JP6612328B2 - 不織布ウェブ - Google Patents
不織布ウェブ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6612328B2 JP6612328B2 JP2017512702A JP2017512702A JP6612328B2 JP 6612328 B2 JP6612328 B2 JP 6612328B2 JP 2017512702 A JP2017512702 A JP 2017512702A JP 2017512702 A JP2017512702 A JP 2017512702A JP 6612328 B2 JP6612328 B2 JP 6612328B2
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- nonwoven
- nonwoven layer
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- fiber
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/668—Separate nonwoven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand or fiber material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric
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Description
本発明の不織布ウェブは、ウェブ製造の分野において一般に既知であるように、機械方向(MD)(図1A、1B、2A〜2C、及び7〜9を示すシートの平面に垂直)、幅方向(CD)、及びZ方向を有する。前述のとおり、不織布ウェブが複数の不織布材料層を含む場合は、本発明の不織布ウェブは、積層構造を含む。材料層は、分離していてもよいか又は以下に記述されるように一体であってもよい。加えて、本発明の不織布ウェブのそれぞれは、本明細書において概ね平面的な2次元ウェブと呼ばれる、少なくとも2層の不織布材料層を含む。また、構成不織布層のそれぞれは、繊維状不織布ウェブである。
これまで記述されたキャップ及びタフトの配向に応じて、本発明の不織布ウェブの加工は、変更することができる。図10を参照すると、本発明の不織布ウェブを製造するための装置1000及び方法が示される。装置1000は、各々が軸Aを中心として回転する一対の噛合ロール1002及び1004を具備し、これら軸Aは平行かつ同一平面内にある。ロール1002は、ロール1002の円周全体にとぎれずに延出する複数個の隆起部1006と、対応する溝1008とを具備する。
融解した材料の繊維紡糸技術から作製された不織布基材に加えて、第1の不織布層及び/又は第2の不織布層は、予備形成された繊維(天然繊維を含む)から乾式又は湿式技術によるなどその他の手段によって作製され得る。乾式技術には、カーディング及びエアレイイングが挙げられる。これらの技術は、例えば、乾式とメルトスパン法など、多層の機能性不織布基材を形成するために互いに組み合わせてもよい。
前述のように、本明細書に記載された第1の不織布層は、第1の複数の実質的にランダムに配向された繊維を含む。加えて、本明細書に記載された第1の不織布層は、第1の複数の繊維の少なくとも一部の表面上にブルームを生じる添加剤を含み得る。添加剤を、製造後の繊維に適用してもよいか、又は溶融添加剤としてフィラメントの紡糸中に融解したポリマーに直接若しくはマスターバッチとして添加してもよい。添加剤がフィラメントに溶融ブレンドされる実施形態では、添加剤は、繊維の表面にブルームを生じ、繊維の外側表面の一部を被覆するフィルムを生成することができ、及び/又はフィブリル、フレーク、粒子、及び/又はその他の表面特徴を生成することができる。添加剤が製造後の繊維に適用される実施形態では、添加剤は、粒子、フィルム、フレーク、及び/又は液的を形成することができる。フィブリルを含む繊維では、フィブリルは表面から、外向きに延びてもよいか、又は外向きに放射状に延びてもよい。
合計4個の積層体を作製し、積層体の内2個は上記実施例を含んだ。約21mlの人工月経液の累積された液体侵襲後の積層体について、再湿潤データが集められた。
HLB(親水性/親油性バランス)
界面活性剤の用語「HLB」又は「HLB値」は、親水性−親油性バランスを指し、分子の異なる領域に対する値を計算することにより求められる、界面活性剤が親水性である、又は親油性である度合いの尺度である。非イオン性界面活性剤の場合HLB=20*Mb/Mであり、式中、Mは全分子の分子量であり、Mbは分子の親水性部分の分子量である。HLB値が0の場合は完全な親脂質性/疎水性分子に対応し、値が20の場合は完全な親水性/疎脂質性分子に対応する。上記は、当該技術分野において周知であるHLB計算のGriffin法を表す。
9.00cm2、すなわち、1.0cmの幅に9.0cmの長さの大きな不織布基材の片を使用する。試料は、拭き取り用品又は吸収性物品又はそのパッケージング材料などの消費者製品から切り取られてもよい。試料は、乾燥して、糊又は塵埃のようなその他の材料がない状態である必要がある。サンプルを、23℃(±2℃)、約50%(±5%)の相対湿度で、2時間、平衡状態に達するまで調整する。切り取った不織布基材の重量を、0.0001gの精度を有するスケール上で測定する。結果として生じる質量を試験片面積で割って、g/m2(gsm)単位の結果を得る。20個の同一の消費者製品又はそのパッケージング材料から得られる少なくとも20個の試験片で、同じ手順を繰り返す。消費者製品又はそのパッケージング材料が十分に大きい場合、それぞれから2つ以上の試験片を取得することができる。試料の例は、吸収性物品のトップシートの一部である。局部坪量変動試験が行われる場合、平均坪量を計算及び記録するために、これらの同じサンプル及びデータが使用される。
不織布基材の試料中の繊維の直径は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)及び画像分析ソフトウェアを用いることによって決定される。繊維が測定のために適切に拡大されるように、500〜10,000倍の倍率を選択する。電子ビームにおける繊維の荷電及び振動を避けるために、試料を金又はパラジウム化合物でスパッタする。繊維直径を決定するために手動の手順を使用する。マウス及びカーソルツールを用いて、無作為に選択された繊維の縁部を探し、その後、その幅方向に(すなわち、その点において繊維方向に対して垂直に)繊維の他方の縁部まで測定する。非円形繊維に関して、画像分析ソフトウェアを使用して断面の面積を測定する。有効直径を次に、求めた面積が円の面積であったかのように直径を計算することによって、計算する。目盛りのある、較正された画像解析ツールは、例えば、マイクロメートル(μm)での実際の読み取り値を得るためのスケーリングを提供する。このようにして、SEMを使用して不織布基材の試料の各所でいくつかの繊維を無作為に選択する。不織布基材由来の少なくとも2つの試験片を切り取り、この方法で試験する。統計的分析のために、そのような測定を、総計で少なくとも100回実施し、次いで、全てのデータを記録する。繊維直径の平均(平均値)、繊維直径の標準偏差、及び繊維直径の中央値を計算するために、記録したデータを使用する。別の有用な統計値は、特定の上限以下である繊維の集合の量の算出である。この統計値を決定するために、ソフトウェアは、繊維直径のうちのどれくらい多くの結果が、上限以下であるかカウントするようにプログラムされ、このカウント(データの合計数によって除され、100%をかける)は、上限以下であるパーセント(例えば直径が1マクロメートル以下であるパーセント、又はサブミクロンである%)として、パーセントで記録される。
繊維直径(デニール)=断面積(m2)*密度(kg/m3)*9000m*1000g/kg
A=π*(D/2)^2。
本開示の不織布基材の比表面積は、Micromeritic ASAP 2420又は同等の機器を使用するクリプトンガス吸着によって、連続飽和蒸気圧(Po)法(ASTM D−6556−10に従って)を使用して、またBrunauer、Emmett、及びTellerの原理及び計算に従って、自動脱気及び温度補正を含むKr−BETガス吸着法で決定する。試験片は方法が推奨するように300℃で脱気するべきではないが、代わりに室温で脱気するべきであることに留意されたい。比表面積は、m2/gで報告されるべきである。
各表面積測定値は、本開示の不織布基材の合計1gの試験片から取られる。1gの材料を得るために、吸収性物品、パッケージ、又は拭き取り用品が試験されているかどうかに応じて、1つ若しくは2つ以上の吸収性物品、1つ若しくは2つ以上のパッケージ、又は1つ若しくは2つ以上の拭き取り用品から複数の試験片を取得してもよい。ウェットタオル試験片を、40℃で、2時間又は軽圧下で液体が試験片から漏れなくなるまで乾燥する。試験片を、(吸収性物品、パッケージ、又は拭き取り用品が試験されているかどうかに応じて)吸収性物品、パッケージ、又は拭き取り用品から、接着剤を含まない、又は実質的に含まない領域で、はさみを使用して切断する。接着剤が紫外線の下で蛍光を発するので、紫外線蛍光分析キャビネットを次に試験片に使用して、接着剤の有無を検出する。接着剤の有無を検出するその他の方法も、使用することができる。試験片が接着剤を含まないように、接着剤の存在を示す試験片の領域は、試験片から切断される。試験片はここで、上記の比表面積フィブリル法(specific surface areafibrils method)を使用して試験することができる。
1)Image Jソフトウェアなどのソフトウェアプログラムにより、直線(すなわち、長さを有し、太さを有しない線)を使用して不織布基材のSEM画像上のレジェンドの長さ内のピクセル数を測定する。線の長さ及びレジェンドが対応するマイクロメートル数を記録する。
2)最も良く可視化されるようにフィブリルを選定し、その長さをその自由端から、繊維から生じている端部まで測定する。線の長さを記録する。
3)ピクセル単位でこの長さをレジェンドの長さで割り、次にマイクロメートル単位でレジェンドの長さをかけて、マイクロメートル単位のフィブリルの長さを得る。
1)Image Jソフトウェアなどのソフトウェアプログラムにより、直線(すなわち、長さを有し、太さを有しない線)を使用して不織布基材のSEM画像上のレジェンドの長さ内のピクセル数を測定する。線の長さ及びレジェンドが対応するマイクロメートル数を記録する。
2)最も良く可視化されるようにフィブリルを選定し、その幅を測定する。線の長さを記録する。
3)ピクセル単位でこの幅をレジェンドの長さで割り、次にマイクロメートル単位でレジェンドの長さをかけて、マイクロメートル単位のフィブリルの幅を得る。
1)Image Jソフトウェアなどのソフトウェアプログラムにより、直線(すなわち、長さを有し、太さを有しない線)を使用して不織布基材のSEM画像上のレジェンドの長さ内のピクセル数を測定する。線の長さ及びレジェンドが対応するマイクロメートル数を記録する。
2)最も良く可視化されるようにフィブリルを選定し、その厚さを測定する。線の長さを記録する。
3)ピクセル単位でこの厚さをレジェンドの長さで割り、次にマイクロメートル単位でレジェンドの長さをかけて、マイクロメートル単位のフィブリルの厚さを得る。
1)Image Jソフトウェアなどのソフトウェアプログラムにより、直線(すなわち、長さを有し、太さを有しない線)を使用して不織布基材のSEM画像上のレジェンドの長さ内のピクセル数を測定する。線の長さ及びレジェンドが対応するマイクロメートル数を記録する。
2)最も良く可視化されるようにフィブリルを選定し、その最も近い隣のフィブリルからの距離を測定する。線の長さを記録する。
3)ピクセル単位でこの厚さをレジェンドの長さで割り、次にマイクロメートル単位でレジェンドの長さをかけて、マイクロメートル単位のフィブリルの厚さを得る。
繊維の質量平均直径は、以下のように計算される。
試料中の繊維は、円形/円筒形であると想定され、
di=試料中のi番目の繊維の測定された直径、
∂x=その直径が測定される繊維の極小長手方向区分(試料中の全ての繊維に対して共通)、
mi=試料中のi番目の繊維の質量、
n=試料中で直径を測定される繊維の数
ρ=試料中の繊維の密度(試料中の全ての繊維に対して共通)
Vi=試料中のi番目の繊維の容積。
重力測定の重量喪失試験は、本開示の不織布基材におけるエステル脂質(例えば、GTS)の量を測定するために使用される。1mm以下の最も狭い試料寸法で不織布基材の1つ又は2つ以上の試料を、還流フラスコシステムを使用してアセトン100gに対して1gの不織布基材試料の比でアセトン中に入れた。まず、試料を計量し、その後、還流フラスコの中に入れ、その後、試料の混合物及びアセトンを60℃に20時間にわたって加熱する。試料を次に除去して、60分間風乾し、試料の最終重量を測定する。試料中のエステル脂質の重量パーセントを計算するための計算式は次のとおりである。
重量%エステル脂質=([試料の初期質量−試料の最終質量]/[試料の初期質量])×100%。
Claims (11)
- 吸収性物品で使用するための不織布ウェブ(100A、100B、200A、200B、200C、700、800、900)であって、
第1の複数の繊維と、第1の側部(115、215、715、815、915)と、前記第1の側部に対向する第2の側部(120、220、720、820、920)と、前記第1の不織布層を前記第1の側部から前記第2の側部へ貫通する第1の複数の穿孔と、を備える、第1の不織布層(110、210A、210B、710、810、910)であって、
前記第1の不織布層が、前記第1の複数の繊維の少なくとも一部上で、ブルームを生じる、溶融添加剤を含む、第1の不織布層と、
第2の複数の繊維と、第1の側部(155、255、755、855、955)と、前記第1の側部に対向する第2の側部(160、260、760、860、960)と、を備える、第2の不織布層(150A、150B、250A、250B、750、850、950)であって、
前記第2の不織布層は、前記第2の複数の繊維の少なくとも一部が前記第1の複数の穿孔と液体連通するように前記第1の不織布層に取り付けられている、第2の不織布層と、を備え、
前記第1の不織布層が疎水性であり、前記第2の不織布層が親水性であり、
前記添加剤が、40℃〜80℃の範囲内の融点を有することを特徴とする、不織布ウェブ。 - 前記第2の不織布層が、前記第1の不織布層の前記穿孔と実質的に整列する第2の複数の穿孔を備える、請求項1に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、0〜4のHLB値を有する疎水性材料を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、50℃〜75℃の範囲内の融点を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、60℃〜73℃の範囲内の融点を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、トリグリセリド、アルキルケテンダイマー、ジアリールエテン、エチレングリコールジアルキルジエステル、エチレングリコールジアルキルジエステル、スクロースポリアルキルポリエステル、グリコースポリアルキルポリエステル、アルキルカルボン酸のソルビタンジエステル及びソルビタントリエステル、アルキルカルボン酸の無機塩、又はそれらの組み合わせであり、前記アルキル鎖が大部分飽和し、12〜22個の炭素原子を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、グリセロールトリステアレートである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記第1の不織布層及び前記第2の不織布層が、各穿孔の周囲の少なくとも一部の周りに結合されている、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記第1の複数の繊維が、ポリエチレンとポリプロピレンとのバイコンポーネント繊維を含み、前記ポリエチレンがシースとして構成されており、前記ポリプロピレンが前記シース内部にコアとして構成されている、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、前記第1の不織布層に0.5重量パーセント〜15重量パーセントで存在する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記添加剤が、前記第1の不織布層に10重量パーセント未満で存在する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
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US201462048316P | 2014-09-10 | 2014-09-10 | |
US62/048,316 | 2014-09-10 | ||
PCT/US2015/049404 WO2016040618A2 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | Nonwoven web |
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RU2017104454A (ru) | 2018-10-11 |
JP2017528612A (ja) | 2017-09-28 |
RU2677084C2 (ru) | 2019-01-15 |
CA2959817A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
US11110013B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
CN106604710A (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
CN116270032A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
RU2017104454A3 (ja) | 2018-10-11 |
MX2017003116A (es) | 2017-05-23 |
US20200129345A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
ES2925033T3 (es) | 2022-10-13 |
EP3193801A2 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
US20210369508A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
WO2016040618A3 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
WO2016040618A2 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
BR112017004752A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
IL250979A0 (en) | 2017-04-30 |
US11839531B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
US20160067118A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
EP3193801B1 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
HUE059173T2 (hu) | 2022-10-28 |
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