TW201511197A - 具有整合式承載表面的微電子封裝 - Google Patents

具有整合式承載表面的微電子封裝 Download PDF

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TW201511197A
TW201511197A TW103127154A TW103127154A TW201511197A TW 201511197 A TW201511197 A TW 201511197A TW 103127154 A TW103127154 A TW 103127154A TW 103127154 A TW103127154 A TW 103127154A TW 201511197 A TW201511197 A TW 201511197A
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wire
metal
conductive
bonding tool
component
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Ilyas Mohammed
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Invensas Corp
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Abstract

用於形成具有一自由端部的一打線之一種方法包含:接合一金屬打線的一端部至在一第一元件的一表面處的一導電元件,金屬打線的端部緊鄰於一接合工具的一表面,接合工具相鄰於一孔,金屬打線延伸通過孔。從孔拉出金屬打線的一預定長度。使用接合工具的表面來塑性地變形在接合工具的表面與第一元件的表面處的一金屬元件之間的金屬打線的一區域。接合工具之後施加張力至金屬打線,以導致具有端部接合於導電元件之金屬打線的一第一部分從在塑性地變形的區域處的金屬打線的一剩餘部分分離。

Description

具有整合式承載表面的微電子封裝
本案為一種微電子封裝,尤指一種具有整合式承載表面的微電子封裝。
例如半導體晶片的微電子裝置通常需要許多對於其他電子元件的輸入與輸出連接。半導體晶片或其他類似裝置的輸入與輸出接點通常設置成類似格柵的型態,其實質上覆蓋裝置的表面(通常稱為「區域陣列」),或者設置成伸長的列,其可延伸平行於裝置的前表面的每一邊緣且相鄰於每一邊緣,或在前表面的中心中。通常,例如晶片的裝置必須實體安裝於基板上(例如印刷電路板),且裝置的接點必須電連接於電路板的導電結構。
半導體晶片通常設置於封裝中,封裝促進在製造期間以及在安裝晶片於外部基板上(例如電路板或其他電路平板)的期間晶片的處理。例如,許多半導體晶片設置於適於表面安裝的封裝中。已經提出此種一般類型的數種封裝來用於多種應用。最一般的,此種封裝包含介電質元件(通 常稱為「晶片載體」),具有形成為板狀或蝕刻金屬結構的端子在介電質上。這些端子通常藉由例如沿著晶片載體本身延伸的細線路之特徵以及藉由延伸於晶片接點與端子或線路之間的細引線或導線,而連接於晶片本身的接點。在表面安裝操作中,封裝係置於電路板上,使得封裝上的每一端子對準於電路板上的對應接墊。焊錫或其他接合材料設置於端子與接墊之間。藉由加熱組件來熔化或「迴焊」焊錫或者活化接合材料,封裝可永久地接合在定位。
許多封裝包含焊錫塊係為焊錫球的形式,通常直徑為大約0.1mm與大約0.8mm(5與30密爾)之間,附接於封裝的端子。具有焊錫球陣列從其底表面突伸的封裝通常稱為球柵陣列或「BGA(ball grid array)」封裝。其他封裝(稱為平面柵格陣列或「LGA(land grid array)」封裝)藉由形成自焊錫的薄層或平面而固定至基板。此種封裝可以很精小。一些封裝(通常稱為「晶片級封裝」)占據電路平板的面積係等於(或僅稍微大於)封裝中所併入的裝置的面積。這是有利的,因為它減小組件的整體尺寸,並且允許使用基板上的各種裝置之間的短互連,這接著限制了裝置之間的信號傳輸時間,且因此促成組件以高速操作。
已封裝的半導體晶片通常設置成「堆疊」的配置,其中例如提供一封裝於電路板上,且另一封裝係安裝於第一封裝的頂部上。這些配置可允許多個不同的晶片安裝於電路板上的單一面積內,且藉由提供封裝之間的短互連,可另外促成高速操作。通常,此互連距離僅稍微大於晶片本身的厚度。為了達成晶片封裝的堆疊內的互連,需要在每一封裝的兩側上(除了最頂部的封裝之外)提供用於機械與電連接的結構。這已經實行, 例如藉由提供接觸墊或平面於安裝有晶片之基板的兩側上,接墊藉由導電通孔或類似者而連接通過基板。已經使用焊錫球或類似者來橋接下基板的頂部上的接點至下個較高基板的底部上的接點之間的縫隙。焊錫球必須高於晶片的高度,以連接接點。堆疊式晶片配置與互連結構的範例係提供於美國專利申請案公開號第2010/0232129號中(「’129公開案」),其揭示內容在此以引用之方式將其全部併入。
伸長柱或接腳形式的微接觸元件可用於連接微電子封裝至電路板,並且用於微電子封裝中的其他連接。在一些實例中,藉由蝕刻金屬結構來形成微接觸,金屬結構包含一或更多個金屬層來形成微接觸。蝕刻處理會限制微接觸的尺寸。傳統的蝕刻處理通常無法形成具有高度對最大寬度的大比率之微接觸,本文稱為「縱橫比」。很難或不可能形成微接觸陣列係具有可感知的高度與相鄰微接觸之間的超小間距或間隔。另外,藉由傳統的蝕刻處理所形成的微接觸的結構係受限的。已經發展出多種封裝,其使用打線來取代用於互連微電子封裝的伸長柱或接腳。但是,形成此種打線的速度與準確性有相當的挑戰性,特別是關於打線的端部的定位與一致高度。
本揭示案的一形式係關於用於形成具有一自由端部的一打線之一種方法。方法包含:接合一金屬打線的一端部至在一第一元件的一表面處的一導電元件,金屬打線的端部緊鄰於一接合工具的一表面,接合工具相鄰於一孔,金屬打線延伸通過孔;以及從孔拉出金屬打線的一預定 長度。之後,使用接合工具的表面來塑性地變形在表面與第一元件的表面處的一金屬元件之間的金屬打線的一區域。方法之後包含:使用接合工具來施加張力至金屬打線,以導致具有端部接合於導電元件之金屬打線的一第一部分從在塑性地變形的區域處的金屬打線的一剩餘部分分離,其中第一部分形成一打線,打線從接合端部延伸至遠離導電元件的打線的一自由端部。
在一範例中,金屬元件可為包含於第一元件內的一導電電路結構的一部分。導電電路結構的部分係選自一線路、一接墊、一電鍍線、一電源面、與一接地面之至少一者。
接合工具可為一瓷嘴(capillary),且表面可為瓷嘴的一面。在一範例中,接合工具可為一接合楔形物,且表面可為接合楔形物的一面。
方法可另包含:移動接合工具至金屬元件之上的一位置,使得打線的長度的一部分係在表面與金屬元件之間。接合工具的移動可之後用於表面與接合端部之間的打線的一部分中的一第一彎曲。在施加壓力的步驟之後,方法可另包含:移動接合工具至一預定位置,預定位置緊鄰於打線的自由端部的一特定位置,藉此形成相鄰於接合端部的打線的一部分中的一第二彎曲。施加張力的步驟可導致第一彎曲的至少部分強化。在另一範例中,施加壓力與施加張力的步驟可賦予打線的一形狀,使得打線界定自由端部與基部之間的一軸,打線被彎曲,以延伸遠離一平面上的軸,全部的打線係實質上定位於在軸的單一側上的平面上。
金屬打線的塑性地變形的區域可界定一軸,軸係以至少一方向從打線的一相鄰部分的一軸位移。
導電元件可為在基板的表面處的複數導電元件之一者,且金屬元件可為在基板的表面處的複數金屬元件之一者。在此種範例中,施加張力的步驟可形成另一端部於打線的剩餘部分上,且方法可包含重複接合、拉出、塑性地變形、與施加張力的步驟,以形成複數打線係從至少一些導電元件延伸遠離至遠離導電元件的個別自由端部。此種方法可另包含形成一介電質封裝層,以至少部分覆蓋基板的表面與打線的部分,使得打線的未封裝部分係藉由打線未被封裝層覆蓋的至少端部而界定。
本揭示案的另一形式係關於用於製造一微電子封裝的一種方法。方法包含形成複數打線於一處理中的單元上。處理中的單元包含一基板,基板具有一第一表面與遠離處的一第二表面,複數導電元件係曝露於第一表面處,且複數金屬元件在基板的表面處並且界定為與導電元件分離。至少一些打線的形成包含:接合一金屬打線的一端部至導電元件的一者,金屬打線的端部緊鄰於一接合工具的一表面,接合工具相鄰於一孔,金屬打線延伸通過孔。形成另包含:從孔拉出金屬打線的一預定長度,且之後使用接合工具的表面來塑性地變形在表面與金屬元件的一者之間的金屬打線的一區域。使用接合工具,來施加張力至金屬打線,以導致具有端部接合於導電元件之金屬打線的一第一部分從在塑性地變形的區域處的金屬打線的一剩餘部分分離。第一部分形成一打線,打線從接合端部延伸至遠離導電元件的打線的一自由端部。之後形成一介電質封裝層於處理中的單元上。封裝層係形成為至少部分覆蓋第一表面與打線的部分,使得打線的未封裝部分係藉由未被封裝層覆蓋的打線的至少端部而界定。
方法可另包含:安裝一微電子元件至基板,且電互連微電子 元件於至少一些導電元件。
在一範例中,至少一些打線的形成可包含:在施加張力的步驟之前,形成一彎曲於打線段。在另一範例中,從剩餘部分分離的打線的第一部分可形成打線的尖部,其上界定了端部。在此種範例中,打線可界定基部與尖部之間的一第一直徑,且尖部可具有至少一維度係小於個別第一直徑。
本揭示案的另一形式係關於一種微電子封裝,其包含一基板,基板具有一第一表面;在第一表面處的複數導電元件;以及曝露於第一表面處並且界定為與導電元件分離的複數金屬元件。封裝另包含複數打線,其具有第一端部係接合於至少一些導電元件並且從處延伸遠離至遠離導電元件的個別自由端部。一介電質封裝層至少部分覆蓋基板的表面且完全覆蓋金屬元件。介電質封裝層另外覆蓋打線的部分,使得打線的未封裝部分係藉由打線未被封裝層覆蓋的至少自由端部而界定。
微電子封裝可另包含一微電子元件係安裝於基板上並且電連接於至少一些導電元件。
在一範例中,打線的至少一者可界定自由端部與其基部之間的一軸。此種打線可彎曲,以延伸遠離一平面上的軸,其中全部的打線係實質上定位於在軸的單一側上的平面上。
至少一些金屬元件可與在複數導電金屬接墊中的至少一些導電元件為單一件,使得金屬元件係界定為藉由延伸超過導電金屬接墊的部分而與導電元件分離,導電金屬接墊的部分的尺寸係用於接收打線的基部於其上。額外地或替代地,金屬元件可另外界定為藉由具有小於導電元 件的一直徑之一寬度而與導電元件分離。至少一些金屬元件可具有打線標記於其上。另外,至少一些打線可包含接合工具標記於其上。
10、10’‧‧‧微電子組件
12‧‧‧基板
14‧‧‧第一表面
15‧‧‧導電元件
16‧‧‧第二表面
17‧‧‧導電元件
18‧‧‧第一區域
20‧‧‧第二區域
22‧‧‧微電子元件
23‧‧‧接點
24‧‧‧主要表面
25‧‧‧導電凸塊
26‧‧‧承載部
28、28a、28b、28c‧‧‧導電元件
30‧‧‧接觸部
32‧‧‧打線
34‧‧‧基部
35‧‧‧基部端部
36‧‧‧自由端部
37‧‧‧邊緣表面
38‧‧‧端部表面
40‧‧‧端子
41‧‧‧通孔
42‧‧‧封裝層
44‧‧‧主要表面
46‧‧‧線路
48‧‧‧承載片
50‧‧‧軸
52‧‧‧第一部分
54‧‧‧第二部分
56‧‧‧頂峰部
58‧‧‧角度
60‧‧‧軸
62‧‧‧尖部
70‧‧‧瓷嘴
72、72’‧‧‧前端部
74‧‧‧打線
76‧‧‧面
78‧‧‧區域
110‧‧‧組件
112‧‧‧基板
114‧‧‧第一表面
116‧‧‧第二表面
122‧‧‧微電子元件
126‧‧‧承載部
128a、128b、128c‧‧‧導電元件
132a‧‧‧打線
134a、134B‧‧‧基部
136、136A‧‧‧端部
138‧‧‧端部
144‧‧‧表面
170‧‧‧瓷嘴
174‧‧‧打線
210‧‧‧微電子組件
232‧‧‧打線
234‧‧‧基部
236‧‧‧端部
248‧‧‧彎曲部分
第1圖為本案較佳實施例之微電子封裝,其包含複數打線於其上;第2圖為類似第1圖的微電子封裝之示意側部示意圖;第3圖為第1圖的微電子封裝的詳細示意圖;第4-9圖為本案較佳實施例之另一製造方法的各種步驟期間的微電子封裝;第10A-10C圖係各種打線的詳細示意圖,其可根據本揭示案的方法來製造,並且可包含於類似於第2圖的微電子封裝之微電子封裝中;第11圖係第10A圖所示的打線的部分的進一步詳細視圖;第12與13圖本案的另一實施例,替代的製造方法的各種步驟期間的微電子封裝。
第14圖為一種系統,包含本案所述的微電子封裝。
請參照圖式,其中類似的元件符號係用於表示類似的特徵,根據本發明的實施例,第1圖為微電子組件10。第1圖的實施例係已封裝微電子元件之微電子組件,例如用於電腦或其他電子應用的半導體晶片組件。
第1與2圖的微電子組件10包含基板12,基板12具有第一表面 14與第二表面16。基板12通常為介電質元件,實質平坦。介電質元件為薄片狀。在特定的實施例中,介電質元件可包含一或更多層的有機介電質材料或複合介電質材料,例如(但不限於):聚酰亞胺、聚四氟乙烯("PTFE",polytetrafluoro-ethylene)、環氧樹脂、環氧樹脂-玻璃、FR-4、BT樹脂、熱塑膠、或熱固性塑膠材料。第一表面14與第二表面16彼此平行,並且分隔一距離,垂直於表面14、16之距離界定基板12厚度。基板12的厚度在一般可接受的厚度範圍內,以用於特定應用。在一實施例中,第一表面14與第二表面16之間的距離係在大約25與500μm之間。針對此討論的目的,第一表面14之敘述可定位成相對或遠離第二表面16。此種敘述以及參考此種元件的垂直或水平位置而在本文所用的元件的相對位置的任何其他敘述係僅為了例示的目的,以對應於圖式內的元件的位置,且並非限制。
在一範例中,基板12分成第一區域18與第二區域20。第一區域18位於第二區域20之間,並且包含基板12的中心部分,且從中心向外延伸。第二區域20圍繞第一區域18並且延伸至基板12的外部邊緣。在此實施例中,基板本身沒有具體的分成兩區域;但是,標示區域係為了本文相關於應用至其或包含於其中的處理或特徵之討論的目的。
微電子元件22可安裝於第一區域18內的基板12的第一表面14。微電子元件22可為半導體晶片或另外的相似裝置。在第1圖的實施例中,微電子元件22係以熟知為「覆晶」或面向下的配置而安裝於第一表面14,其中微電子元件22上的接點23可面向第一區域18內的導電元件17並且藉由導電凸塊25(例如,焊錫凸塊、微柱、或類似者)而連接於導電元件17,導電凸塊25位於微電子元件22之下。在另外的配置中,微電子元件可 面向上安裝於基板上,且可藉由延伸於基板的面向外表面之上的打線引線而電連接於晶片上的導電結構。在此種範例中,打線引線可通過基板中的開孔並且可藉由包覆成型來封裝。在另一範例中,微電子元件可用傳統或「面向上」的方式安裝。在此種配置中,打線引線(未圖示)可用於電連接微電子元件至在第一表面14處的複數導電元件28的一些導電元件28。此種打線引線也可接合於基板12內的線路46或其他導電結構,線路46或其他導電結構接著連接至導電元件28。
導電元件28係在基板12的第一表面14處並且包含個別的接觸部30。當在本說明書中使用時,當導電元件為在具有介電質結構的另一元件的表面「處」時,表示導電結構可用於接觸於一理論點,理論點移動於垂直於介電質結構的表面的方向中、從介電質結構外部朝向介電質結構的表面。因此,在介電質結構的表面處的端子或其他導電結構可從此種表面突伸;可齊平於此種表面;或可相對於此種表面凹陷且透過介電質中的孔或凹部而曝露。
導電元件28可為平坦且薄的元件,其中接觸部30係在基板12的第一表面14處。導電元件28可為固體金屬材料,例如銅、金、鎳、或此種應用可接受的其他材料,包含包含有銅、金、鎳、或其組合之一或更多者的各種合金。在一範例中,導電元件28可為圓形,且可互連於彼此之間或藉由線路(未圖示)互連至微電子元件22。
如同第3圖的詳細視圖所示,至少一些導電元件28可另包含承載部26,承載部26也在基板12的第一表面14處。承載部26可連接接觸部30且從接觸部30向外延伸或相鄰於接觸部30,且可提供額外的金屬表面或 區域來用於組件10的額外特徵的製造,如同下面將討論的。接觸部30與承載部26兩者在至少一些導電元件28內的配置使導電元件28有長形的形狀,例如橢圓形、圓角的矩形、梨子或茄子形狀的配置。其他形狀與配置也可以實行下面敘述的承載部26的功能。做為另外的替代例,一些導電元件28可僅包含承載部26而沒有接觸部30,且可出現在基板12的表面14處,基板12的表面14之導電元件28可同時包含接觸部30與承載部26兩者,或僅包含接觸部30。
導電元件28可形成在基板12的第二區域20內。另外,在一些範例中,一些導電元件17可形成於第一區域18內。當以第1與2圖的覆晶配置來安裝微電子元件22時,此種配置特別有用。在此種範例中,導電元件15可沒有承載部。
至少一些導電元件28可互連基板12的第二表面16處之對應的端子40(例如導電接墊)。使用基板12中的通孔41,可完成此種互連,通孔41可為有襯裡者,或充填有導電金屬,充填導電金屬與導電元件28,40相同的材料。選擇性地,導電元件40可藉由基板12上的線路而另外互連。
微電子組件10另包含複數打線32,打線32接合至接觸部30的一些導電元件28。打線32在基部34處接合至導電元件28並且延伸至基部34與基板12的對應自由端部36。打線32的端部36的位置不是固定的,因為它們不連接或接合至微電子元件22或微電子組件10內的任何其他導電結構,導電結構接著連接至微電子元件22。換句話說,自由端部36可用於電連接(直接或間接地(如同透過焊錫球或本文討論的其他特徵))連接至組件10外部的元件的導電結構,例如另一個此種組件10、微電子元件、或微 電子封裝。事實上,端部36藉由例如封裝層42(繪示在第2圖中)固定位置中或者接合或電連接至另一外部元件並不表示它們就此固定。反之,基部34才是固定的,因為基部34直接或間接地電連接於微電子元件22。如第2圖所示,基部34形狀為圓的,打線32位於基部34與端部36之間,端部36從邊緣表面(例如,如同第10A-C圖所示)向外延伸。基部34的特定尺寸與形狀可根據下述來改變:打線32的材料類型、打線32與導電元件28之間的連接的特定強度、或打線32的特定處理。打線32方法係敘述於Otremba的美國專利第7,391,121號以及美國專利申請案公開號第2012/0280386(「'386公開案」)號與第2005/0095835號(「'835公開案」,其敘述可視為打線的一種形式之楔形接合)中,其內容在此引用併入。替代的配置也可能將打線32接合至基板12的第二表面16上的導電元件。
打線32可為導電材料,例如銅、金、鎳、焊錫、鋁或類似者。另外,打線32可為材料之組合,例如導電材料(例如銅或鋁)的核心之上施加有塗覆。塗覆可為第二導電材料,例如鋁、鎳或類似者。另外,塗覆可為絕緣材料,例如絕緣護套。在一範例中,打線32可具有大約15μm與150μm之間的厚度(亦即,在橫越打線的長度之維度中)。在其他範例中,包含使用楔形接合,打線32可具有高達大約500μm的厚度。通常,使用專門的設備將打線形成於導電元件上,例如接觸部30內的導電元件28。
關於打線的形成,打線時前端要壓低並加熱,以接合表面,一般而言,可形成球或球狀的基部34來接合導電元件28的表面。打線線段的長度係從接合工具拉出,接合工具可之後在特定長度處切斷打線。楔形接合(其可用於鋁的打線,舉例來說)係一種處理,其中打線的加熱部分 被拖拉橫越接收表面,以形成大體上平行於表面的楔形物。楔形接合的打線可之後向上彎曲(若需要的話),且在切斷之前延伸至特定長度或位置。在特定的實施例中,打線的橫剖面可為圓柱形。另外,從工具饋送來的打線(打線或楔形接合的打線)可具有多邊形的橫剖面,例如矩形或梯形,舉例來說。
打線32的自由端部36具有端部表面38。端部表面38至少形成陣列接點的一部分,陣列接點係由複數打線32的個別端部表面38所形成。第1圖之接點陣列為端部表面38所形成的範例樣式。此種陣列可為區域陣列配置,其變化型可使用本案所述的結構來實施。此種陣列可電性與機械性連接微電子組件10至另一微電子結構(例如至印刷電路板(PCB))或至其他已封裝的微電子元件。在此種堆疊配置中,打線32與導電元件28可傳送多個電子信號,各具有不同的信號電位,以允許不同的信號被單一堆疊中的不同微電子元件處理(在一範例中,導電元件28可利用延伸通過基板12的通孔(未圖示)而連接於第二表面16處的額外接點,或者導電元件28本身可為通孔)。焊錫塊可用於互連此種堆疊中的微電子組件,例如藉由電性與機械性附接端部表面至導電元件。使用具有打線的曝露端部陣列之微電子組件的範例堆疊配置係顯示與敘述在例如’386公開案中。
微電子組件10另包含封裝層42,封裝層42由介電質材料形成。如第2圖所示,封裝層42延伸於基板12的第一表面14的部份未被微電子元件22或導電元件28占據或覆蓋。相似的,封裝層42延伸於導電元件28的部分,包含未被打線32的基部34覆蓋的接觸部30的區域與承載部26。封裝層42也可覆蓋微電子元件22、打線32(包含基部34與其邊緣表面37的至少 一部分)。打線32的一部分可維持未被微封裝層42覆蓋,其可稱為未封裝部,藉此使打線可用於電連接位於封裝層42外部的元件或結構。如圖所示,表面(例如封裝層42的主要表面44)可間隔於基板12的第一表面14一距離,距離足夠大來覆蓋微電子元件22。因此,微電子組件10的範例(其中打線32的端部38齊平於表面44)將包含高於微電子元件22的打線32以及用於覆晶連接的任何下方的焊錫凸塊。但是,也可能用於封裝層42的其他配置。例如,封裝層可具有多個表面係具有變化的高度。在此種配置中,表面44(其內定位有端部38)可高於或低於微電子元件22上表面。
封裝層42用以保護微電子組件10內的其他元件,特別是打線32。這允許更穩固耐用的結構,其較不可能在測試時、或者運輸或組裝至其他微電子結構的期間受到損傷。封裝層42可由絕緣特性的介電質材料形成,例如美國專利申請案公開號第2010/0232129號中所述,其內容在此引用併入。
第2圖的打線32的範例(其進一步詳細繪示在第10A與11圖中)界定特定的曲線形狀,藉由使用導電元件28的承載部26來製作打線32的處理,可賦予曲線形狀至打線32。此種方法進一步連結第4-9圖敘述於下。打線32的路徑係從端部表面38沿著軸50對準於打線32的基部端部35,基部端部35緊鄰於基部34。在第2與10A圖的打線32的範例中,軸大體上垂直於接觸部30,使得端部表面38位於基部端部35之上。此種配置對於陣列中的複數打線32有用,其中封裝層42主要表面44上的連接陣列具有大體上匹配於打線32所個別接合之導電元件28之間距。在此種配置中,軸50相對於接觸部30可有一角度,使得端部表面38稍微從基部端部35偏移,但是仍舊位 於基部34之上。在此種範例中,軸50相對於接觸部30可以有85°至90°的角度。
打線32之配置可使得其第一部分52(其上界定了端部表面38)大體上沿著軸50的一部分延伸。第一部分52之長度係為打線32的總長度大約10%與50%之間(如同軸50的長度界定的,舉例來說)。打線32的第二部分54為曲線狀或彎曲,從相鄰於第一部分52的位置偏離軸延伸至頂峰部56,頂峰部56間隔軸50。第二部分54進一步彎曲,沿著軸50定位在基部端部35或附近的位置,且從基部端部35到頂峰部56也延伸偏離軸50。注意,第一部分52不需要是直的或完全沿著軸50,且可有某種程度的彎曲或變化。另須注意,第一部分52與第二部分54之間突然或平順的轉折係因本身可以彎曲。但是注意,第2與10A圖的打線32(包含第二部分54)係另外配置於,與軸50相同的單一平面上。
另外,打線32的第一部分52與第二部分54之配置,使得不相交於軸50之其任何部分係都在軸50的一側上。亦即,第一與第二部分52,54的一些部分可在第二部分54界定的彎曲形狀的頂峰部56相反之軸50的一側上;但是,任何此部分在軸50相交之打線32的區域中。換句話說,打線32的第一與第二部分52與54之配置,不完全橫越軸50,使得第一與第二部分52與54僅在軸50的單一側上。在第10A圖的範例中,打線32所呈現的平面如圖的頁面。
第10B與10C圖為打線32的範例,其中端部36不直接位於其個別基部34上。亦即,基板12的第一表面14有兩個橫向方向(以實質上界定一平面),打線32的端部36可從基部34的對應橫向方向,位移於其中一橫向方向。如第10B與10C圖所示,打線32如第10A圖的形狀,且端部36係對 準於緊鄰其基部34之打線32的部分,以界定軸50。打線32可包含延伸於軸50的第一部分52以及彎曲的第二部分54,在其單一側上間隔於軸50的頂峰部56,以界定沿著軸50延伸的平面。但是,第10B與10C圖的打線32之配置,可使得軸50相對於接觸部30成一角度,例如小於85°。在另一範例中,角度58可為大約30°與75°之間。
打線32可使得第二部分54內的頂峰部56在角度58外(如第10B圖所示)或在角度58內(如第10C圖所示)。另外,軸50可相對於接觸部30成一角度,使得打線32的端部表面38在相對於接觸部30的多個橫向方向中橫向位移。在此例中,第二部分54與軸50所界定的平面本身相對於接觸部30及/或第一表面14可成一角度。此角度可等於或不同於角度58。亦即,端部36相對於基部34的位移可在兩橫向方向中,且各方向的位移可為相同或不同的距離。
在整個組件10中,打線32可以不同方向與不等數量來配置。此配置允許組件10在表面44層上,相對於基板12層,可以有不同架構的陣列。例如,陣列在表面44上可比在第一表面14的位準處覆蓋較小的整體區域或具有較小的間距,相較於基板12的第一表面14。另外,一些打線32之端部38係定位於微電子元件22之上,以調節不同尺寸的已封裝微電子元件的堆疊配置。在另一範例中,示於第19圖中,打線132可配置成使得一個打線132A的端部136A係實質上定位於另一個打線134B的基部134B之上,打線134B的端部132B係定位於別處。此種配置可稱為改變接點陣列內的接點端部表面136的相對位置,相較於在第二表面116上的對應接點陣列的位置來說。在此種陣列內,接點端部表面的相對位置之改變或變化,取決於微電 子組件的應用或其他要求。
第4圖為微電子組件210的另外實施例,其具有打線232,打線232具有相對於基部234橫移位置的端部236。在第4圖的實施例中,打線132藉由彎曲部分248達成此橫移。彎曲部分248可在打線處理期間於額外的步驟中形成,且當打線部分被拉出特定長度時發生。此步驟可使用打線設備來實行,其可包含使用單一機器。
在第2圖的組件10的變化例中,打線32可有角度,如同第10B圖、第10C圖所示或其組合,使得打線32的至少一些端部36延伸進微電子元件22的主要表面24上的區域中。此種區域可藉由微電子元件22的外部周邊來界定並且可從處延伸向上。
如第11圖所示,至少一些打線的自由端部36可具有非對稱的配置,打線32的尖部62上的端部表面38係窄於其鄰近部分(至少在一方向中)。藉由製造自由端部36的處理,自由端部36的窄尖部62可賦予在打線32上,其範例另外討論於下。如同所示,窄尖部62可偏移,使得軸50可從打線32中心軸60偏移。另外,端部表面38的尖心64(Centroid)可沿著軸60,使得它從相鄰的打線部分偏移。打線32的尖部62也可在垂直於第11圖所示的維度之方向中變窄,或可為與打線32的相鄰部分相同的寬度,或可為較寬。
第4圖至第9圖為微電子組件10的製造方法的各步驟的微電子組件10。第4圖的微電子組件10’,其中微電子元件22已經在第一區域18與第一表面14電性與機械性連接至基板12,如第1圖與第2圖所述。第4圖之打線工具的瓷嘴70緊鄰基板12的第一表面14。瓷嘴70以及相關接合工具(未圖示)可大體上為上面敘述的那種,且可配置來加熱打線74的前端部72與 對準瓷嘴70(以及打線74的前端部72)於導電元件28的接觸部30,而形成複數連續的打線於組件中,打線74的前端部72通過瓷嘴70且對準瓷嘴70。藉由適當地移動瓷嘴70將已加熱的自由端部72壓抵接觸部30,之後形成打線的基部34z以接合至接觸部30,如第5圖。
打線74的長度已經從瓷嘴70抽拉出,以打線要形成的高度之適當距離,延伸於基板12的表面14之後(第6圖),切斷打線74並且適當地定位。如第7圖,藉由移動瓷嘴70至導電元件28的承載部26之上的位置,開始切斷與定位。如第7圖,瓷嘴70定位在相同導電元件的承載部26上,其中基部34接合於接觸部30內。下面討論其他範例,其中瓷嘴70定位在另一導電元件28的承載部26之上,包含只有承載部26的導電元件28。在瓷嘴70適當地定位之後,它朝向承載表面26擠壓,其中承載表面26與瓷嘴70的面76之間的打線74的部分可從打線74向外延伸。之後施加壓力至打線,以移動面76朝向接觸部30,這將壓縮打線74於其間,導致區域78中的打線74的塑性變形,例如打線的平坦化或壓縮。透過此種變形,打線74的區域78變得比打線74的任一側上的剩餘部分更不牢固,且比基部34與接觸部30之間的接合更不牢固。例如,相對於打線74的任一側上的打線74的剩餘部分,區域78可稍微平坦化、壓縮、或扭曲。
在打線74的區域78的變形之後,瓷嘴70之後朝向將形成打線32的自由端部36之最終特定位置移動回去,如第8圖。此位置可直接在基部34之上,或者稍微偏移,參考第10B圖與第10C圖所述。瓷嘴70的位置可大致在自由端部36的特定橫向區域中,且可以比特定的最終位置剛好有點比較靠近第一表面14。另外,打線可維持部分彎曲,形狀係類似於上面討論 的第一部分52與第二部分54的最終打線32的形狀。
瓷嘴70可之後移動離開表面14,以施加張力至瓷嘴70與基部34之間的打線74段(其可夾持或固定於瓷嘴70內)。此張力導致打線74在區域78內斷裂,如同第9圖所示,打線74之區域78分開後,可形成打線32與自由端部32的尖部62(其中界定端部表面38)。區域78的剩餘部分維持在打線74的新的前端部72’上。可以重複這些步驟於基板12的表面14處的其他導電元件28上,以形成打線32陣列。
根據上面討論,使用導電元件28的承載部26可以提供特定的表面,形成打線32的期間,可在特定的表面上形成打線74的區域78。使用導電元件30是有利的,因為做成導電元件30的金屬材料比基板12的材料更堅硬,因此,在瓷嘴70的施力下,較不易受損傷。另外,藉由導電元件28或承載表面26,可維持特定接觸部30的整體性。例如,打線74相抵於承載部26的壓縮,可導致其上的表面刮擦,這可能負面影響基部34與接觸部30之間的接合的強度,如果此種刮擦存在於其上的話。
導電元件28的承載部26之配置,可來用以壓抵打線74,如上所述,承載部26的形狀係基於使用涉及之因素而異。例如,承載部26之定位可相對於接觸部30,延伸離開一距離,距離足以讓瓷嘴70移動打線74,離開基部34,以形成打線32的最終特定高度。另外,承載部26的寬度可足夠延打線74的寬度(當接觸於此時)。換句話說,承載部26的最終寬度至少等寬於區域78(其可能受打線74的計量器或直徑影響)。
在形成特定數量的打線32之後,藉由沉積樹脂在微電子組件10上,可形成封裝層42。藉由將組件10放置於適當配置的模具中,可完成 此事,模具有腔部,腔部係可接收組件10之封裝層42的特定形狀。此種模具以及形成封裝層的方法可如美國專利申請案公開號第2012/0232129號(「'386公開案」)所示,其揭示內容在此引用併入。封裝層之形成,使得一開始其表面44係間隔於打線32的端部表面38之上。為了曝露端部表面38,在端部表面38上的封裝層42的部分可移除,曝露出實質上齊平於端部表面38的新表面44。另外,封裝層42之形成,可使得表面44已經實質上齊平於端部表面38,或者使得表面44定位於端部表面38之下。移除封裝層42的部分(若需要的話)可藉由研磨、乾蝕刻、雷射蝕刻、濕蝕刻、研磨(lapping)、或類似者來達成。若需要的話,打線32的自由端部36的部分也可在相同或額外步驟中移除,以達成實質上對齊於表面44的實質上平坦端部表面38。
承載部26可用於第4-9圖討論的打線形成方法的變化例中,以達成不同高度的打線132a,如同第12與13圖所示。具體而言,如第12圖所示,數個不同的導電元件128可在基板112的表面114處。基板112上可包含每個不同種類的導電元件128的一個或複數,取決於打線132的特定配置與其特定布局或陣列。如同所示的範例中,一些導電元件128a僅包含接觸部130。其他導電元件128b包含接觸部130與承載部126兩者,以相似於上面相關於第3圖所討論的那些配置之配置,舉例來說。還有其他導電元件128c可僅包含承載部126。此種導電元件128c可為適當大小與個別承載部126,其可相似於第3圖所示的承載部26,但是缺少附接的接觸部30。另外,此種導電元件128c可為承載片48的形式,其範例在第3圖中。承載片可圍繞導電元件28陣列的區域的整個外部,或可部分沿著此種陣列的外部延伸,或可散置於其間。
如第12圖,打線174可接合於導電元件128a的基部134a處,導電元件128a僅包含接觸部130。相同的打線174可之後壓縮(以類似於先前相關於第7圖討論的方式)相抵於不同導電元件128的承載部126,例如,導電元件128b的承載部。在打線174以類似於上面相關於第8與9圖討論的方式切斷之後,如此做可以調節已經抽拉出瓷嘴170的打線174的較長長度,這接著可導致較高的打線132a,如同第13圖所示。類似的,基部134b可形成於導電元件128b的接觸部130上,且打線段174可壓縮相抵於導電元件128c(導電元件128c僅包含承載部126),以形成打線於導電元件128b上,大體相同於打線132a的高度。針對包含超過兩列打線的類似基板,具有接觸部與承載部兩者的額外導電元件可設於導電元件128c與128a之間。使用類似的原理可做出其他配置。
雖然本發明在此已經參照特定實施例來敘述,可瞭解到,這些實施例僅是本發明的應用與原理的例示。因此,可瞭解到,可對例示的實施例做出各種修改,且可設想出其他配置,而未偏離所附申請專利範圍所界定之本發明的範圍與精神。
10‧‧‧微電子組件
12‧‧‧基板
14‧‧‧第一表面
16‧‧‧第二表面
17‧‧‧導電元件
18‧‧‧第一區域
20‧‧‧第二區域
22‧‧‧微電子元件
23‧‧‧接點
25‧‧‧導電凸塊
26‧‧‧承載部
28‧‧‧導電元件
30‧‧‧接觸部
32‧‧‧打線
36‧‧‧自由端部
38‧‧‧端部表面
40‧‧‧端子
41‧‧‧通孔
42‧‧‧封裝層
44‧‧‧主要表面

Claims (24)

  1. 一種方法,用於形成一打線之一自由端部,該方法包含:接合一金屬打線的一端部至位於一第一元件的一表面的一導電元件,該金屬打線的端部緊鄰於一接合工具的一表面,該接合工具相鄰於一孔,該金屬打線延伸通過該孔;從該孔拉出該金屬打線的一預定長度;接著使用該接合工具的該表面來塑性變形位於該接合工具的該表面與該第一元件的該表面的一金屬元件之間的該金屬打線的一區域;及接著使用該接合工具來施加張力至該金屬打線,以導致具有接合於該導電元件之該端部之該金屬打線的一第一部分,從位於該塑性變形的區域的該金屬打線的一剩餘部分分離,該第一部分形成一打線,該打線從該接合端部延伸至遠離該導電元件的該打線的一自由端部。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬元件係為該第一元件內的一導電電路結構的一部分。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該導電電路結構的該部分係選自一線路、一接墊、一電鍍線、一電源面、與一接地面之至少一者。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該接合工具係為一瓷嘴,且該接合工具的該表面係為該瓷嘴的一面。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該接合工具係為一接合楔形物,且該接合工具的該表面係為該接合楔形物的一面。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,另包含:移動該接合工具至該金屬元件上的一位置,使得該打線長度的一部分係位於該接合工具的該表面與該金屬元件之間,該接合工具之該移動形成之一第一彎曲,係位於該接合工具的該表面與該接合端部之間的該打線的一部分中。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,在施加壓力的該步驟之後,另包含:移動該接合工具至一預定位置,該預定位置緊鄰於該打線的該自由端部的一特定位置,藉此形成之一第二彎曲,係位於相鄰該接合端部的該打線的一部分中。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中施加張力的該步驟導致該第一彎曲的至少部分強化。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中施加壓力與施加張力的該步驟賦予一形狀於該打線上,使得該打線界定之一軸,係位於該自由端部與該基部之間,而該打線之彎曲,係延伸遠離一平面上的該軸,且全部的該打線之位置,係實質位於在該軸的單一側上。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬元件與一導電金屬接墊中的該導電元件係構成單一元件(Unitary),該金屬元件之界定,係藉由延伸超過該導電金屬接墊的一部分而與該導電元件分離,該導電金屬接墊的該部分之尺寸,係用於接合該金屬打線,以形成該接合端部。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第10項之方法,其中該金屬元件之界定,係另外藉由具有小於該導電元件的一直徑之一寬度而與該導電元件分離。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中複數導電元件與複數金屬元件係位於該基板的該表面,該導電元件與金屬元件之配置,係沿著該表面成為一對,且其中接合該打線的該導電元件係在一第一對中。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中該打線所壓抵的該金屬元件,係為該第一對的該金屬元件。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該打線所壓抵的該金屬元件,係為一第二對的該金屬元件。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中施加壓力的該步驟,係產生打線標記於該金屬元件上。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中施加壓力的該步驟,係產生接合工 具標記於該打線的該塑性變形的區域內。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬打線的該塑性變形的區域所界定之一軸,係以至少一方向,從該打線的一相鄰部分的一軸位移。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬打線的一第一表面部分係藉由該接合工具的該表面而壓縮於一第一方向中。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該金屬打線的一第二表面部分係藉由該金屬元件而壓縮於一第二方向中。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該導電元件係為該基板的該表面的複數導電元件之一個,且該金屬元件係為該基板的該表面的複數金屬元件之一個,且其中施加張力的該步驟,係形成另一端部於該打線的該剩餘部分上,該方法包含重複接合、拉出、塑性變形、與施加張力的該步驟,其所形成之複數打線,係從至少一些該導電元件延伸離開至遠離該導電元件的個別自由端部。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第20項之方法,另包含:形成一介電質封裝層,藉以至少部分覆蓋該基板的該表面與該打線的部分,使得該打線的未封裝部分係藉由未被該封裝層覆蓋的該打線的至少該端部而界定。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第20項之方法,其中使用該接合工具的該表面來塑性變形該金屬打線的一區域之該步驟的至少兩實例,係實行於該相同的金屬元件上。
  23. 如申請專利範圍第20項之方法,其中該複數導電元件與該複數金屬元件的至少一些,係配置為導電元件與金屬元件對的一陣列,該陣列具有一預定數量的列,且其中接合的該步驟的一實例係實行於一第一列中的一導電元件,且使用該表面來塑性變形該金屬打線的一區域之該對應步驟,係實行於一第二列中的一金屬元件上。
  24. 一種方法,用於製造一微電子封裝,該方法包含:形成複數打線於一處理中的單元上,該處理中的單元包含:一基板,該基板具有一第一表面與相隔之一第二表面;複數導電元件,係曝露於該第一表面處;以及複數金屬元件,該複數金屬元件在該基板的該表面,並且界定為與該導電元件分離;至少一些該打線的形成包含:接合一金屬打線的端部至該導電元件之一者,該金屬打線的該端部緊鄰於一接合工具的一表面,該接合工具相鄰於一孔,該金屬打線延伸通過該孔;從該孔拉出一預定長度之該金屬打線;之後使用該接合工具的該表面來塑性變形位於該接合工具的該表面與該金屬元件之一者之間的該金屬打線的一區域;及之後使用該接合工具來施加張力至該金屬打線,以導致具有接合於 該導電元件之該端部之該金屬打線的一第一部分從該塑性變形的區域的該金屬打線的一剩餘部分分離,該第一部分形成一打線,該打線從該接合端部延伸至遠離該導電元件之該打線的一自由端部;及形成一介電質封裝層於該處理中的單元上,其中該封裝層之形成,係至少部分覆蓋該第一表面與該打線的部分,使得該打線的未封裝部分係藉由該打線未被該封裝層覆蓋的至少該端部而界定。
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