TWI589649B - 包含鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 - Google Patents
包含鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI589649B TWI589649B TW100115700A TW100115700A TWI589649B TW I589649 B TWI589649 B TW I589649B TW 100115700 A TW100115700 A TW 100115700A TW 100115700 A TW100115700 A TW 100115700A TW I589649 B TWI589649 B TW I589649B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- thick film
- film paste
- oxide
- paste composition
- lead
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 Pr 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940036359 bismuth oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229910006715 Li—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromoethane Chemical compound BrCCBr PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005136 cathodoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSCIDASGDAWVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl hexanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC FSCIDASGDAWVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000804 electron spin resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXUOFCUEFQCKKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-methyltridecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCO ZXUOFCUEFQCKKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEOUIRVJRXECRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O KEOUIRVJRXECRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000896 Ethulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001859 Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004813 Moessbauer spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUTDDBSSHVOYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis[(2-oxo-1,3,2$l^{5},4$l^{2}-dioxaphosphaplumbetan-2-yl)oxy]lead Chemical compound [Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O HUTDDBSSHVOYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001622 bismuth compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNMYXGKEMMVHOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC BNMYXGKEMMVHOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019326 ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012092 media component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002908 osmium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002942 palmitic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K silver phosphate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag].[Ag] VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/10—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing lead
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/10—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing lead
- C03C8/12—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing lead containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/02168—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1884—Manufacture of transparent electrodes, e.g. TCO, ITO
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
- B22F2007/047—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method non-pressurised baking of the paste or slurry containing metal powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/122—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing oxides of As, Sb, Bi, Mo, W, V, Te as glass formers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/14—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing boron
- C03C3/142—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing boron containing lead
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
本發明提供一厚膜膏,其用於印刷具有一或多個絕緣層的一太陽能電池裝置之前側。該厚膜膏包括一導電金屬或其衍生物的來源以及分散在一有機介質中的一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物。
具有p型基底之一習知的太陽能電池結構具有典型位於該電池前側(受照側)上的一負電極及位於背側上的一正電極。落在一半導體主體的p-n接面上並具有適當波長的輻射係作為一外部能量來源,以便產生電子-電洞對電荷載體。這些電子-電洞對電荷載體在p-n半導體接面所產生的電場中遷移,並由施加至半導體表面的導電柵極或金屬接點收集。所產生的電流流向外部電路。
典型使用導電膏(亦稱為墨水)來形成該導電柵極或金屬接點。導電膏典型包括一玻璃熔塊、一導電物種(例如,銀粒子)及一有機介質。為了形成該金屬接點,在一基材上將導電膏印刷為柵線或其他圖案,之後進行燒製,在這期間達成該柵線及該半導體基材間的電性接觸。
然而,結晶矽PV電池典型係以一抗反射塗膜(例如,氮化矽、氧化鈦或氧化矽)塗覆,以促進增加電池效率的光吸附作用。這類抗反射塗膜亦作為一絕緣體,其減少從基材至金屬接點的電子流動。為了克服此問題,該導電膏必須在燒製期間穿透該抗反射塗膜,以形成與該半導體基材
電性接觸的金屬接點。亦希望形成該金屬接點及該基材間之強接合(亦即,黏附力)及可焊性。
穿透該抗反射塗膜並在一經燒製後便與該基材形成強接合的能力,係高度取決於該導電膏的組成及燒製條件。效率(PV電池性能的一關鍵測量標準)亦受到在該經燒製之導電膏及該基材間所達成的電性接觸品質之影響。
為了提供具有良好效率且用於製造PV電池的一經濟方法,需要能夠在低溫燒製以穿透一抗反射塗膜,並提供與該半導體基材之良好電性接觸的厚膜膏組成物。
本發明之一實施態樣為一厚膜膏組成物,其包括:a)以該組成物之總固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬或其衍生物;b)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物;以及c)一有機介質。
本發明之另一實施態樣為一方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供一半導體基材,其包括沉積至該半導體基材之至少一表面上的一或多個絕緣薄膜;(b)將一厚膜膏組成物施加至該一或多個絕緣薄膜上,以形成一成層結構,其中該厚膜膏組成物包括:i)以固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬源;ii)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物;以及
iii)一有機介質;以及(c)燒製該半導體基材、一或多個絕緣薄膜及厚膜膏,同時形成與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸的一電極。
本發明之另一實施態樣為一物件,其包括:a)一半導體基材;b)一或多個絕緣層,其位於該半導體基材上;以及c)一電極,其與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸,該電極包括一導電金屬及一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物。
由於降低了對化石燃料的需求,所以太陽能動力光伏系統而被視為環保。
本發明提供可用於製造具有改善電性能之光伏裝置的組成物。該厚膜膏組成物包括:a)以該組成物之總固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬或其衍生物;b)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物;以及c)一有機介質。
如本文所定義,並未將該有機介質視為包括該厚膜膏組成物之固體的一部分。
導電金屬係選自由銀、銅及鈀所構成的群組。導電金屬
可為片形、球形、顆粒形、晶形、粉末或其他不規則形狀及其混合物。導電金屬可在一膠態懸浮液中提供。
當該金屬為銀時,其形式可為銀金屬、銀衍生物或其混合物。例示性衍生物包括:例如銀合金、氧化銀(Ag2O)、銀鹽類(例如,AgCl、AgNO3、AgOOCCH3(醋酸銀)、AgOOCF3(三氟醋酸銀)、正磷酸銀(Ag3PO4))。亦可使用與其他厚膜膏成分相容之其他形式的銀。
在一實施例中,導電金屬或其衍生物係為該厚膜膏組成物之固體成分的約85至約99.75重量百分比。在另一實施例中,導電金屬或其衍生物的來源係為該厚膜膏組成物之固體成分的約90至約95重量百分比。
在一實施例中,該厚膜膏組成物的固體部分包括約85至約99.5重量百分比的球形銀粒子。在一實施例中,該厚膜膏組成物的固體部分包括約85至約90重量百分比的銀粒子、及約1至約9.5重量百分比的銀片。
在一實施例中,該厚膜膏組成物包括經塗覆的導電銀粒子。適用的塗膜包括磷酸鹽及界面活性劑。適用的界面活性劑包括聚環氧乙烷、聚乙烯乙二醇、苯并三唑、聚乙烯乙二醇醋酸、月桂酸、油酸、癸酸、肉豆蔻酸、亞麻油酸、硬脂酸、軟酯酸、硬脂酸鹽類、軟脂酸鹽類及其混合物。鹽類反離子可為銨、鈉、鉀及其混合物。
銀的粒度並未受到任何特別限制。在一實施例中,平均粒度為0.5至10微米;在另一實施例中,平均粒度為1至5微米。
如本文所運用方式,「粒度」或「D50」意指「平均粒度」;「平均粒度」意謂著50%的體積分佈大小。體積分布尺寸可藉由熟悉此項技術者所瞭解的多種方法來決定,這些方法包括(但不限於)使用Microtrac之粒度分析儀(Largo,FL)的雷射繞射與分散方法。
本發明之一實施態樣係關於鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物(Pb-Te-Li-O)組成物。在一實施例中,這些組成物可為玻璃組成物。在另一實施例中,這些組成物可為結晶、部分結晶、非晶質、部分非晶質或其組合。在一實施例中,Pb-Te-Li-O組成物可包括多於一種的玻璃組成物。在一實施例中,Pb-Te-Li-O組成物可包括一玻璃組成物及一附加組成物(例如,一結晶組成物)。在本文中將使用「玻璃」或「玻璃組成物」這些詞來代表上述之非晶質及結晶材料的任何組合。
在一實施例中,本文所述的玻璃組成物包括鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物。玻璃組成物亦可包括附加成分(例如,矽、銀、錫、鉍、鋁、鈰、鋯、鈉、釩、氟、鈮、鈉、鉭、鉀、鎂、磷、硒、鈷、鈀、釕、鎳、錳、鉻之類)。
鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物(Pb-Te-Li-O)可藉由使用在此項技術中具有普通技能者所了解的技術將PbO、TeO2及Li2O(或在加熱時會分解為所需氧化物的其他材料)混合來進行製備。這類製備技術可包括在空氣或含氧大氣中加熱該混合物,以形成一熔體;將該熔體淬火;及磨碎、輾磨及/或篩選
該經淬火的材料,以提供一具有所需粒度的粉末。典型地,以800至1200℃的峰值溫度實施鉛、碲及鋰氧化物之混合物的熔化。例如,可在不鏽鋼壓板上或在反方向旋轉的不鏽鋼輥之間進行該熔化混合物的淬火,以形成一薄板。可碾磨所產生的薄板,以形成粉末。典型地,經碾磨的粉末所具有的D50為0.1至3.0微米。熟悉製造玻璃熔塊之技術者可利用替代的合成技術(例如,但不受限於,水淬火、溶膠-凝膠、噴霧熱解或其他適於製造粉末形式之玻璃的技術)。
在一實施例中,用來製造Pb-Te-Li-O的起始混合物可包括(以總起始混合物的重量為基礎):PbO,其可為35至60重量百分比、40至55重量百分比、或45至50重量百分比;TeO2,其可為40至65重量百分比、45至60重量百分比、或50至55重量百分比;及Li2O,其可為0.1至5重量百分比、0.2至3重量百分比、或0.3至1重量百分比。
在另一實施例中,除了上述的PbO、TeO2及Li2O之外,用來製造Pb-Te-Li-O的起始混合物可包括SiO2、SnO2、B2O3、Ag2O、BiF3、V2O5、Na2O、ZrO2、CeO2、Bi2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、K2O、MgO、P2O5、SeO2、Co3O4、PdO、RuO2、NiO、MnO、Cr2O3或Al2O3的一或多個。在此實施例之實施態樣中(以總起始混合物的重量為基礎):SiO2可為0至11重量百分比、0至5重量百分比、0.25至4
重量百分比、或0至0.5重量百分比;SnO2可為0至5重量百分比、0至2重量百分比、或0.5至1.5重量百分比;B2O3可為0至10重量百分比、0至5重量百分比、或0.5至5重量百分比;Ag2O可為0至30重量百分比、0至20重量百分比、3至15重量百分比、或1至8重量百分比;TiO2可為0至5重量百分比、0.25至5重量百分比、或0.25至2.5重量百分比;PbF2可為0至20重量百分比、0至15重量百分比、或5至10重量百分比;BiF3可為0至15重量百分比、0至10重量百分比、或1至10重量百分比;ZnO可為0至5重量百分比、0至3重量百分比、或2至3重量百分比;V2O5可為0至5重量百分比、0至1重量百分比、或0.5至1重量百分比;Na2O可為0至5重量百分比、0至3重量百分比或0.1至1.5重量百分比;CuO可為0至5重量百分比、0至3重量百分比、或2至3重量百分比;ZrO2可為0至3重量百分比、0至2重量百分比、或0.1至1重量百分比;CeO2可為0至5重量百分比、0至3重量百分比、或0.1至
2.5重量百分比;Bi2O3可為0至15重量百分比、0至10重量百分比、或5至8重量百分比;及Al2O3可為0至3重量百分比、0至2重量百分比、或0.1至2重量百分比。
在一實施例中,Pb-Te-Li-O可為均質粉末。在另一實施例中,Pb-Te-Li-O可為多於一種的粉末之組合,其中每一粉末分別可為均質族群。兩種粉末之總體組合的組成物可位於上述範圍內。例如,Pb-Te-Li-O可包括二或多種不同粉末的組合;這些粉末分別可具有不同組成物,且可或可不位於上述範圍內;不過,這些粉末的組合可位於上述範圍內。
在一實施例中,Pb-Te-Li-O組成物可包括一粉末,其包括含有Pb、Te、Li及O之群組之一些而非全部元素的均質粉末;及一第二粉末,其包括Pb、Te、Li及O之群組的一或多個元素。
在一實施例中,一些或全部的Li2O可以被Na2O、K2O、Cs2O或Rb2O取代,導致玻璃組成物具有類似於上文所列出之組成物的性質。在此實施例中,總鹼金屬氧化物的含量可為0至5重量百分比、0.1至3重量百分比、或0.25至3重量百分比。
在另一實施例中,本文中的一或多個玻璃熔塊組合物可包括一第三組成分的一或多個:GeO2、Ga2O3、In2O3、NiO、CoO、ZnO、CaO、MgO、SrO、MnO、BaO、
SeO2、MoO3、WO3、Y2O3、As2O3、La2O3、Nd2O3、Bi2O3、Ta2O5、V2O5、FeO、HfO2、Cr2O3、CdO、Sb2O3、PbF2、ZrO2、Mn2O3、P2O5、CuO、La2O3、Pr2O3、Nd2O3、Gd2O3、Sm2O3、Dy2O3、Eu2O3、Ho2O3、Yb2O3、Lu2O3、CeO2、BiF3、SnO、SiO2、Ag2O、Nb2O5、TiO2及金屬鹵化物(例如,NaCl、KBr、NaI、LiF)。
因此,如本文所用之「Pb-Te-Li-O」一詞亦可包括含有一或多個選自由下列所構成之群組之元素的金屬氧化物:Si、Sn、Li、Ti、Ag、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Ge、Ga、In、Ni、Zn、Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba、Se、Mo、W、Y、As、La、Nd、Co、Pr、Gd、Sm、Dy、Eu、Ho、Yb、Lu、Bi、Ta、V、Fe、Hf、Cr、Cd、Sb、Bi、F、Zr、Mn、P、Cu、Ce及Nb。
表1、2及4列出含有PbO、TeO2、Li2O及可用來製造鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物之其他選用化合物之粉末混合物的一些實例。此列表意欲作為說明而非限制之用。在表1、2及4中,以總玻璃組成物的重量為基礎,將化合物的量表示為重量百分比。
典型地,以組合粉末為基礎,PbO及TeO2粉末的混合物包括5至95莫耳百分比的氧化鉛及5至95莫耳百分比的氧化碲。在一實施例中,以組合粉末為基礎,PbO及TeO2粉末的混合物包括25至50莫耳百分比的氧化鉛及50至75莫耳百分比的氧化碲。
在本文中所敘述的玻璃組成物(亦稱為玻璃熔塊)係包括
特定的成分百分比。具體而言,該百分比為用在如本文所述的後續處理以形成一玻璃組合物之起始材料中的成分百分比。這類命名法對於熟悉此項技術者來說早為已知。換言之,該組合物含有某些成分,且那些成分的百分比以對應之氧化物形式的百分比加以呈現。如在玻璃化學這項技術中具有普通技能者所了解的,某一部分的揮發性物種可在玻璃的製造方法期間釋放。揮發物種之一實例為氧。
若以經燒製的玻璃開始,在此項技術中具有普通技能者可使用熟悉此項技術者已知的方法計算本文所述之起始成分的百分比,該些方法包括,但不限於:感應耦合電漿放射光譜儀(ICPES)、感應耦合電漿原子放射光譜儀(ICP-AES)及類似者。此外,可使用下列的例示性技術:X射線螢光光譜學(XRF);核磁共振光譜學(NMR);電子順磁共振光譜學(EPR);穆斯堡爾(Mössbauer)光譜學;電子微探針能量散佈光譜學(EDS);電子微探針波長散佈光譜學(WDS);陰極發光(CL)。
在此項技術中具有普通技能者將了解原料的選擇可能在非故意的情況下包括在處理期間所併入玻璃中的雜質。例如:雜質可以數百至數千ppm的範圍存在。
雜質的存在將不會改變玻璃、厚膜組合物或燒製裝置的性質。例如,即使該厚膜組成物包括雜質,含有該厚膜組成物的一太陽能電池仍可具有本文所述的效率。
將該厚膜膏組成物的無機成分與一有機介質混合,以形
成具有適於印刷之稠度及流變性的黏稠膏。多種惰性黏稠材料可當做有機介質使用。有機介質可以是其中無機成分在膏的製造、運送與儲存期間、及在網版印刷方法期間於印刷篩網上可以適當穩定度分散者。
適用的有機介質具有提供固體之穩定分散、用於網版印刷之適當黏度及搖變性、適當的基材及膏固體之可濕性、良好的乾燥速率及良好燒製性質的流變性質。有機介質可含有增稠劑、穩定劑、界面活性劑及/或其他常見的添加劑。有機介質可為一或多個溶劑中之一或多個聚合物的溶液。適用的聚合物包括乙基纖維素、乙基羥乙基纖維素、木松香、乙基纖維素及酚醛樹脂的混合物、低級醇的聚甲基丙烯酸鹽及乙二醇一乙酸酯的單丁基醚。適用的溶劑包括萜烯,例如,α-或β-松脂醇或其與其他溶劑(例如,煤油、鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯、丁基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇醋酸鹽、己二醇及沸點高於150℃的醇)的混合物以及醇酯。其他適用的有機介質成分包括:雙(2-(2-丁氧乙氧)乙基己二酸酯、二元酯(例如,DBE、DBE-2、DBE-3、DBE-4、DBE-5、DBE-6、DBE-9及DBE 1B)、辛基環氧樹脂酸鹽、異十四醇及氫化松香的季戊四醇酯。有機介質亦可包括揮發性液體,以在基材上施加該厚膜膏組成物後促進快速硬化。
該厚膜膏組成物中之有機介質的最佳量取決於施加該膏的方法及所用的特定有機介質。典型地,該厚膜膏組成物含有70至95重量百分比的無機成分、及5至30重量百分比
的有機介質。
若有機介質包括一聚合物,則該聚合物典型包括8至15重量百分比的有機組成物。
在一實施例中,可藉由以任何順序混合導電金屬粉末、Pb-Te-Li-O粉末及有機介質來製備厚膜膏組成物。在一些實施例中,首先混合無機材料,接著再將之加入有機介質。若有需要,可藉由添加溶劑來調整黏度。可使用提供高切力的混合方法。
本發明之另一實施態樣為一方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供一物件,其包括沉積至一半導體基材之至少一表面上的一或多個絕緣薄膜;(b)將一厚膜膏組成物施加至該一或多個絕緣薄膜的至少一部分上,以形成一成層結構,其中該厚膜膏組成物包括:i)以固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬源;ii)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物;以及iii)一有機介質;以及(c)燒製該半導體基材、一或多個絕緣薄膜及厚膜膏,在其中使該厚膜膏的該有機介質揮發,同時形成與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸的一電極。
在一實施例中,以固體重量計,該厚膜膏可按重量包括
0.25至15%、0.5至7%或1至3%之量的鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物。
在一實施例中,一半導體裝置係以包括帶有接面的一半導體基材及形成在其主表面上的一氮化矽絕緣薄膜之一物件所製成。該方法包含以下步驟:將具有穿透絕緣層能力的一厚膜膏組成物以預定形狀及厚度在預定位置施加(例如,塗覆或網版印刷)至絕緣薄膜上,之後進行燒製,致使厚膜膏組成物與絕緣薄膜起反應並穿透絕緣薄膜,從而與矽基材產生電性接觸。
此方法之一實施例繪示於圖1。
圖1A顯示單晶矽或多晶矽p型基材10。
在圖1B中,形成具有相反極性的n型擴散層20,以產生p-n接面。n型擴散層20可藉由磷(P)的熱擴散來形成,其係使用氧氯化磷(POCl3)作為磷來源。在沒有任何特別修改的情況下,n型擴散層20係形成於矽p型基材的整個表面上。擴散層的深度可藉由控制擴散溫度及時間來使之變化,且通常形成約0.3至0.5微米的厚度範圍。n型擴散層可具有每平方數十歐姆至每平方約120歐姆的薄片電阻率。
在以一光阻劑之類保護n型擴散層20的一表面後,如圖1C所示,藉由蝕刻從大部分的表面移除n型擴散層20,以便使n型擴散層20殘留在一主表面上。接著,使用一有機溶劑或類似物而移除該光阻劑。
接下來,在圖1D中,於n型擴散層20上形成亦作用如抗反射塗膜的一絕緣層30。此絕緣層通常為氮化矽,但亦可為SiNx:H薄膜(亦即,絕緣薄膜、含碳的氮化矽薄膜、含
碳的氧化矽薄膜、含碳的氮氧化矽薄膜或氧化矽/氧化鈦薄膜。厚度約700至900Å的氮化矽薄膜適用於約1.9至2.0的折射率。可藉由濺射、化學氣相沉積或其他方法來沉積絕緣層30。
接下來形成電極。如圖1E所示,將本發明的厚膜膏組成物網版印刷在絕緣薄膜30上,然後乾燥。此外,將鋁膏60及背側銀膏70網版印刷至基材的背側上,並相繼乾燥。以750至850℃的溫度實行燒製,並持續從數秒至數十分鐘的週期。
結果,如圖1F所示,在燒製期間,鋁在背側上從鋁膏擴散進入矽基材,從而形成含有高濃度鋁摻雜物的p+層40。此層通常被稱為背面電場(back surface field,BSF)層,且它有助於改善該太陽能電池之能量轉換效率。燒製過程能夠將乾燥後的鋁膏60轉換為鋁背電極61。同時燒製背側銀膏70,使之變為銀或銀/鋁背電極71。在燒製期間,背側鋁及背側銀間的邊界線呈現合金狀態,從而達成電性連接。鋁電極佔據背電極的大部分區域,部分是因為需要形成p+層40之故。在此同時,由於不可能對鋁電極進行焊接,在背側的有限區域上便形成銀或銀/鋁背電極,以作為用於經由銅條之類互連太陽能電池的一電極。
在前側上,燒結本發明之厚膜膏組成物500,並在燒製期間使之穿透絕緣薄膜30,藉此達成與n型擴散層20的電性接觸。此類型的方法通常稱為「燒穿」。此燒穿狀態(亦即,膏熔化並穿透絕緣薄膜30的程度)取決於絕緣薄膜30
的品質與厚度、膏的組成物及燒製條件。當進行燒製時,膏500變為電極501,如圖1F所示。
在一實施例中,絕緣薄膜係選自氧化鈦、氧化鋁、氮化矽、SiNx:H、氧化矽、氮氧化矽碳、含碳的氮化矽薄膜、含碳的氧化矽薄膜及氧化矽/氧化鈦薄膜。可藉由濺射、電漿增強化學氣相沉積(PECVD)或熱CVD方法來形成氮化矽薄膜。在一實施例中,藉由熱氧化、濺射或熱CVD或電漿CVD來形成氧化矽薄膜。可藉由塗覆含鈦有機液體材料至半導體基材上並燒製或藉由熱CVD來形成氧化鈦薄膜。
在此方法之一實施例中,半導體基材可為單晶或多晶矽。
適用的絕緣薄膜包括一或多個成分,其係選自:氧化鋁、氧化鈦、氮化矽、SiNx:H、氧化矽、氮氧化矽碳、含碳的氮化矽薄膜、含碳的氧化矽薄膜及氧化矽/氧化鈦薄膜。在本發明之一實施例中,絕緣薄膜為一防反射塗膜(ARC)。絕緣薄膜可施加至一半導體基材或其可自然成形(例如,在氧化矽的情況中)。
在一實施例中,絕緣薄膜包括一氮化矽層。可藉由CVD(化學氣相沉積)、PECVD(電漿增強化學氣相沉積)、濺射或其他方法來沉積氮化矽。
在一實施例中,對絕緣層的氮化矽進行處理,以移除至少一部分的氮化矽。前述處理可為化學處理。至少一部分之氮化矽的移除可導致厚膜膏組成物之導體與半導體基材之間的電性接觸獲得改善。如此可導致半導體裝置的效率
改善。
在一實施例中,絕緣薄膜的氮化矽為一抗反射塗膜的一部分。
可將厚膜膏組成物以一圖案(例如,具有連接線的匯流排棒)印刷在絕緣薄膜上。上述印刷可憑藉網版印刷、電鍍、擠出成形、噴墨、成形、多重印刷或色帶來實行。
在此電極成形方法中,將厚膜膏組成物加熱,以移除有機介質及燒結金屬粉末。加熱可在空氣或含氧大氣中實行。此步驟通常稱為「燒製。」燒製溫度輪廓典型經過設定,以便能燒盡來自乾燥厚膜膏組成物的有機黏合劑材料與任何其他存在的有機材料。在一實施例中,燒製溫度為750至950℃。可使用高傳輸速率(例如,100至600厘米/分)、以0.05至5分鐘的結果滯留時間在帶爐中實施燒製。可使用多個溫度帶(例如,3至11個溫度帶)來控制所需的熱數據曲線。
一經燒製,導電金屬及Pb-Te-Li-O混合物便穿透絕緣薄膜。穿透絕緣薄膜的結果是電極與半導體基材間的電性接觸。在燒製之後,可在半導體基材及電極間形成一中間層,其中該中間層包括碲、碲化合物、鉛、鉛化合物及矽化合物的一或多個,其中矽可來自矽基材及/或一或多個絕緣層。在燒製之後,電極包括經燒結的金屬,其接觸下方的半導體基材,且亦可接觸一或多個絕緣層。
本發明之另一實施態樣為藉由一方法所形成的一物件,該方法包含以下步驟:
(a)提供一物件,其包括沉積至一半導體基材之至少一表面上的一或多個絕緣薄膜;(b)將一厚膜膏組成物施加至該一或多個絕緣薄膜的至少一部分上,以形成一成層結構,其中該厚膜膏組成物包括:i)以固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬源;ii)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物;以及iii)一有機介質;以及(c)燒製該半導體基材、一或多個絕緣薄膜及厚膜膏,在其中使該厚膜膏的該有機介質揮發,同時形成與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸的一電極。
這類物件可用於製造光伏裝置。在一實施例中,該物件為一半導體裝置,其包括由該厚膜膏組成物所形成的一電極。在一實施例中,該電極為一前側電極,其位於一矽太陽能電池之上。在一實施例中,該物件進一步包括一背電極。
下文敘述厚膜膏組成物之說明性的製備及評估。
鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物的製備
表1中的玻璃1至7及表2和3中的玻璃之鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物的製備
表1的鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物(Pb-Te-Li-O)組成物係藉由將Pb3O4、TeO2及Li2CO3粉末混合及摻合來製備。將摻合粉
末批料裝載至鉑合金坩鍋中,接著將之插入900至1000℃且使用空氣或含O2大氣的爐中。在組分達到完全溶解之後的熱處理期間為20分鐘。接著將由組分熔解所得之結果的低黏度液體以金屬輥淬火。接著碾磨並過篩經淬火的玻璃,以提供具有D50為0.1至3.0微米的粉末。
表2的鉛-碲-氧化物(Pb-Te-Li-O)組成物係藉由將Pb3O4、TeO2及Li2CO3粉末與如表2所示之選用的SiO2、Al2O3、ZrO2、B2O3、Nb2O5、Na2CO3、Ta2O5、K2CO3、Ag2O、AgNO3、CeO2及/或SnO2混合及摻合來製備。
表1的玻璃8至14及表4的玻璃之鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物的製備將TeO2粉末(純度99+%)、PbO粉末及Li2CO3粉末(ACS試劑級,純度99+%)的混合物在適用的容器中滾磨15至30分鐘,以混合用於表1之玻璃組成物8至14的起始粉末。針對表4之組成物,將TeO2、PbO或Pb3O4及Li2CO3的混合物與如表4所示之選用的SiO2、Bi2O3、BiF3、SnO2、Al2O3、MgO、Na2O、Na2CO3、NaNO3、P2O5、磷酸鋁、磷酸鉛、SeO2、PbSeO3、Co3O4、CoO、PdO、PdCO3、Pd(NO3)2、RuO2、ZrO2、SiZrO4、V2O5、NiO、Ni(NO3)2、NiCO3、MnO、MnO2、Mn2O3、Cr2O3在適用的容器中滾磨15至30分鐘,以混合起始粉末。將起始粉末混合物放置在鉑坩堝中,並以10℃/分的加熱速率在空氣中加熱至900℃,之後在900℃保持一小時,以熔化該混合物。藉由從爐中移除鉑坩堝及將該熔體澆注至不銹鋼壓板上而使該熔體從900℃淬火。將所得的材料在研缽與研杵中研磨至小於100篩
目。接著在聚乙烯容器中以氧化鋯球及異丙醇球磨經研磨的材料,直到D50為0.5至0.7微米為止。接著將經球磨的材料與碾磨球分離、進行乾燥並使之穿過230篩目的篩網,以提供用在厚膜膏製備中的助熔劑粉末。
膏之備製
表6、7、8、9、10及11中之實例之膏的製備
一般而言,膏的製備是使用下列方法進行製備:秤重來自表5之適量的溶劑、黏合劑、樹脂及界面活性劑,並在混合壺中持續混合15分鐘,以形成有機介質。
由於Ag為主要的固體部分,故將其逐漸加入介質,以確保較佳的濕潤性。當完全混合後,以從0至250磅每平方吋(psi)的漸增壓力,使該膏重覆地通過一個三輥磨機(3-roll mill)。將輥的間隙設定為2密耳。使用Brookfield黏度計測量膏的黏度,並加入適量的溶劑及樹脂,以將膏的黏度朝230及280 Pa-sec間的目標值進行調整。以磨料細度(FOG)測量分散程度。對第四最長的連續刮痕而言,典型用於膏的FOG值小於20微米,而對50%的膏皆產生刮痕的點而言,FOG值小於10微米。
為了製造用於產生表6、7、8、9、10及11中之數據的最
終膏,將2至3重量百分比且來自表1之一熔塊混入一部分的銀膏中,並在熟悉此項技術者已知為研磨器之旋轉玻璃板間藉由切力來使之分散。或者,兩個別的膏係藉由下列方式製成:1)將適量的銀與來自表5的介質輥磨在一起;及2)將適量之來自表1的熔塊與來自表5的介質輥磨在一起。接著將適量的銀膏及熔塊膏使用行星式離心攪拌機(Thinky Corporation,Tokyo,Japan)混合在一起,以形成測試膏。
使用上述用於製造表中所列之膏組成物的方法並根據下列細節來製造表6、7、8、9、10及11之膏的實例。所測試的膏含有85至88%的銀粉末。該些實例使用D50=2.0μm的球形銀。
為了製造表10及11之最終膏,三個個別的膏係藉由下列方式製成:1)將適量的銀添加至適量之表5的媒液,再進行輥磨;2)將來自表1之適量的第一個玻璃熔塊添加至適量之表5的媒液,再進行輥磨;及3)將來自表2之適量的第二個玻璃熔塊添加至適量之表5的媒液,再進行輥磨。如表10及11中之膏組成物所示,使用行星式離心攪拌機(Thinky Corporation,Tokyo,Japan)將適量的銀膏及熔塊膏混合在一起。
表3顯示表10及11之實例的組合熔塊組成物。表3所示的組合熔塊組成物係使用表1及2的熔塊組成物並以表10及11的摻合比例計算得到的。
表12、13、14及15中之實例的厚膜膏製備
厚膜膏的有機成分及相對量在表5中給定。
將有機成分(~4.6g)放入Thinky混合罐(Thinky USA,Inc.)中,並以2000RPM持續進行2至4分鐘的Thinky混合,直到完成良好摻合為止。將無機成分(Pb-Te-Li-O粉末及銀導電粉末)在玻璃罐中進行15分鐘的滾磨混合。無機成分的總重量為44g,其中42.5至43.5g為銀粉末而0.5至1.5g為表1的Pb-Te-Li-O粉末。接著將三分之一的無機成分添加至含有有機成分的Thinky罐,並以2000RPM持續混合1分鐘。重複進行直到添加並混合所有無機成分為止。讓膏冷卻,並藉由添加溶劑之後以2000RPM持續混合1分鐘來將黏度調整至介於200及500Pa‧s之間。重複此步驟直到達到所需的黏度為止。接著以1mil的間隙進行膏的輥磨,於0psi下三次,在75psi下三次。以磨料細度(FOG)測量分散程度。對厚膜膏而言,FOG值典型等於或小於20/10。在室溫下經過24小時之後,將膏的黏度調整為介於200及320Pa‧s之間。在三分鐘之後,以10RPM在黏度計中測量黏度。每種膏的黏度均在Brookfield黏度計(Brookfield,Inc.,Middleboro,MA)上以#14的心軸及#6的杯進行測量。
太陽能電池的製備
針對表6、7、8、9、10及11中列出之實例之太陽能電池的製備
將膏施加至在p型基極上具有磷摻雜射極之1.1"×1.1"之
經切割機切割的多晶矽太陽能電池。將來自實例1及13至22的膏施加至具有65Ω/□射極的DeutscheCell(DeutscheCell,Germany)多晶晶圓,並將來自實例#2至#6的膏施加至具有55Ω/□射極的Gintech(Gintech Energy Corporation,Taiwan)多晶晶圓。藉由各向同性的酸蝕刻紋理化所用的太陽能電池,該太陽能電池並具有SiNX:H的抗反射塗膜(ARC)。如表6、7、8、9、10及11所示,針對每一試樣測量效率及填充因子。對每一種膏而言,顯示針對5至10試樣之效率及填充因子之平均值及中值的值。每一試樣係藉由使用ETP型號L555的印刷機網版印刷而製成,該印刷機係設定為膠刮速度250mm/秒。所用之篩網具有的圖案為325篩目及23μm金屬線之篩網中20μm的乳膠上具有100μm開口的11指狀線、及具有1.5mm開口的1匯流排棒。將一商業上可購得的鋁膏,杜邦(DuPont)PV381,印刷在該裝置的非受照(背)側上。
兩側具有印刷圖案的該裝置接著在一乾燥箱中以250℃的峰值溫度進行10分鐘的乾燥。接著以CF7214 Despatch 6-區紅外線爐、使用560公分/分的帶速度及550-600-650-700-800-905至945℃的溫度設定點以日光側向上的方式燒製基材。該部分的實際溫度是在處理期間量測。每一部分的預估峰值溫度為740至780℃,且每一部分均高於650℃達總計4秒的時間。接著,使用經校準的ST-1000測試儀,針對PV性能測試已完全處理過的試樣。
表12、13、14及15的實例之太陽能電池的製造
用於測試厚膜膏性能之太陽能電池係由具有65ohm/sq.之磷摻雜射極層之200微米的DeutscheCell(DeutscheCell,Germany)多晶矽晶圓所製成,其具有經酸蝕刻紋理化的表面及70nm厚的PECVD SiNx抗反射塗膜。使用鑽石多刃鋸將該晶圓切割為28mm×28mm的晶圓。在削減之後,使用AMI-Presco MSP-485網版印刷機進行晶圓的網版印刷,以提供一匯流排棒、0.254公分間距的十一個導體線、及完全接地平面之經網版印刷的鋁背側導體。在印刷及乾燥之後,於BTU國際快速熱處理帶爐中燒製電池。表12、13、14及15中所示的燒製溫度為最終、峰值區的爐設定點溫度,其約比實際晶圓溫度高出125℃。經燒製之導體線的中線寬度為120微米,且平均線高度為15微米。中線的電阻係數為3.0×10-6歐姆cm。預期28mm×28mm之電池的性能受邊緣效應的影響,而使總體太陽能電池的填充因子(FF)減少~5%。
太陽能電池性能:效率與填充因子
測試方法:針對表6、7、8、9、10及11之效率及填充因子
根據本文所述之方法建立的太陽能電池會針對轉換效率進行測試。以下提供一測試效率的例示性方法。
在一實施例中,為了測量效率,將根據本文所述之方法所建構的太陽能電池放入商用的I-V測試器(Telecom STV,型號ST-1000)中。該I-V測試器中的氙弧光燈以一已知強度(AM 1.5)模擬日光,並照射電池的正面。該測試器
使用多點接觸法,以在接近400負載電阻設定下測量電流(I)及電壓(V),以測定電池的I-V曲線。填充因子(FF)和效率(Eff)兩者是從I-V曲線計算得到的。
表12、13、14及15之實例之太陽能電池的電子測量
使用ST-1000,Telecom STV Co.的IV測試器,在25℃±1.0℃測量表12及13之實例之太陽能電池的性能。IV測試器中的氙弧光燈以一已知強度模擬日光,並照射電池的正面。測試器使用一種四點接觸方法,在約400負載電阻設定下測量電流(I)及電壓(V),以決定電池的I-V曲線。從I-V曲線計算得出太陽能電池的效率(Eff)、填充因子(FF)及串聯電阻(Rs)(未顯示針對Rs的數據)。
針對這些實例之用於效率與填充因子的中值及平均值示於表12、13、14及15中。
10‧‧‧p型矽基材
20‧‧‧n型擴散層
30‧‧‧絕緣薄膜
40‧‧‧p+層(背面電場,BSF)
60‧‧‧沉積在背側上的鋁膏
61‧‧‧鋁背電極(由燒製背側鋁膏所獲得)
70‧‧‧沉積在背側上的銀或銀/鋁膏
71‧‧‧銀或銀/鋁背電極(由燒製背側銀膏所獲得)
500‧‧‧沉積在前側上的厚膜膏
501‧‧‧前電極(由燒製該厚膜膏所獲得)
圖1A至1F為製造流程圖,其繪示一半導體裝置的製造。圖1A至1F中所示的參考數字說明如下。
10 p型矽基材
20 n型擴散層
30 絕緣薄膜
40 p+層(背面電場,BSF)
60 沉積在背側上的鋁膏
61 鋁背電極(由燒製背側鋁膏所獲得)
70 沉積在背側上的銀或銀/鋁膏
71 銀或銀/鋁背電極(由燒製背側銀膏所獲得)
500 沉積在前側上的厚膜膏
501 前電極(由燒製該厚膜膏所獲得)
10‧‧‧p型矽基材
20‧‧‧n型擴散層
30‧‧‧絕緣薄膜
40‧‧‧p+層(背面電場,BSF)
60‧‧‧沉積在背側上的鋁膏
61‧‧‧鋁背電極(由燒製背側鋁膏所獲得)
70‧‧‧沉積在背側上的銀或銀/鋁膏
71‧‧‧銀或銀/鋁背電極(由燒製背側銀膏所獲得)
500‧‧‧沉積在前側上的厚膜膏
501‧‧‧前電極(由燒製該厚膜膏所獲得)
Claims (16)
- 一種厚膜膏組成物,用於形成一光伏裝置中之一電性連接,該光伏裝置包括一半導體基材,於該半導體基材之一主表面上具有至少一絕緣層,該厚膜膏組成物包括:a)以該組成物之總固體重量計,85至99.75%之一導電金屬或其衍生物;b)以固體重量計,0.25至15%之一鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物,其中該鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物包括0.1至5重量百分比的Li2O;以及c)一有機介質,其中該厚膜膏組成物,當燒結時,係能穿透絕緣薄膜。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該導電金屬包括銀。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該鉛-碲-氧化物之鉛對碲的莫耳比係介於5/95及95/5之間。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物包括:35至60重量百分比的PbO;及40至65重量百分比的TeO2。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該有機介質包括一聚合物。
- 如請求項5所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該有機介質進一步包括一或多個添加劑,其係選自由溶劑、穩定劑、界面活性劑及增稠劑所構成的群組。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該導電金屬為該固體的90至95重量百分比。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物至少部分結晶。
- 如請求項4所述之厚膜膏組成物,其進一步包括一或多個選自由下列所構成之群組的添加劑:GeO2、Ga2O3、In2O3、NiO、CoO、ZnO、CaO、MgO、SrO、MnO、BaO、SeO2、MoO3、WO3、Y2O3、As2O3、La2O3、Nd2O3、Bi2O3、Ta2O5、V2O5、FeO、HfO2、Cr2O3、Cdo、Sb2O3、PbF2、ZrO2、Mn2O3、P2O5、CuO、La2O3、Pr2O3、Al2O3、Nd2O3、Gd2O3、Sm2O3、Dy2O3、Eu2O3、Ho2O3、Yb2O3、Lu2O3、CeO2、BiF3、SnO、SiO2、Ag2O、Nb2O5、TiO2及選自由下列所構成之群組的金屬鹵化物:NaCl、KBr、NaI及LiF。
- 如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物,其中該鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物進一步包括一或多個選自由下列所構成之群組之元素的氧化物:Si、Sn、Ti、Ag、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Ge、Ga、In、Ni、Zn、Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba、Se、Mo、W、Y、As、La、Nd、Co、Pr、Al、Gd、Sm、Dy、Eu、Ho、Yb、Lu、Bi、Ta、V、Fe、Hf、Cr、Cd、Sb、Bi、F、Zr、Mn、P、Cu、Ce及Nb。
- 一種製造半導體裝置之方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供一半導體基材,其包括沉積至該半導體基材之至少一表面上的一或多個絕緣薄膜; (b)將如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物施加至該絕緣薄膜的至少一部分上,以形成一成層結構以及(c)燒製該半導體基材、一或多個絕緣薄膜及厚膜膏,在其中使該厚膜膏的該有機介質揮發,同時形成與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸的一電極。
- 如請求項11所述之方法,其中該厚膜膏組成物係以圖案化的方式施加至該絕緣薄膜上。
- 如請求項11所述之方法,其中該燒製係在空氣或一含氧大氣中實行。
- 一種半導體之物件,其包括:(a)一半導體基材;(b)一或多個絕緣層,其位於該半導體基材上;以及(c)一電極,其與該一或多個絕緣層接觸並與該半導體基材電性接觸,該電極包括一導電金屬及鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物,其中該導電金屬及鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物係得自如請求項1所述之厚膜膏組成物。
- 如請求項14所述之物件,其中該物件為一半導體裝置。
- 如請求項15所述之物件,其中該半導體裝置為一太陽能電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US33100610P | 2010-05-04 | 2010-05-04 | |
US201161440117P | 2011-02-07 | 2011-02-07 | |
US201161445508P | 2011-02-22 | 2011-02-22 | |
US201161467003P | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201207053A TW201207053A (en) | 2012-02-16 |
TWI589649B true TWI589649B (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
Family
ID=44583755
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW100115700A TWI589649B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 包含鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 |
TW100115705A TWI498308B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含有鉛-碲-鋰-鈦-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 |
TW100115703A TWI564351B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含有鉛-碲-硼-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 |
TW100115704A TWI611428B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含鉛-及碲-氧化物之厚膜膏及其用於製造半導體裝置之用途 |
Family Applications After (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW100115705A TWI498308B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含有鉛-碲-鋰-鈦-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 |
TW100115703A TWI564351B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含有鉛-碲-硼-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 |
TW100115704A TWI611428B (zh) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | 含鉛-及碲-氧化物之厚膜膏及其用於製造半導體裝置之用途 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (12) | US8889980B2 (zh) |
EP (5) | EP2566826B1 (zh) |
JP (4) | JP5782112B2 (zh) |
KR (7) | KR101569567B1 (zh) |
CN (6) | CN107424662B (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2570133T3 (zh) |
HK (2) | HK1180295A1 (zh) |
TW (4) | TWI589649B (zh) |
WO (5) | WO2011140189A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (201)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2947481B1 (fr) | 2009-07-03 | 2011-08-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de collage cuivre-cuivre simplifie |
JP5559510B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | 昭栄化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池素子及びその製造方法 |
JP5782112B2 (ja) | 2010-05-04 | 2015-09-24 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 鉛およびテルル酸化物を含有する厚膜ペーストと半導体デバイスの製造においてのそれらの使用 |
CN103119660A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2013-05-22 | E·I·内穆尔杜邦公司 | 用于形成硅太阳能电池的银背面阳极的方法 |
US9129725B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2015-09-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition containing lithium, and articles made therefrom |
US8815636B2 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2014-08-26 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Oxides and glasses for use with aluminum back solar cell contacts |
US8709862B2 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2014-04-29 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Vanadium, cobalt and strontium additives for use in aluminum back solar cell contacts |
US9680036B2 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2017-06-13 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Organometallic and hydrocarbon additives for use with aluminum back solar cell contacts |
EP2689464A2 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-01-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
US8512463B2 (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2013-08-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film paste containing bismuth-tellurium-oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US9064616B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2015-06-23 | Shoei Chemical Inc. | Conductive paste |
US8790550B2 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-07-29 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low temperature fireable thick film silver paste |
CN105489662A (zh) * | 2011-07-19 | 2016-04-13 | 日立化成株式会社 | n型扩散层形成用组合物、n型扩散层的制造方法以及太阳能电池元件的制造方法 |
US8691119B2 (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2014-04-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film paste containing lead-tellurium-lithium-titanium-oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US8696948B2 (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2014-04-15 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film paste containing lead—tellurium—lithium—titanium—oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US8916069B2 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-12-23 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive compositions containing rhodium and Pb-Te-O and their use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US10038109B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2018-07-31 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Silver solar cell contacts |
CN102315332B (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-08-07 | 英利能源(中国)有限公司 | 太阳能电池片热处理工艺 |
US8771554B2 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2014-07-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film silver paste containing Al2O3 and lead-tellurium—oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
EP2590177B1 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2015-08-12 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken LLC | Organic vehicle for electroconductive paste |
US20130186463A1 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-07-25 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive silver paste for a metal-wrap-through silicon solar cell |
KR20130064659A (ko) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-18 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101350960B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-13 | 2014-01-16 | 한화케미칼 주식회사 | 글래스 프릿, 이를 포함하는 도전성 페이스트 조성물 및 태양전지 |
CN103204632B (zh) * | 2012-01-14 | 2015-09-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 导电玻璃粉及其制备方法、晶体硅太阳能电池铝导电浆料及制备方法 |
US20130180583A1 (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-18 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste for fine-line high-aspect-ratio screen printing in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US8952245B2 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2015-02-10 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Conductive thick film paste for solar cell contacts |
US8956557B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2015-02-17 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film silver paste containing copper and lead—tellurium—oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
WO2013115275A1 (ja) * | 2012-01-30 | 2013-08-08 | 京セラ株式会社 | 光電変換素子の製造方法および光電変換素子 |
TWI594268B (zh) | 2012-04-17 | 2017-08-01 | 賀利氏貴金屬北美康舍霍肯有限責任公司 | 用於導電膏組成物之無機反應系統 |
BR102013009357A2 (pt) | 2012-04-17 | 2015-06-23 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Sistema de reação inorgânica para uma pasta eletrocondutora, composição de pasta eletrocondutora, célula solar |
CN103915128B (zh) * | 2012-05-03 | 2016-06-08 | 苏州晶银新材料股份有限公司 | 光伏电池背电极用导电浆料 |
JP6359236B2 (ja) | 2012-05-07 | 2018-07-18 | トーカロ株式会社 | 静電チャック |
US9087937B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2015-07-21 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Glass composition and its use in conductive silver paste |
CN104364851A (zh) * | 2012-06-12 | 2015-02-18 | 赫劳斯贵金属北美康舍霍肯有限责任公司 | 具有粘附增强剂的导电浆料 |
JP5937904B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-26 | 2016-06-22 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池電極用ペースト組成物 |
JP5690780B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-18 | 2015-03-25 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | Ag電極形成用ペースト組成物とその製造方法ならびに太陽電池 |
JP6112384B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2017-04-12 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 電極形成用ガラス及びこれを用いた電極形成材料 |
US8652873B1 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-18 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick-film paste containing lead-vanadium-based oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
KR20140022511A (ko) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-25 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 페이스트, 이로부터 제조된 전극 및 이를 포함하는 태양전지 |
US8969709B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2015-03-03 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Use of a conductive composition containing lead—tellurium-based oxide in the manufacture of semiconductor devices with lightly doped emitters |
US8900488B2 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-12-02 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
US9236161B2 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2016-01-12 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
JP2014060261A (ja) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-04-03 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 導電性ペースト、太陽電池、及び太陽電池の製造方法 |
CN109065215B (zh) * | 2012-09-26 | 2021-06-18 | 贺利氏贵金属北美康舍霍肯有限责任公司 | 导电性膏以及太阳能电池 |
US10069021B2 (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2018-09-04 | Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Electro-conductive pastes with salts with an anion consisting of halogen and oxygen in solar cell applications |
JP5756447B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-07-29 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池用導電性ペースト組成物 |
KR101600652B1 (ko) * | 2012-11-12 | 2016-03-07 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101518500B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-05-11 | 제일모직주식회사 | 유리프릿, 이를 포함하는 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101557536B1 (ko) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-10-06 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
CN103915127B (zh) * | 2013-01-03 | 2017-05-24 | 上海匡宇科技股份有限公司 | 用于表面高方阻硅基太阳能电池正面银浆及其制备方法 |
JP5994650B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-16 | 2016-09-21 | 昭栄化学工業株式会社 | 保護膜形成用ガラス組成物及びその製造方法 |
CN103596648B (zh) * | 2013-02-04 | 2017-03-15 | 深圳市首骋新材料科技有限公司 | 晶体硅太阳能电池正面电极导电浆料及其制备方法 |
JP6137852B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-04 | 2017-05-31 | ナミックス株式会社 | 太陽電池の電極形成用導電性ペースト |
US9236506B2 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-01-12 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive silver paste for a metal-wrap-through silicon solar cell |
KR101587683B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-15 | 2016-01-21 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
JP6403963B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-10-10 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 太陽電池電極用焼成型ペースト、太陽電池および銀粉 |
CN103650238A (zh) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-03-19 | 深圳首创光伏有限公司 | 太阳能电池正面电极导电浆料及其制备方法 |
US20160284889A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2016-09-29 | Shoei Chemical Inc. | Conductive paste for solar cell element surface electrodes and method for manufacturing solar cell element |
CN109599450A (zh) | 2013-04-03 | 2019-04-09 | Lg电子株式会社 | 太阳能电池 |
KR101590224B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-11 | 2016-01-29 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101882525B1 (ko) | 2013-04-11 | 2018-07-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101600659B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-03-07 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101582374B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-01-04 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101590226B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-29 | 2016-01-29 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
US20140352768A1 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of manufacturing solar cell electrode |
US9246027B2 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2016-01-26 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of manufacturing solar cell electrode |
JP6018729B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-12 | 2016-11-02 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池の裏面ファイヤースルー用ペースト組成物、および太陽電池の製造方法 |
US9159864B2 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2015-10-13 | First Solar, Inc. | Back contact paste with Te enrichment and copper doping control in thin film photovoltaic devices |
KR101483875B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-01-16 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 글라스 코어기판 및 그 제조방법 |
CN104347151A (zh) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-11 | 上海匡宇电子技术有限公司 | 一种导电银浆及其制备方法 |
CN103771715B (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江光达电子科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池背面银浆用玻璃粉及其制备方法 |
US8852995B1 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-10-07 | Atomic Energy Council-Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research | Preparation method for patternization of metal electrodes in silicon solar cells |
KR101693070B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-01-04 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
US20150060742A1 (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-05 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste used for a solar cell electrode |
KR101608123B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-03-31 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
JP6142756B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-02 | 2017-06-07 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | ガラス粉末材料 |
CN103545016B (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-06-29 | 深圳市首骋新材料科技有限公司 | 晶体硅太阳能电池正面电极导电浆料及其制备方法 |
CN103545015B (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-08-24 | 深圳市首骋新材料科技有限公司 | 晶体硅太阳能电池正面电极导电浆料及其制备方法 |
CN103545017B (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏昱星新材料科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池正面电极用导电浆料及其制备方法 |
CN104575661B (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2017-09-12 | 硕禾电子材料股份有限公司 | 一种导电浆及其制造方法 |
CN103606393B (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-01-06 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种太阳能电池背银导电银浆组合物及制备方法 |
KR101659131B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-09-22 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101593754B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-02-12 | 제일모직주식회사 | 유리 프릿, 이를 포함하는 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
JP6114389B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-20 | 2017-04-12 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 導電性組成物の製造方法 |
US9240515B2 (en) | 2013-11-25 | 2016-01-19 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of manufacturing a solar cell |
CN103617843A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 江苏瑞德新能源科技有限公司 | 一种背银浆料的生产方法 |
US9793025B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2017-10-17 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
JP6242198B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-10 | 2017-12-06 | 京都エレックス株式会社 | 半導体デバイスの導電膜形成用導電性ペースト、および半導体デバイス、並びに半導体デバイスの製造方法 |
KR101780531B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-09-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
US9039937B1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2015-05-26 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Composition for solar cell electrodes and electrode fabricated using the same |
KR20150072994A (ko) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-30 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
JP5903424B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池用導電性ペースト組成物およびその製造方法 |
CN104751935A (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 湖南利德电子浆料有限公司 | 一种高方阻高效太阳能电池正面银浆及制备方法 |
CN104751939B (zh) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种晶体硅太阳能电池用铝导电浆料 |
KR101696968B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-09 | 2017-01-16 | 제일모직주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
US20150206992A1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Lead-tellurium inorganic reaction systems |
JP2015187063A (ja) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-10-29 | ヘレウス プレシャス メタルズ ノース アメリカ コンショホーケン エルエルシー | 導電性ペースト組成物のための鉛−ビスマス−テルル無機反応系 |
JP6046753B2 (ja) | 2014-01-17 | 2016-12-21 | ヘレウス プレシャス メタルズ ノース アメリカ コンショホーケン エルエルシー | 改良された接着特性を有する鉛−ビスマス−テルル−ケイ酸塩無機反応系 |
KR20150089939A (ko) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-08-05 | 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 | 유리 조성물 및 이를 이용한 태양전지용 전극 조성물 |
US20150240099A1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-08-27 | Xerox Corporation | Silver flake conductive paste ink with nickel particles |
EP2913139B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2019-04-03 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken LLC | A glass comprising molybdenum and lead in a solar cell paste |
EP2913311B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2018-08-08 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken LLC | A glass comprising tungsten and lead in a solar cell paste |
US9761348B2 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2017-09-12 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste used for solar cell electrodes |
CN103854721B (zh) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-04-13 | 中希集团有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池正面金属化银浆及其制备方法 |
CN103951262B (zh) * | 2014-04-15 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏欧耐尔新型材料有限公司 | 太阳能电池正电极用含铅碲铋玻璃浆及其制备和应用方法 |
GB201407418D0 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-06-11 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Conductive paste, electrode and solar cell |
US9209323B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-12-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste used for solar cell electrodes and method of manufacturing the solar cell electrodes |
CN105097067B (zh) * | 2014-05-15 | 2017-11-14 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | 用于形成太阳电池电极的组合物及使用其制备的电极 |
US9349883B2 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-05-24 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductor for a solar cell |
CN104118992A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏欧耐尔新型材料有限公司 | 用于太阳能高方阻浆料的玻璃粉及其制备方法 |
CN104150775A (zh) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 东华大学 | 一种用于光伏电池导电浆料的低熔点碲系玻璃及制备方法 |
CN104193166B (zh) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-08-24 | 广东风华高新科技股份有限公司 | 玻璃料及其制备方法 |
KR102219804B1 (ko) | 2014-11-04 | 2021-02-24 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 태양 전지 및 그의 제조 방법 |
KR20160057583A (ko) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
JP5856277B1 (ja) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-02-09 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池電極用ペーストおよび太陽電池セル |
JP5816738B1 (ja) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-18 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 導電性組成物 |
JP6219913B2 (ja) | 2014-11-28 | 2017-10-25 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
TWI521545B (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-02-11 | 碩禾電子材料股份有限公司 | 一種含無鉛玻璃熔塊之導電漿(二) |
TWI521546B (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-02-11 | 碩禾電子材料股份有限公司 | 一種含無鉛玻璃熔塊之導電漿(三) |
CN104455923B (zh) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-10-05 | 常熟市华懋化工设备有限公司 | 搪玻璃管件 |
JP2016115873A (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 京都エレックス株式会社 | 太陽電池電極形成用導電性ペースト、並びに、これを用いた太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール |
CN104464890A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 常熟联茂电子科技有限公司 | 一种厚膜电路电阻浆料 |
CN104464884A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 常熟联茂电子科技有限公司 | 一种有机功率电阻浆料 |
EP3040321A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-06 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken LLC | Glass compositions for electroconductive paste compositions |
CN107250075A (zh) | 2015-02-04 | 2017-10-13 | E.I.内穆尔杜邦公司 | 导电糊料组合物和用其制成的半导体装置 |
CN104692668B (zh) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-04-12 | 西北大学 | 一种太阳能电池正面电极浆料用快速结晶型玻璃粉 |
TWI532062B (zh) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-05-01 | Giga Solar Materials Corp | Conductive pulp and a method of manufacturing the same |
JP2016213284A (ja) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-12-15 | 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 | Perc型太陽電池用アルミニウムペースト組成物 |
WO2016193209A1 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | Basf Se | Conductive paste and process for forming an electrode on a p-type emitter on an n-type base semiconductor substrate |
JP6580383B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 | 2019-09-25 | ナミックス株式会社 | 導電性ペースト、太陽電池及び太陽電池の製造方法 |
KR102272433B1 (ko) | 2015-06-30 | 2021-07-05 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 태양 전지 및 이의 제조 방법 |
JP5990315B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-09-14 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 導電性組成物 |
KR102507404B1 (ko) * | 2015-09-25 | 2023-03-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 태양전지 전극용 결정질 분말, 이의 페이스트 조성물과 태양전지 |
KR101693840B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-01-09 | 대주전자재료 주식회사 | 태양전지 전면전극용 페이스트 조성물 및 이를 이용한 태양전지 |
KR101940170B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-01-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극과 태양전지 |
US9741878B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2017-08-22 | PLANT PV, Inc. | Solar cells and modules with fired multilayer stacks |
CN105632589A (zh) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-01 | 苏州开元民生科技股份有限公司 | 一种高储热晶硅太阳能背电极银浆及其制备方法 |
US20170291846A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Halogenide containing glasses in metallization pastes for silicon solar cells |
US10134925B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2018-11-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
DE102017003604A1 (de) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Leitfähige Pastenzusammensetzung und damit angefertigte Halbleitervorrichtungen |
WO2018026402A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-08 | Ferro Corporation | Passivation glasses for semiconductor devices |
CN109074895B (zh) * | 2016-08-16 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江凯盈新材料有限公司 | 用于硅太阳能电池中正面金属化的厚膜浆料 |
KR102515836B1 (ko) | 2016-09-21 | 2023-03-31 | 사이트렐리스 바이오시스템즈, 인크. | 미용 피부 리설페이싱용 디바이스 및 방법 |
US10741300B2 (en) | 2016-10-07 | 2020-08-11 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
US10593439B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2020-03-17 | Dupont Electronics, Inc. | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
KR20180046808A (ko) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-09 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 전극 |
KR101853417B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-02 | 엘에스니꼬동제련 주식회사 | 태양전지 전극용 도전성 페이스트 조성물 및 이를 사용하여 제조된 전극을 포함하는 태양전지 |
MY190562A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2022-04-27 | Zhejiang Kaiying New Mat Co Ltd | Interdigitated back contact metal-insulator-semiconductor solar cell with printed oxide tunnel junctions |
WO2018112743A1 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | Zhejiang Kaiying New Materials Co., Ltd. | Siloxane-containing solar cell metallization pastes |
US20200048140A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2020-02-13 | Basf Se | Glass frit, conductive paste and use of the conductive paste |
US10115505B2 (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-10-30 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Chip resistor |
US9847437B1 (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-12-19 | Jiun Pyng You | Method of forming conductive electrode grids over silicon wafer surfaces |
TWI745562B (zh) * | 2017-04-18 | 2021-11-11 | 美商太陽帕斯特有限責任公司 | 導電糊料組成物及用其製成的半導體裝置 |
KR102290565B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-28 | 2021-08-18 | 한국전자기술연구원 | 적층구조체 및 그의 제조방법 |
TWI638793B (zh) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-10-21 | 碩禾電子材料股份有限公司 | 用於太陽能電池的導電漿、太陽能電池及其製造方法以及太陽能電池模組 |
CN107274963B (zh) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳磐汩新能源有限公司 | 硅太阳能电池正面导电银浆及其制备方法 |
KR101972384B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-08-19 | 대주전자재료 주식회사 | 태양전지 전면전극용 페이스트 조성물 및 이의 제조방법 |
US10040717B1 (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-08-07 | Jiangxi Jiayin Science and Technology, Ltd. | Thick-film paste with multiple discrete frits and methods for contacting crystalline silicon solar cell emitter surfaces |
CN107759092B (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江光达电子科技有限公司 | 一种用于背钝化晶体硅太阳能电池背面银浆的无铅玻璃粉及其制备方法 |
CN111183491B (zh) * | 2017-10-03 | 2021-08-31 | 昭荣化学工业株式会社 | 太阳能电池电极形成用导电性糊剂 |
CN107746184B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-11-24 | 苏州晶银新材料股份有限公司 | 一种玻璃粉组合物及含有其的导电银浆和制备方法 |
CN107759093B (zh) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-05-22 | 常州聚和新材料股份有限公司 | 一种高方阻浅结晶硅太阳能电池用玻璃料及其制备方法和浆料 |
CN107812527B (zh) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-08-07 | 南京大学(苏州)高新技术研究院 | 一种粉末催化材料、含石墨相氮化碳复合纳米催化材料的制备及应用 |
WO2019183932A1 (zh) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | 深圳市首骋新材料科技有限公司 | 晶硅太阳能电池正面导电浆料及其制备方法和太阳能电池 |
WO2019183931A1 (zh) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | 深圳市首骋新材料科技有限公司 | 晶硅太阳能电池正面导电浆料及其制备方法和太阳能电池 |
FR3080708B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-04-24 | Silec Cable | Isolateur pour une extremite de cable |
JP2019214494A (ja) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | 国立大学法人 鹿児島大学 | ガラス、ガラスペースト、及びガラスの製造方法 |
CN110808304A (zh) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-02-18 | 张伟 | 一种带有图案的光伏组件及其制备方法 |
US11152640B2 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2021-10-19 | University Of Maryland | Lithium bismuth oxide compounds as Li super-ionic conductor, solid electrolyte, and coating layer for Li metal battery and Li-ion battery |
KR102316662B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-10 | 2021-10-25 | 창저우 퓨전 뉴 머티리얼 씨오. 엘티디. | 태양전지 전극 형성 방법, 이로부터 제조된 태양전지 전극 및 태양전지 |
CN109336594B (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-10-01 | 贵州振华电子信息产业技术研究有限公司 | 低电容变化率压电陶瓷元件、压电陶瓷及其制作方法 |
CN111302636A (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 苏州晶银新材料股份有限公司 | 一种玻璃粉组合物及含有其的导电银浆和太阳能电池 |
CN111302620A (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 苏州晶银新材料股份有限公司 | 一种玻璃粉组合物及含有其的导电银浆和太阳能电池 |
CN111354503A (zh) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-06-30 | 东泰高科装备科技有限公司 | 一种柔性薄膜太阳能电池组件用导电银浆及其制备方法 |
TWI697015B (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-06-21 | 南韓商大州電子材料股份有限公司 | 太陽能電池前電極用糊劑組合物及其製備方法 |
CN110015851A (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-16 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | 一种用于制备太阳能电池银浆的玻璃粉及其应用 |
CN110002758A (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-12 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | 用于太阳能电池银浆的玻璃粉、银浆及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109970347A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-05 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种提高锂离子电池性能的TeO2-V2O5-CuO微晶玻璃负极材料 |
CN110092577B (zh) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-03-22 | 张学新 | 一种高硼硅红色玻璃管的制备方法 |
US10749045B1 (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2020-08-18 | Zhejiang Kaiying New Materials Co., Ltd. | Solar cell side surface interconnects |
US10622502B1 (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2020-04-14 | Zhejiang Kaiying New Materials Co., Ltd. | Solar cell edge interconnects |
WO2020238367A1 (zh) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-03 | 常州聚和新材料股份有限公司 | 一种导电性浆料及由其制备的太阳能电池及制造方法 |
CN110342827A (zh) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江中希电子科技有限公司 | 一种低温改性玻璃粉及其在正面双层钝化Perc电池中的应用 |
CN110305523A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-08 | 黄山市晶特美新材料有限公司 | 一种丝印抗冲击玻璃油墨及其制备方法 |
CN110467448B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-12-07 | 安徽建筑大学 | 一种适于流延成型的纳米ntc陶瓷粉体及流延膜的制备方法 |
CN110451805B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-11-26 | 成都光明光电有限责任公司 | 封接玻璃 |
KR102238252B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-09 | 주식회사 베이스 | 글라스 프릿 및 이를 포함하는 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 조성물 |
KR102283727B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-08-02 | 박태호 | 글라스 프릿 및 이를 포함하는 태양전지 전극용 페이스트 조성물 |
CN111768892B (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-12-21 | 西安宏星电子浆料科技股份有限公司 | 一种氮化铝基体用耐酸可电镀型导体浆料 |
CN111848165B (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-04-09 | 深圳见炬科技有限公司 | 一种p型碲化铋热电材料及其制备方法 |
CN112028487A (zh) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-04 | 广东四通集团股份有限公司 | 一种耐磨釉面日用瓷器釉料的制备方法 |
CN112635593B (zh) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-05-24 | 东北电力大学 | 一种全锑基薄膜太阳电池及其制备方法 |
CN113072303A (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江奕成科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池导电银浆用玻璃粉形貌改变方法 |
CN112992401B (zh) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-03 | 西安宏星电子浆料科技股份有限公司 | 一种可无损调阻的电阻浆料 |
KR102680599B1 (ko) * | 2021-10-19 | 2024-07-02 | 주식회사 휘닉스에이엠 | 태양 전지 전극 형성용 유리 프릿 조성물, 이를 사용하여 형성된 태양 전지용 전극, 및 상기 전극을 포함하는 태양 전지 |
CN114133231A (zh) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳顺络电子股份有限公司 | 镍锌铁氧体材料及其制造方法 |
CN114283963B (zh) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏索特电子材料有限公司 | 导电浆料组合物及其制备方法和应用、晶硅太阳能电池 |
CN114409248B (zh) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏日御光伏新材料科技有限公司 | 一种低热损的碲-锂-硅-锆体系玻璃料及其导电浆料与应用 |
KR102693714B1 (ko) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-08-09 | 주식회사 휘닉스에이엠 | 태양 전지 전극 형성용 유리 프릿 조성물, 이를 사용하여 형성된 태양 전지용 전극, 및 상기 전극을 포함하는 태양 전지 |
CN115504769B (zh) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-11-03 | 无锡市高宇晟新材料科技有限公司 | 微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法、应用 |
CN116741431B (zh) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-14 | 常州聚和新材料股份有限公司 | 一种适配N型TOPCon电池背面薄Poly层的细栅银浆及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (93)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB736073A (en) * | 1955-01-26 | 1955-08-31 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in glass compositions |
JPS5480596A (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Varistor |
US4293451A (en) | 1978-06-08 | 1981-10-06 | Bernd Ross | Screenable contact structure and method for semiconductor devices |
US4401767A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1983-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Silver-filled glass |
JPS5933869A (ja) | 1982-08-20 | 1984-02-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 半導体装置用電極材料 |
JPS60140880A (ja) | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 太陽電池の製造方法 |
JPS6236040A (ja) | 1985-08-08 | 1987-02-17 | Iwaki Glass Kk | 低融点封着用硝子 |
JPH01138150A (ja) | 1987-11-25 | 1989-05-31 | Ohara Inc | 低融性ガラス |
US4945071A (en) | 1989-04-19 | 1990-07-31 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Company | Low softening point metallic oxide glasses suitable for use in electronic applications |
JPH03218943A (ja) | 1989-11-28 | 1991-09-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 封着ガラス |
US5245492A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1993-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Magnetic head |
JPH04270140A (ja) | 1990-06-21 | 1992-09-25 | Johnson Matthey Inc | シーリングガラス組成物および導電性成分を含む同組成物 |
US5066621A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1991-11-19 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Sealing glass composition and electrically conductive formulation containing same |
US5013697A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1991-05-07 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Sealing glass compositions |
GB9015072D0 (en) | 1990-07-09 | 1990-08-29 | Cookson Group Plc | Glass composition |
US5118362A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1992-06-02 | Mobil Solar Energy Corporation | Electrical contacts and methods of manufacturing same |
JPH0762557B2 (ja) | 1991-07-02 | 1995-07-05 | 株式会社ノーリツ | 空気調和機の据付装置 |
US5240884A (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1993-08-31 | Johnson Matthey, Inc. | Silver-glass die attach paste |
JP3148303B2 (ja) | 1991-10-18 | 2001-03-19 | 株式会社住田光学ガラス | 耐熱耐真空用光学繊維束の製造方法 |
US5188990A (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-02-23 | Vlsi Packaging Materials | Low temperature sealing glass compositions |
JPH05175254A (ja) | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-13 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 低融点接着組成物 |
WO1993017438A1 (fr) * | 1992-02-25 | 1993-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Galvanoresistance a l'oxyde de zinc et son procede de production |
JPH05259201A (ja) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-10-08 | Nec Corp | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
US5334558A (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1994-08-02 | Diemat, Inc. | Low temperature glass with improved thermal stress properties and method of use |
US5663109A (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1997-09-02 | Quantum Materials, Inc. | Low temperature glass paste with high metal to glass ratio |
US5336644A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1994-08-09 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Sealing glass compositions |
JPH0897011A (ja) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-04-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 酸化亜鉛バリスタ用電極材料 |
JP3541070B2 (ja) | 1994-11-15 | 2004-07-07 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 自動車ガラスの厚膜導電体ペースト |
JP3624482B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-22 | 2005-03-02 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 導電性ペーストおよびそれを用いた蛍光表示管 |
US5820639A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-10-13 | Bolder Technologies Corporation | Method of manufacturing lead acid cell paste having tin compounds |
JPH10340621A (ja) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-22 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 導体ペースト |
JP3740251B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-09 | 2006-02-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
EP1192118A4 (en) | 1999-06-11 | 2002-11-04 | Merck & Co Inc | METHOD FOR PRODUCING 1- (3,5-BIS (TRIFLUORMETHYL) -PHENYL) ETHAN-1-ON |
JP2001284754A (ja) | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-12 | Kyocera Corp | ガラスセラミック回路基板 |
JP2001313400A (ja) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-09 | Kyocera Corp | 太陽電池素子の形成方法 |
JP4487596B2 (ja) | 2004-02-27 | 2010-06-23 | Tdk株式会社 | 積層セラミック電子部品用の積層体ユニットの製造方法 |
JP4846219B2 (ja) | 2004-09-24 | 2011-12-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 結晶シリコン太陽電池の製造方法 |
US20060102228A1 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Ferro Corporation | Method of making solar cell contacts |
US7494607B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2009-02-24 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electroconductive thick film composition(s), electrode(s), and semiconductor device(s) formed therefrom |
US7435361B2 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2008-10-14 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive compositions and processes for use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US7556748B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2009-07-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of manufacture of semiconductor device and conductive compositions used therein |
US7462304B2 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2008-12-09 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive compositions used in the manufacture of semiconductor device |
US8093491B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2012-01-10 | Ferro Corporation | Lead free solar cell contacts |
US7771623B2 (en) | 2005-06-07 | 2010-08-10 | E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Dupont (UK) Limited | Aluminum thick film composition(s), electrode(s), semiconductor device(s) and methods of making thereof |
KR100685845B1 (ko) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-02-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기전계 발광표시장치 및 그 제조방법 |
PL1997813T3 (pl) | 2006-03-10 | 2010-10-29 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Podstawiony związek izoksazolinowy i środek zwalczający szkodniki |
EP2015367A4 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2011-10-05 | Sharp Kk | ELECTRO-CONDUCTIVE PASTE FOR A SOLAR BATTERY ELECTRODE |
US7783195B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2010-08-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Llc | Format converter with smart multitap with digital forward and reverse |
JP4918182B2 (ja) | 2006-09-26 | 2012-04-18 | Hoya株式会社 | ガラス成形体の製造方法及び製造装置、並びに光学素子の製造方法 |
CN101164943A (zh) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | 北京印刷学院 | 一种用作电子浆料组成中粘接相的无铅碲酸盐低熔玻璃 |
CN100408256C (zh) * | 2006-11-26 | 2008-08-06 | 常熟市华银焊料有限公司 | 一种含镓、铟、镍和铈的无镉银钎料 |
EP2104147B1 (en) | 2006-12-26 | 2015-04-15 | Kyocera Corporation | Solar cell element and solar cell element manufacturing method |
KR100787463B1 (ko) | 2007-01-05 | 2007-12-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 글래스 프릿, 실링재 형성용 조성물, 발광 장치 및 발광 장치의 제조방법 |
JP5220335B2 (ja) | 2007-04-11 | 2013-06-26 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Soi基板の製造方法 |
US7731868B2 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2010-06-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film conductive composition and process for use in the manufacture of semiconductor device |
WO2008134417A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2008-11-06 | Ferro Corporation | Thick film conductor formulations comprising silver and nickel or silver and nickel alloys and solar cells made therefrom |
JP5272373B2 (ja) | 2007-10-17 | 2013-08-28 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 多結晶Si太陽電池 |
JP2009099871A (ja) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-05-07 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | リードフレーム及びその製造方法並びに樹脂封止型半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
WO2009052356A2 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive compositions and processes for use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US7736546B2 (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2010-06-15 | Basf Se | Glass frits |
JP5525714B2 (ja) | 2008-02-08 | 2014-06-18 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | ガラス組成物 |
JP2011517117A (ja) * | 2008-04-09 | 2011-05-26 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 伝導性組成物、および半導体デバイスの製造における使用方法 |
US7608206B1 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-27 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours & Company | Non-lead resistor composition |
US8158504B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2012-04-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive compositions and processes for use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices—organic medium components |
CN101828267B (zh) | 2008-08-07 | 2013-10-23 | 京都一来电子化学股份有限公司 | 太阳能电池元件的电极形成用导电性糊料及太阳能电池元件以及该太阳能电池元件的制造方法 |
JP5414409B2 (ja) | 2009-01-16 | 2014-02-12 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | 低融点ガラス組成物、それを用いた低温封着材料及び電子部品 |
KR101683239B1 (ko) | 2009-03-27 | 2016-12-09 | 히타치가세이가부시끼가이샤 | 유리 조성물 및 그것을 사용한 도전성 페이스트 조성물, 전극 배선 부재와 전자 부품 |
KR101269710B1 (ko) | 2009-03-27 | 2013-05-30 | 가부시키가이샤 히타치세이사쿠쇼 | 도전성 페이스트 및 그것을 사용한 전극 배선을 구비하는 전자 부품 |
JP5567785B2 (ja) | 2009-03-31 | 2014-08-06 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 導電性組成物及びそれを用いた太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP2010251645A (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Namics Corp | 太陽電池及びその電極形成用導電性ペースト |
WO2010123967A2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-10-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Glass compositions used in conductors for photovoltaic cells |
US7910393B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2011-03-22 | Innovalight, Inc. | Methods for forming a dual-doped emitter on a silicon substrate with a sub-critical shear thinning nanoparticle fluid |
JP2011018425A (ja) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Showa Denko Kk | 磁気記録媒体の製造方法及び磁気記録再生装置 |
JP5559509B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | 昭栄化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池電極形成用導電性ペースト |
JP5559510B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | 昭栄化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池素子及びその製造方法 |
US9054242B2 (en) | 2010-02-08 | 2015-06-09 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the production of a MWT silicon solar cell |
JP5782112B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-04 | 2015-09-24 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 鉛およびテルル酸化物を含有する厚膜ペーストと半導体デバイスの製造においてのそれらの使用 |
WO2012099877A1 (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-26 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Electroconductive paste compositions and solar cell electrodes and contacts made therefrom |
US20130049148A1 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2013-02-28 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
JP5048142B2 (ja) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-10-17 | 日本電産コパル株式会社 | カメラ装置 |
EP2689464A2 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2014-01-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition and semiconductor devices made therewith |
US8512463B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2013-08-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film paste containing bismuth-tellurium-oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US8696948B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2014-04-15 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film paste containing lead—tellurium—lithium—titanium—oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US8771554B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2014-07-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film silver paste containing Al2O3 and lead-tellurium—oxide and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US9023254B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2015-05-05 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thick film silver paste and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
US20130186463A1 (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2013-07-25 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive silver paste for a metal-wrap-through silicon solar cell |
CN102496404B (zh) | 2011-12-27 | 2013-10-30 | 华东理工大学 | 一种高效晶硅太阳电池用电极银浆 |
US9087937B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2015-07-21 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Glass composition and its use in conductive silver paste |
US8969709B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2015-03-03 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Use of a conductive composition containing lead—tellurium-based oxide in the manufacture of semiconductor devices with lightly doped emitters |
JP5756447B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2015-07-29 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 太陽電池用導電性ペースト組成物 |
JP2015216355A (ja) | 2014-04-23 | 2015-12-03 | 日東電工株式会社 | 波長変換部材およびその製造方法 |
CN104726085A (zh) | 2014-07-02 | 2015-06-24 | 济南大学 | 一种核壳结构量子点复合纳米晶荧光探针及制备方法 |
TWI745562B (zh) | 2017-04-18 | 2021-11-11 | 美商太陽帕斯特有限責任公司 | 導電糊料組成物及用其製成的半導體裝置 |
-
2011
- 2011-05-04 JP JP2013509214A patent/JP5782112B2/ja active Active
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201710681515.6A patent/CN107424662B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-04 ES ES11731163T patent/ES2570133T3/es active Active
- 2011-05-04 WO PCT/US2011/035139 patent/WO2011140189A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-04 WO PCT/US2011/035167 patent/WO2011140205A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020127031580A patent/KR101569567B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-04 EP EP11731539.0A patent/EP2566826B1/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 WO PCT/US2011/035131 patent/WO2011140185A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020157032496A patent/KR20150133297A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-04 TW TW100115700A patent/TWI589649B/zh active
- 2011-05-04 TW TW100115705A patent/TWI498308B/zh active
- 2011-05-04 EP EP16154516.5A patent/EP3070062A1/en active Pending
- 2011-05-04 EP EP11731163.9A patent/EP2566824B1/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 EP EP11731537.4A patent/EP2566825B1/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 WO PCT/US2011/035145 patent/WO2011140192A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-04 US US13/100,563 patent/US8889980B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 JP JP2013509212A patent/JP5480448B2/ja active Active
- 2011-05-04 WO PCT/US2011/035154 patent/WO2011140197A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-04 US US13/100,550 patent/US8895843B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 TW TW100115703A patent/TWI564351B/zh active
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020127031579A patent/KR101569566B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201180032359.1A patent/CN102958861B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-04 EP EP11731162.1A patent/EP2566823B1/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 US US13/100,533 patent/US8497420B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 JP JP2013509210A patent/JP5746325B2/ja active Active
- 2011-05-04 JP JP2013509209A patent/JP5711359B2/ja active Active
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020127031581A patent/KR101569568B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020197034102A patent/KR102177050B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201180032701.8A patent/CN102971268B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020127031582A patent/KR20130016346A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-04 US US13/100,540 patent/US8889979B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-04 US US13/100,619 patent/US20110232747A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201180031225.8A patent/CN103038186B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-04 TW TW100115704A patent/TWI611428B/zh active
- 2011-05-04 KR KR1020187010658A patent/KR102048388B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201811172520.5A patent/CN109014180B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-04 CN CN201180031184.2A patent/CN102947235B/zh active Active
-
2013
- 2013-03-13 US US13/801,248 patent/US9722100B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-13 US US13/801,036 patent/US20130255769A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-13 US US13/800,592 patent/US10069020B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-13 US US13/800,861 patent/US10559703B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-25 HK HK13107433.5A patent/HK1180295A1/zh unknown
- 2013-07-09 HK HK13107991.9A patent/HK1180672A1/zh unknown
-
2017
- 2017-06-23 US US15/631,005 patent/US10468542B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-02-13 US US15/895,067 patent/US11043605B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-09-20 US US16/577,602 patent/US11158746B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI589649B (zh) | 包含鉛-碲-鋰-氧化物之厚膜膏及其在半導體裝置之製造中的用途 | |
JP6185232B2 (ja) | 低濃度ドーピングのエミッタを備えた半導体デバイスの製造における、鉛−テルルをベースとする酸化物を含有する導電性組成物の使用 | |
JP5576517B2 (ja) | 銅および鉛・テルル酸化物を含有する厚膜銀ペーストならびに半導体デバイスの製造におけるその使用 | |
JP2014032946A (ja) | 鉛−バナジウムをベースとする酸化物を含有する厚膜ペースト、および半導体デバイスの製造におけるその使用 |