WO2023098762A1 - 电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车 - Google Patents

电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098762A1
WO2023098762A1 PCT/CN2022/135659 CN2022135659W WO2023098762A1 WO 2023098762 A1 WO2023098762 A1 WO 2023098762A1 CN 2022135659 W CN2022135659 W CN 2022135659W WO 2023098762 A1 WO2023098762 A1 WO 2023098762A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
box
electric vehicle
vehicle body
electric vehicles
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/135659
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
仇丹梁
刘猛
于新瑞
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司, 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority to US18/572,797 priority Critical patent/US20240286478A1/en
Publication of WO2023098762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098762A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement for vehicles, in particular to a battery pack for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle containing the battery pack.
  • the weight of the battery pack is heavy, resulting in a thicker overall thickness of the battery pack, and it is installed above the side beam of the electric vehicle body, which leads to a higher center of gravity of the electric vehicle and poor stability during driving.
  • the power station needs a large space and a hoisting tool for hoisting the battery pack is installed to hoist the battery pack to the electric replacement station, which makes it difficult to replace the battery and the construction cost of the power station is relatively high. high.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the high center of gravity of the electric vehicle caused by the arrangement of the battery pack above the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body in the prior art, and poor stability during driving. Due to the disadvantages of high electrical difficulty and high construction cost, a battery pack for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle including the battery pack are provided.
  • a battery pack for an electric vehicle which is installed on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle, characterized in that the battery pack for the electric vehicle comprises: a box, the box includes at least two box units, the box The body unit is equipped with a battery module for external charging and discharging; a horizontally arranged lock shaft is arranged above two adjacent box units and corresponds to the lock on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body. location of the institution.
  • the battery pack for the electric vehicle is arranged under the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body through the lock shaft, so that the center of gravity of the electric vehicle can be lowered, the driving stability of the electric vehicle can be improved, and the battery pack will not occupy a large space behind the driver, which improves the safety of the driver.
  • Driving experience the top of the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more cargo.
  • the battery pack can be installed from the bottom of the vehicle body longitudinal beam, and the thickness of the battery pack for electric vehicles is relatively thin, the height space under the vehicle body longitudinal beam can be fully utilized, so that the battery replacement equipment can be replaced from the bottom of the electric vehicle , instead of setting up a sunken space or digging pits for the access of power exchange equipment, or lifting electric vehicles to create enough height space for power exchange equipment, thereby reducing the cost, time and difficulty of building a power exchange station, and reducing the need for building a station The requirements of the site can improve the efficiency of power exchange.
  • a mounting plate is provided on the box, and one end of the lock shaft is connected to the mounting plate.
  • both ends of the lock shaft are connected to the installation plate.
  • both ends of the lock shaft are fixed ends, so the lock shaft can transmit the force it receives to the mounting plates on both sides, so that the force on the lock shaft is more uniform, and the lock shaft and the locking mechanism The connection is stronger.
  • the mounting plate is at least partially disposed between two adjacent box units.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement avoids occupying the upper space of the box unit by arranging the installation plate between the two box units, and at the same time at least part of the installation plate is arranged between the two box units, so that the two box units can be connected at the same time , so that the force of the lock shaft during locking can act on the two box units at the same time, the force is more dispersed, and stress concentration is avoided.
  • the mounting plate extends along the length of the vehicle body side member.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement makes the connection of the lock shaft relative to the box more reliable by setting the mounting plate to connect the lock shaft.
  • multiple lock shafts are distributed on the mounting plate, and the connection can be realized through multi-point contact when the battery pack for electric vehicles is connected to the side beam of the vehicle body, and the force received by the lock shafts is evenly distributed on the mounting plate, thereby Further prevent the connection between the lock shaft and the mounting plate from breaking due to excessive force, and improve the locking reliability of the battery pack relative to the electric vehicle.
  • the battery pack for electric vehicles further includes a guide block, the guide block is elastically arranged on the end surface of the mounting plate close to the vehicle body longitudinal beam, and the guide block has a clamping surface for The sides of the vehicle body rails are abutted against each other.
  • the positioning ability of the battery pack for electric vehicles relative to the body bracket of the electric vehicle can be improved, and the occurrence of the battery pack for electric vehicles being locked on the electric vehicle can be avoided. shaking.
  • the end of the guide block away from the box is provided with a guide surface inclined, and along the height direction of the electric vehicle battery pack from bottom to top, the guide surface gradually approaches the mounting plate.
  • the position of the vehicle body side beam is adjusted in the horizontal direction under the guidance of the guide surface, so that the lock shaft and the locking mechanism can be positioned more precisely.
  • the lock shaft and the guide block are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction on the mounting plate.
  • the lock shaft and the guide block are spaced apart to avoid interference between the lock mechanism and the guide block during the locking process of the lock shaft and the lock mechanism.
  • each of the box units includes: a box body, the box body is provided with a cell accommodating groove for placing a battery module; a box cover, and the box cover is detachable It is connected to the notch of the cell accommodating groove of the box body and closes the notch.
  • the box cover set on the top of the box will not affect the setting of the lock shaft, and at the same time the box cover can facilitate the installation of the battery module in the cell. Disassembly and assembly in the storage tank.
  • the box further includes: a gap connection structure, the adjacent box units are connected through the gap connection structure, and the gap connection structures are respectively connected to On the box body adjacent to the box unit; the installation plate is arranged on the gap connection structure.
  • the above-mentioned structure is designed by designing a gap between adjacent box units through the gap connection structure, and connecting the mounting plate to the gap connection structure, so that the force received by the lock shaft can be transmitted through the mounting plate and the gap connection structure in turn.
  • the force of the battery pack for electric vehicles is more evenly distributed.
  • the reinforcement beam is accommodated, so that the lock shaft is more firmly connected to the box body through the reinforcement beam, and at the same time, the adjacent box body units can be connected into one body through the gap connection structure.
  • the battery pack for electric vehicles further includes a reinforcement beam, the first end of the reinforcement beam extends above the box and is connected to the mounting plate, the second end of the reinforcement beam is connected to the Gap junction structures described above.
  • the setting position of the reinforcing beam makes full use of the space in the gap, avoiding the setting of the reinforcing beam to reduce the area for accommodating the battery module in the box, and the reinforcing beam can improve the gap between the lock shaft and the gap connection structure. Excellent connection strength, to avoid structural damage to the battery pack for electric vehicles due to excessive force at the lock shaft.
  • the gap connection structure includes an upper plate and a lower plate, the two ends of the lower plate are respectively connected to the bottom of the box body of the adjacent box unit, and the two ends of the upper plate are respectively connected to the corresponding The top of the box body adjacent to the box unit is connected;
  • the second end of the reinforcing beam passes through the upper plate and is connected to the lower plate.
  • the above structural arrangement achieves the purpose of increasing the structural strength of the reinforcing beam by setting the upper plate and the lower plate to limit the reinforcing beam in the horizontal direction, so as to improve the stability of the connection of the battery pack for electric vehicles to the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body.
  • the upper end of the mounting plate has a first extension, and the first extension wraps the first end of the reinforcing beam;
  • the lower end of the mounting plate has a second extension, and the second extension is against the upper plate.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement wraps the first end of the reinforcement beam through the first extension part, so that the connection between the installation plate and the reinforcement beam is firmer, and the abutment between the second extension part and the work can further strengthen the connection between the installation board and the reinforcement beam. the connection strength between them.
  • the lower plate includes a first side plate, a top plate and a second side plate connected in sequence, and the lower plate passes through the connection between the first side plate, the second side plate and the box unit on the corresponding side.
  • the box body is connected, and the second end of the reinforcing beam is connected to the top plate;
  • Vertical ribs are arranged on the end surface of the top plate.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement is to strengthen the strength of the top plate by setting vertical ribs at the top plate.
  • the multiple reinforcing beams are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beams of the vehicle body.
  • the above-mentioned structural setting by setting a plurality of reinforcing beams, increases the number of connection points between the reinforcing beams and the mounting plate, so that the force on the mounting plate can be more evenly transmitted to the adjacent box unit, so that the battery pack for electric vehicles The force is more evenly distributed.
  • the box unit further includes a sealing member, the sealing member is arranged around the notch of the cell receiving groove, and sandwiched between the box body and the box cover.
  • the above structural arrangement improves the sealing effect inside the box unit and prevents external environmental factors from affecting the normal operation of the battery module inside the box unit.
  • the sealing member is a foamed silicone pad.
  • the foamed silica gel pad has excellent electrical properties and chemical stability, and is water-resistant, so it can have a good sealing effect when used here.
  • the surface of the box cover has a reinforcement structure.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement can improve the structural strength of the cover plate and avoid deformation when installed on the box body, resulting in poor sealing performance.
  • the reinforcing structure includes a protrusion and a reinforcing rib that protrude from the box cover toward a direction away from the box body, and the protrusion forms a reinforcing groove that opens toward the box body, so The reinforcement groove is provided with the reinforcement rib.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement improves the structural strength of the cover plate of the box body and avoids dent deformation during long-term use.
  • the reinforcing groove extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body
  • the battery pack for electric vehicles further includes: a second electrical connector for docking with the first electrical connector on the side member of the vehicle body, and the second electrical connector is arranged in the box A position corresponding to the first electrical connector, and the second electrical connector is electrically connected to the battery module.
  • each battery module is electrically connected to the second electrical connector through the cable, so as to be connected to the first electrical connector that needs external power supply through the second electrical connector, so as to improve the operation safety.
  • the box also includes:
  • a cable duct through which the cell receiving grooves adjacent to the box unit are communicated.
  • the above structural arrangement enables the cables of the battery modules in different box units to be collected in the same box unit through the cable duct, so as to facilitate cable routing and avoid cable exposure.
  • the cable duct is arranged close to the second electrical connector.
  • the cable routing length can be reduced, thereby reducing the purchase cost of the cable.
  • the battery pack for electric vehicles further includes a side reinforcement structure, the side reinforcement structure is arranged on the outside of the box body, and the side reinforcement structures are respectively connected to the outer sides of each box body. surface connection.
  • connection between the box bodies is further strengthened by setting the side reinforcement structure.
  • the side reinforcing structure is provided with lightening holes.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement achieves the purpose of reducing the weight of the side reinforcement structure, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack for electric vehicles.
  • the battery pack for electric vehicles further includes a bottom reinforcement structure, the bottom reinforcement structure is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the box body, and the two ends of the bottom reinforcement structure respectively extend to the box body on the inner wall.
  • the bottom reinforcement structure By setting the bottom reinforcement structure, the bottom strength of the box body is strengthened, and the bottom of the box body is prevented from being deformed by force due to the weight of the battery module.
  • the plurality of bottom reinforcement structures are arranged in the box body in parallel and at intervals, and the battery module is carried and arranged on the plurality of bottom reinforcement structures at the same time.
  • the bottom reinforcement structure at the bottom of the box body is used to carry the battery module, so that the weight of the battery module can be dispersed in the box body and the force is uniform.
  • the box body includes three
  • three of the box units are distributed at intervals and two of the box units are located outside the two groups of symmetrically arranged lock shafts, and the other box unit is arranged on the two groups of symmetrically arranged between the lock shafts.
  • Two groups of lock shafts arranged symmetrically are arranged on the upper surface of the box body, and the lock shafts are locked with the locking mechanism on the side beam of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle from different directions, thereby further improving the locking effect.
  • An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body side member and the battery pack for the electric vehicle as described above, the body side beam is provided with a locking mechanism, and the battery pack for the electric vehicle can be locked through the lock shaft and the locking mechanism. Disassemble the connection to the side member of the vehicle body.
  • the battery pack is arranged under the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body through the lock shaft, so that the center of gravity of the electric vehicle can be lowered, and the driving stability of the electric truck can be improved, and the battery pack will not occupy a large space behind the driver, thereby improving the safety of the driver.
  • the top of the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more cargo.
  • the battery pack can be installed from the bottom of the vehicle body longitudinal beam, and the thickness of the battery pack for electric vehicles is relatively thin, the height space under the vehicle body longitudinal beam can be fully utilized, so that the battery replacement equipment can be replaced from the bottom of the electric vehicle , instead of setting up a sunken space or digging pits for the access of power exchange equipment, or lifting electric vehicles to create enough height space for power exchange equipment, thereby reducing the cost, time and difficulty of building a power exchange station, and reducing the need for building a station The requirements of the site can improve the efficiency of power exchange.
  • the electric vehicle further includes a body bracket, the locking mechanism is arranged on the body bracket, and the body bracket is arranged on the vehicle side beam.
  • the battery pack is connected to the body bracket on the body side beam of the electric vehicle, the connection reliability is higher, and the modification of the body side beam is reduced.
  • the height of the connection point between the locking mechanism and the lock shaft is higher than the height of the lower end of the vehicle body bracket or the vehicle body longitudinal beam.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement increases the height of the battery pack installed on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body, and provides more space in the height direction for the battery replacement equipment.
  • the electric vehicle battery pack has multiple lock shafts, the lock shafts are symmetrically distributed on the box body, and the free ends of the lock shafts are oppositely arranged, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the body the opposite side of the bracket;
  • the electric vehicle battery pack has a plurality of lock shafts, the lock shafts are symmetrically distributed on the box body, and the free ends of the lock shafts are arranged opposite to each other, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the body bracket the opposite side of .
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement realizes the locking function from different directions through the locking shaft and the locking mechanism, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the battery pack installed on the vehicle body bracket.
  • the battery pack is arranged under the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body through the lock shaft, so that the center of gravity of the electric vehicle can be lowered, the stability of the electric truck can be improved, and the battery pack will not occupy a large area behind the driver.
  • the space improves the driver's driving experience, and the top of the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more goods.
  • the battery pack can be installed from the bottom of the vehicle body longitudinal beam, and the thickness of the battery pack for electric vehicles is relatively thin, the height space under the vehicle body longitudinal beam can be fully utilized, so that the battery replacement equipment can be replaced from the bottom of the electric vehicle , instead of setting up a sunken space or digging pits for the access of power exchange equipment, or lifting electric vehicles to create enough height space for power exchange equipment, thereby reducing the cost, time and difficulty of building a power exchange station, and reducing the need for building a station The requirements of the site can improve the efficiency of power exchange.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the chassis structure of an electric vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the chassis of the electric vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the case cover is hidden.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the joint between the box body and the box cover in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cover plate of the box body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the battery modules of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view (1) of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view (2) of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of part C in FIG. 10 .
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting board of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the upper plate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the lower plate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged view of part D in FIG. 15 .
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the connection direction between the lock shaft and the locking mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an electric vehicle 100, the structure of the chassis of which is shown in Figure 1, the electric vehicle 100 has two body longitudinal beams 20 arranged in parallel along the front and rear directions, used to connect the main parts of the electric vehicle 100, such as suspension, The wheels and the like, and the battery pack for the electric vehicle are also installed under the two longitudinal beams 20 of the vehicle body, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the electric vehicle and making the electric vehicle run more smoothly.
  • the electric vehicle is a heavy truck or a light truck.
  • the electric vehicle may also be a passenger vehicle, which will not be repeated here.
  • a vehicle body support 30 is connected at the same time.
  • the mechanism 40 is arranged on the vehicle body support 30 and is used for locking connection with the lock shaft 3 on the battery pack 10 so that the battery pack 10 is connected or disconnected from the vehicle body support 30 to achieve the purpose of battery replacement.
  • the locking mechanisms 40 are arranged in two rows on the vehicle body bracket 30 to correspond to the two vehicle body longitudinal beams 20 respectively, and these locking mechanisms 40 are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction A of the vehicle body longitudinal beams to pass through multiple points.
  • the connection method improves the reliability and stability of the connection of the battery pack 10 relative to the vehicle body bracket 30 .
  • the locking mechanism 40 is arranged on the end surface of the vehicle body bracket 30 away from the vehicle body longitudinal beam 20, and is higher than the lower end of the vehicle body bracket 30, so that the connection point of the locking mechanism relative to the lock shaft
  • the height of the battery pack 10 can be higher than the height of the lower end of the vehicle body bracket 30, so as to improve the height of the battery pack 10 installed on the electric vehicle 100.
  • the lock shafts 3 located on the battery pack 10 in this embodiment are symmetrically distributed on the box body, and the free ends of the lock shafts 3 distributed on both sides are oppositely arranged, that is, the free ends Extend toward opposite sides close to each other to cooperate with the locking mechanism 40 disposed on the opposite side of the body bracket 30 .
  • the free ends of the symmetrically distributed locking shafts 3 can also be arranged opposite to each other, so that the corresponding locking mechanism 40 is arranged on the opposite side of the vehicle body bracket 30, by adding the locking shafts 3 and locking The number of mechanisms 40 improves the connection reliability and stability of the battery pack 10 relative to the vehicle body bracket 30 .
  • a first electrical connector 50 is also provided for docking with the second electrical connector 6 on the side of the battery pack 10, so as to be installed on the battery pack 10.
  • the electrical connection with the battery pack 10 is realized to meet the requirement of supplying power to the electric vehicle 100 .
  • the specific structure of the battery pack 10 is shown in Figure 4, including a box body 1 and a horizontally arranged lock shaft 3, wherein the box body 1 includes three box body units 11, and two gaps are formed between the three box body units 11 , and the box unit 11 is provided with a battery module 60 for external charging and discharging.
  • the box body 1 includes three box body units 11, and two gaps are formed between the three box body units 11
  • the box unit 11 is provided with a battery module 60 for external charging and discharging.
  • the box body 1 includes three box body units 11, and two gaps are formed between the three box body units 11
  • the box unit 11 is provided with a battery module 60 for external charging and discharging.
  • the box body 1 includes three box body units 11, and two gaps are formed between the three box body units 11
  • the box unit 11 is provided with a battery module 60 for external charging and discharging.
  • the box body 1 includes three box body units 11, and two gaps are formed between the three box body units 11
  • the box unit 11 is provided with a battery module 60 for external
  • each box unit 11 includes a box body 111 , a box cover 112 and a seal 113 .
  • the upper part of the box body 111 is open, and a battery cell receiving groove 1111 is formed inside, and the battery module 60 is placed in the battery cell receiving groove 1111, and the box body cover plate 112 covers the position of the notch 1112 of the battery cell receiving groove 1111, And cover and close the whole notch 1112 , the seal 113 is cushioned between the box body 111 and the box cover 112 , so as to realize the sealing of the cell receiving groove 1111 .
  • the sealing member 113 is a foamed silica gel pad.
  • the foamed silica gel pad has excellent electrical properties and chemical stability, is water resistant, and can have a good sealing effect when used to close the box 1 .
  • the box cover 112 in this embodiment is connected to the box body 111 by bolts to achieve a detachable connection, and the bolts also penetrate the sealing member 113, so that the sealing member 113 is compressed during compression.
  • the reaction force generated can act on the bolts to provide a compressive force for the bolts, improve the reliability of the sealed connection, and prevent the bolts from loosening during long-term use.
  • the battery pack 10 also includes two mounting plates 4 and two gap connection structures 2 located in the above two gaps, adjacent box units 11 are connected by gap connection structures 2, and the gap connection structures 2 are connected respectively on the box body 111 of the adjacent box unit 11 .
  • Two mounting plates 4 are arranged on the box body 1 through the gap connection structure 2. Specifically, the two mounting plates 4 are arranged between adjacent box units 11 along the longitudinal direction A of the vehicle body longitudinal beam. Specifically, the mounting plates 4 4 is located above the gaps between adjacent box units 11, that is, a mounting plate 4 is provided above each gap, and one end of the plurality of lock shafts 3 is arranged on the mounting plate in sequence along the length direction A of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body 4 is close to the end face of the locking mechanism 40.
  • the gap connection structure 2 in this embodiment includes an upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22, the left and right ends of the lower plate 22 are respectively connected to the bottom of the box body 111 of the adjacent box unit 11, and the upper plate Both ends of 21 are respectively connected to the top of the box body 111 of the adjacent box unit 11 .
  • the gap connection structure 2 limits the reinforcement beam 7 in the horizontal direction through the upper plate 21 and the lower plate 22 .
  • the battery pack 10 also includes a reinforcing beam 7, which is used to realize a reinforced connection relative to the mounting plate 4 and the gap connection structure 2.
  • the setting position of the reinforcing beam 7 in the battery pack 10 is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the reinforcing beam 7 The upper end of the reinforcement beam 7 extends to the top of the box body 1 and is connected with the mounting plate 4, and the lower end of the reinforcing beam 7 passes through the upper plate 21 and the lower plate 22 of the gap connection structure 2 in turn, and is welded to the upper plate 21 and the lower plate 22 respectively .
  • the mounting plate 4 and the gap connection structure 2 are connected by setting the reinforcing beam 7, so that the force of the lock shaft 3 when locked will also be transmitted to the box on both sides through the mounting plate, the reinforcing beam, and the gap connection structure 2 in sequence. At the body unit, the force is further dispersed to avoid stress concentration.
  • first extension 41 on the upper end of the mounting plate 4, and the first extension 41 wraps the upper end of the reinforcing beam 7, and a second horizontal extension is provided on the lower end of the mounting plate 4. portion 42 , the second extension portion 42 is against the upper plate 21 .
  • reinforcing beams 7 located in the gap, and these reinforcing beams 7 are evenly arranged along the length direction A of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body, and are respectively connected with the mounting plate 4 and the gap connection structure 2 to strengthen The connection strength between the mounting plate and the adjacent box unit 11.
  • the plurality of reinforcing beams 7 may not be evenly arranged along the length direction A of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body, or may be set according to actual conditions, which will not be repeated here.
  • five through installation holes 21 a are provided on the surface of the upper plate 21 for passing the reinforcing beam 7 and abutting against the side walls of the reinforcing beam 7 to achieve positioning.
  • the lower plate 22 includes a first side plate 221, a top plate 222 and a second side plate 223 connected in sequence, wherein the first side plate 221, the top plate 222 and the second side plate 223 are all straight plates and form an opening Downward U-shaped structure, the lower plate 22 is connected to the box body 111 of the box unit 11 on the corresponding side through the first side plate 221 and the second side plate 223, and the lower end of the reinforcing beam 7 is passed on the top plate 222 In the five mounting holes 22a, the positioning connection of the two is realized.
  • vertical ribs 23 are provided on the lower end surface of the top plate 222 to strengthen the strength of the lower plate 22 at the top plate 222 .
  • a guide block 5 is provided on the end surface 4a of the mounting plate 4 near the side of the side member 20 of the vehicle body (that is, the end surface on the side where the lock shaft 3 is provided), and the guide block 5 is elastically connected to the end surface 4a of the mounting plate 4.
  • the surface of the guide block 5 facing away from the end surface 4a is a clamping surface 51, which is used to abut against the side of the vehicle body frame 30 to achieve positioning along the width direction B of the vehicle body longitudinal beam.
  • the positioning capability of the battery pack for the electric vehicle relative to the body bracket 30 of the electric vehicle 100 can be improved, and the battery pack for the electric vehicle can be prevented from being locked on the body bracket 30 of the electric vehicle. Shake when 100 is up.
  • a guide surface 52 is provided obliquely above the clamping surface 51 , and the guide surface 52 is along the side of the battery pack 10 .
  • the height direction is from bottom to top, and the guide surface 52 is gradually approaching the mounting plate 4 , so that the guide surface 52 can realize the guiding and positioning of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 20 and the vehicle body bracket 30 in the horizontal direction.
  • the box body 1 also includes a side reinforcement structure 115, which surrounds the outside of the entire box body 1 and passes through the outer surface of each box body 111 respectively. Connected by welding. By setting the side reinforcing structure 115, the connection between the box bodies 111 is further strengthened, and the structural integrity of the box body 1 is better. At the same time, since the side reinforcement structure 115 is only used for reinforcement and does not have the function of accommodating the battery module 60, weight-reducing holes can be provided on the surface of the side reinforcement structure 115 to reduce the weight of the side reinforcement structure 115 and achieve weight reduction. , lightweight purposes.
  • the battery pack 10 also includes a second electrical connector 6 disposed on the side of the case 1 .
  • the second electrical connector 6 is electrically connected to the first electrical connector 50 of the vehicle body bracket 30.
  • the second electrical connector 6 is arranged on the side reinforcement structure 115 at a position corresponding to the first electrical connector 50, And it is electrically connected with the battery modules in each box unit 11 .
  • bottom reinforcing structures 116 are also provided in the cell receiving groove 1111 of each box unit 11, and these bottom reinforcing structures 116 are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the box body 111, and the bottom reinforcement The structure 116 is arranged close to the inner wall of the box body 111 , and its two ends are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the box body 111 .
  • the bottom reinforcing structure 116 can strengthen the bottom strength of the box body 111 and prevent the bottom of the box body 111 from being deformed due to the weight of the battery module 60 .
  • the distribution positions of the bottom reinforcement structures 116 in the cell accommodation groove 1111 are shown in FIG.
  • Each battery module 60 is carried and fixed on these bottom reinforcement structures 116 at the same time, so that the bottom of the box body 111 carries the battery module 60 through these bottom reinforcement structures 116, so that the weight of the battery module 60 is contained in the box body 111. Scattered and evenly stressed.
  • a cable duct 114 is also included in the box body 1.
  • the cable duct 114 is arranged at the gap formed between two adjacent box body units 11 and is arranged near the second electrical connector 6. One side, and penetrate through the side walls of the box body 111 of the two box units 11 in the horizontal direction, so that the cell receiving grooves 1111 of the box units 11 can communicate with each other through the cable duct 114 .
  • the cables of the battery modules 60 in different box units 11 can be collected in the same box unit 11 through the cable duct 114 , so as to facilitate cable routing.
  • the reinforcement structure includes a protrusion 1121 (see FIG. 5 ) and a reinforcing rib 1122 that protrude from the box cover 112 toward the direction away from the box body 111, and the protrusion 1121 forms a reinforcement for opening toward the box body 111.
  • the reinforcing rib 1122 is set in the reinforcing groove, in this embodiment, the reinforcing rib 1122 is a strip structure with an arc-shaped cross section, thereby improving the structural strength of the box cover plate 112 and avoiding depressions during long-term use out of shape.
  • the reinforcing groove 1121a on the surface of the box body cover 112 in this embodiment extends along the length direction A of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1122 are arranged in a single reinforcing groove 1121a, these The reinforcing ribs 1122 are also distributed in the reinforcing groove 1121a along the length direction A of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery pack 10, the structure of which is roughly the same as that of the battery pack 10 provided in Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as shown in Figure 17, in this embodiment, corresponding to the same group of lock shaft 3.
  • the two mounting plates 4 are arranged relatively parallel, and the two ends of the lock shaft 3 are respectively connected to the mounting plates 4.
  • the locking mechanism 40 has an inverted L-shaped through groove that runs through horizontally, so that the locking mechanism 40 enters the area between the two mounting plates 4 along the direction from top to bottom, so that the lock shaft 3 is locked on the locking mechanism 40. Locking is realized in the through groove of the lock, and this structural arrangement can make the connection between the lock shaft 3 and the lock mechanism 40 more firm and stable.
  • the vehicle body support 30 may not be provided, but the locking mechanism 40 may be directly arranged on the side of the vehicle body side beam 20.
  • the battery pack When the battery pack is connected to the vehicle body side beam 20, the battery pack is located Below the side beam 20, and the height of the connection point between the locking mechanism and the lock shaft is higher than the lower end of the side beam 20 of the vehicle body, the clamping surface 51 of the guide block 5 is used to clamp the side of the side beam of the vehicle body, which will not be repeated here.
  • the locking cooperation between the locking mechanism and the lock shaft may also be replaced by a T-shaped locking method or a threaded locking method. The following two methods are briefly introduced.
  • the first type T-shaped locking method
  • the locking mechanism includes a locking seat, the locking seat has a first opening extending vertically, a first threaded portion is provided in the first opening, the first threaded portion is an internal thread, and the locking cooperation mechanism includes a mounting Seat and unlocking lever, the second opening extending vertically in the mounting seat, the unlocking lever is vertically arranged in the second opening, the unlocking lever can move in the vertical direction relative to the mounting seat and the unlocking lever is set There is a second threaded part matched with the first threaded part, and the second threaded part can engage with the first threaded part, so as to realize the locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism and the locking cooperation mechanism.
  • the second type thread locking method
  • the locking mechanism includes a locking seat, the locking seat has a first opening extending in the vertical direction, a limiting part is arranged in the first opening, the first opening is a square hole and the upper part of the first opening forms the The limit part, the locking cooperation mechanism includes an unlocking lever, the upper end of the unlocking lever is provided with a stopper, and the stopper includes a locking lever extending in the horizontal direction, the locking lever is a cylinder and is horizontally arranged on the unlocking lever At the top, the locking lever and the unlocking lever together form a T-shaped structure.
  • the locking lever When the locking lever is at the first angle, the locking lever can pass through the first opening and enter the limiting portion of the locking seat, and when the locking lever rotates to the second angle, the locking lever can be limited at the limiting position part, so that the locking mechanism and the locking mechanism are relatively fixed.
  • the height space under the side member 20 of the vehicle body is fully utilized.
  • the unloaded battery pack 10 can directly enter the space below the battery pack 10 without contact with the electric vehicle 100. Interference occurs at the bottom of the battery pack 10; when the battery pack 10 is installed by the battery pack 10, the battery pack 10 carrying the battery pack 10 can also directly enter the bottom of the vehicle body side member 20 for battery replacement without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle 100 .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车，其安装于电动汽车的车身纵梁上，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包包括：箱体，所述箱体包括至少两个箱体单元，所述箱体单元内设有对外充放电的电池模组；水平设置的锁轴，所述锁轴设于两个相邻所述箱体单元之间的上方且对应于所述车身纵梁上的锁止机构的位置处。该电动汽车用电池包可以降低电动汽车的重心，提高电动汽车行驶的稳定性，同时可以充分利用车身纵梁下方的高度空间，使得换电设备可以从电动汽车的底部进行换电，降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。

Description

电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车
本申请要求申请日为2021/12/31的中国专利申请CN2021116732160的优先权，申请日为2021年12月26日的中国专利申请CN2021116067637、申请日为2021年12月26日的中国专利申请CN2021116067815、申请日为2021年11月30日的中国专利申请CN2021114443838的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆换电技术领域，特别涉及一种电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车。
背景技术
近几年来，新能源汽车发展迅速，依靠蓄电池作为驱动能源的电动车辆，具有零排放，噪声小的优势，随着电动汽车的市场占有率和使用频率也越来越高，目前电动汽车中的电动商用车，如电动重型卡车、电动轻型卡车也开始逐渐出现在各自的应用场景中，同时也匹配建造了为电动卡车进行电池包更换的换电站。
现有技术中，电池包重量大，导致电池包的整体厚度较厚，且是设置在电动汽车的车身纵梁上方，这样就导致电动汽车的重心较高，行驶时稳定性较差，若需要对该电动汽车进行电池包更换，换电站需要较大的场地且设置用于吊装电池包的吊具，以将电池包吊装至换电工位处，导致换电难度大，换电站的建造成本较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中电池包设置在车身纵梁上方导致电动汽车的重心较高，行驶时稳定性较差，同时换电站具有较大的场地和吊具，换电难度大且建造成本较高的缺陷，提供一种电动汽车用电池包及包含其的电动汽车。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种电动汽车用电池包，其安装于电动汽车的车身纵梁上，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包包括：箱体，所述箱体包括至少两个箱体单元，所述箱体单元内设有对外充放电的电池模组；水平设置的锁轴，所述锁轴设于两个相邻所述箱体单元之间的上方且对应于所述车身纵梁上的锁止机构的位置处。
该电动汽车用电池包，通过锁轴设置在车身纵梁的下方，从而能够降低电动汽车的重心，提高电动汽车行驶的稳定性，且电池包不会占据驾驶员后方较大空间，提高司机的驾驶体验，纵梁上方可以用于承载更多货物。同时由于电池包可以从车身纵梁的下方进行安装，而且电动汽车用电池包的厚度较薄，从而可以充分利用车身纵梁下方的高度空间，使得换电设备可以从电动汽车的底部进行换电，而不必在设置下沉式空间或挖坑供换电设备进出，或者举升电动汽车从而为换电设备制造出足够的高度空间，从而降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。
较佳地，所述箱体上设有安装板，所述锁轴的一端与所述安装板连接。
较佳地，所述锁轴的两端均与所述安装板连接。
上述结构设置，锁轴的两端均为固定端，因此锁轴可以将其受到的作用力传递到两侧的安装板上，使得锁轴处的受力更加均匀，锁轴与锁止机构的连接更加牢固。
较佳地，所述安装板至少部分设于两个相邻箱体单元之间。
上述结构设置，通过将安装板设置在两个箱体单元之间，避免占据箱体单元的上部空间，同时至少部分安装板设置在两个箱体单元之间，能够同时连接两个箱体单元，使得锁轴在锁止时的作用力能够同时作用在两个箱体单元上，受力更加分散，避免应力集中。
较佳地，所述安装板沿着所述车身纵梁的长度方向延伸。
上述结构设置，通过设置安装板连接锁轴，使锁轴相对箱体的连接更加可靠。
较佳地，所述锁轴为多个，并沿车身纵梁的长度方向依次分布在所述安装板靠近所述锁止机构的端面上。
上述结构设置，多个锁轴分布在安装板上，可以在电动汽车用电池包与车身纵梁连接时通过多点接触实现连接，将锁轴处受到的作用力在安装板上均匀分布，从而进一步避免锁轴与安装板的连接处由于受力过大而断裂，提高电池包相对电动汽车的锁止可靠性。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括导向块，所述导向块弹性设置在所述安装板靠近所述车身纵梁的端面上，所述导向块具有夹紧面，用于与所述车身纵梁的侧面相抵接。
通过上述结构设置，在电动汽车用电池包在安装于车身纵梁后，能够提高电动汽车用电池包相对电动汽车的车身支架的定位能力，避免电动汽车用电池包锁止在电动汽车上时产生晃动。
较佳地，所述导向块远离所述箱体的一端倾斜设有导向面，沿着所述电动汽车用电池包的高度方向自下而上，所述导向面与安装板逐渐靠近。
上述结构设置，在将电池包安装在车身纵梁上的过程中，车身纵梁在导向面的引导下在水平方向上进行位置调节，从而使得锁轴与锁止机构能够更加精确的定位。
较佳地，所述锁轴和导向块在所述安装板上沿水平方向间隔设置。
通过上述结构设置，锁轴与导向块间隔设置能够避免当锁轴与锁止机构锁止的过程中，锁止机构与导向块发生干涉。
较佳地，每个所述箱体单元均包括：箱体本体，所述箱体本体内设有用于放置电池模组的电芯容纳槽；箱体盖板，所述箱体盖板可拆卸连接于所述箱体本体的电芯容纳槽的槽口处并封闭所述槽口。
上述结构设置，在满足箱体容纳电池模组的需求的情况下，设置在箱体顶部的箱体盖板也不会影响锁轴的设置，同时箱体盖板能够方便电池模组在电芯容纳槽内的拆装。
较佳地，相邻所述箱体单元之间具有间隙，所述箱体还包括：间隙连接结构，相邻所述箱体单元通过所述间隙连接结构连接，所述间隙连接结构分别连接于相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体上；所述安装板设置在所述间隙连接结构上。
上述结构设置，通过在相邻箱体单元之间通过间隙连接结构设计出间隙，并将安装 板连接在间隙连接结构上，从而锁轴受到的作用力可以依次通过安装板、间隙连接结构后传递到相邻箱体单元处，使得电动汽车用电池包的受力更加均匀分散。容纳加强梁，使得锁轴通过加强梁更加牢固地连接在箱体上，同时可通过间隙连接结构将相邻的箱体单元连成一体。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括加强梁，所述加强梁的第一端延伸至所述箱体的上方且与所述安装板连接，所述加强梁的第二端与所述间隙连接结构连接。
上述结构设置，加强梁的设置位置充分利用了间隙内的空间，避免加强梁的设置导致箱体内的用于容纳电池模组的区域变小，同时加强梁可以提高锁轴与间隙连接结构之间的连接强度，避免由于锁轴处的受力过大而导致电动汽车用电池包的结构损坏。
较佳地，所述间隙连接结构包括上板与下板，所述下板的两端分别与相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体的底部连接，所述上板的两端分别与相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体的顶部连接；
所述加强梁的第二端穿过所述上板后与所述下板连接。
上述结构设置，通过设置上板和下板对加强梁起到水平方向上的限位，实现提高加强梁处结构强度的目的，以提高电动汽车用电池包相对车身纵梁连接的稳固性。
较佳地，所述安装板的上端有第一延伸部，所述第一延伸部包裹所述加强梁的第一端；
和/或，
所述安装板的下端有第二延伸部，所述第二延伸部抵住所述上板。
上述结构设置，通过第一延伸部包裹住加强梁的第一端，从而使得安装板与加强梁之间的连接更加牢固，而第二延伸部与上班抵接可以进一步加强安装板与加强梁之间的连接强度。
较佳地，所述下板包括依次连接的第一侧板、顶板与第二侧板，所述下板通过所述第一侧板、第二侧板与对应侧的所述箱体单元的箱体本体连接，所述加强梁的第二端与所述顶板连接；
所述顶板的端面上设有竖筋。
上述结构设置，通过在顶板处设置竖筋，以加强顶板处的强度。
较佳地，所述加强梁为多根，多根所述加强梁沿着车身纵梁的长度方向排布。
上述结构设置，通过设置多根加强梁，增加加强梁与安装板的连接点数量，使得安装板上受到的作用力可以更加均匀的传递到相邻的箱体单元上，使得电动汽车用电池包的受力更加均匀。
较佳地，所述箱体单元还包括密封件，所述密封件环设于所述电芯容纳槽的槽口，并夹设于所述箱体本体和所述箱体盖板之间。
上述结构设置，提高箱体单元内部的密封效果，避免外界环境因素影响箱体单元内部的电池模组的正常工作。
较佳地，所述密封件为发泡硅胶垫。
上述结构设置，发泡硅胶垫具有优良的电性能和化学稳定性，耐水、用于此处可以起到较好的密封效果。
较佳地，所述箱体盖板表面具有加强结构。
上述结构设置，该结构设置能够提高盖板处结构强度，避免安装在箱体本体上时产生变形，导致密封性变差。
较佳地，所述加强结构包括所述箱体盖板朝向远离所述箱体本体的方向突起的突起部与加强筋，所述突起部形成开口朝向所述箱体本体方向的加强槽，所述加强槽内设有所述加强筋。
上述结构设置，提高箱体盖板处结构强度，避免长期使用过程中产生凹陷变形。
较佳地，所述加强槽沿着车身纵梁的长度方向延伸；
所述加强筋为多个，多个所述加强筋沿着所述车身纵梁的长度方向排布于所述加强槽内。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括：用于与所述车身纵梁上的第一电连接器对接的第二电连接器，所述第二电连接器设置于所述箱体对应于所述第一电连接器的位置处，且所述第二电连接器与所述电池模组电连接。
上述结构设置，各个电池模组通过线缆与第二电连接器电连接，从而通过第二电连接器与外部需要供电的第一电连接器进行连接，提高运行安全性。
较佳地，所述箱体还包括：
线缆管道，相邻所述箱体单元的电芯容纳槽通过所述线缆管道连通。
上述结构设置，使得不同箱体单元内的电池模组的线缆能够通过该线缆管道汇集在同一个箱体单元内，以便于线缆布线，避免线缆外露。
较佳地，所述线缆管道靠近所述第二电连接器设置。
通过上述结构设置，可降低线缆的走线长度，从而降低线缆的购置成本。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括侧部加强结构，所述侧部加强结构围设在所述箱体的外侧，所述侧部加强结构分别与各所述箱体本体的外表面连接。
上述结构设置，通过设置侧部加强结构，使各箱体本体之间的连接进一步加强。
较佳地，所述侧部加强结构设有减重孔。
上述结构设置，实现降低侧部加强结构的重量目的，从而进一步降低电动汽车用电池包的制作成本。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括底部加强结构，所述底部加强结构固定在所述箱体本体的内底面上，所述底部加强结构的两端分别延伸至所述箱体本体的内壁上。
通过设置底部加强结构，加强箱体本体的底部强度，避免箱体本体的底部因承载电池模组的重量而受力变形。
较佳地，所述底部加强结构为多个，多个所述底部加强结构平行间隔设置在所述箱体本体内，所述电池模组同时承载并设置于多个所述底部加强结构上。
利用位于箱体本体底部的底部加强结构承载电池模组，便于电池模组的重量在箱体本体内分散，受力均匀。
较佳地，在沿所述车身纵梁的宽度方向，所述锁轴为多个并分为两组，两组所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，所述箱体包括三个所述箱体单元，三个所述箱体单元间隔分布且其中两个所述箱体单元位于两组对称设置的所述锁轴的外侧，另一个所述箱体单元 设置在两组对称设置的所述锁轴之间。
通过在箱体的上表面设有对称设置的两组锁轴，锁轴从不同方向与电动汽车的车身纵梁上的锁止机构进行锁止，进一步提高锁止效果。
一种电动汽车，包括车身纵梁和如上所述的电动汽车用电池包，所述车身纵梁上设有锁止机构，所述电动汽车用电池包通过所述锁轴、锁止机构配合可拆卸连接于所述车身纵梁上。
该电动汽车，其电池包通过锁轴设置在车身纵梁的下方，从而能够降低电动汽车的重心，提高电动卡车行驶的稳定性，且电池包不会占据驾驶员后方较大空间，提高司机的驾驶体验，纵梁上方可以用于承载更多货物。同时由于电池包可以从车身纵梁的下方进行安装，而且电动汽车用电池包的厚度较薄，从而可以充分利用车身纵梁下方的高度空间，使得换电设备可以从电动汽车的底部进行换电，而不必在设置下沉式空间或挖坑供换电设备进出，或者举升电动汽车从而为换电设备制造出足够的高度空间，从而降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。
较佳地，所述电动汽车还包括车身支架，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架上，所述车身支架设置于所述车身纵梁上。
电池包相对电动汽车的车身纵梁上的车身支架进行连接，连接可靠性更高，且减少对车身纵梁的改造。
较佳地，所述锁止机构与所述锁轴的连接点的高度高于所述车身支架或车身纵梁的下端的高度。
上述结构设置，提高电池包安装在车身纵梁上的高度，为换电设备流出更多的高度方向上的空间。
较佳地，所述电动汽车用电池包的锁轴为多个，所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，且锁轴的自由端相对设置，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架的相背侧；
或，所述电动汽车用电池包的锁轴为多个，所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，且锁轴的自由端相背设置，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架的相对侧。
上述结构设置，通过锁轴与锁止机构从不同方向实现锁止功能，从而提高电池包安装在车身支架上的可靠度和稳定性。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：
该电池包及包含其的电动汽车，电池包通过锁轴设置在车身纵梁的下方，从而能够降低电动汽车的重心，提高电动卡车行驶的稳定性，且电池包不会占据驾驶员后方较大空间，提高司机的驾驶体验，纵梁上方可以用于承载更多货物。同时由于电池包可以从车身纵梁的下方进行安装，而且电动汽车用电池包的厚度较薄，从而可以充分利用车身纵梁下方的高度空间，使得换电设备可以从电动汽车的底部进行换电，而不必在设置下沉式空间或挖坑供换电设备进出，或者举升电动汽车从而为换电设备制造出足够的高度空间，从而降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1的电动汽车的底盘结构示意图。
图2为本发明的实施例1的电动汽车的底盘局部结构示意图。
图3为本发明的实施例1的电池包的结构示意图。
图4为本发明的实施例1的电池包的局部结构示意图。
图5为本发明的实施例1的电池包的结构示意图，其中，箱体盖板被隐藏。
图6为本发明的实施例1的箱体本体与箱体盖板的连接处的局部剖视图。
图7为本发明的实施例1的箱体盖板的结构示意图。
图8为本发明的实施例1的电池包的电池模组布置位置示意图。
图9为本发明的实施例1的电池包的剖视图(一)。
图10为本发明的实施例1的电池包的剖视图(二)。
图11为图10中C部分的局部放大图。
图12为本发明的实施例1的安装板的结构示意图。
图13为本发明的实施例1的上板的结构示意图。
图14为本发明的实施例1的下板的结构示意图。
图15为本发明的实施例1的电池包的底部结构示意图
图16为图15中D部分的局部放大图。
图17为本发明的实施例2的锁轴与锁止机构的连接方向示意图。
附图标记说明：电动汽车100；电池包10；箱体1；箱体单元11；箱体本体111，电芯容纳槽1111，槽口1112；箱体盖板112，突起部1121，加强筋1122；密封件113；线缆管道114；侧部加强结构115；底部加强结构116；间隙连接结构2；上板21；下板22；第一侧板221，顶板222，第二侧板223；竖筋23；锁轴3；安装板4；第一延伸部41；第二延伸部42；导向块5，夹紧面51，导向面52；第二电连接器6；加强梁7；车身纵梁20；车身支架30；锁止机构40；第一电连接器50；电池模组60；车身纵梁的长度方向A；车身纵梁的宽度方向B
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
本发明提供一种电动汽车100，其底盘的结构如图1所示，该电动汽车100具有沿前后方向平行设置的两根车身纵梁20，用于连接电动汽车100的主要部件，例如悬挂、车轮等，电动汽车用电池包也被安装在这两根车身纵梁20的下方，从而起到降低电动汽车重心，使得电动汽车行驶更加平稳。本实施例中，电动汽车为重型卡车或轻型卡车，当然了，电动汽车也可以是乘用车，此处不再赘述。
如图2和图3所示，本实施例中，在电动汽车100的两根车身纵梁20上同时连接有车身支架30，车身支架30为由板材焊接而成的框架式结构，各个锁止机构40设置在车身支架30上，用于与电池包10上的锁轴3进行锁止连接，使得电池包10相对于车身支架30连接或脱离，实现更换电池的目的。其中，锁止机构40在车身支架30上呈两列布置，以分别对应于两个车身纵梁20，并且，这些锁止机构40沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A 依次设置，以通过多点连接的方式，提高电池包10相对车身支架30的连接可靠性和稳定性。
其中，从图2中可以看出，具体的，锁止机构40设置在车身支架30远离车身纵梁20的端面上，且高于车身支架30的下端，使得锁止机构相对锁轴的连接点的高度能够高于车身支架30的下端的高度，以尽量提高电池包10安装在电动汽车100上的高度，电池包10设置在车身支架30的下方，以便于换电设备(图中未示出)能够从下方安装电池包10，并相对车身支架30的锁止机构40锁止或解锁该电池包10，实现电池包10的取放和转运，从而可以充分利用车身纵梁下方的高度空间，使得换电设备可以从电动汽车的底部进行换电。
并且，在车身支架30的侧面，锁止机构40均布设置有多个，对应的锁轴3同样有多个，两者一一对应。从图3中可以看出，本实施例中位于电池包10上的锁轴3是对称分布在箱体上的，且分布于两侧的锁轴3的自由端是相对设置的，即自由端朝向相互靠近的反向延伸，以配合设置在车身支架30相背侧的锁止机构40。当然，在其他实施例中，呈对称分布的锁轴3的自由端也可以是相背设置的，使得对应的锁止机构40设置在车身支架30的相对侧，通过增加锁轴3和锁止机构40的数量，提高电池包10相对车身支架30的连接可靠度和稳定性。
同时，如图2所示，在车身支架30的端部位置，还设置有第一电连接器50，用于与电池包10侧面的第二电连接器6进行对接，以在电池包10安装于车身支架30时，实现相对电池包10的电连接，满足向电动汽车100进行供电的需求。
电池包10的具体结构如图4所示，包括有箱体1和水平设置的锁轴3，其中，箱体1包括三个箱体单元11，三个箱体单元11之间形成两个间隙，且箱体单元11内设有对外充放电的电池模组60。沿车身纵梁的宽度方向B，锁轴31为多个并分为两组，两组锁轴31对称分布在箱体1上，具体的，每组锁轴3的多个锁轴3呈两列的方式布置在对应位置的间隙上方，且设置于车身支架30上的锁止机构40的对应位置处。
具体的，如图5和图6所示，每一个箱体单元11均包括箱体本体111、箱体盖板112和密封件113。其中，箱体本体111的上部敞开，内部形成电芯容纳槽1111，电芯容纳槽1111内放置有电池模组60，箱体盖板112覆盖在电芯容纳槽1111的槽口1112位置处，并覆盖和封闭整个槽口1112，密封件113垫在箱体本体111和箱体盖板112之间，以实现电芯容纳槽1111的密封。
本实施例中，密封件113采用的是发泡硅胶垫，发泡硅胶垫具有优良的电性能和化学稳定性，耐水、用于封闭箱体1的场合下能够起到较好的密封效果。
另外，如图6所示，本实施例中的箱体盖板112通过螺栓连接至箱体本体111，实现可拆卸连接，该螺栓还贯穿密封件113，使得密封件113在被压紧过程中产生的反作用力能够作用于螺栓，为螺栓固定提供压紧力，提高密封连接的可靠性，避免螺栓在长期使用过程中产生松动。
另外，电池包10还包括两块安装板4和两个有位于上述两个间隙内的间隙连接结构2，相邻的箱体单元11之间通过间隙连接结构2连接，间隙连接结构2分别连接于相邻箱体单元11的箱体本体111上。
两块安装板4通过间隙连接结构2设置在箱体1上，具体的，两块安装板4沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A设置在相邻箱体单元11之间，具体的，安装板4位于相邻箱体单元11之间的间隙上方，即每个间隙上方均设有一块安装板4，多个锁轴3的其中一端沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A依次排布在安装板4靠近锁止机构40的端面上。
具体的，本实施例中的间隙连接结构2包括有上板21与下板22，下板22的左右两端分别与相邻的箱体单元11的箱体本体111的底部连接，而上板21的两端分别与相邻的箱体单元11的箱体本体111的顶部连接。该间隙连接结构2，通过上板21和下板22对加强梁7起到水平方向上的限位。
如图9所示，电池包10还包括加强梁7，用于相对安装板4和间隙连接结构2实现加强连接，加强梁7在电池包10中的设置位置如图10所示，加强梁7的上端延伸至箱体1的上方，并且与安装板4连接，加强梁7的下端依次穿过间隙连接结构2的上板21和下板22，并分别与上板21和下板22焊接连接。通过设置加强梁7连接安装板4和间隙连接结构2，使得锁轴3在锁止时的作用力还将受到的作用力依次通过安装板、加强梁、间隙连接结构2传递到两侧的箱体单元处，进一步使得受力分散，避免应力集中。
如图11和图12所示，在安装板4的上端有第一延伸部41，第一延伸部41包裹加强梁7的上端，而在安装板4的下端还设有水平延伸的第二延伸部42，该第二延伸部42抵住上板21。通过使安装板4的上端和下端分别连接加强梁7以及间隙连接结构2的上板21，提高安装板4自身的连接稳固性。
如图10所示，位于间隙内的加强梁7有五根，这些加强梁7沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A均匀排布，并分别和安装板4以及间隙连接结构2进行连接，以加强安装板与相邻的箱体单元11之间的连接强度。
在其他具体实施方式中，多根加强梁7也可以不沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A均匀排布，也可以根据实际情况设置，此处不再赘述。
如图13所示，上板21的表面设有五个贯通的安装孔21a，用于供加强梁7穿过，并与加强梁7的侧壁相抵实现定位。
如图14所示，下板22包括依次连接的第一侧板221、顶板222与第二侧板223，其中，第一侧板221、顶板222与第二侧板223均为直板且构成开口朝下的U型结构，下板22通过第一侧板221和第二侧板223与对应侧的箱体单元11的箱体本体111进行连接，并且，加强梁7的下端穿在顶板222上的五个安装孔22a中，实现两者的定位连接。
从图15和图16中可以看出，在顶板222的下端面上设有竖筋23，以加强下板22在顶板222处的强度。
另外，在安装板4靠近车身纵梁20侧的端面4a上(也即设置锁轴3侧的端面)设置有导向块5，导向块5相对安装板4的端面4a以弹性设置的方式进行连接，导向块5背对于端面4a侧的表面为夹紧面51，用于与车身支架30的侧面进行抵接，实现沿车身纵梁的宽度方向B的定位。通过设置导向块5，在电动汽车用电池包在安装于车身支架30后，能够提高电动汽车用电池包相对电动汽车100的车身支架30的定位能力，避免电动汽车用电池包锁止在电动汽车100上时产生晃动。
并且，如图4所示，在导向块5远离安装板4的端面4a的一侧，倾斜设置有设有导 向面52，位于夹紧面51的上方，该导向面52沿着电池包10的高度方向自下而上，导向面52与安装板4逐渐靠近，实现通过导向面52实现车身纵梁20和车身支架30在水平方向上的导向定位。
从图4中可以看出，安装在安装板4上的锁轴3和导向块5沿水平方向是间隔设置，通过间隔设置的方式，使得导向块5能够避免与锁止机构40发生干涉。
另外，如图5和图6所示，箱体1还包括侧部加强结构115，该侧部加强结构115围设在整个箱体1的外侧，并且分别与各个箱体本体111的外表面通过焊接方式进行连接。通过设置侧部加强结构115，使得各个箱体本体111之间的连接进一步加强，箱体1的结构一体性更好。同时，由于侧部加强结构115仅用于加强，不具备容纳电池模组60的功能，因此可以在侧部加强结构115表面开设减重孔，以降低侧部加强结构115的重量，实现减重、轻量化目的。
电池包10还包括设置在箱体1侧面的第二电连接器6。第二电连接器6与车身支架30的第一电连接器50电连接，本实施例中，第二电连接器6设置在侧部加强结构115上对应第一电连接器50的位置处，且与各个箱体单元11内的电池模组电连接。
此外，如图5所示，在每一个箱体单元11的电芯容纳槽1111内还设有底部加强结构116，这些底部加强结构116固定在箱体本体111的内底面上，并且，底部加强结构116靠近箱体本体111的内壁设置，其两端分别固定在箱体本体111的内壁上。该底部加强结构116能够加强箱体本体111的底部强度，避免箱体本体111的底部因承载电池模组60的重量而受力变形。底部加强结构116在电芯容纳槽1111内的分布位置如图5所示，这些底部加强结构116平行间隔设置在箱体本体111内，如图8所示，设置在电芯容纳槽1111内的各个电池模组60同时承载并固定在这些底部加强结构116上，使得箱体本体111的底部通过这些底部加强结构116承载电池模组60，以便于电池模组60的重量在箱体本体111内分散，受力均匀。
如图5所示，在箱体1中还包括线缆管道114，线缆管道114设置在两个相邻的箱体单元11之间形成的间隙处且设置在靠近第二电连接器6的一侧，并沿水平方向与两个箱体单元11的箱体本体111的侧壁进行贯通，使得箱体单元11的电芯容纳槽1111能够通过线缆管道114相互连通。通过这种结构设置，使得不同箱体单元11内的电池模组60的线缆能够通过该线缆管道114汇集在同一个箱体单元11内，以便于线缆布线。
进一步的，如图7所示，为了加强箱体盖板112的结构强度，避免安装在箱体本体111上时产生变形，导致密封性变差，在箱体盖板112表面上还设有加强结构，具体的，加强结构包括在箱体盖板112朝向远离箱体本体111的方向突起的突起部1121(参见图5)与加强筋1122，突起部1121形成开口朝向箱体本体111方向的加强槽1121a，加强筋1122设置在该加强槽内，本实施例中，加强筋1122为截面呈弧形的条状结构，从而提高箱体盖板112处的结构强度，避免长期使用过程中产生凹陷变形。
如图3所示，本实施例中位于箱体盖板112表面的加强槽1121a是沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A延伸的，并且，单个加强槽1121a内设有多个加强筋1122，这些加强筋1122也是沿着车身纵梁的长度方向A分布在加强槽1121a内的。
实施例2
本实施例还提供一种电池包10，其结构与实施例1中提供的电池包10的结构大致相同，不同之处在于，如图17所示，本实施例中，对应于同一组锁轴3设置的安装板4有两个，均设置在对应的间隙上方，两个安装板4相对平行设置，锁轴3的两端分别与安装板4进行连接，
锁止机构40具有水平贯通的呈倒L型的通槽，使得锁止机构40沿从上至下的方向进入两块安装板4之间的区域，以使锁轴3锁在锁止机构40的通槽内实现锁止，这种结构设置方案，可以使得锁轴3与锁止机构40的连接更加牢固与稳定。
在其他具体实施方式中，也可以不设置车身支架30，而是直接将锁止机构40可以设置在车身纵梁20的侧面上，当电池包连接在车身纵梁20上时，电池包位于车身纵梁20的下方，且锁止机构与锁轴的连接点的高度高于车身纵梁20的下端，导向块5的夹紧面51用于夹住车身纵梁的侧面，处不再赘述。
在其他具体方式中，锁止机构与锁轴的锁止配合也可以采用T型锁止方式或者螺纹锁止方式代替，以下针对两种方式进行简要介绍。
第一种：T型锁止方式
锁止机构包括锁止座，锁止座具有沿竖直方向延伸的第一开孔，第一开孔内设有第一螺纹部，该第一螺纹部为内螺纹，锁止配合机构包括安装座和解锁杆，该安装座内沿竖直方向延伸的第二开孔，解锁杆竖向设置在第二开孔内，该解锁杆可相对于安装座在竖直方向移动且解锁杆上设有与第一螺纹部相配合的第二螺纹部，第二螺纹部能够与第一螺纹部啮合，从而实现锁止机构与锁止配合机构的锁止和解锁。
第二种：螺纹锁止方式
锁止机构包括锁止座，锁止座具有沿竖直方向延伸的第一开孔，该第一开孔内设有限位部，第一开孔为方形孔且第一开孔的上方形成该限位部，锁止配合机构包括解锁杆，该解锁杆的上端设有止挡部，止挡部包括沿水平方向延伸的锁止杆，该锁止杆为柱状体且水平设置在解锁杆的顶部，锁止杆与解锁杆共同构成T型结构。
当锁止杆处于第一角度时，锁止杆能够穿过第一开孔并进入锁止座的限位部内，当锁止杆旋转至第二角度时，锁止杆能够被限制在限位部内，从而使得锁止机构与锁止配合机构相对固定。
上述实施例中，充分利用车身纵梁20下方的高度空间，在换电设备对电池包10进行拆卸时，空载的换电设备可以直接进入电池包10的下方空间，且不与电动汽车100的底部产生干涉；在换电设备对电池包10进行安装时，承载有电池包10的换电设备也可以直接进入车身纵梁20的下方进行换电，且不与电动汽车100的底部产生干涉。整个过程中，既不需要举升车身，也不需要设置下沉式空间或挖坑用于供换电设备进出，降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种电动汽车用电池包，其安装于电动汽车的车身纵梁上，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包包括：
    箱体，所述箱体包括至少两个箱体单元，所述箱体单元内设有对外充放电的电池模组；
    水平设置的锁轴，所述锁轴设于两个相邻所述箱体单元之间的上方且对应于所述车身纵梁上的锁止机构的位置处。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述箱体上设有安装板，所述锁轴的一端与所述安装板连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述锁轴的两端均与所述安装板连接。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述安装板至少部分设于两个相邻箱体单元之间。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述安装板沿着所述车身纵梁的长度方向延伸；
    优选地，所述锁轴为多个，并沿车身纵梁的长度方向依次分布在所述安装板靠近所述锁止机构的端面上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括导向块，所述导向块弹性设置在所述安装板靠近所述车身纵梁的端面上，所述导向块具有夹紧面，用于与所述车身纵梁的侧面相抵接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述导向块远离所述箱体的一端倾斜设有导向面，沿着所述电动汽车用电池包的高度方向自下而上，所述导向面与安装板逐渐靠近；
    和/或，所述锁轴和导向块在所述安装板上沿水平方向间隔设置。
  8. 如权利要求5至7所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，每个所述箱体单元均包括：
    箱体本体，所述箱体本体内设有用于放置电池模组的电芯容纳槽；
    箱体盖板，所述箱体盖板可拆卸连接于所述箱体本体的电芯容纳槽的槽口处并封闭所述槽口。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，相邻所述箱体单元之间具有间隙，所述箱体还包括：
    间隙连接结构，相邻所述箱体单元通过所述间隙连接结构连接，所述间隙连接结构分别连接于相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体上；
    所述安装板设置在所述间隙连接结构上；
    优选地，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括加强梁，所述加强梁的第一端延伸至所述箱体的上方且与所述安装板连接，所述加强梁的第二端与所述间隙连接结构连接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述间隙连接结构包括上 板与下板，所述下板的两端分别与相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体的底部连接，所述上板的两端分别与相邻所述箱体单元的箱体本体的顶部连接；
    所述加强梁的第二端穿过所述上板后与所述下板连接；
    和/或，
    所述加强梁为多根，多根所述加强梁沿着车身纵梁的长度方向排布。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述安装板的上端有第一延伸部，所述第一延伸部包裹所述加强梁的第一端；
    和/或，
    所述安装板的下端有第二延伸部，所述第二延伸部抵住所述上板。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述下板包括依次连接的第一侧板、顶板与第二侧板，所述下板通过所述第一侧板、第二侧板与对应侧的所述箱体单元的箱体本体连接，所述加强梁的第二端与所述顶板连接；
    所述顶板的端面上设有竖筋。
  13. 如权利要求8-12任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述箱体单元还包括密封件，所述密封件环设于所述电芯容纳槽的槽口，并夹设于所述箱体本体和所述箱体盖板之间；
    优选地，所述密封件为发泡硅胶垫。
  14. 如权利要求8-13任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述箱体盖板表面具有加强结构。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述加强结构包括所述箱体盖板朝向远离所述箱体本体的方向突起的突起部与加强筋，所述突起部形成开口朝向所述箱体本体方向的加强槽，所述加强槽内设有所述加强筋；
    优选地，所述加强槽沿着车身纵梁的长度方向延伸；
    所述加强筋为多个，多个所述加强筋沿着所述车身纵梁的长度方向排布于所述加强槽内。
  16. 如权利要求8-15任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括：用于与所述车身纵梁上的第一电连接器对接的第二电连接器，所述第二电连接器设置于所述箱体对应于所述第一电连接器的位置处，且所述第二电连接器与所述电池模组电连接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述箱体还包括：
    线缆管道，相邻所述箱体单元的电芯容纳槽通过所述线缆管道连通；
    优选地，所述线缆管道靠近所述第二电连接器设置。
  18. 如权利要求8-17任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括侧部加强结构，所述侧部加强结构围设在所述箱体的外侧，所述侧部加强结构分别与各所述箱体本体的外表面连接；
    优选地，所述侧部加强结构设有减重孔。
  19. 如权利要求8-18任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，其特征在于，所述电动汽车用电池包还包括底部加强结构，所述底部加强结构固定在所述箱体本体的内底面上，所述 底部加强结构的两端分别延伸至所述箱体本体的内壁上；
    优选地，所述底部加强结构为多个，多个所述底部加强结构平行间隔设置在所述箱体本体内，所述电池模组同时承载并设置于多个所述底部加强结构上；和/或，
    在沿所述车身纵梁的宽度方向，所述锁轴为多个并分为两组，两组所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，所述箱体包括三个所述箱体单元，三个所述箱体单元间隔分布且其中两个所述箱体单元位于两组对称设置的所述锁轴的外侧，另一个所述箱体单元设置在两组对称设置的所述锁轴之间。
  20. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，包括车身纵梁和如权利要求1-19中任一项所述的电动汽车用电池包，所述车身纵梁上设有锁止机构，所述电动汽车用电池包通过所述锁轴、锁止机构配合可拆卸连接于所述车身纵梁上。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述电动汽车还包括车身支架，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架上，所述车身支架设置于所述车身纵梁上。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述锁止机构与所述锁轴的连接点的高度高于所述车身支架或车身纵梁的下端的高度；
    和/或，
    所述电动汽车用电池包的锁轴为多个，所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，且锁轴的自由端相对设置，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架的相背侧；或，所述电动汽车用电池包的锁轴为多个，所述锁轴对称分布在所述箱体上，且锁轴的自由端相背设置，所述锁止机构设置于所述车身支架的相对侧。
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