TWI585744B - 用於操作虛擬助理之方法、系統及電腦可讀取儲存媒體 - Google Patents

用於操作虛擬助理之方法、系統及電腦可讀取儲存媒體 Download PDF

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TWI585744B
TWI585744B TW104128528A TW104128528A TWI585744B TW I585744 B TWI585744 B TW I585744B TW 104128528 A TW104128528 A TW 104128528A TW 104128528 A TW104128528 A TW 104128528A TW I585744 B TWI585744 B TW I585744B
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迪梵Ｋ 奈克
阿里Ｓ 莫罕默德
宏Ｍ 陳
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蘋果公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/08—Speech classification or search
    • G10L15/18—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling
    • G10L15/183—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling using context dependencies, e.g. language models
    • G10L15/187—Phonemic context, e.g. pronunciation rules, phonotactical constraints or phoneme n-grams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/08—Speech classification or search
    • G10L15/18—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling
    • G10L15/183—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling using context dependencies, e.g. language models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L13/00—Speech synthesis; Text to speech systems
    • G10L13/08—Text analysis or generation of parameters for speech synthesis out of text, e.g. grapheme to phoneme translation, prosody generation or stress or intonation determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/005—Language recognition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/06—Creation of reference templates; Training of speech recognition systems, e.g. adaptation to the characteristics of the speaker's voice
    • G10L15/063—Training
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/26—Speech to text systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/22—Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialogue
    • G10L2015/226—Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialogue using non-speech characteristics
    • G10L2015/228—Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialogue using non-speech characteristics of application context

Description

用於操作虛擬助理之方法、系統及電腦可讀取儲存媒體 對相關申請案之交叉參考
本申請案主張2014年9月30日申請之題為「用於伺服音標發音之快取裝置(A CACHING APPARATUS FOR SERVING PHONETIC PRONUNCIATIONS)」之美國臨時申請案第62/058,084號及2015年8月25日申請之題為「用於伺服音標發音之快取裝置(A CACHING APPARATUS FOR SERVING PHONETIC PRONUNCIATIONS)」之美國非臨時申請案第14/835,520號之優先權，該等美國申請案特此出於所有目的以全文引用之方式併入。
本發明大體上係關於自然語言處理，且更具體而言，係關於用於自然語言處理之發音語彙。
智慧型自動化助理(或虛擬助理)提供使用者與電子器件之間的直觀介面。此等助理可允許使用者使用呈口語及/或文字形式之自然語言與器件或系統互動。舉例而言，使用者可藉由將呈自然語言形式之口語使用者輸入提供至與該電子器件相關聯的虛擬助理而存取電子器件之服務。虛擬助理可對口語使用者輸入執行自然語言處理以推斷使用者之意圖並將使用者之意圖操作成任務。可接著藉由執行電子器件之一或多個功能而執行任務，且可將相關輸出以自然語言形式返回至 使用者。
習知虛擬助理使用發音語彙以辨識口語使用者輸入中所含有之詞語。此等發音語彙通常包括用於預定之一組常用詞語的一或多個音標發音。因此，當接收到口語使用者輸入時，虛擬助理可將輸入與發音語彙中之音標發音進行比較以識別語彙中與口語使用者輸入最緊密匹配之詞語。
雖然習知發音語彙可用於有效辨識虛擬助理遇到之詞語中的許多者，但可能難以使用習知發音語彙以識別命名實體，諸如個人、餐館、城市、電影或其類似實體之名稱。此係因為對於習知發音語彙，包括所有可能的命名實體為不切實際的。舉例而言，習知發音語彙通常需要由語音學者手動鍵入每一發音。以此方式鍵入所有可能的命名實體可能驚人地耗時。此外，即使所有命名實體新增至習知發音語彙，發音之較大數目仍可導致發音類似的詞語之間的混淆。結果，虛擬助理可能常常不正確地辨識使用者口語輸入中的詞語。
因此，需要用於產生、管理及使用發音語彙的改良程序。
提供用於產生一共用發音語彙及使用該共用發音語彙以解譯由一虛擬助理接收之口語使用者輸入的系統及程序。在一個實例中，該程序可包括自多個使用者接收詞語或命名實體之發音。該等發音可藉由內容脈絡標籤而標記且可儲存於該共用發音語彙中。該共用發音語彙可接著用於解譯由一使用者器件所接收之一口語使用者輸入，該解譯藉由基於與該使用者器件相關聯之內容相關資訊判定該共用發音語彙之一相關子集及使用該共用發音語彙之該經判定的子集對該口語使用者輸入執行語音轉文字轉換而進行。
100‧‧‧用於實施虛擬助理之系統
102‧‧‧使用者器件
103‧‧‧使用者器件
108‧‧‧網路
110‧‧‧伺服器系統
114‧‧‧虛擬助理伺服器
116‧‧‧至外部服務之I/O介面
118‧‧‧處理模組
120‧‧‧資料及模型儲存器
122‧‧‧面向用戶端之I/O介面
124‧‧‧外部服務
202‧‧‧記憶體介面
204‧‧‧處理器
206‧‧‧周邊設備介面
210‧‧‧運動感測器
212‧‧‧光感測器
214‧‧‧近接感測器
216‧‧‧其他感測器
220‧‧‧攝影機子系統
222‧‧‧光學感測器
224‧‧‧有線及/或無線通信子系統
226‧‧‧音訊子系統
228‧‧‧揚聲器
230‧‧‧麥克風
240‧‧‧I/O子系統
242‧‧‧觸控式螢幕控制器
244‧‧‧其他輸入控制器
246‧‧‧觸控式螢幕
248‧‧‧其他輸入/控制器件
250‧‧‧記憶體
252‧‧‧作業系統
254‧‧‧通信模組
256‧‧‧圖形使用者介面模組
258‧‧‧感測器處理模組
260‧‧‧電話模組
262‧‧‧應用程式/應用程式模組
264‧‧‧虛擬助理用戶端模組
266‧‧‧使用者資料
300‧‧‧用於使用共用發音語彙操作虛擬助理之例示性程序
400‧‧‧用於產生共用發音語彙的例示性程序
500‧‧‧用於使用共用發音語彙執行語音合成的例示性程序
600‧‧‧電子器件
602‧‧‧觸控式螢幕顯示單元
604‧‧‧音訊接收單元
606‧‧‧揚聲器單元
608‧‧‧處理單元
610‧‧‧第一發音接收單元
612‧‧‧第一發音儲存單元
614‧‧‧第二發音接收單元
616‧‧‧第二發音儲存單元
618‧‧‧第三發音接收單元
620‧‧‧第三發音儲存單元
622‧‧‧內容脈絡接收單元
624‧‧‧子集判定單元
626‧‧‧音訊資料接收單元
628‧‧‧語音轉文字單元
630‧‧‧回應判定單元
632‧‧‧發音判定單元
634‧‧‧傳輸單元
636‧‧‧刪除單元
圖1說明根據各種實例之虛擬助理可操作所在的例示性環境。
圖2說明根據各種實例之例示性使用者器件。
圖3說明根據各種實例之用於使用共用發音語彙操作虛擬助理之例示性程序。
圖4說明根據各種實例之用於產生共用發音語彙的例示性程序。
圖5說明根據各種實例之用於使用共用發音語彙執行語音合成的例示性程序。
圖6說明根據各種實例之經組態以使用共用發音語彙操作虛擬助理之電子器件的功能方塊圖。
在實例之以下描述中，參考借助於說明展示可實踐之特定實例的附圖。應理解，在不脫離各種實例之範疇的情況下可使用其他實例，且可進行結構改變。
此係關於用於產生共用發音語彙及使用該共用發音語彙以解譯由虛擬助理接收之口語使用者輸入的系統及程序。在一個實例中，該程序可包括自多個使用者接收詞語或命名實體之發音。發音可藉由內容脈絡標籤而標記且可儲存於共用發音語彙中。共用發音語彙可接著用於解譯由使用者器件所接收之口語使用者輸入，該解譯藉由基於與使用者器件相關聯之內容相關資訊判定共用發音語彙之相關子集及使用共用發音語彙之經判定的子集對口語使用者輸入執行語音轉文字轉換而進行。
系統概述
圖1說明根據各種實例之用於實施虛擬助理的例示性系統100。術語「虛擬助理」、「數位助理」、「智慧型自動化助理」或「自動數位助理」可指解譯呈口語及/或文字形式之自然語言輸入以推斷使用者意圖，並基於所推斷使用者意圖執行動作的任何資訊處理系統。舉例而言，為作用於所推斷使用者意圖，系統可執行以下操作中之一或多 者：識別具有經設計以實現所推斷使用者意圖之步驟及參數的任務流程；將來自所推斷使用者意圖之特定需求輸入至任務流程中；藉由叫用程式、方法、服務、API或其類似者執行任務流程；及向使用者產生呈聲訊(例如，語音)及/或視覺形式之輸出回應。
虛擬助理可能夠接受至少部分呈自然語言命令、請求、陳述、記述及/或詢問形式之使用者請求。通常，使用者請求藉由虛擬助理尋求資訊答覆或任務之執行。對使用者請求之滿意回應可包括所請求資訊答覆之供應、所請求任務之執行，或兩者之組合。舉例而言，使用者可向虛擬助理提出問題，諸如「我此刻在哪？」基於使用者之當前位置，虛擬助理可答覆「你在中央公園」。使用者亦可請求任務之執行(例如，「請提醒我今天下午4點打電話給媽媽」)。作為回應，虛擬助理可應答請求且接著在使用者之電子排程中建立適當提醒項目。在所請求任務之執行期間，虛擬助理有時可在延長之時間段內在涉及資訊之多次交換的連續對話中與使用者互動。存在與虛擬助理互動以請求資訊或各種任務之執行的眾多其他方式。除提供口語回應及採取程式化動作之外，虛擬助理亦可提供呈其他視覺或音訊形式(例如，如文字、警示、音樂、視訊、動畫等)的回應。
在申請人之2011年1月10日申請之美國實用新型申請案第12/987,982號「智慧型自動化助理(Intelligent Automated Assistant)」中描述虛擬助理之實例，該申請案之全部揭示內容以引用的方式併入本文中。
如圖1中所展示，在一些實例中，可根據用戶端伺服器模型實施虛擬助理。虛擬助理可包括在一或多個使用者器件102或103上執行之用戶端側部分及在伺服器系統110上執行之伺服器側部分。使用者器件102或103可包括任何電子器件，諸如行動電話、平板電腦、攜帶型媒體播放器、桌上型電腦、膝上型電腦、PDA、電視、電視機上盒、 可穿戴電子器件或其類似者，且可經由一或多個網路108與伺服器系統110通信，網路108可包括網際網路、企業內部網路或任何其他有線或無線公用或私用網路。在使用者器件102或103上執行之用戶端側部分可提供用戶端側功能性，諸如面向使用者輸入及輸出處理及與伺服器系統110進行的通信。伺服器系統110可為駐留於各別使用者器件102或103上之任何數目個用戶端提供伺服器側功能性。
伺服器系統110可包括一或多個虛擬助理伺服器114，其可包括面向用戶端之I/O介面122、一或多個處理模組118、資料及模型儲存器120以及至外部服務之I/O介面116。面向用戶端之I/O介面122可促進虛擬助理伺服器114之面向用戶端的輸入及輸出處理。一或多個處理模組118可利用資料及模型儲存器120以基於自然語言輸入判定使用者之意圖，且基於所推斷使用者意圖執行任務執行。在一些實例中，虛擬助理伺服器114可經由網路108與外部服務124(諸如，電話服務、行事曆服務、資訊服務、訊息傳遞服務、導航服務及其類似服務)通信以用於任務完成或資訊獲取。至外部服務之I/O介面116可促進此等通信。
伺服器系統110可在一或多個獨立資料處理器件或分散式電腦網路上實施。在一些實例中，伺服器系統110可採用第三方服務提供商(例如，第三方雲端服務提供商)之各種虛擬器件及/或服務以提供伺服器系統110之基礎計算資源及/或基礎設施資源。
儘管虛擬助理之功能性在圖1中展示為包括用戶端側部分及伺服器側部分兩者，但在一些實例中，助理之功能可實施為安裝於使用者器件上的獨立應用程式。另外，虛擬助理之用戶端部分與伺服器部分之間的功能性之劃分可在不同實例中變化。舉例而言，在一些實例中，在使用者器件102上執行之用戶端可為僅提供面向使用者之輸入及輸出處理功能且將虛擬助理之所有其他功能性委派至後端伺服器的 精簡型用戶端。
使用者器件
圖2為根據各種實例之使用者器件102的方塊圖。如所展示，使用者器件102可包括記憶體介面202、一個或多個處理器204及周邊設備介面206。使用者器件102中之各種組件可藉由一或多個通信匯流排或信號線而耦接在一起。使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至周邊設備介面206之各種感測器、子系統及周邊器件。感測器、子系統及周邊器件搜集資訊及/或促進使用者器件102之各種功能性。
舉例而言，使用者器件102可包括耦接至周邊設備介面206以促進定向、光及近接之感測功能的運動感測器210、光感測器212及近接感測器214。一或多個其他感測器216(諸如，定位系統(例如，GPS接收器)、溫度感測器、生物測定感測器、陀螺儀、羅盤、加速度計及其類似感測器)亦連接至周邊設備介面206以促進相關功能性。
在一些實例中，攝影機子系統220及光學感測器222可用以促進攝影機功能，諸如拍照及記錄視訊剪輯。可經由一或多個有線及/或無線通信子系統224促進通信功能，有線及/或無線通信子系統224可包括各種通信埠、射頻接收器及傳輸器及/或光學(例如，紅外線)接收器及傳輸器。可將音訊子系統226耦接至揚聲器228及麥克風230以促進話音允用功能(諸如，話音辨識、話音複製、數位記錄及電話功能)。
在一些實例中，使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至周邊設備介面206的I/O子系統240。I/O子系統240可包括觸控式螢幕控制器242及/或其他輸入控制器244。可將觸控式螢幕控制器242耦接至觸控式螢幕246。觸控式螢幕246及觸控式螢幕控制器242可(例如)使用複數種觸敏技術(諸如，電容、電阻、紅外線及表面聲波技術)中之任一者、近接感測器陣列及其類似者偵測其接觸及移動或中斷。可將其他輸入控 制器244耦接至其他輸入/控制器件248，諸如一或多個按鈕、搖臂開關、拇指旋輪、紅外線埠、USB埠及/或諸如手寫筆之指標器件。
在一些實例中，使用者器件102可進一步包括耦接至記憶體250之記憶體介面202。記憶體250可包括：任何電子、磁性、光學、電磁、紅外線或半導體系統、裝置或器件；攜帶型電腦磁片(磁性)；隨機存取記憶體(RAM)(磁性)；唯讀記憶體(ROM)(磁性)；可抹除可程式化唯讀記憶體(EPROM)(磁性)；諸如CD、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD、DVD-R或DVD-RW之攜帶型光碟；或諸如緊密快閃卡、安全數位卡、USB記憶體器件、記憶卡及其類似者之快閃記憶體。在一些實例中，記憶體250之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體可用於儲存指令(例如，用於執行下文所描述之程序300、400及500中之一些或全部)以供由或結合指令執行系統、裝置或器件(諸如，基於電腦之系統、含處理器之系統或可自指令執行系統、裝置或器件提取指令並執行該等指令的其他系統)使用。在其他實例中，指令(例如，用於執行下文所描述之程序300、400及500中之一些或全部)可被儲存於伺服器系統110之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體上，或可在記憶體250之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體與伺服器系統110之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體之間被劃分。在本文獻之上下文中，「非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體」可為可含有或儲存程式以供由或結合指令執行系統、裝置或器件使用的任何媒體。
在一些實例中，記憶體250可儲存作業系統252、通信模組254、圖形使用者介面模組256、感測器處理模組258、電話模組260及應用程式262。作業系統252可包括用於處置基本系統服務及用於執行硬體相依任務的指令。通信模組254可促進與一或多個額外器件、一或多個電腦及/或一或多個伺服器進行通信。圖形使用者介面模組256可促進圖形使用者介面處理。感測器處理模組258可促進感測器相關之處理及功能。電話模組260可促進電話相關程序及功能。應用程式模組 262可促進使用者應用程式之各種功能性，諸如電子訊息傳遞、網頁瀏覽、媒體處理、導航、成像及/或其他程序及功能。
如本文中所描述，記憶體250亦可儲存用戶端側虛擬助理指令(例如，在虛擬助理用戶端模組264中)及各種使用者資料266(例如，使用者特定詞彙資料、偏好資料及/或諸如使用者之電子通訊錄、待辦事項清單、購物清單等的其他資料)以提供虛擬助理之用戶端側功能性。
在各種實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可能夠經由使用者器件102之各種使用者介面(例如，I/O子系統240、音訊子系統226或其類似者)接受話音輸入(例如，語音輸入)、文字輸入、觸摸式輸入及/或示意動作輸入。虛擬助理用戶端模組264亦可能夠提供呈音訊(例如，語音輸出)、視覺及/或觸覺形式之輸出。舉例而言，輸出可提供為話音、聲音、警示、文字訊息、功能表、圖形、視訊、動畫、振動及/或上述中之兩者或兩者以上的組合。在操作期間，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可使用通信子系統224而與虛擬助理伺服器通信。
在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可利用各種感測器、子系統及周邊器件以自使用者器件102之周圍環境搜集額外資訊以建立與使用者、當前使用者互動及/或當前使用者輸入相關聯的內容脈絡。在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可將具有使用者輸入之內容相關資訊或其子集提供至虛擬助理伺服器以有助於推斷使用者之意圖。虛擬助理亦可使用內容相關資訊以判定如何準備輸出及將輸出遞送至使用者。
在一些實例中，伴隨使用者輸入之內容相關資訊可包括以下感測器資訊：諸如照明、環境雜訊、環境溫度、周圍環境之影像或視訊、離另一物件之距離及其類似資訊。內容相關資訊可進一步包括與使用者器件102之實體狀態(例如，器件定向、器件位置、器件溫度、 功率位準、速度、加速度、運動型樣、蜂巢式信號強度等)或使用者器件102之軟體狀態(例如，執行中程序、安裝之程式、過去及目前網路活動、背景服務、錯誤日誌、資源使用量等)相關聯的資訊。可將此等類型之內容相關資訊中之任一者作為與使用者輸入相關聯的內容相關資訊提供至虛擬助理伺服器114。
在一些實例中，虛擬助理用戶端模組264可回應於來自虛擬助理伺服器114之請求而選擇性地提供儲存於使用者器件102上的資訊(例如，使用者資料266)。虛擬助理用戶端模組264亦可在虛擬助理伺服器114請求後經由自然語言對話或其他使用者介面引發來自使用者的額外輸入。虛擬助理用戶端模組264可將額外輸入至遞送虛擬助理伺服器114以有助於虛擬助理伺服器114對在使用者請求中表達的使用者意圖進行意圖推斷及/或實現。
在各種實例中，記憶體250可包括額外指令或較少指令。此外，使用者器件102之各種功能可在硬體中及/或韌體中予以實施，包括在一或多個信號處理及/或特殊應用積體電路中予以實施。
雖然未圖示，但使用者器件103可包括與圖2中所展示之使用者器件102類似或相同的組件。
共用發音語彙
圖3說明根據各種實例之用於使用共用發音語彙操作虛擬助理之例示性程序300。在一些實例中，可由與系統100類似或相同之虛擬助理系統執行程序300。
在區塊302處，一或多個伺服器(例如，伺服器系統110)可產生共用發音語彙。一般而言，共用發音語彙可為含有任何數目個詞語或命名實體的任何數目個發音的動態語彙。可自由一或多個伺服器支援之使用者(例如，使用者器件102及103之使用者)接收共用發音語彙中之發音中的一些或全部。如下文更詳細地論述，共用發音語彙可由一或 多個伺服器使用以辨識來自所支援使用者中之任一者的使用者語音中所含有的詞語或名稱。
圖4說明可在區塊302處執行以產生共用發音語彙之例示性程序400。在區塊402處，一或多個伺服器(例如，伺服器系統110)可接收命名實體(諸如，連絡人清單中之名稱、餐館、城市、所關注之個人或其類似者)的發音。在一些實例中，在區塊402處接收之發音可包括如由使用者器件(例如，使用者器件102或103)俘獲的使用者講出命名實體之名稱的音訊記錄。在此等實例中，區塊402可進一步包括處理音訊記錄以產生表示命名實體之發音的聲學模型。在其他實例中，使用者器件(例如，使用者器件102或103)既可俘獲使用者講出命名實體之名稱的音訊記錄亦可產生表示命名實體之發音的聲學模型。在此等實例中，在區塊402處接收命名實體之發音可包括接收表示命名實體之發音的聲學模型。
在區塊404處，一或多個伺服器可視情況判定用於在區塊402處接收之命名實體之發音的一或多個內容脈絡標籤。內容脈絡標籤可包括發音適用之關於命名實體的發音之適用性的文字或其他描述(諸如，位置、標的物域、語言或其類似者)。舉例而言，名稱之發音可藉由識別發音應適用之國家或區域的位置標籤而標記。此標籤可有利地用於正確識別詞語或命名實體的取決於演講者之位置而變化的適當發音。在另一實例中，命名實體之發音可藉由識別發音應適用之標的物域(例如，體育運動、餐館等)的域標籤而標記。此標籤可有利地用於正確識別詞語或命名實體之取決於標的物域而變化的適當發音。舉例而言，體育運動員之名稱的發音可不同於餐館的以同一方式拼寫之名稱的發音。在又一實例中，命名實體之發音可藉由識別發音應適用之語言(例如，英語、法語、意大利語等)的語言標籤而標記。此標籤可有利地用於正確識別詞語或命名實體的取決於講出其所用之語言而 變化的適當發音。舉例而言，名稱「珍(Jean)」可以英語的一種方式發音且可以法語的另一方式發音。
在一些實例中，可至少部分地基於自在區塊402處提供過發音之使用者器件接收的內容相關資訊而判定一或多個內容脈絡標籤。內容相關資訊可包括任何類型之內容相關資訊，諸如來自器件之感測器資訊，諸如照明、環境雜訊、環境溫度、周圍環境之影像或視訊、離另一物件之距離及其類似者。內容相關資訊可進一步包括與使用者器件之實體狀態(例如，器件定向、器件位置、器件溫度、功率位準、速度、加速度、運動型樣、蜂巢式信號強度等)或使用者器件之軟體狀態(例如，執行中程序、使用者設定、使用者偏好、安裝之程式、過去及目前網路活動、背景服務、錯誤日誌、資源使用量、先前接收之使用者輸入、近期產生/接收之文字或電子郵件訊息等)相關聯的資訊。此等及其他類型之內容相關資訊可用於判定可能與在區塊402處接收之發音相關聯的位置、域、語言或其類似者。舉例而言，當前由使用者檢視之資訊、執行於使用者器件上之一種類型的應用程式、使用者之近期電子郵件或SMS訊息的內容或其類似者可用於判定使用者可能視為當前相關之標的物域。在其他實例中，使用者器件之位置(例如，如使用GPS或其他定位感測器判定)可用於判定使用者可能視為當前相關之位置。在另外其他實例中，使用者之語言設定、近期電子郵件或SMS訊息中使用之語言或其類似者可用於判定使用者可能視為當前相關的語言。
雖然上文提供用於判定內容脈絡標籤之內容相關資訊的特定使用，但應瞭解，其他類型之內容相關資訊可用於判定任何類型之內容脈絡標籤。
在區塊406處，一或多個伺服器可在共用發音語彙中儲存在區塊402處接收之命名實體的發音及視情況在區塊404處判定的一或多個內 容脈絡標籤。在一些實例中，共用發音語彙可在本端儲存於一或多個伺服器處(例如，在資料及模型儲存器120中)，或可在一或多個伺服器遠端儲存。程序400可接著返回至區塊402，其中可自相同或不同使用者及使用者器件接收相同或不同詞語或命名實體之額外發音。
返回參看圖3，在於區塊302處產生共用發音語彙之後，程序300可繼續進行至區塊304。在區塊304處，一或多個伺服器可自使用者器件(例如，使用者器件102或103)接收表示使用者器件及/或其使用者之內容脈絡的內容相關資訊。在一些實例中，內容相關資訊可包括任何類型之內容相關資訊，諸如來自器件之感測器資訊，諸如照明、環境雜訊、環境溫度、周圍環境之影像或視訊、離另一物件之距離及其類似者。內容相關資訊可進一步包括與使用者器件之實體狀態(例如，器件定向、器件位置、器件溫度、功率位準、速度、加速度、運動型樣、蜂巢式信號強度等)或使用者器件之軟體狀態(例如，執行中程序、使用者設定、使用者偏好、安裝之程式、過去及目前網路活動、背景服務、錯誤日誌、資源使用量、先前接收之使用者輸入、近期產生/接收之文字或電子郵件訊息等)相關聯的資訊。雖然上文提供特定類型之內容相關資訊，但應瞭解，可接收表示使用者器件及/或其使用者之內容脈絡的任何其他類型之內容相關資訊。
在區塊306處，一或多個伺服器可基於在區塊304處接收之內容相關資訊判定可能與使用者相關之共用發音語彙的子集。共用發音語彙之子集可大體上包括來自共用發音語彙之詞語或命名實體，該等詞語或命名實體可能係基於使用者器件之內容脈絡而自使用者器件接收。舉例而言，若在區塊304處接收之內容相關資訊包括使用者之連絡人清單，則連絡人清單中之名稱中的一些或全部的發音可自共用發音語彙擷取且可包括於在區塊306處判定之子集中，此係因為使用者可能將提供含有彼等名稱中之一者的口語輸入。
在另一實例中，內容相關資訊可包括由使用者在使用者器件上產生或接收之近期電子郵件或文字訊息的內容，或與該等近期電子郵件或文字訊息相關聯的資訊。在此實例中，在彼等訊息中所論述之標的物域(例如，體育運動、餐館、音樂等)可經判定且可用於在與彼等域相關聯之共用發音語彙中搜尋詞語或命名實體。此等詞語或命名實體之發音可包括於共用發音語彙的子集中。在一些實例中，此可包括識別具有與所判定之域相關聯之內容脈絡標籤的詞語或命名實體及將彼等詞語或命名實體之發音包括於共用發音語彙的子集中。
在又一實例中，內容相關資訊可包括當前正顯示於使用者器件上之資訊，諸如附近餐館之搜尋結果的清單。在此實例中，清單中之餐館名稱中之一些或全部的發音可自共用發音語彙擷取且可包括於所判定之子集中，此係因為使用者可能將提供含有彼等名稱中之一者的口語輸入。
在另一實例中，內容相關資訊可包括由使用者提供或由使用者器件及/或一或多個伺服器推斷之關於使用者的使用者偏好。舉例而言，基於載入使用者器件中之應用程式、使用者之網際網路瀏覽歷史及使用者之電子郵件及SMS訊息的內容，可判定使用者關注電影、音樂及食物，但不關注體育運動。在此實例中，與此等類型之內容脈絡標籤相關聯的詞語或命名實體中之一些或全部的發音可包括於在區塊306處所判定之子集中，此係因為來自使用者之口語輸入可能將包括此等詞語或命名實體中的一者。
在另一實例中，內容相關資訊可包括關於當前相關或所關注之話題的資訊。此內容相關資訊可自該使用者器件及由一或多個伺服器支援之其他使用者器件接收(例如，基於在器件上執行之風行搜尋查詢)，或可由一或多個系統之操作者識別。此等話題可包括近期或即將上映之電影、近期或即將推出之體育賽事或任何其他值得注意的本 地或全球事件。在此等實例中，與此等類型之內容脈絡標籤相關聯的詞語或命名實體中之一些或全部的發音可包括於在區塊306處所判定之子集中，此係因為來自使用者之口語輸入可能將包括此等詞語或命名實體中的一者。
雖然上文提供用於判定共用發音語彙之相關子集的內容相關資訊之特定使用，但應瞭解，指示特定詞語或命名實體將與使用者相關之可能性的任何其他類型之內容相關資訊可用於判定共用發音語彙的子集。
在區塊308處，一或多個伺服器可接收表示包括來自使用者器件的使用者語音之音訊輸入的音訊資料。舉例而言，包括使用者語音之音訊輸入可由使用者器件接收。在一些實例中，使用者器件可經由麥克風(例如，麥克風230)接收包括使用者語音的音訊輸入。麥克風可將音訊輸入轉換成類比或數位表示，且將表示音訊輸入之音訊資料提供至使用者器件的一個或多個處理器(例如，處理器204)。使用者器件可接著將音訊資料傳輸(例如，經由網路108)至一或多個伺服器。
在區塊310處，一或多個伺服器可使用在區塊306處判定的共用發音語彙之子集對表示音訊輸入之音訊資料執行語音轉文字轉換。舉例而言，一或多個伺服器可將所接收之音訊資料與表示子集中之一或多個詞語之發音的一或多個聲學模型進行比較以識別與音訊輸入最緊密匹配的詞語或名稱。此程序可不包括將所接收之音訊資料與表示不包括於在區塊308處判定之子集中的詞語及命名實體之發音的聲學模型進行比較以減少音訊輸入需要進行比較之模型的數目。在一些實例中，區塊310可進一步包括使用共同語匯執行語音轉文字轉換，該共同語匯與動態產生之共用發音語彙分離且含有頻繁使用之詞語及片語。作為執行區塊310之結果，一或多個伺服器可辨識音訊輸入之使用者語音中所含有的一或多個詞語且可將彼等詞語轉換轉文字表示。
藉由使用程序300，實施虛擬助理之一或多個伺服器可動態產生共用發音語彙(例如，使用程序400)以建立具有任何數目個詞語或片語之眾多發音的語彙。由於發音可由系統之使用者提供，因此發音可有利地快速產生且可包括由使用者說出之所有詞語及命名實體的所有可能變化。共用發音語彙在虛擬助理系統之多個(在一些實例中，所有)使用者之間的使用提供以下益處：每一使用者可在不必自身手動鍵入彼等發音的情況下能夠存取幾乎任何詞語或命名實體之所有可能發音。另外，程序300提供以下益處：允許虛擬助理系統僅選擇整個共用發音語彙之一部分以供基於使用者或使用者器件之內容脈絡處理使用者輸入。此有利地允許虛擬助理系統減少發音之總數同時仍使用最可能由使用者說出之詞語及命名實體的發音，當執行語音轉文字轉換時，系統可將音訊輸入與該等發音進行比較。此有利地減少做出比較所需之時間量且降低將在類似發音之詞語或命名實體之間做出錯誤匹配之可能性。
雖然以特定次序展示程序300之區塊，但應瞭解，該等區塊可以任何次序執行或可同時執行。舉例而言，可繼續執行區塊302以更新具有自使用者接收之發音的共用發音語彙，同時可執行區塊304、306、308及310以對口語使用者輸入執行語音轉文字轉換。另外，應瞭解，程序300之區塊可重複任何數目次以對任何數目個口語使用者輸入執行語音轉文字轉換。在一些實例中，當處理來自同一使用者器件之多個口語使用者輸入時，區塊304及306可僅執行一次以起始判定共用發音語彙之適當子集。隨後所接收之口語使用者輸入可藉由重複區塊308及310而予以處理。然而，若使用者之內容脈絡改變，則一或多個伺服器可請求經更新的內容相關資訊及/或使用者器件可將經更新的內容相關資訊推送至一或多個伺服器，此舉致使區塊304及306再次被執行。
在一些實例中，共用發音語彙可替代地或另外藉由一或多個伺服器使用以執行語音合成。圖5說明用於執行此功能之例示性程序500。在一些實例中，可在程序300之區塊310之後執行程序500。
在區塊502處，一或多個伺服器可判定對在程序300之區塊308處接收的音訊輸入之使用者語音的回應。在一些實例中，如上文所描述，此判定可包括對在區塊310處產生之使用者語音的文字表示執行自然語言處理以判定資訊(例如，搜尋結果)或待以口語形式呈現給使用者的訊息。舉例而言，回應於請求附近意大利餐館之名稱的使用者語音，一或多個伺服器可推斷使用者想要使用者當前位置附近的意大利餐館之名稱的使用者意圖，可執行搜尋查詢以識別此類餐館，且判定含有一或多個附近意大利餐館之名稱的交談字串，該交談字串以自然語言形式傳送所請求的資訊。
在區塊504處，一或多個伺服器可判定包括於在區塊502處判定之回應中之一或多個詞語或命名實體的發音。在一些實例中，此判定可包括搜尋用於經判定之回應中之詞語或命名實體的文字表示之在程序300之區塊306處判定的共用發音語彙或共用發音語彙的子集。在一些實例中，若匹配之詞語或命名實體圖示包括一個以上發音，則區塊504可包括選擇最可能為彼詞語或命名實體之正確發音的發音中之一者。此判定可至少部分地基於與在區塊502處判定之回應相關聯的內容相關資訊而進行。舉例而言，與回應相關聯之標的物域(例如，餐館域)可用於篩選與相關域無關之詞語或命名實體的發音。位置、語言或其他標籤可類似地用於識別詞語或命名實體的適當發音。
在區塊506處，一或多個伺服器可將在區塊502處判定之回應及在區塊504處判定之回應中所含有的一或多個詞語或命名實體之發音傳輸至使用者器件。
藉由使用程序500，實施虛擬助理之一或多個伺服器可使用共用 發音語彙合成待被提供回至使用者的語音。由於可自來自虛擬助理系統之多個(例如，所有)使用者的輸入產生共用發音語彙，因此一或多個伺服器可有利地能夠存取幾乎任何詞語或命名實體之所有可能發音。另外，程序500提供以下益處：允許虛擬助理系統僅使用判定為可能與自使用者接收之輸入相關的整個共用發音語彙之一部分以用於合成待被提供回至使用者作為回應的語音。此有利地允許虛擬助理系統使用最可能被提供回至使用者之詞語及命名實體的發音執行語音合成(此係因為回應可能與使用者輸入之內容相關)，藉此減少發音之總數目(系統可自此等發音選擇)。此舉有利地減少識別適當發音所需的時間量。
在一些實例中，歸因於出於效能原因而強加於共用發音語彙上之儲存約束及/或限制，共用發音語彙可被限制大小。在此等實例中，詞語及命名實體(及其相關發音)可自共用發音語彙移除，以為詞語及命名實體之新接收的發音提供空間。在一些實例中，可基於存取詞語或命名實體(例如，具有以下情況之發音：在區塊406處被新增、包括於區塊306處之子集中、用於執行區塊310處之語音轉文字轉換、用於執行區塊504處之語音合成或其類似者)之新近程度而選擇用於移除的詞語及命名實體(及其相關聯發音)。在此等實例中，可選擇在最大時間量內尚未被存取的詞語或命名實體以用於移除。
應瞭解，程序300、400及500之區塊可執行於使用者器件102或103、伺服器系統110或使用者器件102或103及伺服器系統110之組合上。舉例而言，在一些實例中，程序300、400及500之所有區塊可執行於使用者器件102或103上。在其他實例中，程序300、400及500之一些區塊可執行於使用者器件102或103處，而程序300、400及500之其他區塊可執行於伺服器系統110處。在另外其他實例中，程序300、400及500之所有區塊可執行於伺服器系統110處。
電子器件
根據一些實例，圖6展示根據各種所描述之實例的原理組態之電子器件600的功能方塊圖。可藉由硬體、軟體或硬體及軟體之組合實施器件之功能區塊以實現各種所描述之實例的原理。熟習此項技術者應理解，可組合圖6中所描述之功能區塊或將其分離成子區塊以實施各種所描述之實例的原理。因此，本文中之描述視情況支援本文中所描述之功能區塊的任何可能組合或分離或進一步定義。
如圖6中所展示，電子器件600可包括經組態以顯示使用者介面並接收觸摸式輸入之觸控式螢幕顯示單元602，及經組態以接收聲音輸入之聲音接收單元604。在一些實例中，電子器件600可包括經組態以產生聲音之揚聲器單元606。電子器件600可進一步包括耦接至觸控式螢幕顯示單元602及聲音接收單元604(且視情況耦接至揚聲器單元606)之處理單元608。在一些實例中，處理單元608可包括以下各者：第一發音接收單元610、第一發音儲存單元612、第二發音接收單元614、第二發音儲存單元616、第三發音接收單元618、第三發音儲存單元620、內容脈絡接收單元622、子集判定單元624、音訊資料接收單元626、語音轉文字單元628、回應判定單元630、發音判定單元632、傳輸單元634及刪除單元636。
處理單元608可經組態以自第一使用者器件接收(例如，使用第一發音接收單元610)第一命名實體之發音。第一發音儲存單元612可經組態以在共用發音語彙中儲存第一命名實體之發音。第二發音接收單元614可經組態以自第二使用者器件接收第二命名實體之發音。第二發音儲存單元616可經組態以在共用發音語彙中儲存第二命名實體之發音。
在一些實例中，第一發音儲存單元612可經組態以在共用發音語彙中儲存第一命名實體的發音，此藉由以下動作進行：判定用於第一 命名實體之發音的一或多個內容脈絡標籤；及儲存與經判定之一或多個內容脈絡標籤相關聯之第一命名實體的發音。
在一些實例中，一或多個內容脈絡標籤包括識別與第一命名實體之發音相關聯之位置的位置標籤。
在一些實例中，一或多個內容脈絡標籤包括識別與第一命名實體之發音相關聯之標的物域的域標籤。
在一些實例中，一或多個內容脈絡標籤包括識別與第一命名實體之發音相關聯之語言的語言標籤。
在一些實例中，第三發音接收單元618可經組態以自第三使用者器件接收第一命名實體之第二發音。在一些實例中，第三發音儲存單元620可經組態以在共用發音語彙中儲存第一命名實體之第二發音。
在一些實例中，內容脈絡接收單元622可經組態以自第四使用者器件接收第四使用者器件之內容脈絡。在一些實例中，子集判定單元624可經組態以基於第四使用者器件之內容脈絡判定共用發音語彙的相關子集。在一些實例中，音訊資料接收單元626可經組態以自第四使用者器件接收表示使用者語音之音訊資料。在一些實例中，語音轉文字單元628可經組態以使用共用發音語彙之經判定的相關子集而對音訊資料執行語音轉文字轉換，以產生使用者語音的文字表示。
在一些實例中，語音轉文字單元628可經組態以在不使用不包括於共用發音語彙之經判定之相關子集中的共用發音語彙之部分的情況下，使用共用發音語彙之經判定的相關子集而對音訊資料執行語音轉文字轉換。
在一些實例中，子集判定單元624可經組態以基於第四使用者器件之內容脈絡判定共用發音語彙的相關子集，此藉由判定將共用發音語彙中之命名實體的與內容脈絡標籤(與第四使用者器件之內容脈絡相關)相關聯的一或多個發音包括於共用發音語彙之相關子集中進 行。
在一些實例中，第四使用者器件之內容脈絡包括儲存於第四使用者器件上的連絡人清單。在此等實例中，子集判定單元624可經組態以基於第四使用者器件之內容脈絡判定共用發音語彙的相關子集，此藉由判定將在連絡人清單中之命名實體的亦在共用發音語彙中的一或多個發音包括於共用發音語彙的相關子集中進行。
在一些實例中，回應判定單元630可經組態以判定對使用者語音之回應，其中該回應包含命名實體。在一些實例中，發音判定單元632可經組態以使用共用發音語彙之經判定之相關子集判定命名實體的發音。在一些實例中，傳輸單元634可經組態以將回應及命名實體之發音傳輸至第四使用者器件。
在一些實例中，刪除單元636可經組態以在共用發音語彙中刪除最久遠(least recently)存取的命名實體之一或多個發音。
在一些實例中，第一命名實體之發音包括與講出第一命名實體之第一使用者器件相關聯的使用者之音訊記錄。在此等實例中，第一發音儲存單元612可經組態以藉由以下步驟在共用發音語彙中儲存第一命名實體之發音：基於音訊記錄產生表示第一命名實體之發音的聲學模型，及在共用發音語彙中儲存該聲學模型。
在一些實例中，第一命名實體之發音包括表示由第一使用者器件產生之第一命名實體之發音的聲學模型。
如上文所描述，本發明技術之一個態樣為可自各種來源獲得之資料的搜集及使用，以改良至使用者之邀請內容或可為使用者所關注之任何其他內容的遞送。在一些情況下，本發明預期此所搜集之資料可包括唯一地識別或可用於接觸或定位特定個人的個人資訊資料。此個人資訊資料可包括人口統計資料、基於位置之資料、電話號碼、電子郵件地址、住家地址或任何其他識別資訊。
本發明認識到，在本發明技術中，此個人資訊資料之使用可用於令使用者受益。舉例而言，個人資訊資料可用於遞送使用者更關注的目標內容。因此，此個人資訊資料之使用實現對所遞送內容之計算式控制。此外，本發明亦預期令使用者受益之個人資訊資料的其他使用。
本發明進一步預期負責此個人資訊資料之搜集、分析、揭示、傳送、儲存或其他使用之實體將遵守良好確立的隱私策略及/或隱私實踐。詳言之，此等實體應實施且一致地使用通常認為符合或超出用於維持個人資訊資料隱私及安全之行業或政府要求的隱私策略及實踐。舉例而言，應收集來自使用者之個人資訊以用於實體之合法且合理的使用，而非在彼等合法使用之外對其進行共用或出售。此外，應僅在接收使用者之知情同意之後發生此收集。另外，此等實體將採取任何所需步驟以用於安全防護並保衛對此個人資訊資料之存取，且確保能存取個人資訊資料之其他人依循其隱私策略及程序。另外，此等實體自身可經受由第三方作出之評估以證明其依循廣泛接受的隱私策略及實踐。
不管前述如何，本發明亦預期使用者選擇性地阻礙對個人資訊資料之使用或存取的實例。亦即，本發明預期可提供硬體及/或軟體元件以防止或阻礙對此個人資訊資料之存取。舉例而言，在廣告遞送服務的狀況下，本發明技術可經組態以允許使用者在註冊服務期間作出「選擇進入」或「選擇離開」參與收集個人資訊資料的選擇。在另一實例中，使用者可選擇不為目標內容遞送服務提供位置資訊。在又一實例中，使用者可選擇不提供精確位置資訊，但准許傳送位置分區資訊。
因此，儘管本發明廣泛地涵蓋使用個人資訊資料以實施一或多個各種所揭示之實例，但本發明亦預期亦可在無需存取此個人資訊資 料之情況下實施各種實例。亦即，本發明技術之各種實例並不會歸因於缺乏此個人資訊資料之所有或一部分而呈現為不可操作。舉例而言，可藉由基於非個人資訊資料或最小量之個人資訊(諸如，由與使用者相關聯之器件所請求的內容、可用以內容遞送服務之其他非個人資訊或公開可用資訊)推斷偏好而選擇內容並將其遞送至使用者。
儘管已參看附圖充分描述實例，但應注意，各種改變及修改對於熟習此項技術者而言將變得顯而易見。應將此等改變及修改理解為包括於如由所附申請專利範圍所界定之各種實例的範疇內。
300‧‧‧用於使用共用發音語彙操作虛擬助理之例示性程序

Claims (20)

  1. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之方法，該方法包含：在具有一處理器及記憶體之一電子器件處：自一第一使用者器件接收一第一命名實體之一第一發音；自一第二使用者器件接收該第一命名實體之一第二發音；在一共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音及該第二發音；自一第三使用者器件接收表示使用者語音及該第三使用者器件之一內容脈絡(context)的音訊資料，該使用者語音包括口語形式之該第一命名實體；及對該音訊資料執行語音轉文字轉換以產生該使用者語音的一文字表示，該語音轉文字轉換包含針對與該語音資料之比較而基於該內容脈絡選擇該第一命名實體之經儲存之該第一發音或經儲存之該第二發音。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其中在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音及該第二發音包含：判定用於該第一命名實體之該第一發音的一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤；儲存與該經判定之一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤相關聯的該第一命名實體之該第一發音；判定用於該第一命名實體之該第二發音的一或多個第二內容脈絡標籤；及儲存與該經判定之一或多個第二內容脈絡標籤相關聯的該第一命名實體之該第二發音。
  3. 如請求項2之方法，其中該一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤包含一位 置標籤，該位置標籤識別與該第一命名實體之該第一發音相關聯的一位置。
  4. 如請求項2之方法，其中該一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤包含一域標籤，該域標籤識別與該第一命名實體之該第一發音相關聯的一標的物域。
  5. 如請求項2之方法，其中該一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤包含一語言標籤，該語言標籤識別與該第一命名實體之該第一發音相關聯的一語言。
  6. 如請求項1之方法，其中該方法進一步包含：自一第四使用者器件接收一第二命名實體之一發音；及在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第二命名實體之該發音。
  7. 如請求項1之方法，其中該方法進一步包含：基於該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡判定該共用發音語彙的一相關子集，其中對該音訊資料之語音轉文字轉換係使用該共用發音語彙之該經判定的相關子集而執行以產生該使用者語音的該文字表示。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，其中使用該共用發音語彙之該經判定的相關子集對該音訊資料執行語音轉文字轉換不包括：使用不被包括於該共用發音語彙之該經判定的相關子集中的該共用發音語彙之部分。
  9. 如請求項7之方法，其中基於該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡判定該共用發音語彙的該相關子集包含：判定將該共用發音語彙中之命名實體的與一內容脈絡標籤相關聯的一或多個發音包括於該共用發音語彙之該相關子集中，該內容脈絡標籤與該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡相關。
  10. 如請求項7之方法，其中該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡包含儲存於該第三使用者器件上的一連絡人清單，且其中基於該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡判定該共用發音語彙的該相關子集包含：判定將在該連絡人清單中之命名實體的亦在該共用發音語彙中的一或多個發音包括於該共用發音語彙的該相關子集中。
  11. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包含：自一第五使用者器件接收表示一第二使用者語音及該第五使用者器件之一內容脈絡；基於該第五使用者器件之該內容脈絡判定該共用發音語彙之一相關子集；判定對該第二使用者語音之一回應，其中該回應包含一第二命名實體；使用該共用發音語彙的該經判定之相關子集判定該第二命名實體的一發音；及將該回應及該第二命名實體之該發音傳輸至該第五使用者器件。
  12. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包含：在該共用發音語彙中刪除最久遠存取之一命名實體的一或多個發音。
  13. 如請求項1之方法，其中該第一命名實體之該第一發音包含與講出該第一命名實體之該第一使用者器件相關聯的一使用者之一音訊記錄，且其中在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體的該第一發音包含：基於該音訊記錄產生表示該第一命名實體之該第一發音的一聲學模型，及在該共用發音語彙中儲存該聲學模型。
  14. 如請求項1之方法，其中該第一命名實體之該第一發音包含表示由該第一使用者器件產生之該第一命名實體之該第一發音的一聲學模型。
  15. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之電腦可讀儲存媒體，該電腦可讀儲存媒體儲存一或多個程式，該一或多個程式包含當由一或多個處理器執行時使該一或多個處理器進行以下操作的指令：自一第一使用者器件接收一第一命名實體之一第一發音；自一第二使用者器件接收該第一命名實體之一第二發音；及在一共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音及該第二發音；自一第三使用者器件接收表示使用者語音及該第三使用者器件之一內容脈絡的音訊資料，該使用者語音包括口語形式之該第一命名實體；及對該語音資料執行語音轉文字轉換以產生該使用者語音之一文字表示，該語音轉文字轉換包含針對與該語音資料之比較而基於該內容脈絡選擇該第一命名實體之經儲存之該第一發音或經儲存之該第二發音。
  16. 一種用於操作一虛擬助理之系統，該系統包含：一或多個處理器；儲存一或多個程式的記憶體，該一或多個程式包含當由該一或多個處理器執行時使該一或多個處理器進行以下操作的指令：自一第一使用者器件接收一第一命名實體之一第一發音；自一第二使用者器件接收該第一命名實體之一第二發音；及在一共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音及 該第二發音；自一第三使用者器件接收表示使用者語音及第三使用者器件之一內容脈絡的音訊資料，該使用者語音包括該口語形式之該第一命名實體；及對該語音資料執行語音轉文字轉換以產生該使用者語音之一文字表示，該語音轉文字轉換包含針對與該語音資料之比較而基於該內容脈絡選擇該第一命名實體之經儲存之該第一發音或經儲存之該第二發音。
  17. 如請求項16之系統，其中在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音及該第二發音包含：判定用於該第一命名實體之該第一發音的一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤；儲存與該經判定之一或多個第一內容脈絡標籤相關聯的該第一命名實體之該第一發音；判定用於該第一命名實體之該第二發音的一或多個第二內容脈絡標籤；及儲存與該經判定之一或多個第二內容脈絡標籤相關聯的該第一命名實體之該第二發音。
  18. 如請求項16之系統，其中該等指令進一步使該一或多個處理器進行以下操作：自一第四使用者器件接收一第二命名實體之一發音；及在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第二命名實體之該發音。
  19. 如請求項16之系統，其中該等指令進一步使該一或多個處理器進行以下操作：基於該第三使用者器件之該內容脈絡判定該共用發音語彙之一相關子集； 其中對該音訊資料之語音轉文字轉換係使用該共用發音語彙之該經判定的相關子集而執行以產生該使用者語音之該文字表示。
  20. 如請求項16之系統，其中該第一命名實體之該第一發音包含與講出該第一命名實體之該第一使用者器件相關聯的一使用者之一音訊記錄，且其中在該共用發音語彙中儲存該第一命名實體之該第一發音包含：基於該音訊記錄產生表示該第一命名實體之該第一發音的一聲學模型，及在該共用發音語彙中儲存該聲學模型。
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