TWI644307B - 用於操作一虛擬助理之方法，電腦可讀儲存媒體，及系統 - Google Patents

用於操作一虛擬助理之方法，電腦可讀儲存媒體，及系統 Download PDF

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TWI644307B
TWI644307B TW104128513A TW104128513A TWI644307B TW I644307 B TWI644307 B TW I644307B TW 104128513 A TW104128513 A TW 104128513A TW 104128513 A TW104128513 A TW 104128513A TW I644307 B TWI644307 B TW I644307B
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潤 金
沙勤Ｓ 卡札列卡
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美商蘋果公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
    • G10L17/26—Recognition of special voice characteristics, e.g. for use in lie detectors; Recognition of animal voices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/26—Speech to text systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
    • G10L17/04—Training, enrolment or model building
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
    • G10L17/06—Decision making techniques; Pattern matching strategies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/08—Speech classification or search
    • G10L15/18—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling
    • G10L15/1822—Parsing for meaning understanding

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Abstract

本發明提供用於產生一說話者設定檔供執行用於一虛擬助理之說話者識別之用的系統及方法。一項實例方法可包括接收包括使用者語音之一音訊輸入及基於一預定使用者之一說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之一說話者是否係該預定使用者。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至該說話者設定檔，且可觸發該虛擬助理之操作。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至一替代說話者設定檔，且可不觸發該虛擬助理之操作。在一些實例中，情境資訊可用以驗證由該說話者識別處理程序產生之結果。

Description

用於操作一虛擬助理之方法，電腦可讀儲存媒體，及系統 相關申請案之交叉參考
本申請案主張2014年9月30日申請之標題為SPEAKER IDENTIFICATION AND UNSUPERVISED SPEAKER ADAPTATION TECHNIQUES的美國臨時案第62/057,990號及2015年8月25日申請之標題為SPEAKER IDENTIFICATION AND UNSUPERVISED SPEAKER ADAPTATION TECHNIQUES的美國非臨時案第14/835,169號的優先權，該等申請案出於所有目的以全文引用之方式併入本文中。
本發明大體上係關於自然語言處理，且更具體而言係關於執行用於自然語言處理之說話者識別。
智能自動助理(或虛擬助理)提供在使用者與電子器件之間的直觀介面。此等助理可允許使用者使用呈口頭及/或文字形式之自然語言與器件或系統互動。舉例而言，使用者可藉由將呈自然語言形式之口頭使用者輸入提供至與電子器件相關聯的虛擬助理而存取電子器件之服務。虛擬助理可對口頭使用者輸入執行自然語言處理以推斷使用者之意圖並將使用者之意圖操作成任務。可接著藉由執行電子器件之一或多個功能而執行任務，且相關輸出可以自然語言形式返回至使用者。
一些自然語言處理系統可執行說話者識別以驗證使用者的身分標識。此等系統通常需要使用者執行參與處理程序，在該處理程序期間，使用者說出一系列預定字或短語以允許自然語言處理系統模型化使用者之語音。雖然此處理程序可用以有效模型化使用者之語音，但在使用者在參與處理程序期間以不自然之方式說話及/或在使用者在不同於稍後執行說話者識別之彼等環境的聲學環境中執行參與處理程序的情況下，其可產生不可靠結果。因此，需要用於模型化使用者之語音的改良方法。
本發明提供用於產生說話者設定檔供執行用於虛擬助理之說話者識別之用的系統及方法。一項實例方法可包括接收包括使用者語音之音訊輸入及基於預定使用者之說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之說話者是否係該預定使用者。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至該說話者設定檔，且可觸發該虛擬助理之操作。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至替代說話者設定檔，且可不觸發該虛擬助理之操作。在一些實例中，情境資訊可用以驗證由該說話者識別處理程序產生之結果。
100‧‧‧系統
102‧‧‧使用者器件
108‧‧‧網路
110‧‧‧伺服器系統
114‧‧‧虛擬助理伺服器
116‧‧‧至外部服務之I/O介面
118‧‧‧處理模組
120‧‧‧資料及模型儲存器
122‧‧‧用戶端面向I/O介面
124‧‧‧外部服務
202‧‧‧記憶體介面
204‧‧‧處理器
206‧‧‧周邊介面
210‧‧‧運動感測器
212‧‧‧光感測器
214‧‧‧近接感測器
216‧‧‧感測器
220‧‧‧攝影機子系統
222‧‧‧光學感測器
224‧‧‧有線及/或無線通信子系統
226‧‧‧音訊子系統
228‧‧‧揚聲器
230‧‧‧麥克風
240‧‧‧I/O子系統
242‧‧‧觸控式螢幕控制器
244‧‧‧輸入控制器
246‧‧‧觸控式螢幕
248‧‧‧輸入/控制器件
250‧‧‧記憶體
252‧‧‧作業系統
254‧‧‧通信模組
256‧‧‧圖形使用者介面模組
258‧‧‧感測器處理模組
260‧‧‧電話模組
262‧‧‧應用程式
264‧‧‧虛擬助理用戶端模組
266‧‧‧使用者資料
300‧‧‧方法
302‧‧‧區塊
304‧‧‧區塊
305‧‧‧區塊
306‧‧‧區塊
308‧‧‧區塊
310‧‧‧區塊
312‧‧‧區塊
400‧‧‧方法
402‧‧‧區塊
404‧‧‧區塊
500‧‧‧方法
502‧‧‧區塊
504‧‧‧區塊
506‧‧‧區塊
508‧‧‧區塊
600‧‧‧方法
602‧‧‧區塊
604‧‧‧區塊
700‧‧‧方法
702‧‧‧區塊
704‧‧‧區塊
706‧‧‧區塊
708‧‧‧區塊
710‧‧‧區塊
800‧‧‧電子器件
802‧‧‧觸控式螢幕顯示器單元
804‧‧‧聲音接收單元
806‧‧‧揚聲器單元
808‧‧‧處理單元
810‧‧‧接收單元
812‧‧‧判定單元
814‧‧‧新增單元
816‧‧‧語音轉文字單元
818‧‧‧意圖判定單元
820‧‧‧任務判定單元
822‧‧‧參數判定單元
824‧‧‧任務執行單元
圖1繪示根據各種實例之虛擬助理可操作之例示性環境。
圖2繪示根據各種實例之例示性使用者器件。
圖3繪示根據各種實例之用於操作虛擬助理之例示性方法。
圖4繪示根據各種實例之用於以說話者設定檔產生模式操作虛擬助理之例示性方法。
圖5繪示根據各種實例之用於以說話者設定檔修改模式操作虛擬助理之例示性方法。
圖6繪示根據各種實例之用於以靜態說話者設定檔模式操作虛擬助理之例示性方法。
圖7繪示根據各種實例之用於執行說話者識別之例示性方法。
圖8繪示根據各種實例之經組態以基於口頭使用者輸入產生說話者設定檔的電子器件之功能方塊圖。
在實例之以下描述中，參考借助於說明展示可實踐之具體實例的隨附圖式。應理解，在不脫離各種實例之範疇之情況下，可使用其他實例，且可進行結構改變。
本發明係關於產生供執行用於虛擬助理之說話者識別之用的說話者設定檔。一項實例方法可包括接收包括使用者語音之音訊輸入及基於預定使用者之說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之說話者是否係該預定使用者。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至該說話者設定檔，且可觸發該虛擬助理之操作。回應於判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者，可將該使用者語音新增至替代說話者設定檔，且可不觸發該虛擬助理之操作。在一些實例中，情境資訊可用以驗證由該說話者識別處理程序產生之結果。
系統概述
圖1繪示根據各種實例之用於實施虛擬助理之例示性系統100。術語「虛擬助理」、「數位助理」、「智慧型自動助理」或「自動數位助理」可指解譯呈口頭及/或文字形式之自然語言輸入以推斷使用者意圖，並基於所推斷使用者意圖執行動作的任何資訊處理系統。舉例而言，為按推斷之使用者意圖作用，系統可執行以下各者中之一或多者：識別具有經設計以實現所推斷使用者意圖之步驟及參數的任務流程；輸入來自所推斷使用者意圖之具體需求至任務流程中；藉由調用 程式、方法、服務、API或其類似者執行任務流程；及以聽覺(例如，語音)及/或視覺形式產生至使用者的輸出回應。
虛擬助理可能夠接受至少部分呈自然語言命令、請求、陳述、敍述及/或查詢形式之使用者請求。通常，使用者請求藉由虛擬助理尋求任務之資訊回答或執行。對使用者請求之良好回應可包括所請求資訊性回答之提供、所請求任務之執行，或兩者之組合。舉例而言，使用者可詢問虛擬助理問題，諸如，「我此刻在哪？」基於使用者之當前位置，虛擬助理可回答「你在中心公園」。使用者亦可請求任務之執行，例如「請提醒我今天下午4點撥電話給媽媽」。作為回應，虛擬助理可應答請求且接著在使用者之電子排程中建立適當提醒事項。在所請求任務之執行期間，虛擬助理有時可在擴展時間段內在涉及資訊之多次交換的連續對話中與使用者互動。存在與虛擬助理互動以請求各種任務之資訊或執行的眾多其他方式。除提供口頭回應及採用程式化動作以外，虛擬助理亦可以其他視覺或音訊形式(例如，如文字、警示、音樂、視訊、動畫等)提供回應。
申請人之2011年1月10日申請之美國實用新型申請案第12/987,982號「Intelligent Automated Assistant」中描述虛擬助理之實例，該申請案之全部揭示內容以引用方式併入本文中。
如圖1中所示，在一些實例中，虛擬助理可根據用戶端伺服器模型而實施。虛擬助理可包括一在使用者器件102上執行的用戶端側部分，及在伺服器系統110上執行的伺服器側部分。使用者器件102可包括任何電子器件，諸如，行動電話、平板電腦、攜帶型媒體播放器、桌上型電腦、膝上型電腦、PDA、電視、電視機上盒、可穿戴電子裝置或類似者，且可經由一或多個網路108與伺服器系統110通信，網路可包括網際網路、企業內部網路或任何其他有線或無線公用或私用網路。在使用者器件102上執行的用戶端側部分可提供用戶端側功能 性，諸如使用者面向輸入及輸出處理及與伺服器系統110之通信。伺服器系統110可提供伺服器側功能性用於駐留於各別使用者裝置102上的任何數目個用戶端。
伺服器系統110可包括一或多個虛擬助理伺服器114，其可包括用戶端面向I/O介面122、一或多個處理模組118、資料及模型儲存器120及至外部服務之I/O介面116。用戶端面向I/O介面122可促進虛擬助理伺服器114之用戶端面向輸入及輸出處理。一或多個處理模組118可利用資料及模型儲存器120以基於自然語言輸入判定使用者之意圖，且基於所推斷使用者意圖執行任務執行。在一些實例中，虛擬助理伺服器114可經由網路108與外部服務124(諸如，電話服務、日曆服務、資訊服務、傳訊服務、導航服務及其類似服務)通信以用於任務完成或資訊獲取。至外部服務之I/O介面116可促進此等通信。
伺服器系統110可在一或多個獨立資料處理裝置或分散式電腦網絡上實施。在一些實例中，伺服器系統110可採用第三方服務提供者(例如，第三方雲服務提供者)之各種虛擬器件及/或服務來提供伺服器系統110之下伏計算資源及/或基礎設施資源。
儘管虛擬助理之功能性在圖1中展示為包括用戶端側部分及伺服器側部分兩者，但在一些實例中，助理之功能可實施為安裝在使用者器件上的獨立應用程式。另外，在虛擬助理之用戶端及伺服器部分之間的功能性之劃分可在不同實例中變化。舉例而言，在一些實例中，在使用者器件102上執行之用戶端可為僅提供使用者面向輸入及輸出處理功能且將虛擬助理的所有其他功能性委派給後端伺服器之薄用戶端。
使用者器件
圖2為根據各種實例的使用者器件102之方塊圖。如所示，使用者器件102可包括記憶體介面202、一個或多個處理器204及周邊介面 206。使用者器件102中之各種組件可藉由一或多個通信匯流排或信號線而耦接在一起。使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至周邊介面206之各種感測器、子系統及周邊器件。感測器、子系統及周邊裝置收集資訊及/或促進使用者裝置102之各種功能性。
舉例而言，使用者器件102可包括耦接至周邊介面206以促進定向、光及近接感測功能之運動感測器210、光感測器212及接近度感測器214。一或多個其他感測器216(諸如，定位系統(例如，GPS接收器)、溫度感測器、生物測定感測器、陀螺儀、羅盤、加速計及其類似物)亦連接至周邊介面206以促進相關功能性。
在一些實例中，攝影機子系統220及光學感測器222可用以促進攝影機功能，諸如，拍照及錄製視訊短片。通信功能可經由一或多個有線及/或無線通信子系統224來促進，有線及/或無線通信子系統可包括各種通信埠、射頻接收器及傳輸器及/或光學(例如，紅外線)接收器及傳輸器。音訊子系統226可耦接至揚聲器228及麥克風230以有助於具備話音能力的功能，諸如，語音辨識、語音複寫、數位錄製及電話功能。
在一些實例中，使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至周邊介面206之I/O子系統240。I/O子系統240可包括觸控式螢幕控制器242及/或其他輸入控制器244。觸控式螢幕控制器242可耦接至觸控式螢幕246。觸控式螢幕246及觸控式螢幕控制器242可(例如)使用複數個觸敏技術(諸如，電容、電阻、紅外線及表面聲波技術)、近接感測器陣列及其類似者中之任一者偵測接觸及其移動或中斷。其他輸入控制器244可耦接至其他輸入/控制器件248，諸如，一或多個按鈕、搖臂開關、拇指旋輪、紅外線埠、USB埠及/或諸如觸控筆之指標器件。
在一些實例中，使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至記憶體250之記憶體介面202。記憶體250可包括：任何電子、磁性、光學、電 磁、紅外線或半導體系統、裝置或器件；攜帶型電腦磁片(磁性)；隨機存取記憶體(RAM)(磁性)；唯讀記憶體(ROM)(磁性)；可擦除可程式化唯讀記憶體(EPROM)(磁性)；諸如CD、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD、DVD-R或DVD-RW之攜帶型光碟；或諸如緊密快閃卡、安全數位卡、USB記憶體器件、記憶棒及其類似者之快閃記憶體。在一些實例中，記憶體250之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體可用於儲存指令(例如，用於執行下文所描述之方法300、400、500、600或700中之一些或所有)以用於藉由或結合指令執行系統、裝置或器件(諸如，基於電腦之系統、含處理器之系統或可自指令執行系統、裝置或器件提取指令並執行該等指令的其他系統)使用。在其他實例中，指令(例如，用於執行以下描述之方法300、400、500、600或700)可儲存在伺服器系統110之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體上，或可在記憶體250之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體與伺服器系統110之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體之間劃分。在本文獻之上下文中，「非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體」可為可含有或儲存用於由或結合指令執行系統、裝置或器件使用之程式的任何媒體。
在一些實例中，記憶體250可儲存作業系統252、通信模組254、圖形使用者介面模組256、感測器處理模組258、電話模組260及應用程式262。作業系統252可包括用於處置基本系統服務及用於執行硬體依賴性任務之指令。通信模組254可促進與一或多個額外器件、一或多個電腦及/或一或多個伺服器通信。圖形使用者介面模組256可促進圖形使用者介面處理。感測器處理模組258可促進感測器相關之處理及功能。電話模組260可促進電話相關之處理程序及功能。應用程式模組262可促進使用者應用程式之各種功能性，諸如電子傳訊、網頁瀏覽、媒體處理、導航、成像及/或其他程序及功能。
如本文中所描述，記憶體250亦可儲存用戶端側虛擬助理指令(例 如，在虛擬助理用戶端模組264中)及各種使用者資料266(例如，使用者特定詞彙資料、優選資料及/或其他資料，諸如使用者之電子通訊錄、待辦清單、購物清單等)以提供虛擬助理之用戶端側功能性。
在各種實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可能夠經由使用者器件102之各種使用者介面(例如，I/O子系統240、音訊子系統226或其類似者)接受話音輸入(例如，語音輸入)、文字輸入、觸摸輸入及/或手勢輸入。虛擬助理用戶端模組264亦可能能夠提供音訊(例如，語音輸出)、視覺及/或觸覺形式之輸出。舉例而言，輸出可經提供為話音、聲音、警示、文字訊息、功能表、圖形、視訊、動畫、振動及/或上述中兩者或更多者之組合。操作期間，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可使用通信子系統224與虛擬助理伺服器通信。
在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可利用各種感測器、子系統及周邊器件以自使用者器件102之周圍環境收集額外資訊以確立與使用者、當前使用者互動及/或當前使用者輸入相關聯的上下文。在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可提供具有使用者輸入之情境資訊或其子集至虛擬助理伺服器以幫助推斷使用者之意圖。虛擬助手亦可使用情境資訊判定如何準備及傳遞輸出至使用者。
在一些實例中，伴隨使用者輸入之情境資訊可包括感測器資訊，諸如，照明、環境噪音、環境溫度、周圍環境之影像或視訊、至另一物件之距離及類似者。情境資訊可進一步包括與使用者器件102之實體狀態(例如，器件定向、器件位置、器件溫度、功率位準、速度、加速度、運動模式、蜂巢式信號強度等)或使用者器件102之軟體狀態(例如，執行程序、安裝程式、過去及目前網路活動、背景服務、錯誤日誌、資源利用等)相關聯的資訊。此等類型內容相關資訊中的任一者可作為與使用者輸入相關聯的情境資訊提供給虛擬助理伺服器114。
在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可回應於來自虛擬助理伺服器114之請求選擇性地提供儲存於使用者器件102上之資訊(例如，使用者資料266)。虛擬助理用戶端模組264亦可在虛擬助理伺服器114請求後經由自然語言對話或其他使用者介面自使用者引發額外輸入。虛擬助理用戶端模組264可傳遞額外輸入至虛擬助理伺服器114以有助於虛擬助理伺服器114對在使用者請求中表達的使用者意圖進行意圖推斷及/或履行。
在各種實例中，記憶體250可包括額外指令或較少指令。此外，使用者裝置102之各種功能可實施於硬體中及/或韌體中，包括實施於一或多個信號處理及/或特殊應用積體電路中。
說話者識別
圖3繪示根據各種實例之用於使用說話者識別操作虛擬助理之例示性方法300。在一些實例中，方法300可藉由類似於或等同於具有使用者器件之系統100的系統執行，該使用者器件類似於或等同於經組態以實施能夠連續地(或在一延伸時段內間歇地)監測音訊輸入之虛擬助理以用於接收起始虛擬助理之啟動的觸發片語的使用者器件102。舉例而言，實施虛擬助理之使用者器件可連續地或間歇地監測由使用者器件之麥克風偵測到之聲音、語音及類似者，而不回應於所監測之聲音及語音執行動作(諸如執行任務流程、產生聲訊(例如，語音)及/或視覺形式之輸出回應或類似者)。然而，回應於偵測到觸發片語，虛擬助理可執行說話者識別處理程序以確保觸發片語之說話者為虛擬助理之預期操作者。在檢驗說話者之身分標識之後，可啟動虛擬助理，從而使得虛擬助理處理隨後接收到的字或片語及相應地作出回應。在下文中提供方法300之更詳細描述。
在方法300之區塊302處，可在使用者器件處接收包括使用者語音之音訊輸入。在一些實例中，使用者器件(例如，使用者器件102) 可經由麥克風(例如，麥克風230)接收包括使用者語音的音訊輸入。麥克風可將音訊輸入轉換成類比或數位表示，且將表示音訊輸入之音訊資料提供至使用者器件之一個或多個處理器(例如處理器204)。
在區塊304處，可對在區塊302處接收到之音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換以判定音訊輸入是否包括含有預定觸發片語之使用者語音。觸發片語可包括任何所需組之一或多個預定字，諸如「嘿Siri」。觸發片語可用以啟動虛擬助理及傳訊至虛擬助理，隨後將提供諸如請求、命令或類似者之使用者輸入。舉例而言，使用者可發出觸發片語「嘿Siri」，後續接著命令「撥電話給母親」以啟動虛擬助理及請求虛擬助理起始電話通話與使用者之連絡人清單中之「母親」相關聯的電話號碼。在一些實例中，在區塊304處執行之語音轉文字轉換可在使用者器件(例如，使用者器件102)上本端執行。在其他實例中，可在遠端伺服器(例如，伺服器系統110)處執行語音轉文字轉換。在此等實例中，使用者器件可經由一或多個網路(例如，網路108)將在區塊302處接收到之音訊輸入傳輸至遠端伺服器。遠端伺服器可對音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換且將音訊輸入之文字表示返回至使用者器件。若在區塊304處判定音訊輸入並不包括觸發片語，則方法300可返回至區塊302。可以任何所需時間間隔反覆地執行區塊302及304以監測音訊輸入之觸發片語。若替代地在區塊304處判定在區塊302處接收到之音訊輸入包括觸發片語，則方法300可進行到區塊305。
在區塊305處，使用者器件可產生說話者設定檔，選擇性地使用該說話者設定檔執行說話者辨識，且回應於使用說話者辨識積極地識別說話者而選擇性地啟動虛擬助理。在一些實例中，說話者設定檔可通常包括由說話者之語音之音訊記錄產生之一或多個聲紋。可使用任何所需語音辨識技術(諸如藉由產生i-向量以表示說話者發音)產生聲紋。可使用說話者設定檔之聲紋藉由比較含有使用者語音之音訊輸入 與說話者設定檔中之聲紋來執行說話者辨識。如下文更詳細地論述的，區塊305可包括區塊306、308、310及312以允許使用者器件基於說話者設定檔之狀態以多個操作模式操作。
確切而言，在區塊306處，使用者器件可選擇多個模式中操作所用之一者。在一些實例中，該多個模式可包括：說話者設定檔構建模式(由區塊308表示)，其中說話者之語音可經模型化以產生說話者設定檔；說話者設定檔修改模式(由區塊310表示)，其中說話者設定檔可用以驗證使用者之身分標識且其中可基於新接收到之使用者語音更新說話者設定檔；及靜態說話者設定檔模式，其中現有說話者設定檔可用以驗證使用者之身分標識且其中說話者設定檔可不基於新接收到之使用者語音改變。下文關於圖4至圖7提供此等模式中之每一者之更詳細描述。
在一些實例中，若使用者之語音的說話者設定檔並不存在或若說話者設定檔包括小於下臨限數目之聲紋(例如，1、5、10或其它數目之聲紋)，則可在區塊306處選擇說話者設定檔構建模式(由區塊308表示)。在一些實例中，若使用者之語音的說話者設定檔包括介於下臨限數目之聲紋與上臨限數目之聲紋之間的數目之聲紋(例如，15、20、25、30或其它數目之聲紋)，則可在區塊306處選擇說話者設定檔修改模式(由區塊310表示)。在一些實例中，若使用者之語音的說話者設定檔包括超過上臨限數目之聲紋，則可在區塊306處選擇靜態說話者設定檔模式(由區塊312表示)。
若在區塊306處判定適當的操作模式為說話者設定檔構建模式(例如，因不存在說話者設定檔或因說話者設定檔包括不足數目之聲紋)，方法300可進行到區塊308，其中虛擬助理可以說話者設定檔構建模式操作。圖4繪示用於以此模式操作虛擬助理的例示性方法400。
在區塊402處，使用者器件可將在區塊302處接收且在區塊304處 經判定為包括觸發片語的音訊輸入新增至現有說話者設定檔(若存在此設定檔)，或可用以創建新說話者設定檔(若當前不存在說話者設定檔)。將音訊輸入新增至說話者設定檔通常可包括自音訊輸入產生聲紋(例如，藉由產生音訊輸入之i-向量表示)及儲存與說話者設定檔相關聯之聲紋。在一些實例中，所儲存之聲紋可使用情境資料(諸如接收到用於產生聲紋之音訊輸入(例如，基於使用者器件產生之位置資料)之位置、接收到用於產生聲紋之音訊輸入之時間或類似者)註解。
在區塊404處，使用者器件可藉由處理在含有觸發片語之音訊輸入之後接收到的音訊輸入來啟動虛擬助理。舉例而言，區塊404可包括接收後續音訊輸入、對隨後接收到之音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換以產生包含於隨後接收到之音訊輸入中的使用者語音之文字表示、基於文字表示判定使用者意圖、藉由執行以下各者中之一或多者來作用於所判定之使用者意圖：識別具有經設計以實現經判定使用者意圖之步驟及參數的任務流程；將來自經判定使用者意圖之特定要求輸入至任務流程中；藉由調用程式、方法、服務、API或其類似者來執行任務流程；及產生呈聲訊(例如，語音)及/或視覺形式的對使用者之輸出回應。
在完成區塊404之後，方法400可結束，且使用者器件之操作可返回至方法300之區塊302。區塊302及304可接著經反覆地執行直至偵測到音訊輸入中出現另一觸發片語。作為回應，區塊306可再次經執行以判定操作所用之適當模式。在一些實例中，設定檔構建模式由區塊308表示，且方法400可繼續選擇直至針對說話者設定檔產生足夠數目之聲紋。如上所述，此可為1、5、10或任何其他所需數目之聲紋。因此，區塊302、304、306及308(例如，方法400)可經反覆地執行該說話者設定檔包括此數目之聲紋。
使用方法400，虛擬助理可有利地使用在區塊302處接收到之觸 發片語的發音來構建說話者設定檔，而不強制使用者執行單獨參與程序。替代地，虛擬助理可使用來自使用者與虛擬助理之自然互動的語音產生此說話者設定檔。此可導致更精確表示使用者之語音的說話者設定檔。另外，當在說話者設定檔構建模式下使用方法400時，虛擬助理可在區塊404處處理隨後接收到之音訊輸入，而不預先對使用者之觸發片語的發音執行說話者識別。此可得以完成，因為說話者設定檔並不存在或因為現有說話者設定檔包含不充分數目之聲紋來可靠地識別說話者。
一旦使用方法400產生之說話者設定檔包括所需數目之聲紋，在區塊302處接收含有觸發片語之音訊輸入可使使用者器件在區塊306處判定適當的操作模式為由區塊310表示之說話者設定檔修改模式。如上所述，在一些實例中，若使用者之說話者設定檔包括介於下臨限數目之聲紋(例如，1、5、10或其它數目之聲紋)與上臨限數目之聲紋(例如，15、20、25、30或其它數目之聲紋)之間的數目之聲紋，則可選擇說話者設定檔修改模式。圖5繪示用於以此模式操作虛擬助理之例示性方法500。
在區塊502處，使用者器件可對在方法300之區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入執行說話者識別程序以判定說話者是否係預定使用者(例如，裝置之經授權使用者)。可使用任何所需說話者識別程序，諸如i-向量說話者識別程序。在一些實例中，區塊502可包括比較在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入與使用方法400產生之說話者設定檔的一些或所有聲紋。舉例而言，在一些實例中，區塊502可包括判定在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入是否匹配(例如，在接受公差內匹配)說話者設定檔之聲紋中之每一者。若判定音訊輸入匹配說話者設定檔之臨限數目之聲紋，由可判定包含於音訊輸入中之發音的說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之使用者。臨限數目之匹配聲紋可取決於說話者實際上為由說話 者設定檔表示之使用者的所需可信度為任何所需數目，諸如1個聲紋、聲紋中之50%、聲紋中之75%、所有聲紋或任何其他數目。在一些實例中，臨限數目之匹配聲紋可取決於包含於說話者設定檔中之聲紋之數目。舉例而言，若說話者設定檔包括較大數目之聲紋，則區塊502可能需要較大臨限數目或百分比以需要與說話者設定檔的更緊密匹配。相反，若說話者設定檔包括較小數目之聲紋，則區塊502可能需要下臨限數目或百分比以需要與說話者設定檔的較不嚴格的匹配。
在聲紋用情境資訊註解之其他實例中，區塊502可包括比較在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入與匹配與音訊輸入相關聯的情境資訊之說話者設定檔的聲紋之子集。舉例而言，若在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入是在對應於使用者之辦公室的位置處接收的，則區塊502可包括判定在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入是否匹配自在對應於使用者之辦公室的位置處接收到的音訊資料產生的聲紋，但可不包括判定在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入是否匹配自對應於使用者之家的位置處或在使用者之車輛中接收到的音訊資料產生的聲紋。以此方式比較音訊輸入與說話者設定檔可由於音訊輸入及用於產生聲紋之音訊輸入更緊密相關之條件而有利地產生較大說話者識別準確性。
在其他實例中，使用者器件可包括用於一個以上使用者之說話者設定檔。在此等實例中，區塊502可包括比較在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入下一些或所有說話者設定檔之一些或所有聲紋。說話者之所判定之身分標識可為與最緊密匹配音訊輸入之說話者設定檔相關聯的使用者。
使用上述說話者識別方法中之任一者，若在區塊502處判定音訊輸入之說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法500可進行到區塊504。
在區塊504處，音訊輸入可以類似於或等同於方法400之區塊402 的方式新增至說話者設定檔。在一些實例中，音訊輸入可新增至說話者設定檔以增加包含於說話者設定檔中之聲紋的總數目。在其他實例中，說話者設定檔可包括最大數目之聲紋，且區塊504可包括將最近接收到的音訊輸入新增至說話者設定檔及自說話者設定檔移除與最早接收到的音訊輸入相關聯的聲紋。在區塊506處，虛擬助理可經啟動，且隨後接收到的音訊輸入可以類似於或等同於方法400之區塊404的方式經處理。在完成區塊506之後，使用者器件可返回至方法300之區塊302。
返回參考方法500之區塊502，若替代地判定音訊輸入之說話者並非由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法500可自區塊502進行至區塊508。在區塊508處，使用者器件可將在方法300之區塊302處接收到且判定為不藉由由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者進行的音訊輸入新增至替代說話者設定檔(若此類設定檔存在)，或可用以創建新替代說話者設定檔(若當前不存在替代說話者設定檔)。替代說話者設定檔可表示不同於由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者的一或多個使用者之語音。類似於在區塊402或504處將音訊輸入新增至說話者設定檔，將音訊輸入新增至替代說話者設定檔可包括自音訊輸入產生聲紋(例如，藉由產生音訊輸入之i-向量表示)及儲存與替代說話者設定檔相關聯之聲紋。在一些實例中，所儲存之聲紋可使用情境資料(諸如接收到用於產生聲紋之音訊輸入(例如，基於使用者器件產生之位置資料)之位置、接收到用於產生聲紋之音訊輸入之時間或類似者)註解。
在一些實例中，可在區塊508處產生單個替代說話者設定檔。在此等實例中，可在區塊508處將在區塊502處判定為不由預定使用者說出之音訊輸入新增至此替代說話者設定檔。在其他實例中，可針對每一特別識別之說話者產生單獨的替代說話者設定檔。舉例而言，區塊508可包括比較在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入與所有替代說話者設定 檔以判定音訊輸入之說話者是否匹配現有說話者設定檔。若在區塊508處判定音訊輸入之說話者匹配現有替代說話者設定檔中之一者，則可將音訊輸入新增至替代說話者設定檔。若替代地在區塊508處判定音訊輸入之說話者並不匹配現有替代說話者設定檔中之一者，則可該使用音訊輸入產生新替代說話者設定檔。
在一些實例中，在於區塊508處產生一或多個替代說話者設定檔之後，區塊502之後續執行可包括比較在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入與說話者設定檔及替代說話者設定檔兩者之聲紋。舉例而言，可判定在區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入是否匹配(例如，在接受公差內)說話者設定檔之聲紋中之每一者及替代說話者設定檔之聲紋中之每一者。在一些實例中，若判定音訊輸入匹配與替代說話者設定檔之聲紋數目或百分比相比更大數目或百分比之說話者設定檔之聲紋，則可判定包含於音訊輸入中之發音的說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者。若替代地判定音訊輸入匹配與說話者設定檔之聲紋數目或百分比相比更大數目或百分比之替代說話者設定檔之聲紋，則可判定包含於音訊輸入中之發音的說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者。
在完成區塊508之後，使用者器件可返回至方法300之區塊302而不啟動虛擬助理及不處理隨後接收到的音訊輸入。使用方法500，虛擬助理可使用用方法400產生之說話者設定檔執行說話者識別以驗證觸發片語之說話者為虛擬助理之經授權或預期使用者。此可有利地經執行以阻止虛擬助理之未經授權或不希望的觸發。舉例而言，執行說話者識別可對使用者器件定位於具有經組態以回應於相同觸發片語啟動虛擬助理之類似裝置的房間中的情況有用。在此情況下，可能不需要一個使用者之虛擬助理回應於另一使用者之觸發片語的發音而啟動。另外，方法500可用以使用來自使用者之與虛擬助理之自然互動的新接收到的語音修改或更新說話者設定檔，從而更新說話者設定 檔。更新說話者設定檔可有利地經執行以允許說話者設定檔適應使用者之語音隨時間的變化及/或考慮接收使用者之語音的不同條件。
在完成區塊506或508之後，使用者器件之操作可返回至方法300之區塊302。區塊302及304可經反覆地執行直至偵測到音訊輸入中出現另一觸發片語。作為回應，區塊306可經執行以判定操作所用之適當模式。在一些實例中，說話者設定檔修改模式由區塊310表示，且方法500可繼續選擇直至針對說話者設定檔產生足夠數目之聲紋。如上所述，此可為15、20、25、30或任何其他所需數目之聲紋。因此，區塊302、304、306及310可反覆地經執行直至說話者設定檔包括此數目之聲紋。
一旦說話者設定檔包括所需數目之聲紋，在區塊302處接收含有觸發片語之音訊輸入可使使用者器件在區塊306處判定適當的操作模式為由區塊312表示之靜態說話者設定檔模式。如上所述，在一些實例中，若使用者之語音之說話者設定檔包括等於或大於上臨限數目聲紋的數目之聲紋(例如，15、20、25、30或其它所需數目之聲紋)，則可選擇靜態說話者設定檔模式。圖6繪示用於以此模式操作虛擬助理之例示性方法600。
在區塊602處，使用者器件可以類似於或等同於方法500之區塊502的方式對在方法300之區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入執行說話者識別程序。若判定音訊輸入之說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法600可進行到區塊604，而不以類似於或等同於方法400之區塊402或方法500之區塊504的方式將音訊輸入新增至說話者設定檔。在區塊604處，虛擬助理可經啟動，且隨後接收到的音訊輸入可以類似於或等同於方法400之區塊404或方法500之區塊506的方式經處理。若替代地在區塊602處判定音訊輸入之說話者並非由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法600可結束，而不將音訊輸入新增至說 話者設定檔及不處理隨後接收到的音訊輸入。替代地，使用者器件之操作可返回至方法300之區塊302。
使用方法600，虛擬助理可使用用方法400及/或500產生之說話者設定檔執行說話者識別以驗證觸發片語之說話者為虛擬助理之經授權或預期使用者。此可有利地經執行以阻止虛擬助理之未經授權或不希望的觸發。舉例而言，執行說話者識別可對使用者器件定位於具有經組態以回應於相同觸發片語啟動虛擬助理之類似裝置的房間中的情況有用。在此情況下，可能不需要一個使用者之虛擬助理回應於另一使用者之觸發片語的發音而啟動。另外，方法600可放棄將音訊輸入新增至說話者設定檔。此可在說話者設定檔具有足夠數目之聲紋且額外聲紋可能並非必需的情況下執行。此可有利地減小儲存說話者設定檔所需的儲存量及減小將聲紋新增至現有說話者設定檔所需的處理能力。
在一些實例中，在區塊502及/或602處執行之說話者識別可包括基於情境資訊判定使用說話者設定檔及/或替代說話者設定檔進行說話者識別是否不正確。圖7繪示使用可在區塊502或602處執行之情境資訊執行說話者識別的例示性方法700。在區塊702處，可以類似於或等同於方法500之區塊502或方法600之區塊602的方式對在方法300之區塊302處接收到的音訊輸入執行說話者識別程序。若判定音訊輸入之說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法700可進行到區塊704。
在區塊704處，可基於情境資訊判定在區塊702處進行的判定是否很可能不正確。在一些實例中，此可包括判定是否接收到取消操作之請求(例如，經由來自使用者之口頭請求，經由使用者器件之按鈕或其他輸入機構或類似者)。取消請求的出現可指示在區塊702處進行的判定很可能不正確，因為使用者目前取消了觸發片語之發音意欲起 始的操作。舉例而言，此可在多個使用者定位於相同房間且來自使用者之發音觸發另一使用者之裝置上之虛擬助理的啟動的情況下發生。在其他實例中，區塊704可包括判定是否並未在臨限時間長度內接收到包括使用者語音之後續音訊輸入。臨限時間長度可為任何所需時間長度，但在一些實例中，可表示時間量，在該時間量期間使用者很可能在說出觸發片語之後將請求或命令提供至虛擬助理。在此臨限時間長度內不存在包括使用者語音之音訊輸入可指示在區塊702處進行之判定很可能不正確，因為使用者並未在觸發片語之發音之後提供預期的輸入類型，此表明使用者確實不意欲觸發該虛擬助理。在其他實例中，可使用可指示在區塊702處進行之判定正確或不正確的其他類型之情境資訊。若在區塊704處判定在區塊702處進行之判定並非不正確，則方法700可進行到區塊708，其中可進行音訊輸入之說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者的最終判定。替代地，若替代地在區塊704處判定在區塊702處進行之判定很可能不正確，則方法700可進行到區塊710，其中可進行音訊輸入之說話者並非由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者的最終判定。
返回參考區塊702，若替代地判定音訊輸入之說話者並非由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者，則方法700可進行到區塊706。在區塊706處，可基於情境資訊判定在區塊702處進行的判定是否很可能不正確。在一些實例中，此可包括判定是否在臨限時間長度內接收到包括觸發片語之另一音訊輸入。臨限時間長度可為任何所需時間長度。接收到另一觸發片語可指示在區塊702處進行之判定很可能不正確，因為使用者再次嘗試觸發虛擬助理。在其他實例中，區塊706可包括判定在臨限時間長度內是否接收到觸發虛擬助理(例如，經由選擇機械按鈕或其他輸入機構)之另一形式的請求。臨限時間長度可為任何所需時間長度。接收到另一觸發片語可指示在區塊702處進行之判定很 可能不正確，因為使用者繼續嘗試使用除觸發片語外之構件觸發虛擬助理。在其他實例中，可使用可指示在區塊702處進行之判定正確或不正確的其他類型之情境資訊。若在區塊706處判定在區塊702處進行之判定並非不正確，則方法可進行到區塊710，其中可進行音訊輸入之說話者並非為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者的最終判定。替代地，若替代地在區塊706處判定在區塊702處進行之判定很可能不正確，則方法700可進行到區塊708，其中可進行音訊輸入之說話者為由說話者設定檔表示之預定使用者的最終判定。
方法300、400、500、600及700可根據以上描述繼續重複任何次數以處理使用者輸入及以產生/修改說話者設定檔以用於執行說話者識別。在一些實例中，可回應於來使用者之請求、改變虛擬助理之語言的請求或其他輸入重置或刪除說話者設定檔。在此等實例中，方法300可再次以說話者設定檔產生模式(由區塊308表示)操作且如上文所描述般繼續。
雖然上文描述特定操作模式及用於選擇每一模式(例如，在區塊306處)之準則，但應瞭解，取決於虛擬助理之所需操作可使用任何其他準則。此外，應瞭解，方法300可包括替代、附加或較少操作模式。舉例而言，在一些實例中，方法300可僅包括說話者設定檔修改模式。在此等實例中，可省略區塊306、308及312。在其他實例中，方法300可包括說話者設定檔構建模式及說話者設定檔修改模式，但可不包括靜態說話者設定檔模式。在此等實例中，方法300可包括區塊306、308及310，但可不包括區塊312。應瞭解，此等及其他模式之其他組合是可能的。
應瞭解，方法300、400、500、600及700之區塊可執行於使用者器件102、伺服器系統110或使用者器件102與伺服器系統110之組合上。舉例而言，在一些實例中，方法300、400、500、600及700之所 有區塊可執行於使用者器件102上。在其他實例中，方法300、400、500、600及700之一些區塊可執行於使用者器件102處，而方法300、400、500、600及700之其他區塊可執行於伺服器系統110處。在另一實例中，方法300、400、500、600及700之所有區塊可執行於伺服器系統110處。
電子器件
根據一些實施例，圖8展示根據各種所描述實例之原理組態的電子器件800之功能方塊圖。可藉由硬體、軟體或硬體及軟體之組合實施器件之功能區塊，以執行各種所描述實例之原理。熟習此項技術者應理解，可組合圖8中所描述之功能區塊，或將其分開成子區塊以實施各種所描述實例之原理。因此，本文中之描述視情況支援本文中所描述之功能區塊的任何可能組合或分離，或其他定義。
如圖8中所示，電子器件800可包括經組態以顯示使用者介面並接收觸摸式輸入之觸控式螢幕顯示器單元802，及經組態以接收聲音輸入之聲音接收單元804。在一些實例中，電子器件800可包括經組態以產生聲音之揚聲器單元806。電子器件800可進一步包括耦接至觸控式螢幕顯示器單元802及聲音接收單元804(且視情況，耦接至揚聲器單元806)之處理單元808。在一些實例中，處理單元808可包括接收單元810、判定單元812、新增單元814、語音轉文字單元816、意圖判定單元818、任務判定單元820、參數判定單元822及任務執行單元824。
處理單元808可經組態以接收(例如，自音訊接收單元804)包含使用者語音之音訊輸入。判定單元810可經組態以至少部分基於預定使用者之說話者設定檔判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者。新增單元812可經組態以根據使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者的判定將包含使用者語音之音訊輸入新增至預定使用者之說話者設定檔。
在一些實例中，預定使用者之說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
在一些實例中，自包含使用者語音之先前接收到的音訊輸入產生預定使用者之說話者設定檔之複數個聲紋中之每一者。
在一些實例中，至少部分基於預定使用者之說話者設定檔判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者包含：判定包含使用者語音之音訊輸入是否匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋；根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入並不匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者。
在一些實例中，至少部分基於預定使用者之說話者設定檔判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者包含：判定包含使用者語音之音訊輸入是否匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋；根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋的判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行不正確的說話者判定；根據不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者；及根據不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入並不匹配至少臨限數目之複數個聲紋的判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行不正確的說話者判定；根據不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者；及根據不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者。
在一些實例中，將包含使用者語音之音訊輸入新增至預定使用者之說話者設定檔包含：自包含使用者語音之音訊輸入產生聲紋；及儲存與預定使用者之說話者設定檔相關聯的聲紋。
在一些實例中，新增單元814可經進一步組態以根據使用者語音 之說話者並非預定使用者的判定將包含使用者語音之音訊輸入新增至替代使用者之說話者設定檔。
在一些實例中，替代使用者之說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
在一些實例中，自包含使用者語音之先前接收到的音訊輸入產生替代使用者之說話者設定檔之複數個聲紋中之每一者。
在一些實例中，判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者進一步至少部分基於替代使用者之說話者設定檔。
在一些實例中，判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者包含：判定包含使用者語音之音訊輸入是否匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目；根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔的聲紋數目的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目不大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔的聲紋數目的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者。
在一些實例中，判定使用者語音之說話者是否係預定使用者包含：判定包含使用者語音之音訊輸入是否匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目；根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔的聲紋數目的判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行不正確的說話者判定；根據不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者；及根據不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之音訊輸入匹配預定使用者之說話者設定檔之聲紋數目不大於替代使用者之說話者設定檔的聲紋數目的判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行不正確的說話者判 定；根據不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者並非預定使用者；及根據不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的判定，判定使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者。
在一些實例中，語音轉文字單元816可經組態以根據使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者的判定對包含第二使用者語音之第二音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換，其中在接收包含使用者語音之音訊輸入之後接收第二音訊輸入。意圖判定單元818可經組態以根據使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者的判定基於第二使用者語音判定使用者意圖。任務判定單元820可經組態以根據使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者的判定基於第二使用者語音判定待執行之任務。任務執行單元824可經組態以根據使用者語音之說話者係預定使用者的判定根據所判定之參數執行待執行的任務。
如上文所描述，本發明技術之一個態樣為可自各種來源獲得的資料之搜集及使用，以改良發明內容或可為使用者所關注之任何其他內容至使用者的傳送。本發明涵蓋，在一些情況下，此搜集之資料可包括唯一地識別或可用以連絡或定位特定個人之個人資訊資料。此個人資訊資料可包括人口統計資料、基於位置之資料、電話號碼、電子郵件地址、家庭地址或任何其他識別資訊。
本發明認識到，在本發明技術中使用此個人資訊資料可用以使使用者受益。舉例而言，個人資訊資料可用以傳遞為使用者更多關注之目標性內容。因此，使用此個人資訊資料使得能夠對所傳送內容進行計算式控制。另外，本發明亦涵蓋使使用者受益的個人資訊資料之其他使用。
本發明進一步涵蓋負責此個人資訊資料之收集、分析、揭示、傳送、儲存或其他使用的實體將遵守良好確立之隱私策略及/或隱私實務。詳言之，此等實體應實施且一致地使用通常認識為符合或超出 用於維持個人資訊資料隱私及安全之行業或政府要求的隱私策略及實踐。舉例而言，實體應將來自使用者之個人資訊收集為用於合法且合理使用，而非超出彼等合法使用地對其進行共用或出售。此外，應僅在接收到使用者之知情同意之後發生此收集。另外，此等實體將採取任何所需步驟，以用於保衛及保證對此個人資訊資料之存取，並確保能夠存取個人資訊資料之其他人遵守其隱私策略及程序。此外，此等實體自身可經受由第三方作出之評估，以證明其遵守廣泛接受之隱私策略及實踐。
不管前述如何，本發明亦涵蓋使用者選擇性地阻礙對個人資訊資料之使用或存取的實例。亦即，本發明涵蓋，可提供硬體及/或軟體元件以防止或阻礙存取此個人資訊資料。舉例而言，在廣告遞送服務的情況下，本發明技術可經組態以允許使用者在註冊服務期間作出「選擇進入」或「選擇離開」參與收集個人資訊資料之選擇。在另一實例中，使用者可選擇並不提供用於針對性內容遞送服務之位置資訊。在又一實例中，使用者可選擇不提供精確位置資訊，但允許傳送位置區資訊。
因此，儘管本發明廣泛地涵蓋使用個人資訊資料以實施一或多項各種所揭示實例，但本發明亦涵蓋亦可在無需存取此個人資訊資料之情況下實施各種實例。亦即，本技術之各種實例並不會歸因於缺乏此個人資訊資料中之全部或一部分而致使不可操作。舉例而言，可藉由基於非個人資訊資料或最小量之個人資訊(諸如，由與使用者相關聯之器件所請求的內容、可用以內容遞送服務之其他非個人資訊或公開可用資訊)推斷偏好而選擇內容並將其遞送至使用者。
儘管已參考附圖充分描述實例，但應注意，各種改變及修改將變得為熟習此項技術者所顯而易見。應將此等變化及修改理解為包括於如由所附申請專利範圍定義的各種實例之範疇內。

Claims (18)

  1. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之方法，該方法包含：在一電子器件處：在該電子器件處接收包含使用者語音之一音訊輸入；判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字；回應於判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字：至少部分基於一預定使用者之一說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之一說話者是否係該預定使用者；及根據該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者的一判定：將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔；對包含一第二使用者語音之一第二音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換，其中在接收到包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入之後接收該第二音訊輸入；基於該第二使用者語音判定一使用者意圖；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之一任務；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之該任務之一參數；及根據該所判定之參數執行待執行之該任務。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其中該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
  3. 如請求項2之方法，其中自包含使用者語音之先前接收到的音訊輸入產生該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔的該複數個聲紋中之每一者。
  4. 如請求項2之方法，其中至少部分基於該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之該說話者是否係該預定使用者包 含：判定包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入是否匹配至少一臨限數目之該複數個聲紋；根據包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配至少該臨限數目之該複數個聲紋的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入並不匹配至少該臨限數目之該複數個聲紋的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者。
  5. 如請求項2之方法，其中至少部分基於該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之該說話者是否係該預定使用者包含：判定包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入是否匹配至少一臨限數目之該複數個聲紋；根據包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配至少該臨限數目之該複數個聲紋的一判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行一不正確的說話者判定；根據一不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者；及根據一不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者；及根據包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入並不匹配至少該臨限數目之該複數個聲紋的一判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行一不正確的說話者判定；根據一不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者；及 根據一不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者。
  6. 如請求項1之方法，其中將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔包含：自包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入產生一聲紋；及儲存與該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔相關聯的該聲紋。
  7. 如請求項1之方法，其中該方法進一步包含：根據該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者的一判定，將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至一替代使用者之一說話者設定檔。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，其中該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
  9. 如請求項8之方法，其中自包含使用者語音之先前接收到的音訊輸入產生該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔的該複數個聲紋中之每一者。
  10. 如請求項7之方法，其中判定該使用者語音之該說話者是否係該預定使用者進一步至少部分基於該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔。
  11. 如請求項7之方法，其中判定該使用者語音之該說話者是否係該預定使用者包含：判定與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之一聲紋數目是否大於該匹配包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入之替代使用者之該說話者設定檔之一聲紋數目；根據與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之該聲紋數目大於該與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之替代使用者之該說話者設定檔的該聲紋數目的一 判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者；及根據與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之該聲紋數目不大於該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔的該聲紋數目的該判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者。
  12. 如請求項7之方法，其中判定該使用者語音之該說話者是否係該預定使用者包含：判定與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之一聲紋數目是否大於該與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔之一聲紋數目；根據與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之該聲紋數目大於與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔的該聲紋數目的一判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行一第一不正確的說話者判定；根據該第一不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者；及根據該第一不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者；及根據與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔之該聲紋數目不大於該與包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入匹配之替代使用者之該說話者設定檔的該聲紋數目的一判定：判定是否基於情境資料進行一第二不正確的說話者判定；根據該第二不正確的說話者判定並非基於情境資料進行的 一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者；及根據該第二不正確的說話者判定基於情境資料進行的一判定，判定該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者。
  13. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之電腦可讀儲存媒體，該電腦可讀儲存媒體包含用於以下操作之指令：接收包含使用者話音之一音訊輸入；判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字；回應於判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字：至少部分基於一預定使用者之一說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之一說話者是否係該預定使用者；及根據該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者的一判定：將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔；對包含一第二使用者語音之一第二音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換，其中在接收到包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入之後接收該第二音訊輸入；基於該第二使用者語音判定一使用者意圖；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之一任務；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之該任務之一參數；及根據該所判定之參數執行待執行之該任務。
  14. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之系統，該系統包含：一或多個處理器；記憶體，其儲存經組態以藉由該一或多個處理器執行之一或多個程式，該一或多個程式包括用於以下操作之指令：接收包含使用者話音之一音訊輸入； 判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字；回應於判定是否該使用者語音包含一或多個預定字：至少部分基於一預定使用者之一說話者設定檔判定該使用者語音之一說話者是否係該預定使用者；及根據該使用者語音之該說話者係該預定使用者的一判定：將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔；對包含一第二使用者語音之一第二音訊輸入執行語音轉文字轉換，其中在接收到包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入之後接收該第二音訊輸入；基於該第二使用者語音判定一使用者意圖；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之一任務；基於該第二使用者語音判定待執行之該任務之一參數；及根據該所判定之參數執行待執行之該任務。
  15. 如請求項14之系統，其中該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
  16. 如請求項14之系統，其中將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔包含：自包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入產生一聲紋；及儲存與該預定使用者之該說話者設定檔相關聯的該聲紋。
  17. 如請求項14之系統，其中該一或多個程式進一步包括用於執行以下操作之指令：根據該使用者語音之該說話者並非該預定使用者的一判定，將包含使用者語音之該音訊輸入新增至一替代使用者之一說話者設定檔。
  18. 如請求項17之系統，其中該替代使用者之該說話者設定檔包含複數個聲紋。
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