WO2023098761A1 - 解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆 - Google Patents

解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098761A1
WO2023098761A1 PCT/CN2022/135652 CN2022135652W WO2023098761A1 WO 2023098761 A1 WO2023098761 A1 WO 2023098761A1 CN 2022135652 W CN2022135652 W CN 2022135652W WO 2023098761 A1 WO2023098761 A1 WO 2023098761A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
linkage structure
unlocking
linkage
locking mechanism
output end
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/135652
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
仇丹梁
刘猛
张小春
赵明焕
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023098761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098761A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an unlocking linkage device, a battery pack assembly and an electric vehicle.
  • the battery installation methods of existing electric vehicles are generally divided into fixed installation and replaceable installation.
  • the fixed installation battery is generally fixed on the car; while the replaceable revolving battery is generally installed in a movable manner, and the battery can be installed at any time. Take it off for replacement or charging, and then install it on the car body after the replacement or charging is completed.
  • the battery may fall. Once the battery falls, it will be very dangerous for the driving vehicle. Dangerous, directly threatening the personal safety of the people on board. Therefore, how to securely lock the battery on the vehicle and at the same time facilitate the disassembly of the battery is an urgent problem to be solved in order to ensure the safety of the electric vehicle at this stage.
  • the unlocking mechanism needs to go through the battery pack to unlock the battery pack and the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle, the alignment accuracy is poor, and the unlocking efficiency is low.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to securely lock the battery on the vehicle and at the same time improve the alignment accuracy of the unlocking mechanism and the locking mechanism, so as to provide an unlocking linkage device, a battery pack assembly and an electric vehicle.
  • An unlocking linkage device which is arranged on the battery pack, and is used to unlock the battery pack and a locking mechanism on the vehicle;
  • the unlocking linkage device includes an input end and an output end elastically connected in a first direction, The input end of the unlocking linkage device in an initial state is acted on by an external device and loaded with a load in a first direction so that the output end pushes the locking mechanism for unlocking.
  • the unlocking linkage device is set on the battery pack, and the unlocking mechanism directly acts on the unlocking linkage device to drive the unlocking of the battery pack and the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle.
  • the alignment accuracy is high, and the unlocking efficiency can be improved.
  • the input end pushes the output end to move to unlock the locking mechanism. Since the input end and the output end are elastically connected in the first direction, when the output end touches the locking mechanism, the input end The elastic force between the output end and the output end buffers the collision force between the output end and the locking mechanism, avoiding a hard impact on the locking mechanism, thereby facilitating the durability of the output end and the locking mechanism.
  • the unlocking linkage device includes a first linkage structure and a second linkage structure, and the first linkage structure is elastically connected to the second linkage structure.
  • the elastic connection between the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure can buffer the force between the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure, further buffer the collision force between the unlocking linkage device and the locking mechanism, and avoid Hard impact on the locking mechanism, which is conducive to the durability of the unlocking linkage and locking mechanism.
  • the first linkage structure is connected to the second linkage structure through a first elastic part.
  • the first elastic part provides elastic force for the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure, which can buffer the force between the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure, and further buffer the gap between the unlocking linkage device and the locking mechanism
  • the collision force avoids the hard impact on the locking mechanism.
  • the unlocking linkage device further includes a mounting structure, the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure are mounted on the mounting structures respectively, and the unlocking linkage device is mounted on the battery through the mounting structure on the bag.
  • the installation structure is used to connect the input end and the output end together to realize the function of unlocking the locking mechanism.
  • the first elastic part is also placed in a compressed state, thereby There is always an interaction force between the input end and the output end, and when the locking mechanism is unlocked, when the output end touches the locking mechanism, the first elastic portion is further compressed.
  • the first linkage structure is sleeve-connected with the second linkage structure.
  • first linkage structure and the second linkage structure are sleeved and connected, which is convenient for the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure to ensure that they do not shift when they move relative to each other, which is conducive to the precise positioning of the input end and the output end, and ensures the unlocking. Effect.
  • the second linkage structure is elastically connected to the installation structure.
  • the second linkage structure and the installation structure are elastically connected, the first linkage structure exerts a driving force on the second linkage structure, and there is an elastic force between the second linkage structure and the installation structure, which can buffer the impact of the first linkage structure on the second linkage structure.
  • the driving force of the second linkage structure further buffers the impact force of the second linkage structure on the locking mechanism.
  • the second linkage structure sleeves the first linkage structure
  • the first linkage structure includes the input end and the output end
  • the first elastic part sleeves the first linkage structure and the Two ends of the first elastic part abut against the input end of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure respectively.
  • the first elastic part is in a compressed state, and the input end of the first linkage structure is pushed when unlocking. Since the position of the second linkage structure is fixed, the first elastic part is further compressed, and the first linkage structure is affected by the first linkage structure.
  • the elastic force of the elastic part buffers the impact force of the output end of the first linkage structure on the locking mechanism.
  • the first linkage structure is a guide rod
  • the second linkage structure is a guide sleeve
  • the two ends of the guide rod are respectively the input end and the output end
  • the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod
  • the position of the guide sleeve is fixed
  • the first elastic part is sleeved on the guide rod
  • the two ends of the first elastic part respectively Rely on the input end of the guide rod and the guide sleeve.
  • the top of the guide rod is a planar structure.
  • the top of the guide rod is set as a plane structure, that is, the output end is a plane structure, which can increase the contact area between the output end and the locking mechanism, and the applied load is a surface load, which is conducive to the uniform force of the locking mechanism and buffer The impact force of the output end of the guide rod against the locking mechanism.
  • the first linkage structure includes the input end
  • the second linkage structure includes the output end
  • first linkage structure and the second linkage structure are slidably connected in a first direction.
  • first linkage structure and the second linkage structure are slidingly connected and guide each other, which avoids the deviation of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure during the movement process, and improves the stability of the unlocking linkage device.
  • one of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure has a guide hole, and the other has a guide post, and the guide hole and the guide post are slidably connected in a first direction.
  • the guide hole is used to guide the guide column, and the guide column will not break away from the guide hole, which improves the stability of the unlocking linkage device.
  • the first linkage structure includes an input unlocking lever, and the input unlocking lever is used to push the second linkage structure to move in the first direction under the action of an external force; in an initial state, the input unlocking lever is Under the action of the first elastic part, it abuts against the installation structure.
  • the input unlocking lever is provided with an input end, and the two ends of the first elastic part respectively abut against the input unlocking lever and the second linkage structure to slow down the force between the input unlocking lever and the second linkage structure; in the initial state , using the first elastic part to limit the input unlocking lever on the installation structure to prevent the input unlocking lever from falling off.
  • the input unlocking lever includes a first lever section and a second lever section connected in sequence, and the second lever section is slidably connected with the second linkage structure;
  • the installation structure includes a connecting plate through which the first rod section passes. In an initial state, the end surface of the second rod section abuts against the connecting plate.
  • the input end is located at the first rod segment, and the first rod segment and the second rod segment are pushed along the first direction, thereby compressing the first elastic part between the second rod segment and the second linkage structure.
  • the second rod section leans against the connecting plate.
  • the input unlocking lever includes a guide hole for guiding the second linkage structure, and the second linkage structure is inserted into the guide hole.
  • a guide hole is set on the input unlocking lever, and the guiding hole is used to guide the second linkage structure.
  • the second linkage structure will not break away from the guide hole, and the sliding connection and guiding relationship between the input unlocking lever and the second linkage structure are realized. , to improve runtime stability.
  • the first elastic part is sleeved on the second linkage structure, and the two ends of the first elastic part abut against the end surface of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure respectively.
  • the first elastic part can buffer the force between the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure, and further buffer the impact force of the second linkage structure on the locking mechanism.
  • the first elastic part is arranged in the guide hole.
  • the first elastic part is arranged in the guide hole.
  • the first elastic part acts on the second linkage structure, which can buffer the impact of the first linkage structure on the second linkage structure.
  • the driving force is used to buffer the impact force of the second linkage structure on the locking mechanism.
  • the second linkage structure includes an output unlocking lever, and the output unlocking lever is used to move and unlock the locking mechanism under the push of the first linkage structure.
  • the locking mechanism is unlocked by using the movement of the output unlocking shaft in the first direction, and the structure is compact and occupies little space.
  • one end of the output unlocking lever is plugged into the first linkage structure, and the two ends of the first elastic part abut against the first linkage structure and the first limiting part of the output unlocking lever respectively.
  • the output unlocking lever is plugged into the first linkage structure, and the two guide each other to make the operation more stable; the first elastic part is limited between the first limiting part and the first linkage structure for buffering The driving force of the first linkage structure to the output unlocking lever.
  • the output unlocking lever includes a second limiting portion, and in an initial state, the second limiting portion abuts against the installation structure.
  • the second limiting portion of the output unlocking lever abuts against the installation structure, further increasing the stability of the output unlocking lever.
  • the unlocking linkage device further includes a second elastic part, the second elastic part is sleeved on the output unlocking lever, and the two ends of the second elastic part respectively abut against the output unlocking lever and the output unlocking lever.
  • the second elastic portion in an initial state, the second elastic portion is in a compressed state.
  • the second elastic part can buffer the output unlocking lever and the impact force on the locking mechanism, which increases the length of the allowable buffer, further protects the output unlocking lever and the locking mechanism, and improves the output of the unlocking lever and the locking mechanism. durability.
  • the output end further includes a third limiting portion, and the lower end of the second elastic portion abuts against the third limiting portion.
  • the two ends of the second elastic part respectively abut against the installation structure and the third limiting part.
  • the output unlocking lever is pushed by the first linkage structure, the second elastic part is further compressed to unlock the output.
  • the movement of the rod acts as a buffer.
  • the output unlocking lever includes a first shaft segment, a second shaft segment, and a third shaft segment connected in sequence and having an outer diameter that increases sequentially, the first shaft segment is plugged into the first linkage structure, The first elastic portion is sleeved on the first shaft section, the second shaft section is elastically connected to the installation structure in the first direction, and the third shaft section is used to trigger the lock stop agency.
  • the output unlocking lever is divided into a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section, which facilitates the first elastic part and the second elastic cloth to be sleeved on the first shaft section and the second shaft section respectively.
  • the variable section of the output unlocking lever is used to abut against the first elastic part and the second elastic part, which facilitates installation and simplifies the structure.
  • the installation structure includes a connecting plate and a mounting frame mounted on the connecting plate, and the first linkage structure and/or the second linkage structure passes through the top of the mounting frame.
  • the connecting plate can play a role of positioning and limiting the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure, ensuring the stability of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure.
  • the second linkage structure passes through the top of the installation frame, and in an initial state, the end of the first linkage structure abuts against the connecting plate.
  • the mounting frame plays the role of positioning and limiting the first linkage structure, ensuring the stability of the first linkage structure in a working state.
  • the first linkage structure passes through the connecting plate and connects to the second linkage structure
  • the second linkage structure passes through the top of the installation frame.
  • the second linkage structure and the second linkage structure The installation frame is elastically connected, and the second linkage structure is abutted against the installation frame, and/or the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure are elastically connected, and the first linkage structure The structure rests against the web.
  • the second linkage structure passes through the installation frame, and the installation frame plays the role of limiting and protecting the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure.
  • the second linkage structure is elastically connected to the installation frame and the second linkage structure and The elastic connection of the first linkage structure buffers the load applied to the first linkage structure along the first direction.
  • the second linkage structure is elastically connected to the installation frame, which can increase the reaction force and avoid the impact of vibration on the unlocking linkage device during driving.
  • the connecting plate includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate
  • the horizontal plate is used for detachable connection with the battery pack
  • the two sides of the horizontal plate are respectively provided with the vertical plate
  • the mounting bracket and the first linkage structure is arranged between the two vertical plates.
  • the horizontal plate and the vertical plate form a surrounding structure for the input end of the first linkage structure, which is convenient for applying a load in the first direction to the input end, and the horizontal plate is detachably connected with the battery pack, which facilitates the inspection and unlocking of the linkage device. replace.
  • the installation frame includes a pair of lateral protective plates and a limiting plate, the limiting plate is arranged on the top ends of the two lateral protective plates and connects the two lateral protective plates,
  • the limiting plate is elastically connected to the output end, and in an initial state, the second linkage structure abuts against the limiting plate under the action of elastic force.
  • the installation frame protects the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure from the side, and the limiting plate plays the role of limiting and elastically connecting the second linkage structure.
  • the installation frame further includes a guide plate for guiding the output end, and the guide plate is installed between the two side protection plates.
  • the guide plate is arranged along the circumferential direction of the second linkage structure, which further limits the position of the second linkage structure and improves the stability of the output end.
  • a battery pack assembly comprising a battery pack and the above-mentioned unlocking linkage device; the unlocking linkage device passes through the battery pack from bottom to top, and the input end is located at the bottom of the battery pack.
  • the unlocking linkage device is arranged on the battery pack, and the unlocking mechanism directly acts on the unlocking linkage device to drive the unlocking of the battery pack and the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle.
  • the alignment accuracy is high, and the unlocking efficiency can be improved.
  • An electric vehicle comprising a battery mounting frame, a locking mechanism and the above-mentioned battery pack assembly, the locking mechanism is arranged on the battery mounting frame, and the locking mechanism is used for locking the shaft of the battery Cooperating with locking, the unlocking linkage device is used to unlock the locking mechanism and the lock shaft.
  • the locking mechanism locks the battery firmly on the vehicle, and the unlocking linkage device can easily and quickly unlock the locking mechanism, with high alignment accuracy and no excessive impact on the locking mechanism, which facilitates the disassembly of the battery pack components .
  • the unlocking linkage device is arranged on the battery pack, and the unlocking mechanism directly acts on the unlocking linkage device to drive the unlocking of the battery pack and the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle.
  • the alignment accuracy is high, and the unlocking efficiency can be improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack assembly and the electric vehicle of the present invention after installation.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 at a viewing angle.
  • this embodiment provides an unlocking linkage device 8, which is applied in the battery replacement technology of electric vehicles.
  • the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked;
  • the unlocking linkage 8 includes an elastically connected input end 100 and an output end 200 in the first direction, and the input end 100 of the unlocking linkage 8 in the initial state is acted on by an external device and loaded in the first direction.
  • the load makes the output end 200 push the locking mechanism 7 to unlock.
  • the vehicle In the battery replacement technology of electric vehicles, the vehicle has a locking mechanism 7, which is installed on the vehicle by connecting the battery pack with the locking mechanism 7. When unlocking, it needs to have an active force to push the locking mechanism 7 to achieve this.
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 of the embodiment is used to push the locking mechanism 7, which has high alignment accuracy and can improve unlocking efficiency.
  • the unlocking process is as follows: the power exchange equipment in the power exchange station loads the input end 100 in the first direction, and the input end 100 pushes the output end 200 to move to unlock the locking mechanism 7 . After the power exchange device exerts force on the input end 100 disappears, the input end 100 and the output end 200 return to the initial state under the action of the elastic force.
  • the elastic force between the input end 100 and the output end 200 buffers the output end 200 and the locking mechanism
  • the collision force between 7 avoids a hard impact on the locking mechanism 7, which is beneficial to the durability of the output end 200 and the locking mechanism 7.
  • the first direction is the up-down direction, that is, the input end 100 and the output end 200 are set up and down, wherein the input end 100 is located at the bottom, the output end 200 is located at the top, and the power exchange device pushes the input end 100 to move from the bottom of the battery pack.
  • the input end 100 and the output end 200 are disposed on different components, but in other embodiments, the input end 100 and the output end 200 may be located on the same component.
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 includes a first linkage structure 1 and a second linkage structure 2, the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are elastically connected, the elastic force between them is in the first direction, and the second linkage structure 2 One of the linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 has an output end 200 .
  • the elastic connection between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 can buffer the force between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2, and further buffer the collision force between the unlocking linkage device 8 and the locking mechanism 7, Hard impact on the locking mechanism 7 is avoided, thereby facilitating the durability of the unlocking linkage device 8 and the locking mechanism 7 .
  • first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are connected through the first elastic part 3 .
  • the elastic force of the first elastic part 3 is in the first direction.
  • the first elastic part 3 provides elastic force for the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2, which can buffer the force between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2, and further buffer the unlocking linkage device 8 and the locking mechanism 7, avoiding the hard impact on the locking mechanism 7.
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 further includes a mounting structure 4 on which the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are mounted respectively, and the unlocking linkage device 8 is mounted on the battery pack through the mounting structure 4 .
  • the input end 100 and the output end 200 are connected together by the installation structure 4, and the function of unlocking the locking mechanism 7 is realized.
  • the first elastic part 3 When the input end 100 and the output end 200 are installed on the installation structure 4, the first elastic part 3 is also placed in the Compressed state, so that the interaction force is always maintained between the input end 100 and the output end 200, when the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked, when the output end 200 contacts the locking mechanism 7, the first elastic part 3 is further compressed, When the active force of the power exchange equipment is removed, the first elastic part 3 automatically resets the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 .
  • first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are sleeved and connected, so that the two form a mutual guiding relationship, which is convenient for the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 to ensure that they are not biased when they move relative to each other.
  • the pendulum is beneficial to the precise positioning of the input end 100 and the output end 200 and ensures the unlocking effect.
  • the second linkage structure 2 is elastically connected to the installation structure 4 , and the elastic force between the two is in the first direction.
  • the second linkage structure 2 and the installation structure 4 are elastically connected, the first linkage structure 1 exerts a driving force on the second linkage structure 2, and there is an elastic force between the second linkage structure 2 and the installation structure 4, which can buffer the first linkage structure 1 to the driving force of the second linkage structure 2, and then buffer the impact force of the second linkage structure 2 on the locking mechanism 7.
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 has two stages of elastic preload, that is, the elastic preload generated by the first elastic part 3 between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 and the second linkage structure 2 and the installation structure
  • the elastic preload between 4, the setting of two-stage elastic preload increases the effective stroke of the output end 200 and improves the preload effect.
  • the first linkage structure 1 includes an input end 100
  • the second linkage structure 2 includes an output end 200 .
  • the input end 100 and the output end 200 are arranged on different components.
  • the input end 100 and the output end 200 can be located on the same component.
  • first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are slidably connected in the first direction.
  • the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are slidably connected, and the two guide each other, which avoids the deviation of the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 during the movement process, and improves the stability of the unlocking linkage device 8 .
  • the first linkage structure 1 has a guide hole 11
  • the second linkage structure 2 has a guide post 21
  • the guide hole 11 is plugged into the guide post 21 , and is slidably connected with the guide post 21 in the first direction.
  • the guide post 21 will not break away from the guide hole 11, which improves the stability of the unlocking linkage device 8.
  • the first linkage structure 1 has a guide post 21, and the second linkage structure 2 has a guide hole 11, and the relationship between the guide post 21 and the guide hole 11 is the same as in this embodiment.
  • the first linkage structure 1 includes an input unlocking lever 12, and the input unlocking lever 12 is used to push the second linkage structure 2 to move in the first direction under the action of an external force; in the initial state, the input unlocking lever 12 An elastic part 3 abuts against the mounting structure 4 under the action of the elastic part 3 .
  • the input unlocking lever 12 is provided with an input end 100, and the two ends of the first elastic part 3 respectively abut against the input unlocking lever 12 and the second linkage structure 2 to slow down the force between the input unlocking lever 12 and the second linkage structure 2; In the initial state, the first elastic part 3 is used to limit the input unlocking lever 12 on the installation structure 4 to prevent the input unlocking lever 12 from shaking and falling off.
  • the input unlocking lever 12 includes a first rod segment 121 and a second rod segment 122 connected in sequence, the outer diameter of the second rod segment 122 is larger than the outer diameter of the first rod segment 121, so that the second rod segment 122 The position adjacent to the first rod segment 121 protrudes radially outward to form a limiting surface; the second rod segment 122 is slidingly connected with the second linkage structure 2; the installation structure 4 includes a connecting plate 41, and the first rod segment 121 is penetrated The connecting plate 41 is slidably connected; in the initial state, the end surface of the second rod segment 122 is against the connecting plate 41 , and the limiting surface is attached to the connecting plate 41 .
  • the input end 100 is located on the first rod segment 121 , pushes the first rod segment 121 and the second rod segment 122 along the first direction, and then compresses the first elastic part 3 between the second rod segment 122 and the second linkage structure 2 .
  • the second rod section 122 is abutted against the connecting plate 41 under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic portion 3 .
  • the input unlocking lever 12 includes a guide hole 11 for guiding the second linkage structure 2 , and the second linkage structure 2 is inserted into the guide hole 11 .
  • a guide hole 11 is set on the input unlocking lever 12, and the second linkage structure 2 is guided by using the guide hole 11.
  • the second linkage structure 2 will not break away from the guide hole 11, and the sliding of the input unlocking lever 12 and the second linkage structure 2 is realized. Link and guide relationships to improve runtime stability.
  • the first elastic part 3 is sheathed on the second linkage structure 2 and the two ends of the first elastic part 3 abut against the end surface of the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 respectively.
  • the first elastic part 3 adopts a coil spring, the lower end of the first elastic part 3 abuts against the end face of the second rod segment 122, and the upper end of the first elastic part 3 contacts the end face of the second shaft segment 225 of the second linkage structure 2.
  • the first elastic part 3 can buffer the force between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 , thereby buffering the impact force of the second linkage structure 2 on the locking mechanism 7 .
  • the first elastic portion 3 may be disposed in the guide hole 11 .
  • the first elastic part 3 is in a compressed state, and the elastic force of the first elastic part 3 makes the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure 2 abut against the installation structure 4 respectively.
  • the second linkage structure 2 includes an output unlocking lever 22 for moving and unlocking the locking mechanism 7 under the push of the first linkage structure 1 .
  • the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked by using the movement of the output unlocking lever 22 in the first direction, which has a compact structure and takes up little space.
  • one end of the output unlocking lever 22 is inserted into the first linkage structure 1 , and the two ends of the first elastic part 3 abut against the first linkage structure 1 and the first limiting portion 221 of the output unlocking lever 22 respectively.
  • the output unlocking lever 22 is plugged into the first linkage structure 1, and the two are guided to each other, and the operation is more stable; the first elastic part 3 is limited between the first limiting part 221 and the first linkage structure 1 for Buffer the driving force of the first linkage structure 1 on the output unlocking lever 22 .
  • the output unlocking lever 22 includes a second limiting portion 222 .
  • the second limiting portion 222 abuts against the installation structure 4 , which further increases the stability of the output unlocking lever 22 .
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 further includes a second elastic part 5, the second elastic part 5 is sleeved on the output unlocking lever 22, and the two ends of the second elastic part 5 abut against the output unlocking lever 22 and the installation structure 4 respectively. , in the initial state, the second elastic portion 5 is in a compressed state. The second elastic part 5 can buffer the output unlocking lever 22 and the collision force against the locking mechanism 7 , which increases the length allowed for buffering.
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 has two stages of elastic preload, that is, the elastic preload generated by the first elastic part 3 between the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 and the output unlocking lever 22 and the installation structure 4
  • the elastic preload between them, setting two-stage elastic preload increases the effective stroke of the output end 200 and improves the preload effect.
  • the output end 200 further includes a third limiting portion 223 , and the upper end of the second elastic portion 5 abuts against the third limiting portion 223 .
  • the two ends of the second elastic part 5 respectively abut against the installation structure 4 and the third limiting part 223.
  • the output unlocking lever 22 includes a first shaft section 224, a second shaft section 225, and a third shaft section 226 that are sequentially connected and whose outer diameter increases sequentially.
  • the first shaft section 224 is inserted into the first linkage structure 1
  • the first elastic part 3 is sleeved on the first shaft section 224
  • the second shaft section 225 is elastically connected with the installation structure 4 in the first direction
  • the third shaft section 226 is used to trigger the locking mechanism 7 .
  • the guide column 21 is formed on the first shaft section 224 to form a sliding connection relationship with the second rod section 122 .
  • the outer diameter of the second shaft section 225 is larger than the outer diameter of the first shaft section 224 , so that the above-mentioned first limiting portion 221 is formed on the end surface of the second shaft section 225 .
  • the outer diameter of the third shaft section 226 is larger than the outer diameter of the second shaft section 225 , so that the above-mentioned second limiting portion 222 is formed on the end surface of the third shaft section 226 .
  • the output unlocking lever 22 is divided into a first shaft section 224, a second shaft section 225 and a third shaft section 226, so that the first elastic part 3 and the second elastic part 5 are respectively sleeved on the first shaft section 224 and the second shaft section 225, and the variable section of the output unlocking lever 22 is used to abut against the first elastic part 3 and the second elastic part 5, which facilitates installation and simplifies the structure.
  • the mounting structure 4 includes a connecting plate 41 and a mounting frame 42 mounted on the connecting plate 41 , and the second linkage structure 2 passes through the top of the mounting frame 42 .
  • the connecting plate 41 is installed on the box body of the battery pack, and can position and limit the first linkage structure 1 , thereby ensuring the stability of the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 .
  • both the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 may pass through the top of the installation frame 42 .
  • the second linkage structure 2 passes through the top of the installation frame 42 , and in the reset state, the end of the first linkage structure 1 abuts against the connecting plate 41 .
  • the mounting frame 42 plays a role of positioning and limiting the first linkage structure 1 , ensuring the stability of the first linkage structure 1 in a working state.
  • the first linkage structure 1 passes through the connecting plate 41 and connects to the second linkage structure 2, and the second linkage structure 2 passes through the top of the mounting frame 42.
  • the second linkage structure 2 is elastically connected to the mounting frame 42 , and make the second linkage structure 2 lean against the mounting frame 42 , and/or, the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are elastically connected, and make the first linkage structure 1 lean against the connecting plate 41 .
  • the second linkage structure 2 passes through the mounting frame 42, and the mounting frame 42 plays the role of limiting and protecting the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2.
  • the second linkage structure 2 and the mounting frame 42 are elastically connected and the second linkage
  • the structure 2 is elastically connected to the first linkage structure 1, buffering the load applied to the first linkage structure 1 along the first direction.
  • the connecting plate 41 includes a horizontal plate 411 and a vertical plate 412.
  • the horizontal plate 411 is used for detachable connection with the battery pack.
  • the two sides of the horizontal plate 411 are respectively provided with a vertical plate 412, a mounting frame 42 and a first
  • the linkage structure 1 is arranged between two vertical plates 412 .
  • the horizontal plate 411 and the vertical plate 412 form a surrounding structure for the input end 100 of the first linkage structure 1, which is convenient for applying a load in the first direction to the input end 100, and the horizontal plate 411 is detachably connected with the battery pack, which is convenient for unlocking the linkage device 8 inspection and replacement.
  • the mounting frame 42 includes a pair of side protection plates 421 and a limit plate 422, the limit plate 422 is arranged on the top of the two side protection plates 421, and connects the two side protection plates 421,
  • the limiting plate 422 is elastically connected to the output end 200 , and in the reset state, the second linkage structure 2 abuts against the limiting plate 422 under the action of the elastic force.
  • the installation frame 42 plays a role of protecting the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 from the side, and the limiting plate 422 plays the role of limiting and elastically connecting the second linkage structure 2 .
  • the installation frame 42 further includes a guide plate 423 for guiding the output end 200 , and the guide plate 423 is installed between the two side protection plates 421 .
  • the guide plate 423 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the second linkage structure 2 to further limit the position of the second linkage structure 2 and improve the stability of the output end 200 .
  • This embodiment provides an unlocking linkage device, which differs from Embodiment 1 mainly in the specific structures of the first linkage structure 1 , the second linkage structure 2 and the installation structure 4 , which will be described in detail below.
  • the unlocking linkage device of this embodiment includes a first linkage structure 1 , a second linkage structure 2 , a first elastic part 3 and an installation structure.
  • the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 are elastically connected in the first direction through the first elastic portion 3 .
  • the second linkage structure 2 is sleeved with the first linkage structure 1
  • the first linkage structure 1 includes an input end 100 and an output end 200
  • the first elastic part 3 is sleeved with the first linkage structure 1 and the first elastic part 3
  • the two ends of each abut against the input end 100 of the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 respectively.
  • the first elastic part 3 is in a compressed state.
  • the input end 100 of the first linkage structure 1 is pushed. Since the position of the second linkage structure 2 is fixed, the first elastic part 3 is further compressed, and the first linkage structure 1 is pressed.
  • the elastic force of the first elastic portion 3 buffers the collision force of the output end 200 of the first linkage structure 1 against the locking mechanism.
  • the first linkage structure 1 is a guide rod
  • the second linkage structure 2 is a guide sleeve.
  • the two ends of the guide rod are the input end 100 and the output end 200 respectively, and the lower end of the guide rod includes a limiting structure protruding outward in the radial direction, and the limiting structure abuts against the first elastic part 3 .
  • the upper end of the guide rod has a jack that cooperates with the locking mechanism 7 .
  • the guide sleeve is sleeved with the guide rod, and the position of the guide sleeve is fixed.
  • the first elastic part 3 is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the first elastic part 3 respectively abut against the input end 100 of the guide rod and the guide sleeve.
  • the first elastic part 3 When unlocking, push the input end 100 of the guide rod, the first elastic part 3 is further compressed, and the guide rod receives the elastic force of the first elastic part 3, thereby buffering the impact force of the output end 200 of the guide rod on the locking mechanism.
  • the installation structure 4 includes a sleeve and a support frame, the support frame and the box of the battery pack are detachably connected by fasteners, and the sleeve is fixed on the support frame to form protection for the first linkage structure 1 and the second linkage structure 2 effect.
  • the guide sleeve is built into the sleeve, the guide rod is plugged into the sleeve, the lower end of the support frame or the box of the battery pack has a limit plate, the limit plate is provided with a top hole, and the lower end of the sleeve is limited by the connector.
  • the lower end of the guide rod is facing the top hole, and the radial dimension of the lower end of the guide rod is greater than the size of the top hole, so that the guide rod will not fall off from above the top hole.
  • the lower end of the guide rod abuts against the limiting plate under the action of the first elastic portion 3 .
  • This embodiment provides an unlocking linkage device.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 lies in the shape of the top of the guide rod.
  • the top of the guide rod is a planar structure.
  • the top of the guide bar is set as a flat plate, and a planar structure is formed on the plate, that is, the output end 200 is a planar structure, and the flat plate is used to push the locking mechanism 7, which can increase the contact area between the output end 200 and the locking mechanism 7.
  • the applied load is The surface load is conducive to the uniform force of the locking mechanism 7, reduces the stress concentration, and buffers the impact force of the output end 200 of the guide rod on the locking mechanism 7, thereby weakening the mechanical damage caused by the contact between the guide rod and the locking mechanism 7 Adopt flat plate to cooperate with locking mechanism 7.
  • this embodiment provides a battery pack assembly 6, including a battery pack and an unlocking linkage device 8 as described in any of the above embodiments; the unlocking linkage device 8 penetrates the battery pack from bottom to top , the input terminal 100 is located at the bottom of the battery pack.
  • the power exchange equipment loads the input end 100 from the bottom of the battery pack in the first direction, the input end 100 pushes the output end 200 to move to unlock the locking mechanism 7, because the input end 100 and the output end 200 are elastic in the opposite direction connection, when the output end 200 touches the locking mechanism 7, the elastic force between the input end 100 and the output end 200 buffers the collision force between the output end 200 and the locking mechanism 7, avoiding the impact on the locking mechanism 7 Hard impact, and the battery pack can be quickly unlocked.
  • this embodiment provides an electric vehicle 9 , which is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. It includes a battery mounting frame, a locking mechanism 7 and a battery pack assembly 6 as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the mechanism 7 is used to cooperate with the locking shaft of the battery pack assembly 6 to connect the battery pack assembly 6 under the body frame of the electric vehicle 9
  • the unlocking linkage device 8 is used to unlock the locking mechanism 7 and the locking shaft.
  • the locking mechanism 7 securely locks the battery on the vehicle, and the unlocking linkage device 8 can easily and quickly unlock the locking mechanism 7 without excessive impact on the locking mechanism 7, which facilitates the disassembly of the battery pack assembly 6 .
  • the empty battery swapping equipment can directly enter the space below the battery pack assembly without contact with the electric vehicle. Interference occurs at the bottom of the electric vehicle; when the battery pack assembly is installed by the battery pack assembly, the battery pack assembly carrying the battery pack assembly can also directly enter the bottom of the body frame for power exchange without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆，属于电动车辆技术领域。所述解锁联动装置设置在电池包上，用于将电池包与车辆上的锁止机构解锁；解锁联动装置包括在第一方向上的弹性连接的输入端和输出端，解锁联动装置处于初始状态下的输入端被外部设备作用并加载第一方向上的载荷使输出端推动锁止机构进行解锁。在第一方向上向输入端加载载荷时，输入端推动输出端运动来解锁锁止机构，由于输入端和输出端在相对方向上为弹性连接，当输出端接触到锁止机构后，输入端和输出端之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击，从而有利于输出端和锁止机构的使用耐久。

Description

解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆
本申请要求申请日为2021年12月26日的中国专利申请CN2021116067637、申请日为2021年12月26日的中国专利申请CN2021116067815、申请日为2021年11月30日的中国专利申请CN2021114443838、申请日为2021年12月31日的中国专利申请CN2021116738097的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及电动车辆技术领域，具体涉及一种解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆。
背景技术
现有电动汽车的电池安装方式一般分为固定式安装和可换式安装，其中固定式安装的电池一般固定在汽车上；而可换式安转的电池一般采用活动安装的方式，电池可以随时取下，以进行更换或充电，在更换或充电完毕后，再安装到车体上。
对于可换式安装的电池，在安装后，由于安装不牢固或是车辆行驶道路颠簸等外界因素，电池可能会出现掉落的情况，电池一旦掉落，对于行驶中的车辆而言将是十分危险的，直接威胁到车上人员的人身安全。因此，如何将电池牢固的锁定在车辆上且同时方便的电池的拆卸是现阶段为保证电动汽车安全亟需解决的问题。现有技术中，解锁机构需要穿过电池包实现电池包与电动汽车上的锁止机构的解锁，对准精度较差，解锁效率低。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何将电池牢固的锁定在车辆上且同时提高解锁机构与锁止机构的对准精度，而提供一种解锁联动装置、电池包组件及电动车辆。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：
一种解锁联动装置，其设置在电池包上，用于将所述电池包与车辆上的锁止机构解锁；所述解锁联动装置包括在第一方向上的弹性连接的输入端和输出端，解锁联动装置处于初始状态下的所述输入端被外部设备作用并加载第一方向上的载荷使所述输出端推动所述锁止机构进行解锁。
本方案中，解锁联动装置设置在电池包上，解锁机构直接作用于解锁联动装置以带 动电池包与电动汽车上的锁止机构的解锁，对准精度高，能够提高解锁效率效率。在第一方向上向输入端加载载荷时，输入端推动输出端运动来解锁锁止机构，由于输入端和输出端在第一方向上为弹性连接，当输出端接触到锁止机构后，输入端和输出端之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击，从而有利于输出端和锁止机构的使用耐久。
优选地，所述解锁联动装置包括第一联动结构和第二联动结构，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构弹性连接。
本方案中，第一联动结构和第二联动结构的弹性连接可以缓冲第一联动结构和第二联动结构之间的作用力，进一步缓冲解锁联动装置与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击，从而有利于解锁联动装置和锁止机构的使用耐久。
优选地，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构之间通过第一弹性部连接。
本方案中，第一弹性部为第一联动结构和第二联动结构提供弹性力，可以缓冲第一联动结构和第二联动结构之间的作用力，进一步缓冲解锁联动装置与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击。
优选地，所述解锁联动装置还包括安装结构，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构分别安装于所述安装结构上，所述解锁联动装置通过所述安装结构安装于所述电池包上。
本方案中，利用安装结构将输入端和输出端连接在一起，实现解锁锁止机构的功能，输入端和输出端安装在安装结构上的同时，还使将第一弹性部处于压缩状态，从而输入端和输出端之间始终保持着相互作用力，当对锁止机构进行解锁时，输出端接触到锁止机构时，第一弹性部被进一步压缩。
优选地，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构套设连接。
本方案中，第一联动结构与第二联动结构套设连接，方便第一联动结构和第二联动结构在相对运动的时候保证不偏移，有利于输入端和输出端的精确定位，保证解锁的效果。
优选地，所述第二联动结构与所述安装结构之间弹性连接。
本方案中，第二联动结构和安装结构之间弹性连接，第一联动结构对第二联动结构施加推动力，第二联动结构与安装结构之间存在弹性力，可以缓冲第一联动结构对第二联动结构的推动力，进而缓冲第二联动结构对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，第二联动结构套设所述第一联动结构，所述第一联动结构包括所述输入端和所述输出端，所述第一弹性部套设所述第一联动结构并且所述第一弹性部的两端分别 抵靠所述第一联动结构的所述输入端和所述第二联动结构。
本方案中，第一弹性部处于受压状态，解锁时推动第一联动结构的输入端，由于第二联动结构的位置固定不动，第一弹性部进一步受压，第一联动结构受到第一弹性部的弹力，从而缓冲第一联动结构的输出端对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，第一联动结构为导向杆，第二联动结构为导向套。
本方案中，导向杆的两端分别为输入端和输出端，导向套套设于导向杆，导向套的位置固定，第一弹性部套设于导向杆，且第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠导向杆的输入端和导向套。解锁时推动导向杆的输入端，第一弹性部进一步受压，导向杆受到第一弹性部的弹力，从而缓冲导向杆的输出端对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，导向杆顶部为平面结构。
本方案中，导向杆的顶部设为平面结构，即输出端为平面结构，可以增加输出端与锁止机构的接触面积，施加的荷载为面荷载，有利于锁止机构的受力均匀，缓冲导向杆的输出端对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，所述第一联动结构包括所述输入端，所述第二联动结构包括所述输出端。
本方案中，通过对输入端施加荷载，推动第一联动结构的运动，进而推动第二联动结构在第一方向的运动，通过第二联动结构的输出端对锁止机构施加荷载，进而进行解锁。
优选地，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构在第一方向上滑动连接。
本方案中，第一联动结构和第二联动结构滑动连接，互为导向，避免了第一联动结构和第二联动结构在运动过程中发生偏移，提高解锁联动装置的稳定性。
优选地，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构中的一个具有导向孔，另一个具有导向柱，所述导向孔和所述导向柱在第一方向上滑动连接。
本方案中，利用导向孔为导向柱进行导向，导向柱不会脱离导向孔，提高了解锁联动装置的稳定性。
优选地，所述第一联动结构包括输入解锁杆，所述输入解锁杆用于在外力的作用下推动所述第二联动结构在第一方向上运动；初始状态下，所述输入解锁杆在所述第一弹性部的作用下抵靠在所述安装结构上。
本方案中，输入解锁杆设有输入端，第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠于输入解锁杆和第二联动结构，减缓输入解锁杆和第二联动结构之间的作用力；初始状态下，利用第一弹性部将输入解锁杆限位在安装结构上，防止输入解锁杆脱落。
优选地，所述输入解锁杆包括顺次连接的第一杆段和第二杆段，所述第二杆段与所 述第二联动结构滑动连接；
所述安装结构包括连接板，所述第一杆段穿设所述连接板，初始状态下，所述第二杆段的端面抵靠在所述连接板上。
本方案中，输入端位于第一杆段，沿第一方向推动第一杆段和第二杆段，进而压缩第二杆段和第二联动结构之间的第一弹性部，初始状态下，第二杆段在第一弹性部的弹性力作用下，抵靠在连接板上。
优选地，所述输入解锁杆包括用于为所述第二联动结构导向的导向孔，所述第二联动结构插接于所述导向孔中。
本方案中，在输入解锁杆上设置导向孔，利用导向孔为第二联动结构进行导向，第二联动结构不会脱离导向孔，实现了输入解锁杆与第二联动结构的滑动连接和导向关系，提高运行时的稳定性。
优选地，所述第一弹性部套设于所述第二联动结构并且所述第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述第一联动结构的端面和所述第二联动结构。
本方案中，第一弹性部可以缓冲第一联动结构和第二联动结构之间的作用力，进而缓冲第二联动结构对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，所述第一弹性部设于所述导向孔内。
本方案中，第一弹性部设于所述导向孔内，输入解锁杆推动第二联动结构运动时，第一弹性部作用于第二联动结构，可以缓冲第一联动结构对第二联动结构的推动力，进而缓冲第二联动结构对锁止机构的碰撞力。
优选地，所述第二联动结构包括输出解锁杆，所述输出解锁杆用于在所述第一联动结构的推动下运动并解锁所述锁止机构。
本方案中，利用输出解锁轴杆在第一方向上的运动来解锁锁止机构，结构紧凑占用空间小。
优选地，所述输出解锁杆的一端插接于所述第一联动结构，所述第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述第一联动结构和所述输出解锁杆的第一限位部。
本方案中，输出解锁杆插接在第一联动结构，两者之间相互导向，运行更稳定；第一弹性部被限位在第一限位部和第一联动结构之间，用于缓冲第一联动结构对输出解锁杆的推动力。
优选地，所述输出解锁杆包括第二限位部，初始状态下，所述第二限位部抵靠在所述安装结构上。
本方案中，输出解锁杆的第二限位部抵靠在所述安装结构上，进一步增加了输出解 锁杆的稳定性。
优选地，所述解锁联动装置还包括第二弹性部，所述第二弹性部套设于所述输出解锁杆，并且所述第二弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述输出解锁杆和所述安装结构，初始状态下，所述第二弹性部为压缩状态。
本方案中，第二弹性部可以缓冲输出解锁杆和对锁止机构的碰撞力，增大了允许缓冲的长度，进一步保护了输出解锁杆和锁止机构，提高了输出解锁杆和锁止机构耐用性。
优选地，所述输出端还包括第三限位部，所述第二弹性部的下端抵靠在所述第三限位部上。
本方案中，第二弹性部的两端分别抵靠在安装结构和第三限位部上，当输出解锁杆受到第一联动结构的推动时，第二弹性部进一步受压，可以对输出解锁杆的运动起缓冲的作用。
优选地，所述输出解锁杆包括顺次连接且外径依次增大的第一轴段、第二轴段和第三轴段，所述第一轴段与所述第一联动结构插接，所述第一弹性部套设在所述第一轴段上，所述第二轴段与所述安装结构在所述第一方向上弹性连接，所述第三轴段用于触发所述锁止机构。
本方案中，输出解锁杆分为第一轴段、第二轴段和第三轴段，方便了第一弹性部和第二弹性布分别套设于所述第一轴段和第二轴段，且利用输出解锁杆的变截面来抵靠第一弹性部和第二弹性部，方便安装，简化结构。
优选地，所述安装结构包括连接板和安装在所述连接板上的安装架，所述第一联动结构和/或所述第二联动结构穿设所述安装架顶部。
本方案中，连接板可以对第一联动结构和第二联动结构起到定位和限位的作用，保证第一联动结构和第二联动结构的稳定性。
优选地，所述第二联动结构穿过所述安装架顶部，初始状态下，所述第一联动结构的端部抵靠在所述连接板上。
本方案中，安装架对第一联动结构起到定位和限位的作用，保证了第一联动结构在工作状态下的稳定性。
优选地，所述第一联动结构穿设所述连接板并连接所述第二联动结构，所述第二联动结构穿过所述安装架顶部，初始状态下，所述第二联动结构和所述安装架弹性连接，并使得所述第二联动结构抵靠在所述安装架上，和/或，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构弹性连接，并使得所述第一联动结构抵靠在所述连接板上。
本方案中，第二联动结构均穿过安装架，安装架对第一联动结构和第二联动结构起 到限位和保护的作用，第二联动结构和安装架弹性连接并且第二联动结构和第一联动结构弹性连接，缓冲了沿第一方向对第一联动结构施加的荷载。初始状态下，所述第二联动结构和所述安装架弹性连接，可以加大反作用力，避免汽车行驶过程中振动对解锁联动装置的影响。
优选地，所述连接板包括横向板和竖向板，所述横向板用于和所述电池包可拆卸连接，所述横向板的两侧分别设有所述竖向板，所述安装架和所述第一联动结构设置在两所述竖向板之间。
本方案中，横向板和竖向板对第一联动结构的输入端形成包围结构，方便对输入端施加第一方向的荷载，且横向板与电池包可拆卸连接，方便解锁联动装置的检查和更换。
优选地，所述安装架包括成对设置的侧向防护板和限位板，所述限位板设于两个所述侧向防护板的顶端，并连接两个所述侧向防护板，所述限位板和所述输出端弹性连接，初始状态下，所述第二联动结构在弹性力的作用下抵靠在所述限位板上。
本方案中，安装架从侧向上对第一联动结构和第二联动结构起到了防护作用，限位板对第二联动结构起到了限位和弹性连接的作用。
优选地，所述安装架还包括用于为所述输出端导向的导向板，所述导向板安装在两个所述侧向防护板之间。
本方案中，导向板沿第二联动结构的周向布置，对第二联动结构进一步限位，提高了输出端的稳定性。
一种电池包组件，包括电池包和如上所述的解锁联动装置；所述解锁联动装置自下而上穿设所述电池包，所述输入端位于所述电池包底部。
本方案中，解锁联动装置设置在电池包上，解锁机构直接作用于解锁联动装置以带动电池包与电动汽车上的锁止机构的解锁，对准精度高，能够提高解锁效率效率。在第一方向上向输入端加载载荷时，输入端推动输出端运动来解锁锁止机构，由于输入端和输出端在相对方向上为弹性连接，当输出端接触到锁止机构后，输入端和输出端之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击，且可以快速地对电池包进行解锁。
一种电动车辆，包括电池安装架、锁止机构和如上所述的电池包组件，所述锁止机构设置于所述电池安装架上，所述锁止机构用于和所述电池的锁轴配合锁止，所述解锁联动装置用于使所述锁止机构和所述锁轴解锁。
本方案中，锁止机构将电池牢固的锁定在车辆上，解锁联动装置能够方便快速地解锁锁止机构，对准精度高，且不对锁止机构产生过大的撞击，方便电池包组件的拆卸。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：
本发明将解锁联动装置设置在电池包上，解锁机构直接作用于解锁联动装置以带动电池包与电动汽车上的锁止机构的解锁，对准精度高，能够提高解锁效率效率。在第一方向上向输入端加载载荷时，输入端推动输出端运动来解锁锁止机构，由于输入端和输出端在相对方向上为弹性连接，当输出端接触到锁止机构后，输入端和输出端之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端与锁止机构之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构的硬性撞击，从而有利于输出端和锁止机构的使用耐久。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构图。
图2为本发明实施例1的剖面图。
图3为本发明实施例2的剖面图。
图4为本发明的电池包组件及电动车辆安装后的剖面图。
图5为本发明的电动车辆的局部结构示意图。
图6为图5的一个视角的剖面图。
附图标记说明：
输入端100；输出端200；第一联动结构1；导向孔11；输入解锁杆12；第一杆段121；第二杆段122；第二联动结构2；导向柱21；输出解锁杆22；第一限位部221；第二限位部222；第三限位部223；第一轴段224；第二轴段225；第三轴段226；第一弹性部3；安装结构4；连接板41；横向板411；竖向板412；安装架42；侧向防护板421；限位板422；导向板423；第二弹性部5；电池包组件6；锁止机构7；解锁联动装置8；电动车辆9
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在下述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供一种解锁联动装置8，应用在电动车辆的换电技术中，解锁联动装置8设置在电池包上，用于将电池包与车辆上的锁止机构7解锁；解锁联动装置8包括在第一方向上的弹性连接的输入端100和输出端200，解锁联动装置8处于初始状态下的输入端100被外部设备作用并加载第一方向上的载荷使输出端200推动 锁止机构7进行解锁。
电动车辆的换电技术中，车辆上具有有锁止机构7，通过使电池包与锁止机构7连接将其安装到车辆上，解锁时，需要有作用力来推动锁止机构7实现，本实施例的解锁联动装置8即用来推动锁止机构7，对准精度高，能够提高解锁效率效率。解锁过程如下：换电站内的换电设备在第一方向上向输入端100加载载荷，输入端100推动输出端200运动来解锁锁止机构7。换电设备对输入端100的作用力消失后，输入端100和输出端200在弹性力的作用下复位至初始状态。
由于输入端100和输出端200在第一方向上为弹性连接，当输出端200接触到锁止机构7后，输入端100和输出端200之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端200与锁止机构7之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构7的硬性撞击，从而有利于输出端200和锁止机构7的使用耐久。
本实施例中，第一方向为上下方向，即输入端100和输出端200上下设置，其中输入端100位于下方，输出端200位于上方，换电设备从电池包的下方推动输入端100运动。
本实施例中，输入端100和输出端200设置在不同的构件上，而在其他的实施例中，输入端100和输出端200可以位于同一构件上。
本实施例中，解锁联动装置8包括第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2，第一联动结构1与第二联动结构2弹性连接，两者之间的弹性力在第一方向上，第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2中的一个具有输出端200。第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2的弹性连接可以缓冲第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2之间的作用力，进一步缓冲解锁联动装置8与锁止机构7之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构7的硬性撞击，从而有利于解锁联动装置8和锁止机构7的使用耐久。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1与第二联动结构2之间通过第一弹性部3连接。第一弹性部3的弹性力在第一方向上。第一弹性部3为第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2提供弹性力，可以缓冲第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2之间的作用力，进一步缓冲解锁联动装置8与锁止机构7之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构7的硬性撞击。
本实施例中，解锁联动装置8还包括安装结构4，第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2分别安装于安装结构4上，解锁联动装置8通过安装结构4安装于电池包上。利用安装结构4将输入端100和输出端200连接在一起，并实现解锁锁止机构7的功能，输入端100和输出端200安装在安装结构4上的同时，还使第一弹性部3处于压缩状态，从而输入端100和输出端200之间始终保持着相互作用力，当对锁止机构7进行解锁时，输 出端200接触到锁止机构7时，第一弹性部3被进一步压缩，当换电设备的作用力撤去后，第一弹性部3使第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2自动复位。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1与第二联动结构2套设连接，从而两者之间形成相互导向的关系，方便第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2在相对运动的时候保证不偏摆，有利于输入端100和输出端200的精确定位，保证解锁的效果。
在本实施例中，第二联动结构2与安装结构4之间弹性连接，两者之间的弹性力在第一方向上。第二联动结构2和安装结构4之间弹性连接，第一联动结构1对第二联动结构2施加推动力，第二联动结构2与安装结构4之间存在弹性力，可以缓冲第一联动结构1对第二联动结构2的推动力，进而缓冲第二联动结构2对锁止机构7的碰撞力。本实施例中，解锁联动装置8具有两级弹性预紧，即第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2之间通过第一弹性部3产生的弹性预紧和第二联动结构2与安装结构4之间的弹性预紧，设置两级弹性预紧增大了输出端200的有效行程，提升预紧效果。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1包括输入端100，第二联动结构2包括输出端200。通过对输入端100施加荷载，推动第一联动结构1的运动，进而推动第二联动结构2在第一方向的运动，通过第二联动结构2的输出端200对锁止机构7施加荷载，进而进行解锁。本实施例中输入端100和输出端200设置在不同的构件上，诚然，在其他的实施例中，作为替换手段，输入端100和输出端200可以位于同一构件上。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2在第一方向上滑动连接。第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2滑动连接，两者互为导向，避免了第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2在运动过程中发生偏移，提高解锁联动装置8的稳定性。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1具有导向孔11，第二联动结构2具有导向柱21，导向孔11插接在导向柱21上，并和导向柱21在第一方向上滑动连接。利用导向孔11为导向柱21进行导向，导向柱21不会脱离导向孔11，提高了解锁联动装置8的稳定性。在其他实施例中，作为替换手段，第一联动结构1具有导向柱21，第二联动结构2具有导向孔11，导向柱21和导向孔11的关系同本实施例。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1包括输入解锁杆12，输入解锁杆12用于在外力的作用下推动第二联动结构2在第一方向上运动；初始状态下，输入解锁杆12在第一弹性部3的作用下抵靠在安装结构4上。输入解锁杆12设有输入端100，第一弹性部3的两端分别抵靠于输入解锁杆12和第二联动结构2，减缓输入解锁杆12和第二联动结构2之间的作用力；初始状态下，利用第一弹性部3将输入解锁杆12限位在安装结构4上，防止输入解锁杆12晃动和脱落。
本实施例中，输入解锁杆12包括顺次连接的第一杆段121和第二杆段122，第二杆段122的外径大于第一杆段121的外径，从而第二杆段122与第一杆段121邻接的位置沿径向向外凸出形成限位面；第二杆段122与第二联动结构2滑动连接；安装结构4包括连接板41，第一杆段121穿设连接板41，两者滑动连接；初始状态下，第二杆段122的端面抵靠在连接板41上，限位面与连接板41贴合。输入端100位于第一杆段121上，沿第一方向推动第一杆段121和第二杆段122，进而压缩第二杆段122和第二联动结构2之间的第一弹性部3。初始状态下，第二杆段122在第一弹性部3的弹性力作用下，抵靠在连接板41上。
本实施例中，输入解锁杆12包括用于为第二联动结构2导向的导向孔11，第二联动结构2插接于导向孔11中。在输入解锁杆12上设置导向孔11，利用导向孔11为第二联动结构2进行导向，第二联动结构2不会脱离导向孔11，实现了输入解锁杆12与第二联动结构2的滑动连接和导向关系，提高运行时的稳定性。
本实施例中，第一弹性部3套设于第二联动结构2并且第一弹性部3的两端分别抵靠第一联动结构1的端面和第二联动结构2。其中，第一弹性部3采用螺旋弹簧，第一弹性部3的下端与第二杆段122的端面相抵接，第一弹性部3的上端与第二联动结构2的第二轴段225的端面相抵接，第一弹性部3可以缓冲第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2之间的作用力，进而缓冲第二联动结构2对锁止机构7的碰撞力。
在其他实施例中，作为替换手段，第一弹性部3可以设于导向孔11内。第一弹性部3处于受压状态，利用第一弹性部3的弹性力使得第一联动结构和第二联动结构2分别抵靠在安装结构4上。
本实施例中，第二联动结构2包括输出解锁杆22，输出解锁杆22用于在第一联动结构1的推动下运动并解锁锁止机构7。利用输出解锁杆22在第一方向上的运动来解锁锁止机构7，结构紧凑占用空间小。
本实施例中，输出解锁杆22的一端插接于第一联动结构1，第一弹性部3的两端分别抵靠第一联动结构1和输出解锁杆22的第一限位部221。输出解锁杆22插接在第一联动结构1，两者之间相互导向，运行更稳定；第一弹性部3被限位在第一限位部221和第一联动结构1之间，用于缓冲第一联动结构1对输出解锁杆22的推动力。
本实施例中，输出解锁杆22包括第二限位部222，初始状态下，第二限位部222抵靠在安装结构4上，进一步增加了输出解锁杆22的稳定性。
本实施例中，解锁联动装置8还包括第二弹性部5，第二弹性部5套设于输出解锁杆22，并且第二弹性部5的两端分别抵靠输出解锁杆22和安装结构4，初始状态下，第二 弹性部5为压缩状态。第二弹性部5可以缓冲输出解锁杆22和对锁止机构7的碰撞力，增大了允许缓冲的长度。本实施例中，解锁联动装置8具有两级弹性预紧，即第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2之间通过第一弹性部3产生的弹性预紧和输出解锁杆22与安装结构4之间的弹性预紧，设置两级弹性预紧增大了输出端200的有效行程，提升预紧效果。
本实施例中，输出端200还包括第三限位部223，第二弹性部5的上端抵靠在第三限位部223上。第二弹性部5的两端分别抵靠在安装结构4和第三限位部223上，当输出解锁杆22受到第一联动结构1的推动时，第二弹性部5进一步受压，可以对输出解锁杆22的运动起缓冲的作用。
本实施例中，输出解锁杆22包括顺次连接且外径依次增大的第一轴段224、第二轴段225和第三轴段226，第一轴段224与第一联动结构1插接，第一弹性部3套设在第一轴段224上，第二轴段225与安装结构4在第一方向上弹性连接，第三轴段226用于触发锁止机构7。
第一轴段224上形成导向柱21，与第二杆段122形成滑动连接关系。第二轴段225的外径大于第一轴段224的外径，从而第二轴段225的端面处形成上述的第一限位部221。第三轴段226的外径大于第二轴段225的外径，从而第三轴段226的端面处形成上述的第二限位部222。
输出解锁杆22分为第一轴段224、第二轴段225和第三轴段226，方便第一弹性部3和第二弹性部5分别套设于第一轴段224和第二轴段225，且利用输出解锁杆22的变截面来抵靠第一弹性部3和第二弹性部5，方便安装，简化结构。
本实施例中，安装结构4包括连接板41和安装在连接板41上的安装架42，第二联动结构2穿设安装架42顶部。连接板41安装在电池包的箱体上，可以对第一联动结构1起到定位和限位的作用，进而保证第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2的稳定性。在其他实施例中，也可以为第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2均穿设安装架42顶部。
本实施例中，第二联动结构2穿过安装架42顶部，复位状态下，第一联动结构1的端部抵靠在连接板41上。安装架42对第一联动结构1起到定位和限位的作用，保证了第一联动结构1在工作状态下的稳定性。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1穿设连接板41并连接第二联动结构2，第二联动结构2穿过安装架42顶部，初始状态下，第二联动结构2和安装架42弹性连接，并使得第二联动结构2抵靠在安装架42上，和/或，第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2弹性连接，并使得第一联动结构1抵靠在连接板41上。第二联动结构2穿过安装架42，安装架42 对第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2起到限位和保护的作用，第二联动结构2和安装架42弹性连接并且第二联动结构2和第一联动结构1弹性连接，缓冲了沿第一方向对第一联动结构1施加的荷载。
本实施例中，连接板41包括横向板411和竖向板412，横向板411用于和电池包可拆卸连接，横向板411的两侧分别设有竖向板412，安装架42和第一联动结构1设置在两竖向板412之间。横向板411和竖向板412对第一联动结构1的输入端100形成包围结构，方便对输入端100施加第一方向的荷载，且横向板411与电池包可拆卸连接，方便解锁联动装置8的检查和更换。
本实施例中，安装架42包括成对设置的侧向防护板421和限位板422，限位板422设于两个侧向防护板421的顶端，并连接两个侧向防护板421，限位板422和输出端200弹性连接，复位状态下，第二联动结构2在弹性力的作用下抵靠在限位板422上。安装架42从侧向上对第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2起到了防护作用，限位板422对第二联动结构2起到了限位和弹性连接的作用。
本实施例中，安装架42还包括用于为输出端200导向的导向板423，导向板423安装在两个侧向防护板421之间。导向板423沿第二联动结构2的周向布置，对第二联动结构2进一步限位，提高了输出端200的稳定性。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种解锁联动装置，与实施例1的不同之处主要在于第一联动结构1、第二联动结构2及安装结构4的具体结构，以下详细阐述。
如图3所示，本实施的解锁联动装置包括第一联动结构1、第二联动结构2、第一弹性部3和安装结构。第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2在第一方向上通过第一弹性部3进行弹性连接。
本实施例中，第二联动结构2套设第一联动结构1，第一联动结构1包括输入端100和输出端200，第一弹性部3套设第一联动结构1并且第一弹性部3的两端分别抵靠第一联动结构1的输入端100和第二联动结构2。第一弹性部3处于受压状态，解锁时推动第一联动结构1的输入端100，由于第二联动结构2的位置固定不动，第一弹性部3进一步受压，第一联动结构1受到第一弹性部3的弹力，从而缓冲第一联动结构1的输出端200对锁止机构的碰撞力。
本实施例中，第一联动结构1为导向杆，第二联动结构2为导向套。导向杆的两端分别为输入端100和输出端200，导向杆的下端包括沿径向向外凸出形成限位结构，该限位结构与第一弹性部3抵接。导向杆的上端具有与锁止机构7配合的插孔。导向套套设 导向杆，导向套的位置固定，第一弹性部3套设于导向杆，且第一弹性部3的两端分别抵靠导向杆的输入端100和导向套。解锁时推动导向杆的输入端100，第一弹性部3进一步受压，导向杆受到第一弹性部3的弹力，从而缓冲导向杆的输出端200对锁止机构的碰撞力。
安装结构4包括套筒和支撑架，支撑架和电池包的箱体通过紧固件可拆卸连接，套筒固定在支撑架上，用于对第一联动结构1和第二联动结构2形成防护作用。导向套内置于套筒内，导向杆插接在套筒中，支撑架的下端或者电池包的箱体上具有限位板，限位板上设有顶孔，套筒的下端连接件限位板，导向杆的下端正对顶孔，且导向杆的下端的径向尺寸大于顶孔的尺寸，以使得导向杆不会从顶孔的上方脱落下去。初始状态下，导向杆的下端在第一弹性部3的作用下与限位板相互抵靠。
本实施例的其他部分同实施例1，该处不在赘述。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种解锁联动装置，本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于导向杆的顶部形状不同。本实施例中，导向杆顶部为平面结构。导向杆的顶部设为平板，平板上形成平面结构，即输出端200为平面结构，平板用于顶动锁止机构7，可以增加输出端200与锁止机构7的接触面积，施加的荷载为面荷载，有利于锁止机构7的受力均匀，降低应力集中，缓冲导向杆的输出端200对锁止机构7的碰撞力，从而减弱了导向杆和锁止机构7接触带来的机械损伤采用平板与锁止机构7配合。
本实施例的其他部分同实施例2，不再赘述。
实施例4
如图4至图6所示，本实施例提供了一种电池包组件6，包括电池包和如上任一实施例所述的解锁联动装置8；解锁联动装置8自下而上穿设电池包，输入端100位于电池包底部。换电设备从电池包的下方在第一方向上向输入端100加载载荷时，输入端100推动输出端200运动来解锁锁止机构7，由于输入端100和输出端200在相对方向上为弹性连接，当输出端200接触到锁止机构7后，输入端100和输出端200之间的弹性力缓冲了输出端200与锁止机构7之间的碰撞力，避免了对锁止机构7的硬性撞击，且可以快速地对电池包进行解锁。
实施例5
如图4至图6所示，本实施例提供了一种电动车辆9，该电动车辆9为重卡或轻卡等商用车。包括电池安装架、锁止机构7和如上任一实施例所述的电池包组件6，电池安装架设于两个车身大梁相背的两侧，锁止机构7设置于电池安装架上，锁止机构7用于 和电池包组件6的锁轴配合锁止，以将电池包组件6连接于电动车辆9的车身大梁下方，解锁联动装置8用于使锁止机构7和锁轴解锁。锁止机构7将电池牢固的锁定在车辆上，解锁联动装置8能够方便快速地解锁锁止机构7，且不对锁止机构7产生过大的撞击，方便电池包组件6的拆卸。
采用上述实施例中技术方案，充分利用车身大梁下方的高度空间，在换电设备对电池包组件进行拆卸时，空载的换电设备可以直接进入电池包组件的下方空间，且不与电动汽车的底部产生干涉；在换电设备对电池包组件进行安装时，承载有电池包组件的换电设备也可以直接进入车身大梁的下方进行换电，且不与电动汽车的底部产生干涉。整个过程中，既不需要举升车身，也不需要设置下沉式空间或挖坑用于供换电设备进出，降低换电站的建站成本、时间和难度，降低对建站场地的要求，提高换电的效率。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种解锁联动装置，其特征在于，其设置在电池包上，用于将所述电池包与车辆上的锁止机构解锁；所述解锁联动装置包括在第一方向上的弹性连接的输入端和输出端，解锁联动装置处于初始状态下的所述输入端被外部设备作用并加载第一方向上的载荷使所述输出端推动所述锁止机构进行解锁。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述解锁联动装置包括第一联动结构和第二联动结构，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构弹性连接；
    优选地，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构之间通过第一弹性部连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述解锁联动装置还包括安装结构，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构分别安装于所述安装结构上，所述解锁联动装置通过所述安装结构安装于所述电池包上；
    优选地，所述第二联动结构与所述安装结构之间弹性连接。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第一联动结构与所述第二联动结构套设连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，第二联动结构套设所述第一联动结构，所述第一联动结构包括所述输入端和所述输出端，所述第一弹性部套设所述第一联动结构并且所述第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述第一联动结构的所述输入端和所述第二联动结构。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，第一联动结构为导向杆，第二联动结构为导向套；
    优选地，导向杆顶部为平面结构。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第一联动结构包括所述输入端，所述第二联动结构包括所述输出端；
    优选地，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构在第一方向上滑动连接；
    优选地，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构中的一个具有导向孔，另一个具有导向柱，所述导向孔和所述导向柱在第一方向上滑动连接。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第一联动结构包括输入解锁杆，所述输入解锁杆用于在外力的作用下推动所述第二联动结构在第一方向上运动；初始状态下，所述输入解锁杆在所述第一弹性部的作用下抵靠在所述安装结构上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述输入解锁杆包括顺次连接 的第一杆段和第二杆段，所述第二杆段与所述第二联动结构滑动连接；
    所述安装结构包括连接板，所述第一杆段穿设所述连接板，初始状态下，所述第二杆段的端面抵靠在所述连接板上；
    优选地，所述输入解锁杆包括用于为所述第二联动结构导向的导向孔，所述第二联动结构插接于所述导向孔中。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第一弹性部套设于所述第二联动结构并且所述第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述第一联动结构的端面和所述第二联动结构；
    或，所述第一弹性部设于所述导向孔内。
  11. 如权利要求3或8-10任一项所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第二联动结构包括输出解锁杆，所述输出解锁杆用于在所述第一联动结构的推动下运动并解锁所述锁止机构；
    优选地，所述输出解锁杆的一端插接于所述第一联动结构，所述第一弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述第一联动结构和所述输出解锁杆的第一限位部；
    优选地，所述输出解锁杆包括第二限位部，初始状态下，所述第二限位部抵靠在所述安装结构上。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述解锁联动装置还包括第二弹性部，所述第二弹性部套设于所述输出解锁杆，并且所述第二弹性部的两端分别抵靠所述输出解锁杆和所述安装结构，初始状态下，所述第二弹性部为压缩状态；
    优选地，所述输出端还包括第三限位部，所述第二弹性部的下端抵靠在所述第三限位部上。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述输出解锁杆包括顺次连接且外径依次增大的第一轴段、第二轴段和第三轴段，所述第一轴段与所述第一联动结构插接，所述第一弹性部套设在所述第一轴段上，所述第二轴段与所述安装结构在所述第一方向上弹性连接，所述第三轴段用于触发所述锁止机构。
  14. 如权利要求3或8-13任一项所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述安装结构包括连接板和安装在所述连接板上的安装架，所述第一联动结构和/或所述第二联动结构穿设所述安装架顶部。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第二联动结构穿过所述安装架顶部，初始状态下，所述第一联动结构的端部抵靠在所述连接板上。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述第一联动结构穿设所述 连接板并连接所述第二联动结构，所述第二联动结构穿过所述安装架顶部，初始状态下，所述第二联动结构和所述安装架弹性连接，并使得所述第二联动结构抵靠在所述安装架上，和/或，所述第一联动结构和所述第二联动结构弹性连接，并使得所述第一联动结构抵靠在所述连接板上。
  17. 如权利要求14-16任一项所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述连接板包括横向板和竖向板，所述横向板用于和所述电池包可拆卸连接，所述横向板的两侧分别设有所述竖向板，所述安装架和所述第一联动结构设置在两所述竖向板之间。
  18. 如权利要求14-17任一项所述的解锁联动装置，其特征在于，所述安装架包括成对设置的侧向防护板和限位板，所述限位板设于两个所述侧向防护板的顶端，并连接两个所述侧向防护板，所述限位板和所述输出端弹性连接，初始状态下，所述第二联动结构在弹性力的作用下抵靠在所述限位板上；
    优选地，所述安装架还包括用于为所述输出端导向的导向板，所述导向板安装在两个所述侧向防护板之间。
  19. 一种电池包组件，其特征在于，包括电池包和如权利要求1-18任一项所述的解锁联动装置，所述解锁联动装置自下而上穿设所述电池包，所述输入端位于所述电池包底部。
  20. 一种电动车辆，其特征在于，包括电池安装架、锁止机构和如权利要求19所述的电池包组件，所述锁止机构设置于所述电池安装架上，所述锁止机构用于和所述电池的锁轴配合锁止，所述解锁联动装置用于使所述锁止机构和所述锁轴解锁。
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