.
- Fig. 11A shows the total light transmittance of the epoxy resin composition before the light resistance test. It is a graph.
- FIG. 12B is a graph showing the total light transmittance of the epoxy resin composition after the heat resistance test.
- the light emitting diode of the first embodiment is a surface mount type (SMD type) in which a light emitting diode chip (LED chip) 5 is sealed with a transparent resin 8 in a package.
- SMD type surface mount type
- LED chip light emitting diode chip
- the package includes a metal base 2 and a side wall 1, and the side wall 1 is formed around one surface of the metal base 2 to form the storage section 1 a.
- the LED chip 5 is die-bonded to the housing part 1a of the package, and after predetermined wiring by wire bonding, is sealed with a translucent resin 8 (for example, a thickness of about 1 mm on the LED chip).
- an epoxy resin peculiar to the present invention is used as the sealing resin 8
- the light emitted from the light emitting diode (LED) chip has a different wavelength in the sealing resin 8.
- Fluorescent substances (phosphor particles) that are converted into light and output are dispersed and have the following features.
- an alicyclic epoxy resin and an acid anhydride or dica Light resistance and heat resistance are improved by using an epoxy resin composition that reacts with rubonic acid to form a crosslinked oligomer and can be cured with a small amount of a cationic curing agent.
- the LED chip 5 is die-bonded to one of the metal thin plates 2 b by the die bonding resin 6.
- the LED chip 5 may be die-bonded on the other metal sheet 2a, or may be die-bonded across the metal sheet 2a and the metal sheet 2b. .
- the light emitting diode of the first embodiment is configured so that a part or all of the light from the LED chip 5 is wavelength-converted by the fluorescent substance, so that the LED chip 5 can emit light capable of exciting the fluorescent substance.
- One that emits light of a wavelength is used.
- such an LED chip 5 can be used that is formed by using various semiconductors such as ZnSe-based and GaN-based, but in the present invention, the fluorescent substance is efficiently used.
- excitation can short-wavelength light is capable of emitting nitride semiconductor (I n x Al Y G ai - x - Y n, 0 ⁇ X, 0 ⁇ YX + Y ⁇ 1) it is preferable to use an LED chip 5 using .
- the LED chip 5 has In x G ai — X N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) as a light emitting layer, and the light emission wavelength is arbitrarily changed from about 365 nm to 650 nm depending on the degree of mixed crystal. be able to.
- Examples of the structure of the LED chip 5 include a homo structure, a hetero structure, and a double hetero structure having a MIS junction, a PIN junction, a Pn junction, and the like.Either of them can be used in the present invention. High brightness It is preferable to adopt a double hetero structure that can obtain the following.
- various emission wavelengths can be selected depending on the composition of the semiconductor constituting the light emitting layer (active individual layer) and the degree of mixed crystal thereof.
- the active layer may have a single quantum well structure or a multiple quantum well structure including a thin film in which a quantum effect occurs.
- an LED chip 5 using a nitride semiconductor materials such as sapphire, spinel, SiC, Si, and ZnO can be used for the substrate, but mass production of a nitride semiconductor with good crystallinity is possible.
- a sapphire substrate A nitride semiconductor can be formed on the sapphire substrate by using the MOCVD method or the like. At this time, it is preferable to form a buffer layer such as GaN, A1N, or GaN on the sapphire substrate and grow a nitride semiconductor layer having a pn junction thereon.
- a buffer layer is formed on a sapphire substrate, and a first contact layer made of n-type gallium nitride is formed on the buffer layer.
- a first cladding layer formed of gallium, an active layer formed of indium nitride / gallium, a second cladding layer formed of p-type aluminum nitride / gallium, and a second cladding layer formed of p-type gallium nitride An LED chip with a double-headed structure in which contact layers are sequentially stacked.
- Nitride semiconductors exhibit n-type conductivity without being doped with impurities, but to form a desired n-type nitride semiconductor, Si, Ge, Se, Te, C It is preferable to appropriately introduce such elements.
- p-type dopants such as Zn, Mg, Be, Ca, Sr, and Ba are doped.
- the LED chip 5 using the nitride semiconductor can be manufactured by pressing a wafer having electrodes formed at predetermined positions into chips. it can.
- the light emission wavelength of the phosphor when emitting white light, is preferably set in consideration of the complementary color relationship with the emission wavelength of the fluorescent substance and the prevention of deterioration of the light transmitting resin.
- the emission wavelength of the D chip 5 is preferably set to 400 nm or more and 530 nm or less, and more preferably 420 nm or more and 490 nm or less.
- an LED chip that emits light having a wavelength in the ultraviolet region shorter than 400 nm can be applied by selecting the type of phosphor.
- a nitride semiconductor LED chip using an insulating substrate such as sapphire spinel in order to form p-type and n-type electrodes on the semiconductor surface side, the p-type semiconductor is etched to expose the n-type semiconductor.
- Each electrode having a desired shape is formed on each of the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer by using a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, or the like.
- the electrode formed on almost the entire surface of the p-type semiconductor layer is a translucent electrode made of a metal thin film.
- the specific gravity of the fluorescent material is several times that of the liquid resin before curing.
- the viscosity of a thermosetting resin is greatly reduced during heat curing. For this reason, when the LED chip is covered with a liquid luster containing a fluorescent substance and thermally cured, most of the fluorescent substance in the resin tends to concentrate around the LED chip and settle down.
- a fluorescent substance having a specific particle size distribution is used so that all the fluorescent substances exert a wavelength conversion function and can be utilized to the maximum, thereby improving the output of the light emitting diode.
- the fluorescent substance used in the light emitting diode of the first embodiment is composed of an aggregate (first distribution) of the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 and an aggregate (the second distribution) of the small-particle fluorescent substance 82. Distribution) and And there is almost no fluorescent substance between the first distribution and the second distribution! /, Area exists.
- the use of the fluorescent substance distributed in this way prevents the formation of aggregates that tend to have a bad influence on the optical properties, and also prevents the color unevenness of the emission color.
- 2A and 2B show the volume-based particle size distribution curves of the fluorescent substance used in the first embodiment.
- Figure 2A shows the cumulative distribution at each particle size
- Figure 2B shows the frequency distribution at each particle size.
- the fluorescent substance used in the present invention has a flat region in which the slope is zero between the integrated values of 0.0 lvol% and lOvol% in the volume-based distribution curve. .
- This flat region is located between the first distribution and the second distribution described above, and is the range (region) of the particle diameter where almost no fluorescent substance is distributed.
- the content of the small particle size fluorescent substance 82 is 0.01 vol% to 10 vol% of the entire fluorescent substance, and the content of the large particle size fluorescent substance 81 is Is 90 vol% or more of the whole fluorescent substance.
- the more preferable content of the small-particle-diameter fluorescent substance is 0.0 lvol% to 5 vol ° / 0 .
- the frequency peak particle value of the large particle size fluorescent substance 81 is set to 20 to 90 times the frequency peak value of the small particle diameter fluorescent substance 82.
- each fluorescent substance has a different function (small particle size fluorescent substance 82 is mainly a scattering function, and large particle size fluorescent substance 81 is mainly a wavelength change). «Noh) can be arranged to make the most of it.
- the small particle size fluorescent substance used in the present invention is adjusted to a very small amount and a small particle diameter far from the particle diameter of the large particle diameter fluorescent substance.
- a light emitting diode in which the substance is well dispersed is obtained.
- the particle size of the small particle size fluorescent substance 82 is preferably in the range of 0.2 m to 1.5 zm. By this, Aggregation of each small particle size fluorescent substance can be suppressed, and the light scattering function can be effectively exerted.
- the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82 having a particle diameter in the above range hardly settles in the uncured translucent luster, it can be disposed separately from the large-particle fluorescent substance 81. It is.
- the fluorescent substance according to the present invention comprising the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 and the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82 includes, in the translucent resin covering the LED chip 5, the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81
- the small-diameter phosphor 82 is present almost uniformly dispersed outside.
- the large-diameter phosphor 81 acts to convert the wavelength of the light from the LED chip 5, and the small-diameter phosphor 82 outside the phosphor functions to reflect the light. Acts to prevent color unevenness of the emission color.
- a medium-sized fluorescent substance having a frequency peak between the small-sized fluorescent substance 82 and the large-sized fluorescent substance 81 may be contained. It is difficult to absorb all the light to be wavelength-converted by the large-diameter fluorescent substance and convert it. Since the large-diameter fluorescent material 81 has a large surface area, there is light reflected by the fluorescent material having a large particle size. Therefore, together with the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81, a medium-diameter fluorescent substance having a smaller particle diameter than the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 and larger than the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82 coexists, and is absorbed by the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81.
- the light that cannot be absorbed is absorbed by the medium-diameter fluorescent substance and color-converted.
- the medium-sized fluorescent material preferably has a central particle size of 0.3 to 0.9 times, more preferably 0.5 to 0.8 times the large-sized fluorescent material 81, Accordingly, light reflected on the surface of the large-diameter fluorescent substance can be efficiently absorbed and color-converted.
- the larger the particle size of the fluorescent substance the higher the light conversion efficiency.
- the large-diameter fluorescent substances 81 are prevented from overlapping each other around the LED chip 5. The light from the LED chip 5 is efficiently absorbed by all the large-diameter fluorescent materials 81 to convert the light.
- the above is the basic concept of setting the distribution of the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 in the present invention.
- the particle size of the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 used in the present invention is 10 ⁇ ! In order to improve external light extraction efficiency, light absorption efficiency, and light conversion efficiency. It is preferable to set the value in the range of 60 ⁇ to 1 ⁇ ! More preferably, it is set in the range of ⁇ 50 / im, and even more preferably, it is set in the range of 15 zm to 30 / m.
- the fluorescent substance having a particle diameter smaller than 10 / m and having the above-mentioned small particle diameter 82 is more likely to form an aggregate and sedimented densely in the liquid resin, so that the light transmission efficiency Reduced Let me do it.
- a fluorescent substance having a particle diameter smaller than 15 ⁇ m and having a particle diameter larger than the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82 is more likely to form aggregates than those having a particle diameter of 15 ⁇ m or more, and is not controlled in the manufacturing process. If it is sufficient, it will be densely settled in the liquid resin, and the light transmission efficiency may be reduced.
- the particle size of the fluorescent substance is indicated by a value obtained by a volume-based particle size distribution curve.
- the volume-based particle size distribution curve can be obtained by measuring the particle size distribution of the fluorescent substance by laser diffraction 'scattering method. Specifically, in an environment with a temperature of 25 ° C and a humidity of 70%, an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate with a concentration of 0.05% is used. The fluorescent substance is dispersed in the sample, and the particle size range is 0.03 / ir! Using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (SALD-2000A). It was measured at ⁇ 700 // m.
- SALD-2000A laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer
- the central particle size of the fluorescent substance is a particle size value when the integrated value is 50 vol% in the volume-based particle size distribution curve, and is 15 ⁇ n! It is preferably in the range of 5050 ⁇ m. Further, it is preferable that a fluorescent substance having this central particle size value is contained frequently, and the frequency value is preferably 20% to 50%. By using such a fluorescent substance having a small variation in particle diameter, color unevenness is suppressed and a light emitting diode having a good contrast can be obtained.
- the large-diameter fluorescent material 81 tends to cause color unevenness of the light emitting diode as compared to a fluorescent material having a smaller particle size, but the large-diameter fluorescent material 81 has a small variation in particle size. As a result, the color unevenness is improved as compared with the one having large variations.
- a yttrium-aluminum acid-based fluorescent substance activated by cerium which can emit light by exciting light emitted from a semiconductor LED chip having a nitride-based semiconductor as a light-emitting layer. It is preferable to use a substance-based one.
- the aluminum oxide based fluorescent substance YA 1 O 3: C e , Y 3 A 1 5 0 12: C e (YAG: C e) and Y 4 A 1 2 0 9: C e, Further, a mixture thereof and the like can be mentioned.
- the yttrium-aluminum oxide-based fluorescent material may contain at least one of Ba, Sr, Mg, Ca, and Zn.
- Si the reaction of crystal growth can be suppressed and the particles of the fluorescent substance can be made uniform.
- At least part or all of aluminum is selected from the group consisting of Ba, Tl, Ga, and In. Also a fluorescent substance replaced by one element.
- yttrium-aluminum oxide-based fluorescent material part or all of yttrium is replaced by at least one element selected from the group consisting of Lu, Sc, La, Gd, and Sm, and aluminum is removed.
- this fluorescent substance Due to its garnet structure, this fluorescent substance is resistant to heat, light and moisture, and can make the excitation spectrum peak around 450 nm, and the emission peak is around 580 nra, which extends to 70 ° nm It has a broad light emission spectrum.
- the photoluminescence phosphor can increase the excitation emission efficiency in the long wavelength region of 46 Onm or more by containing Gd (gadolinium) in the crystal. Due to the increase in the Gd content, the emission peak wavelength shifts to a longer wavelength, and the entire emission wavelength shifts to the longer wavelength side. That is, when a reddish emission color is required, it can be achieved by increasing the substitution amount of Gd. On the other hand, as Gd increases, the emission luminance of photoluminescence by blue light tends to decrease. Further, if desired, Tb, Cu, A, Au, Fe, Cr, Nd, Dy, Co, Ni, Ti, Eu and the like can be contained in addition to Ce.
- the emission wavelength shifts to the shorter wavelength side by partially replacing A1 with Ga. Also, by substituting a part of Y in the composition with Gd, the emission wavelength shifts to the longer wavelength side.
- the substitution with Gd is less than 10% and the content (substitution) of Ce is 0.03 to 1.0. If the substitution with Gd is less than 20%, the green component is large and the red component is small, but by increasing the Ce content, By capturing the red component, a desired color tone can be obtained without lowering the luminance. With such a composition, the temperature characteristics are improved, and the reliability of the light emitting diode can be improved. When a photoluminescent phosphor adjusted to have many red components is used, a light emitting diode capable of emitting an intermediate color such as pink can be manufactured.
- Such a photoluminescent phosphor can be produced as follows. First, an oxide or a compound that easily becomes an oxide at a high temperature is used as a raw material for Y, Gd, Al, and Ce, and these are sufficiently mixed in a stoichiometric ratio to obtain a raw material. Alternatively, aluminum oxide is mixed with a coprecipitated oxide obtained by sintering a solution obtained by dissolving a rare earth element of Y, Gd, and Ce in an stoichiometric ratio in an acid and co-precipitating the solution with oxalic acid. Obtain a mixed raw material.
- the product can be obtained by calcining the product, then ball-milling the product in water, washing, separating, drying, and finally passing through a sieve.
- fluoride such as barium fluoride and ammonium fluoride
- such a photoluminescent phosphor may be a mixture of a yttrium-aluminum-garnet-based phosphor activated with two or more kinds of cells or another phosphor.
- the fluorescent substance having a large amount of substitution is the large-diameter fluorescent substance and the fluorescent substance having a small or zero substitution amount is the medium-sized fluorescent substance, the color rendering properties and the luminance can be simultaneously improved. be able to.
- the translucent resin 8 is prepared by reacting 65% by weight or more of an epoxy resin composed of an alicyclic epoxy resin with 0.0005 to 1.5 mol of an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid with respect to the epoxy equivalent. And a small amount of a cationic curing agent (0.0005 to 0.003 mol, preferably 0.0001 to 0.01 mol of epoxy equivalent) is mixed with the crosslinked oligomer.
- the solution thus formed is formed by applying the solution to the inside of the housing portion 1a housing the nitride semiconductor LED chip 5, and then heating and curing the same. Since the translucent resin 8 formed in this way has a content of the cation curing agent for absorbing blue light of 1/10 to 1/100 of the conventional amount, the yellowing of the resin hardly occurs.
- the light emitted from the nitride semiconductor LED chip 5 capable of emitting blue light and the light whose wavelength has been converted by the fluorescent substance can be output to the outside with high efficiency.
- the translucent resin 8 since the translucent resin 8 has relatively high flexibility, the stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the translucent resin 8 and the LED chip 5 is reduced, and the light is transmitted to the nitride semiconductor LED chip 5. This can prevent defects such as generation of cracks and cutting of the wire 7.
- the epoxy resin composition constituting the translucent resin 8 includes an epoxy resin having an alicyclic epoxy resin as a main component, an acid anhydride or a dicarboxylic acid, and a cationic curing agent as essential components. Accordingly, a co-catalyst comprising a polyhydric alcohol or a polycondensate thereof may be contained. Details of each component are as follows.
- the alicyclic epoxy resin a cyclohexene epoxide derivative, hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, hexydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, or the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- cyclohexene epoxide derivatives represented by 3,4 epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', A' epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate are mainly used, and hexahydrophthalenoleic acid diglycidyl ester and hydrogenated bisphenoyl ester are mainly used. It is preferable to mix a cyclohexane derivative such as Nore A diglycidyl ether and an epoxy resin composed of epichlorohydrin as required. In addition, a liquid or solid epoxy resin composed of bisphenol diglycidyl ether can be mixed as necessary.
- acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid As the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid, an acid anhydride represented by the following general formula (1) or a dicarboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (2) can be used.
- R is 0 carbon atoms: shows a cyclic or aliphatic alkyl or ⁇ re Ichiru of L 2, R 2 represents an alkyl or Ariru 2 0-1 carbon atoms.
- the acid anhydride include, for example, propionic anhydride, succinic anhydride, 1,2-cyclohexanedicanoleponic anhydride, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride, 4-methyl — 1,2 cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, 4,4-biphthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, trialkyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hydrogenated methylnadic acid An anhydride or the like can be used.
- dicarboxylic acid examples include 4,4, -biphenyldicanoleponic acid, 2,2,2-biphenyldicanolevonic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, 1,6-hexanedicarboxylic acid, and 1,2-cyclohexane.
- Xandicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, o-phthalic acid, m-phthalic acid, p-phthalic acid and the like can be used.
- the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid is added to the epoxy equivalent at 0.0. It is preferable to mix them in a ratio of 0.5 to 0.5 mol, preferably in a ratio of 0.1 to 0.2 mol.
- the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid is added in an amount of 0.005 to 1.5 mol per epoxy equivalent. It is preferable to mix them in a proportion, preferably in a proportion of 0.1 to 0.8 mol.
- an aromatic sulfonium salt As the cationic curing agent, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic diazonium, an aromatic metal salt, an aromatic seleum, or the like can be used.
- the aromatic sulfonium salt is decomposed by heat and / or ultraviolet light of 360 nm or less to generate cations.
- trifenylsulfonium antimony hexafluoride trifenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate and the like.
- triphenyl sulfonium hexafluoride antimony salt has a high curing rate and cures sufficiently even in a small amount.
- the cationic curing agent is used in an amount of 0.005 to 0.003 mol, preferably 0.001 to 0.01 mol, and more preferably 0.000 mol, based on the epoxy equivalent. It is preferable to use 2 to 0.05 mol.
- polyhydric alcohol used as a cocatalyst examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycolone, trimethylene glycolone, triethyleneglyconele, propylene glycolonele, 1,4-butanedioleone, and 1,6-hexanediol. Can be.
- a polycondensate obtained by condensation polymerization of one or more of these polyhydric alcohols can also be used.
- the polyhydric alcohol or a polycondensate thereof is used in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 5.0 equivalents to the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid.
- the epoxy resin composition used for the translucent resin 8 may contain components other than the above-described components.
- the translucent resin 8 may contain a filler 10.
- various functional particles such as a diffusing agent and a coloring agent can be contained.
- the translucent resin 8 (i) a method in which an acid anhydride or the like and a cationic curing agent are simultaneously mixed with the epoxy resin is applied and cured, and (ii) an acid anhydride or the like is reacted with the epoxy resin. After forming a crosslinked oligomer by coating, a solution in which a cationic curing agent is mixed with the crosslinked oligomer is applied and cured.
- a solution in which a cationic curing agent is mixed with the crosslinked oligomer is applied and cured.
- the translucent resin 8 is formed to have a thickness of 500 ⁇ m or less
- the method (ii) is preferable.
- the light-transmitting resin 8 is applied in a thin film form and cured to form an acid anhydride and the like when cured.
- the viscosity of the solution to be applied can be easily adjusted and the pot life can be increased, so that the workability is improved.
- an epoxy resin comprising 65% by weight or more of an alicyclic epoxy resin is added in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 mol, preferably 0.5 mol, based on the epoxy equivalent.
- a crosslinked oligomer is prepared by reacting 0.1 to 0.20 mol of an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid.
- a polyhydric alcohol or a polycondensate thereof is used as a co-catalyst, the polyhydric alcohol or a polycondensate is mixed with the epoxy resin simultaneously with the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid.
- the reaction between the epoxy resin and the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid is preferably carried out at room temperature where side reactions such as acidification do not easily occur.
- the reaction time for acid anhydride is about 1 to 360 hours, and the reaction time for dicarboxylic acid is about 1 to 180 hours. Heating to 50 to 150 ° C. (preferably 60 to 120 ° C.) may be used to accelerate the ring opening reaction of the acid anhydride to shorten the reaction time.
- the mixed solution is filled into the storage section 1a in which the nitride semiconductor LED chip 5 is stored, the mixed solution is cured by heating to form the translucent resin 8. It is preferable to heat the mixed solution at 80 ° C; at L 0 ° C for 2 to 4 hours to perform primary curing, and then heat it at 140 ° C to 150 ° C for 2 to 4 hours to harden it 27 times.
- the flexibility of the epoxy resin composition finally obtained as described above is proportional to the molecular weight of the crosslinked oligomer obtained in the middle. That is, the higher the proportion of the carboxyl group of the acid anhydride or the dicarboxylic acid which reacts with the epoxy resin or the cocatalyst to convert to the ester, the better the flexibility of the obtained epoxy resin composition.
- the viscosity of the mixture of the cross-linked oligomer and the cationic curing agent depends on the molecular weight of the cross-linked oligomer, the viscosity can be freely adjusted by adjusting the amount of an acid anhydride or the like and the ester conversion. .
- This manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing the surface-mounted light emitting diode of the first embodiment with stable quality and with good mass productivity.
- a package assembly in which a plurality of packages are assembled is used to collectively process a plurality of packages.
- This package assembly is manufactured by bonding an insulating substrate 101 having a plurality of through-holes 101 a corresponding to a storage portion 1 a of each package to a metal base plate 102. .
- the insulating substrate 101 is made of, for example, a resin laminate having a thickness of 0.06 mm to 2.0 mm, and has a plurality of through holes 1 ⁇ 1a penetrating in the thickness direction. ing.
- the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 101a may be elliptical, circular or square. That is, the present invention is not limited by the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 101a, and can be arbitrarily selected from various shapes.
- the through-hole 101a penetrates so that the opening diameter increases from one surface of the insulating substrate (the surface joined to the thin metal plate) toward the other surface.
- the side surfaces of the holes are inclined.
- the metal base plate 102 when the metal base plate 102 is cut into individual packages, the metal thin plate 2 a and the metal thin plate 2 b are electrically separated by the insulating resin 4 in each package. Separation grooves are formed corresponding to the through holes, and the insulation resin 4 is filled in the separation grooves.
- each package section a portion of the metal sheet 2 a in the through-hole 1 0 in 1 a, insulating Kitsuki effect 4, and a portion of the thin metal plate 2 b is exposed.
- a plurality of packages are arranged in a gnorape form for one opening 113 of a mask 112 described later. Mounting of LED chip>
- the LED chip 5 is die-bonded to a predetermined position of each through-hole (storage portion) of the package assembly configured as described above using a die-bonding resin. Perform the prescribed wiring by wire bonding (Fig. 5).
- the metal thin plate 2a and the metal thin plate 2b are exposed, and the LED chip 5 is bonded on the metal thin plate 2b which is a negative electrode, and the p-side electrodes 5a and n side of the LED chip 5
- the electrodes 5b are connected to the sheet metal 2a and the sheet metal 2b by wires 7, respectively.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of a mask 112 used for stencil printing in the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment.
- a plurality of openings 113 are formed in the mask 111, and the position and size of each opening 113 are formed in one opening 113.
- Fig. 3B is set so that multiple packages in one group correspond.
- the mask used in the present invention is designed so that a resin layer is formed not only on the inside of each through-hole but also on the surrounding insulating substrate 101, instead of providing the light-transmitting resin. .
- stencil printing is performed using such a mask 112, so that the surface is hardened even after being cured in the through hole 101a of the insulating substrate and on the insulating substrate 101.
- the light-transmitting resin can be formed to have a smooth surface.
- a plurality of grouped packages are arranged except for a portion where it is difficult to form the transparent resin around the opening 113.
- a light-transmitting resin in a portion where a plurality of packages are arranged so as to have a constant thickness and a flat surface, variations in the thickness of the light-transmitting resin layer between packages can be suppressed and The surface of the translucent resin of the package is flattened.
- the light emitting resin is cut and separated at the dotted line shown in FIG. 5 to obtain individual light emitting diodes.
- a light emitting diode having a uniform film thickness can be formed with a high yield so that size and color variations do not occur between the light emitting diodes.
- the thickness of the light-transmitting resin formed on the insulating substrate can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the thickness of the mask.
- the package assembly 100 can be brought into contact with the mask 112 in a state where the warpage of the package assembly has been corrected.
- the warpage of the package assembly 100 it is possible to form a light-transmitting resin having a uniform thickness on one surface of the package assembly 100. That is, if the sealing member is formed while warping the package substrate, the thickness of each formed light emitting diode varies, and the yield is deteriorated.
- the transparent resin containing the fluorescent substance is masked under atmospheric pressure.
- degassing is performed by reducing the pressure.
- the decompression is preferably set in the range of 100 Pa to 400 Pa, and if it is within this range, bubbles contained inside the tree can be effectively extracted.
- a translucent resin having a relatively high viscosity can be used.
- a fluorescent substance when a fluorescent substance is used by being contained in a light-transmitting resin, particularly, a fluorescent substance having a large particle diameter has a high sedimentation speed in a liquid resin, so that dispersion uniformity is maintained.
- a resin having a certain degree of viscosity it is preferable to use a resin having a certain degree of viscosity.
- the higher the viscosity of the resin the more difficult it is to remove bubbles, and the lower the production yield may be. Therefore, in the present invention, as a pre-process for performing stencil printing, a method is used in which depressurization is performed once to remove bubbles, and then stencil printing is performed while repeating calo-pressure and depressurization. It is possible to use translucent resin with viscosity.
- the use of high-viscosity resin is aimed at improving the color variation that tends to occur when a fluorescent substance with a large particle size is used. Becomes possible. Further, even when a resin having a high viscosity is used, a light emitting diode can be manufactured with a high yield.
- the air bubbles are mixed and sealed in the translucent resin, the air bubbles reflect and refract the light from the LED chip and the emission of the fluorescent substance, so that color unevenness and brightness unevenness are remarkably observed. Therefore, when forming a light-transmitting resin containing a fluorescent substance, it is extremely effective to repeat pressure reduction and pressure application as in this embodiment, and there is a wise effect of suppressing color unevenness and luminance unevenness. . In addition, if air bubbles are included in the light-transmitting resin, this may cause peeling of the light-transmitting resin, peeling of the bonding portion of the wire, disconnection of the wire, and the like, resulting in reduced reliability. . Therefore, preventing bubbles by this method is extremely effective in improving reliability.
- the first squeegee scan is performed under reduced pressure (Fig. 4C).
- the outgoing squeegee spatula 114 used at this time is inclined in the operating direction with respect to the vertical line of the mask 112 as shown in Fig. 4C, and the spatula 114 is masked by air pressure.
- the resin 8 is pressed against and operated to pour resin 8 into the opening 1 1 3 of the mask 1 1 2.
- the forward squeegee scanning is performed under reduced pressure, so the suction action of the lifting stage 1 17 does not make sense, but since the lifting stage 1 17 is physically pressed against the mask 111, the package assembly loo and the mask No deviation from 1 1 2 occurs.
- the pressure is increased to atmospheric pressure, and after the calo pressure is completed, the first reciprocating squeegee scan is performed in the opposite direction to the forward squeegee scan (Fig. 4D).
- the return squeegee spatula 1 15 is inclined with respect to the vertical line of the mask 1 12 in the operation direction more than the forward squeegee spatula 1 1 4 and is operated by a higher air pressure than in the forward squeegee scanning. In this manner, the contact area between the return squeegee spatula 1 15 and the mask 1 12 is increased by strong pressure, and the translucent resin is filled again, so that the resin filled in the opening 1 13 is filled.
- Bubbles appearing on the surface of the sealing member can be efficiently removed, and the surface of the sealing member can be finished to a smooth surface.
- depressurization and pressurization are repeated to remove Perform a reciprocating squeegee several times while filling the openings 1 13 with a uniform thickness of resin.
- the light-transmitting resin is hardened, and after being cured, the mask is removed, so that the LED chip is disposed.
- the upper surface of the translucent resin integrally molded in the hole and on the upper surface of the insulating substrate can be made substantially parallel and smooth with the bottom surface of the package.
- the sealing resin forming method by stencil printing, it is possible to use a translucent resin having a relatively high viscosity even before curing. Therefore, unlike the case of using a resin having a low viscosity, the fluorescent substance does not settle or float freely in the resin. Therefore, the mixed state of the fluorescent substances can be maintained relatively well.
- the time during which the light-transmitting resin melts and exists as a liquid is several minutes to several tens of seconds, which is much shorter than the time required for the resin to be poured into the through-holes by the potting method and formed by thermosetting. Can be shortened. Further, since the time until solidification can be extremely short, it is possible to avoid a state in which the fluorescent substances overlap and settle on the LED chip.
- a light-transmitting resin having a high viscosity can be used. Separation of the resin and the fluorescent substance between the layers can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to suppress the variation in the content of the fluorescent substance between the light emitting diodes, and it is possible to manufacture the light emitting diodes with little color variation within the same manufacturing lot and between the manufacturing lots. Also, the production yield can be improved.
- the large-diameter fluorescent substance is settled in the vicinity of the surface of the LED chip densely between the time of filling each through-hole and the time of curing, thereby reducing the light conversion ability of each large-diameter fluorescent substance. It is possible to make it work effectively. Further, the small-diameter fluorescent substance can be uniformly arranged in the translucent resin outside the large-diameter fluorescent substance particles, thereby preventing color unevenness of the light emitting diode.
- the specific gravity of the fluorescent substance is greater than that of the translucent resin, and the sedimentation tends to be dense.
- the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 is settled in the vicinity of the surface of the LED chip 5 or the like, and to stably manufacture a light emitting diode having a uniform color temperature.
- the translucent resin is formed (cured) as described above, it is diced and divided into individual light emitting diodes as follows.
- the bonding surface of the package assembly 100 with the die cylindrical sheet is made of substantially the same material and is a smooth flat surface, so that the bonding strength can be increased. As a result, it is possible to prevent chips from jumping or dicing deviation during dicing, and to cut into individual light emitting diodes with good yield.
- the filled resin thermally contracts and collapses at the through-hole portion.
- the surface in contact with the dicing sheet is only the upper surface of the insulating substrate except on the through-holes, and the adhesion is reduced.
- the upper surface of the resin will be higher than the upper surface of the insulating substrate, which is the part to be diced.
- the bonding surface with the die cylindrical sheet is only the resin upper surface, and in this case also, the bonding strength between the package assembly and the die cylindrical sheet becomes extremely weak and dicing deviation occurs. If dicing is performed while the fixing between the package assembly and the die cylindrical sheet is unstable, chip flying and dicing misalignment will occur. In addition, there is also an inconvenience that burrs are formed at the cut end of the obtained light emitting diode. The burrs may be cracked in the mounting process in a later process, and if the burrs are deeply cracked, moisture is mixed into the sealing member from the outside, and the reliability of the light emitting diode is reduced or the metal parts inside are reduced. It causes defects such as oxidation and discoloration.
- Step 2> The package assemblies fixed to the dicing sheet with good adhesion in step 1 are individually cut from the bottom side of the package assembly by a dicing blade (cut along the broken lines in FIG. 5).
- Daisyndrate is made up of small diamond particles around a pound.
- the diamond blade having such a configuration when dicing the knockage assembly, metal fragments which are a part of the chips of the light emitting diode are easily clogged between the particles. Therefore, in the first step, if a hard filler is contained in the translucent resin as the sealing member, the clogged metal is blown out by the filler, and a good dicing process can be performed. It is preferable because it is possible.
- the above-described effects are enhanced.
- the large-diameter fluorescent substance having a large particle diameter is used as a filler, and the large-diameter fluorescent substance has a high hardness, the above-described effect is enhanced.
- the translucent resin is formed integrally with the upper surface of the insulating substrate and the inside of the through hole of the insulating substrate, and the upper surface of the translucent resin is substantially the same as the package bottom surface.
- the outer peripheral side surface of the transparent resin is parallel to and substantially flush with the outer peripheral side surface of the package.
- the light-emitting diode according to the embodiment of the present invention has a small particle size fluorescent substance and a large particle size fluorescent substance whose respective particle size distribution regions are far apart. Luminous intensity and luminous output can be improved by using the classified fluorescent substances and arranging them so that their actions can be utilized to the fullest.
- the small particle size phosphor scatters light satisfactorily when it is cured in a state of being dispersed in the translucent resin within the range of 0.0 l vol% of the whole phosphor: LO vol%. And uniform light emission can be obtained.
- the large particle size fluorescent substance is adjusted to a particle size range that can be placed around the LED chip in a state where high luminous efficiency can be fully exhibited,
- the wavelength conversion function which is the original function, can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the large-diameter fluorescent substance used in the present embodiment has a wide excitation wavelength, it is possible to cope with the wavelength shift of the LED chip due to an electric current, a decrease in chromaticity due to a smaller package, and the like.
- a light emitting diode having excellent properties and mass productivity can be formed. Further, with the method for manufacturing a light emitting diode of the present embodiment, a light emitting diode with stable light emitting characteristics can be manufactured with high mass productivity.
- the variation in light emission between the light emitting diode manufactured first and the light emitting diode manufactured later can be extremely reduced. Furthermore, since the light emission unevenness in the light emitting diode can be reduced, the yield can be improved.
- the translucent resin according to the present invention described in the first embodiment has a low yellowing and flexibility because a crosslinked oligomer of an epoxy resin and an acid anhydride or a dicarboxylic acid is cured with a cationic curing agent.
- An excellent epoxy resin composition can be provided.
- the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition obtained by the present invention can be freely adjusted by adjusting the amount of acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid added to the epoxy resin or the ester conversion thereof, and the pot life is long. Therefore, workability is also excellent.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an SMD type light emitting diode according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Emission Daiodo of the second embodiment, G a d A 1 ⁇ _ d N (0 ⁇ d ⁇ 1) consisting essentially via the buffer first layer nitride semiconductor Safuaiya substrate (A l x Ga y I ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 0 ⁇ y ⁇ l ⁇ 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ + y + ⁇ 1) ⁇ ⁇ Junction-formed LED chip 5 is connected to a pair of lead electrodes 12 a, 12 b It is arranged on a glass epoxy substrate 12 having the same.
- the LED chip 5 has at least a light emitting layer made of a nitride semiconductor layer. Positive and negative electrodes provided on one surface side of the LED chip 5 are electrically connected to a pair of lead electrodes 12a and 12b by conductive wires 7, respectively.
- the same fluorescent substance as that of the first embodiment is dispersed in the translucent resin 18. That is, the fluorescent material dispersed in the translucent resin 18 is composed of the large-diameter fluorescent material 81 and the small-diameter fluorescent material 82, and has a maximum wavelength conversion effect on all the large-diameter fluorescent materials 81 in the light emitting diode. In addition to improving the output of the light emitting diode, color unevenness is prevented by the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82.
- the epoxy resin described in Embodiment 1 it is preferable to use the epoxy resin described in Embodiment 1 as the translucent resin 18.
- the light emitting diode according to the third embodiment of the present invention is configured using, for example, an LED chip capable of emitting ultraviolet light having a short wavelength region near 400 nm as a main light peak in the structure of FIG. 1 or FIG. It is a light emitting diode.
- An LED chip capable of emitting ultraviolet light can be easily formed by growing a nitride semiconductor-based semiconductor layer on a sapphire substrate.
- the translucent resin a resin, glass or the like which is relatively resistant to ultraviolet light is used as the translucent resin, and the fluorescent substance having the particle size distribution described in the first embodiment is used as the fluorescent substance.
- Y 2 0 2 S Eu phosphor is excited by light of short wavelength in the ultraviolet range of the blue light emitting
- S r 5 (P0 4) 3 C 1: Eu is excited by light of short wavelength in the ultraviolet range emits green light, can be used (S r Eu) O ⁇ a 1 2 0 3 .
- a white light emitting diode that outputs white light can be manufactured.
- a white light emitting diode capable of emitting light with high luminance can be obtained.
- the fluorescent substance is composed of the large-diameter fluorescent substance 81 and the small-diameter fluorescent substance 82 similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to efficiently convert ultraviolet light.
- a color conversion layer is formed, and a high-brightness light emitting diode is obtained.
- color scattering is effectively suppressed by the scattering action of the small-diameter phosphor, which is preferable.
- the center diameters and shapes of the fluorescent substances are similar. As a result, light emitted from various fluorescent materials is mixed well, and color unevenness can be suppressed.
- each fluorescent substance may be formed as a separate color conversion layer.
- a red fluorescent layer, a green fluorescent layer, and a blue fluorescent layer are provided on the LED chip in consideration of the ultraviolet light transmittance of each fluorescent substance. It is preferable that the layers are sequentially stacked because all layers can efficiently absorb ultraviolet light.
- the central particle size of each fluorescent substance is set as blue fluorescent substance> green fluorescent substance> red fluorescent substance so that the particle diameter of the fluorescent substance in each layer decreases from the lower layer to the upper layer in the color conversion multi-layer, It is preferable because ultraviolet light can be satisfactorily transmitted and ultraviolet light can be completely absorbed in the color conversion multilayer.
- each color conversion layer can be arranged on the LED chip so as to have a stripe shape, a lattice shape, or a triangle shape. At this time, an interval may be provided between different layers containing different phosphors, and in this case, the color mixing property is improved. On the other hand, it is preferable to dispose the color conversion layer so as to cover the entire periphery of the LED chip because ultraviolet light can be suppressed from being absorbed outside such as a sealing resin.
- Embodiment 4 according to the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluorescent substance suitable for a light emitting diode, which can prevent a chromaticity shift of a luminescent color and prevent a decrease in a reddish component. This is a method for synthesizing a fluorescent substance that can be used.
- a liquid is added to the mixture and baking is performed to suppress chromaticity fluctuation of the fluorescent substance. is there.
- This effect is considered to be due to the fact that the addition of the liquid during firing makes the mixed raw materials denser and the reactivity improved, and a fluorescent material having a uniform material and a uniform particle shape can be obtained. Further, by pressing during firing, the effect can be further enhanced.
- the amount of the liquid is preferably 5 wt% to 200 wt%, more preferably 1 Owt% to 70 wt%, and still more preferably 5 wt% to 70 wt% with respect to the mixed raw material. is there. Further, when Fe is contained as a raw material of the fluorescent substance in addition to Ce acting as an activator, the above-mentioned effect is enhanced.
- the first firing step in which the mixture of the mixed raw material obtained by mixing the raw materials of the fluorescent substance and the flux is performed in the air or a weak reducing atmosphere; It is preferable to perform calcination in two stages, which includes the second calcination step performed in step (a).
- the weak reducing atmosphere refers to a weak reducing atmosphere that is set so as to include at least an oxygen amount required in a reaction process for forming a desired fluorescent substance from the mixed raw material.
- the reducing atmosphere in the second firing step Medium refers to a reducing atmosphere that is stronger than a weak reducing atmosphere.
- a specific epoxy resin is used as a preferable example.
- a light emitting diode is formed by mixing another resin or glass with the fluorescent substance described in the first embodiment. You can also.
- specific materials suitable as the light-transmitting resin include other types of epoxy resins (such as nitrogen-containing epoxy resins), acrylic resins, silicones, and other weather-resistant transparent luster and glass. Is mentioned.
- a high-output light-emitting diode can be formed even when a fluorescent substance composed of a large-diameter fluorescent substance and a small-diameter fluorescent substance is contained in these resins and the like. Further, a pigment may be contained in the translucent resin together with the fluorescent substance.
- an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the light-transmitting resin in order to enhance the weather resistance of the light-transmitting resin
- an antioxidant an organic zinc carboxylate, an acid anhydride, zinc may be added to the light-transmitting resin.
- a chelate compound may be added.
- Organic diffusing agents such as CTU guanamine resin and benzoguanamine resin can also be used.
- a diffusing agent is one having a center particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 5 ⁇ m.
- a diffusing agent having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 5 ⁇ m is preferable because light from the LED chip and the fluorescent substance is diffused well, and the use of a fluorescent substance having a large particle diameter can suppress the occurrence of color blur that is likely to occur.
- the use of a diffusing agent can narrow the half width of the emission spectrum, and can provide an emission diode S with high color purity.
- a diffusing agent of 1 nm or more and less than 1 / z m has a low interference effect on light from the LED chip, but can increase the resin viscosity without lowering the luminous intensity.
- the fluorescent substance in the resin can be dispersed almost uniformly in the syringe and the state can be maintained, making it relatively difficult to handle Even when a fluorescent substance having a large particle size is used, it is possible to produce with a high yield.
- the action of the diffusing agent according to the present invention differs depending on the particle size range, and can be selected or used in combination according to the method of use. Modification 3.
- a filler may be contained in the translucent resin in addition to the fluorescent substance.
- the specific material is the same as the diffusing agent, but the central particle size is different from that of the diffusing agent.
- the filler refers to a material having a central particle size of 5 / zm or more and 100 / ⁇ m or less.
- the fluidity of the resin can be adjusted to be constant for a long time, and a predetermined amount of the translucent resin can be applied to a desired place, so that mass production can be performed with a high yield.
- the filler preferably has a similar particle size and Z or shape as the fluorescent substance.
- similar particle size refers to a case where the difference between the respective center particle sizes of the respective particles is less than 20%
- both the fluorescent substance and the filler have a center particle diameter of 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the particle diameter is adjusted in this manner.
- a light extraction path is secured, and the directional characteristics can be improved while suppressing a decrease in luminous intensity due to the filler mixture.
- dicing is performed in a dicing process after the light-transmitting resin is cured. The dresser effect that the clogging of the blade is recovered can be brought about, and the mass productivity is improved.
- a filler having a large particle size is contained as a filler, and the center particle size is 15 ⁇ ⁇ 50 / im, preferably 2 ⁇ . / ⁇ !
- the filler of up to 50 im is contained in the translucent resin, the clogging of the die sinter blade can be effectively recovered, and an excellent dressing effect can be obtained.
- the surface of the light-transmitting resin which is the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting diode may be a curved surface.
- the light cannot be reflected upward by the side wall of the package, so that the surface of the light-transmitting resin is curved. It is preferable to achieve desired directional characteristics.
- the light-emitting surface which is a curved surface, is made of a translucent resin in which the necessary substances are dispersed by using a mask 39 (Figure 7A) with openings formed for each light-emitting diode. It can be realized by forming by a stencil printing method. Figures 7A and 7B schematically show the situation.
- the surface of the translucent resin thus formed is usually After the resin is heat-cured, it becomes a curved surface, but it can be formed into a predetermined shape according to the material and structure of the mask 39 and the filling amount of the resin. Further, by this method, a light emitting diode can be manufactured with good mass productivity.
- the light emitting diode of the present invention containing a large particle diameter fluorescent substance and a small particle diameter fluorescent substance having a difference in particle diameter is mass-produced over a long period of time, the light emitting diode manufactured at the beginning of the process is not used.
- the variation in light emission between the light emitting diode and the light emitting diode manufactured later can be extremely reduced, and the yield can be improved.
- the cost can be reduced, and a light emitting surface having a desired curved surface is formed due to a difference in thermal expansion between the silicone and the translucent luster. be able to. Modification 5.
- the LED chip and the package are connected by a wire, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the LED chip is flipped using a conductive member in the package housing 1a. Chip bonding may be performed to extract light output from the substrate side of the LED chip.
- the package has an insulation separation part 4 located in the storage part la (through hole) and the metal thin plates 2a and 2b exposed on both sides thereof.
- the LED chip may be placed across the four, and the positive and negative electrodes of the LED chip may be directly connected to the metal sheets 2a and 2b, respectively.
- the SMD type light emitting diode is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the fluorescent substance and Z or epoxy resin described in Embodiment 1 can be used for various types of light emitting diodes such as a display display, an 8-segment type and a shell type.
- a high-output light-emitting diode can be obtained by using the fluorescent substance described in Embodiment 1, and high reliability can be obtained by using the epoxy resin described in Embodiment 1.
- the translucent resin described in Embodiment 1 can be applied not only to a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode, but also to a light receiving element such as a photo diode.
- a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode
- a light receiving element such as a photo diode.
- an SMD type light emitting diode shown in the sectional view of FIG. 8 is manufactured.
- the LED chip 5 an LED chip having a light emission layer made of InGaN and having a main emission peak of 470 nm is used.
- the package consists of a resin molded body 24 in which a base portion and a side wall portion are integrally molded, and the electrode leads 22a and 22b are insert molded in the base portion of the resin 24. Has been done.
- the LED chip is formed using the MOCVD method.
- a washed sapphire substrate is set in a reaction chamber, and TMG (trimethyl) gas, TMI (trimethylindium) gas, TMA (trimethylaluminum) gas, and ammonia gas are used as reaction gases.
- TMG trimethyl
- TMI trimethylindium
- TMA trimethylaluminum
- ammonia gas a gas that is used as reaction gases.
- a film is formed using hydrogen gas as a carrier gas, and silane gas and pentadiamagnesium as a impurity gas as an impurity gas.
- a 1 G a N layer, one layer of low-temperature buffer,
- a non-doped GaN layer (about 15,000 A thick) to improve crystallinity, a Si-doped GaN layer (about 2165 OA thick), which is an n-type contact layer on which electrodes are formed,
- a non-doped GaN layer (thickness of about 300 OA) to improve crystallinity, a non-doped GaN (thickness of about 50 A) and a Si-doped GaN (thickness of about 30 OA) Superlattice multilayer film (n-type cladding layer),
- a multilayer film composed of a superlattice of non-doped GaN (about 4 OA thick) and non-doped InGaN (about 20 A thick) to improve the crystallinity of the light emitting layer;
- a multi-quantum well light-emitting layer consisting of undoped G a N (about 250 A thick) and InG a N (about 30 A thick)
- a multilayer film composed of a Mg-doped InG a N (thickness of about 25 A) and a Mg-doped G a A IN (thickness of about 4 OA) superlattice;
- the semiconductor wafer on which the plurality of nitride semiconductor layers have been formed in this manner is partially etched to expose a part of the n-type contact layer. And exposed! After forming n-type and J) -type electrodes on the) -type and n-type contact layers, respectively, by sputtering, the LED chips are divided into individual LED chips to produce blue-emitting LED chips. .
- the LED chip manufactured as described above is die-bonded with a die bond resin 6 to a concave portion of a molded body package in which the lead electrodes 22 a and 22 b are integrally molded with the resin 24, and each electrode of the LED chip is connected to each electrode of the LED chip.
- the lead electrodes 22 a and 22 b are electrically connected by wire bonding using a gold wire 7 of 35 im.
- Y is substituted by about 20% in G d, the center particle size of 2 1. 429 11 (Y 0. 8 G d 0. 2) 2. 9 6 5 A 15 0 12 : C e 0 .
- the fluorescent material is composed of a large particle size fluorescent material and a small particle size fluorescent material, and has a volume-based particle size distribution shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- the flat region where the slope is zero is an integrated value of 4.6 vol% and a particle size range of 1.37.1 ⁇ II! ⁇ 8.37 9 im.
- 4.6 vol% of the total fluorescent material consists of small-diameter fluorescent materials having a particle size smaller than 1.371 m, and the remaining 95.6 vol% is particles larger than 8.379 ⁇ m. It is composed of a large-diameter fluorescent substance having a diameter.
- the central diameter of the fluorescent substance classified by the sedimentation method to have such a distribution is 21.4 m, and the frequency value at the central particle diameter is 29.12%.
- the frequency peak particle size of the small particle size fluorescent substance is 0.613 / m, and the frequency peak particle size value of the large particle size fluorescent substance is 22.908 ⁇ m.
- the standard deviation in the particle size distribution of the large particle size fluorescent substance was 0.295.
- volume-based distribution curve as shown in FIG. 9 A, Fig. 9 B a broad phosphor particle size distribution range, the center particle size 6.
- Q 3 5 phosphor in the same manner as in Example 1, to produce a light-emitting Daiodo comprising the same chromaticity point.
- the luminous intensity and output of the light emitting diode of this comparative example are measured, the luminous intensity is reduced by about 35% and the output is reduced by about 25% as compared with the light emitting diode of Example 1. This indicates that the light emitting diode of the present invention can emit light with low color purity such as white color and high luminance even on the long wavelength side.
- the standard deviation in the particle size distribution of the fluorescent substance used in this comparative example is 0.365.
- the frequency value at the center particle size is 24.81 2%
- the frequency peak particle size value of the small particle size fluorescent substance is 0.613 / m
- the frequency peak particle size value of the large particle size fluorescent substance is 28.
- a light emitting diode having a similar chromaticity point is produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a fluorescent substance classified so as to be 0 12 / zm is used.
- the luminous intensity and output of the light emitting diode of Example 2 were measured, the luminous intensity was about 1 compared to the light emitting diode of Example 1.
- a light emitting diode with a brightness higher than 1 can be provided.
- Example 2 the standard deviation in the particle size distribution of the large particle size fluorescent substance was ⁇ .25. 9
- Example 1 After mixing the epoxy resin and SiO 2 having a center particle size of 2.5 ⁇ m as a diffusing agent so that the weight ratio becomes 100: 50, the mixture was mixed with the epoxy resin containing the diffusing agent according to Example 1.
- a light emitting diode having a chromaticity point similar to that of Example 1 is manufactured by mixing the same fluorescent substance as that of Example 1 and the other conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the light emitting diode of the third embodiment can obtain the same brightness and output as in the first embodiment, and can suppress color unevenness and obtain a good color tone as compared with the first embodiment.
- Example 6 As shown in FIG. 6, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that a translucent resin containing a fluorescent substance was placed on the LED chip electrically connected to the substrate by using a mold. A light emitting diode having a chromaticity point of is manufactured. A light-emitting diode having a smooth light-emitting surface is obtained, and the same characteristics as in Example 1 are obtained.
- a translucent resin containing a fluorescent substance is formed on a substrate 32 to which the LED chip 5 is electrically connected by a stencil printing method using a mask 39 made of silicone and cured.
- a light emitting diode having a similar chromaticity point is produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- a light emitting diode having a curved light emitting surface is obtained, and more uniform light emission is obtained than in the first embodiment.
- the substrate 32 is provided with positive electrodes 32a and 32b forces S corresponding to the respective LED chips.
- Example 2 After mixing the epoxy resin and Si02 having a center particle size of 2.5 / m as a diffusing agent so as to have a weight ratio of 100: 50, the same fluorescent substance as in Example 2 was mixed. Further, a filler containing 70 wt% of SiO 2 having a center particle diameter of 6 ⁇ with respect to the epoxy resin amount is used as a light-transmitting resin. This translucent resin was filled by stencil printing in the same manner as in Example 5 into the recess of the housing having a wall surface in which the LED chip was connected to a pair of lead electrodes with gold wires, and was filled at 85 ° C.
- the light emitting diode of the sixth embodiment has a further improved life, and a light emitting diode having uniform light emission can be obtained.
- Example 8 The same light emitting diode as in Example 2 was used, and a light emitting diode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Si 0 2 having a center particle size of about 25; To form Thereby, the luminous intensity is improved by 10% as compared with the third embodiment.
- Example 8 The same light emitting diode as in Example 2 was used, and a light emitting diode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Si 0 2 having a center particle size of about 25; To form Thereby, the luminous intensity is improved by 10% as compared with the third embodiment. Example 8.
- Example 2 The same fluorescent substance as in Example 2 was used, and the same procedure as in Example 6 was carried out except that Si 0 2 having a circularity difference of 10% and a center particle diameter of about 25 / zm was used as a filler. A light emitting diode is formed. As a result, the luminous intensity is improved by 10% compared to the sixth embodiment.
- the LED chip 5 (same as in Example 1) is coated with a glossy plated copper mount ' after die bonding resin 42, the electrodes and the mounting of the LED chip 5.
- the mixture is mixed so that the weight ratio becomes 5: 100, and the mixture is injected into the cup of the mount ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ lead, and then cured at a temperature of 150 ° C.
- a coating portion 48 containing a fluorescent substance is formed.
- a shell-shaped lens 49 is formed of translucent epoxy resin so as to be circular as viewed from the light emission observation surface.
- the lamp-type light-emitting diode thus obtained has the same effect as in the first embodiment.
- the epoxy resin is a translucent resin, and S i O 2 of the fluorescent substance and the circularity of the difference and the center grain size of about 25 m at 10% as a filler Of a lamp-type light emitting diode in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the mixture having a weight ratio of 100: 10: 35 was injected into the cup of the mount lead.
- the mixture having a weight ratio of 100: 10: 35 was injected into the cup of the mount lead.
- Example 2 The same LED chip as in Example 1 was placed in the concave portion of the resin package in which the lead electrode was insert-molded, and a silicone resin as a translucent resin, the same fluorescent substance as in Example 1, and the center particle diameter were used.
- a fluorescent material comprising 5 weight ratio and S i 0 2 center particle diameter of about 0.5 Myupaiiota is, 10 0: 0.
- the light emitting diode has the same effect as in Example 2, and further has excellent color rendering properties, high brightness, and a light emitting diode. Is obtained.
- Example 13 is an example related to the manufacturing method of the first embodiment.
- Example 13 a surface-mounted light emitting diode as shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured.
- the LED chip 5 has a monochromatic emission peak of visible light of 475 nm as an emission layer. . 2 Ga. .
- nitride arsenide compound semiconductor LED chip having 8 N semiconductor light-emitting layer More specifically, the LED chip 5 is formed by flowing a TMG (trimethyl gallium) gas, a TMI (trimethyl indium) gas, a nitrogen gas, and a dopant gas together with a carrier gas on a cleaned sapphire substrate, and using the MOC VD method to form a nitride semiconductor. Is formed by forming a film. At this time, a layer to be an n-type nitride semiconductor or a p-type nitride semiconductor is formed by switching between SiH 4 and Cp 2 Mg as a dopant gas.
- N-type GaN layer which is an undoped nitride semiconductor
- n-type contact layer on which an n-type electrode is formed, an n-type GaN layer of an undoped nitride semiconductor,
- Light-emitting layer
- a 1 GaN layer doped with Mg (p-type cladding layer)
- a GaN layer (p-type contact layer) doped with Mg is sequentially laminated.
- the p-type semiconductor anneals at 400 ° C. or higher after film formation.
- each of the p-type and n- type contact layers is exposed on the same surface on the nitride semiconductor side on the sapphire substrate by etching.
- Positive and negative electrodes are formed on each contact layer by using a sputtering method. Note that a metal thin film is formed on the entire surface of the P-type nitride semiconductor as a light-transmitting electrode, and then a pedestal electrode is formed on a part of the light-transmitting electrode. After the completed semiconductor wafer is drawn along the scrape line, it is split by external force. Thus, an LED chip as a light emitting element is manufactured.
- the LED chip manufactured as described above is die-bonded with epoxy resin into each through-hole of the package assembly described in Embodiment 1, and each electrode of the LED chip and the metal thin film 2a, 2b are respectively connected. Conduct electrical connection by wire bonding with gold wire.
- the fluorescent material is prepared as follows.
- the S i O 2 mean particle diameter of 0. 3 m in pairs to 20 wt% containing an epoxy resin, the fluorescent substance 17 wt central particle size of 10 ⁇ m S i O 2 of 70 w
- the alicyclic epoxy resin composition (viscosity: 8 OOO mPa-s) further mixed and dispersed by t% is used as a material for the sealing member.
- Example 13 a mask 112 made of stainless steel and having a thickness of 100 zm is used.
- the mask design is the same as in FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment.
- the package assembly on which the LED chip is placed is masked on the opening side of the through hole by placing the substrate lifting stage on the opening side of the mask 1 1 2 ⁇ Make contact.
- a predetermined amount of the translucent resin required for printing is applied to the end of the mask 112, and the pressure is reduced to 330 Pa.
- the first reciprocating squeegee is performed by applying a printing air pressure of 0.1 O Mpa to the spatula 14 inclined 30 degrees in the operation direction with respect to the vertical line of the mask 112.
- the inside of the chamber is pressurized to 2000 Pa.
- Perform the first round trip return squeegee Perform this reciprocating squeegee two times.
- the substrate lifting stage is lowered, and the package assembly is separated from the mask 112 force.
- the translucent resin is temporarily cured at 85 ° C. for 3 hours, and then secondarily cured at 140 ° C. for 4 hours. In this manner, a light-transmitting resin having a smooth surface can be formed over the through hole and the upper surface of the insulating substrate at both ends thereof.
- the package assembly is adhered to an ultraviolet-curable dicing adhesive sheet having a film thickness of 150 m and an adhesive layer of 20 ⁇ m with the transparent resin side of the package assembly facing the adhesive layer.
- an ultraviolet-curable dicing adhesive sheet having a film thickness of 150 m and an adhesive layer of 20 ⁇ m with the transparent resin side of the package assembly facing the adhesive layer.
- a dicing blade from the bottom side of the package assembly, a cut is made to a depth of 100 m of the package assembly and the dicing adhesive sheet in order to divide the light emitting diodes into individual light emitting diodes.
- the adhesive layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the film side, and divided into each light emitting diode.
- One opening corresponds to one through hole of the package assembly
- a light emitting diode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the mask formed in Step 1 was used.
- the filled translucent resin leaks to the upper surfaces of the substrates at both ends. When this light emitting diode is adhered to the adhesive sheet for dicing and diced, each light emitting diode falls apart.
- Example 14 15 wt% of the fluorescent substance and 40 wt% of SiO 2 having a center particle diameter of 10 m were mixed and dispersed in a one-part curable epoxy resin containing no added crosslinked oligomer ⁇ ⁇ one.
- a surface-mounted light-emitting diode is produced in the same manner as in Example 13, except that the alicyclic epoxy resin composition (viscosity 1500 OmPa ⁇ s) is used as a material for a sealing member.
- the light emitting diode of the fourteenth embodiment improves both the luminous intensity and the output as compared with the thirteenth embodiment, and can further greatly improve the reliability.
- Example 15 a fluorescent material, Y is about 20% substituted with Gd, the center particle size of 21. 429 / im (Y 0, 8 Gd 0. 2) 2. 9 6 5 Al 5 0 12 : making Ce 0 0 3 5 in the same manner as in example 13.
- the fluorescent substance is composed of a large-diameter fluorescent substance and a small-diameter fluorescent substance. In the volume-based distribution curve, the flat region where the slope is zero has an integrated value of 4.6 vol% and a particle size range of 1.371 / 1. m to 8.379 m.
- 4.6 vol% of the total fluorescent material is composed of a small particle size fluorescent substance having a particle size smaller than 1.371 ⁇ , and the remaining 95.6 vol% is a large particle size having a particle size larger than 8.379 ⁇ . It consists of a fluorescent substance.
- the central particle size of the fluorescent substance classified by the sedimentation method so as to have such a distribution is 21.4 ⁇ m, and the frequency value at the central particle size is 29.12%.
- the frequency peak particle size of the small particle size fluorescent substance is 0.613 ⁇ m, and the frequency peak particle size value of the large particle size fluorescent substance is 22.908 ⁇ m.
- Example 15 a surface-mounted light emitting diode was produced in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the above-mentioned fluorescent substance was contained in a 15 wt% resin composition.
- the light emitting diode of the embodiment 15 can obtain the same effects as the embodiment 14 and can obtain a light emitting diode having higher brightness than the embodiment 14.
- Example 16 four types of resins C, D, E, and F, which are epoxy resins according to the present invention, and resins A and B of Comparative Examples were produced and their characteristics were evaluated.
- Epoxy resin compositions A to F were prepared under the following conditions. When the acid anhydride was added, the ester conversion of the carboxyl group was also evaluated. The ester conversion, which is expressed by mol% of the ratio of carboxyl groups of the acid anhydride converted to ester bonds, was evaluated by a neutralization reaction with an aqueous KOH solution. Specifically, 1.0 g of epoxy resin is dissolved in 50 mL of ethanol, and the BTB indicator changes color from yellow to blue (pH 7.6) by adding 0.1 NKOH aqueous solution. The amount of canolepoxyl group that had not been converted to estenolate was determined from the amount of KOH aqueous solution required for neutralization with the point of neutralization as the neutralization point.
- benzene sulfonium salt-based catalyst that is an aromatic sulfoium salt (Ayuon species is antimony hexafluoride) as a cationic curing agent Hydroxyphenylsulfonium (0.6 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hours, heated at 85 ° C for 3 hours, and further heated at 140 ° C for 4 hours to cure.
- Njinoresuruho base is cationic hard I ⁇ - ⁇ beam salts based catalyst hexafluoride antimonate base
- Njinore methyl P- hydroxyphenyl An epoxy resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Resin D, except that sulfonium was changed to 0.6 g. The transesterification ratio of the lipoxyl group was 94.2%.
- the liquid phase impact test consists of a 1-minute dipping in the liquid phase at _40 ° C and a 1-minute dipping in the liquid phase at 100 ° C. Alternatively, the occurrence rate of operation failure due to wire open was examined (100 test pieces).
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- resin A which was obtained by curing an alicyclic epoxy resin with only a cationic curing agent, operation failure due to cracks occurred from the beginning of the test, and the operation failure rate became 100% after 1000 cycles.
- Resin B which had improved flexibility by adding a reactive diluent, had a 7% malfunction after 2500 cycles.
- all of the resins C, D, E, and F according to the present invention have a malfunction of 4% or less after 2500 cycles.
- the resin D, E, and F with advanced ester conversion showed 0% malfunction. It was confirmed that the epoxy resin composition according to the present invention was more excellent in flexibility than the epoxy resin improved in flexibility by the conventional reactive diluent.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show the total light transmittance before irradiation
- FIG. 11B shows the total light transmittance after irradiation.
- the conventional epoxy resin composition resin diluent B with a reactive diluent, has a low transmittance in the short wavelength range from the beginning and turns yellow, and the light resistance test shows that The transmittance further decreased and yellowing proceeded remarkably.
- the resin F which is the epoxy resin composition of the present invention, did not show any coloring at the initial stage and after the light resistance test.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B show the total light transmittance before irradiation
- FIG. 12B shows the total light transmittance after irradiation.
- the conventional epoxy resin composition resin A to which a cationic curing agent was added, initially had the same transmittance as resin F, which is the epoxy resin composition of the present invention, but was short in heat resistance tests.
- the transmittance in the wavelength range was reduced and yellowing advanced.
- Resin B to which the reactive diluent has been added has a low transmittance in the short wavelength region from the beginning and turns yellow, and the heat resistance test further reduces the transmittance in the short wavelength region to yellow. Progressed remarkably.
- Resin F which is the epoxy resin composition of the present invention, had no coloring at an early stage and showed better heat resistance than Resin B although yellowing progressed in the heat resistance test.
- a light-emitting diode having the structure shown in Fig. 1 was prepared using epoxy resin compositions B and F, and a current-carrying life test at room temperature (25 ° C) and high temperature and high humidity (85 ° C, 85%) was performed. Flow rate 1 O mA).
- Figures 13 and 14 show the relative output value P of the LED during the energized life at room temperature, high temperature and high humidity, respectively. 5 is a graph in which changes in% (relative value of output with initial value being 100%) were examined. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the epoxy resin composition F of the present invention showed less reduction in the LED output during life than the conventional epoxy resin composition B.
- Example 17 a surface-mounted light emitting diode shown in FIG. 1 was produced.
- a fluorescent material was mixed with the translucent resin.
- the LED chip 5 has a monochromatic emission peak of visible light of 475 nm as an emission layer. . 2 G a 0.
- a nitride semiconductor device having an 8 N semiconductor That is, in the present example 17, the same LED chip as that of the example 13 was used.
- Example 13 The same fluorescent substance as that of Example 13 was used. Then, an alicyclic epoxy resin composition in which 40 wt% of SiO 2 having a center particle diameter of 10 / Xm was mixed and dispersed in the resin F by 15 wt ° A viscosity of 1500 OmPas) was prepared as a translucent resin.
- Example 17 When a light-emitting diode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 17 except that the resin A was used and a mask was used in which one opening was formed for one through-hole of the captive insulating substrate, and Light emission unevenness is observed and uniform light emission cannot be obtained. In addition, the reliability is lower than that of Example 17. .
- a light emitting diode was produced in the same manner as in Example 17 except that the same fluorescent substance as in Example 15 was used and the fluorescent substance was contained in 15 wt / o resin F.
- the light-emitting diode according to the eighteenth embodiment can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment, and can obtain the light-emitting diode S having higher luminance than the seventeenth embodiment.
- the following examples are examples relating to the synthesis of a fluorescent substance.
- the following example relates to a method for producing a fluorescent material suitable for a light emitting diode.
- Example 19 In the method of Example 19, first, a mixed material adjusted to have a desired fluorescent substance composition was mixed with a flux and packed in a crucible, and was placed in a weak reducing atmosphere at 140 ° C. to 160 ° C. For 6 to 8 hours at 140 ° C to 160 ° C in a reducing atmosphere.
- the obtained fired product is pulverized and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to form a fluorescent substance.
- the first firing step in which the mixture comprising the mixed raw material and the flux is performed in a weak reducing atmosphere and the second firing step in which the mixture is performed in a reducing atmosphere.
- a fluorescent substance having high absorption efficiency at the excitation wavelength can be obtained.
- the amount of fluorescent substance required to obtain a desired color tone can be reduced, and a light emitting diode S having high light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
- Example 20 (formed by mixing the oxides of the respective raw materials at a stoichiometric ratio. Flux: aluminum fluoride)
- Y 2 O 3, to obtain a G a O 3, A 1 2 O 3, and C e0 2 were mixed with stoichiometric mixing raw materials.
- aluminum fluoride is added as a flux and mixed with a ball mill mixer for 2 hours.
- baking is performed in a weak reducing atmosphere at 1400 ° C to 1600 ° C for 6 to 8 hours, and further in a reducing atmosphere at 1400 ° C to 1600 ° C for 6 to 8 hours.
- the obtained fired product is pulverized and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to form a fluorescent substance.
- JISZ8110 color coordinates
- Example 21 (in Example 20, the flux was changed to barium fluoride + boric acid)
- the fluorescent substance formed using barium fluoride as a flux has a longer chromaticity y value and a reddish tint than the case where other substances are used as a flux.
- the components decrease.
- the fluorescent substance produced by the method of the twenty-first embodiment has the same effect as that of the nineteenth embodiment when applied to, for example, the light emitting diode shown in FIG.
- Example 22 (10 wt% of liquid was added during firing in Example 21)
- Y 2 O 3 to obtain a G a 0 3, A 1 2 0 3, and Ce_ ⁇ 2 mixed by stoichiometric mixing raw materials.
- barium fluoride and boric acid are added as flatus and mixed for 2 hours with a pole mill mixer.
- a liquid of 1% by weight to the mixed powder for example, pure water is added and mixed, and the mixture is mixed in a weak reducing atmosphere at 1400 ° C .: L at 600 ° C. for 6 to 8 hours. Bake, and then bake at 1400 ° C to 1600 for 6 to 8 hours in a reducing atmosphere.
- the obtained calcined product is ground and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to form a fluorescent substance.
- the fluorescent substance produced by the method of Example 22 has the same effect as Example 19 when applied to, for example, the light emitting diode shown in FIG.
- Example 23 In the method of Example 23 (Example 37. 5 wt% addition of a liquid during sintering at 21) this example 23, Y 2 0 3, Ga0 3, A 1 2 O 3, and Ce_ ⁇ 2 stoichiometry To obtain a mixed raw material. To this mixed raw material, add barium fluoride and boric acid as flux, and mix with a ball mill mixer for 2 hours. Next, after removing the ponol, a liquid of 37.5 wt%, for example, pure water is added to the mixed powder and mixed, and the mixture is mixed at 1400 ° C to 1600 ° C for 6 to 8 hours in a weak reducing atmosphere.
- 37.5 wt% for example, pure water
- the obtained fired product is pulverized and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to form a fluorescent substance.
- the fluorescent substance produced by the method of the twenty-third embodiment has the same effect as that of the nineteenth embodiment when applied to, for example, the light emitting diode shown in FIG.
- Example 24 (62 wt% liquid was added during firing in Example 21)
- a Y 2 0 3, G a 0 3, A 1 2 0 3, and Ce_ ⁇ 2 mixed by stoichiometric mixing raw materials.
- barium fluoride and boric acid are added as a flux and mixed for 2 hours using a Paul mill mixer.
- a 62 wt% liquid for example, pure water is added to the mixed powder and mixed, and calcined in a weak reducing atmosphere at 1400 ° C. to 1600 ° C. for 6 to 8 hours. Further, bake at 1400 ° C to 1600 for 6 to 8 hours in a reducing atmosphere.
- the obtained fired product is pulverized and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to form a fluorescent substance.
- the fluorescent substance produced by the method of Example 24 provides the same effects as Example 19 when applied to, for example, the light emitting diode shown in FIG. Industrial applicability
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Description
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Priority Applications (8)
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KR1020027011978A KR100802006B1 (ko) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | 발광 다이오드, 광반도체 소자 및 광반도체 소자에 적합한 에폭시 수지 조성물 및 그들의 제조방법 |
EP09150593.3A EP2061096B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Light emitting diode and production method therefor |
JP2002560208A JP3428597B2 (ja) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | 光半導体素子およびその製造方法 |
EP02716349.2A EP1357610B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Light emitting diode |
US10/204,192 US6960878B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor element and epoxy resin composition suitable for optical semiconductor element and production methods therefor |
HK04102707A HK1060213A1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2004-04-16 | Light emitting diode, and method for manufacturingthe same |
US11/148,339 US7342357B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2005-06-09 | Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same |
US11/965,965 US7550096B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2007-12-28 | Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition and phosphor suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same |
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JP2001016367 | 2001-01-24 | ||
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US11/148,339 Division US7342357B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2005-06-09 | Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same |
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