JP6737744B2 - サンプル収集のためのデバイス、溶液及び方法 - Google Patents
サンプル収集のためのデバイス、溶液及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6737744B2 JP6737744B2 JP2017155766A JP2017155766A JP6737744B2 JP 6737744 B2 JP6737744 B2 JP 6737744B2 JP 2017155766 A JP2017155766 A JP 2017155766A JP 2017155766 A JP2017155766 A JP 2017155766A JP 6737744 B2 JP6737744 B2 JP 6737744B2
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Description
本出願は、2011年6月19日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/498,584号、2012年2月14日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/598,601号、及び2012年2月14日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/598,618号に対し、35 USC §119(e)における優先権を主張する。それぞれの開示は、参照によりその全内容が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は、体液、或いは有害及び/または毒性物質を含む他の物質、そして特に天然で発現した体液(例えば唾液、尿)のサンプルを収集するためのデバイス、溶液及び方法に関する。さらに本開示は、一般に機能的ゲノム、そして任意の:機能的ゲノム及びエピジェネティック研究、並びに(例えば)バイオマーカー発見における研究のためのかかる体液からの細胞の単離及び保存に関する。
1.一般に医療管理を要求し、
2.収集に侵襲的な手順を伴い、
3.参加を制限する兆候を持ち、そして
4.収集及び船積みが高価であるので、大きな個体群サイズの研究を行う研究者の能力を制限し得る:
1.侵襲的な技術を要求せず、
2.血液と同一の兆候を有さず、
3.専門的な管理を要求せず、そして
4.安価に収集できるので、在宅でのサンプル収集に適した付加的な、または代替的な原料物質であり得る。
1.血液は輸送流体であるが、唾液はプロテアーゼ、酵素、及び分泌物質に富み得る消化液であり、そして尿は不要な老廃物から成る排泄液である。
2.いくつかの流体は、広いpH範囲を有することができ、また報告されている唾液等のいくつかのpH値は、血液がそのpHに達したら死に至るだろう(唾液は6.2〜7.4であり;尿は4.5〜8であり;血液は7.35〜7.45である)。
3.いくつかの流体は、血液よりも細菌を多く含む。
4.いくつかの流体は、個体間で変化し、且つ細胞単離を妨げる非細胞性材料を含む。
5.いくつかの流体は、血液中で豊富であり得るが、血液中とは異なり唾液または尿等の他の天然で発現した体液中ではまれにしか存在し得ず、且つ上皮細胞等の他の細胞タイプよりもはるかに少ないT細胞等の血液細胞を含む。
6.唾液等のいくつかの体液中のリンパ球細胞のサブセットは、血液中のそれらの細胞タイプの個体群とは大きく異なる。例えばCD4+CD8-T細胞だけが唾液中で見出されると報告されている。
7.唾液等のいくつかの流体は、約0.5〜1.5リットル/日/人の比率で毎日生産される。
−取り外し可能な遮断部材は、開口部を筋に沿って(threadably)かみ合わせる円盤型の部材であり;
−第一の連結部材は、遮断部材の底の中心に配置された刻み目(indentation)を含んで成り、且つ第二の連結部材は、管内部の中心に配置され;
−第一の連結部材は、遮断部材の底に偏心して(eccentrically)配置された凹部(recess)を含んで成り、且つ第二の連結部材は、管内部に偏心して配置され;
−取り外し可能な遮断部材は、環状遮断部材が実質的に開口部を覆う場合に、その上に配列された筋(thread)を有する環状部材を含んで成り、且つ蓋の内壁は、環状部材が内部空間中にねじ留めされ、開口部を覆わないようにし得るように、相補的な筋を含み;
−管に蓋をロックする(または任意の2つの部品を一緒にロックする)ためのロック機構、それは、くさび及び相補的なフランジを含んで成ってよく;
−密閉物質を含んで成り得る密閉機構は、蓋のかみ合わせ部材と関連し、管に蓋を連結させる場合、密閉物質は、少なくとも蓋のかみ合わせ部材中に流れ;
−蓋が開いたか否かを判断するための不正開封明示手段(tamper-evident means)、それは、蓋の開口端と一体になってその第一の部分を有する環を含んで成ってよく、管に蓋を連結させる場合、環は、管に隣接して位置し;したがって、いくつかの態様では、蓋が管から脱連結した際に、第一の部分は壊れ、そして環は実質的に管に隣接したままであり;及び/または
−蓋チャンバー中の流体は、細胞を保存するための溶液を含んで成る。
本開示の態様は、体液等のサンプルを収集するためのデバイス、溶液及び方法、並びに1つ以上の細胞タイプを収集した細胞から(化学的に固定し、または別の方法で)単離するための方法を含む。例えばいくつかの態様では、サンプル収集デバイスは、現在利用可能なサンプル収集デバイスを凌ぐいくつかの利点を提供し、そしてさらにいくつかの態様にかかるサンプル収集デバイスは、最小量の部分を使用し、且つデバイスは、一片または物体の除去または交換を必要としない。さらにいくつかの態様では、サンプル収集デバイスは、サンプルを置くこと、及び収集デバイスを閉じることとは別に、一般にサンプルドナーによる追加の操作を要求し得ない。いくつかの態様にかかるサンプル収集デバイスは、より詳細に後述されるように、少なくとも一部分において鋭い物体を排除し、且つ毒性溶液への曝露のリスクを制限することから、サンプルドナー及び最終利用者の両者にとって改良された使用の安全性を含む。
Claims (12)
- 唾液中の細胞の貯蔵を可能とし、それらの抗原性及び細胞構造が保持される、細胞タイプへのさらなる分離、及び下流のエピジェネティック分析のための、唾液中の細胞を保存するための溶液であって、
パラホルムアルデヒド、
アジ化ナトリウム、及び
ウシ胎仔血清
を含んで成り、
前記溶液は、緩衝剤によって、約6.4〜約8.4のpHで緩衝される、前記溶液。 - 少なくとも1つの抗微生物剤をさらに含んで成る、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記パラホルムアルデヒドが、約1%(v/v)の濃度で存在する、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記抗微生物剤が、抗細菌性及び抗真菌性の抗生剤から成る群から選定される、請求項2に記載の溶液。
- 前記溶液が、約7.2〜約7.6のpHで緩衝される、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記緩衝剤がリン酸塩緩衝剤である、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 約1%(v/v)のウシ胎仔血清を含む、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記アジ化ナトリウムは、約0.01%(w/v)の濃度で存在する、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記溶液が、約1%(v/v)のパラホルムアルデヒド、約1%(v/v)のウシ胎仔血清、及び約0.01%(w/v)のアジ化ナトリウムを含む、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 唾液中の細胞を保存して、それらの抗原性及び細胞構造を保持するための方法であって、前記唾液を、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の溶液と接触させることを含んで成り、
前記細胞が、細胞タイプへのさらなる分離、及び下流のエピジェネティック分析のために保存される、前記方法。 - 前記唾液は、1:1(v/v)の比率で前記溶液と接触される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記唾液は、少なくとも1週間、室温で前記溶液と接触される、請求項10に記載の方法。
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