JP5379692B2 - 潰瘍、癌及び他の疾患の治療のためのグルタミニルシクラーゼの阻害薬としての3−ヒドロキシ−1,5−ジヒドロ−ピロール−2−オン誘導体 - Google Patents
潰瘍、癌及び他の疾患の治療のためのグルタミニルシクラーゼの阻害薬としての3−ヒドロキシ−1,5−ジヒドロ−ピロール−2−オン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、アンモニアを遊離しながらのN-末端グルタミン残基のピログルタミン酸(5-オキソ-プロリル、pGlu*)への分子内環化、及び水を遊離しながらのN-末端グルタミン酸残基のピログルタミン酸への分子内環化を触媒する、グルタミニルシクラーゼ(QC, EC 2.3.2.5)に関する。
グルタミニルシクラーゼ(QC, EC 2.3.2.5)は、アンモニアを遊離しながらの、N-末端グルタミン残基のピログルタミン酸(pGlu*)への分子内環化を触媒する。QCは、1963年にMesserにより熱帯植物カリカ・パパイヤ(Carica papaya)のラテックスから最初に単離された(Messer, M.の論文、1963 Nature 4874, 1299)。24年後、対応する酵素活性が、動物の下垂体で発見された(Busby, W. H. J.らの論文、1987 J Biol Chem 262, 8532-8536;Fischer, W. H.及びSpiess, J.の論文、1987 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84, 3628-3632)。哺乳類のQCに関して、QCによるGlnのpGluへの転換が、TRH及びGnRHの前駆体について示されている(Busby, W. H. J.らの論文、1987 J Biol Chem 262, 8532-8536;Fischer, W. H.及びSpiess, J.の論文、1987 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84, 3628-3632)。加えて、最初のQC局在化実験は、ウシ下垂体におけるその触媒の推定上の生成物との同時局在を明らかにし、ペプチドホルモン合成において示唆された機能を更に強化した(Bockers, T. M.らの論文、1995 J Neuroendocrinol 7, 445-453)。対照的に、植物のQCの生理機能は、余り明確ではない。C.パパイヤ由来の酵素の場合、病原性微生物に対する植物防御における役割が示唆された(El Moussaoui, A.らの論文、2001 Cell Mol Life Sci 58, 556-570)。他の植物に由来する推定上のQCが、最近の配列比較により同定された(Dahl, S. W.らの論文、2000 Protein Expr Purif 20, 27-36)。しかしこれらの酵素の生理機能は依然曖昧である。
EP 02 011 349.4は、昆虫グルタミニルシクラーゼをコードしているポリヌクレオチドに加え、これらによりコードされたポリペプチド、及びグルタミニルシクラーゼ活性を低下する作用物質のスクリーニング法におけるそれらの使用を開示している。このような作用物質は、殺虫薬として有用である。
用語「ki」又は「KI」及び「KD」は、結合定数であり、これは阻害薬の酵素への結合及び引き続きの酵素からの放出を説明している。別の測定値は、「IC50」値であり、これは、所定の基質濃度で、50%酵素活性を生じる阻害薬濃度を反映している。
本明細書において使用される用語「EC活性」は、QCによるN-末端グルタミン酸残基のピログルタミン酸(pGlu*)への分子内環化として定義される。従ってスキーム3を参照されたい。
好ましい実施態様において、QC阻害との相関関係を考慮し、本対象となる方法及び医学的用途は、QC阻害のIC50が10μM以下、より好ましくは1μM以下、更により好ましくは0.1μM以下もしくは0.01μM以下、又は最も好ましくは0.001μM以下である作用物質を利用する。実際、Ki値が低いマイクロモル、好ましくはナノモル、更により好ましくはピコモルの範囲である阻害薬が意図されている。従って本明細書においては便宜上「QC阻害薬」として本活性作用物質が説明されているが、そのような命名は、本発明の対象を特定の作用機構に制限することを意図するものではないことは理解されるであろう。
一般に、目的の方法又は医学的用途のQC阻害薬は、例えば、500g/mole以下、400g/mole以下、好ましくは350g/mole以下、更により好ましくは300g/mole以下、及び更には250g/mole以下である分子量を伴う小型分子であろう。
本明細書において使用される用語「治療的有効量」は、治療される疾患又は障害の症状を緩和することを含む、研究者、獣医師、医師又は他の臨床医により探求される組織システム、動物又はヒトにおいて生物学的又は医学的反応を誘起する活性化合物又は医薬品の量を意味する。
用語「ハロゲン」又は「ハロ」は、フッ素(F)、塩素(Cl)及び臭素(Br)を含む。
主張された化合物の全ての可能性のある立体異性体が、本発明に含まれる。
本発明の化合物が少なくとも1個のキラル中心を有する場合、従ってこれらはエナンチオマーとして存在し得る。本化合物が2個以上のキラル中心を有する場合、これらは加えてジアステレオマーとして存在し得る。全てのそのような異性体及びそれらの混合物は、本発明の範囲内に包含されることは理解されるべきである。
本発明の化合物の調製プロセスが立体異性体の混合物を生じる場合、これらの異性体は、分取クロマトグラフィーなどの通常の技術により分離されてよい。本化合物は、ラセミ体の形状で調製されるか、又は個別のエナンチオマーが、エナンチオ特異的合成によるかもしくは分割によるかのいずれかにより、調製されてよい。本化合物は、例えば、(-)-ジ-p-トルオイル-d-酒石酸及び/又は(+)-ジ-p-トルオイル-l-酒石酸のような光学活性のある酸との塩形成によるジアステレオマー対の形成、それに続く分別結晶及び遊離塩基の再生などの、標準技術により、それらの成分エナンチオマーに分割されてよい。本化合物は、ジアステレオマー的エステル又はアミドの形成、それに続くクロマトグラフィーによる分離及びキラル補助基の除去により、分割されてもよい。あるいは本化合物は、キラルHPLCカラムを用い、分割されてよい。
遊離化合物とそれらの塩又は溶媒和物の形の化合物の間の密接な関係を考慮し、化合物がこの文脈において言及される限りは、対応する塩又は溶媒和物も、但しその状況下で可能又は適切であることを条件とし、意図されている。
更に本化合物の結晶形の一部は、多形体として存在してよく、かつそのようなものは、本発明に含まれることが意図されている。加えて一部の本化合物は、水と(すなわち水和物)又は一般的有機溶媒と溶媒和物を形成することができ、そのような溶媒和物も、本発明の範囲内に包含されることが意図されている。それらの塩を含む本化合物は同じく、それらの水和物の形で得られるか、又はそれらの結晶化に使用された他の溶媒を含むことができる。
本発明は更に、その範囲内に、本発明の化合物のプロドラッグを含む。概してそのようなプロドラッグは、所望の治療的活性化合物へインビボにおいて容易に転換可能である化合物の官能基誘導体(functional derivative)であろう。従ってこれらの場合、本発明の治療法で、用語「投与する」は、1種以上の主張された化合物のプロドラッグ型であるが、被験者への投与後に前述の特定された化合物へインビボで転換する型による、説明された様々な障害の治療を包含している。好適なプロドラッグ誘導体の選択及び調製の通常の手順は、例えば、H. Bundgaard編集の文献「プロドラッグデザイン(Design of Prodrugs)」(Elsevier、1985年)に説明されている。
本発明の化合物の調製プロセスの間に、関心のある任意の分子上の感応性のある基又は反応基を保護することが必要及び/又は望ましいことがある。これは、J.F.W. McOmie編集の文献「有機化学における保護基(Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry」」(Plenum Press、1973年);並びに、T.W. Greene及びP. G. M. Wutsの文献「有機合成における保護基(Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis)」(John Wiley & Sons、1991年)に説明されているもののような、通常の保護基により実現することができ、これらの文献は引用により本明細書中に完全に組み込まれている。これらの保護基は、都合の良い引き続きの工程において、当該技術分野において公知の方法を用い除去することができる。
従って、例えば懸濁剤、エリキシル剤及び液剤などの液体経口調製物に関して、好適な担体及び添加剤は、有利なことに、水、グリコール、油類、アルコール、香味剤、保存剤、着色剤などを含み;例えば散剤、カプセル剤、ゲルキャップ剤及び錠剤などの固形経口調製物に関しては、好適な担体及び添加剤は、デンプン、糖類、希釈剤、造粒剤、滑沢剤、結合剤、崩壊剤などを含んでよい。
前述の混合物へ添加することができる担体は、好適な結合剤、懸濁化剤、滑沢剤、香味料、甘味料、保存剤、コーティング、崩壊剤、色素及び着色剤を含むが、これらに限定されるものではない、必要かつ不活性の医薬賦形剤を含む。
崩壊剤は、デンプン、メチルセルロース、寒天、ベントナイト、キサンタンガムなどを含むが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明に従い、全ての互変異性体及び立体異性体を含む、式(I)の化合物又はそれらの医薬として許容し得る塩、多形体もしくは溶媒和物が提供される:
R2は、水素;ハロゲン;アルケニル;アルキニル;-アルケニルアリール;-アルケニルヘテロアリール;ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ-、-チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換されてよい、アルキル;アルキル、ハロゲン、ハロアルキル-、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ-、-チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換されてよい、カルボシクリル;-アルキルカルボシクリル;-アルキルヘテロシクリル;アリール;ヘテロアリール;1個以上のアルキル基により任意に置換された、ヘテロシクリル;-アルキルアリール;-アルキル(アリール)2、-アルキルヘテロアリール;-アリール-ヘテロアリール;ヘテロシクリル-アリール-;-アリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-ヘテロアリール、及び-C(O)R4を表し;
R3は、ハロゲン;ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ、チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換された、アルキル;アリール;ヘテロアリール;-C(O)R5を表し;
R4及びR5は、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、-アルキルアリール、-アルキルヘテロアリール、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、-アルキルカルボシクリル及び-アルキルヘテロシクリルを独立して表し、
但し、R1がイミダゾリル、-カルボシクリル-イミダゾリル、-アルケニル-イミダゾリル又は-アルキル-イミダゾリルである場合、R3は-C(O)R5ではないことを条件とする。)。
本発明に従い、全ての互変異性体及び立体異性体を含む、式(I)の化合物又はそれらの医薬として許容し得る塩、多形体もしくは溶媒和物が提供される:
R2は、水素;ハロゲン;アルケニル;アルキニル;-アルケニルアリール;-アルケニルヘテロアリール;ハロゲン、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ-、-チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換されてよい、アルキル、又はカルボシクリル;-アルキルカルボシクリル;-アルキルヘテロシクリル;アリール;ヘテロアリール;1個以上のアルキル基により任意に置換された、ヘテロシクリル;-アルキルアリール;-アルキル(アリール)2、-アルキルヘテロアリール;-アリール-ヘテロアリール;ヘテロシクリル-アリール-;-アリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-ヘテロアリール、及び-C(O)R4を表し;
R3は、ハロゲン;ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ、チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換された、アルキル;アリール;ヘテロアリール;-C(O)R5を表し;
R4及びR5は、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、-アルキルアリール、-アルキルヘテロアリール、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、-アルキルカルボシクリル及び-アルキルヘテロシクリルを独立して表し、
但し、R1がイミダゾリル、-カルボシクリル-イミダゾリル、-アルケニル-イミダゾリル又は-アルキル-イミダゾリルである場合、R3は-C(O)R5ではないことを条件とする。)。
前記R2がアルケニル、例えばC2-6アルケニルを表す場合、例は、ビニル、プロペニル(すなわち、プロペン-1-イル又はプロペン-2-イル)、ブテニル(例えば、ブテン-1-イル又はブテン-2-イル)、3-メチル-ブタ-1-エニル及びペンタ-1-エニル、特に3-メチル-ブタ-1-エニル及びペンタ-1-エニルである。
R2が-アルケニルアリール、例えばC2-6アルケニルアリールを表す場合、例は、スチリル(例えば、-スチリル及び-ビニルトリル)である。
ハロゲン、例えば1、2又は3個のハロゲン原子により置換されたアルキル、例えばクロロメチル又はトリフルオロメチル;
ヒドロキシルにより置換されたアルキル、例えばヒドロキシメチル及び1,2-ジヒドロキシ-エチル;
-C(O)O-アルキル、例えば-C(O)O-C1-4アルキルにより置換されたアルキル、例えば-CH2C(O)OMe、-CH2CH2C(O)OMe、-CH2C(O)OEt、-CH2CH2C(O)OEt;
-C(O)OHにより置換されたアルキル、例えば-CH2C(O)OH、-CH2CH2C(O)OH;
アルコキシ-により置換されたアルキル、例えばC1-4アルコキシ(例えばメトキシ-により置換されたアルキル、例えば-CH2OMe);
-チオアルキルにより置換されたアルキル、例えばC1-4チオアルキル(例えば-チオメチルにより置換されたアルキル、例えば-CH2SMe)。
-ハロゲン(例えば、1、2又は3個のハロゲン原子、例えばクロロシクロヘキシル);
-ヒドロキシル(例えば、ヒドロキシシクロヘキシル-及び3,4-ジヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-);
-C(O)O-アルキル、例えば、-C(O)O-C1-4アルキル(例えば、-C(O)OMe又は-C(O)OEtにより置換されたシクロヘキシル);
-C(O)OH(例えば、-C(O)OHにより置換されたシクロヘキシル);
-アルコキシ-、例えば、C1-4アルコキシ(例えば、メトキシ-により置換されたシクロヘキシル、又はメトキシ-により置換されたシクロヘキセニル);
-チオアルキル、例えば、C1-4チオアルキル(例えば、-チオメチルなどの-チオアルキルにより置換されたシクロヘキシル);
-ハロアルキル、例えば、C1-4ハロアルキル(例えば、-CF3などの-ハロアルキルにより置換されたシクロヘキシル);
-アルキル、例えば、C1-4アルキル、特にメチル(例えば、1又は2個のメチル基により置換されたシクロヘキシル又はシクロヘキセニル、例えば2-メチル-シクロヘキシル-、2,3-ジメチルシクロヘキシル、2-メチル-シクロヘキセニル、2,3-ジメチル-シクロヘキセニル)。
前記R2が-アルキルヘテロシクリルを表す場合、例は、-C1-4アルキルヘテロシクリル、例えば-メチルピペリジニル、-エチルピペリジニル、-メチル-2,4-ジヒドロピラン及び-エチル-2,4-ジヒドロピランを含む。
前記R2が-アルキルヘテロアリールを表す場合、例は、-C1-4アルキルヘテロアリール、例えば-メチル-ピリジン、-メチル-フラン、-メチル-チオフェン及び-メチル-ピロールを含む。
前記R2が-ヘテロアリール-アリールを表す場合、例は、-ピリジニル-フェニルを含む。
前記R2がヘテロシクリル-アリール-を表す場合、例は、4-ピロリジン-1 -イル-フェニル-を含む。
前記R2が-アリール-アリールを表す場合、例は、-(単環アリール)-(単環アリール)、例えば(4-フェニル)-フェニル及び4-(トリル)-フェニルを含む。
前記R3がアルキル、例えばC1-6アルキルを表す場合、非置換のアルキルの例は、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル(例えば、n-ブチル、iso-ブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチル)、ペンチル及びヘキシルを含む。置換アルキルの例は、ハロゲン、例えば1、2又は3個のハロゲン原子により置換されたアルキル、例えばクロロメチル又はトリフルオロメチル;ヒドロキシルにより置換されたアルキル、例えば、ヒドロキシメチル及び1,2-ジヒドロキシ-エチル;-C(O)OHにより置換されたアルキル、例えば、-CH2C(O)OH、-CH2CH2C(O)OH;アルコキシ-により置換されたアルキル(例えば、メトキシ-などのC1-4アルコキシにより置換されたアルキル、例えば、-CH2OMe);-チオアルキルにより置換されたアルキル(例えば、-チオメチルなどのC1-4チオアルキルにより置換されたアルキル、例えば、-CH2SMe)を含む。R3がアルキルを表す場合、これは非置換、特に例えばメチル又はイソプロピルが適している。
式(III)、(IV)及び(V)の化合物は、公知であるか、又はそれ自身公知の常法により調製することができる。
哺乳類におけるQC(EC)の生理的基質は、例えば、アミロイドβ-ペプチド(3-40)、(3-42)、(11-40及び(11-42)、ABri、ADan、ガストリン、ニューロテンシン、FPP、CCL2、CCL7、CCL8、CCL16、CCL18、フラクタルキン、オレキシンA、[Gln3]-グルカゴン(3-29)、[Gln5]-サブスタンスP(5-11)及びペプチドQYNADである。更なる詳細については、表1を参照されたい。これらの化合物及び/又は本発明の組み合わせ及び少なくとも1種のQC(EC)阻害薬を含有する医薬組成物は、QC活性の変調により治療することができる状態の治療に有用である。
3、11及び/又は22位にピログルタミン酸残基を伴うβ-アミロイドペプチドは、アミロイドβ-ペプチド1-40(42/43)よりも、より細胞毒性があり、かつより疎水性であることが説明されている(Saido T.C.の論文、2000 Medical Hypotheses 54(3): 427-429)。
加えて、本発明のQC阻害薬の投与は、男性不妊の抑制を導くことができる。
好ましい実施態様において、本発明は、特にニューロン疾患、アテローム性動脈硬化症及び多発性硬化症を治療するための、他の作用物質と併用する、QC(EC)活性の阻害薬の使用を提供する。
最も好ましくは、該方法及び対応する使用は、少なくとも1種の式(I)の化合物の治療的有効量を、哺乳類、好ましくはヒトへ投与することを含む、軽度認識障害、アルツハイマー病、家族性英国型認知症、家族性デンマーク型認知症、ダウン症候群、パーキンソン病及びハンチントン舞踏病からなる群から選択される疾患の治療のためである。
更に好ましくは、本発明は、膵炎及び再狭窄の治療のための、治療法及び対応する使用を提供する。
好ましい実施態様において、本発明は、少なくとも1種のQC阻害薬を、向知性薬、神経保護薬、抗パーキンソン薬、アミロイドタンパク質沈着阻害薬、βアミロイド合成阻害薬、抗うつ薬、抗不安薬、抗精神病薬及び多発性硬化症治療薬からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の他の作用物質と任意に組み合わせて含有する、組成物、好ましくは医薬組成物を提供する。
最も好ましくは、該QC阻害薬は、本発明の式(I)の化合物である。
更に前述の他の作用物質は、β-アミロイド抗体、システインプロテアーゼ阻害薬、MCP-1アンタゴニストからなる群より選択されてよい。
(a)ベンゾジアゼピン、例えば、アルプラゾラム、クロルジアゼポキシド、クロバザム、クロナゼパム、クロラゼプ酸、ジアゼパム、フルジアゼパム、ロフラゼプ酸、ロラゼパム、メタカロン、オキサゼパム、プラゼパム、トランゼン、
(b)選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害薬(SSRI)、例えば、シタロプラム、フルオキセチン、フルボキサミン、エスシタロプラム、セルトラリン、パロキセチン、
(c)三環系抗うつ薬、例えば、アミトリプチリン、クロミプラミン、デシプラミン、ドキセピン、イミプラミン、
(d)モノアミンオキシダーゼ(MAO)阻害薬、
(e)アザピロン系薬、例えば、ブスピロン、タンドスピロン(tandopsirone)、
(f)セロトニン-ノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤(SNRI)、例えば、ベンラファキシン、デュロキセチン、
(g)ミルタザピン、
(h)ノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤(NRI)、例えば、レボキセチン、
(i)ブプロピオン、
(j)ネファゾドン、
(k)β-遮断薬、
(l)NPY-受容体リガンド:NPYアゴニスト又はアンタゴニスト。
a)ジヒドロオロト酸デヒドロゲナーゼ阻害薬、例えば、SC-12267、テリフルノミド、MNA-715、HMR-1279(HMR-1715、MNA-279へ合成)、
b)自己免疫抑制薬、例えば、ラキニモド、
c)パクリタキセル、
d)抗体、例えば、AGT-1、抗-顆粒球-マクロファージコロニー-刺激因子(GM-CSF)モノクローナル抗体、Nogo受容体モジュレーター、ABT-874、アレムツズマブ(CAMPATH)、抗-OX40抗体、CNTO-1275、DN-1921、ナタリズマブ(AN-100226、Antegren、VLA-4 Mabへ合成)、ダクリツマブ(Zenepax、Ro-34-7375、SMART抗-Tacへ合成)、J-695、プリリキシマブ(Centara、CEN-000029、cM-T412へ合成)、MRA、Dantes、抗-IL-12-抗体、
e)ペプチド核酸(PNA)調製物、例えば、レチキュロース(reticulose)、
f)インターフェロンα、例えば、Alfaferone、ヒトαインターフェロン(Omniferon、Alpha Leukoferonへ合成)、
g)インターフェロンβ、例えば、Frone、インターフェロンβ-1a様Avonex、Betron(レビフ)、インターフェロンβアナログ、インターフェロンβ-トランスフェリン融合タンパク質、組み換えインターフェロンβ-1b様ベタセロン、
h)インターフェロンτ、
i)ペプチド、例えば、AT-008、AnergiX.MS、Immunokine(α-Immunokine-NNSO3)、環状ペプチド様ZD-7349、
j)治療的酵素、例えば、可溶性CD8(sCD8)、
k)多発性硬化症-特異的自己抗原をコードしているプラスミド及びサイトカインをコードしているプラスミド、例えば、BHT-3009;
l)TNF-αの阻害薬、例えば、BLX-1002、サリドマイド、SH-636、
m)TNFアンタゴニスト、例えば、ソリマスタット、レネルセプト(RO-45-2081、Tenefuseへ合成)、オネルセプト(sTNFR1)、CC-1069、
n)TNFα、例えば、エタネルセプト(エンブレル、TNR-001へ合成)、
o)CD28アンタゴニスト、例えば、アバタセプト、
p)Lckチロシンキナーゼ阻害薬、
q)カテプシンK阻害薬、
r)ニューロン-ターゲティング膜輸送体タンパク質タウリンのアナログ及び植物由来のカルパイン阻害薬ロイペプチン、例えば、Neurodur、
s)ケモカイン受容体-1(CCR1)アンタゴニスト、例えば、BX-471、
t)CCR2アンタゴニスト、
u)AMPA受容体アンタゴニスト、例えば、ER-167288-01及びER-099487、E-2007、タランパネル、
v)カリウムチャネル遮断薬、例えば、ファムプリジン、
w)VLA-4A/VCAM相互作用のトシル-プロリン-フェニルアラニン小型-分子アンタゴニスト、例えば、TBC-3342、
x)細胞接着分子阻害薬、例えば、TBC-772、
y)アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、例えば、EN-101、
z)マスト細胞受容体へ結合する遊離免疫グロブリン軽鎖(IgLC)のアンタゴニスト、例えば、F-991、
aa)アポトーシス誘導性抗原、例えば、Apogen MS、
bb)アドレナリンα-2受容体アゴニスト、例えば、チザニジン(ザナフレックス、テルネリン、Sirdalvo、シルダルード、Mionidineへ合成)、
cc)L-チロシン、L-リシン、L-グルタミン酸及びL-アラニンのコポリマー、例えば、酢酸ガラティラメル(コパクソン、COP-1、コポリマー-1へ合成)、
dd)トポイソメラーゼIIモジュレーター、例えば、塩酸ミトキサントロン、
ee)アデノシンデアミナーゼ阻害薬、例えば、クラドリビン(ロイスタチン、Mylinax、RWJ-26251へ合成)、
ff)インターロイキン-10、例えば、イロデカキン(テノビル、Sch-52000、CSIFへ合成)、
gg)インターロイキン-12アンタゴニスト、例えば、リソフィリン(CT-1501 R、LSF、リソフィリンへ合成)、
hh)エタナミナム、例えば、SRI-62-834Λ(CRC-8605、NSC-614383へ合成)、
ii)免疫調節物質、例えば、SAIK-MS、PNU-156804、α-フェトプロテインペプチド(AFP)、IPDS、
jj)レチノイド受容体アゴニスト、例えば、アダパレン(ディフリン、CD-271へ合成)、
kk)TGF-β、例えば、GDF-1(増殖及び分化因子1)、
ll)TGF-β-2、例えば、ベタカイン、
mm)MMP阻害薬、例えば、グリコメド(glycomed)、
nn)ホスホジエステラーゼ4(PDE4)阻害薬、例えば、RPR-122818、
oo)プリンヌクレオシドホスホリラーゼ阻害薬、例えば、9-(3-ピリジルメチル)-9-デアザグアニン、ペルデシン(BCX-34、TO-200へ合成)、
pp)α-4/β-1インテグリンアンタゴニスト、例えば、ISIS-104278、
qq)アンチセンスα4インテグリン(CD49d)、例えば、ISIS-17044、ISIS-27104、
rr)サイトカイン-誘導性物質、例えば、ヌクレオシド、ICN-17261、
ss)サイトカイン阻害薬、
tt)熱ショックタンパク質ワクチン、例えば、HSPPC-96、
uu)ニューレグリン増殖因子、例えば、GGF-2(ニューレグリン、グリア成長因子2へ合成)、
vv)カテプシンS-阻害薬、
ww)ブロピリミンアナログ、例えば、PNU-56169、PNU-63693、
xx)単球走化性タンパク質-1阻害薬、例えば、ベンズイミダゾール様MCP-1阻害薬、LKS-1456、PD-064036、PD-064126、PD-084486、PD-172084、PD-172386。
これらの組み合わせは、特定の恩恵のある作用を提供する。従ってこのような組み合わせは、前述の疾患の治療に効果がありかつ有用であることが示されている。従って、本発明は、これらの状態を治療する方法を提供する。
同時投与は、少なくとも1種の式(I)のQC阻害薬及び少なくとも1種の他の作用物質を含有する製剤の投与、又は各作用物質の個別の製剤の本質的に同時の投与を含む。
QC-阻害薬のMCP-1アンタゴニストとの組み合わせは、アルツハイマー病の治療に好ましい。
本発明に好ましいのは、NPY受容体のアンタゴニストである。
好適なNPY受容体のリガンド又はアンタゴニストは、WO 00/68197に開示されたような、3a,4,5,9b-テトラヒドロ-1h-ベンズ[e]インドール-2-イルアミン-誘導体化された化合物である。
本発明の目的に適したM1受容体アンタゴニストは、例えば、CDD-0102(Cognitive Pharmaceuticals社);セビメリン(Evoxac)(雪印乳業);NGX-267(TorreyPines Therapeutics社);サブコメリン(GlaxoSmithKline社);アルバメリン(H Lundbeck社);LY-593093(Eli Lilly社);VRTX-3(Vertex Pharmaceuticals社);WAY-132983(Wyeth社)、及びCI-101/(PD-151832)(Pfizer社)である。
(i)WO 99/61431に開示されたジペプチド-様化合物、例えば、N-バリルプロリル、O-ベンゾイルヒドロキシルアミン、アラニルピロリジン、イソロイシルチアゾリジン様L-アロ-イソロイシルチアゾリジン、L-トレオ-イソロイシルピロリジン及びそれらの塩、特にフマル酸塩、並びにL-アロ-イソロイシルピロリジン及びそれらの塩;
(ii)WO 03/002593に開示されたペプチド構造、例えばトリペプチド;
(iii)WO 03/033524に開示されたペプチジルケトン;
(vi)WO 03/040174に開示された置換アミノケトン;
(v)WO 01/14318に開示された局所的活性DP IV-阻害薬;
(vi)WO 99/67278及びWO 99/67279に開示されたDP IV-阻害薬プロドラッグ;並びに
(v)WO 03/072556及びWO 2004/099134に開示されたグルタミニルベースのDP IV-阻害薬。
PF-4360365、m266、バピネオズマブ、R-1450、Posiphen、(+)-フェンセリン、MK-0752、LY-450139、E-2012、(R)-フルルビプロフェン、AZD-103、AAB-001(バピネオズマブ)、トラミプロセート、EGb-761、TAK-070、ドキソフィリン、テオフィリン、シロミラスト、トフィミラスト、ロフルミラスト、テトミラスト、チペルカスト、イブジラスト、HT-0712、MEM-1414、オグレミラスト、リネゾリド、ブジピン、イソカルボキサジド、フェネルジン、トラニルシプロミン、インダンタドール、モクロベミド、ラサジリン、ラドスチギル、サフィナミド、ABT-239、ABT-834、GSK-189254A、シプロキシファン、JNJ-17216498、Fmoc-Ala-Pyrr-CN、Z-Phe-Pro-ベンゾチアゾール、Z-321、ONO-1603、JTP-4819、S-17092、BIBP3226;(R)-N2-(ジフェニルアセチル)-(R)-N-[1-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エチル]アルギニンアミド、セビメリン、サブコメリン、(PD-151832)、ドネペジル、リバスチグミン、(-)-フェンセリン、ラドスチギル、ガランタミン、タクリン、メトリホナート、メマンチン、トピラマート、AVP-923、EN-3231、ネラメキサン、バルサルタン、ベナゼプリル、エナラプリル、ヒドロクロロチアジド、アムロジピン、ジルチアゼム、イスラジピン、ニカルジピン、ニフェジピン、ニモジピン、ニソルジピン、ニトレンジピン、ベラパミル、アムロジピン、アセブトロール、アテノロール、ベタキソロール、ビソプロロール、カルテオロール、カルベジロール、エスモロール、ラベタロール、メトプロロール、ナドロール、オクスプレノロール、ペンブトロール、ピンドロール、プロプラノロール、ソタロール、チモロール、PLAVIX(登録商標)(クロピドグレル重硫酸塩)、PLETAL(登録商標)(シロスタゾール)、アスピリン、ZETIA(登録商標)(エゼチミブ)及びKT6-971、スタチン、アトルバスタチン、ピタバスタチン又はシムバスタチン;デキサメタゾン、クラドリビン、ラパマイシン、ビンクリスチン、タキソール、アリスキレン、C-243、ABN-912、SSR-150106、MLN-1202及びベタフェロン。
−アテローム性動脈硬化症の治療及び/又は予防のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、アトルバスタチンの組み合わせ
−再狭窄の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、免疫抑制薬、好ましくはラパマイシンの組み合わせ
−再狭窄の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、免疫抑制薬、好ましくはパクリタキセルの組み合わせ
−アルツハイマー病の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、AChE阻害薬、好ましくはドネペジルの組み合わせ
−多発性硬化症の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、インターフェロン、好ましくはAronexの組み合わせ
−多発性硬化症の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、インターフェロン、好ましくはベタフェロンの組み合わせ
−多発性硬化症の予防及び/又は治療のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、インターフェロン、好ましくはレビフの組み合わせ
−多発性硬化症の治療及び/又は予防のための、QC阻害薬、特に式(I)のQC阻害薬と、コパクソンの組み合わせ。
本発明の医薬組成物を調製するために、式(I)の化合物の少なくとも1種を、他の前述の作用物質の少なくとも1種と任意に組み合わせて、活性成分(類)として使用することができる。この活性成分(類)は、通常の医薬配合技術に従い、医薬担体と密に混合され、この担体は、例えば経口投与又は筋肉内などの非経口投与に望ましい調製物の形に応じ多種多様な形をとることができる。経口剤形での組成物の調製において、通常の医薬媒体のいずれかを使用してよい。従って、例えば懸濁剤、エリキシル剤及び液剤などの液体経口調製物に関して、好適な担体及び添加剤は、水、グリコール、油類、アルコール、香味剤、保存剤、着色剤などを含み;例えば散剤、カプセル剤、ゲルキャップ剤及び錠剤などの固形経口調製物に関しては、好適な担体及び添加剤は、デンプン、糖類、希釈剤、造粒剤、滑沢剤、結合剤、崩壊剤などを含む。錠剤及びカプセル剤が、それらの投与の容易さのために、最も有利な経口単位剤形であり、この場合固形医薬担体が明らかに使用される。望ましいならば、錠剤は、標準の技術により、糖衣されるか、又は腸溶性にコーティングされてよい。非経口に関して、担体は通常、滅菌水を含むが、例えば溶解を補助するか又は保存のためなどの他の成分を含んでよい。
本組成物は好ましくは、関連する1日用量に適した量の単位剤形である。
(合成スキーム1:)
前述の化合物は、全般的合成スキーム1に従い合成した。選択された実施例に関して、反応収量を示している。化合物の同一性は、質量分析により確認した。選択された実施例に関して、その構造は、1H-NMR及び元素分析により確認した。
全ての化合物は、hQC阻害薬としてのそれらの活性について直ちに試験した。IC50値は、合成後直接(すなわち精製せずに)試験した場合、0.01〜50μMの範囲であることがわかった。
(分取的合成)
本発明のある種の化合物は、パラレル合成に使用される本質的経路に従う分取的合成により調製した。
(全般的後処理)
適当なアミン(II)(1mmol)及びアルデヒド(II)(1mmol)を、エタノール(5ml, 無水)中で一緒にした。30分後、2-オキソ酸エステル(IV)(1mmol)を添加した。この反応液を50℃に加熱し、24時間攪拌した。溶媒の蒸発後、残渣を、クロマトグラフィー法により精製した。
これらの化合物の純度は、HPLC-MSにより決定した。DP IVに対するIC50値は、蛍光アッセイを用いて測定した。
得られた粗反応生成物を、望ましいピークで質量で誘起するサンプリングを行う、半分取的HPLC-MSを用い、自動的プロセスで精製した。
器具:
2×Varian PrepStar SD-1
1×Dionex P580ポンプ1 チャネル(MakeUP I)
1×Dionex AXP-MS (MakeUP II)
1×Dionex MSQ
1×Dionex UVD 340V-プレップフローセル
Gilson 215リキッドハンドラー
カラム:
SunFire Prep C18 OBD 5μm 19×50mm
分析的HPLC-MSによる化合物の証明は、下記の器具、カラム及び方法を用い、精製後に行った:
(化合物純度に関する分析法)
器具:
Agilent MSD 1100
カラム:
YMC ODS-A 2.1×50, 3μm
方法:
カラム流量:0.600ml/分
溶媒A:アセトニトリル、0.5%酢酸
溶媒B:90%水、10%アセトニトリル、0.5%酢酸
勾配のタイムテーブル:
UV 254nm、質量分析検出器(API-ES, 陽性)
分子量(g/mol):373.46
RT-UV254nm (分):3.05
IC50 hQC(nM):1910
分子量(g/mol):398.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.94
IC50 hQC(nM):640
分子量(g/mol):389.46
RT-UV254nm (分):2.96
IC50 hQC(nM):1234
分取的実施例番号:29
分子量(g/mol):365.44
RT-UV254nm (分):2.93
IC50 hQC(nM):1666
分子量(g/mol):339.44
RT-UV254nm (分):3.09
IC50 hQC(nM):524
分子量(g/mol):377.42
RT-UV254nm (分):2.95
IC50 hQC(nM):740
分子量(g/mol):375.43
RT-UV254nm (分):2.79
IC50 hQC(nM):1960
分子量(g/mol):412.50
RT-UV254nm (分):3.04
IC50 hQC(nM):266
分子量(g/mol):426.52
RT-UV254nm (分):3.08
IC50 hQC(nM):562
分子量(g/mol):398.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.96
IC50 hQC(nM):434
分子量(g/mol):404.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.82
IC50 hQC(nM):804
分子量(g/mol):432.91
RT-UV254nm (分):2.94
IC50 hQC(nM):134
分子量(g/mol):416.46
RT-UV254nm (分):2.98
IC50 hQC(nM):1044
分子量(g/mol):389.45
RT-UV254nm (分):2.78
IC50 hQC(nM):152
分子量(g/mol):414.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.49
IC50 hQC(nM):370
分子量(g/mol):389.45
RT-UV254nm (分):2.53
IC50 hQC(nM):88
分子量(g/mol):403.48
RT-UV254nm (分):2.97
IC50 hQC(nM):214
分子量(g/mol):381.43
RT-UV254nm (分):2.56
IC50 hQC(nM):559
分子量(g/mol):393.42
RT-UV254nm (分):2.69
IC50 hQC(nM):344
分子量(g/mol):357.46
RT-UV254nm (分):3.06
IC50 hQC(nM):1746
分子量(g/mol):383.49
RT-UV254nm (分):3.08
IC50 hQC(nM):1042
分子量(g/mol):359.49
RT-UV254nm (分):2.94
IC50 hQC(nM):588
分子量(g/mol):343.43
RT-UV254nm (分):2.96
IC50 hQC(nM):1314
分子量(g/mol):387.91
RT-UV254nm (分):3.26
IC50 hQC(nM):236
分子量(g/mol):371.46
RT-UV254nm (分):3.08
IC50 hQC(nM):1540
分子量(g/mol):369.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.89
IC50 hQC(nM):613
分子量(g/mol):369.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.92
IC50 hQC(nM):698
分子量(g/mol):365.39
RT-UV254nm (分):2.88
IC50 hQC(nM):203
分子量(g/mol):441.47
RT-UV254nm (分):2.74
IC50 hQC(nM):22.5
分子量(g/mol):400.4
IC50 hQC(nM):5.8
収量:0.112g (24%);融点:174.00℃、1H NMR δ 1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-D6): 2.35 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.38 (s, 1H, CH-N), 6.99 (dd, 3J=7.6 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.22 (dd, 3J=8.3 Hz, 4J=1.3 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.32 (t, 3J=8.0 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.53 (d, 3J=8.6 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.62 (d, 3J=9.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.78 (dd, 3J=9.0 Hz, 4J=2.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.11 (d, 3J=7.0 Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.13 (d, 4J=1.6 Hz, 1H; MS m/z 401.0 (M+H)+, 計算値:C: 66.00, H: 4.03, N:13.99;実測値:C: 50.16, H: 3.69, N: 9.22、C22H16N4O4+1.5 C2HF3O2+1.5 H2Oに相当。HPLC (254nm):保持時間2.6分(98.5%).
分子量(g/mol):417.45
IC50 hQC(nM):0.7
収量:0.05g(16%);融点:270.00℃, 分解。1H NMR δ 1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-D6): 0.66-0.71 (m, 1H, CH2), 0.77-0.84 (m, 2H, CH2), 0.89-0.95 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.91-2.95 (CH-CH2), 6.36 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.45-7.50 (m, 3H, Ar), 7.85-7.87 (m, 2H, ベンズイミド), 8.12 (d, 4J=0.9 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.03 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 418.4 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.74分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):442.48
RT-UV254nm (分):3.00
IC50 hQC(nM):4.5
分子量(g/mol):401.87
RT-UV254nm (分):2.85
IC50 hQC(nM):156
分子量(g/mol):369.33
IC50 hQC(nM):30.3
収量:0.107g (29%);融点:135℃, 1H NMR δ (500 MHz, DMSO-D6): 2.34 (s, 3 H, CH3), 6.34 (S, 1H, CH-N), 6.95-7.01 (m, 1H, Ar), 7.02-7.09 (m, 1H, Ar), 7.14 (q, 3J=8.3 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.52 (dd, 3J=9.0 Hz, 4J=1.9 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.69 (d, 3J=8.7 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.88 (d, 4J=1.7 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.03 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 369.0 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.59分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):470.36
IC50 hQC(nM):13.3
収量:0.004g (7%);融点:294℃、 1H NMR δ 0.75 (t, 3J=7.4 Hz, 3H, CH3), 0.88-1.27 (m, 4H, CH2-シクロヘキシル), 1.57-1.70 (m, 4H, CH2-シクロヘキシル), 3.08-3.13 (m, 1H, CH-シクロヘキシル), 6.09 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.19 (dd, 3J=6.2 Hz, 4J=2.1Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.34 (dd, 3J=6.7 Hz, 4J=2.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.37 (d, 3J=8.4 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.47 (d, 3J=8.7 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.58 (d, 4J=2.0 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.74 (d, 4J=2.2 Hz, 1H, Bzth), 8.20 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 369.0 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 3.39分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):391.41
RT-UV254nm (分):2.52
IC50 hQC(nM):8.7
分子量(g/mol):438.49
RT-UV254nm (分):2.79
IC50 hQC(nM):1.2
収量:0.087g (20%);融点:294℃、 1H NMR δ 0.77 (t, 3J=7.4 Hz, 3H, CH3), 1.44-1.49 (m, 2H, CH 2-CH3), 2.72 (q, 3J=6.4 Hz, 4J=1.1Hz, 2H, C(O)CH2), 6.13 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.25-7.28 (m, 1H, Ar), 7.33 (d, 3J=8.4 Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.36 (dd, 3J=8.7 Hz, 4J=2.0 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.45 (d, 3J=8.7 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.76 (dd, 3J=9.6 Hz, 4J=1.7 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.78-7.81 (m, 2H, Ar, ベンズイミド), 7.84 (d, 3J=8.5 Hz, 2H, Ar), 8.15 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.17 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.56-8.57 (m, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 439.3 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.79分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):375.35
IC50 hQC(nM):28.34
収量:0.06g (16%);融点:175℃、 1H NMR δ 2.37 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.36 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.39 (dd, 3J=9.5 Hz, 4J=1.4 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.70 (d, 3J=1.2 Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.83 (dd, 3J=9.5 Hz, 4J=0.8 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.06 (t, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.20 (d, 4J=1.1Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.11 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 376.2 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.49分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):418.46
IC50 hQC(nM):32
収量:0.162g (39%);融点:108℃、 1H NMR δ 6.95 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.16 (t, 3J=7.3 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.31 (t, 3J=7.6 Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.50 (dt, 3J=7.0 Hz, 4J=0.9 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.65 (dt, 3J=7.0 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.75-7.78 (m, 3H, 2H Ar, 1H ベンズイミド), 7.81-7.89 (m, 2H, 1H Ar, 1H ベンズイミド), 8.18 (d, 4J=1.5 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.42 (d, 4J=2.1Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.87 (d, 4J=2.1Hz, 1H, Ar), 9.26 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 10.86 (s, br., 1H, NH);MS m/z 419.6 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.90分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):403.40
RT-UV254nm(分):2.9
IC50 hQC(nM):246
収量:0.725g (18%);融点:266℃, 1H NMR δ 0.75 (t, 3J=7.4 Hz, 3H, CH3), 1.41-1.49 (m, 2H, CH2-CH3), 2.74 (t, 3J=7.2 Hz, 2H, C(O)CH2), 6.35 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.36 (dd, 3J=8.2 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.66 (s, 2H, Ar), 7.83 (d, 3J=9.4 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.01 (s, 1H, Ar), 8.18 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.99 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド);MS m/z 404.0 (IVH-H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.90分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):457.49
RT-UV254nm(分):2.83
IC50 hQC(nM):575
分子量(g/mol):430.24
IC50 hQC(nM):118
収量:0.137g (32%);融点:195℃、 1H NMR δ 0.75 2.36 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.28 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.00 (t, 3J=9.5 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.31-7.34 (m, 2H, Ar), 7.55 (d, 3J=8.7 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.65 (d, 3J=8.9 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.91 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.03 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド);MS m/z 430.1 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.77分(97%)。
分子量(g/mol):401.38
IC50 hQC(nM):11.4
収量:0.032g (8%);融点:170℃、 1H NMR δ 0.73-0.75 (m, 1H, CH2), 0.83-0.85 (m, 2H, CH2), 0.94-0.96 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.92-2.94 (CH-CH2), 6.37 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.40 (dd, 3J=9.5 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.64-7.66 (m, 2H, Ar, ベンズイミド), 7.83 (d, 3J=9.5 Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.05 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.18 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.10 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド);MS m/z 402.2 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.75分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):421.38
IC50 hQC(nM):2.6
収量:0.067g (16%);融点:150℃、 1H NMR δ 6.89 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.23 (t, 3J=7.0 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.26-7.33 (m, 1H, Ar), 7.37 (t, 3J=7.5 Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.66-7.69 (m, 3H, 2H Ar, 1H ベンズイミド), 7.78 (d, 3J=9.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.00 (d, 4J=1.5 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.16 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 10.83 (s, br., 1H, NH);MS m/z 422.1 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.6分(97%)。
分子量(g/mol):426.44
IC50 hQC(nM):1.35
収量:0.174g (41%);融点:155℃、 1H NMR δ 0.67-0.71 (m, 1H, CH2), 0.77-0.85 (m, 2H, CH2), 0.88-0.93 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.85-2.96 (CH-CH2), 6.39 (s, 1H, CH-N), 6.99 (dd, 3J=6.4 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.22 (dd, 3J=7.0 Hz, 4J=1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.31 (t, 3J=7.8 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.51 (d, 3J=8.6 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.60 (d, 3J=9.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.75 (dd, 3J=9.0 Hz, 4J=1.9 Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.09-8.11 (m, 2H, ベンズイミド), 9.03 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.53 (s, br., 1H, NH);MS m/z 427.0 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):保持時間 2.81分(100%)。
分子量(g/mol):431.39
Ki hQC (nM):3.31
収量:0.150g(46%);1H-NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD), 1.78 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.06 (s, 1H, CH-N), 6.94-7.17 (m, 3H, aro), 7.74 (s, 2H, ベンズイミド), 8.08 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.27 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)、MS m/z 342.1 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):純度100%。
分子量 (g/mol):341.3
Ki hQC (nM):11.6
収量:0.086g (23%);1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-D6, 回転異性体): 1.62, 1.66 (d, 3J=0.9 Hz, 3H, CH3), 6.08, 6.28 (s, 1H, CH-N), 6.99, 7.69 (dd, 3J=7.9 Hz, 4J=1.5 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.22, 7.39 (t, 3J=7.9 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.33, 7.44 (dd, 3J=8.9 Hz, 4J=1.8 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.50, 7.53 (dd, 3J=7.9 Hz, 4J=1.5 Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.63, 7.66 (d, 3J=8.0 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.86, 7.91 (d, 4J=1.8 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.92, 8.96 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.60, 9.72 (s, br., 1H, NH);MS m/z 374.1 (M+H)+、Fp.:162-174℃;計算値:C: 57.77, H: 3.50, N: 11.23、実測値:C: 50.40, H: 4.90, N: 8.31、C18H13Cl2N3O2+1.0 H2O+1.0 HClに相当。HPLC (254nm):純度94%。
分子量 (g/mol): 374.1
Ki hQC (nM): 14.6
収量:0.190g (53%);1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-D6, 回転異性体): 1.69 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.00, 6.04 (s, 1H, CH-N), 7.48-7.55 (m, 1H, Ar), 7.61 (dd, 3J=8.5 Hz, 4J=1.5 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 7.75, 7.80 (d, 3J=8.9 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 8.02, 8.06 (d, 4J=1.8 Hz, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.40 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.71 (s, br., 1H, NH); MS m/z 360.3 (M+H)+、Fp.:184℃;計算値:C: 60.17, H: 3.37, N: 11.69、実測値:C: 49.16, H: 4.25, N: 8.69、C18H12F3N3O2+2.0 H2O+1.0 HClに相当;HPLC (254nm):純度96%。
分子量 (g/mol):359.30
Ki hQC (nM):53.6
分子量 (g/mol):374.22
収量:0.403g (51%);1H-NMR 400 MHz, CD3OD, 1.78 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.00 (s, 1H, CH-N), 6.99-7.10 (m, 1H, aro), 7.36-7.44 (m, 1H, aro) 7.69-7.81 (3H, aro, ベンズイミド), 8.10 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.28 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド);MS m/z 404.3 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):純度97%。
分子量 (g/mol):402.21
Ki hQC (nM):33.16
収量:0.092g (26%);1H-NMR 400 MHz, CD3OD, σ:1.78-1.82 (2 s, 1H+2H, CH3), 6.35 (s, 0.4H, CH-N), 6.40 (s, 0.6H, CH-N), 6.90-7.00 (m, 0.6H, aro), 7.16-7.24 (m, 1.6H, aro) 7.68-7.79 (2H, ベンズイミド), 8.04-8.08 (2s, 0.6+0.4H, ベンズイミド), 9.28 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド);MS m/z 376.3 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):純度98%。
分子量 (g/mol):375.751
Ki: hQC (nM):55.79
収量:0.098g (28%);1H-NMR 400 MHz, CD3OD,1.81 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.17(s, 1H, CH-N), 6.72-6.83 (m, 1H, aro), 6.93-7.08 (m, 1H, aro) 7.21-7.37 (m, 1H, aro), 7.74(m, 2H, ベンズイミド), 8.07 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド), 9.28 (s, 1H, ベンズイミド)。MS m/z 342.0 (M+H)+, HPLC (254nm):純度99%。
分子量 (g/mol):341.31
Ki: hQC (nM):29.2
(実施例1:グルタミニルシクラーゼ活性のアッセイ)
蛍光分析
全ての測定値は、マイクロプレート用BioAssay Reader HTS-7000Plus(Perkin Elmer)により30℃で行った。QC活性は、H-Gln-βNAを用い、蛍光測定により評価した。試料は、最終容積250μl中において、20mM EDTA及び適宜希釈したQCアリコートを含有する0.2Mトリス/HCl(pH8.0)中の、0.2mM蛍光発生基質、0.25Uピログルタミルアミノペプチダーゼ(Unizyme、ホルショルム、デンマーク)からなった。励起/発光波長は、320/410nmであった。このアッセイ反応は、グルタミニルシクラーゼの添加により開始した。QC活性は、アッセイ条件下でのβ-ナフチルアミンの標準曲線から決定した。1単位は、説明された条件下で、1分間にH-Gln-βNAから1μmol pGlu-βNAの形成を触媒するQC量と定義されている。
この新規アッセイは、ほとんどのQC基質のための反応速度パラメータを決定するために用いた。QC活性は、補助酵素として、グルタミン酸デヒドロゲナーゼを利用する、既存の非連続アッセイを適応させることにより誘導した(Bateman, R. C. J.の論文、1989 J Neurosci Methods 30, 23-28)連続法を用い、分光光度的に分析した。試料は、最終容積250μl中に、各QC基質、0.3mM NADH、14mMα-ケトグルタル酸及び30U/mlグルタミン酸デヒドロゲナーゼからなった。反応は、QCの添加により開始し、340nmで8〜15分間吸光度の減少をモニタリングすることにより、納得した(persued)。
阻害薬の試験に関して、試料組成物は、推定阻害化合物を添加したこと以外は、先に説明したものと同じであった。QC-阻害に関する迅速試験について、試料は、各阻害薬4mM及び基質濃度1KMを含有した。阻害の詳細な研究及びKi-値の決定については、阻害薬の補助酵素に対する影響を最初に調べた。各場合において、検出されたいずれの酵素についても影響はなく、従ってQC阻害の信頼できる決定が可能であった。阻害定数は、GraFitソフトウェアを用い、プログレス曲線のセットを、競合阻害に関する一般式にフィッティングすることにより評価した。
マトリクス支援レーザー脱離/イオン化質量分析を、線形時間の飛行解析装置を備えたHewlett-Packard社G2025 LD-TOFシステムを用いて行った。この装置は、337nm窒素レーザー、電位加速源(5kV)及び1.0m飛行チューブを装備していた。検出器の操作は、陽イオンモードであり、シグナルは、パーソナルコンピュータに連結されたLeCroy 9350Mデジタル記憶オシロスコープを用い、記録し、かつフィルタリングした。試料(5μl)は、等量のマトリックス溶液と混合した。マトリックス溶液に関して、水中1mlアセトニトリル/0.1%TFA(1/1, v/v)中に、2',6'-ジヒドロキシアセトフェノン(Aldrich社)30mg及びクエン酸水素ジアンモニウム(Fluka社)44mgを溶解することにより調製した、DHAP/DAHCを使用した。少量(〜1μl)のマトリックス-被検体-混合物を、プローブチップに移し、直ちに真空チャンバー(Hewlett-Packard社G2024A試料調製アクセサリー)内で蒸発させ、迅速かつ均質な試料の結晶化を確実にした。Glu1-環化の長時間試験に関して、Aβ-由来のペプチドを、0.1M酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH5.2)又は0.1Mビス-トリス緩衝液(pH6.5)の100μl中で30℃でインキュベーションした。ペプチドを、0.5mM [Aβ(3-11)a]又は0.15mM [Aβ(3-21)a]の濃度で塗布し、0.2U QCを全部で24時間添加した。Aβ(3-21)aの場合、このアッセイは、1%DMSOを含有した。様々な時点で、試料をアッセイチューブから採取し、ペプチドをZipTips(Millipore社)を製造業者の推奨に従い用いて抽出し、マトリックス溶液(1:1v/v)と混合し、引き続き質量スペクトルを記録した。陰性対照は、QCを含まないか、又は熱で失活した酵素を含むかのいずれかであった。阻害試験に関して、試料組成物は、阻害化合物(5mM又は2mMの式(I)の試験化合物)を添加したこと以外は、先に説明したものと同じであった。
本発明は、先に引用された好ましい及びより好ましい群及び群の実施態様の全ての組み合わせを包含している。
Claims (28)
- 全ての互変異性体及び立体異性体を含む、式(I)の化合物又はそれらの医薬として許容し得る塩、又は溶媒和物:
R2は、-アルケニルアリール;-アルケニルヘテロアリール;アルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ-、-チオアルキル、-C(O)OH及び-C(O)O-アルキルから選択される1個以上の基により任意に置換されてよい、カルボシクリル;-アルキルカルボシクリル;-アルキルヘテロシクリル;アリール;ヘテロアリール;1個以上のアルキル基により任意に置換された、ヘテロシクリル;-アルキルアリール;-アルキル(アリール)2、-アルキルヘテロアリール;-アリール-ヘテロアリール;ヘテロシクリル-アリール-;-アリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-アリール;-ヘテロアリール-ヘテロアリール、及び-C(O)R4を表し;
R3は、アリール;ヘテロアリール;又は-C(O)R5を表し;
R4は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、-アルキルアリール、-アルキルヘテロアリール、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、-アルキルカルボシクリル及び-アルキルヘテロシクリルを表し;
R5は、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、-アルキルアリール、-アルキルヘテロアリール、カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリル、-アルキルカルボシクリル及び-アルキルヘテロシクリルを表し;
但し、R1が3-イミダゾール-1-イル-プロピルである場合、R3は-C(O)R5ではないことを条件とする。)。 - 前記R1が、3-イミダゾール-1-イル-プロピルを表す、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 前記R1が、1H-ベンゾイミダゾール-5-イルを表し、ここでR1が、フェニル環を介して式(I)のコアへ連結されている、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 前記R2が、1個以上のアルキル基により任意に置換されたアリール、ヘテロアリール、アリール-ヘテロアリール又はヘテロシクリルを表す、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の化合物。
- 前記R2が、ヘテロアリールを表す、請求項4記載の化合物。
- 前記R2が、アリールを表す、請求項4記載の化合物。
- 前記R2が、置換フェニルを表す、請求項6記載の化合物。
- 前記R2が、1個以上のハロゲン原子により置換されたフェニルを表す、請求項7記載の化合物。
- 前記R3が、アリール、ヘテロアリール、又は-C(O)R5を表す、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の化合物。
- 前記R3が、アリール又はヘテロアリールを表す、請求項9記載の化合物。
- 前記R3が、アリールを表す、請求項9記載の化合物。
- 前記R3が、ヘテロアリールを表す、請求項9記載の化合物。
- 前記R3が、-C(O)R5を表す、請求項9記載の化合物。
- 前記R5が、アルキルを表す、請求項13記載の化合物。
- 前記R5が、シクロアルキルを表す、請求項13記載の化合物。
- 医薬品として使用するための、請求項1〜17記載の化合物。
- 任意に1種以上の治療的に許容し得る希釈剤又は担体と組み合わせて、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物を含有する、医薬組成物。
- 神経保護薬、抗パーキンソン薬、アミロイドタンパク質沈着阻害薬、βアミロイド合成阻害薬、抗うつ薬、抗不安薬、抗精神病薬及び多発性硬化症治療薬からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物を付加的に含有する、請求項19記載の医薬組成物。
- PEP-阻害薬、LiCl、ジペプチジルアミノペプチダーゼの阻害薬、DP IV酵素又はDP IV-様酵素の阻害薬、アセチルコリンエステラーゼ(ACE)阻害薬、PIMTエンハンサー、βセクレターゼの阻害薬、γセクレターゼの阻害薬、中性エンドペプチダーゼの阻害薬、ホスホジエステラーゼ-4(PDE-4)の阻害薬、TNFα阻害薬、ムスカリン性M1受容体アンタゴニスト、NMDA受容体アンタゴニスト、シグマ-1受容体阻害薬、ヒスタミンH3アンタゴニスト、免疫調節薬、免疫抑制薬、β-アミロイド抗体、システインプロテアーゼ阻害薬、MCP-1アンタゴニスト、又はアンテグレン(ナタリズマブ)、Neurelan(ファムプリジン-SR)、カンパス(アレムツズマブ)、IR 208、NBI 5788/MSP 771(チプリモチド)、パクリタキセル、Anergix.MS(AG 284)、SH636、ディフリン(CD 271, アダパレン)、BAY 361677(インターロイキン-4)、マトリックス-メタロプロテイナーゼ-阻害薬、インターフェロン-τ(トロホブラスチン)及びSAIK-MSからなる群から選択される作用物質、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物を付加的に含有する、請求項19又は20記載の医薬組成物。
- ケネディ病、ヘリコバクターピロリ感染を伴う又は伴わない十二指腸癌、結腸直腸癌、ゾリンジャー-エリソン症候群、ヘリコバクターピロリ感染を伴う又は伴わない胃癌、病的精神病的状態、精神分裂病、不妊、新生物形成、炎症性宿主反応、癌、悪性転移、メラノーマ、乾癬、体液性及び細胞性免疫反応障害、内皮内の白血球接着及び遊走プロセス、摂食障害、睡眠-覚醒障害、エネルギー代謝の恒常性制御障害、自律神経機能障害、ホルモン平衡障害又は体液の調節障害、多発性硬化症、ギラン・バレー症候群及び慢性炎症性脱髄性多発神経根障害からなる群から選択される疾患の治療に使用するための、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物又は請求項19〜21のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- 軽度認識障害、アルツハイマー病、家族性英国型認知症、家族性デンマーク型認知症、ダウン症候群及びハンチントン舞踏病からなる群から選択される疾患の治療に使用するための、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物又は請求項19〜21のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- 関節リウマチ、アテローム性動脈硬化症、膵炎又は再狭窄からなる群から選択される疾患の治療に使用するための、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物又は請求項19〜21のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- ケネディ病、潰瘍疾患、ヘリコバクターピロリ感染を伴う又は伴わない十二指腸癌、結腸直腸癌、ゾリンジャー-エリソン症候群、ヘリコバクターピロリ感染を伴う又は伴わない胃癌、病的精神病的状態、精神分裂病、不妊、新生物形成、炎症性宿主反応、癌、悪性転移、メラノーマ、乾癬、体液性及び細胞性免疫反応障害、内皮内の白血球接着及び遊走プロセス、摂食障害、睡眠-覚醒障害、エネルギー代謝の恒常性制御障害、自律神経機能障害、ホルモン平衡障害又は体液の調節障害、多発性硬化症、ギラン・バレー症候群及び慢性炎症性脱髄性多発神経根障害からなる群から選択される疾患の治療のための医薬品の製造における、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物の使用。
- 軽度認識障害、アルツハイマー病、家族性英国型認知症、家族性デンマーク型認知症、ダウン症候群及びハンチントン舞踏病からなる群から選択される疾患の治療のための医薬品の製造における、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物の使用。
- 関節リウマチ、アテローム性動脈硬化症、膵炎又は再狭窄からなる群から選択される疾患の治療のための医薬品の製造における、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物の使用。
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US8486940B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2013-07-16 | Probiodrug Ag | Inhibitors |
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TW200716174A (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2007-05-01 | Centocor Inc | Anti-MCP-1 antibodies, compositions, methods and uses |
WO2007008541A2 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-18 | Kalypsys, Inc. | Cellular cholesterol absorption modifiers |
US20070203236A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-08-30 | Smith Jeffrey W | Novel antagonists of the human fatty acid synthase thioesterase |
GB0704100D0 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-04-11 | Vodafone Plc | Improvements in an ehspa architecture |
EP2581449B1 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2016-09-14 | Probiodrug AG | Novel genes related to glutaminyl cyclase |
US20110130397A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2011-06-02 | Soongyu Choi | Pyrrolinone compounds as inhibitors of bacterial peptidyl trna hydrolase and uses thereof |
ATE554085T1 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2012-05-15 | Probiodrug Ag | Neue inhibitoren von glutaminylcyclase |
KR20100016076A (ko) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-02-12 | 시오노기 앤드 컴파니, 리미티드 | 신규 피롤리논 유도체 및 그것을 함유하는 의약 조성물 |
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EP2089383B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
US8278345B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 |
US20090269301A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
JP5798157B2 (ja) | 2015-10-21 |
JP2010509284A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
WO2008055945A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
JP2013237688A (ja) | 2013-11-28 |
EP2089383A1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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